MARKETPLACE Riddhi Kuppa A SOCIAL GATHERING PLATFORM

The market creates a holistic experience for the tourist by giving a full glimpse of the Rajasthani culture, the eateries around allows one to experience the food of Rajasthan, the temples in the bazaar give a glimpse of religion, the step wells which is a remarkable characteristic of traditional architecture, adds to the cultural experience of the market

The market helps keep the culture of the state alive and allows people to practice traditional craftsmanship. The market the rich collection of commodities and the tales attached to each of them that attracts people from all across the globe. Thus, these type of markets form a separate identity and are used differently by different user. Such markets will continue to exist and thrive because they are necessary for the economy of the city.

h) Future of markets

India has managed to push through so many retail trends and is now honing its retail game to make a bigger impact on the future. So many years nothing happened and suddenly there’s been so much advancement in technology. Physical retail stores may not have the same experience again.

For Gen X and the Boomers, URL is the new IRL – online commerce is booming. Social distancing made everyone realize the worth of getting to interact physically with one another. Many markets in India are trying to create experiential connections with their customers. Malls are reinterpreting the use of spaces. Brands are trying unique ways to create engaging and experience zones to remake their brand story and attract visitors. Weekend farmer markets and live music gigs are the new ins in to attract more people by making interesting spaces. This turns into another way for retail shopkeepers to engage with the consumer beyond the sale. Retail spaces are transfiguring into extended interactive circles that make people interact within the society in the post-Covid world. While customers are willing to spend in a physical retail store, their expectations have changed. A seamless experience is now taken for granted. Retailers have to marry their personal touch with tech to deliver an impeccable and repeatable experience.

For example, Decathlon in Mumbai has initiated a touch-free checkout experience with the introduction of the app. The customer has to scan the QR codes on the product in the aisle within the shop, pays for it on the app, and walks out with the product. This eliminates the long queues at checkout while maintaining higher levels of cleanliness in the stores.

To make it easier to fathom, as the world's sixth-largest economy we are all set to have the youngest population by 2020. In tandem with the population growth, consumer spending is on the rise in India, expected to grow to $3.6 trillion by next year – four times what it was a decade earlier, according to the India Brand Equity Foundation.

The retail ecosystem in combination with the convenience of being at home, getting all deliveries to the doorstep and often online season sales has changed the scenario for the e-commerce sector quite drastically. Furthermore, with the increase in affordability of smartphones and economical data prices around, the shopping experience is made easier. To the millennial population, shopping has been a complete virtual experience as cellphones have acted as means of communication between the engagement of selecting the products to the method of payment whether online or cash to when you would want the delivery with availability of instant delivery options in certain cases. I would say we are in the midst of a huge shopping revolution in India.

Consumers want to shop independently – both from marketplaces as well as independent brands. But here, local businesses would get the highest benefit due to the personalized customer service expectations, support to their community and trust. Reports states that 76% of consumers are willing to shop at new brands or stores for the first time. This means that niche brands or the brands that are selling unique products will be able to take the benefit. As we said, Generation Z is making an influence on shaping the future of Indian eCommerce. According to Bo Finneman in the interview with Mckinsey, “They’re looking beyond tangible products and actually trying to understand what is it that makes the company tick. What’s its mission? What’s its purpose? And what is it actually trying to build for us as a society?”

It is not just about the scale of eCommerce but also about the speed of adoption and aggregation of ecosystems in the country. The whole sensory experience comes into picture where customers demand for a touching experience as there are many who are skeptical about how the product that is being purchased, feels like or even the way it appears in real life.

CHAPTER 3 - MARKET ARCHITECTURE

a) Strategies for good marketing

Market Architecture holds quite an importance in the field of marketing. An effective market architecture leads to an increase in the visibility of the marketplace. When the market architecture is done in the right way, it leads to effective marketing.

Effective marketing can be defined as that process in which the prospects are made aware of the value and the importance of the design which is provided by a particular firm and then persuade those prospects into taking the next step of this process. Along with that, the market structure clearly defines the layout of the entire market in the most clarified ways.

It shows us how every individual sub-market is divided depending upon the amenities that are being sold or the service that is being provided. If the planning is done well, a connectivity path gets formed between the sub-markets making them inter-connected and making the entire market whole. Good planning will help in distinguishing between the buyers and sellers and give good enough breathing space. In today's world, a market should be planned with the scope of future expansion as it becomes very necessary to consider and adhere to the population growth over the years.

A few principles need to be followed while thinking of Markets:

 The first one of the layout is circulation. Circulation is created by arranging product so the market can keep track of the traffic movement of the consumer. Along with this path, there will be specialized sections that will need to draw the attention of customers which generally if passed across won’t contribute to the sales. Service areas like trolley area, restrooms are planned in a way which draws the attention of the customer through certain products and in turn creates extra buys. Necessity items such as bread and milk are generally located at the back side of the store to enhance the start of circulation. Cashiers' desks are located in a particular place in order to make the circulation better.

 The second one is coordination. Coordination is the systematic arrangement of products that enhance sales. Products according to fast and slow selling lines are placed in smart positions keeping in mind the overall plan of the sales. Managers may place different items in fastselling category to increase turnover or to promote a new line.

 The third principle is consumer convenience which can be done by maintaining the character of promotions and goods placements. The products may complement one another and locating them closely is a way marketers try to increase purchases.

 The last one would be the use of color psychology, the positions of the different food, and branding strategy. Consumer psychologists suggest that most customers tend to enter the store and shop to their right first and hence place goods accordingly which leads to a full anticlockwise circulation around the shop before exiting via the checkouts.

b) Components of a Market

i. Spatial Organisation

Spatial organization is connected with the natural flow of shoppers within the alleys of traditional bazaars, the relationship between the masses and spaces have a big role in leading the movement of shoppers. The spatial organization of the traditional markets is considered as me best example to study the movement people to due to its character, which encourages spontaneous movement. Spatial organization provides opportunities that encourages or limits the behaviour of individuals in the particular space. Market spaces are generally considered as a grid in which there are intersections of main circulation paths with the entrances and secondary circulation paths. Markets could be linear in which buyer can see on platforms during his passing through. Shopping paths can be designed differently using crisscross patterns which will help in creating an atmosphere of eagerness and surprise by visual sequential shots and in turn break the monotony and boredom and increase the area of showcases. It also contains a kind of mystery and constant change along the paths.

The figures above shows different kind of spatial organization in the market

◆ Linear spatial organization in which there is pathway in the centre and the shops on both sides of it. It consists of a series of spaces. It usually has repetitive spaces which are alike in size, form, and function.

◆ Axial organization connects the nodes that are figurative points in a space with a well defined axis. The spaces run parallely on both sides of the axis and forms some sense of connectivity

◆ Grid planning can be seen in markets which are designed during the development of the city itself where the roads intersecting are intentional and form grids

◆ Central organization is composed of a dominant central space with the secondary spaces grouped around it. As a composition, this arrangement is stable and concentrated. The central space in this organization is usually regular in form and is large enough together and has smaller spaces placed around its perimeter.

◆ Radial organization. A radial organization consists of a central space or a central focal point from which a number of linear organizations extend in a radial manner.

◆ Clustered organization. It relies on physical proximity to relate its spaces one another. It consists of repetition, cellular spaces that have a similar function and share a common visual trait such as orientation or shape

In each unit present in market spaces, buyers want a clean, well-lighted shopping atmosphere. with a proper display of products. Goods could be displayed on the counters/platforms, hung on he walls or in open space depending on what type is to be displayed. The exterior and interior of a store convey several messages about the store to the buyers. Managing space is the first and foremost concern of almost every seller. There are two areas in which the entire space of the unit can be divided into. One being the selling area and another being the non-selling area. Selling area is the area where the display of products takes place with the help of fixtures like racks, tables and others. Non-selling area is the circulation area for customers inside the store. A unit layout design must be a balance between these two areas. Spatial Organization in market spaces plays a major role in deciding the scale, and design of individual unit, Roadside markets can have small permanent shops with separate display area or there could be small temporary shops with product being displayed within the range where seller's hand can reach.

Image to the left represents the physical character of the shops in the market. They could be open from front, open from sides, semi- open, enclosed depending upon the spatial organization and the location of the market spaces. This physical character also depends on the type of products sold by the shops.

The image to the right shows a basic layout of a vegetable shop in the markets. There is the use of crates of fruits and vegetable to create a temporary platform for the display of products. The area under the platform is used as a storage space for the shop. The use of umbrella and cloth as a shading device can be seen in the picture. The platforms are created in the such a manner that the goods are in the easy reach of customer and that is a major requirement of the shops in the markets.

iii . Buyer Seller Interaction

Location and spatial organization of marketplace plays a major role in buyer seller interaction. Buyer seller interaction provides a sense of belonging and sense of security to visitors who are coming to a market place. Local language communication further increases the comfort level of visitors in the market place. Street markets or local markets provide a higher degree of buyer seller interaction as the buyer is directly able to communicate with the seller which is not the case with the high-end shopping centres.

iv. Recreational Spaces

Recreational spaces play a major role in market by promoting sense of belonging in the space. These recreational spaces act like breathing spaces in the market and aid in the interaction of the buyers. These spaces could be offset spaces to stand aside or just walk-by without bashing into the customers standing by the shops. The recreational spaces might include food courts, food stalls, even small tea stalls, seating and resting spaces, performance spaces, etc. These space promote a the culture and tradition of the city and moreover, it leaves a everlasting impact on the mind of the visitors of the markets. These spaces are generally self-managed and selfunderstood. They encourage community interaction and well-being. These spaces visually lighten the entire chaotic scenario of a market scene and adds a better sense of environmental qualities for the vicinity around.

CHAPTER 4 - MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE

a) Functioning of a Market

The way markets function is thoroughly depended on the way they are built. All its characteristics are governed by the kind of spatial experience they generate. People often identify markets as spaces of easy sociability and communal relationships. This identity of markets is brought to life by the construct of open regions as described by Goffman (1963) and as described by Latham and Layton (2019) that the transparency of these regions is what establishes people’s sense of reflexive awareness and common experience of community and belonging. It is due to this transparency when people do not realise the presence of infrastructure and it only ‘becomes visible upon reakdown’ (Star 1999, p. 382).

However, markets are also perceived to be dirty, chaotic, crowded, narrow and ill maintained by many people. This condition of markets is because of lack of maintenance and services to the market and also inadequate infrastructural facilities. Market precincts on the other hand face issues related to lack of proper roads, narrow roads, lack of parking spaces, lack of shaded pause points or resting areas, these features make the experience of the user unpleasant. Without addressing these discrepancies in the infrastructure, markets cannot be accounted as vibrant sociable spaces of great significance.

b) Infrastructural inadequacies

Most local markets have general complaints like lack of vehicularpedestrian circulation segregation, lack of adequate water and sanitation facilities, narrow alleys, lack of proper spill over space for stalls, lack of proper demarcations, lack of proper site entrances, lack of proper ventilation, lack of proper lighting, inadequate weather protection, etc. It has already been discussed that people are switching from local markets to commercial markets also because the physical experience of shopping of such markets is better because they provide basic services and are well maintained.

c) Considerations for a Market Design

i. Location must be within designated commercial zone.

ii. Population to be served should be large.

iii. Number of traders that will be using the space iv. Size - the size shall be adequate in comparison to the population, the size should not be too large in case of small population or vice versa. v. Maintenance – Maintenance of the market shall be the sole responsibility of the owner/ operator. Rules should be followed vi. Water Supply – there shall be sufficient supply of potable water either from the public main water supply or from and approved source. There shall be adequate number of water pipe outlets for easy cleaning of the market and its premises. vii. Sewage Disposal and Drainage – sewage shall be disposed to a public sewerage system. There shall be sufficient facilities in the market and its premises. viii. Waste Disposal – proper solid waste management shall be instituted in the market. There should be an adequate number of waste bins. ix. Toilet and Hand washing Facilities – adequate number of toilet facilities shall be provided with two compartments, one for men and one for women. One toilet for differently abled female and male customers respectively shall be provided. Toilet and hand washing facilities shall be located within the market area and should cater to the public. x. Effective methods for protection of produce from climatic factors, such as rain, wind, and dust. This could be in the form of permanent structures or temporary facilities. xi. The type of pedestrian and vehicular traffic delivering and collecting produce (e.g. pickups, trucks, animal carts, buses, motor bikes, cycles) will need to be accounted for while designing. xii. The likelihood of change in the future and the type of flexibility required.

The above mentioned guidelines help creating minimum required market infrastructure guidelines. Effective regulation of markets is also very essential. Inside the market, both hygiene rules and revenue collection activities have to be enforced and a constant check should be kept. Licensed traders in a market will not be willing to cooperate in raising standards if they face competition from unlicensed operators outside who do not pay any of the costs involved in providing a proper service to their customers.

d) Case Study

i. Casablanca sustainable market square

Architects: Tom van Odijk, David Baars

Team Members: Alexine Sammut

Country: The Netherlands

The site is situated right next to the Medina and in consequence interwoven with the indispensable social and economic structures of the Old City. Legal and illegal markets influence the streetscape lending to the local economy. The negative aspect of this kind of commercial street business is the pollution and the detoriarion of the public space.

Concept

We combine indigenous techniques for shelter and heat control, the accountability of it's residents and innovative low-maintenance materials. In this way, we create an efficient and pragmatic icon for the next generation market which serves as a catalyst for improvement.

Sustainability/Positive development

How to define sustainability in the broader context of the reality of Casablanca?

In our design proposal therefore, our sustainable contribution is twofold.

First by the use of low-tech techniques to collect and reuse rainwater to flush the toilets, clean the market-floor and supplying water over the roof to evaporate hence making the air under the roof fresh and cool.

Secondly by installing a refuse and waste handling system for the market and using low maintenance materials, liveability and durability will be improved.

CHAPTER 5 : MARKETS AS A PUBLIC SPACE

a) What are good public spaces?

Great public spaces are those places where celebrations are held, social & economic exchanges occur, friends run into each other, & cultures mix. They are the 'front porches' of our public institutions-libraries, field houses, schools-where we interact with each other & government. When these spaces work well, they serve as the stage for our public lives.

⚫ Access & Linkages - A successful public space is easy to get to & get through; it is visible both from a distance & up close. The edges of a spaces are important as well: For instance, a row of shops along the street is more interesting & generally safer to walk by than a blank wall or empty lot. Accessible spaces have a high parking turnover &, ideally, are convenient to public transit.

⚫ Comfort & Image - Whether a space is comfortable and presents itself well- has a good image - is key to its success. Comfort includes perceptions about safety, cleanliness, & the availability of places to sitthe importance of giving people the choice to sit where they want is generally underestimated.

⚫ Uses & Activities - Activities are the most important pieces of the puzzle when it comes to a place. Having something to do gives people a reason to come to a place - & return. When there is nothing to do, a space will be empty & that generally means that something is wrong.

⚫ Sociability - This is a difficult quality for a place to achieve, but once attained it becomes an unmistakable feature. When people see friends, meet and greet their neighbors, and feel comfortable interacting with strangers, they tend to feel a stronger sense of place or attachment to their community - and to the place that fosters these types of social activities.

b) Market as a Public Space

Public markets are not just places of commerce. Successful markets help grow and connect urban and rural economies. They encourage development, enhance real estate values and the tax base, and keep money in the local neighborhood. Public markets also give the opportunity to businesses to operate with lower risks. Historically our towns and cities have developed around markets, which served as our main/original civic centers. However, With the onset of Malls, Supermarkets, this system lost its identity & resulted in forming poor public spaces. There is a need to therefore go back to creating Markets as centers of Community development.

(Public markets. (2010, February 28). Pps.Org. https://www.pps.org/article/the-benefits-of-public-markets)

Some of the important features of Public Markets are:

⚫ Vibrant Markets Strengthen Local identity

⚫ Markets catalyse Neighbourhood development

⚫ Clustering of Market Activities - Community Hubs

c) Markets as Community Hubs

The way markets serve as public gathering places for people from differ ethnic, cultural, & socioeconomic communities. Great markets are created through the clustering of activities. They require the intentional aggregation of local food & lifestyle products, & also other services, functions & activities. Food is one of the central reasons for which people gather, and that gathering helps in creating hub for community life. As one of the few places where people comfortably gather and meet, markets are our neighborhoods' original civic centers.

d) Development of markets

The role of the public market in the city was crucial in the way it contributed to the social & political lives of all city dwellers. Markets first appeared as "specifically appointed places of exchange" where people gathered for mutual benefit. Markets can be understood in a way in which places embrace every aspect of human existence simultaneously, that are capable of juxtaposing in a single space several aspects of life that are in themselves incompatible.Over the period of time, several market typologies have developed to provide organised trade and protection from the natural elements.

The perception of market as a place and as a public place can be understood with the help of the following chart. People derive or associate a sense of place to a particular space with the combination of 3 key features- activities on and around the space, physical setting and quality of infrastructure whether landmark exist around or on site and then by associating meaning to the space that is by the way of cultural appropriations and common or shared values.

In marketplace, the number of activities taking place at every single moment are diverse and plenty, these activities change by the minute, markets are spaces of constant activities and vivid experiences. The physical setting of market may not always be up to the mark however they are generally located near to sites of great importance these could include transit nodes, religious buildings, political or other public buildings thus making the fabric of the locality memorable. Markets allow people to connect with one another and share spaces collectively. They are lively spots in towns where the effect of any change in whether or enthusiasm for a festival is first portrayed. Therefore, markets are important public places in any city.

The interactions between people visiting the markets have different dynamics from interaction between in trader and shopper. The former is purposeless exchanges that bring a sense of belonging, of seeing and being seen and enjoying the shared experience of using the same market. The latter, is more in relation to the purpose of shopping where conversations are interspersed about the specifications about the product, the praises, the flattery, the bargaining, the assurance of the product quality, the guarantee of buying from the same vendor each time are the kind of exchanges in this case. These interactions occur irrespective of the differences in gender, age, caste, ethnicity, etc. and represent a kind of social glue holding the market’s sociality factor.

(Geertz 1978, p. 29; de la Pradelle 2006; Watson 2009).

The integration of markets along with other places of different interests not only enhances the footfall to the markets, they add to the shopping experience of people. The conducted survey enquired whether people like to engage in these other activities, to which most people admittedly agreed. The following chart shows the diversity of activities that people indulge into.

The sites of marketplaces are in most cases well connected with other important sites that are a part of the public realm. This concept of “integration” of spaces in public realm was theorised by Bill Hillier. He explains that as more number of people use the same path or space and build on it, it enhances the space by attaching diverse cultural and social values to the larger realm of urban spaces. Integration also implies that the site has good accessibility and connectivity.

Through these experiences of sociability, integration and cultural connect, marketplaces acquire constantly changing meanings when users reorganize and reinterpret them. The very meaning of the space of market place shifts and multiplies as more people interpret it, inhabit it, and populate it according to their personal perceptions and understandings of themselves, their relationship to the space, and the space’s relationship to the rest of the city. This creates a sense of social cohesion and belonging among the people.

CHAPTER 6 : CASE STUDY

I. Dadar flower market - temporary market

Dadar phool market (flower market) is located just outside Dadar station in central Mumbai. It is a wholesale flower market,that starts at 04:00 am and ends by 08:00 am. Popular flowers sold in the market are rose, chrysanthium, marigold, jasmine, gladiola, aster, lily, gerbera and garlands of different flowers combined. The flowers come from all over India and also through flights from abroad.

This market is a noteworthy example of temporal market with diverse sensory experiences, in terms of colours, smells, hearing, etc

1. Type – temporal informal wholesale market. The market is a special commodity market, hence attracts people interested in buying the same, because of its location near an important transit centre, the passer-by can also experience the rich sensory experiences of this place.

2. Visibility/ accessibility and importance of site – the site location has excellent visibility being located at an important transit junction. This works in favour of its role as wholesale market in the morning. However, for the rest of the day when the market functions as a retail market, the target demographic may find the location difficult to access because of its overcrowded nature.

3. Temporality – the market functions as a large scale wholesale flower market from 4 a.m. to 9 a.m. Post this time, the wholesale market converts to a retail market selling exclusive flower varieties.

4. Scale – the market occupies an area of approximately 2400 sq. m. where about 300 vendors sell flowers in the peak hours.

5. Nature of existence -–the market consists of a 6m wide alley with florists on either sides. The space lacks any permanent infrastructure or facilities except a few stores that are used as made which is a large municipal market. The space is dimly lit at night. Apart from the street, a newer phool mandi has been built which is used as a wholesale centre.

Bazaars have been seen to be a form of 'kinetic' energy for the city, the space feels dynamic, full of life and has an extremely vibrant look. People feel safe to some extent in the presence of a dynamic crowd as compared to being in the street alone. As said by Jonathan Anjaria (2006), in his article Street Howkers and Public Space in Mumbai, "There is no dearth of eyes in the street of Indian cities, let alone the densely populated Mumbai" (p.2143). Following Jane Jacobs' argument, the city should have ample of eyes' or street spectators, as it would offer visual pleasure to a wide spectrum of the population.

II. Crawford Market

The Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Market, also known as Sir Arthur Crawford Market (named after the first Governor of Mumbail covers an area of 2.25 hectares and incorporates the main building which is in the heritage list. It was built in 1869 and designed by architect William Emerson this Victorian market among the oldest surviving markets of the genre. Market includes the activities like wholesale and retail outlets dealing in fruits, vegetables and fan apart from a variety of consumer items like toys, trunks, leather goods, footwear etc.

The structure is built according to the gothic style and is naturally ventilated with the help of worked out climatological solutions. This place demonstrates in one scene the several eras of evolution of the city of Mumbai from the colonial rule to the Muslim migrants to the end of Britian era to informality to the current chaos of automobiles and the aspirations to be a fond class city, it can be seen together as one big performance with the Crawford Market as its back drop.

Main Crawford Market area which is a closed space with shops in the structure.

Fruits and vegetables open air market space

The Crawford Market is a single storied having a height of 12 m. The market has both open and close spaces for different products. This is a wholesale market. There is a separate market provided for fruits and vegetables which is an open market.

In some shops display of products is done in front which can be easly accessed by buyer and usually it's not in the reach of hand of seller, due to the large size of shops. Another layout seen is the market was that the display area was throughout the shops and was easily accessible by buyers. The customers could pick their choice of products and take it to seller for billing purpose. This layout was commonly seen in fruits and vegetable market. There's a platform created for the display of products which is usually made of the crates of fruits and vegetables or wood.

In the open markets the permanent shops were constructed and for shading purpose mostly the plastic sheets were used and that was a temporary structure in the market. For the indoor shops it was a wellcovered and ventilated area with natural and artificial light sources. The Indoor part of market was completely the permanent structure with a welldefined circulation.

The market is approached by main road leading to a huge hall with seating spaces that acted as a gathering space inside the market for vendors and visitors. Moreover, it also acts as a selling space for mobile vendors. There is a radio restaurant present is proximity of the market which is one of the famous gathering spots for the visitors of the market. There are various other small food stalls and tea stalls that act as a gathering and meeting space for the people in the market.

A Street is never complete without its people. The people who make a street what it has to be. Be it hawkers, be it residents of that area, be it consumers or be it pedestrians. Therefore we started understanding the tiny activities that people were observed doing on the street. The percentage of people standing,sitting, bargaining, arguing, interacting, eating, drinking, etc. A major percentage of people visited the street as consumers. Interactions, conversations, bargaining happened amongst people who came to buy. A conversation, a discussion, generally starts when there are open and public spaces, which are not restricted for a class or a community of people. When people come together, though strangers they automatically tend to start a conversation or sometimes even arrive at an inference.

While Crawford Market is an integrative public space that caters to the needs of diverse class of people and is accessible to all, it did not seem to translate into a place where people could sit and discuss issues, be it personal or social and political. This is mainly because Crawford Market is always busy and does not have sittable places.

The most significant feature of Crawford market is the hawker community making the street most vibrant. The hawkers are positioned in such a way that they are an extension of the formal shops thus bridging the formal and informal activities. Thes informal activities occupy the sidewalk and flow approximately 1.5 meters into the street on both sides. The informalities were mapped on two different days, once on a weekday and once on a weekend to understand the activity pattern of the informal market. It was observed that some of the hawkers change positions on a Sunday as compared to any other weekday the reason being that some formal shops are closed on Sundays and the hawkers position themselves accordingly. This is because the tendency of the hawkers is to position themselves in the busiest area for maximum earnings. The varieties of goods that the hawkers offer are clothes, street food, juices, toys and so on.

(SameeraRaoimage2)

Crawford Market is a very successful city level market space. It is looked upon as a space of consumption and possesses a great opportunity to form a significant community level open space. The study on Crawford market suggests establishing shared spaces which will cater to a great diversity of people and a variety of functions at different times of the day The activity analysis mapping of Crawford Market suggests that while the hawker and vehicular activity is high during the day, it is the residential land use that keeps the streets and the area around the Crawford market alive during all times of the day. The vehicular activity is very low in the mornings and thus the streets can act as play grounds and open spaces for the community. Vehicular activity can be regulated during early hours of the day and various activities like mobile libraries and creating wifi zones along the streets can be proposed.

CHAPTER 7 : CONCLUSION

This study made me understand the importance of public spaces in a market and how they can enhance the entire shopping experience of a buyer. A well-planned and well-managed market can provide deep benefits to a community.

Successful markets are centres which attract shoppers to a downtown or neighborhood commercial district, provide affordable retailing opportunities for small businesses. Sometimes help in preserving farming or farmland in the region. They supply the community with access to healthy, fresh food and create an inviting, safe, and lively public place that attracts a wide range of people.

These interactive spaces are made at nodes that connect different spaces. These spaces may act as courtyards or chowks or atriums or streets. They might be open market spaces or arenas where small competitions could take place.

In addition to shopping, sitting, and eating, the market’s layout should include spaces for performances, play or even learning that will give people multiple reasons to return to your market. Comfortable places to sit will foster a dynamic hub of activity and allow people to spend time people watching, which is a favorite activity at markets. Moveable tables, chairs and umbrellas along with a food cart are a common market addition. Strengthen connectivity to existing destinations near the market space and extend programming and activation into the space, i.e. playgrounds, sports fields, a shed, a café, library, etc.

CHAPTER 8 : SITE OPTIONS

SITE OPTION 1 - BANDRA KURLA COMPLEX

Bandra Kurla Complex is the most well-known commercial sector of Mumbai which has been seeing a lot of development recently however lacks a market space, a space to gather around. A space which will attract all types of users and be a thriving spot in the centre of Mumbai. Keeping the location context, it is necessary to come up with a design that caters to a little higher sector of society. It is necessary to design a space with recreational facilities to provide for breather spaces amongst the dense commercial jungle. BKC looks like a good area to come up with a market design as a lot of people keep visiting and with the upcoming idea of coming up with residential buildings as well in the vicinity in the near future increases the sale and popularity of the market.

SITE OPTION 2 - KHARGHAR

Kharghar is a well-planned and developing locality of Navi Mumbai situated on the Mumbai-Pune Highway. It hosts a number of projects, with multi-storey apartments being the dominant asset class. The locality shares decent road and rail connectivity through Mumbai Highway, Panvel Road (NH-48), Kharghar Railway Station and NMMT Bus Network. The locality has decent connectivity with key employment centers spread across the surrounding areas of CBD Belapur, Taloja Industrial Estate, etc. Kharghar also has the presence of good social & retail infra nearby. Many reputed educational institutions are situated here. The markets in this area are very dispersed and at random corners with small shop areas and no proper infrastructure. Designing a market in this zone will definitely help clear the different small shops with get everything centralised with good recreational and public spaces.

SITE OPTION 3 - KALA GHODA

The Kala Ghoda precinct can be roughly defined as the area that stretches from the Regal Circle at the Southern end of Mahatma Gandhi Road, up to the Mumbai University at the northern end, flanked by the Oval Maidan to the west and the Lion Gate to the east.

Today, the area is a hub of cultural activity and a throbbing urban node with institutions like the Jehangir Art Gallery, Max Mueller Bhavan, Bombay University, Prince of Wales Museum, National Gallery of Modern Art, Institute of Science, Bombay Natural History Society, Elphinstone College, and David Sassoon Library around it, all within comfortable walking distance of each other. The most popular annual Kala Ghoda Arts Festival also takes place here where many artists, performers and craftspersons gather every February.This space has the capacity to house a flourishing market space in the future and also creating recreational spaces like an open library around the precinct.

Chapter 8 : DESIGN PROGRAM

The design program aims at designing a multi-product market space. A one stop market where a variety of products will be available with other social gathering spaces and spaces to eat and sit around.

The above is a diagramatic table of the basic necessities and spaces the market being designed will cater to.

Along with the above, the market will look at understanding how architectural solutions can be found to the waste disposal of the enormous amount of waste that is produced in a market. The proposal will look at understanding the needs of the people and the kind of spaces required. I will work on understanding market display colour psychology of people and how the market can combine it with better circulation.

A market for the future means a market that looks at making the entire shopping experience a more convenient one. A market with better infrastructure and the services looked it. A market catering to a larger audience and one with inviting spaces and enriching the entire shopping experience one will explore.

References

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