Parametrisation In the process of minimising the waste and use as much as possible of the precious material, a cutting logic was generated and the geometry was modelled in a digital environment. The geometry have been parameterised using a combination of three voronoi cells. In this way the angle of each surface can be determined by the position of a point. The red points in the diagram are the centerpoints of the voronoi cells. The green points control the green cell, the blue points control the blue cell and the yellow points control the yellow cell. Each surface of the cells are mirrors between the corresponding external point and internal (red) point. Cutting logic and optimisation By supplying a list of available material (length of parts), and another list of the parts that needs to be cut, the computer then calculates which part to cut first in order to waste as little as possible. The cutting logic was implemented in a script with the total amount of wasted material as output. This information was then used to “inform” the design by slightly changing the position of above mentioned points. An evolutionary solver was used to find an “optimal“ solution. Structural challenge Prefabricated plates The intended geometric shapes carries with them two major properties. First of all the opportunity to use the diaphragm action within the plates to stabilize the structure. The plates with angles between them will be both vertical and lateral support to each other. The other challenge is to solve the corners, which in many cases will get complicated with many edges connecting in different angles. The solution to this has to be general enough to be applicable in cases where the creases in a corner fold in two directions. To be able to use elements of different dimensions in the construction, a plate system was developed. Surfaces that carries functions such as doors or windows can be locked to a certain angle to keep their functionality. Daylight Program This surface is angled to catch as much light as possible Required area for a workshop and boat The plate is gaining its internal stability and diaphragm strength in both the interior panel and the studs and sheets of the exterior. This system has the advantage of being able to prefabricate the plates and in that way streamline the production. View The angle of one surface was locked to frame a view towards the forest for one of the windows. The system have one primary frame for each plate and connects the two plates in each edge using a kind of biscuit joint. The plates meet always in the closest edge between two plates and this edge can be either an interior or exterior edge depending on the crease. This allows the thickness of the different plates to vary individually, and adapt to the specific dimensions of the beams available. Joints Boat entrance Size of salvaged doors was predefined. An appropriate angle of entrance was chosen and locked. Prefabricated plates The plate elements are joined together with a biscuit-joint system. The frames are prepared during the prefabrication process with matching sockets on both sides of the joint. When the plates are mounted, the biscuits are inserted which allows no translation along the edge, but some rotation around it if needed. The insulation is then put inside the frame and ilong the edges and covered with the studs. Screenshots from optimisation process private void RunScript(List TargetLengths, List MeterialLibrary, List PanelTags, List MaterialTags, ref object materiallibraryout, ref object wastelengthsout, ref object wastetagsout, ref object paneltagsout, ref object materialtagsout) { List < double > WasteLengths = new List(TargetLengths.Count); List < double > WasteTags = new List(TargetLengths.Count); List < double > CutMaterialTags = new List(TargetLengths.Count); for (int x = 0; x < (TargetLengths.Count); x++) //loop through all the cutlengths needed { bool FoundWastePart = false; //resets fuondwastepart value for (int y = 0; (y < (WasteLengths.Count)) && (FoundWastePart == false); y++) //loop through the wastepart list { if (WasteLengths[y] >= TargetLengths[x]) //conditions for useful wasteparts { FoundWastePart = true; //if useful wastepart is found, the loop breaks WasteLengths[y] = (WasteLengths[y] - TargetLengths[x]); //the useful wastepart gets cut and a new, shorter wastepart gets stored on the same position in the list CutMaterialTags.Add(WasteTags[y]); } } for (int z = 0; (z < MeterialLibrary.Count) && (FoundWastePart == false); z++) { if (MeterialLibrary[z] > TargetLengths[x]) { double CutLength = MeterialLibrary[z] - TargetLengths[x]; //measures the new wastepart MeterialLibrary[z] = 0; //takes away the piece from the material library WasteLengths.Add(CutLength); //adds the wastepart length in wastepart length list WasteTags.Add(MaterialTags[x]); //adds the wastepart tag in wastepart tag list CutMaterialTags.Add(MaterialTags[x]); } } } materiallibraryout = MeterialLibrary; wastelengthsout = WasteLengths; wastetagsout = WasteTags; paneltagsout = PanelTags; materialtagsout = CutMaterialTags; } Some different generations of genomes from the evolutionary optimisation process, showing the small geometric variations Biscuit joint system tried out in physical model 9