Sir Donald Bradman The Legend A collection of Photographs Artvisory Auction Catalogue 15 February 20

Sir Donald Bradman — The Legend A collection of original black and photographs

Auction • Monday 15 February 2021

Chinese and Asian Arts Experts Ray Tregaskis Victoria Tregaskis Allan Rae Luke Guan

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SINGLE - OWNER COLLECTION AUCTIONS

Sir Donald Bradman — The Legend A collection of original black and photographs

AUCTION

Monday 15 February 2021, 6pm

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Monday 15 February

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Sir Donald Bradman – The Legend

Bradman in 1928

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Donald George Bradman was the youngest son of George and Emily (née Whatman) Bradman, and was born on 27 August 1908 at Cootamundra, New South Wales (NSW).[11] He had a brother, Victor, and three sisters—Islet, Lilian and Elizabeth May.[11] Bradman was of English heritage on both sides of his family. His grandfather Charles Andrew Bradman left Withersfield, Suffolk, for Australia.[12] When Bradman played at Cambridge in 1930 as a 21 year old on his first tour of England, he took the opportunity to trace his forebears in the region.[13] Also, one of his great-grandfathers was one of the first Italians to migrate to Australia in 1826.[14] Bradman's parents lived in the hamlet of Yeo Yeo, near Stockinbingal. His mother, Emily, gave birth to him at the Cootamundra home of Granny Scholz, a midwife.

That house is now the Bradman Birthplace Museum. Emily had hailed from Mittagong in the NSW Southern Highlands, and in 1911, when Don Bradman was about two-and-a-half years old, his parents decided to relocate to Bowral, close to Mittagong, to be closer to Emily's family and friends, as life at Yeo Yeo was proving difficult.[11][15][16] Bradman practised batting incessantly during his youth. He invented his own solo cricket game, using a cricket stump for a bat, and a golf ball.[17] A water tank, mounted on a curved brick stand, stood on a paved area behind the family home. When hit into the curved brick facing of the stand, the ball rebounded at high speed and varying angles—and Bradman would attempt to hit it again. This form of practice developed his timing and reactions to a high degree.[18] In more formal cricket, he hit his first century at the age of 12, with an undefeated 115[19] playing for Bowral Public School against Mittagong High School.[20]

Bush cricketer During the 1920–21 season, Bradman acted as scorer for the local Bowral team, captained by his uncle George Whatman. In October 1920, he filled in when the team was one man short, scoring 37* and 29* on debut. During the season, Bradman's father took him to the Sydney Cricket Ground (SCG) to watch the fifth Ashes Test match.

On that day, Bradman formed an ambition. "I shall never be satisfied", he told his father, "until I play on this ground".[21] Bradman left school in 1922 and went to work for a local real estate agent who encouraged his sporting pursuits by giving him time off when necessary. He gave up cricket in favour of tennis for two years, but resumed playing cricket in 1925–26.[22] Bradman became a regular selection for the Bowral team; several outstanding performances earned him the attention of the Sydney

daily press. Competing on matting-over-concrete pitches, Bowral played other rural towns in the Berrima District competition. Against Wingello, a team that included the future Test bowler Bill O'Reilly, Bradman made 234.[6][23] In the competition final against Moss Vale, which extended over five consecutive Saturdays, Bradman scored 320 not out.[20]During the following Australian winter (1926), an ageing Australian team lost The Ashes in England, and a number of Test players retired.[24] The New South Wales Cricket Association began a hunt for new talent. Mindful of Bradman's big scores for Bowral, the association wrote to him, requesting his attendance at a practice session in Sydney. He was subsequently chosen for the "Country Week" tournaments at both cricket and tennis, to be played during separate weeks. His boss presented him with an ultimatum: he could have only one week away from work, and therefore had to choose between the two sports.[22] He chose cricket. Bradman's performances during Country Week resulted in an invitation to play grade cricket in Sydney for St George in the 1926–27 season. He scored 110 on his debut, making his first century on a turf pitch.[25] On 1 January 1927, he turned out for the NSW second team. For the remainder of the season, Bradman travelled the 130 kilometres (81 mi) from Bowral to Sydney every Saturday to play for St George.[23]

First-class debut The next season continued the rapid rise of the "Boy from Bowral".

[20] Selected to replace the unfit Archie Jackson in the NSW team, Bradman made his first-class debut at the Adelaide Oval, aged 19. He secured the achievement of a hundred on debut, with an innings of 118 featuring what soon became his trademarks—fast footwork, calm confidence and rapid scoring.[26] In the final match of the season, he made his first century at the SCG, against the Sheffield Shield champions Victoria. Despite his potential, Bradman was not chosen for the Australian second team to tour New Zealand.[27] Bradman decided that his chances for Test selection would be improved by moving to Sydney for the 1928–29 season, when England were to tour in defence of the Ashes. Initially, he continued working in real estate, but later took a promotions job with the sporting goods retailer Mick Simmons Ltd. In the first match of the Sheffield Shield season, he scored a century in each innings against Queensland. He followed this with scores of 87 and 132 not out against the England touring team, and was rewarded with selection for the first Test, to be played at Brisbane.[22]

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amassed 636, following their 863 runs in the First Test. RS "Dick" Whitington wrote, "... he had scored only nineteen himself and these experiences appear to have provided him with food for thought".

[30] Recalled for the Third Test at the Melbourne Cricket Ground, Bradman scored 79 and 112 to become the youngest player to make a Test century,[31] although the match was still lost. Another loss followed in the Fourth Test. Bradman reached 58 in the second innings and appeared set to guide the team to victory when he was run out.[32] It was to be the only run out of his Test career. The losing margin was just 12 runs.[33]

Bradman is chaired off the ground by his opponents after scoring 452.

Test career Playing in only his tenth first-class match, Bradman, nicknamed "Braddles" by his teammates,[28] found his initial Test a harsh learning experience. Caught on a sticky wicket, Australia were all out for 66 in the second innings and lost by 675 runs (still a Test record).

[29] Following scores of 18 and 1, the selectors dropped Bradman to twelfth man for the Second Test. An injury to Bill Ponsford early in the match required Bradman to field as substitute while England

Bradman with his Wm. Sykes bat, in the early 1930s. The "Don Bradman Autograph" bat is still manufactured today by Sykes' successor company, Slazenger.

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The improving Australians did manage to win the Fifth and final Test. Bradman top-scored with 123 in the first innings, and was at the wicket in the second innings when his captain Jack Ryder hit the winning runs. Bradman completed the season with 1,690 first-class runs, averaging 93.88,[34] and his first multiple century in a Sheffield Shield match, 340 not out against Victoria, set a new ground record for the SCG.[35] Bradman averaged 113.28 in 1929–30.[34] In a trial match to select the team that would tour England, he was last man out in the first innings for 124. As his team followed on, the skipper Bill Woodfull asked Bradman to keep the pads on and open the second innings. By the end of play, he was 205 not out, on his way to 225.

Against Queensland at the SCG, Bradman set a then world record for first-class cricket by scoring 452 not out;[36] he made his runs in only 415 minutes.[22] Not long after the feat, he recalled: On 434...I had a curious intuition...I seemed to sense that the ball would be a short-pitched one on the leg-stump, and I could almost feel myself getting ready to make my shot before the ball was delivered. Sure enough, it pitched exactly where I had anticipated, and, hooking it to the square-leg boundary, I established the only record upon which I had set my heart.[37]

1930 tour of England England were favourites to win the 1930 Ashes series,[39] and if the Australians were to exceed expectations, their young batsmen, Bradman and Jackson, needed to prosper. With his elegant batting technique, Jackson appeared the brighter prospect of the pair.

[40] However, Bradman began the tour with 236 at Worcester and went on to score 1,000 first-class runs by the end of May, the fifth player (and first Australian) to achieve this rare feat.[41] In his first Test appearance in England, Bradman hit 131 in the second innings but England won the match. His batting reached a new level in the Second Test at Lord'swhere he scored 254 as Australia won and levelled the series. Later in life, Bradman rated this the best innings of his career as, "practically without exception every ball went where it was intended to go".[42] Wisden noted his fast footwork and how he hit the ball "all round the wicket with power and accuracy", as well as faultless concentration in keeping the ball on the ground.[43]

Although he was an obvious selection to tour England, Bradman's unorthodox style raised doubts that he could succeed on the slower English pitches. Percy Fender wrote:[38] ...he will always be in the category of the brilliant, if unsound, ones.

Promise there is in Bradman in plenty, though watching him does not inspire one with any confidence that he desires to take the only course which will lead him to a fulfilment of that promise. He makes a mistake, then makes it again and again; he does not correct it, or look as if he were trying to do so. He seems to live for the exuberance of the moment.

The encomiums were not confined to his batting gifts; nor did the criticism extend to his character. "Australia has unearthed a champion", said former Australian Test great Clem Hill, "self-taught, with natural ability. But most important of all, with his heart in the right place."[37] Selector Dick Jones weighed in with the observation that it was "good to watch him talking to an old player, listening attentively to everything that is said and then replying with a modest 'thank you'."[37]

Bradman (second from the right, middle row) with the 1930 team

In terms of runs scored, this performance was soon surpassed. In the Third Test, at Headingley, Bradman scored a century before lunch on 11 July, the first day of the Test match to equal the performances of Victor Trumper and Charlie Macartney.[44] In the afternoon, Bradman added another century between lunch and tea, before finishing the day on 309 not out. He remains the only Test player to pass 300 in one day's play.[45] His eventual score of 334 was a world-record, exceeding the previous mark of 325 by Andy Sandham.[46] Bradman

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dominated the Australian innings; the second-highest tally was 77 by Alan Kippax. Businessman Arthur Whitelaw later presented Bradman with a cheque for ÂŁ1,000 in appreciation of his achievement.[47] The match ended in anti-climax as poor weather prevented a result, as it also did in the Fourth Test.

In the deciding Test at The Oval, England made 405. During an innings stretching over three days due to intermittent rain, Bradman made yet another multiple century, this time 232, which helped give Australia a big lead of 290 runs. In a crucial partnership with Archie Jackson, Bradman battled through a difficult session when England fast bowler Harold Larwood bowled short on a pitch enlivened by the rain. Wisden gave this period of play only a passing mention:[48] On the Wednesday morning the ball flew about a good deal, both batsmen frequently being hit on the body...on more than one occasion each player cocked the ball up dangerously but always, as it happened, just wide of the fieldsmen.

A number of English players and commentators noted Bradman's discomfort in playing the short, rising delivery.[6] The revelation came too late for this particular match, but was to have immense significance in the next Ashes series. Australia won the match by an innings and regained the Ashes. The victory made an impact in Australia. With the economy sliding toward depression and unemployment rapidly rising, the country found solace in sporting triumph. The story of a self-taught 22-year-old from the bush who set a series of records against the old rival made Bradman a national hero.[49] The statistics Bradman achieved on the tour, especially in the Test matches, broke records for the day and some have stood the test of time. In all, Bradman scored 974 runs at an average of 139.14 during the Test series, with four centuries, including two double hundreds and a triple.[50] As of 2018, no-one has matched or exceeded 974 runs or three double centuries in one Test series; the record of 974 runs exceeds the second-best performance by 69 runs and was achieved in two fewer innings.[51] Bradman's first-class tally, 2,960 runs (at an average of 98.66 with 10 centuries), was another enduring record: the most by any overseas batsman on a tour of England.[52] On the tour, the dynamic nature of Bradman's batting contrasted sharply with his quiet, solitary off-field demeanour. He was described as aloof from his teammates and he did not offer to buy them a round of drinks, let alone share the money given to him by Whitelaw.

[8] Bradman spent a lot of his free time alone, writing, as he had sold the rights to a book. On his return to Australia, Bradman was surprised by the intensity of his reception; he became a "reluctant

hero".[8] Mick Simmons wanted to cash in on their employee's newly won fame. They asked Bradman to leave his teammates and attend official receptions they organised in Adelaide, Melbourne, Goulburn, his hometown Bowral and Sydney, where he received a brand new custom-built Chevrolet. At each stop, Bradman received a level of adulation that "embarrassed" him. This focus on individual accomplishment, in a team game, "... permanently damaged relationships with his contemporaries".[8] Commenting on Australia's victory, the team's vice-captain Vic Richardson said, "... we could have played any team without Bradman, but we could not have played the blind school without Clarrie Grimmett".[53] A modest Bradman can be heard in a 1930 recording saying "I have always endeavoured to do my best for the side, and the few centuries that have come my way have been achieved in the hope of winning matches. My one idea when going into bat was to make runs for Australia."[54]

Reluctant hero

Hundreds of onlookers gather as the Bradmans leave the church after their wedding ceremony at St Paul's Church, Burwood, 30 April 1932.

In 1930–31, against the first West Indian side to visit Australia, Bradman's scoring was more sedate than in England—although he did make 223 in 297 minutes in the Third Test at Brisbane and 152 in

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154 minutes in the following Test at Melbourne.[55] However, he scored quickly in a very successful sequence of innings against the South Africans in the Australian summer of 1931–32. For NSW against the tourists, he made 30, 135 and 219. In the Test matches, he scored 226 (277 minutes), 112 (155 minutes), 2 and 167 (183 minutes); his 299 not out in the Fourth Test, at Adelaide, set a new record for the highest score in a Test in Australia.[56][57] Australia won nine of the ten Tests played over the two series.

At this point, Bradman had played 15 Test matches since the beginning of 1930, scoring 2,227 runs at an average of 131.[58] He had played 18 innings, scoring 10 centuries, six of which had extended beyond 200.[58] His overall scoring rate was 42 runs per hour,[59] with 856 (or 38.5% of his tally) scored in boundaries.[58] Significantly, he had not hit a six,[58] which typified Bradman's attitude: if he hit the ball along the ground, then it could not be caught. During this phase of his career, his youth and natural fitness allowed him to adopt a "machine-like" approach to batting. The South African fast bowler Sandy Bell described bowling to him as, "heart-breaking ... with his sort of cynical grin, which rather reminds one of the Sphinx ... he never seems to perspire".[60]

Bodyline Within the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC), which administered English cricket at the time, few voices were more influential than "Plum" Warner's, who, when considering England's response to Bradman, wrote that it "must evolve a new type of bowler and develop fresh ideas and strange tactics to curb his almost uncanny skill". To that end, Warner orchestrated the appointment of Douglas Jardine as England captain in 1931, as a prelude to Jardine leading the 1932–33 tour to Australia, with Warner as team manager.[64] Remembering that Bradman had struggled against bouncers during his 232 at The Oval in 1930, Jardine decided to combine traditional leg theory with short-pitched bowling to combat Bradman. He settled on the Nottinghamshire fast bowlers Harold Larwood and Bill Voce as the spearheads for his tactics. In support, the England selectors chose another three pacemen for the squad. The unusually high number of fast bowlers caused a lot of comment in both countries and roused Bradman's own suspicions.[20]

Between these two seasons, Bradman seriously contemplated playing professional cricket in England with the Lancashire League club Accrington, a move that, according to the rules of the day, would have ended his Test career.[22] A consortium of three Sydney businesses offered an alternative. They devised a two-year contract whereby Bradman wrote for Associated Newspapers, broadcast on Radio 2UE and promoted the menswear retailing chain FJ Palmer and Son.[22] However, the contract increased Bradman's dependence on his public profile, making it more difficult to maintain the privacy that he ardently desired.[60] Bradman's chaotic wedding to Jessie Menzies in April 1932 epitomised these new and unwelcome intrusions into his private life. The church "was under siege all throughout the day ... uninvited guests stood on chairs and pews to get a better view"; police erected barriers that were broken down and many of those invited could not get a seat.[60] Just weeks later, Bradman joined a private team organised by Arthur Mailey to tour the United States and Canada.

[61] He travelled with his wife, and the couple treated the trip as a honeymoon. Playing 51 games in 75 days, Bradman scored 3,779 runs at 102.1, with 18 centuries. Although the standard of play was not high, the effects of the amount of cricket Bradman had played in the three previous years, together with the strains of his celebrity status, began to show on his return home.[62]

The famous duck: Bradman bowled by Bowes at the MCG, in front of a world record crowd assembled to see Bradman defeat Bodyline

Bradman had other problems to deal with at this time; among these were bouts of illness from an undiagnosed malaise which had begun during the tour of North America,[65] and that the Australian

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Board of Control had initially refused permission for him to write a column for the Sydney Sun.[65] Bradman, who had signed a two-year contract with the newspaper, threatened to withdraw from cricket to honour his contract when the board denied him permission to write; eventually, the paper released Bradman from the contract, in a victory for the board.[65] In three first-class games against England before the Tests, Bradman averaged just 17.16 in 6 innings.[66] Jardine decided to give the new tactics a trial in only one game, a fixture against an Australian XI at Melbourne. In this match, Bradman faced the leg theory and later warned local administrators that trouble was brewing if it continued.[67] He withdrew from the First Test at the Sydney Cricket Ground amid rumours that he had suffered a nervous breakdown. Despite his absence, England employed what were already becoming known as the Bodyline tactics against the Australian batsmen and won an ill-tempered match.[22] The public clamoured for the return of Bradman to defeat Bodyline: "he was the batsman who could conquer this cankerous bowling ...

'Bradmania', amounting almost to religious fervour, demanded his return".[68] Recovered from his indisposition, Bradman returned to the side in Alan Kippax's position. A world record crowd of 63,993 at the MCG saw Bradman come to the crease on the first day of the Second Test with the score at 2/67. A standing ovation ensued that delayed play for several minutes.[69] Bradman anticipated receiving a bouncer as his first ball and, as the bowler delivered, he moved across his stumps to play the hook shot. The ball failed to rise and Bradman dragged it onto his stumps; the first-ball duck was his first in a Test. The crowd fell into stunned silence as he walked off. However, Australia took a first innings lead in the match, and another record crowd on 2 January 1933 watched Bradman hit a counter-attacking second innings century. His unbeaten 103 (from 146 balls) in a team total of 191 helped set England a target of 251 to win. Bill O'Reilly and Bert Ironmonger bowled Australia to a series-levelling victory amid hopes that Bodyline was beaten.[70] The Third Test at the Adelaide Oval proved pivotal. There were angry crowd scenes after the Australian captain Bill Woodfull and wicketkeeper Bert Oldfield were hit by bouncers. An apologetic Plum Warner entered the Australian dressing room and was rebuked by Woodfull. Woodfull's remarks (that "...there are two teams out there and only one of them is playing cricket") were leaked to the press, and Warner and others attributed this to Australian opening batsman Jack Fingleton, however for many years (even after Fingleton's death) a bitter war of accusation passed between Fingleton and Bradman as to who was the real source of the leak. In a cable to the MCC,

the Australian Board of Control repeated the allegation of poor sportsmanship directed at Warner by Woodfull.[71] With the support of the MCC, England continued with Bodyline despite Australian protests. The tourists won the last three Tests convincingly and regained the Ashes. Bradman caused controversy with his own tactics. Always seeking to score, and with the leg side packed with fielders, he often backed away and hit the ball into the vacant half of the outfield with unorthodox shots reminiscent of tennis or golf.

[72] This brought him 396 runs (at 56.57) for the series and plaudits for attempting to find a solution to Bodyline, although his series average was just 57% of his career mean. Jack Fingleton was in no doubt that Bradman's game altered irrevocably as a consequence of Bodyline, writing:[73] Bodyline was specially prepared, nurtured for and expended on him and, in consequence, his technique underwent a change quicker than might have been the case with the passage of time. Bodyline plucked something vibrant from his art.

The constant glare of celebrity and the tribulations of the season forced Bradman to reappraise his life outside the game and to seek a career away from his cricketing fame.[74] Harry Hodgetts, a South Australian delegate to the Board of Control, offered Bradman work as a stockbroker if he would relocate to Adelaide and captain South Australia (SA). Unknown to the public, the SA Cricket Association (SACA) instigated Hodgetts' approach and subsidised Bradman's wage.[75] Although his wife was hesitant about moving, Bradman eventually agreed to the deal in February 1934.[76]

Declining health and a brush with death In his farewell season for NSW, Bradman averaged 132.44, his best yet.[34] He was appointed vice-captain for the 1934 tour of England.

However, "he was unwell for much of the [English] summer, and reports in newspapers hinted that he was suffering from heart trouble".[77] Although he again started with a double century at Worcester, his famed concentration soon deserted him. Wisden wrote:[78] ...there were many occasions on which he was out to wild strokes.

Indeed at one period he created the impression that, to some extent, he had lost control of himself and went in to bat with an almost complete disregard for anything in the shape of a defensive stroke.

At one stage, Bradman went 13 first-class innings without a century, the longest such spell of his career,[79] prompting suggestions that

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Bodyline had eroded his confidence and altered his technique.[78] After three Tests, the series was one–one and Bradman had scored 133 runs in five innings. The Australians travelled to Sheffield and played a warm up game before the Fourth Test. Bradman started slowly and then, "... the old Bradman [was] back with us, in the twinkling of an eye, almost".[80] He went on to make 140, with the last 90 runs coming in just 45 minutes. On the opening day of the Fourth Test at Headingley (Leeds), England were out for 200, but Australia slumped to 3/39, losing the third wicket from the last ball of the day.

[81] Listed to bat at number five, Bradman would start his innings the next day.

That evening, Bradman declined an invitation to dinner from Neville Cardus, telling the journalist that he wanted an early night because the team needed him to make a double century the next day. Cardus pointed out that his previous innings on the ground was 334, and the law of averages was against another such score. Bradman told Cardus, "I don't believe in the law of averages".[82] In the event, Bradman batted all of the second day and into the third, putting on a then world record partnership of 388 with Bill Ponsford.[83][84] When he was finally out for 304 (473 balls, 43 fours and 2 sixes), Australia had a lead of 350 runs, but rain prevented them from forcing a victory. The effort of the lengthy innings stretched Bradman's reserves of energy, and he did not play again until the Fifth Test at The Oval, the match that would decide the Ashes.[85] In the first innings at The Oval, Bradman and Ponsford recorded an even more massive partnership, this time 451 runs. It had taken them less than a month to break the record they had set at Headingley; this new world record was to last 57 years.[83] Bradman's share of the stand was 244 from 271 balls, and the Australian total of 701 set up victory by 562 runs. For the fourth time in five series, the Ashes changed hands.[86] England would not recover them again until after Bradman's retirement.

Seemingly restored to full health, Bradman blazed two centuries in the last two games of the tour. However, when he returned to London to prepare for the trip home, he experienced severe abdominal pain.

It took a doctor more than 24 hours to diagnose acute appendicitis and a surgeon operated immediately. Bradman lost a lot of blood during the four-hour procedure and peritonitis set in. Penicillin and sulphonamides were still experimental treatments at this time; peritonitis was usually a fatal condition.[87] On 25 September, the hospital issued a statement that Bradman was struggling for his life and that blood donors were needed urgently.[88]"The effect of the announcement was little short of spectacular".[87] The hospital could not deal with the number of donors, and closed its switchboard in the face of the avalanche of telephone calls generated by the news. Journalists were asked by their editors to prepare obituaries.

Teammate Bill O'Reilly took a call from King George V's secretary asking that the King be kept informed of the situation.[88] Jessie Bradman started the month-long journey to London as soon as she received the news. En route, she heard a rumour that her husband had died.[87] A telephone call clarified the situation and by the time she reached London, Bradman had begun a slow recovery.

He followed medical advice to convalesce, taking several months to return to Australia and missing the 1934–35 Australian season.[22]

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Internal politics and the Test captaincy

The captaincy was given to Vic Richardson, Bradman's predecessor as South Australian captain.[90] Cricket author Chris Harte's analysis of the situation is that a prior (unspecified) commercial agreement forced Bradman to remain in Australia.[91] Harte attributed an ulterior motive to his relocation: the off-field behaviour of Richardson and other South Australian players had displeased the South Australia Cricket Association (SACA), which was looking for new leadership.

To help improve discipline, Bradman became a committeeman of the SACA, and a selector of the South Australian and Australian teams.[92] He took his adopted state to its first Sheffield Shield title for 10 years, Bradman weighing in with personal contributions of 233 against Queensland and 357 against Victoria. He finished the season with 369 (in 233 minutes), a South Australian record, made against Tasmania. The bowler who dismissed him, Reginald Townley, would later become leader of the Tasmanian Liberal Party.[89] Australia defeated South Africa 4–0 and senior players such as Bill O'Reilly were pointed in their comments about the enjoyment of playing under Richardson's captaincy.[93] A group of players who were openly hostile toward Bradman formed during the tour. For some, the prospect of playing under Bradman was daunting, as was the knowledge that he would additionally be sitting in judgement of their abilities in his role as a selector.[94]

Bradman walking out to bat in the Third Test against England at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in 1937. His 270 runs won the match for Australia and has been rated the greatest innings of all time.

There was off-field intrigue in Australian cricket during the antipodean winter of 1935. Australia, scheduled to make a tour of South Africa at the end of the year, needed to replace the retired Bill Woodfull as captain. The Board of Control wanted Bradman to lead the team, yet, on 8 August, the board announced Bradman's withdrawal from the team due to a lack of fitness. Surprisingly, in the light of this announcement, Bradman led the South Australian team in a full programme of matches that season.[89]

To start the new season, the Test side played a "Rest of Australia" team, captained by Bradman, at Sydney in early October 1936.

The Test XI suffered a big defeat, due to Bradman's 212 and a haul of 12 wickets taken by leg-spinner Frank Ward.[95] Bradman let the members of the Test team know that despite their recent success, the team still required improvement.[94] Shortly afterwards, Bradman's first child was born on 28 October, but died the next day. He took time out of cricket for two weeks and on his return made 192 in three hours against Victoria in the last match before the beginning of the Ashes series.

The Test selectors made five changes to the team who had played in the previous Test match. Significantly, Australia's most successful bowler Clarrie Grimmett was replaced by Ward, one of four players making their debut. Bradman's role in Grimmett's omission from the team was controversial and it became a theme that dogged Bradman as Grimmett continued to be prolific in domestic cricket while his successors were ineffective—he was regarded as having finished the veteran bowler's Test career in a political purge.[96]

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The next Test, at the Adelaide Oval, was fairly even until Bradman played another patient second innings, making 212 from 395 balls.

Australia levelled the series when the erratic[102] left-arm spinner "Chuck" Fleetwood-Smith bowled Australia to victory. In the seriesdeciding Fifth Test, Bradman returned to a more aggressive style in top-scoring with 169 (off 191 balls) in Australia's 604 and Australia won by an innings.[103] Australia's achievement of winning a Test series after outright losses in the first two matches has never been repeated in Test cricket.[104]

End of an era During the 1938 tour of England, Bradman played the most consistent cricket of his career.[105] He needed to score heavily as England had a strengthened batting line-up, while the Australian bowling was overreliant on O'Reilly.[105] Grimmett was overlooked, but Jack Fingleton made the team, so the clique of anti-Bradman players remained.[8] Playing 26 innings on tour, Bradman recorded 13 centuries (a new Australian record) and again made 1,000 first-class runs before the end of May, becoming the only player to do so twice.[106] In scoring 2,429 runs, Bradman achieved the highest average ever recorded in an English season: 115.66.[105] Bradman and England captain Gubby Allen toss at the start of the 1936–37 Ashes series. The five Tests drew more than 950,000 spectators including a world record 350,534 to the Third Test at Melbourne.

Australia fell to successive defeats in the opening two Tests, Bradman making two ducks in his four innings,[97][98] and it seemed that the captaincy was affecting his form.[99] The selectors made another four changes to the team for the Third Test at Melbourne.

Bradman won the toss on New Year's Day 1937, but again failed with the bat, scoring just 13. The Australians could not take advantage of a pitch that favoured batting, and finished the day at 6/181. On the second day, rain dramatically altered the course of the game. With the sun drying the pitch (in those days, covers could not be used during matches) Bradman declared to get England in to bat while the pitch was "sticky"; England also declared to get Australia back in, conceding a lead of 124. Bradman countered by reversing his batting order to protect his run-makers while conditions improved. The ploy worked and Bradman went in at number seven. In an innings spread over three days, he battled influenza while scoring 270 off 375 balls, sharing a record partnership of 346 with Jack Fingleton,[100] and Australia went on to victory. In 2001, Wisden rated this performance as the best Test match innings of all time.[101]

Bradman (left, with his vice-captain Stan McCabe) walks out to bat at Perth, during a preliminary match to the 1938 tour of England. Bradman scored 102.

14

In the First Test, England amassed a big first innings score and looked likely to win, but Stan McCabe made 232 for Australia, a performance Bradman rated as the best he had ever seen. With Australia forced to follow-on, Bradman fought hard to ensure McCabe's effort was not in vain, and he secured the draw with 144 not out.[107] It was the slowest Test hundred of his career and he played a similar innings of 102 not out in the next Test as Australia struggled to another draw.[108] Rain completely washed out the Third Test at Old Trafford.[109] Australia's opportunity came at Headingley, a Test described by Bradman as the best he ever played in.[110] England batted first and made 223. During the Australian innings, Bradman backed himself by opting to bat on in poor light conditions, reasoning that Australia could score more runs in bad light on a good pitch than on a rain affected pitch in good light, when he had the option to go off.[111] He scored 103 out of a total of 242 and the gamble paid off, as it meant there was sufficient time to push for victory when an England collapse left them a target of only 107 to win. Australia slumped to 4/61, with Bradman out for 16. An approaching storm threatened to wash the game out, but the poor weather held off and Australia managed to secure the win, a victory that retained the Ashes.[111] For the only time in his life, the tension of the occasion got to Bradman and he could not watch the closing stages of play, a reflection of the pressure that he felt all tour: he described the captaincy as "exhausting" and said he "found it difficult to keep going".[110] The euphoria of securing the Ashes preceded Australia's heaviest defeat. At The Oval, England amassed a world record of 7/903 and their opening batsman Len Hutton scored an individual world record, by making 364.[112][113] In an attempt to relieve the burden on his bowlers, Bradman took a rare turn at bowling. During his third over, he fractured his ankle and teammates carried him from the ground.

[112] With Bradman injured and Fingleton unable to bat because of a leg muscle strain,[112][114] Australia were thrashed by an innings and 579 runs, which remains the largest margin in Test cricket history.[115]Unfit to complete the tour, Bradman left the team in the hands of vicecaptain Stan McCabe. At this point, Bradman felt that the burden of captaincy would prevent him from touring England again, although he did not make his doubts public.[110] Despite the pressure of captaincy, Bradman's batting form remained supreme. An experienced, mature player now commonly called "The Don" had replaced the blitzing style of his early days as the "Boy from Bowral".[116] In 1938–39, he led South Australia to the Sheffield Shield and made a century in six consecutive innings to equal CB Fry's world record.[117] Bradman totalled 21 first-class centuries in 34 innings, from

the beginning of the 1938 tour of England (including preliminary games in Australia) until early 1939.

The next season, Bradman made an abortive bid to join the Victoria state side. The Melbourne Cricket Club advertised the position of club secretary and he was led to believe that if he applied, he would get the job.[118] The position, which had been held by Hugh Trumble until his death in August 1938, was one of the most prestigious jobs in Australian cricket. The annual salary of £1,000 would make Bradman financially secure while allowing him to retain a connection with the game.[119] On 18 January 1939, the club's committee, on the casting vote of the chairman, chose former Test batsman Vernon Ransford over Bradman.[119][120] The 1939–40 season was Bradman's most productive ever for SA: 1,448 runs at an average of 144.8.[34] He made three double centuries, including 251 not out against NSW, the innings that he rated the best he ever played in the Sheffield Shield, as he tamed Bill O'Reilly at the height of his form.[121]However, it was the end of an era. The outbreak of World War II led to the indefinite postponement of all cricket tours, and the suspension of the Sheffield Shield competition.[122]

Troubled war years Bradman joined the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) on 28 June 1940 and was passed fit for air crew duty.[123] The RAAF had more recruits than it could equip and train and Bradman spent four months in Adelaide before the Governor-General of Australia, Lord Gowrie, persuaded Bradman to transfer to the army, a move that was criticised as a safer option for him.[8] Given the rank of Lieutenant, he was posted to the Army School of Physical Training at Frankston, Victoria, to act as a divisional supervisor of physical training. The exertion of the job aggravated his chronic muscular problems, diagnosed as fibrositis. Surprisingly, in light of his batting prowess, a routine army test revealed that Bradman had poor eyesight.[124] Invalided out of service in June 1941, Bradman spent months recuperating, unable even to shave himself or comb his hair due to the extent of the muscular pain he suffered. He resumed stockbroking during 1942. In his biography of Bradman, Charles Williams expounded the theory that the physical problems were psychosomatic, induced by stress and possibly depression; Bradman read the book's manuscript and did not disagree.[125] Had any cricket been played at this time, he would not have been available. Although he found some relief in 1945 when referred to the Melbourne masseur

15

Ern Saunders, Bradman permanently lost the feeling in the thumb and index finger of his (dominant) right hand.[126]

The ghost of a once great cricketer"

In June 1945, Bradman faced a financial crisis when the firm of Harry Hodgetts collapsed due to fraud and embezzlement.[127] Bradman moved quickly to set up his own business, utilising Hodgetts' client list and his old office in Grenfell Street, Adelaide. The fallout led to a prison term for Hodgetts, and left a stigma attached to Bradman's name in the city's business community for many years.[128] However, the SA Cricket Association had no hesitation in appointing Bradman as their delegate to the Board of Control in place of Hodgetts. Now working alongside some of the men he had battled in the 1930s, Bradman quickly became a leading light in the administration of the game. With the resumption of international cricket, he was once more appointed a Test selector, and played a major role in planning for post-war cricket.[129]"

Bradman and Barnes leave the field for an adjournment as both head towards 234.

Bradman's high backlift and lengthy forward stride were characteristic.

In 1945–46, Bradman suffered regular bouts of fibrositis while coming to terms with increased administrative duties and the establishment of his business.[130] He played for South Australia in two matches to help with the re-establishment of first-class cricket and later described his batting as "painstaking".[131] Batting against the Australian Services cricket team, Bradman scored 112 in less than two hours, yet Dick Whitington (playing for the Services) wrote, "I have seen today the ghost of a once great cricketer".[132] Bradman declined a tour of New Zealand and spent the winter of 1946 wondering whether he had played his last match. "With the English team due to arrive for the 1946–47 Ashes series, the media and the public were anxious to know if Bradman would lead Australia."[133] His doctor recommended against a return to the game.[134] Encouraged by his wife, Bradman agreed to play in lead-up fixtures to the Test series.[135] After hitting two centuries, Bradman made himself available for the First Test at The Gabba.

16

Controversy emerged on the first day of the First Test at Brisbane.

After compiling an uneasy 28 runs, Bradman hit a ball to the gully fieldsman, Jack Ikin. "An appeal for a catch was denied in the umpire's contentious ruling that it was a bump ball".[136] At the end of the over, England captain Wally Hammond spoke with Bradman and criticised him for not "walking"; "from then on the series was a cricketing war just when most people desired peace", Whitington wrote.[137] Bradman regained his finest pre-war form in making 187, followed by 234 during the Second Test at Sydney (Sid Barnes also scored 234 during the innings, many in a still standing 405 run 5th Wicket partnership with Bradman. Barnes later recalled that he purposely got out on 234 because "it wouldn't be right for someone to make more runs than Bradman"). Australia won both matches by an innings. Jack Fingleton speculated that had the decision at Brisbane gone against him, Bradman would have retired, such were his fitness problems.[138] In the remainder of the series, Bradman made three half-centuries in six innings, but was unable to make another century; nevertheless, his team won handsomely, 3–0. He was the leading batsman on either side, with an average of 97.14. Nearly 850,000 spectators watched the Tests, which helped lift public spirits after the war.[139]

Century of centuries and "The Invincibles" India made its first tour of Australia in the 1947–48 season. On 15 November, Bradman made 172 against them for an Australian XI at Sydney, his 100th first-class century.[140] The first non-Englishman to achieve the milestone, Bradman remains the only Australian to have done so.[141] In five Tests, he scored 715 runs (at 178.75 average). His last double century (201) came at Adelaide, and he scored a century in each innings of the Melbourne Test.[142]On the eve of the Fifth Test, he announced that the match would be his last in Australia, although he would tour England as a farewell.[143] Australia had assembled one of the great teams of cricket history.

[144] Bradman made it known that he wanted to go through the tour unbeaten,[59] a feat never before accomplished.[145] English spectators were drawn to the matches knowing that it would be their last opportunity to see Bradman in action. RC Robertson-Glasgow observed of Bradman that:[34] Next to Mr. Winston Churchill, he was the most celebrated man in England during the summer of 1948. His appearances throughout the country were like one continuous farewell matinée. At last his batting showed human fallibility. Often, especially at the start of the innings, he played where the ball wasn't, and spectators rubbed their eyes.

Despite his waning powers, Bradman compiled 11 centuries on the tour, amassing 2,428 runs (average 89.92).[34] His highest score of the tour (187) came against Essex, when Australia compiled a world record of 721 runs in a day. In the Tests, he scored a century at Trent Bridge, but the performance most like his pre-war exploits came in the Fourth Test at Headingley. England declared on the last morning of the game, setting Australia a world record 404 runs to win in only 345 minutes on a heavily worn pitch. In partnership with Arthur Morris (182), Bradman reeled off 173 not out and the match was won with 15 minutes to spare. The journalist Ray Robinson called the victory "the 'finest ever' in its conquest of seemingly insuperable odds".[146] In the final Test at The Oval, Bradman walked out to bat in Australia's first innings. He received a standing ovation from the crowd and three cheers from the opposition.[147] His Test batting average stood at 101.39.[148] Facing the wrist-spin of Eric Hollies,[149] Bradman pushed forward to the second ball that he faced, was deceived by a googly, and bowled between bat and pad for a duck.[150] An England batting collapse resulted in an innings defeat, denying Bradman the opportunity to bat again and so his career average finished at 99.94;[147][151][152] if he had scored just four runs in his last innings, it would have been 100. A story developed over the years that claimed Bradman missed the ball because of tears in his eyes,[152] a claim Bradman denied for the rest of his life.[153] The Australian team won the Ashes 4–0, completed the tour unbeaten, and entered history as "The Invincibles".[154] Just as Bradman's legend grew, rather than diminished, over the years, so too has the reputation of the 1948 team. For Bradman, it was the most personally fulfilling period of his playing days, as the divisiveness of the 1930s had passed. He wrote:[155] Knowing the personnel, I was confident that here at last was the great opportunity which I had longed for. A team of cricketers whose respect and loyalty were unquestioned, who would regard me in a fatherly sense and listen to my advice, follow my guidance and not question my handling of affairs...there are no longer any fears that they will query the wisdom of what you do. The result is a sense of freedom to give full reign to your own creative ability and personal judgment.

With Bradman now retired from professional cricket, RC RobertsonGlasgow wrote of the English reaction "... a miracle has been removed from among us. So must ancient Italy have felt when she heard of the death of Hannibal".[34]

17

Statistical summary Test match performance This is the complete graphical representation of the test cricket record of Don Bradman. Individual innings are represented by the blue and red (not out) bars; the green line is his career batting average. Current as of 8 January 2019.[156]

Batting[157]

Bowling[158]

Opposition

Matches

Runs

Average

High Score

100 / 50

Runs

Wickets

Average

Best (Inns)

England

37

5,028

89.78

334

19/12

51

1

51.00

1/23

India

5

715

178.75

201

4/1

4

0

–

–

South Africa

5

806

201.50

299*

4/0

2

0

–

–

West Indies

5

447

74.50

223

2/0

15

1

15.00

1/8

Overall

52

6,996

99.94

334

29/13

72

2

36.00

1/8

First-class performance Innings

Not Out

Highest

Aggregate

Average

100s

100s/inns

Ashes Tests

63

7

334

5,028

89.78

19

30.2%

All Tests

80

10

334

6,996

99.94

29

36.3%

Sheffield Shield

96

15

452*

8,926

110.19

36

37.5%

All First Class

338

43

452*

28,067

95.14

117

34.6%

Grade

93

17

303

6,598

86.80

28

30.1%

All Second Class

331

64

320*

22,664

84.80

94

28.4%

669

107

452*

50,731

90.27

211

31.5%

Grand Total Statistics from Bradman Museum.

[159]

18

Test records

Cricket context

Bradman still holds the following significant records for Test match cricket:

Completed Test career batting averages

•

Don Bradman (AUS)

99.94

Adam Voges (AUS)

61.87

Highest career batting average (minimum 20 innings): 99.94[160] Highest series batting average (minimum 4-Test series): 201.50 (1931–32); also second-highest: 178.75 (1947–48)[161]Highest Test batting rating: 961.[162]

Graeme Pollock (RSA)

60.97

•

Highest ratio of centuries per innings played: 36.25% (29 centuries from 80 innings)[163]

George Headley (WI)

60.83

•

Highest ratio of double centuries per innings played: 15.0% (12 double centuries from 80 innings)[164]

Herbert Sutcliffe (ENG)

60.73

•

Highest 5th wicket partnership: 405 (with Sid Barnes, 1946–47)[165]

Eddie Paynter (ENG)

59.23

•

Highest score by a number 7 batsman: 270 (1936–37)[166]

Ken Barrington (ENG)

58.67

•

Most runs against one opponent: 5,028 (v England)

•

Most runs in one series: 974 (1930)[168]

Everton Weekes (WI)

58.61

•

Most times of scoring a century in a single session of play: 6 (1 pre lunch, 2 lunch-tea, 3 tea-stumps)[169]

Wally Hammond (ENG)

58.45

Garfield Sobers (WI)

57.78

•

Most runs in one day's play: 309 (1930)[170]

•

Most double centuries: 12[164]

•

Most double centuries in a series: 3 (1930)[171]

•

Most triple centuries: 2 (equal with Chris Gayle, Brian Lara and Virender Sehwag)[172]

•

Most consecutive matches in which he made a century: 6 (the last three Tests in 1936–37, and the first three Tests in 1938)[173]

•

Fewest matches required to reach 1000 (7 matches),[174] 2000 (15 matches),[175] 3000 (23 matches),[176] 4000 (31 matches),[177] 5000 (36 matches)[178] and 6000 (45 matches)[179] Test runs.

•

Fewest innings required to reach 2000 (22 innings),[175] 3000 (33 innings),[176] 4000 (48 innings),[177] 5000 (56 innings)[178] and 6000 (68 innings)[179]Test runs.

[167]

•

First batsman in Test history to score 2 triple centuries.

•

First and only batsman to have remained unbeaten on 299 in a Test innings.[180]

•

First batsman to score a Test triple century (304) at number 5 position; this remains the second highest Test score for any number 5 batsman.[181]

Source: Cricinfo Qualification: 20 completed innings, career completed.

Bradman's Test batting average of 99.94 has become one of cricket's most famous, iconic statistics.[42] No other player who has played more than 20 Test match innings has finished their career with a Test average of more than 62.[160] Bradman scored centuries at a rate better than one every three innings—in 80 Test innings, Bradman scored 29 centuries.[182] Only 11 players have since surpassed his total, all at a much slower rate: the next fastest player to reach 29 centuries, Sachin Tendulkar, required nearly twice as long (148 innings) to do so.[182] In addition, Bradman converted 41% of his centuries into double centuries:[164] his total of 12 Test double hundreds—comprising 15% of his innings—remains the most achieved by any Test batsman and was accumulated faster than any other total.[164] For comparison, the next highest totals of Test double hundreds are Kumar Sangakkara's 11 in 223 innings (4.9%), Brian Lara's 9 in 232 innings (3.9%), and Wally Hammond's 7 in 140 innings (5%); the next highest rate of scoring Test double centuries was achieved by Vinod Kambli, whose 21 innings included 2 double centuries (9.5%).[164]

19

World sport context Wisden hailed Bradman as, "the greatest phenomenon in the history of cricket, indeed in the history of all ball games".[3] Statistician Charles Davis analysed the statistics for several prominent sportsmen by comparing the number of standard deviations that they stand above the mean for their sport.[183] The top performers in his selected sports are:[184] Athlete

Sport

Statistic

Standard deviations

Bradman

Cricket

Batting average

4.4

PelĂŠ

Association football

Goals per game

3.7

Ty Cobb

Baseball

Batting average

3.6

Jack Nicklaus

Golf

Major titles

3.5

Michael Jordan

Basketball

Points per game

3.4

The statistics show that "no other athlete dominates an international sport to the extent that Bradman does cricket".[4] In order to post a similarly dominant career statistic as Bradman, a baseball batter would need a career batting average of .392, while a basketball player would need to score an average of 43.0 points per game over their career.[184] The respective records are .366 and 30.1.[184] When Bradman died, Time allocated a space in its "Milestones" column for an obituary:[185] ...Australian icon considered by many to be the pre-eminent sportsman of all time...One of Australia's most beloved heroes, he was revered abroad as well. When Nelson Mandela was released after 27 years in prison, his first question to an Australian visitor was, "Is Sir Donald Bradman still alive?"

Playing style

Bradman hooks English left-arm fast bowler Bill Voce during the 1936–37 series. The position of Bradman's left foot in relation to the stumps is an example of how he used the crease when batting.

Bradman's early development was shaped by the high bounce of the ball on matting-over-concrete pitches. He favoured "horizontal-bat" shots (such as the hook, pull and cut) to deal with the bounce and devised a unique grip on the bat handle that would accommodate these strokes without compromising his ability to defend. Employing a side-on stance at the wicket, Bradman kept perfectly still as the bowler ran in.[186] His backswing had a "crooked" look that troubled his early critics, but he resisted entreaties to change.[187] His backswing kept his hands in close to the body, leaving him perfectly balanced and able to change his stroke mid-swing, if need be.[188] Another telling factor was the decisiveness of Bradman's footwork. He "used the crease" by either coming metres down the pitch to drive, or playing so far back that his feet ended up level with the stumps when playing the cut, hook or pull.[189] Bradman's game evolved with experience. He temporarily adapted his technique during the Bodyline series, deliberately moving around the crease in an attempt to score from the short-pitched deliveries.

[190] At his peak, in the mid-1930s, he had the ability to switch between a defensive and attacking approach as the occasion demanded. After the Second World War, he adjusted to bat within the limitations set

20

by his age, becoming a steady "accumulator" of runs.[191] However, Bradman never truly mastered batting on sticky wickets. Wisden commented, "[i]f there really is a blemish on his amazing record it is ... the absence of a significant innings on one of those 'sticky dogs' of old".[3]

After cricket After his return to Australia, Bradman played in his own Testimonial match at Melbourne, scoring his 117th and last century, and receiving £9,342 in proceeds.[192] In the 1949 New Year Honours, he was appointed Knight Bachelor[193][194] for his services to the game, becoming the only Australian cricketer ever to be knighted.[195] He commented that he "would have preferred to remain just Mister".

[19] The following year he published a memoir, Farewell to Cricket.[196] Bradman accepted offers from the Daily Mail to travel with, and write about, the 1953 and 1956 Australian teams in England. The Art of Cricket, his final book published in 1958, is an instructional manual.[8] Bradman retired from his stockbroking business in June 1954, depending on the "comfortable" income earned as a board member of 16 publicly listed companies.[197] His highest profile affiliation was with Argo Investments Limited, where he was chairman for a number of years. Charles Williams commented that, "[b]usiness was excluded on medical grounds, [so] the only sensible alternative was a career in the administration of the game which he loved and to which he had given most of his active life".[198] Bradman was honoured at a number of cricket grounds, notably when his portrait was hung in the Long Room at Lord's; until Shane Warne's portrait was added in 2005, Bradman was one of just three Australians to be honoured in this way.[199][200][201] Bradman inaugurated a "Bradman Stand" at the Sydney Cricket Ground in January 1974;[202] the Adelaide Oval also opened a Bradman Stand in 1990, which housed new media and corporate facilities.[203] The Oval's Bradman Stand was demolished in 2013 as the stadium underwent an extensive re-development.[204] Later in 1974, he attended a Lord's Taverners function in London where he experienced heart problems,[205] which forced him to limit his public appearances to select occasions only. With his wife, Bradman returned to Bowral in 1976, where the new cricket ground was named in his honour.[206] He gave the keynote speech at the historic Centenary Test at Melbourne in 1977.[207]

On 16 June 1979, the Australian government awarded Bradman the nation's second-highest civilian honour at that time, Companion of the Order of Australia (AC), "in recognition of service to the sport of cricket and cricket administration".[208] In 1980, he resigned from the ACB, to lead a more secluded life.

Administrative career In addition to acting as one of South Australia's delegates to the Board of Control from 1945 to 1980, Bradman was a committee member of the SACA between 1935 and 1986. It is estimated that he attended 1,713 SACA meetings during this half century of service.

Aside from two years in the early 1950s, he filled a selector's berth for the Test team between 1936 and 1971.[209] Cricket saw an increase in defensive play during the 1950s. As a selector, Bradman favoured attacking, positive cricketers who entertained the paying public. He formed an alliance with Australian captain Richie Benaud, seeking more attractive play,[210] with some success.[211] He served two high-profile periods as chairman of the board of Control, in 1960–63 and 1969–72.[212] During the first, he dealt with the growing prevalence of illegal bowling actions in the game, a problem that he adjudged "the most complex I have known in cricket, because it is not a matter of fact but of opinion".[8] The major controversy of his second stint was a proposed tour of Australia by South Africa in 1971–72. On Bradman's recommendation, the series was cancelled.[213] Cricket journalist Michael Coward said of Bradman as an administrator: Bradman was more than a cricket player nonpareil. He was...an astute and progressive administrator; an expansive thinker, philosopher and writer on the game. Indeed, in some respects, he was as powerful, persuasive and influential a figure off the ground as he was on it.[214] In the late 1970s, Bradman played an important role during the World Series Cricket schism as a member of a special Australian Cricket Board committee formed to handle the crisis. He was criticised for not airing an opinion, but he dealt with World Series Cricket far more pragmatically than other administrators.[215] Richie Benaud described Bradman as "a brilliant administrator and businessman", warning that he was not to be underestimated.[216]As Australian captain, Ian Chappell fought with Bradman over the issue of player remuneration in the early 1970s and has suggested that Bradman was parsimonious:[217]

21

I...thought to myself, 'Ian, did you just ask Bradman to fill your wallet with money?' Bradman's harangue confirmed my suspicions that the players were going to have a hard time extracting more money from the ACB.

Later years and death After his wife's death in 1997, Bradman suffered "a discernible and not unexpected wilting of spirit".[218] The next year, on his 90th birthday, he hosted a meeting with his two favourite modern players, Shane Warne and Sachin Tendulkar,[219] but he was not seen in his familiar place at the Adelaide Oval again.[220] Hospitalised with pneumonia in December 2000, he returned home in the New Year and died there on 25 February 2001, aged 92.[221] A memorial service to mark Bradman's life was held on 25 March 2001 at St Peter's Anglican Cathedral, Adelaide. The service was attended by a host of former and current Test cricketers, as well as Australia's then prime minister, John Howard, leader of the opposition Kim Beazley and former prime minister Bob Hawke. Eulogies were given by Richie Benaud and Governor-General Sir William Deane. The service was broadcast live on ABC Television to a viewing audience of 1.45 million.[222] A private service for family and friends was earlier held at the Centennial Park Cemetery in the suburb of Pasadena, with many people lining both Greenhill and Goodwood Roads to pay their respects as his funeral motorcade passed by.

Sydney Barnes, W. G. Grace, Jack Hobbs, Tom Richardson and Victor Trumper.

On 10 December 1985, Bradman was the first of 120 inaugural inductees into the Sport Australia Hall of Fame.[227] He spoke of his philosophy for considering the stature of athletes: When considering the stature of an athlete or for that matter any person, I set great store in certain qualities which I believe to be essential in addition to skill. They are that the person conducts his or her life with dignity, with integrity, courage, and perhaps most of all, with modesty. These virtues are totally compatible with pride, ambition, and competitiveness.

Although modest about his own abilities and generous in his praise of other cricketers, Bradman was fully aware of the talents he possessed as a player;[228] there is some evidence that he sought to influence his legacy.[229] During the 1980s and 1990s, Bradman carefully selected the people to whom he gave interviews,[229] assisting Michael Page, Roland Perry and Charles Williams, who all produced biographical works about him. Bradman also agreed to an extensive interview for ABC radio, broadcast as Bradman: The Don Declares in eight 55-minute episodes during 1988.[230]

Legacy Cricket writer David Frith summed up the paradox of the continuing fascination with Bradman:[223] As the years passed, with no lessening of his reclusiveness, so his public stature continued to grow, until the sense of reverence and unquestioning worship left many of his contemporaries scratching their heads in wondering admiration.

As early as 1939, Bradman had a Royal Navy ship named after him.

Built as a fishing trawler in 1936, HMS Bradman was taken over by the Admiralty in 1939,[224] but was sunk by German aircraft the following year.[225] In the 1963 edition of Wisden Cricketers' Almanack, Bradman was selected by Neville Cardus as one the Six Giants of the Wisden Century. This was a special commemorative selection requested by Wisden for its 100th edition.[226] The other five players chosen were:

The Bradman Stand (named in 1990) at the Adelaide Oval

The most significant of these legacy projects was the Bradman Museum, opened in 1989 at the Bradman Oval in Bowral.[231] This organisation was reformed in 1993 as a non-profit charitable Trust, called the Bradman Foundation.[232] In 2010, it was expanded and rebranded as the International Cricket Hall of Fame.

When the Australian Cricket Hall of Fame was created in Melbourne in 1996, Bradman was made one of its 10 inaugural members.[233] In 2000, Bradman was selected by cricket experts as one of five Wisden

22

Cricketers of the Century. Each of the 100 members of the panel were able to select five cricketers: all 100 voted for Bradman.[234]The ICC Cricket Hall of Fame inducted him on 19 November 2009.[235] Bradman's life and achievements were recognised in Australia with two notable issues. Three years before he died, he became the first living Australian to be featured on an Australian postage stamp.[236] After his death, the Australian Government produced a 20-centcoin to commemorate his life.[237] On 27 August 2018, to celebrate 110 years since his birth, Bradman was commemorated with a Google Doodle.[238] To mark 150 years of the Cricketers' Almanack, Wisden named him as captain of an all-time Test World XI.[239] In 1999, Bradman was named in the six man shortlist for BBC Sports Personality of the Century.[240] Asteroid 2472 Bradman discovered by LuboĹĄ Kohoutek is named in his honour.[241]

Family life

Bradman first met Jessie Martha Menzies in 1920 when she boarded with the Bradman family, to be closer to school in Bowral. The couple married at St Paul's Anglican Church at Burwood, Sydney on 30 April 1932.[22] The two had an impeccable marriage and were both devoted to each other.[242] During their 65-year marriage, Jessie was "shrewd, reliable, selfless, and above all, uncomplicated...she was the perfect foil to his concentrated, and occasionally mercurial character".

[243] Bradman paid tribute to his wife numerous times, once saying succinctly, "I would never have achieved what I achieved without Jessie".[244] The Bradmans lived in the same modest, suburban house in Holden Street, Kensington Park in Adelaide for all but the first three years of their married life.[245] They experienced personal tragedy in raising their children: their first-born son died as an infant in 1936,[246] their second son, John (born in 1939) contracted polio,[247] and their daughter, Shirley, born in 1941, had cerebral palsy from birth.[248] His family name proved a burden for John Bradman; he legally changed his last name to Bradsen in 1972. Although claims were made that he became estranged from his father, it was more a matter of "the pair inhabit[ing] different worlds", and the two remained in contact through the years.[249] After the cricketer's death, a collection of personal letters written by Bradman to his close friend Rohan Rivett between 1953 and 1977 was released and gave researchers new insights into Bradman's family life, including the strain between father and son.[250] Bradman's reclusiveness in later life is partly attributable to the ongoing health problems of his wife, particularly following the open-heart surgery Jessie underwent in her 60s.[205] Lady Bradman died in 1997, aged 88, from cancer.[251] This had a dispiriting effect on Bradman,[252] but the relationship with his son improved, to the extent that John resolved to change his name back to Bradman.[253][254] Since his father's death, John Bradman has become the spokesperson for the family and has been involved in defending the Bradman legacy in a number of disputes.[255][256] The relationship between Bradman and his wider family is less clear, although nine months after Bradman's death, his nephew Paul Bradman criticised him as a "snob" and a "loner" who forgot his connections in Bowral and who failed to attend the funerals of Paul's mother and father.[257]

Bradman with wife (left) in 1938 near Maidenhead, England

23

In popular culture

Lumsdaine.[268] In 2000, the Australian Government made it illegal for the names of corporations to suggest a link to "Sir Donald Bradman", if such a link does not in fact exist.[269] Other entities with similar protection are the Australian and foreign governments, Saint Mary MacKillop, the Royal Family and the Returned and Services League of Australia.[270]

References

Bradman statue outside the Adelaide Oval

Bradman's name has become an archetypal name for outstanding excellence, both within cricket and in the wider world. The term Bradmanesque has been coined and is used both within and outside cricketing circles.[258][259][260]Steve Waugh described Sri Lankan Muttiah Muralitharan as "the Don Bradman of bowling".[261] Bradman has been the subject of more biographies than any other Australian, apart from the bushranger Ned Kelly.[262] Bradman himself wrote four books: Don Bradman's Book–The Story of My Cricketing Life with Hints on Batting, Bowling and Fielding (1930), My Cricketing Life (1938), Farewell to Cricket (1950) and The Art of Cricket(1958).[19] The story of the Bodyline series was retold in a 1984 television miniseries, with Gary Sweet portraying Bradman.[263] Bradman is immortalised in three popular songs from different eras, "Our Don Bradman" (1930s, by Jack O'Hagan),[264] "Bradman" (1980s, by Paul Kelly),[265] and "Sir Don", (a tribute by John Williamson performed at Bradman's memorial service).[266] Bradman recorded several songs accompanying himself and others on piano in the early 1930s, including "Every Day Is A Rainbow Day For Me",[267] with Jack

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"The Bradman Trail". Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 19 May 2008.

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Coleman, Robert (1993): Seasons in the Sun: the Story of the Victorian Cricket Association, Hargreen Publishing Company. ISBN 0-949905-59-3.

246.

"Question: What were the difficulties faced in Sir Donald Bradmans life?". Bradman Museum. Archived from the original on 31 August 2007. Retrieved 23 August 2008.

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Davis, Charles (2000): The Best Of the Best: A New Look at the Great Cricketers and Changing Times, ABC Books. ISBN 0-7333-0899-6.

247.

Baum, Greg (21 October 2004). "Just a few tears as Miller's tale celebrated". The Age. Melbourne. Retrieved 19 May 2008.

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Dunstan, Keith (1988, rev. ed.): The Paddock That Grew, Hutchinson Australia. ISBN 0-09-169170-2.

248.

"Death of Sir Donald Bradman". Parliament of New South Wales. Archived from the original on 7 September 2008. Retrieved 19 May 2008.

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Eason, Alan (2004): The A-Z of Bradman, ABC Books. ISBN 0-7333-1517-8.

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249.

Eason (2004), p 56.

Fingleton, Jack (1949): Brightly Fades the Don, 1985 Pavilion Library reprint. ISBN 0-907516-69-6.

250.

Wallace, (2004), Chapter 6.

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Frith, David (2002):Bodyline Autopsy, ABC Books. ISBN 0-7333-1321-3.

251.

"Bradman dies at 92". BBC Sport. 26 February 2001. Retrieved 19 May2008.

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Gibbs, Barry (2001): My Cricket Journey, Wakefield Press. ISBN 1-86254-569-3.

252.

Gilmore, Heath; O'Rourke, Jim; Dasey, Daniel (12 November 2000). "I'm sorry Sir Don, it wasn't cricket; Bradman letters auction 'betrayal' brings apology to Australian icon". Herald Sun. Sydney. p. 3.

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Harte, Chris (1993): A History of Australian Cricket, André Deutsch. ISBN 0-23398825-4.

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Haigh, Gideon. "Sir Donald Bradman at 100." The Monthly, August 2008.

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Haigh, Gideon (1993): The Cricket War – the Inside Story of Kerry Packer's World Series Cricket, Text Publishing Company. ISBN 1-86372-027-8.

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Hutchins, Brett (2002): Don Bradman: Challenging the Myth, Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-82384-6.

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O'Reilly, Bill (1985): Tiger – 60 Years of Cricket, William Collins. ISBN 0-00-217477-4.

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McGilvray, Alan & Tasker, Norman (1985): The Game Is Not the Same, ABC Books.

ISBN 978-0-642-52738-7.

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Page, Michael (1983): Bradman – The Illustrated Biography, Macmillan Australia. ISBN 0-333-35619-5.

253.

Duffy, Michael (8 January 2000). "The Don's son takes back family name; A Bradman Once Again". The Advertiser. Adelaide. p. 1.

254.

Sir Donald Bradman: Living in the shadow of The Don's fame, Australian Story, ABC, 27 July 2015

255.

"Feeling pretty average? Slam down a Bradman". smh.com.au. 14 October 2005.

Retrieved 19 May 2008.

256.

"PM — Son warns of against Bradman worship". ABC. Retrieved 19 May 2008.

257.

Eason (2004), p 57.

258.

"Bradmanesque definition and meaning - Collins English Dictionary". www. collinsdictionary.com.

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259.

Guha, Ramachandra (30 June 2016). The Picador Book of Cricket. Pan Macmillan.

ISBN 9781509841400 – via Google Books.

Perry, Roland (1995): The Don – A Biography of Sir Donald Bradman, Macmillan. ISBN 0-7329-0827-2.

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260. "Market in Bradmanesque form". www.capitalmarket.co.in. 7 February 2007.

Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 2 March2009.

Robinson, Ray (1981 rev. ed.): On Top Down Under, Cassell Australia. ISBN 0-72697381-5.

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261.

Rosenwater, Irving (1978): Sir Donald Bradman – A Biography, Batsford. ISBN 0-71340664-X.

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Wallace, Christine (2004): The Private Don, Allen & Unwin. ISBN 978-1-74175-158-1.

•

Whitington, RS (1974): The Book of Australian Test Cricket 1877–1974, Wren Publishing.

ISBN 0-85885-197-0.

Perrin, Andrew (4 October 2004). "Asia's Heroes — Muttiah Muralitharan". Time.

Archived from the original on 16 September 2010. Retrieved 23 August 2008.

262.

Eason (2004), p 184.

263.

Crook, Frank (8 February 2008). "Real life drama on TV". The Daily Telegraph.

Archived from the original on 7 March 2009. Retrieved 24 June 2008.

•

264.

"Our Don Bradman (music): a snappy fox trot song / by Jack O'Hagan". Music Australia. National Library of Australia. Retrieved 20 May 2008.

Williams, Charles (1996): Bradman: An Australian Hero, 2001 Abacus reprint. ISBN 0-349-11475-7.

•

Wisden Cricketers' Almanack: various editions, accessed via ESPN Cricinfo

265.

"Bradman". Under the Sun. Archived from the original on 21 February 2014.

Retrieved 15 February 2014.

266.

"Greats attend Bradman tribute". BBC Sport. 25 March 2001. Retrieved 23 August 2008.

267.

"Dimensions transcript of interview with Kamahl". Australia Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 22 October 2008. Retrieved 17 June 2008.

268.

"BRADMAN, SONGWRITER". The Sun (1447). Sydney. 21 December 1930. p. 17.

Retrieved 3 March 2018 – via National Library of Australia.

269.

"Corporations Amendment Regulations 2000 (No 8)". Corporations Regulations 2001. Retrieved 17 June 2008.

270.

"Corporations Regulations 2001". Retrieved 17 June 2008.

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Bradman pads up 13/3/1940

Bradman’s 150th century, receiving Keith Millers handshake

original black and white photograph 23 x 16cm

unique original black and white photograph 14 x 19cm

$500–1,000

$500–1,000

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN Bradman and Les Favell Exiting the Adelaide oval April 5 1987 during a testimonial match for the ailing Les Favell unique original black and white photograph 14 x 23.5cm $300–500

When it was discovered that Les Favell was suffering from cancer, the South Australian Cricket Association, in a gesture of respect and support, arranged for a Testimonial match for him at the Adelaide Oval. One of the most enthusiastic supporters of the idea was Bradman, his long-time friend. Several former and current greats of the game, like Keith Miller, Harvey, Barry Richards, and Davidson (after whom Favell’s son is named) made it a point to play in the game that was organised into two teams led

by Sir Don and Favell himself, both playing as non-playing captains.

Let us hear the story of this sentimental game from Ashley Mallett: “As if by some unseen divine hand, the sun shone brightly, and the crowd turned up in their droves. Everyone knew it was Les’ last hurrah in public, but they put on — as indeed did he — a brave face. His doctor, Dr Donald Beard, a legend in Australian army and cricket circles, helped Les through the day. Favell wore his state blazer and Bradman an Australia blazer loaned to him by Ian McLachlan, the man who drove the day.”

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN Bradman padded up circa 1940s original black and white photograph 18.5 x 13.5cm $500–1,000

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN Bradman’s grip original black and white photograph 15 x 21cm $200–400

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN Bradman’s baggy-green from an Australia versus England test series original black and white photograph 25 x 16cm $200–400

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN

Bradman as a child, shoulder length portrait, circa 1909

Bradman as a child, circa 1909

black and white photograph printed from the original negative with retouching 12.5 x 9.5cm

black and white photograph printed from the original negative 17 x 10.5cm

$200–400

$200–400

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Bradman as a boy aged 12 at Bowral, NSW.

Bradman in whites outside his home 20 Glebe Street Bowral

black and white photograph printed from the original negative 10.5 x 6cm

black and white photograph printed from the original negative 23 x 17cm

$300–500

$400–700

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN

The Kensington Park S.A. home of Mr and Mrs Donald Bradman

Bradman wresting with an unknown opponent as a young man

original black and white photograph 13.5 x 18.5cm

original black and white photograph 20 x 15cm

$200–400

$200–400

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Bradman: paying homage to a hero First published in The Age on October 15, 1989

SIR Donald Bradman returned home to Bowral yesterday and was once again forced to endure the agony of his fame.

Sir Donald and Lady Bradman were visiting their former home, the scene of Bradman's formative cricketing years, to honor the opening yesterday of the first stage of the Bradman Museum — the only museum in Australia dedicated to an individual.

The reluctant hero stood on the terrace of the pavilion-style museum and addressed the crowd of almost 5000 who stood on the Bradman Oval, emotional in the belief they were probably witnessing Sir Donald firsthand for the last time.

(O'Reilly, who was bowling for the neighboring Moss Vale at the time in the Berrima District competition, bowled Sir Donald first ball the following Saturday when the match was shifted to his home ground.)

Sir Donald said of O'Reilly: "I don't want to mention individuals but you'll pardon me if I say how touched I am that Bill O'Reilly saw fit to come here today. I know I've said it many times but he is the greatest bowler that I ever saw... I believe that the fact I was making runs from his bowling made me look good all those years ago."

Earlier, during a lunchtime conversation in the adjoining VIP tent

He began his speech by saying - "I don't know what I’m expected to say today. This is a very traumatic occasion for me as you can probably understand."

Sir Donald had sat almost stony-faced during the earlier speeches, introductions and presentations. It was only at the finish of his own address — a warm and witty mixture of anecdotes about his heritage, his enduring relationship with his wife Lady Jessie and tributes to the museum trust and his former Australian teammate, the ailing Bill O'Reilly – that be broke into a broad smile.

There had been a question mark over O'Reilly's appearance at Bowral yesterday. The man many consider Australia's greatest bowler recently underwent vascular surgery but insisted on rising from his sick bed for a reunion with Sir Donald at the scene of their first battle.

"When I first met the big shot who's going to turn up here later." began O'Reilly, "it was on this oval in 1925, 61 years ago. By the end of the day he was 234 runs not out. I hope to enjoy today far more than I did that one. I've got 54 stitches up my leg but I wouldn't have missed today for the world."

Bob and Hazel Hawke with Donald and Jessie Bradman at the opening of the museum.

CREDIT: THE AGE ARCHIVES

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guest of honor at the Bradman Spring Dinner, for which 620 diners paid $150 to witness the launch of the $100,000 Bradman Scholarships.

Sir Donald Bradman and Lady Jessie at the opening of the Museum in Bowral today.

CREDIT: THE AGE ARCHIVES

with TV host Ray Martin, Sir Donald and Lady Bradman confessed how difficult they found such ceremonies.

Sir Donald asked Martin: "Can you imagine how embarrassing it all is?" Lady Jessie reminded Martin of the story of their son, who revealed the strains of his father's status when he changed his name to Bradson.

Sir Donald's brother-in-law, Ray Gillam, the president of the Sydney and Suburban Cricket Association, said of his old friend: "He's never been any different. He's always hated fuss. People don't understand that."

Mr. Gillam and Sir Donald became friends when the former was stationed at the local bank in Bowral in 1927. The pair married two local sisters, Jean and Jessie Menzies, and the four were reunited with their former home when they were taken on a private tour of the museum on Thursday.

Those who came to praise Sir Donald included the Prime Minister, Mr. Hawke. Bradman was surrounded by cameras — his public appearances are rare —and at one stage he asked that the lights be turned down.

Yesterday he and Lady Bradman were driven to Bowral, about two hours west of Sydney, by limousine. They were led to the stage to the accompanying sounds of a local band playing 'Our Don Bradman'.

Australia's most revered sportsman was mobbed by schoolchildren waiting on the boundary for a glimpse of the batsman whom even their parents never saw play.

Toby West, eight, of Bowral, screamed at a young friend: "I know what he looks like. I've seen him, I've seen him." Andrew Sullivan, seven, of Moss Vale said: "Of course I know him. Mum and Dad told me He's good."

Unlike so many before and after him, the legend of The Don has strengthened with the passing years. As dozens of photographers

A third sister, Lily Underwood, was at the oval yesterday, along with Mr. Gillam's three daughters and three grandchildren.

"Even in the early days Don hated the attention," explained Mr. Gillam. "After matches here he would always come back to Menzies' house to join me and the girls for a game of 500. He avoided the back-slapping even then."

One of Sir Donald's great nephews, Gareth West, 15, of Sydney, admitted he had never told his school friends of his famous connection. "It's a bit tough to make the cricket team — the standard's pretty high at our school," he said.

It has been a tough 24 hours for Australia's most revered sportsman. Sydney's Regent Hotel on Friday night saw him the

Selector Donald Bradman & Australian captain Richie Benaud inspect a test wicket in 1960.

CREDIT: THE AGE ARCHIVES

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Don Bradman at the crease in the test match in England in 1934.

shoved each other for shots, accompanied by angry shouts of: "Get out of the road, cameras!', it was hard to believe that all the fuss was for an 81-year-old man.

Don Bradman, shows his batting style at a suburban ground in 1938. CREDIT: ALEC IVERSON

Perhaps the most touching story of the day was Sir Donald's account of his relationship with his wife. "This whole thing had its genesis 112 years ago," he explained. "Two children started at the Glenquarry school — my mother and my wife's father."

When she was 11, Jessie Menzies, whose parents were dairy farmers, moved in with the Bradman family for five days each week — Sir Donald's father was a carpenter — so she could attend the nearby school.

"She and I came to school every day across this area," said Sir Donald, pointing at the pretty village oval now named in his honor.

"It was known as Pichards Paddock then. She didn't know it — I was only 11 or 12 — but I decided to marry her.

"I didn't ask her though. I was too shy. Ten years later I worked up the courage, thereby forming the longest and best partnership of my life — much better and much longer than the ones I formed later with Billy Ponsford."

Sir Donald also said: "The concept of a museum suggests I'm coming to the end of the road. While death is inevitable, it is not a subject I approach, with any great enthusiasm.”

Where it all began: A young Donald with his terrier, Teddy, at his childhood home in Bowral. CREDIT: BRADMAN MUSEUM

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN Sir Donald and Lady Bradman at the Opening of the Bradman Museum in Bowral 15 October 1989 original black and white photograph 18 x 23cm $300–500

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Bradman and W.G. (Wally) Hammond of England inspect the pitch, 21 June 1949

Bradman meets the very young English Women’s cricket team member Hazel Saunders left with Dot Debnam (Australian Cricket Association official)

unique original black and white photograph 19 x 14cm $300–600

unique original black and white photograph 8.25 x 13.5cm $300–500

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Bradman watches MCC versus NSW December 1965

Bradman with Maurice Leyland at the conclusion of the final match of the tour Scarborough 1930

With right Bobby Simpson (Australian captain) Jack Ryder and Dudley Seddon original black and white photograph 17.5 x 24.5cm $300–500

During the match which was won by M.C.C for the first time in 33 years over NSW, the selectors saw enough of Brian Booth to make him captain of Australia and to also give the young Doug Walters his first game for Australia at the age of 20.

unique original black and white photograph-second smaller print 10.5 x 16cm $500–1,000

Bradman scored 93 runs and got three wickets in this the final tour match of September 1930 against England. Leyland scored 9 and 50 in his second innings with Bradman taking his wicket.

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Bradman signs bats at the Slazenger showrooms 19/4/1948 when selecting the equipment to use during the Tour of 1948

Bradman knighted receives his first callers in his hotel room Jan. 1949

unique original black and white photograph 18 x 13cm $300–600

original black and white photograph 16 x 20.5cm $300–600

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Bradman and Jack Renshaw entering the Bradman stand at the SCG 1974 on the occasion of the Opening of the Bradman stand

Young Don meets Sir Don

original black and white photograph 17 x 25cm

During the farewell tribute to Sir Donald Bradman 20/9/1948 a young cricket player Don Clark aged 11 meets his idol. unique original black and white photograph 17 x 15cm

$200–400

$300–600

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Don Bradman at the MCG in January 1937

The day we played ‘The Don’ NOVEMBER 5, 2018 by PENINSULA ESSENCE

In 1940 the school year had almost finished when the students of Frankston High were informed that their school First XI would be playing a team from the local Army Camp. The Army team would contain two Test cricketers – none other than the legendary Don Bradman and the spin bowler “Chuck” Fleetwood-Smith. Both were officers at the Army School of Physical Training in Frankston.

Earlier that year the Army had taken over the Church of England Boys’ Society camp in Overton Road, near Frankston’s Mile Bridge.

Their PT School was based on the British Army School at Aldershot, where different sports were played in daylight hours followed by studies of anatomy, physiology and hygiene in the evening.

Conducting the various activities were officers with incredible sporting credentials. The Superintendent was Captain “Slip” Carr, a former Rugby International and champion athlete, who had been the first to carry the Australian flag at an Olympic Games – Rome in 1924. Amongst the staff officers were several League footballers, international rugby players, professional wrestlers and boxers, and champion cyclists.

The PT school was in Overton Road, near Frankston’s Mile Bridge

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Lieutenant Donald Bradman 1940

The school children of Frankston were well acquainted with this array of sporting talent. In July 1940 hundreds of them were spectators when the Army School gave a display of physical training drills and athletic contests in Frankston Park.

Frankston was abuzz when news broke in October that “The Don” – Lieutenant Donald Bradman – would be joining the PT staff of the Army School. Bradman had joined the RAAF who dithered for months until the Army arranged a transfer, made him an officer, and offered him a position as a physical training supervisor. His arrival in the small bay-side town was eagerly awaited.

To any boy in the late 1930’s, Bradman was the greatest Australian alive. In 1930 he had toured England and brought home the Ashes to a hero’s welcome. Three double centuries and two triple centuries made the 22 year-old’s name a household word.

Every Aussie shuddered at the “Bodyline Series” of 1932 which saw the Ashes handed back to England. Australians were incensed and could hardly wait to tour England and have their revenge. Two years later Bradman’s team regained the Ashes for the remainder of the decade.

Bradman breasts the tape in a charity sprint at the MCG, November 1940

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Edwin “Slip” Carr, Paris Olympics 1924

In 1936-7 every Melbourne schoolboy would have wished they were at the MCG to see his 270 runs in what many experts regard as his classiest Test performance.

After a successful tour of England in 1938, Bradman was playing in South Australia when war broke out and put a halt to international cricket.

When Bradman arrived in Frankston, however, there would be even less cricket. Although the District Cricket regulations were changed to allow clubs to play soldiers in their local camps, Bradman declared he would focus on his physical education course and only play in a few service games.

Within a week, he was playing against the Somers RAAF training camp when he was run out for 18. On November 14 1940, Frankston was treated to a half holiday to watch a “celebrity” match between the Army School and the councillors of the Shire of Frankston and Hastings. Bradman reached 102 before being bowled by a 20 yearold clerk named Richard Ham. Bradman became very selective in his public appearances. He ran in the Services sprint at the MCG in late November after having declared the Oath of Allegiance on behalf of all servicemen. There was also a “Fags fund” game against the Metropolitan Fire Brigade to raise funds for the forces (2/6 per run – Bradman scored 109).

Gordon Jones, Melbourne premiership player 1939-40

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN Bradman at Spencer street Station 1 November 1940 met by famous sprinter Captain Edwin. W. (Slip) Carr unique original black and white photograph 12 x 10cm $300–500

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN Bradman with young cricketer David Low unique original black and white photograph 23 x 16cm $300–500

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN

Bradman and Indian captain Lala Amarnath inspect the ground at the SCG wicket, December 1947

Bradman and Indian captain Lala Amarnath leaving the ground after inspecting the SCG wicket, December 1947

original black and white photograph 15 x 9.5cm

original black and white photograph 15 x 9.5cm

$300–600

$300–500

The Sydney Test in December 1947 between Australia was drawn. In a very low scoring match at the SCG, Australia was all out for 107. Bradman was bowled for only 13 runs. That said, the series was won by Australia 4-0 and Bradman scored more than twice what any other batsman did that series making 715 runs and this despite the fact he retired hurt in the first innings of the Melbourne test match and he played no further part.

He scored a double century in the Adelaide test, back to back centuries in the second test match that was held in Melbourne that series and he scored 185 runs in the Brisbane test in November 1947

The Sydney Test in December 1947 between Australia was drawn. In a very low scoring match at the SCG, Australia was all out for 107. Bradman was bowled for only 13 runs. That said, the series was won by Australia 4-0 and Bradman scored more than twice what any other batsman did that series making 715 runs and this despite the fact he retired hurt in the first innings of the Melbourne test match and he played no further part.

He scored a double century in the Adelaide test, back to back centuries in the second test match that was held in Melbourne that series and he scored 185 runs in the Brisbane test in November 1947

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN Bradman salutes the crowd with Jack Renshaw SCG January 1974 on the occasion of the opening of the Bradman stand original black and white photograph 18 x 24cm $300–500

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN Bradman and Les Favell Exiting the Adelaide oval April 5 1987 during a testimonial match for the ailing Les Favell unique original black and white photograph 23 x 16cm $200–400

When it was discovered that Les Favell was suffering from cancer, the South Australian Cricket Association, in a gesture of respect and support, arranged for a Testimonial match for him at the Adelaide Oval. One of the most enthusiastic supporters of the idea was Bradman, his long-time friend. Several former and current greats of the game, like Keith Miller, Harvey, Barry Richards, and Davidson (after whom Favell’s son is named) made it a point to play in the game that was organised into two teams led

by Sir Don and Favell himself, both playing as non-playing captains.

Let us hear the story of this sentimental game from Ashley Mallett: “As if by some unseen divine hand, the sun shone brightly, and the crowd turned up in their droves. Everyone knew it was Les’ last hurrah in public, but they put on — as indeed did he — a brave face. His doctor, Dr Donald Beard, a legend in Australian army and cricket circles, helped Les through the day. Favell wore his state blazer and Bradman an Australia blazer loaned to him by Ian McLachlan, the man who drove the day.”

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN Bradman and selectors Mr Dudley Seddon left and Mr Jack Ryder right taken at the Sydney Cricket Ground during the Sheffield Shield Match, New South Wales v South-Australia 8-12 January 1965 original black and white photograph 18 x 23cm $300–500

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN Bradman and Les Favell Exiting the Adelaide oval April 5 1987 during a testimonial match for the ailing Les Favell unique original black and white photograph 15 x 23cm $300–500

When it was discovered that Les Favell was suffering from cancer, the South Australian Cricket Association, in a gesture of respect and support, arranged for a Testimonial match for him at the Adelaide Oval. One of the most enthusiastic supporters of the idea was Bradman, his long-time friend. Several former and current greats of the game, like Keith Miller, Harvey, Barry Richards, and Davidson (after whom Favell’s son is named) made it a point to play in the game that was organised into two teams led

by Sir Don and Favell himself, both playing as non-playing captains.

Let us hear the story of this sentimental game from Ashley Mallett: “As if by some unseen divine hand, the sun shone brightly, and the crowd turned up in their droves. Everyone knew it was Les’ last hurrah in public, but they put on — as indeed did he — a brave face. His doctor, Dr Donald Beard, a legend in Australian army and cricket circles, helped Les through the day. Favell wore his state blazer and Bradman an Australia blazer loaned to him by Ian McLachlan, the man who drove the day.”

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN BY GREG WHITE Bradman with cricketing greats; Greg Chappell, Rodney Marsh, Richie Benaud at The Ashes for Australia, Unveiling of the Urn at the State Bank NSW 25 January 1988 unique original black and white photograph 23 x 19cm $300–600

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN Bradman and Les Favell at the Adelaide oval April 5 1987 for a testimonial match for the ailing Les Favell unique original black and white photograph 18 x 17.5cm $300–600

When it was discovered that Les Favell was suffering from cancer, the South Australian Cricket Association, in a gesture of respect and support, arranged for a Testimonial match for him at the Adelaide Oval. One of the most enthusiastic supporters of the idea was Bradman, his long-time friend. Several former and current greats of the game, like Keith Miller, Harvey, Barry Richards, and Davidson (after whom Favell’s son is named) made it a point to play in the game that was organised into two teams led

by Sir Don and Favell himself, both playing as non-playing captains.

Let us hear the story of this sentimental game from Ashley Mallett: “As if by some unseen divine hand, the sun shone brightly, and the crowd turned up in their droves. Everyone knew it was Les’ last hurrah in public, but they put on — as indeed did he — a brave face. His doctor, Dr Donald Beard, a legend in Australian army and cricket circles, helped Les through the day. Favell wore his state blazer and Bradman an Australia blazer loaned to him by Ian McLachlan, the man who drove the day.”

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Bradman plays a ball form Bill O’Reilly

Bradman salutes the crowd with Jack Renshaw SCG January 1974 on the occasion of the opening of the Bradman stand

Taken at the Re-opening of the Bradman Oval Bowral 1976 original black and white photograph 24 x 19.5cm $300–600

Somewhat ironically during the ceremony, Bradman faced up to one ball from O’ Reilly, which went down the leg-side and Bradman missed it.

original black and white photograph 19 x 24cm $300–600

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Bradman watching cricket circa 1980

Bradman tosses his bat after missing a ball bowled

by Bill O’Reilly

original black and white photograph 12 x 20cm $200–400

Taken at the Re-opening of the Bradman Oval Bowral 1976 original black and white photograph 24.5 x 17cm $300–600

Somewhat ironically during the ceremony, Bradman faced up to one ball from O’ Reilly, which went down the leg-side and Bradman missed it.

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN

Bradman giving autographs to young cricket fans

Bradman does a tour of the SCG ground in a vintage Rolls-Royce, circa 1988

Taken at the Re-opening of the Bradman Oval Bowral 1976 original black and white photograph 25 x 16cm $300–600

Bradman attended a session of the Bowral Junior Cricket Coaching School at Bradman Oval with some 106 children there that day to get pointers. The same day as The Bradman Oval was re-opened.

original black and white photograph 16 x 24cm $300–600

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN Bradman clapped as he leaves the ground with Jack Renshaw SCG January 1974 on the occasion of the Opening of the Bradman stand original black and white photograph 18.5 x 24cm $200–400

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN Bradman does a tour of the SCG ground in a vintage Rolls-Royce circa 1988 original black and white photograph 17.5 x 24cm $300–500

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Bradman and Bill O Reilly in jovial conversation

Bradman, Richie Benaud, Bill Lawry and The Nawab of Pataudi sign a cricket bat during a reception for the Indian cricket team ahead of the Fourth test as India was 6-193 at stumps in its second innings after being set 342 runs to win

Taken at the Re-opening of the Bradman Oval Bowral 1976 original black and white photograph 25.5 x 19.5cm $300–500

Somewhat ironically during the ceremony, Bradman faced up to one ball from O’ Reilly, which went down the leg-side and Bradman missed it.

original black and white photograph 20 x 25cm $300–500

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN

SIR DONALD BRADMAN

Bradman and Mr Jack Renshaw at the SCG January 1974 on the occasion of the Opening of the Bradman stand

Bradman and others pose for a photograph, 18 December 1970

original black and white photograph 24 x 18cm

original black and white photograph 14.5 x 20cm

$300–600

$200–400

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN

SIR DONALD BRADMAN

Bradman meets M.CX.C team at Adelaide airport October 1950

Bradman with Bill O Reilly and Len Darling at the opening of The Clarrie Grimmett Gate at Adelaide Oval December 1988

Front row (l-r): W.H Jeanes, J.H Nash, Donald Bradman, R.Berry 2nd row: T Bailey and A McIntyre 3rd row: F Brown Captain L Hutton Back row: A.Bedger E Hollies original black and white photograph 15 x 19cm

unique original black and white photograph 19.5 x 15cm

$200–400

$300–500

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN

SIR DONALD BRADMAN

Bradman and Dennis Compton share a joke

Bradman with Dudley Seddon and Jack Ryder inspect the pitch, circa 1956

At the Lord Taverners Charity Night at The Hilton Hotel, London, May 13, 1974. unique original black and white photograph 13 x 18cm $300–600

original black and white photograph-second smaller print 23 x 16cm $300–500

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN

Don Bradman had retired form test cricket in 1948 so didn’t play.

Bradman with Len Hutton circa 1954

However, the 1954–55 Ashes series between Australia and England consisted of five Test cricket matches, each of six days duration with five hours play each day and eight ball overs. It formed part of the MCC tour of Australia in 1954–55 and the English team in matches outside the Tests were styled Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). England were captained by Len Hutton, the first professional cricketer to lead an MCC tour of Australia. The Australian team under Ian Johnson were confident of victory but, despite losing the first Test by an innings, England won the series 3–1 and retained the Ashes.

unique original black and white photograph – second smaller print 10.5 x 16cm $300–600

England were the first touring team to win a series in Australia since 1932–33 and the last until 1970–71.

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN Bradman and ? 24 December 1947 original black and white photograph 9.5 x 15cm $200–400

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN

SIR DONALD BRADMAN

Bradman demonstrates a bowling grip guaranteed to get even himself out overlooked by English wicket-keepers George Duckworth and Godfrey Evans and young cricket fans, circa November 1960

Bradman and Mr S.G.Webb NSW cricket association representative to the Australian board of control circa 1965

original black and white photograph 18 x 22cm

$200–400

$300–600

Syd Webb QC, himself an accomplished cricketer in his younger life, was tour manager of the Sydney University Cricket Tour to England in 1961.

Unique black and white photograph 25.5 x 19.5cm

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN

SIR DONALD BRADMAN

Bradman at a formal dinner wearing the 1947/48 blazer for the Australia v India Test series which Australia won 4-0.

Bradman at the SCG and at crease in a suit with a stump as the bat, circa 1970s

unique original black and white photograph 9.5 x 15cm

unique original black and white photograph 23 x 19cm

$300–600

$300–600

Bradman scored 185 in the first test in Brisbane, was bowled out for 13 in the 2nd test in Sydney, scored 132 in the 3rd test in Melbourne and scored a double century of 201 in the last test in Adelaide in January 1948.

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN London reception for Australian cricketers, Australia House, London 1948 Bradman left meets Norman Yardley English captain designate with Australia High Commissioner in the centre Mr J.A.Beasley 17/4/1948. unique original black and white photograph 9.5 x 15cm $300–600

89

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN Bradman meets his old foes Sir Leonard Hutton (left) and Ken Barrington (right) 14 May 1974 At an Anglo-American Sporting club dinner in his honour. unique original black and white photograph 13 x 18.5cm $300–500

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN

SIR DONALD BRADMAN

Bradman in conversation, circa 1962

Farewell tribute to Bradman at The Savoy Hotel 20/9/1948 with The Earl of Gowrie

original black and white photograph 15 x 20cm $300–500

(President of the M.C.C) presenting a Warwick vase to Bradman bought from the Shilling Fund, subscribed to from crickets-lovers from all over the British Isles unique original black and white photograph 17 x 15cm $300–600

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN

The Imperial cricket Conference at Lords 1950

Bradman as chairman of the Australian Cricket Board speaks to the press at Cricket House

Comprising: Left to Right: Back row: Mr.R.A.Aird,h.H The Maharaja Of Baroda (India), Mr R.E Foster Bowley (South Africa), Mr A.H. Gilligen (New Zealand), Mr. A Drayton (West-Indies), Sir Donald Bradman (Australia), Mr G.Allen (M.C.C) Front Row: Lieut.Gen.Mohammed Yousef (Pakistan), Mr M.Chidambaram (India), Mr.J.St F.Dare (West-Indies), Mr W. Dowling (Australia), Mr H.S Altham, President of the M.C.C., Mr G.W.A Chubb (South Africa), Sir Hubert Ashton, President designate of the M.C.C, and Sir Arthur Sims (New Zealand) 15/7/1950. unique original black and white photograph 10 x 15cm $200–400

original black and white photograph 17.5 x 24cm $300–500

Bradman had two periods as Chairman of the Board of Control, between 1960–63 and 1969–72.

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN

SIR DONALD BRADMAN

Bradman and Bill O’Reilly head for the wicket,

Bradman with English Captain Norman Yardley cutting the cake presented to him by Surrey admirers at The Oval London 16/8/1948

Taken at the re-opening of the Bradman Oval Bowral, 1976 original black and white photograph 25 x 16cm $300–600

Somewhat ironically during the ceremony, Bradman faced up to one ball from O’ Reilly, which went down the leg-side and Bradman missed it.

unique original black and white photograph 8 x 13.5cm $300–600

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN Bradman meets? 28 August 1977 original black and white photograph 15 x 19cm $200–400

63

SIR DONALD BRADMAN Bradman and Les Favell at the Adelaide oval April 5 1987 for a testimonial match for the ailing Les Favell unique original black and white photograph 23 x 16cm $300–600

When it was discovered that Les Favell was suffering from cancer, the South Australian Cricket Association, in a gesture of respect and support, arranged for a Testimonial match for him at the Adelaide Oval. One of the most enthusiastic supporters of the idea was Bradman, his long-time friend. Several former and current greats of the game, like Keith Miller, Harvey, Barry Richards, and Davidson (after whom Favell’s son is named) made it a point to play in the game that was organised into two teams led

by Sir Don and Favell himself, both playing as non-playing captains.

Let us hear the story of this sentimental game from Ashley Mallett: “As if by some unseen divine hand, the sun shone brightly, and the crowd turned up in their droves. Everyone knew it was Les’ last hurrah in public, but they put on — as indeed did he — a brave face. His doctor, Dr Donald Beard, a legend in Australian army and cricket circles, helped Les through the day. Favell wore his state blazer and Bradman an Australia blazer loaned to him by Ian McLachlan, the man who drove the day.”

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN Bradman interviewed by Norman May, circa 1988 unique original black and white photograph 11.5 x 16.5cm $200–400

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SIR DONALD BRADMAN Bradman at a memorial dinner held in his name at the Regent Hotel London with Sir Garfield Sobers and Bob and Hazel Hawke unique original black and white photograph 20 x 10cm $300–500

END OF SALE 65

Helmut Newton (1920–2004) A Single-Owner collection of original signed photographs Auction Monday 22 February 2021 Viewing 19–22 February 11am–5pm www.artvisory.com.au

Property from Mawallok, Western Districts, Victoria From the collection of Mr & Mrs Peter and Jocelyn Mitchell Including European furniture and decorative arts, Australian and European paintings and a collection of Roman and Egyptian Antiquities.

Auction Monday 22 February 2021 Viewing 18–21 February 11am–5pm www.artvisory.com.au

Fine Chinese, Japanese & Asian Arts Auction Monday 22 February 2021 Viewing 19–21 February 11am–5pm www.artvisory.com.au

The Interior Decorator Autumn Edition

Auction Monday 1 March 2021 Viewing 26–28 February 11am–5pm www.artvisory.com.au

104

Absentee Bid Form 409 Malvern Road South Yarra VIC 3141 +61 3 9826 4039 www.artvisory.com.au

In order to register to bid with Artvisory, please complete this form, scan and email to accounts@artvisory.com.au Auction Title: Name (please print clearly): Email Address (for invoicing & correspondence): Telephone (mobile):

Telephone (home/work):

Invoice address (PO Box not accepted): City

State

Post Code

Country

Please tick here if you do not want to receive special invitations and online auction catalogues by email.

We value your privacy and will not disclose your details to any third party. You may request that your details are removed from our database at any time.

If you have not previously purchased with Artvisory, please scan your photo ID (either a drivers licence or passport) and email to accounts@artvisory.com.au Lot Number (in order)

Catalogue Description

Cover Bid Not including buyer’s premium or GST (where applicable)

(please print clearly)

A$ A$ A$ A$ A$ A$ A$ A$ A$ A$ A$

I authorise Artvisory to register bids on a per lot basis up to the maximum price I have indicated for each lot. I will not hold Artvisory responsible for any errors that occur.

I understand that if my bid is successful, the purchase price will be the sum of my final bid plus the buyer’s premium of 24% plus GST of the final hammer price plus any GST payable on the hammer price, as indicated in the catalogue. GST will be charged on the buyer’s premium. If the lot is denoted by the † symbol, GST will be charged the whole amount (hammer price + GST). If the Resale Royalty Scheme is applicable 5% will be charged on the hammer price only. The Resale Royalty Scheme is denoted by the § symbol in the catalogue. Your invoice will be emailed to the supplied email address immediately after the auction has finished and will contain all details pertaining to payment and collection.

I have read and accepted Artvisory’s terms and conditions as printed in the catalogue and online at www.artvisory.com.au. Bids will not be processed unless this form is signed.

Signature

Date

Bidder Number (Office Use Only)

105

Telephone Bid Form 409 Malvern Road South Yarra VIC 3141 +61 3 9826 4039 www.artvisory.com.au

In order to register to bid with Artvisory, please complete this form, scan and email to accounts@artvisory.com.au Auction Title: Name (please print clearly): Email Address (for invoicing & correspondence): Telephone (mobile):

Telephone (home/work):

Invoice address (PO Box not accepted): City

State

Post Code

Country

Please tick here if you do not want to receive special invitations and online auction catalogues by email.

We value your privacy and will not disclose your details to any third party. You may request that your details are removed from our database at any time.

If you have not previously purchased with Artvisory, please scan your photo ID (either a drivers licence or passport) and email to accounts@artvisory.com.au Lot Number (in order)

Catalogue Description

Cover Bid Not including buyer’s premium or GST (where applicable)

(please print clearly)

A$ A$ A$ A$ A$ A$ A$ A$ A$ A$ A$

I authorise Artvisory to register bids on a per lot basis up to the maximum price I have indicated for each lot. I will not hold Artvisory responsible for any errors that occur.

I understand that if my bid is successful, the purchase price will be the sum of my final bid plus the buyer’s premium of 24% plus GST of the final hammer price plus any GST payable on the hammer price, as indicated in the catalogue. GST will be charged on the buyer’s premium. If the lot is denoted by the † symbol, GST will be charged the whole amount (hammer price + GST). If the Resale Royalty Scheme is applicable 5% will be charged on the hammer price only. The Resale Royalty Scheme is denoted by the § symbol in the catalogue. Your invoice will be emailed to the supplied email address immediately after the auction has finished and will contain all details pertaining to payment and collection.

I have read and accepted Artvisory’s terms and conditions as printed in the catalogue and online at www.artvisory.com.au. Bids will not be processed unless this form is signed.

Signature

Date

Bidder Number (Office Use Only)

106

Terms and Conditions of Sale The terms and conditions of sale listed here contain the policies of Artvisory Pty Ltd. They are the terms on which Artvisory Pty Ltd and the Seller contract with the Buyer.

They may be amended by printed Saleroom Notices or oral announcements made before and during the sale. By bidding at auction you agree to be bound by these terms.

b)

1. Background to the Terms used in these Conditions The conditions that are listed below contain terms that are used regularly and may need explanation. They are as follows: “the Buyer” means the person with the highest bid accepted by the Auctioneer “the Lot” means any item depicted within the sale for auction and in particular the item or items described against any lot number in the catalogue. “the Hammer price” means the amount of the highest bid accepted by the auctioneer in relation to a lot

Images are measured height by width (sight size).

Illustrations are provided only as a guide and should not be relied upon as a true representation of colour or condition. Images are not shown at a standard scale. Mention is rarely made of frames (which may be provided as supplementary images on the website) which do not form part of the lot as described in the printed catalogue.

“the Buyers Premium” means the charge payable by the Buyer to the auction house as a percentage of the hammer price. “the Reserve” means the lowest amount at which Artvisory has agreed with the Seller that the lot can be sold.

“Forgery” means an item constituting an imitation originally conceived and executed as a whole, with a fraudulent intention to deceive as to authorship, origin, age, period, culture or source, where the correct description as to such matters is not reflected by the description in the catalogue. Accordingly no lot shall be capable of being a forgery by reason of any damage or restoration work of any kind (Including re-painting). “the insured value” means the amount that Artvisory in its absolute discretion from time to time shall consider the value for which a lot should be covered for insurance (whether or not insurance is arranged by Artvisory.)

Catalogue and other Descriptions All statements by Artvisory in the catalogue entry for the property or in the condition report, or made orally or in writing elsewhere, are statements of opinion and are not to be relied upon as statements of fact.

Such statements do not constitute a representation, warranty or assumption of liability by Artvisory of any kind. References in the catalogue entry to the condition report to damage or restoration are for guidance only and should be evaluated by personal inspection by the bidder or a knowledgeable representative. The absence of such a reference does not imply that an item is free from defects or restoration, nor does a reference to particular defects imply the absence of any others. Estimates of the selling price should not be relied on as a statement that this is the price at which the item will sell or it’s value for any other purpose. Neither Artvisory nor The Seller is responsible for any errors or omissions in the catalogue or any supplemental material.

c)

Buyers Responsibility All property is sold “as is” without representation or warranty of any kind by Artvisory or the Seller.

Buyers are responsible for satisfying themselves concerning the condition of the property and the matters referred to in the catalogue by requesting a condition report No lot to be rejected if, subsequent to the sale, it has been immersed in liquid or treated by any other process unless the Auctioneer’s permission to subject the lot to such immersion or treatment has first been obtained in writing.

2. Artvisory Auctions as Agent Except as otherwise stated Artvisory Pty Ltd acts as agent for the Seller.

4. At the Sale

The contract for the sale of the property is therefore made between the Seller and the Buyer.

a)

Refusal of Admission Artvisory reserves the right at our complete discretion to refuse admission to the auction premises or participation in any auction and to reject any bid.

b)

Registration before Bidding Any prospective new buyer must complete and sign a registration form and provide photo-identification before bidding. Artvisory may request bank, trade or other financial references to substantiate this registration.

3. Before the Sale Examination of Property Prospective Buyers are strongly advised to examine in person any property in which they are interested before the Auction takes place. Neither Artvisory nor the Seller provides any guarantee in relation to the nature of the property apart from the Limited warranty in the paragraph below.

The property is otherwise sold “AS IS”

Bidding as a Principal When making a bid, a bidder is accepting personal liability to pay the purchase price including the buyers premium and all applicable taxes, plus all other applicable charges, unless it has been explicitly agreed in writing with Artvisory before the commencement of the sale that the bidder is acting as agent on behalf of an identified third party acceptable to Artvisory and that Artvisory will only look to the principal for payment.

d)

International Registrations All International clients not known to Artvisory will be required to scan through an accredited form of photo identification and pay a deposit at our discretion in cleared funds into Artvisory’s account at least 24 hours before the commencement of the auction. Bids will not be accepted without this deposit. Artvisory also reserves the right to request any additional forms of identification prior to registering an overseas bid.

This deposit can be made using a credit card, however the balance of any purchase price in excess of $5,000 can not be charged to this card without prior arrangement.

This deposit is redeemable against any auction purchase.

e)

Absentee bids Artvisory will use reasonable efforts to execute written bids delivered to us AT LEAST 24 Hours before the sale for the convenience of those clients who are unable to attend the auction in person. If we receive identical written bids on a particular lot, and at the auction these are the highest bids on that lot, then the lot will be sold to the person whose written bid was received and accepted first. Execution of written bids is a free service undertaken subject to other commitments at the time of the sale and we do not accept liability for failing to execute a written bid or for errors or omissions which may arise. It is the bidder’s responsibility to check with Artvisory after the auction if they were successful. Unlimited or “Buy” bids will not be accepted.

f)

Telephone bids Priority will be given to overseas and interstate bidders. Please refer to the catalogue for the Telephone Bids form. Arrangements for this service must be confirmed AT LEAST 24 HOURS PRIOR to the auction commencing. Artvisory accepts no responsibility whatsoever for any errors or failure to execute bids. In telephone bidding the buyer agrees to be bound by all terms and conditions listed here and accepts that Artvisory cannot be held responsible for any miscommunications in the process. The success of telephone bidding cannot be guaranteed due to circumstances that are unforeseen.

Buyers should be aware of the risk and accept the consequences should contact be unsuccessful at the time of Auction. You must advise Artvisory of the lots in question and you will be assumed to be a buyer at the minimum price of 75% of estimate (ie. reserve) for all such lots. Artvisory will advise Telephone Bidders who have registered at least 24 hours before the auction of any relevant changes to descriptions, withdrawals or any other sale room notices.

Foreign buyers should note that all transactions are in Australian dollars so there may be a small exchange rate risk. The costs associated with acquiring a good certificate will be carried by the purchaser. If the item turns out to be forged or otherwise incorrectly described, all reasonable costs will be borne by the vendor.

All values expressed in Artvisory Pty Ltd catalogues (in any format) are in Australian Dollars (AU$). All bids, “hammer price”, “reserves”, “Buyers Premium” and other expressions of value are understood by all parties to be in Australian Dollars (AU$) unless otherwise specified.

a)

c)

107

G) Online Bidding Artvisory offers an online bidding service via Invaluable.com. When bidding online the buyer agrees to be bound by all terms and conditions listed here by Artvisory and agrees to pay any fees charged in regard to any purchases made via Invaluable.com.

Artvisory accepts no responsibility for any errors, failure to execute bids or any other miscommunications regarding this process. It is the online bidder’s responsibility to ensure the accuracy of the relevant information regarding bids, lot numbers and contact details.

5. After the Sale a)

Buyers Premium In addition to the hammer price, the buyer agrees to pay to Artvisory the buyer's premium. The buyer’s premium is 24% of the hammer price plus GST. (Goods and Services Tax) where applicable.

b)

Payment and passing of title The buyer must pay to the company trust account managed by KK Partners Pty Ltd Chartered Accountants the full amount due (comprising the hammer price, buyer's premium and any applicable taxes and GST) not later than 3 days after the auction date.

H) Reserves Unless otherwise indicated, all lots are offered subject to a reserve, which is the confidential minimum price below which the Lot will not be sold. The reserve will not exceed the low estimate printed in the catalogue. The auctioneer may open the bidding on any Lot below the reserve by placing a bid on behalf of the Seller. The auctioneer may continue to bid on behalf of seller up to the amount of the reserve, either by placing consecutive bids or by placing bids in response to other bidders.

I)

J)

The buyer will not acquire title for the lot until Artvisory receives full payment in cleared funds, and no goods under any circumstances will be released without confirmation of cleared funds received.

This applies even if the buyer wishes to send items interstate or overseas.

Payment can be made by direct transfer, cash (not exceeding $5,000AUD, if wishing to pay more than $5,000AUD then this must be deposited directly into the company trust account and bank receipt supplied) and Eftpos (please check your daily limit).

Payments can also be made by credit card in person with a 1.3% (inc GST) merchant fee for Visa and Mastercard and 3% (inc GST) for American Express.

Credit card payments where the card-holder is not present, can not be accepted unless a scanned image of the card and signature is supplied (that corresponds with the supplied signature on the bidding or registration forms). Personal cheques are only accepted with prior arrangement and funds must be cleared before goods will be released. Bank cheques are subject to three days clearance.

Auctioneers Discretion The Auctioneer has the right at his absolute and sole discretion to refuse any bid, to advance the bidding in such a manner as he may decide, to withdraw or divide any lot, to combine any two or more lots and, in the case or error or dispute and whether during or after the sale, to determine the successful bidder, to continue the bidding, to cancel the sale or to re-offer and resell the item in dispute. If any dispute arises after the sale, then Artvisory’s sale record is conclusive.

Successful bid and passing of risk Subject to the auctioneer’s discretion, the highest bidder accepted by the auctioneer will be the buyer and the striking of his hammer marks the acceptance of the highest bid and the conclusion of a contract for sale between the Seller and the Buyer. Risk and responsibility for the lot (including frames or glass where relevant) passes immediately to the Buyer.

The buyer is responsible for any bank fees and charges applicable for the transfer of funds into Artvisory’s company trust account. c)

K) Indicative Bidding steps, etc.

Artvisory reserves the right to refuse any bid, withdraw any lot from sale, to place a reserve on any lot and to advance the bidding according to the following, at the auctioneers discretion: Increment Amount

Dollar Range

$20

$0–$500

$50

$500–$1,000

$100

$1,000–$2,000

$200

$2,000–$5,000

$500

$5,000–$10,000

$1,000

$10,000–$20,000

$2,000

$20,000–$50,000

$5,000

$50,000–$100,000

$10,000

$100,000–$200,000

$20,000

$200,000–$500,000

$50,000

$500,000–$1,000,000

Absentee bids must follow these increments and any bids that don’t follow the steps will be rounded up to the nearest acceptable bid.

Collection of Purchases & Insurance Artvisory is entitled to retain items sold until all amounts due to us have been received in full in good cleared funds. Subject to this, the Buyer shall collect purchased lots within 3 days from the date of the sale unless otherwise agreed in writing between Artvisory and the Buyer.

At the fall of the hammer, insurance is the responsibility of the purchaser.

d)

e)

Packing, Handling and shipping Artvisory will be able to suggest local, national and international carriers and takes no responsibility whatsoever for the actions of any recommended third party carrier. Artvisory can pack and handle goods purchased at the auction by agreement, however will take no responsibility for damage, a charge may be made for this service. All packing, shipping, insurance, postage & associated charges will be borne by the purchaser.

Cultural heritage Export Licences Unless otherwise agreed by us in writing, the fact that the buyer wishes to apply for an export licence does not affect his or her obligation to make full payment immediately, nor our right to charge interest or storage charges on late payment. It is the Buyer’s responsibility to check Australia’s Protection of Moveable Cultural Heritage Act 1986 before purchase. If the Buyer requests Artvisory to apply

for an export licence then we shall be entitled to charge a fee for this service. We shall not be obliged to rescind a sale nor to refund any interest or other expenses incurred by the Buyer where payment is made by the Buyer in circumstances where an export licence is not granted. f)

Remedies for non-payment If the Buyer fails to make full payment immediately, Artvisory is entitled to exercise one or more of the following rights or remedies (in addition to asserting any other rights or remedies available under the law) i)

to charge interest at such a rate as we shall reasonably decide

ii)

to hold the defaulting Buyer liable for the total amount due and to commence legal proceedings for it’s recovery along with interest, legal fees and costs to the fullest extent permitted under applicable law

iii)

to cancel the sale

iv) to resell the property publicly or privately on such terms as we see fit v)

to pay the Seller an amount up to the net proceeds payable in respect of the amount bid by the defaulting Buyer. In these circumstances the defaulting Buyer can have no claim upon Artvisory in the event that the item(s) are sold for an amount greater than the original invoiced amount.

vi) to set off against any amounts which Artvisory may owe the Buyer in any other transactions, the outstanding amount remaining unpaid by the Buyer. vii) where several amounts are owed by the Buyer to us, in respect of different transactions, to apply any amount paid to discharge any amount owed in respect of any particular transaction, whether or not the Buyer so directs. viii) to reject at any future auction any bids made by or on behalf of the Buyer or to obtain a deposit from the Buyer prior to accepting any bids. ix) to exercise all the rights and remedies of a person holding security over any property in our possession owned by the Buyer whether by way of pledge, security interest or in any other way, to the fullest extent permitted by the law of the place where such property is located. The Buyer will be deemed to have been granted such security to us and we may retain such property as collateral security for such Buyer’s obligations to us. x)

to take such other action as Artvisory deem necessary or appropriate If we do sell the property under paragraph (iv), then the defaulting Buyer shall be liable for payment of any deficiency between the total amount originally due to us and the price obtained upon reselling as well as for all costs, expenses, damages, legal fees and commissions and premiums of whatever kinds associated with both sales or otherwise arising from the default.

If we pay any amount to the Seller under paragraph (v) the Buyer acknowledges that Artvisory shall have all of the rights of the Seller, however arising, to pursue the Buyer for such amount.

108

g)

Failure to collect purchases Where purchases are not collected within 3 days from the sale date, whether or not payment has been made, we shall be permitted to remove the property to a warehouse at the buyer’s expense, and only release the items after payment in full has been made of removal, storage handling, insurance and any other costs incurred, together with payment of all other amounts due to us.

6. Extent of Artvisory Liability Artvisory agrees to refund the purchase price in the circumstances of the Limited Warranty set out in paragraph 7 below. Apart from that, neither the Seller nor we, nor any of our employees or agents are responsible for the correctness of any statement of whatever kind concerning any lot, whether written or oral, nor for any other errors or omissions in description or for any faults or defects in any lots. Except as stated in paragraph 7 below, neither the Seller ourselves, our officers, agents or employees give any representation warranty or guarantee or assume any liability of any kind in respect of any lot with regard to merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, description, size, quality, condition, attribution, authenticity, rarity, importance, medium, provenance, exhibition history, literature or historical relevance. Except as required by local law any warranty of any kind is excluded by this paragraph.

7. Limited Warranty Subject to the terms and conditions of this paragraph, the Seller warrants for the period of thirty days from the date of the sale that any property described in this catalogue (noting such description may be amended by any saleroom notice or announcement) which is stated without qualification to be the work of a named author or authorship is authentic and not a forgery. The term “Author” or “authorship” refers to the creator of the property or to the period, culture, source, or origin as the case may be, with which the creation of such property is identified in the catalogue.

The warranty is subject to the following: i)

ii)

iii)

it does not apply where a) the catalogue description or saleroom notice corresponded to the generally accepted opinion of scholars and experts at the date of the sale or fairly indicated that there was a conflict of opinions, or b) correct identification of a lot can be demonstrated only by means of a scientific process not generally accepted for use until after publication of the catalogue or a process which at the date of the publication of the catalogue was unreasonably expensive or impractical or likely to have caused damage to the property. the benefits of the warranty are not assignable and shall apply only to the original buyer of the lot as shown on the invoice originally issued by Artvisory when the lot was sold at Auction. the Original Buyer must have remained the owner of the lot without disposing of any interest in it to any third party

iv) The Buyer’s sole and exclusive remedy against the Seller in place of any other remedy which might be available, is the cancellation of the sale and the refund of the original purchase price paid for the lot less the buyers premium which is non refundable.

Neither the Seller nor Artvisory will be liable for

v)

any special, incidental nor consequential damages including, without limitation, loss of profits not for interest.

Overseas buyers and buyers non-resident in Australia will not be charged GST on both hammer price and premiums under the following conditions:

The Buyer must give written notice of claim to us within thirty days of the date of the Auction. The Seller shall have the right, to require the Buyer to obtain two written opinions by recognised experts in the field, mutually acceptable to the Buyer and Artvisory to decide whether or not to cancel the sale under warranty.

1.

The items are exported through a Artvisory approved freight company including Australia Post

2.

The items are exported within 60 days of the date of the sale

The invoice supplied by Artvisory for purchases will be regarded as a Tax invoice for GST purposes.

vi) the Buyer must return the lot to Seller in the same condition that it was purchased.

14. Resale Royalty Scheme

8. Severability

Under the legal obligations of the Resale Royalty Scheme for Visual Artists Act 2009, sellers must provide the following information to comply with the act:

If any part of these Conditions of Sale is found by any court to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that part shall be discounted and the rest of the Conditions shall continue to be valid to the fullest extent permitted by law.

9. Copyright The copyright of all images, illustrations and written material produced by Artvisory relating to a lot including the contents of this catalogue, is and shall remain the property at all times of Artvisory and shall not be used by the Buyer, nor by anyone else without our prior written consent. Artvisory and the Seller make no representation or warranty that the Buyer of a property will acquire any copyright or other reproduction rights in it.

10. Law and Jurisdiction These terms and conditions and any matters concerned with the foregoing fall within the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the state in which the auction is held.

11. Pre-Sale Estimates Artvisory publishes with each catalogue our opinion as to the estimated price range for each lot. These estimates are approximate prices only and are not intended to be definitive. They are prepared well in advance of the sale and may be subject to revision. Interested parties should contact Artvisory prior to auction for updated pre-sale estimates and starting prices.

12. Sale results Artvisory will provide auction results, which will be available as soon as possible after the sale. Results will include buyer’s premium. These results will be posted at www.artvisory.com.au.

13. Goods and Service Tax In accordance with A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 Artvisory Auctions will collect on behalf of the Australian tax office (ATO) a Goods and Service Tax (GST) of 10% on all applicable transactions.

GST is applicable on the hammer price in the case where the seller is selling property that is owned by an entity registered for GST. GST is also applicable on the hammer price in the case where the seller is not an Australian resident. These lots are denoted by a dagger symbol † placed next to the estimate.

GST is also applicable on the buyer’s premium.

•

was the artwork acquired after 8 June 2010?

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is the sale/reserve price (including GST) $1,000 or more?

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is the artist from Australia or a country listed in the Regulations to the Act?

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is the artist alive, or deceased less than 70 years?

The seller: i)

acknowledges that he or she understands his or her legal obligations under the Resale Royalty for Visual Artists Act 2009 (the Act);

ii)

undertakes to comply with all requirements of the Act, including by providing its agent, the company, with accurate information sufficient for compliance with sections 28 and 29 of the Act;

iii)

undertakes to indemnify the company for any loss incurred by the company as a result of the vendor’s failure to comply with any of the vendor’s legal obligations under the Act; and

iv) acknowledges that if he or she fails to comply with any of his or her legal obligations under the Act, the company may provide the vendor’s name and contact details to Copyright Agency Limited (CAL).

Lots subject to payment of the Resale Royalty Scheme will be denoted by the §. The Australian Resale Royalty is a flat rate of 5% on the hammer price (including GST).

The Australian Resale Royalty is payable by the buyer in addition to the buyers premium plus any applicable GST.

409 Malvern Road South Yarra Victoria 3141 www.artivsory.com.au