In transit

in transit Towards the First City

Dadaab Camp, Kenya, Existing for 20 years

ARMAN AKDOGAN Architect IND [Inter.National.Design] Istanbul, Turkey 1973 Role: Lead Curator

ÖMER SELÇUK BAZ Architect Yalın Mimarlık Nümberg, Germany 1978 Role: Curator

Studied architecture at University of Mimar Sinan (Istanbul). In 2000, he moved to The Netherlands for his study of master degree of Architecture at the Berlage Institute (Rotterdam). After Berlage Institute he worked for architecture offices for three years at West 8 and OMA (Office for Metropolitan Architecture), both located in Rotterdam. He participated in numerous urban planning and architectural projects, among these are the planning of the central station of Rotterdam, (Competition winner 2005). At the end of 2006 he established his own practice in Rotterdam. He participated as guest Curator for the Turkish pavilion at the Mare Nostrum section of the International Architecture Biennale Rotterdam 2005 .Together with his companion from Berlage Institute, Felix Madrazo, they win the international vanguard housing competition Project in Ceuta in which this momentum created IND (Inter.National.Design) www.internationaldesign.nl. IND was invited to participate at the International Architecture Biennale of Rotterdam with the project of Capital vs Capital in Astana, Kazakhstan. IND has extensive studies on train stations and libraries of Rotterdam. Their latest works were studying the potential spatial and organisational change of Rotterdam central library after measure funding cuts. These works has been published in international magazines and their work is present in European and Latin American architecture exhibitions. In 2015, Arman Akdogan as partner of IND | Istanbul | is involved in running projects in Çanakkale, Istanbul and Irak. ( In 2014 IND won the competition for Canakkale Antenn Tower and currently the IND partners are busy with its design developments and its construction.)

He finished primery and secondary education in Antakya. After receiving his Bachelor Degree in Architecture in 2002 from Bursa Uludağ University, he started working on his Masters Degree in Vienna Technical University. He received many prizes at various national and international competitions during his studies. While studying at Vienna Technical University, he also worked at Atelier Stelzhammer on various architectural projects especially on housing and shopping mall projects. In 2005, he won the first prize in a national competition in Turkey for Bursa Branch Office of Turkish Central Bank with E. Didem Durakbaşa. After founding Denge Mimarlık Hizmetleri, he has worked on various designs for national and international projects and competitions. He won the first prize in Roland Rainer Housing Schemes competition in 2007. He took part at various design classes as juror at Uludag University and Trakya University. He has been working for Yalın Mimarlık which is founded with urban planner Okan Bal since 2011.

FELIX MADRAZO Architect IND [Inter.National.Design] Saltillo, Mexico 1972 Role: Curator and editor

DENİZ ÜNSAL İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Sanat ve Kültür Yönetimi Bölümü Istanbul, Turkey Role: Exhibition consultant

Partner IND, cofounder of Supersudaca, researcher and lecturer at The Why Factory, TU Delft. Architect by La Salle University. He received his Master of Architecture from The Berlage Institute in 2002. He worked for Alberto Kalach in Mexico city as project architect. During his studies at the Berlage Institute he co-founds Supersudaca, a collective for urban research with focus in Latin America. After his postgraduate studies he obtained a fellowship by the Kulturstiftung and The Caracas Urban Think Tank to make research on the informal city. In 2004 he joined the office OMA/ Rem Koolhaas as project architect, researcher and editor. In 2007 in partnership with Arman Akdogan opens his own practice of architecture and urbanism IND [Inter.National.Design]. Since 2008 he is a lecturer and researcher at The Why Factory, Faculty of Architecture TU Delft. In 2013 he was Co-director of Recharge information studio at Strelka Institute. Amongst other distinctions with Supersudaca wins the Best Entry Award at the II International Architecture Rotterdam Biennale with a research on Mass Caribbean Tourism (2005) and the best research project for Y PREVI? for the Iberoamerican Architecture Bienale. In 2012 with The Why Factory he published the book City Shocks - Planning the unexpected with Winy Maas for Nai 010 Publishers.

1972 yılında Ankara’da doğdu. İlk, orta ve lise eğitimini Ankara’da tamamladı. Lisans eğitimini 1994 yılında Ortadoğu Teknik Üniversitesi’nde bitirdikten sonra, Belçika’da Katholieke Universiteit Leuven’de Avrupa Çalışmaları ve daha sonra Sosyal ve Kültürel Antropoloji yüksek lisans programlarını, 2004’te Columbia Universitesi’nde Kültürel Antropoloji doktora çalışmasını tamamladı. 2001-2004 yılları arasında Amsterdam’da KIT Tropenmuseum’da asistan küratör olarak çalıştı. 2004-2005 arası İstanbul Modern Sanat Müzesi’nde sergi koordinatörlüğü yaptı. 2005’ten bu yana İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi’nde öğretim üyesidir.

Akademik çalışmalarının yanında çeşitli müze, sergi ve kültür mirası projelerinde araştırma, küratörlük ve sergi planlaması alanlarında danışmanlık vermektedir. 2010’dan bu yana danışmanlık yaptığı müze projeleri: Troya Müzesi Projesi (2011, Yalın Mimarlık, Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı), Ekomüze Zavot: Kars Peynir Müzesi Projesi (2012, Boğatepe Doğal Yaşamı Destekleme Derneği), Mersin Arkeoloji Müzesi Projesi (2013, MEFA Mimarlık, Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı), Arnavutköy Hadımköy Müzesi Projesi (2013- , Arnavutköy Belediyesi.). Kültür Mirası alanında tamamladığı araştırmaları : Diyarbakır Tarihi Sur Burçlarının Çevresi ile Birlikte İşlev Tespit Çalışması ve Raporu, (2013, Dr. Yıldız Salman ile birlikte, Diyarbakır Alan Yönetimi Başkanlığı). Ünsal’ın müzecilik ve kültür mirası alanında çeşitli yayınları mevcuttur.

ŞULE TOKTAŞ Political Science Prof. Dr. at Kadir Has University Department of Political Science and Public Administration Istanbul,Turkey Role: Consultant and moderator

MIRTA DE MARE Urban Planner Expert on Refugee camps Argentina and Netherlands Role: Team consultant

Şule Toktaş, siyaset bilimi profesörüdür. Kadir Has Üniversitesi Siyaset Bilimi ve Kamu Yönetimi Bölümü öğretim üyesi olarak çalışan Toktaş, aynı yerde bölüm başkanlığı görevini de yürütmektedir. Doktora eğitimini Bilkent Üniversitesi Siyaset Bilimi Bölümü’nde “Türkiye Yahudileri ve Türkiye’den İsrail’e Göç” konulu tez çalışması ile tamamlamıştır. Doktora sonrası çalışmalarına Jean Monnet araştırmacısı olarak Floransa – İtalya’da bulunan Robert Schuman Yüksek Araştırmalar Merkezi’nde devam etmiştir. Madison – A.B.D’de bulunan University of Wisconsin’de misafir öğretim görevlisi olarak bulunmuştur. Kadir Has Üniversitesi’nde siyaset bilimine ilişkin lisans ve lisansüstü seviyede dersler vermektedir. Koç Üniversitesi’nde de uluslararası göç konulu lisans dersi vermiştir. Şule Toktaş’ın araştırma alanlarını uluslararası göç ve nüfus hareketleri, insan kaçakçılığı, sınır yönetimi, Gürcistan’dan Türkiye’ye yönelen düzensiz göç, Almanya’ya emek göçü, İsrail’e göç, Türkiye’den gayri-Müslimlerin göçü, göçün yönetimine dair veri toplama sistemleri, Avrupa Birliği ve Türkiye ilişkileri, kadın çalışmaları, azınlıklar ve çokkültürlülük oluşturmaktadır.

Uluslararası göç, Suriye-Afganistan siyaseti, Türkiye’de düşünce kuruluşları ve Kadınların mülk edinme durumları üzerine toplamda dört kitap çalışması vardır. Dr. Toktaş’ın bilimsel makaleleri Ethnic and Racial Studies, Political Science Quarterly, Women’s History Review, Third World Quarterly, International Migration, Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies gibi birçok uluslararası bilimsel dergide yayımlanmıştır. Dr. Toktaş’ın araştırmaları TÜBİTAK ve Birleşmiş Milletler Nüfus Fonu gibi ulusal ve uluslararası kuruluşlar tarafından desteklenmiştir. Sosyal Bilimler alanında 2009 yılı TÜBİTAK Teşvik Ödülü’ne layık görülen Şule Toktaş, halen, aynı kurum bünyesindeki TÜBİTAK Sosyal Bilimler Araştırma Grubu’na siyaset bilimi alanında danışmanlık hizmeti vermektedir. Prof. Dr. Şule Toktaş’ın Koç Üniversitesi Göç Araştırmaları Merkezi ve Anka Kadın Araştırmaları Merkezi gibi çeşitli araştırma merkezlerinde de görevleri bulunmaktadır.

Mirta de Mare is an architect, Argentinean born, who exiled in Holland in the 70’s escaping from the dictatorial government of Argentina. For the thirty years that followed she moved around the world working as an emergency city planner. She designed housing for thousands of people left without homes throughout the world. She has been in Africa, Asia and Latin America, after earthquakes, floods, and wars, making instant urbanism. And besides the technical abilities, to succeed in such extreme conditions, it is necessary to be resourceful: Her work consists in knowing how to deal with the situations and human resources of each place: she works together with the people. Mirta de Mare has designed emergency cities made out of tents, with very simple infrastructure. Cities planned in hours and built within days. Many of these cities, as Kao Dong in Thailand, for example, have nowadays grown into real villages. She has the knowhow of making a successful refugee settlement. Her works starts at talking to the governments, and only finishes when the life in the camps is already settled. From where to place it, how to trace it, and how to keep order in it. She deals not only with how to plan the village, but also with how to take care of the refugees, once living there.

GIOVANNI BELLOTTI Architect Pavia, Italy 1987 Role: Research and publication

ALESSANDRA COVINI Architect, Studio Ossidiana Milan, Italy 1988 Role: Exhibition design

Giovanni Bellotti is a Rotterdam based architect. Following studies at the IUAV University of Venice, he completed his master in architecture and urbanism between TU DELFT and Venice, graduating with Paola Viganò in 2012. The resulting project, a proposal for a reform of Moscow’s libraries on the city scale, was selected for the Italian archiprix and has been exhibited and published on various international publications (among others Archdaily, Harvard Design Magazine #37, Lobby Magazine #2). In 2011, his work on the roman centuriation was selected and exhibited at the Maxxi museum in Rome within the Re-Cycle exhibition curated by Pippo Ciorra. In 2012 he was appointed teaching assistant for The Why Factory in TU Delft, chaired by Prof. Winy Maas where he co-tutored classes and workshops both in Delft and Berlin (Aedes). The same year he was part of the curatorial team for the Euro-Tower exhibitions at the Venice Biennale, as well as part of the team for MVRDV’s “Freeland” project, exhibited at the Giardini. In 2014 his master project “The Wild City” was selected and presented at the sixth edition of the Rotterdam Architecture Biennale (IABR) and featured in international digital and printed publications (AD Magazine #83, The Architectural Review’s Folio). Since 2012 he has been working and collaborating with Rotterdam based offices (SVESMI, IND Inter.National.Design).

Alessandra Covini is a Rotterdam-based architect and co-founder of the architectural practice ‘Studio Ossidiana’. Following her studies in Milan and Lisbon, she graduated at TU Delft with Michiel Riedijk (Neutelings Rideijk Architects) with a thesis on Istanbul.

During and after her studies she has been awarded prizes in international competitions promoted by renowned authorities such as the UNESCO and UIA (Bamiyan Cultural Center in Afghanistan 2015, Hemitage Pavilion in Rotterdam 2015, Meditation Space in Malmo Cemetery 2012). Her projects have been published in several architectural magazines and online platforms (Architectural Review, Architectural Journal, Archdaily, Forum magazine).

She has worked with Privileggio-Secchi in Milan (2010), the Architectural Review in London (2013) and RCR Arquitectes (2012-2013). In August 2015 she was invited as a tutor and coordinator at RCR Architecture and Landscape Workshop, together with Salvador Tarradas. Currently she is involved in a project on the relation between the Oriental Carpet and Architecture, granted by the Creative Industries of the Netherlands, that will be exposed October 2016 at the Dutch Design Week, together with the other emerging design talents of the Netherlands. Amongst other projects, she curated and designed the exhibition ‘Torre David, Informal vertical communities’. This exhibition brought to Rotterdam - in the vacant Hofpoort tower (former home of Shell Netherlands), the award winning photos of Iwan Baan, winner of Golden Lion at 2012 Venice Biennale.

TOMAS DIRRIX Architect Studio Ossidiana Eindhoven, Netherlands 1988 Role: Exhibition design

ONUR CAN TEPE Architect Istanbul, Turkey Role: Lectures and events organization

Tomas Dirrix is an Architect and Founder of Studio Ossidiana. He graduated with honours from the Faculty of Architecture at the TU Delft, after having studied on urgent housing solutions with renowned architects such as Balkrishna Doshi in Ahmedabad (India) and with Jonathan Sergison in Mendrisio (Switzerland) and has been a Student Assistant at the chair of Interiors, Buildings and Cities / Prof. Tony Fretton at the TU Delft. Previously he worked for OMA / Rem Koolhaas where he was involved in the design of the award-winning mulitfunctional highrise building DeRotterdam. In 2012 he co-curated and designed a side-exhibition on Archizoom to Andrea Branzi’s solo exhibition in the Flemish Architecture Institute in Antwerp, Belgium. With Studio Ossidiana he was selected as one of the winners by the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands with their vision on the transformation of Post-War buildings into a specialised Healthcare Housing concept, and has recently co-curated and designed ‘Torre David - Informal Vertical Communities’; an adaptation of the exhibition a skyscraper complex in Caracas, Venezuela by Urban Think-Tank and Iwan Baan, that was awarded the Golden Lion at the Venice Biennale in 2012.

Onur Can Tepe, THINK collective kurucu üyesi. İstanbul Bahçeşehir Üniversitesinde lisans eğitimini tamamlamış, Hollanda’da Berlage Enstitüsünde İstanbul’un kentsel gelişimi ve arkasındaki ekonomik, kültürel ve politik dinamikleri incelediği “Istanbul, Behind the Scenes” adlı araştırma projesiyle mezun olmuştur.

2013-14 süresince Inter.National.Design [IND] ve Powerhouse Company ortaklığında Çanakkale Anten Kulesi projesinin yürütücülüğünü yapmıştır ve IND’nin bu dönemki üretimine katkıda bulunmuştur.

THINK collective bünyesinde mekan odaklı araştırma ile çeşitli ölçeklerde ofis, konut ve kültürel yapı tasarımlarında rol almıştır.

Projeleriyle, 2008 yılında Torino Dünya Tasarım Başkenti etkinlikleri ve 2010 yılında Dünya Mimarlık Festivali kapsamında uluslararası ödüller sahibidir.

IN TRANSIT “Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.

Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!”

Emma Lazarus Original inscription for the statue of Liberty 0_IN TRANSIT Turkey’s geography, history and culture place it in a unique position within the context of Alejandro Aravena’s Reporting from the Front theme for the 2016 Venice biennale. Turkey’s crucial role in defining directions at the ‘front’, between the east and the west - make it a unique country to explore current“frontiers”.

the setting for the drama of the masses who had to leave their homelands in search of a new life because of war, religious intolerance and severe political conflicts and many from Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan and Palestine. To those people Turkey has become a land of safety, and its open border policy has certainly saved thousands.

For the 2016 Venice biennale we propose the theme of Reporting from the Front by addressing a highly relevant theme of contemporary society: the ongoing refugee crisis driven by conflict and massive migration from war thorn SyriaIn the last two years Turkey has become the most committed country in addressing the mass migration emergency that followed the conflicts in Syria. The debate that has followed -about hospitality, integration, temporality, permanence, shelter and citizenship - requires the involvement of architects to react in the domain of the profession, addressing the role of architecture, cities and territories within this highly slippery political terrain.

2_PROUD TO BE THE HOST In a short time Turkey has become the largest refugee hosting country in the world, currently hosting over 2.3 million refugees2. The country has, as of September 2015, invested over 7.5 bln euros on its humanitarian response3, including the construction of some of the best refugee camps ever built, complete with schooling, healthcare and social services4. The 24 refugee camps that have been established on the Turkish-Syrian border since March 2011 comprehensively host around 300.000 people that have fled to Turkey since the beginning of the conflicts 3 years ago5. Although the number is high, it represents merely a 15% of the people in need and in search of a new beginning in Turkey. The current solution, nevertheless, drains resources and acknowledging that this is global problem that concerns the international community is an ongoing topic of debate. The European Union is currently discussing a plan to back Turkey with a a sum of 3.2 bln euro, on the premise that Turkey will commit to curb the flow of refugees to Europe. With no foreseeable end to the conflict, the number of upcoming refugees pose a serious challenge to both Turkey and The European Union; the imageof both will be undoubtedly affected by the way they deal and react to this emergency.

1_MIGRATION AS IDENTITY Cities, the highest achievement of sedentary culture, are shaped by the continuos flows of migrations. Migrations have marked the rise and fall of civilizations, and our laws, institutions and architecture have defined over centuries a variety of ways to confront this force. Throughout the mediterranean, commerce has built connections between countries and cultures, and each developed different means to deal with foreigners while between east and west, the silk road granted a safe corridor between countries, allowing a a constant flow of goods, people and ideas. Since the development of the nation-states in the XIX century, policies and rules became more and more the mean to control the flow of people; those who trespassed national borders without permission became illegal immigrants, the only exception to this illegality being granted to “refugees”, a status given to those in an exceptional state of need.

In Turkey a variety of beliefs and cultures have coexisted for thousands of years, and, although it was until recently perceived as a “sending country” - having over 3 million nationals living in in the EU- the country has always been both a starting point and a destination for migrants. Since 1923, many have come from the Balkans, from former Soviet countries and, starting from the 1980s, from Iran and Iraq. Half a million Kurdish refugees have arrived in the country in 1988 and 1991, followed by Albanians, Bosnian muslims and Pomaks throughout the 1990s1 . For the past few years, the country has been

1_Içduygu, Ahmet. International Migration and Turkey, 2002: The Country Report for Turkey For the Continuous Reporting System on Migration (SOPEMI)of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), (Paris, OECD, 2002).

In this context, it is needed to rethink the way the refugee camp is designed and the way it operates, and to evaluate its qualities and shortcomings. The refugee camp is the first settlement refugees encounter after crossing the border. These places become for hundreds of thousands the first image of the country, which in principle should embody the highest values of the hosting nation and its citizens. As such, a positive realism is needed to face the theme in the realm of design and planning. The task must be addressed beyond sentimentalism, with the tools and knowledge that the discipline possesses and those that can be developed in collaboration with other professionals.

2_Data from UNHCR accessed on 2-12-2015: http://data.unhcr.org/ syrianrefugees/country.php?id=224 3_http://www.tccb.gov.tr/haberler/410/35539/turkiyenin-yasadigi-surec-pek-cok-ulkeye-ilham-veren-bir-basari-hikyesidir.html 4_http://www.nytimes. com/2014/02/16/magazine/how-to-build-a-perfect-refugee-camp.html?_r=0 5_Data from UNHCR accessed on 2-12-2015: http://www.unhcr.org/pages/49e48e0fa7f.html

3_FROM REFUGEE CAMP, TO THE FIRST CITY Refugee camps are generally perceived as part of the vast family of “non places”, enclaves living in a condition of isolation from their context (Auge 1995) Their construction and maintenance is promoted on the basis of their being temporary, a situation of momentary relief offered to its guest with the perspective of them returning to their country. Generally they are built following the guidelines of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, contained in the “ UNHCR handbook for emergencies”. Currently, 16 pages in chapter 12 of the handbook define the principles in the planning of refugee camps world wide6. Refugee camps provide shelter, safety and food to hundred of thousands, however, once the fear of the journey has dissipated, these spaces often become the stage for new problems; Prolonged inactivity, the lack of work or stimuli, the impossibility to modify or adapt the environment rapidly erode the high ideals that motivate their construction. As time goes by, there is a shift from the positive active ideals that motivate the camps, to the feeling of an enormous potential being lost, the cost of this loss being payed both by the refugees, trapped in a limbo, and by the host, obliged to provide resources for months, often years.

6_http://www.unhcr.org/472af2972. html

Hence, one of our main challenges as curators is to explore, discuss and test alternative solutions that tackle the possibility of devising a place that is able to be both temporary and permanent, that is able to provide hope, that is as resilient and self sustainable as possible.

5_THE FIRST CITY

The dramatic scene of refugees crossing the sea in full danger is in sharp contrast with the daily routine of a camp, saturated by dullness, boredom and repetition. With the average life of a camp spanning between 7 and 15 years - the span of a generation - and with many former camps having already turned into permanent settlements, the battle between permanence and removal remains an open topic, and how neutral and controlled this places ought to be is a key question to address.

The role of architects in Turkey, but also worldwide, has so far being marginal, relegated either to the realm of micro-interventions, acupuncture solutions in already compromised situations, or to academic research. This has generated a plethora of innovative and interesting solutions in the realm of design, but has left undiscussed the principles and ideas that motivate the form of todays camps, as well as the increasingly important role they will play in the future of our societies.

Not long ago, the architecture community was taken into account to come up with innovative solutions to global problems. The case of PREVI in Lima is strikingly forgotten by history; in 1969 the best architects of the world in combination with the best architects of Peru, supported by UN tried to devise an affordable housing solution that would incorporate in a later stage the additions of the users. It was precisely this experiment that triggered Aravena to launch his innovative incremental housing solution called ELEMENTAL as an international competition.

Taking move from the apparent predictability of the camp it is necessary to open a discourse on appropriation and ownership, identity and neutrality, hospitality and rejection - the struggles and ambitions that lay underneath the orthogonal grid. There is a world that the manual, inspired by modernist principles of hygiene and order, does not contemplate, one which is already visible in the interiors of the containers and the tents, where habits and ambitions have found a place to become manifest. In a world where mass migrations pose one of the foreseeable challenges of the future, can the camp become the ground to develop new models of living, owning and sharing? How can we expand our vocabulary of dealing with these emergencies beyond the refugee camp? How can we update our understanding and our solutions to migrations beyond the usual jargon of oppositions -neutrality vs contextual, nomadic vs sedentary, permanent vs ephemeral-? How can architects intervene in this field, one that will likely affect the living space of more and more people in the future?

4_TURKEY’S CURRENT POLICY To cope with the refugee crisis Turkey has built 24 refugee camps along its Syrian border following the UNHCR guidelines. These camps are run and administered by Turkey’s Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency, or AFAD, and are generally regarded as being of the highest quality achievable for a refugee camp; compact in size, carefully maintained and well controlled7. Yet, many speculate that the scheme is unsustainable financially, especially if the conflict in Syria extends several years. The camp needs to be addressed from a dif-

ferent lens, that of a potentially stable settlement, even a city. Former UNHCR Refugee expert Kilian Kleinschmidt points that “The average stay today in a camp is 17 years. That’s a generation. Let’s look at these places as cities.”8 Although the Turkish camps are exemplary, they are also temporary solutions “A camp is still a camp, and if a camp becomes a shelter not just for a few months but for years, a substitute — even a deterrent — to a real solution, how much does it matter how nice it is?”9 The key issue is beyond design, amenities, cleanliness. It is about potential or the lack of it. It is about the possibility of making a home in a place where there is hope for the future.

As one refugee referred to the current refugee camp in Kilis: “This is a five-star hotel,” then, with his next breath, “We’re not happy here.”

They have zero complaints, yet they can’t picture themselves here.

“What if it was permanent?” they ask him, his answer “It’s impossible to accept this.”10

7_How to Build a Perfect Refugee Camp. Mac Mcclelland. The New York Times. http://www.nytimes. com/2014/02/16/magazine/how-to-build-a-perfect-refugee-camp.html?_r=1

With the Turkish pavilion we wish to address this lack of involvement regarding the refugee crisis in a direct, comprehensive and coherent manner. A team, composed of architects, designers, urbanists with the support of experts of various fields will be invited to contribute, discuss, and produce a project that addreses the theme mentioned above. The strategic design will tackle the “refugee camp”, as a response to emergencies, but, above all, as the possibility of a permanent human settlement. This team will address the contingent emergencies to which refugee camps need to provide an immediate answer as well as reflect and design upon the need of providing an identity, a sense of belonging to the inhabitants, an economic and cultural vision for its future. The proposal will focus on a site to be discussed with Turkey’s govermental agencies and with experts on the field. It will give priority to innovation and to collaboration. It will be the result of a collaborative format that will be reflected in the installation of the pavilion central pieces. The presented piece will be realizable utopia - an effort of the imagination, not a fantasy - one where architecture can be the catalyst of the effort.

8_Refugee Camps are the cities of tomorrow. says Humanitarian Aid Expert. Deseen. Nov 23, 2015. http:// www.dezeen.com/2015/11/23/refugee-camps-cities-of-tomorrow-killian-kleinschmidt-interview-humanitarian-aid-expert/ 9_Idem

10_Idem

6_IN TRANSIT OFFICE An ad-hoc office will be organized with this topic at its core. The best representatives of various fields will be engaged as consultants to a team of designers, planners and architects working full time for a period of 4 months. While this group will develop an overall strategy, a call will be made amongst selected architecture offices to contribute to eight specific themes. Each selected office will then be assigned a topic to be developed both as a strategy for the overall masterplan and as a unique design, giving form to the principles, ideas and ambitions of the settlement. Workshops will be organized throughout the process in order for each participant to re-assess its contribution and the role of each theme within the overall proposal. Each project will finally be exhibited as part of the choral work in the form of a 12x5m model, the heart of the exhibition. A transformable table will host the proposal and the research material, as well as round table discussions, meetings and other events.

8_THE PAVILION Unity Message The pavilion design central feature is a prime object at the centre of the hall. Despite the complexity of the theme we believe it is crucial for the visitor to be confronted with a powerful installation that conveys a message of unity. The pavilion gravitates around the central piece that will contain the results of the design process to conceive the future ‘First City’. It is a table that serves as base for the model of the city The table will measure 12 x 5 m, and will be composed of 3 4 x 5m modules. It will host a model of a city in a 1:200 scale that will also serve as the backdrop for a tribune where visitors will be welcomed to sit and watch the documentary of the design process.

Scenarios Various scenarios of use are possible by rearranging the modular pieces. For exhibition days, the format will include the model as the barycenter of the room, showing the positive realistic future, framed by research material, enclosed by tribunes. Two movies of not more then 6 minutes each, one showing a survey of the existing camps, the other documenting the design process, will be screened at the two far ends of the room. The tribunes will be arranged towards each other in case of seminars and round table discussions, or behind the projection walls in case of multiple events.

Process The back of the screens at the extreme ends of the pavilion will serve two ends. One will be a reading room with maps and photos of the refugee camps this part will also host the Booklet of the pavilion research and the results. The other end will host a working place where visitors can use a blackboard to discuss alternative methods to improve the solution presented. A postbox with suggestions will also be included in this area.

THE CAMPS

REFUGEE CAMPS IN TURKEY

Kahramanmaras-Merkez Saricam

Cevdetiye Islahiye

Oncupinar

Altinozu Yayladagi

Nizip Karkamis

Midyat Nusaybin Harran Ceylanpinar Akackale

CEYLANPINAR residents:19.354

KARKAMIS 7646

NIZIP 10510

AKACKALE 25022

MIDYAT 2926

SARICAM 11061

MILAN EXPO

NIZIP

KAHARAMANMARAS

AKCAKALE

CEYLAMPINAR

KARKAMIS

CEVEDETIYE

0

100m

CEYLANPINAR Sanliurfa 19354

KAHRAMANMARAS K. Maras 16820

HARRAN Sanliurfa 14430

ONCUPINAR Kilis 13415

SARICAM Adana 11061

NIZIP Gaziantep 10510

ADYIAMAN - MERKEZ Adyiaman 10071

CEVDETIYE Osmaniye 9057

KARKAMIS Gaziantep 7646

NUSAYBIN Mardin 5201

MIDYAT Mardin 2926

AKACKALE Sanliurfa residents: 25022

THE FIRST CITY 300,000

SELF ACTUALIZATION Pursue Inner Talent Creativity Fullfillment

SELF ACTUALIZATION Pursue Inner Talent Creativity Fullfillment

SELF ESTEEM Friends Family Spouse Lover

SELF ESTEEM Friends Family Spouse Lover

BELONGING - LOVE Friends Family Spouse Lover

BELONGING - LOVE Friends Family Spouse Lover

SAFETY Scurity Stability Freedom from Fear

SAFETY Scurity Stability Freedom from Fear

PHYSIOLOGICAL Food Water Shelter Warmth

PHYSIOLOGICAL Food Water Shelter Warmth

MASLOW PYRAMID

TO STAY AND LIVE IN A CITY

IN TRANSIT OFFICE

IN TRANSIT OFFICE

MINISTRY OF INTERIOR TURKEY

DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF MIGRATION MANAGEMENT

HOUSING Habitat for Humanity

CULTURE The Prince Claus Fund

ENERGY Shell

HEALTH Doctors without borders

URBANISM UNHCR Refugee Agency

ECONOMY The World Bank

ICT Google

SPORTS FACILITIES Architecture agency

FOOD US Aid AGRICULTURE Architecture agency HOUSING Architecture agency WATER Water.org

SPORTS Olympic Committee

MOBILITY Turkey’s Ministry of Infrastructure

CURATORS as MEDIATORS

EDUCATION UNESCO

WATER Architecture agency

URBANISM Urbanism agency

EDUCATION Architecture agency INFRASTRUCTURE Architecture agency ENERGY Engineering agency

CULTURE Architecture agency

WORK SPACES Architecture agency MOBILITY Engineering agency

IN TRANSIT OFFICE

PREVI 1965-1974

James Stirling, Aldo van Eyck, the Metabolists, Charles Correa, Christopher Alexander and Candilis, Josic and Woods and others

WORLD EXPO 1851-ongoing

New BaBYLON 1959-1974 Constant Nieuwenhuis

“A New Babylon where, under one roof, with the aid of moveable elements, a shared residence is built; a temporary, constantly remodeled living area; a camp for nomads on a planetary scale�

SALA D’ARMI

TRANSFORMER TABLE

projection

projection

tribune

tribune

books

model

projection

tribune tribune

model model

projection

tribune

tribune model projection

AN AD-HOC TEAM FOR THE IN TRANSIT CITY

urban designer

agriculture expert

urbanism unhcr

energy expert

housing

urban planner

mobility

education

water

IN TRANSIT

OFFICE

IN TRANSIT

EXHIBITION

TRANSFORMER TABLE

table talk

library

library

MODEL

film

TRANSFORMER TABLE

table talk

STAGE

film

MODEL

film

TRANSFORMER TABLE

MODEL

STAGE

film

TRANSFORMER TABLE

MODEL

STAGE

RESEARCH

TRANSFORMER TABLE

STAGE

table talk

MODEL

RESEARCH

film

FILM PROJECTION

1:200 MODEL

DEBATES

FILM PROJECTION

1:200 MODEL

DEBATES

MODELS

Table 1 IKSV meeting

IKSV meeting

Start 15th December

Workshop Weeks

Curuator Team

IKSV meeting

1

2

3

4

5

Preperation of Brief

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

15

16

17

18

19

20

OPENING of EXHIBITION

Transport

25th of May

21

22

23

Survey for All teams

Workshop

Call For Architects

14

IKSV meeting

24

OPENING LECTURE

All teams & Consultants assembly

Preperations for Events & Lectures

Exhibition Installing Production team

Researching the case and Feedback

Architecture Firms

Assembly

Consultants

Assembly

Support for Production of teams and general exhibition design PRODUCTION (8 weeks)

Model Preparations Research for Book

Film Production Events & Lectures Search for Sponsors

Film Production Invitations

Lectures of Consultants

Model Production

Submission

Model Presentation Book Presentation

Production of Book Editing Preperation of Lecturers

Search for Sponsors

Invited Guests Invited Guests

Submission

Feedback for Architectural teams and book production

Model Making Publication

Preperations for installations

Film Presentation Events & Lectures Invited Guests