02.06.17

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DAILYWILDCAT.COM Monday, February 6Tuesday, February 7, 2017

GEM SHOW BRINGS ECONOMIC BOOM TO TUCSON

VOLUME 110 ISSUE 55

SCIENCE | PAGE 9

RESEARCHERS CREATE CYBORG DRAGONFLIES CONTROLLED BY PULSES OF LIGHT

ARTS & LIFE | PAGE 10 GEM AND JAM FESTIVAL BRINGS VARIETY OF ART AND MUSICAL PERFORMANCES TO TUCSON

REBECCA NOBLE/THE DAILY WILDCAT

BY STEVEN SPOONER @DailyWildcat

The annual Gem, Mineral and Fossil Showcase is once again in full swing, bringing with it the largest financial event in the Tucson area.

Buyers, sellers and tourists from all over the world come to Tucson for the show.

The gem show is a two

week-long event where vendors display and trade gems, minerals and fossils at dozens of locations in Tucson. Many of the traders are international, flocking to Tucson with the hope of finding new precious minerals for their stock.

The City of Tucson expects to bring out 55,000 people. Of these 55,000, there will be tourists from 25 different countries,

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making this event a massive economic impact for Tucson.

In 2014, the Gem Show brought $120 million in direct spending, Tucson-based market research firm FMR Associates estimated. That’s a 20 percent increase from the $100 million estimate FMR released in 2007 and a 56 percent increase from the $76 million in 2000.

The lodging industry has

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easily seen the greatest effect of the event, with $30 million being pumped into the various hotels and such throughout Tucson, according to the 2014 FMR report. This doesn’t come as a surprise seeing as 50 percent of owners, 54 percent of buyers and 84 percent of exhibitors come from outside of Tucson.

GEM SHOW, 3

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Monday — Tuesday Feb. 6 ­­— Feb. 7 Page 2

NEWS

Editor: Nick Meyers news@dailywildcat.com (520) 621-7579

Talk, don’t text: Reclaim the conversation

BY MARISSA HEFFERNAN @_mheffernan

Sherry Turkle, Abby Rockefeller Mauze professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and founder and current director of the MIT Initiative on Technology and Self, had an unusual request for the crowd of 300 on Friday night in the Environment and Natural Resources 2 building: Please talk.

Turkle gave a lecture titled “Reclaiming Conversation: The Power of Talk in a Digital Age,” which is also the title of her latest book. She started off by explaining that, since the book was first published a year ago, her talk on it has changed.

“A lot has happened since then, so I’m giving a very different lecture than I would have a year ago,” Turkle said. “‘Reclaiming Conversation’ is such an upbeat and optimistic book. It will need an update. I didn’t take quite into account how much damage our not talking to each other had done to very basic and politically relevant things.”

Turkle said the idea for this book came right after she finished her last one. As she was putting away the transcripts and research from the 15-year study her last book required, she said one phrase “jumped out across generations” and showed her there was something she had not talked about. “‘I would rather text than talk’ was the phrase that jumped out at me,” Turkle said. “But it wasn’t about texting. It was this desire to stay behind the safety of that screen and not expose themselves to the vulnerability of that face-to-face conversation, where things could go off on a tangent.”

Turkle began to look back over her work, which she describes as an intimate ethnography.

“It’s not that people are silent, they’re just finding ways around that face-to-face conversation,” Turkle said. “Conversation does a very particular kind of work. It’s where empathy grows and connections start. It fosters engagement.”

She said we often take phones out during a conversation to show photos or research an event, thinking we’re doing the conversation a favor. It’s actually the opposite.

Turkle cited a Pew study that showed 89 percent of Americans took out a phone in their last conversation, and then 82 percent, after reflection, said it actually diminished the conversation.

A different study from the Society for Personality and Social Psychology found a 40 percent decline in people’s empathy, with most of the decline in the last 10 years. Turkle suggested it had to do with the presence of phones and other devices.

“A phone is like a subliminal message about all the others elsewheres we can be,” Turkle said.

“Conversations tend toward less weighty matters when a phone is out.”

Turkle also said device use causes people to pay a price in their capacity for solitude, and there is a profound connection between the capacity for solitude and the capacity for conversation.

“Solitude means you have to connect with who you are,” Turkle said. “People need to go to their phones, not because there’s something on their phone but because they cannot be with themselves.”

She said this is not a problem

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of millennials but a problem of everyone who has been smitten by technology.

“Mostly it’s anxiety that leads us back to our phones,” Turkle said.

“That’s the message of our messages.

We want to be on someone’s radar.

We want them to care.”

Marco Garcia, an information science senior at the UA, attended the talk with his friends, neuroscience senior Sydney Sunna and Management Information Systems senior Alexandra Gomez.

Garcia said he had heard phrases that Turkle used before, like “together but alone,” and wanted to learn more about how his phone could be affecting his day-to-day life.

“We just don’t question how much we use our phones anymore,” Garcia said.

Sunna said she came because Garcia told her about the talk, but Gomez was encouraged to attend by a professor.

“I read a little about this speaker, and the idea that I would rather text than talk was true for me for sure,” Gomez said.

Garcia said he had been trying lately to be alone with himself more and has found it takes a conscious effort, but not because he feels disconnection anxiety.

“It feels pretty good, but it’s hard because I feel like I’m not being productive,” Garcia said. “But once I get passed that, after, I feel like I have more direction.”

The talk was put on by UA’s Confluencenter for Creative Inquiry, the College of Humanities, the School of Information, Student Affairs and Enrollment Management and UA Libraries.

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RECLAIMING CONSERVATION IS THE title of both the lecture given by Professor Sherry Turkle on Feb. 3 and the title of her book. The lecture was a look into her studies on the connection between rise of modern technology and, as she phrases, the “human trend of not being able to withstand solitude, as a result of our constant interconnection with the world.”

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News • Monday, February 6-Tuesday, February 7, 2017

GEM SHOW FROM PAGE 1

REBECCA NOBLE/THE DAILY WILDCAT

LEAH MARTINEZ (CENTER LEFT) examines an amethyst sphere in the Village Originals, Inc. at the Kino Gem Show during the annual Tucson Gem and Mineral Show on Saturday, Feb. 4. Martinez, a Tucson native, attends the show almost every year and made a wind chime out of a unique collection of rocks from the show as a Mother’s Day gift last year.

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The main attractions for the show include a 100-ounce gold crystal; The Alma Rose, five large rhodochrosite chunks (also known as Inca Rose) stuck in a slate of quartz and other minerals; and the fossils of three baby dinosaurs found in the Hell Creek Formation, spanning from Montana into the Dakotas and Wyoming.

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of being the mineral location,” Ross said. “There’s a lot of credibility that comes with that.”

Credibility is a currency in itself with regards to academics and tourism. The gem show growing to the world-renowned event that it is today gives the university and the City of Tucson the reputation it needs to attract recurring visitors.

•

Institute for Mineral Resources.

Ross was an exhibitor at the Tucson gem show for a number of years and a member of the Tucson Gem and Mineral Society. Ross even wrote an academic paper on the gem show as part of his dissertation. He explained the importance of the show to the UA and the Mineral Museum.

“It gives Tucson the reputation

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which is partially funded by the Tucson Gem and Mineral Society, the organization that hosted the first gem show.

“For anybody that has an appreciation for things that are natural, it’s really an opportunity to see some of the best mineral, fossils [and] crystals in the world,” said Brad Ross, soon-to-be assistant director of the Lowell

y

The surprising result is that, although spending has increased, the number of exhibits decreased from 49 to 40 from 2007 to 2014.

This year the event plans to have just over 40 exhibits open.

Most of the spending in 2014 came from buyers at the event, roughly $70 million. Owners and exhibitors made up the other $50 million.

“Business is always good for me during the gem show,” said Patricia Sparks, owner of the Mon Ami Bed and Breakfast. “I have repeat customers who have been coming and staying for years, both buyers and exhibitors.”

Tourists also need gas, food and other necessities that will add to spending in the Tucson economy.

The city received $10.4 million in sales, bed and rental taxes during the two week period in 2014.

The long-term impacts are the number of tourists who return at later dates simply to visit.

Many attendees elect to extend their stay and travel around the area, reported regional business magazine BizTUCSON. The tourism industry uses the term “brand ambassadors” to refer to people who talk about places to travel, such as the people who spread the word that Tucson and the Southwest are good places to vacation.

Tucson city government isn’t the only institution with a vested interest in the gem show. The UA, with a nationally competitive mining program, holds an educational authority on minerals.

The UA owns and funds the nonprofit UA Mineral Museum,

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4 • The Daily Wildcat

News • Monday, February 6-Tuesday, February 7, 2017

UA has $350M in deferred maintenance needs Hinging on Gov. Ducey’s proposed state budget, the UA’s $350 million in deferred maintinance needs could balloon to $1 billion in a decade

BY YOOHYUN JUNG THE ARIZONA DAILY STAR (TNS)

UA facilities need about $350 million in deferred maintenance, and without significant investment, that cost could balloon to more than $1 billion in the next decade, school officials said.

A plan in Gov. Doug Ducey’s proposed state budget could result in the university being able to use some sales-tax revenue to put a dent in the long list of needed capital improvements.

The university’s chief financial officer, in a presentation to the Arizona Board of Regents, called the disrepair a “ticking time bomb,” saying it’s just a matter of time until the lack of timely repairs and maintenance creates an emergency situation.

It already has caused some significant problems.

The UA had to repair collapsed concrete on a road near the Student Union Memorial Center while students and faculty were on winter break. In another instance, an electrical fire and loss of power last July at Banner-University Medical Center forced the hospital to evacuate some patients for a 24-hour period while repairs were made.

UA officials analyzed all facilities and identified seven buildings on the main campus as being outdated and in need of the most repairs. They are: Forbes, Steward Observatory, Biological Sciences East and West, Harshbarger, Shantz and the College of Medicine.

Another building, Old Chemistry, built in 1936, which overlooks the UA Mall from the south, is on the list for demolition. Everything, save for its historic facade, has to go, but there aren’t any immediate plans to replace the building.

An anthropology professor called his classroom inside Old Chem “depressing,” saying he hears strange noises every now and then. “It’s not a great educational environment,” said Matthew Rowe, the professor.

But he didn’t know it was so bad it had to be demolished.

The buildings and their infrastructures have lived, and are living, long past their life spans, said Chris Kopach, assistant vice president of facilities management. Most of them were built before the 1970s. For instance, the Forbes building, where the agriculture department is based, was built in 1915, though it has had

upgrades over the years.

Some of the signs of disrepair include cracked concrete, deteriorated insulation, duct leakage, antiquated cold rooms and inefficient lab exhausts. The electrical, mechanical and air-handler systems are 50 to 60 years old in the seven buildings, when the recommended life span would be about 25 years, he said.

It’s not that those buildings are not safe to be in, Kopach said. “As far as the buildings being safe, they’re all safe. This is no different than when you have a home and you have aging infrastructure and equipment.”

The disrepair that poses immediate risk of fire or to safety are addressed quickly, he said. Most of the deferred maintenance is what goes on underneath the layers the public can see, with more than half of it having to do with old heating and cooling systems.

However, there are health issues associated with the systems’ disrepair in buildings.

A UA presentation, as part of its strategic plan, includes a brief on indoor health issues related to deferred maintenance, which says that “long-term effects of temperature, humidity, pressure, noise, vibration, particulates and airborne contaminants may have direct and indirect consequences on individual health.”

Parts of the governor’s proposed budget may allow for additional capital funding for the state’s three public universities to deal with matters such as deferred maintenance and also to invest in newer buildings for research.

But until the budget makes its way through the Legislature, it’s business as usual for the UA: focusing on emergency repairs and preventive measures.

Underground system Beneath the campus lies a utility tunnel system of more than six-anda-half miles that supplies water, steam and more to buildings. The steam that’s used to heat the classrooms during cold weather? That comes through those underground pipes.

Rick Lower, a facilities superintendent, is one of three employees tasked with traveling through the vast tunnel system daily to make sure everything is working, though a lot of monitoring is done remotely through electronic systems.

Late last year, Lower discovered

REBECCA NOBLE/THE DAILY WILDCAT

THE REMNANTS OF A water fountain on the second floor of the Mines and Metallurgy building on Thursday, Dec. 1, 2016. The Mines and Metallurgy building has an estimated $7 million in deferred maintenance.

the concrete on James E. Rogers Way, a narrow one-way road just south of Second Street that connects east and west sides of the campus, had collapsed on top of the tunnel.

Water had infiltrated the concrete over the years, rusting and stretching the rebar that separated the concrete, Lower said. There’s also heavy pedestrian and vehicle traffic in the area.

While students and faculty were away on Christmas break, the facilities management team removed the collapsed concrete, formed a new lid, installed rebar, waterproofed the structure and refilled the concrete in two-and-a-half weeks. That ended up being a costly repair—about $300,000.

There are other parts of the tunnel that need maintenance. There’s concrete falling from heavy traffic in several corridors. “We handle it on an emergency basis,” Kopach said. When there’s more than $300 million worth of maintenance needing to be done, that’s often how it works.

A UA-developed technique is actually helping the university address some of the tunnel issues. Mo Ehsani, a structural engineering professor in the civil engineering department, developed the “Quake Wrap” method, which uses fiber-reinforced polymer

toIf the sales-tax plan is not approved as part of the state budget, the need to solve the deferred-maintenance issue doesn’t diminish, he said. “It just means we need to find other ways to connect the dots to make it happen.” strengthen the structures.

As far as outdated equipment, the facilities management team has done a remarkable job of keeping systems more than 50 years old running, Kopach said. Some of the electrical equipment housed underneath the Arizona State Museum might as well be in the museum because it’s so old, he said.

In the electrical outage at BannerUniversity Medical Center last July the problem was caused by an old electrical system owned by the UA. In fact, it was so old that parts for it had to be bought on eBay, as 1960s highvoltage fuses it needed were no longer being commercially manufactured.

Budget plan has hope Gregg Goldman, the UA’s CFO and senior vice president of business affairs, said he was excited to hear the governor’s budget included a sales tax recapture plan to make capital funding available to the universities.

“I think this is an amazing step in the right direction to solve two

problems,” he said. “One, research infrastructure and new buildings are critical to fund, to be able to attract and retain our top faculty, which helps our contracts and grants and helps us find the next new big thing. It also helps us recognize the older buildings.”

Essentially, what it does is allow universities to take back the sales tax they pay, which would then be matched by each of the three universities and gives them bonding authority. For the UA, the sales tax recapture program could lead to more than $400 million in bonding capacity.

While no decisions have been made about what to prioritize if the sales-tax plan is approved, Goldman said about $225 million could go toward the $350 million deferredmaintenance problem.

“Renewal is cumulative,” he said.

“If we can change the dialogue and change the equation, where now we’re taking $225 million and putting it toward this problem, it’s not going to compound up to a billion.”

Goldman said the university must focus on both building new infrastructure and fixing old ones. Part of that is recognizing the historical significance of some of the buildings and also recognizing the need to grow.

The Daily Wildcat • 5

News • Monday, February 6-Tuesday, February 7, 2017

POLICE BEAT

BY MICHEAL ROMERO @DailyWildcat

“Maybe because I was drunk…”

A University of Arizona Police Department Officer responded to a phone call at 1 p.m. on Monday, Jan. 30, from a UA student who wished to report a stolen wallet.

The student claimed his wallet was taken from his car, which was parked at the Main Gate Parking Garage, on Jan. 28.

The car was parked at the garage between 5:45 p.m. and 9 p.m.

The UA student had a friend drive his car out of the garage because the UA student was intoxicated.

Three charges were made to the student’s debit card with two separate swipes at CVS Pharmacy in the amount of $275 at 9:01 p.m. and $169 at 9:03 p.m. and the third charge was placed at Urban Outfitters for $75.

The UA student told the officer that he contacted the bank and the charges did not go through.

The UAPD officer advised the student that his friends might have been the one’s making the charges without his knowledge.

The UA student considered the possibility and plans to file no charges against the perpetrators.

Car troubles A UAPD officer responded to a report of a stolen vehicle on Monday, Jan. 30, at 4:15 p.m. The alleged grand theft auto occurred from anytime between 5 p.m. on Jan. 22 and 10 a.m. on Jan. 30 at Lot 7156, located at 1146 E. Sixth St. The UA student described the car as a green 1998 Honda Civic with four doors, a large faded paint spot on the hood and a sticker on the rear windshield in the lower left corner with the letters “YC” for Yavapai College.

The UA student reported that she had a parking permit for the lot and that she had accounted for all the keys to the vehicle.

The UA officer checked for a possible impound of the car and there was no result.

The UAPD officer entered the vehicle’s license plate into the system as stolen and the car’s valuation at $1,500.

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OPINIONS

Monday — Tuesday Feb. 6 ­­— Feb. 7 Page 7

Editor: Scott Felix opinion@dailywildcat.com (520) 621-7579

Trending now: Defend the press with #PressOn Trending tweets can make all the difference, support the press and get behind the #PressOn hashtag the press has played in the country since the very start of our nation.

If there’s one thing this country needs now more than ever, it’s a credible press industry

BY LEAH GILCHRIST that’s informing the public with @leahcgilchrist accurate facts.

The First Amendment of our upporting the press in such Constitution establishes there shall a turbulent time for the be no law prohibiting freedom industry has a payoff of of the press. From the humble ensuring we’re getting the facts beginning of our nation, the press we need. has acted as a fourth estate in the Last week #PressOn started government. In our three-branch trending on Twitter as celebrities, government designed with checks public figures, and balances, journalists and the press acts as the general It’s the duty the referee in the public shared checking of a journalist room, their support for for corruption the press. Users to provide in the rest of the started tagging people with the branches. photos and lists of During the time truth. Supporting their subscriptions our country’s this effort will help own president to news organizations the truth survive is condemning across the country. in a time when the press, the The press for support the integrity of need hasn’t been able and to #PressOn to rest easy since the journalism is greater now Inauguration profession is under than ever before.

Day, and the question. " Supporting recent treatment and paying for of journalist subscriptions to leaves many credible news questioning the outlets will be the fuel to keep future of the industry. these organizations going in a President Donald Trump has turbulent time. openly accused the media of The public needs information spreading false information and they know they can rely on. They said journalists, “are among the shouldn’t have to watch the most dishonest people on earth.” constant banter back and forth This coming from the between members of the cabinet president whose team has and the press. already excused misinformation Many celebrities including Ben as “alternative facts.”

Stiller and Steve Kerr voiced their Trump has repeatedly support for the movement. Since mentioned wanting to limit the the start of the hashtag last week, access given to the press, so many publications including the much so they may not even have Washington Post and The New access to the White House. He’s York Times report a noticeable undermined the important role spike in subscribers.

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The support behind these large press organizations keep them relevant and their need as a channel of information for the public still remains.

The public has been caught in the battlefield between the Trump administration and the press, and at the very least the press owes them facts that they can trust.

Journalism is a profession dependent on the people, dependent on their stories, dependent on the loyalty to reporting the truth and dependent on people believing in their institution in order to keep going.

There’s a notion that the public has a right to the news. While it’s in their best interest to be informed,

The Daily Wildcat Editorial Policy Daily Wildcat staff editorials represent the official opinion of the Daily Wildcat staff, which is determined at staff editorial meetings. Columns, cartoons, online comments and letters to the editors do not represent the opinion of the Daily Wildcat.

receive the information for free or to find a way around paying for subscriptions to news outlets, they still aren’t actively supporting the role journalists play in our society.

Supporting the press is one of the most important things the public can do in this time of uncertainty, because the press will advocate for the public. They’ll check the government, and make sure the stories and facts they’re putting out are accurate.

It’s not going to be an easy battle for the press, and they’ll have to stay on their toes throughout this administration. However, gaining the trust and support of the public will ensure the press can fulfill their duty of bringing to the public

the information they need to know.

Paying for subscriptions, and even opening a paper to read facts for ourselves, supports the free press. If we read it and make it relevant, there’s no reason to suppress or remove the important role journalism plays.

It’s the duty of a journalist to provide people with the truth.

Supporting this effort will help the truth survive in a time when the integrity of the journalism profession is under question.

In what has the potential to be an extremely turbulent time for journalists over the next four years, support might be one of the few ways the public can exercise as damage control.

Contact Us The Daily Wildcat accepts original, unpublished letters from readers.

Email letters to the editor to opinion@dailywildcat.com. Letters should include name, connection to the university (year, major, etc.) and contact information. Send snail mail to: 615 N. Park Ave. Tucson, AZ 85719. Letters should be no longer than 350 words and should refrain from personal attacks.

Monday — Tuesday Feb. 6 ­­— Feb. 7 Page 8

SCIENCE

Editor: Logan Nagel science@dailywildcat.com (520) 621-7579

UA researchers sweep Bisgrove Scholarships Researchers at UA won four of the five statewide Bisgrove Scholarships this year, from engineering to geology, their work is advancing science

BY NICOLE MORIN @nm_dailywildcat

“I am developing practical technologies based on these ultra-thin devices for high-speed computing, light emission Four out of the five annual Arizonaand light harvesting [solar cell] wide Bisgrove Scholar Awards applications,” he said. have been awarded to UA Most of the researchers hope researchers. Each will receive to use some of the money to $200,000 to support them in build up their research team their current research. and bring on more graduate Jianqiang Cheng, Michael and undergraduate students to Marty, Luke McGuire and assist them.

John Schaibley are all current “I can use this money to UA assistant professors Who recruit two Ph.D. students plan to put the grant money to each year for two years,” good use.

Cheng said.

Jianqiang Cheng is an The other researchers echo Courtesy John Schaibley assistant professor in systems this sentiment, planning to and industrial engineering. fund student researchers who His research focuses on will become involved with stochastic programming and their team and collaborate on mathematical optimization research and ideas. used to evaluate risks This is potentially beneficial in various fields such to all parties as students gain as renewable energy, experience in a research field transportation and finance. and the researchers have Cheng said he hopes to more assistance. improve the effectiveness While a few of the of stochastic programming researchers have received through his research.

Courtesy Jianqiang Cheng grants before, an external Michael Marty is an assistant grant like the Bisgrove Scholar professor of chemistry program has some advantages, and biochemistry whose research such as allowing the recipients to work examines membrane proteins. Using with more freedom and less specific a type of chemical scale known as criteria. mass spectrometry, his team focuses “There’s less strings attached,” Marty on proteins that live in very specific said. “It’s not like there’s big milestones environments. we have to hit. So, it’s nice to have that “We do it on an individual particle external support in a way that lets us be basis,” said Marty who hopes to continue a little more creative with the science we to build and expand his current lab with want to do and follow new paths.” both students and equipment.

While this year has seen the most UA Geosciences assistant professor Luke researchers awarded the scholarship, the McGuire is researching geomorphology, process is rigorous, with each applicant which interconnects several other drawing up a proposal explaining what fields such as hydrology and applied they will do with their research and how mathematics in a geological foundation. they plan to use the grant money to assist Geomorphology focuses on them in their goals. topographic features and how they are Although highly competitive, a total created by processes occurring near the of $4 million has been awarded to 21 Earth’s surface. researchers through the program since “The award comes with funding that its inception. Other Arizona university will enable me to study post-wildfire researchers are eligible to apply. erosion and debris flow hazards in “It is a great honor to be a Bisgrove Arizona,” McGuire said.

Scholar,” Schaibley said.

John Schaibley is an assistant professor The Bisgrove Scholar program is of physics and studies optical and sponsored by Science Foundation electronic devices on a two-dimensional Arizona, a non-profit organization scale, the thinnest in the world.

COURTESY DIMITRY B/FLICKR/THE DAILY WILDCAT

A BRAIDED RIVER in Iceland. Geomorphologists study the formation of landforms and features, including rivers such as this.

founded in 2006 whose goal is to help exceptional researchers in Arizona transform their research into something beneficial to society.

The grant will allow the researchers to increase their outreach to the scientific community, engage more students and increase the amount of time and effort they can apply to their current work.

“The work funded by my Bisgrove Scholar Award will help facilitate collaborations between my research group, engineers and researchers in industry,” McGuire said. “Establishing these collaborations is exciting because it opens up a wide range of possibilities for future research that I could not explore alone.”

The Daily Wildcat • 9

Science • Monday, February 6-Tuesday, February 7, 2017

LAST WEEK IN SCIENCE

Bat borgs, robo-dragonflies, dinosaurs In case you missed them, here are four science stories that broke ground last week around the world Texas reaches preliminary decision on evolution in school

BY NICOLE MORIN @nm_dailywildcat Robotic bat darts through the air Researchers from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and California Institute of Technology have built and tested “Bat Bot”, a robot bat capable of flight under its own power. Their research was published last Wednesday.

A bat’s flapping method of flying could be more COURTESY PD-USGOV maneuverable than the rotor-driven drones and quadcopters that fill the skies today. In an interview TOWNSEND’S BIG-EARED BAT, Corynorhinus with Science News, Caltech associate professor of townsendii, flys at night. Bat Bot utilizes bat-like silicone wings to flap through the air. aerospace engineering and Bren Scholar Soon-Jo Chung explained that “bat flight is the holy grail of aerial robotics.”

Using sensors and a computer to guide its silicone wings, Bat Bot is an example of biomimicry—design based on natural life. Although Bat Bot’s wings might allow it to fly in wind better than rotor-driven alternatives, the robot is still so fragile that it requires a safety net when it flies.

Cyborg insect medical field

offers

potential

for

Charles Stark Draper Laboratory (CDSL) in Massachusetts has designed a system that enables them to manipulate a dragonfly’s flight.

Researchers with the CDSL and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute have designed backpacks for the insects that connect to light-sensitive neurons in their eyes. These dragonflies have been genetically modified to be more sensitive to light, making them easier to control using liwght pulses.

COURTESY FRANK MICHAUX/NASA The project is called DragonflEye and it goes much AT NASA’S KENNEDY SPACE CENTER in Florida, a deeper than light pulses. A device has also been dragonfly is seen in the Launch Complex 39 area near created that wraps around the dragonfly’s spine, the press site. Researchers discovered how to control a enabling a controller to determine the dragonfly’s dragonfly’s flight by exploiting the insect’s vision. flight path and speed. Genetic modification is also focused on the so-called “steering neurons” located in the nerve cord, which enables dragonflies to make sharp, precise turns.

Some officials at the CDSL said that this type of technology applicable in the medical field, such as improving surgeries. The project was initially born from engineers observing animals in flight to learn how they improve the design of drones.

The Texas Board of Education has held the first of two binding votes on retaining language in the list of biology education standards that some say challenges evolution.

The board voted 9-5 to keep the language, and second vote will take place in April.

Evolution has become an intricate aspect of science since Charles Darwin’s theory of “descent with modification” began to COURTESY STW spread around the world.

THE 1859 COVER OF “The Origin of Species” by Although it is one of the building blocks Charles Darwin. The Texas Board of Education has cast of modern biological thought, evolution a preliminary vote to retain language within the state’s educational guidelines that some consider un-scientific. has always been a point of contention in public schools, where some policy makers and advocates argue alternate theories such as intelligent design should also be taught.

One of the best-known cases may be the Scopes trial in which a public high school teacher was taken to court due to teaching evolution in his science class. Scopes was found guilty but the charges were dropped on a technicality.

In Texas, this first vote retains language such as the “sudden appearance” of life and a request that students “analyze and evaluate” evolutionary processes. While not outwardly discrediting evolution as a scientific theory, some believe that it challenges the idea.

Lessons on the origin of life and other important concepts will remain.

A Series of 5 Lectures Exploring Our World and Ourselves The University of Arizona College of Science, Spring 2017 Series Begins 7PM, Monday, January 30, 2017

Rethinking Reality

Our intuitive understanding of reality comes from what we see and experience, but modern physics tells us our world is actually stranger than the one we see, hear and touch every day. We must rely on new ways of thinking and experimenting to probe the principles which underlie everything. Join us as five University of Arizona physicists explain their role in rethinking reality.

Monday, January 30 Rethinking the Rules of Reality

Dinosaur soft tissue preserved

Monday, February 6 The Journey to the Extreme

The predominant belief in paleontology has been that only bones and teeth commonly survive to the current day. Any soft tissues would likely have rotted away within a couple million years.

A new find has provided more preserved soft tissue for study. Scientists have discovered collagen, a main structural protein, in the remains of a 195 million-year-old long-necked lufengosaurus dinosaur. This is a new record for soft tissue preservation, as they typically decay long before the preservation process COURTESY TSZHO1997 (CC BY-SA 3.0) begins. Other finds have been much younger.

A LUFENGOSAURUS DINOSAUR skeleton in the Hong To prevent damage to the specimen, scientists Kong Science Museum. Researchers have identified used infrared spectroscopy to observe the preserved soft material within a lufengosaurus skeleton interior of the bones, where they found the almost 200 million years old. soft tissue. Evidence of an iron oxide from the dinosaur’s blood was also found. The current focus is on how the soft tissue could have survived for so long and how it was preserved so perfectly.

Experts believe this discovery has the potential to change how dinosaurs are studied, categorized and understood both genetically and physically.

Monday, February 13 Space, Time and Gravity Monday, February 27 A Myriad of Particles Monday, March 6 Domesticating the Quantum

Free!

Join us at UA’s Centennial Hall with pay-per-use parking in the Tyndall Ave Garage. Lectures are free and begin at 7PM. For more information call 520-621-4090. For complete series information, and podcasts of previous lectures, please visit:

uascience.org

Monday — Tuesday Feb. 6 ­­— Feb. 7 Page 10

ARTS & LIFE

Editor: Ava Garcia arts@dailywildcat.com (520) 621-7579

Gem and Jam fest showcases art and music The four-day festival brought music groups, performance artists, food vendors and workshops to its new venue at Pima County Fairgrounds

BY ISAAC ANDREWS @isaacandone

The 11th annual Gem and Jam Festival kicked off Thursday, Feb. 2, and wrapped up Sunday, Feb. 5, at the Pima County Fairgrounds.

The four-day festival featured over 50 live jam bands, electronic musical groups and DJs. Dozens of gem, art and food vendors, art galleries, live painters and visual artists were spread throughout this year’s spacious festival area. This was the first year the festival was held at the fairgrounds.

This year was Emma Cohen’s third visit to Gem and Jam. She said last year’s festival was on a smaller scale but still fun.

“I think the stage production was great; I think the art was really beautiful,” Cohen said.

“There is so much art, it’s incredible.”

David Sheldon, festival partner for Gem and Jam, said previous years have seen about 5,000 attendees, and he expected at least that many this year.

“This place has so much more infrastructure and so much room to grow; it’s way better in pretty much every respect,” Sheldon said.

This year’s location lent a welcoming atmosphere with car and walk-in camping, RV hookups, showers and bathrooms onsite and established stages. Last year’s workshops, latenight and pre-party events were held offsite, so attendees would have to drive or find a way back through town to get the full festival experience.

Festival partner Josh Pollack said another benefit of the fairgrounds location is the nonurban setting; everything is more centralized this year.

“Being able to bring people together like this is really an incredible feeling,” Pollack said.

“Creating this type of environment for people to really express themselves and be creative and be inspired and make connections.”

Sheldon said even the sound was limited at last year’s venue at The Slaughterhouse, where they had to keep music between about 80 to 85 decibels.

“Here there’s no limit so we can crank it; it’s awesome,” Sheldon said.

Music could be heard throughout the festival all night and each day, varying in intensity.

Performances ranged from The Floozies, G Jones and Gramatik to the “late night” DJs in the indoor stage area. Individual communities within tent groups also played music and held miniature dance parties.

Joshua Schultheis was one of many volunteers who offered trash and recycling services in exchange for a waived ticket price.

He also helped organize lighting for various art installations around the festival with equipment he brought to Tucson from Flagstaff.

CEDAR GARDNER/THE DAILY WILDCAT

PERFORMERS AT THE ANNUAL Gem and Jam Festival on Saturday, Feb. 4, play in front of the audience. The festival featured musical groups, art performances, food vendors and workshops.

“I do visuals and lighting at other events,” Schultheis said. “So I walked up to them and just asked them, and they were totally cool with me doing stuff for them.”

A community atmosphere was a huge part of the festival. People dressed in all sorts of colorful clothing attended the festival. A man spinning fire or brightly colored poi balls could be seen entertaining groups of adults and children all dancing around the lights.

Strangers introduced each other with hugs before asking names. Some men and women did yoga next to their canine friends. Every passerby had a glowing smile.

Brandon Hendrickson came to the festival for his first time this year with his significant other and their three children. He said the festival has been a really good example for himself and his children of how a community can be when everyone works together and unites. Hendrickson said his children have really loved it and it gave them a chance to blossom and express themselves.

“To inspire them is the most eternal thing we can do,” Hendrickson said. “To give our generations, as they come, something to hold on to.”

Pollack said Gem and Jam is still on a smaller, intimate level of overall festivals.

“It’s still got that community feel where you see the same people year after year,” Pollack said. “It’s kind of like a family reunion type vibe, so it makes it all worth the work and months of planning, being able to experience that first-hand.”

Jon Imeson was a live artist during Friday night’s late-night event with the Desert Hearts Showcase. He also had his art up in galleries during the festival. Imeson said he tries to practice automatism in his work, which is basically having no subject while you are creating the art. “[Gem and Jam] is really one of my favorite festivals. Having the music and the art and the installations and the workshops here, it’s really like all you could ask for in a festival,” Imeson

said. “It’s really one of the most prominent in the U.S.” Sheldon said he likes seeing people develop year after year during the festival.

“A basic painter three years ago, you might see them taking off to a different level at this point,” Sheldon said.

The Gem and Jam Festival is frequented by people who came from the Tucson Gem, Mineral and Fossil Showcase to see Tucson’s other attractions. The showcase attracts people of all nationalities to visit Tucson and observe, learn about, buy and sell interesting gems and minerals.

Christian Johnson walked into the festival Friday night with a ukulele and his backpack.

This was Johnson’s first time at Gem & Jam, and he said he is infinitely in love with jam music.

“I wasn’t really coming with expectations except to camp, see great music and meet great people,” Johnson said. “I know without a doubt, that I’ll find great music, a great camping spot and lovely people to hang out with.”

The Daily Wildcat • 11

Arts & Life • Monday, February 6-Tuesday, February 7, 2017

HEY, BARISTA! Scented Leaf

BY TAYLOR BRESTEL @taylorbrestel

Hanaã Obeidat is not your typical barista.

She works at The Scented Leaf on University Boulevard, but she doesn’t serve coffee. She serves tea instead.

The Scented Leaf is a popular hangout for UA students, with its large variety of teas and plenty of seating. Customers can order tea on tap, or take their favorite tea home with them to make later. It’s basically a Starbucks for tea lovers, and since some of their tea is caffeinated, it can give you energy as well.

Recently, the owners raised over $5,000 through a crowdfunding campaign to open a second location downtown.

Daily Wildcat: What’s your job at The Scented Leaf?

Hanaã Obeidat: I’m a barista. We call ourselves baristas, tea connoisseurs.

How long have you been working there?

HO: A year and a half.

Hanaã Obeidat talks tea making What do you do?

HO: Basically, we do a little bit of everything.

We run the register, make tea for people, work in the back kitchen doing stuff back there, we clean. We have a bunch of different duties, but it’s mostly making tea for people.

What’s your favorite tea to make?

HO: Wow, that’s a good question. I love the prickly pear tea, it’s super good. I like doing that with lemon and sweetener.

Is there a popular tea that lots of customers come in and order?

HO: Our fruit bomb is probably our most popular, especially if you’re not very into tea or it’s your first time coming in. It’s probably the most popular concoction that we have. It’s all the fruit teas on tap with sweetener and lemon. It’s really good.

What’s the best part of your job?

HO: Probably my coworkers. I love them.

They’re not even my coworkers, they’re my friends. Yeah it’s cheesy, but I love them.

How would you describe the atmosphere of The Scented Leaf? Why do people like coming here?

HO: It’s laid-back. Everyone’s really friendly.

You can come here to study and get work done, but you could also come to hang out and chat.

CARMEN VALENCIA/THE DAILY WILDCAT

SOPHOMORE HANAÃ OBEIDAT MAKES tea at Scented Leaf on University Boulevard, Friday, Feb. 3.

It’s fun. I like it. There’s a good community here. Everyone that comes in is really nice. It’s definitely the people that make the place. It’s really exciting and it’s a really fun place to be whether you’re working or just chilling.

Any other news about The Scented Leaf?

HO: We’re opening a new location and it’s really exciting. We’re actually opening our new shop in March on Congress Street, next to the Rialto Theatre. March 1 is the opening, hopefully.

Diva La Paz celebrates LGBTQ community

BY BRIANNA LEWIS @DailyWildcat

Tucson’s Black Cat, Ajia Simone and a team of divas performed for the 21st annual drag queen show at UA on Friday night. The yearly event is hosted by the UA and the staff of Colonia de la Paz Residence Hall.

Diva la Paz had a rocky start­. During its first performance, signs were hung up by students in disapproval of a drag show being held in their residence hall, and one of the performers was even struck by raw eggs, according to Simone.

“A good thing came out of it,” Simone said.

The performer said it opened the student’s eyes, particularly the ones who were genuinely enjoying the show. It gave them a perspective on what the divas deal with on a daily basis, she said.

The event grows each year, drawing in more and more UA students. A variety of people attend Diva la Paz. “Every year it’s just gotten better,” Simone said.

The drag show began at 7 p.m., but doors opened an hour earlier. Before the show, there was an opportunity for the guests to learn some background history on the LGBT community.

An entire study room was transformed into a museum, known as the pride room.

Matthew Linton, the community director of La Paz, helped coordinate the show for the first time this year.

“The pride room is really just set up to show

how big of an impact the LGBTQ community has on the world,” Linton said. “So we really highlight the definitions of each letter in the acronym.”

According to Linton, they go beyond the letters and include other types of sexual identities.

After the performance by the divas, a Q&A gave students a chance to learn more about their drag lifestyle. The divas were all open when it came to discussing their day-to-day lives.

“The message that I leave every year is that there’s two sides to everything, and sometimes three,” Simone said. “You can’t have anybody question what is natural.”

Simone also expressed her belief that we, as humans, make each other who we are, specifically because we’re different. Simone’s philosophy is that everything is exactly the way it’s supposed to be, and there are certain things the world shouldn’t question.

Students also lined up for photos and one-onone conversations with the divas after the event was over.

La Paz dedicates the entire first half of the school year to this event. All the planning of the layout, decorations and corresponding with the divas are just parts of it, Linton said.

The staff at La Paz also decorates a specific room just for the queens, giving them the proper space they need to get ready for their big performances.

This event is always open to the whole UA community but began right in La Paz. It was

CECILIA ALVAREZ/THE DAILY WILDCAT

A DIVA PERFORMS DURING Diva La Paz at Colonia de la Paz Residence Hall on Nov. 7, 2014, to raise awareness about issues facing the LGBT community. A residence assistant created the event 21 years ago.

created by a residence assistant 21 years ago and continues to be a memorable event that residents and staff are proud to present on a yearly basis.

Linton does not see the event leaving La

Paz any time soon due to the long-lasting relationships that have been formed between the drag community and the UA.

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2/06

Publisher’s Notice: All real estate advertised herein is subject to the Federal Fair Housing Act, which makes it illegal to advertise any preference, limitation or discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, handicap, familial status or national origin, or intention to make any such preferences, limitations or discrimination. We will not knowingly accept any advertising for real estate which is in violation of the law. All persons are hereby informed that all dwellings advertised are available on an equal opportunity basis.

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The Daily Wildcat Goes great with your morning coffee

Comics • Monday, February 6-Tuesday, February 7, 2017

The Daily Wildcat • 13

Space Pig

By Ali Alzeen

PATRICK CHAPPATTE, THE INTERNATIONAL NEW YORK TIMES

ENTER TO WIN TICKETS MCDOWELL MOUNTAIN MUSIC FESTIVAL | MARCH 3-5, 2017

Enter at DailyWildcat.com/MMMF All entries must be submitted by February 10th, 2017 by midnight. Winners will be randomly drawn. No purchase necessary.

14 • The Daily Wildcat

Sports • Monday, February 6-Tuesday, February 7, 2017

Oregon Ducks reign on Arizona’s parade

BY SAUL BOOKMAN @Saul_Bookman

The Oregon Ducks stepped on the gas and never let off in an 85-58 drubbing of the No. 5 Arizona Wildcats men’s basketball team in Matthew Knight Arena on Saturday.

The Ducks started the game as on fire as you could get, hitting their first 10 of 13 3-point shots and jumping out to a 27-point lead at one point in the first half. Oregon shot 16 for 22 overall and seemingly couldn’t miss no matter how they were guarded.

Tyler Dorsey and Casey Benson were a combined seven for seven from three for Oregon in the first half, Dorsey made all six of his attempts for the game. Dillon Brooks also chipped in 18 points and was the second leading scorer behind Dorsey who finished with 23.

“They shot like an NBA team, they shot really well,” said freshman guard Rawle Alkins. “It’s tough to say anything when they’re hitting shots the way they were. You got Dillon Brooks, Dorsey, Benson, I don’t even think [Dylan] Ennis scored this game.

Ennis was supposed to be their leading 3-point shooter and he didn’t even score a bucket on us and they still blew us out.”

For Arizona, the game could not have gone any worse. The Wildcats had just

11 points with four minutes remaining in the first half and struggled from the field, shooting just under 26 percent. The Wildcats hit two 3’s in the first half and struggled to find any rhythm due to the length and shot blocking ability of the Ducks, the nation’s number one team in blocked shots. The Ducks swatted seven UA attempts away and kept Arizona on edge and staggering for most of the afternoon.

One bright spot for Arizona offensively was the play of Rawle Alkins. The freshman from Brooklyn didn’t let the score dictate his effort as he contributed a team-high 16 points on 7-11 shooting.

“Sometimes you have to give credit to your opponent and realize it wasn’t lack of effort, it wasn’t lack of preparation,” said Arizona head coach Sean Miller. “They had some answers, they are an excellent team. I think we played an excellent team, I hope it’s their best, if they have another level above that that’s a bad thing for every team in the country, they played great and we didn’t have any answers today.”

The Wildcats drop to 21-3 on the year, 10-1 in the Pac-12 and Oregon improves to the same record. If the season were to end today Oregon would be the regular season champions due to having the tie-breaker with Arizona, however, there are seven games left for both schools. On Wednesday,

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COURTESY ADAM EBERHARDT/ THE EMERALD

ARIZONA’S PARKER JACKSON-CARTWRIGHT drives through Oregon’s defense during the Wildcats game against the Ducks on Feb. 5.

Arizona returns to McKale to face Stanford while Oregon travels to Los Angeles to take on UCLA on Thursday. The Pac-12 race is far from over.

“This game is over with, we’re done with it,” Alkins said. “We leave this trip in Oregon and go back to Tucson tonight and from there it’s just a bounce back game against Stanford.”

DANIELLE SPENCER FROM PAGE 16

heart and sense of compassion, she wanted to make her career choice and her time in college count,” Carol said. “I think she figured out that because she is a healthy, smart young lady that she can push herself to make a difference and have a meaningful career helping others while doing what she loves.”

Carrying over the passion of helping others to her teammates, Spencer has the ability to understand and motivate her teammates.

Team captain and roommate Krysten Howard sees the motivation and support Spencer brings to the floor at practices and meets.

“The passion and drive Dani demonstrates in the gym is only a piece of who she truly is,”Howard said. “If she isn’t in the gym more often than not she has her head in a text book. And if you ask her why she works so hard in school, without the slightest hesitation, she will tell you about James, her special needs twin brother.”

Spencer finds joy in gymnastics and is inspiring to Howard and the rest of her team.

“Spencer wants to change lives and be a light to those in need,” Howard said. “I have never met someone more dedicated toward their goals as Danielle Spencer.”

COURTESY DANIELLE SPENCER

DANIELLE SPENCER POSES AS a child during gymnastics practice.

Spencer recently had the honor to walk with her brother James out onto the floor during a home meet at McKale Center.

“Seeing the smile on his face was very heartwarming,” Spencer said. “It was very special to share that with him.”

Spencer is in her sophomore year and is competing in the 2016-2017 season.

Sports • Monday, February 6-Tuesday, February 7, 2017

The Daily Wildcat • 15

Arizona’s lopsided loss at Oregon won’t reflect result of Pac-12, NCAA Tournament

BY JUSTIN SPEARS @JustinESports

It wasn’t close. Not even a little bit. Maybe the powder the Oregon student section threw on the court in the opening minute that delayed the game for three minutes was a form of witchcraft because it sure felt like it.

No. 5 Arizona came into the contest against No. 13 Oregon with pride, because the Wildcats were riding a 15-game winning streak and were alone atop of the Pac-12 conference.

The Ducks proceeded to take every ounce of confidence the Wildcats had by giving head coach Sean Miller his worst loss at the helm since Jimmer Fredette dropped 49 points on nine 3-pointers for BYU in 2009.

“Oregon’s a great team—give credit to them, ” said Arizona freshman Rawle Alkins. “They played hard, they wanted it more and I don’t remember the last time they lost at home.

My dad always told me, that sometimes it takes an old-fashioned kick in the butt to finally install a sense of motivation moving forward to prevent the worst from happening. He didn’t say it exactly in those words, but it applies to how Arizona spent its Saturday afternoon and what to expect from the Wildcats moving forward.

Let’s face it, Arizona was a ticking time bomb with these stretch of games even in the non-conference schedule where the Wildcats played a half of basketball. But since the talent level is among the best in college basketball, Arizona continued to push its luck and hung on game-after-game.

Oregon brought the ruckus and not to take anything away from the Ducks, but how often do they shoot it like that? In the first half, Dillon Brooks had 10 points on 66 percent shooting while Tyler Dorsey went 4-for-4 from 3-point range. The Ducks headed into the locker room shooting 71 percent from beyond the arc.

“I thought they were an aggressive team—attacking the rim,” Alkins said.

“If you see the stat sheet, all of their points came from threes.”

Oregon’s best 3-point performance this season was the second game of the season at Baylor when the Ducks shot 50 percent, but the Ducks lost to Baylor 66-49. Dorsey finished the afternoon 6-for-6 from 3-point range, which equaled his total from the previous five games combined.

Arizona was ninth in the country in perimeter defense and after Saturday, the Wildcats fell down to No. 31. Sounds awful, but Arizona would’ve had to half-court press Oregon if they wanted to stop them from draining threes.

“Effort wasn’t a problem. It was certainly execution,” Miller said.

“Today we needed to play great. In my mind even if we played great, it still wouldn’t of been enough at the end of the day, because of how well they played.”

Miller emphasized on the bigger picture, because for a team like Arizona to lose like this, the immediate reaction is “these guys aren’t a Final Four team” or questioning the greatness of this team, but every dog has its day.

If Arizona pulled out a win in Eugene Saturday, they would’ve given off an immortal and untouchable impression, but these guys are only human.

The sun is still going to come out tomorrow, Arizona is still tied atop the conference and the Wildcats are still going to be a top-15 team.

Every national contender in some way shape or form got the butt whooping of a lifetime whether it was this season, last season or 20 seasons ago—it happens. As of now Oregon is the best team in the Pac12 and if Arizona wants another crack at them expect a date on a neutral court at the Pac-12 Conference championship at the newly built T-Mobile Arena in Las Vegas.

Until then, enjoy the ride.

“I’m disappointed the game ended the way it did, but in the long journey of the season, you have those peaks and you have those valleys,” Miller said. “If this is our valley, then we have to pick ourselves up off the mat and be ready to go here when we get back against Stanford and Cal.”

COURTESY ADAM EBERHARDT/THE EMERALD

ARIZONA’S DUSAN RISTIC DUNKS the ball during the game against Oregon on Feb. 4. Arizona fell 85-58 to the Ducks.

Monday — Tuesday Feb. 6 ­­— Feb. 7 Page 16

SPORTS

Editor: Christopher Deak sports@dailywildcat.com (520) 621-7579

Love for brother, helping others drives Gymcat UA gymnast Danielle Spencer has always a passion for helping others, particularly her twin brother James, who is disabled.

BY SYRENA TRACY @syrena_tracy

After a long practice, University of Arizona gymnast Danielle Spencer grabs her backpack, textbooks and headphones and makes her way to the library to study for biomedical engineering.

After moving from her birthplace in New York to Scottsdale, Arizona at the age of 4, Spencer’s mother Carol Spencer put her into gymnastics classes immediately. Her mother had participated in gymnastics while in the United Kingdom and she decided to see if Spencer would enjoy the sport.

Spencer grew to love the sport of gymnastics and started jumping to different programs.

She soon ended up attending Gold Medal Gymnastics, owned by 1996 Gold Medalist Amanda Borden. Spencer would go on to train there for six years.

Spencer received offers from multiple Division I schools, but the UA caught Spencer’s attention for gymnastics, academics and the overall atmosphere of the campus. As a previous attendee of UA gymnastics summer camps, Spencer knew former head coach Bill Ryden, who ended up recruiting her. “[Ryden] was also an engineer, and I knew I wanted to do biomedical engineering,” Spencer said.

Despite the hard work Spencer has put into gymnastics at the UA, her true passion lies within her textbooks, where she continues to enjoy studying biology and chemistry.

Since Spencer’s sophomore year of high school, there was no question of what she wanted to be when she grew up. Spencer has a passion for helping others who are like her brother.

“I have a twin special needs brother named James,” Spencer said. “James had severe epilepsy when he was younger, has poor motor skills along with speaking and learning disabilities, but the worst part [was] his seizures.”

When Spencer was just ten years old, her brother had to go into the hospital to determine if there was anything to do to help stop the seizures that he has.

The results found that it came from all different parts of the brain.

Spencer wanted to become a neurosurgeon during her freshman year

COURTESY DANIELLE SPENCER

DANIELLE SPENCER POSES WITH her twin brother James.

of high school due to the procedures James had to go through. One of those procedures in particular, referred to as the “split brain surgery,” involves separating the left and right hemispheres of the brain to stop seizures. That procedure has worked wonders for James according to Spencer.

“They say after 18 months if the nerve endings haven’t started to reconnect he should be seizure-free, and it’s been almost six years and he hasn’t had one since,” Spencer said. “So after that I wanted to be a neurosurgeon because no one had been able to help my brother like that.”

Becoming a neurosurgeon was just the first idea Spencer had of what she

wanted to become, but her scientific curiosity has continued to lead her to other avenues of the field.

Spencer describes a time when she was watching 60 Minutes with her family and a segment about biomedical engineering came on. It immediately grabbed Spencer’s eye when the show covered prosthetic limbs for vets and amputees, along with the findings of ways to end seizures in nerve endings.

“I remember watching that [60 Minutes segment] and thinking I can incorporate that sort of technology for someone like my brother because his way of life still isn’t normal or typical,” Spencer said.

Until the age of 10, Spencer thought her

life alongside her twin brother was normal.

“It was normal if it was a Saturday and we were watching a movie and all of a sudden James just drops to the floor with a seizure and [I had to] hold his head up to make sure he doesn’t bite his tongue,” Spencer said. “That was normal to me. I didn’t think anything of it.”

Spencer is currently studying biomedical engineering at the UA and plans to continue to help others like her brother James.

Spencer’s mother Carol has always seen her daughter in a calm and caring manner throughout her life.

“I think growing up with James fueled a passion in Danielle, she has a huge

DANIELLE SPENCER, 14