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THE DAILY WILDCAT WEDNESDAY-THURSDAY OCTOBER 14-15, 2015

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Arizona’s offense has a newfound monster P12

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October 14-15, 2015 • Page 2 Editor: Sam Gross

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Democratic debate highlights

BY Michelle Jaquette The Daily Wildcat

The top five Democratic presidential candidates of 2016—aside from Vice President Joe Biden, who has still not decided if he is running—met on the debate stage for the first time Tuesday night. Anderson Cooper brought the fire during a two-hour long CNN debate.

Here are the top five moments: Clinton’s “damn emails” Sanders finally said what millions of Americans have been thinking over the past seven months of news coverage on Clinton’s email scandal.

“The American people are sick and tired of hearing about your damn emails,” Sanders said. “Let’s talk about the real issues facing America.”

Sanders prefaced his statement by saying that it “may not be great politics” to agree with Clinton about the emails, but in the end it was a winning move, further showcasing Sanders’ authenticity.

Obama and Clinton “crashed” Chinese meeting Clinton expertly steered the conversation toward her history with foreign policy, and the key role she has played in the Chinese climate change agreement.

“I have been on the forefront of dealing with climate change, starting in 2009, when President [Barack] Obama and

I crashed a meeting with the Chinese and got them to sign up to the first international agreement to combat climate change that they’d ever joined,” she said.

Do black lives matter, or do all lives matter?

CNN was criticized last month for failing to bring up the Black Lives Matter movement in the Sept. 16 GOP debate. They did not make the same mistake twice.

Sanders and Martin O’Malley agreed that black lives do matter; Clinton said President Obama has made headway with issues in the black American community, but then turned her attention to early childhood education in a statement that came as a shock to many viewers.

“We need to be committed to making it possible for every child to live up to his or her God-given potential,” Clinton stated.

College affordability Sanders shined during the discussion of the affordability of secondary education, pointing out that a four-year college degree is now the equivalent of what a high school diploma was 50 years ago.

Sanders called Clinton’s college affordability plan complex and stressed that his plan to make all public colleges and universities tuition-free would be paid for by taxes on Wall Street speculation.

The Daily Wildcat

Rep. Martha McSally spoke to a room full of concerned students and citizens Tuesday night about the evolving relationship between the U.S. and Israel.

McSally, who represents Arizona’s 2nd District in the U.S. House of Representatives, spoke at a student leadership dinner held by CatPAC: Wildcats for Israel and Christians

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Courtesy of CNN

U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton speaks at the Democratic Party’s presidential debate on Oct. 13. Five candidates faced off Tuesday night for the first Democratic debate of the 2016 presidential race.

Clinton went on the defensive, saying, “My plan would enable anyone to go to a public college or university tuition-free. You would not have to borrow money for tuition. ... But, yes, I would like students to work 10 hours a week.”

Reinstate Glass-Steagall O’Malley, the former governor of Maryland who is currently third in the polls, was adamant about reinstating the Glass-Steagall Act that once

limited commercial banking.

Clinton thanked O’Malley at the beginning of the debate for supporting her 2008 run, but O’Malley insists that they now have one great difference between them.

“You are not for putting a firewall between this speculative, risky, shadowbanking behavior,” he said of Clinton.

— Follow Michelle Jaquette @MichelleJaquet

McSally comes to UA, talks Israel

BY Sebastian Laguna

THE DAILY WILDCAT

United for Israel.

The event was held in the Hillel Center on campus and hosted students and organizations from across campus.

“Our goal is to galvanize support for Israel on campus by educating students,” said Shaina Marco, the president of CatPAC: Wildcats for Israel.

Marco stressed the need for students on campus to learn about the many issues concerning Israel.

“By strengthening our relationship with local and state officials, we can shed a light on the issues facing Israel,” Marco said.

McSally opened her speech by highlighting the diverse cultures within Israel and how the U.S.-Israeli relationship continues to evolve.

The congresswoman stressed her belief that the U.S. and Israel need a stronger

Mcsally, 3

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The Daily Wildcat • 3

News • October 14-15, 2015

mcsally from page 2

relationship.

“We need to have [Israel’s] back through the things we are doing with them militarily, such as the Iron Dome and other programs, economic investment by helping to bring businesses to Israel and by developing a stronger foreign policy,” McSally said. “We need to do what we can to take actions that aren’t going to boost [Israel’s] enemies.”

McSally shared several experiences that she had in Israel during a recent trip she took with 35 of her Republican colleagues a few weeks ago.

“Every single person I talked to was against the Iranian deal, and they were very united on that front,” she said. “I kept hearing the word ‘confusion’ on why America would let this happen.”

McSally, who opposed the Iranian

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nuclear deal, said that the deal places Iran’s interests above those of Israel and poses a significant threat to Israel’s security.

In addition to speaking with many Israeli citizens, McSally said that, during her trip, she visited with the Israel Defense Forces and shared her admiration for the work they do.

“I was amazed with the level of maturity and responsibility that these young people have and their ability to make split-second decisions,” she said. “The level of restraint and the process of making sure collateral damage is minimal during military action is beyond anything I’ve ever seen; it goes above and beyond anything you would expect under international laws of conflict.”

McSally said she believes national and international security will be important topics in the upcoming election.

“We need to raise awareness and crank up the pressure so that people

are making thoughtful choices in 2016, and that includes all levels of government,” she said.

McSally also urged audience members to take action and to share their feelings on Israel with their peers and with the larger community.

“It is vitally important for you to be strong voices for Israel. It may be easier to stay silent, but it’s important for you to use your voices,” she said.

“It takes courage as a young person to interject a different viewpoint.”

McSally said she is optimistic that messages of support for Israel can have continued impact within the campus and the community.

“You guys can be a beacon of light to shine a light on these things. You have to stand against the silence and hypocrisy that is going on right now,” McSally said.

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U.S. Rep. Martha McSally addresses students and members of the public about the benefits of strengthening the U.S. relationship with Isreal on Tuesday, Oct. 13. McSally visited Israel with 35 other Republicans earlier this year.

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4 • The Daily Wildcat

News • October 14-15, 2015

Activists fight for LGBTQ equality

BY Lauren Renteria The Daily Wildcat

Breaking down barriers, the UA LGBTQ Resource Center works toward a safe and accepting society for those involved in the community by celebrating Coming Out Week 2015.

Coming Out Week is dedicated to National Coming Out Day, which was created to raise awareness about the LGBTQ community. The week is celebrated annually by institutions across the country and the globe.

The UA kicked off this 10-day celebration Wednesday, Oct. 7.

Earlier this year, the LGBTQ community won a battle in the fight for equality with the Supreme Court’s decision to legalize marriage equality nationwide. Despite this victory, the LGBTQ community maintains that there are many hurdles to overcome.

One goal of the center is to understand various challenges facing the community that are in need of awareness, like mental health, transgender issues, homeless youth, bullying and job discrimination.

A study by The Williams Institute at the University of California, Los Angeles, School of Law on LGBTQ rights revealed that, in Arizona, only four localities have implemented a law enforcing protection from sexual orientation and gender identity discrimination in the workplace, leaving 67 percent of Arizona’s LGBTQ workforce vulnerable to discrimination in the workplace.

The UA LGBTQ Resource Center works toward goals that combat these hardships faced by the community.

Major objectives of the center are

Rebecca Noble/The Daily Wildcat

A participant and her child in the Pride on Parade 2015 procession down Fourth Avenue on Saturday, Oct. 10. The Pride Parade was a part of Tucson Pride’s Coming out Week 2015.

building community and education, goals it strives to accomplish through collaboration with other Tucson organizations.

Cole Eskridge, a UA entomology and insect science graduate student and president of Out in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, an LGBTQ-inclusive club for those in STEM fields, explained the disparities between members of the community.

“With the [oSTEM] club, growing up as a queer male, I noticed that there wasn’t enough of LGBTQ individuals in the field,” Eskridge said.

“I want people to see examples of LGBT folk in STEM science fields so

that they don’t feel like they are alone.”

LGBTQ individuals face many problems while working in STEM research. Stereotypes play a large role in how these individuals are perceived and what research they do. The 2-year-old club uses the education of LGBTQ individuals in STEM fields to promote community building and acceptance, Eskridge said.

One major accomplishment for the UA LGBTQ community is the use of preferred names on official documents at the university.

The UA now allows transgender individuals to use their preferred names on school documents, like UAccess accounts, CatCards and

D2L profiles. Additionally, Residence Life has made efforts to work with the center to create gender-inclusive housing on campus, meaning that a transgender student could live among people of the gender they identify with.

The university has now implemented gender-neutral restrooms in all new on-campus buildings and appropriate healthcare for transgender students at Campus Health Service.

However, while transgender students are provided healthcare, the UA’s transgender faculty members are still excluded from universityprovided healthcare by a special rider

applied to the available insurance plans.

Even with the changes made to existing laws, it can be difficult for many to change their opinion on the LGBTQ community, according to Mary Knudson, student co-director of the LGBTQ Resource Center.

Transgender individuals have been harassed on campus for using the restroom they feel comfortable in, and situations in which roommates have been disapproving of a community member are not uncommon.

“A lot of it is just feeling unsafe in public spaces,” Knudson said. “It can be very intimidating to be an advocate for the community. In doing that, you can potentially put yourself at great personal risk.”

Those at the Resource Center understand that changing social values can be difficult; as a result, they have implemented the Safe Zone training program. Safe Zone is an approximately three-hour workshop that serves as a crash-course in educating UA students, staff and faculty members about the LGBTQ community.

The program is open, free to everyone and available every few weeks at the center.

“While not all of the communities have become this way, we now have a lot more space to be safe,” Knudson said. “Now that people know we are here, we are a little more free to create our own space. They have allowed us to explore and fight for what we need to fight for.”

— Follow Lauren Renteria @lauren_renteria

Mark Killian moves on from the regents

BY Sam Gross

The Daily Wildcat

Regent Mark Killian stepped down from the Arizona Board of Regents last month after serving on the board since 2010.

Killian’s resignation came roughly five months after Gov. Doug Ducey appointed him director of the Arizona Department of Agriculture.

“The department of agriculture has gone through a lot of stresses in the past 10 years.

They’ve cut a lot of money out of the agency, but they have not reduced the workload, and there are a lot of things going on right now in the agriculture industry in Arizona. Most people don’t realize that it is a $17 billion industry,” Killian said, outlining his reasons for leaving the board of regents. “The department of agriculture is charged with protecting that industry and

protecting the public; it’s a dual role.”

For the first five months in his new position, Killian served both as the director of the department of agriculture and on the board of regents. Both organizations have had heavy budget cuts levied against them in recent years.

“Something had to give, and I came to the realization that I was not irreplaceable on the board of regents,” Killian said. “I’m not the only person that suggested that we need to put more money into universities, and I felt that the appropriate thing to do would be to back off of the board of regents because there’s a lot of very well-qualified, good people who could probably do a better job than I did with the regents.”

Killian made a name for himself with the regents as a fierce proponent of public education. He focused his efforts on the subject of affordability, culminating in 2014 when he

suggested that the regents sue “not just the governor, but everybody,” under the pretense that the state wasn’t upholding its constitutional obligation to make education as free as possible.

Killian said he plans to continue to be an outspoken voice for post-secondary education even though he has moved on from the board.

Student Regent Mark Naufel said he thinks Killian will continue his fight to better the state of education in Arizona.

“Obviously, Regent Killian is going to continue to serve the people of Arizona, just in a different capacity,” Naufel said. “He’s got such a servant’s heart; he’s the kind of guy that doesn’t even need a position to serve the state. I think he just has a love for public service and a love for the community as a whole.”

Killian said he thinks his lack of hesitation when it came to voicing his opinion is part of the

reason Ducey appointed him to his position at the department of agriculture. He said that just like education, agriculture is an industry he feels is highly underrated.

“I think that’s another reason why the agriculture people asked me to take the job: because they think I am an articulate spokesman that can—just like with the universities—help the agriculture community articulate what it means to Arizona,” Killian said. “And I’m humbled by that.”

The governor will be appointing a replacement for Killian, according to Julie Newberg, communications manager for the board of regents.

— Follow Sam Gross @samzgross

The Daily Wildcat • 5

News • October 14-15, 2015

POLICE BEAT

BY MEGHAN FERNANDEZ The Daily Wildcat

Swayin’ swagger Two University of Arizona Police Department officers on patrol encountered an intoxicated student struggling to stand up near First Street and Warren Avenue.

The male student was using a street lamp for support and, when he tried to stand, lost his balance as he stepped into the street.

The two officers approached the student, who smelled of alcohol and was again propping himself up against the street lamp. One officer asked the student for identification and he presented a driver’s license, which the officer used to identify him as a UA student.

The student told the officers he lived in a residence hall on campus, so the officers drove the student back to his hall. Once at the hall, one officer told the student that he would be issued a diversion for a minor in possession of alcohol in the body .

The student proceeded to tell the officers he would check his email regarding the diversion. He also told the officers he couldn’t remember what or how much he drank that night.

Date Dash party foul Two UAPD officers arrived at the Colonia de la Paz Residence Hall regarding a drunk female student who needed medical assistance.

The student was on the floor of a bathroom stall when the two officers arrived. University Emergency Medical Services was already there and proceeded to help the student out of the bathroom and lead her to the hallway so she could sit down.

Once seated, the student vomited.

Shortly after, Tucson Fire Department arrived to evaluate her. The student had watery eyes and was talking loudly and incoherently. She told TFD she drank too much that night.

One officer spoke with the student’s boyfriend, who explained that the female student was drinking earlier and that they had attended a Date Dash. The student’s boyfriend said she got sick on the way back to campus.

One officer read the student her Miranda rights, and then asked her if she would answer some questions. She said she would. She informed the officer that she drank before the Date Dash, but did not disclose the location, and said she had “10 drinks” of vodka.

The student was issued a diversion for a minor in possession of alcohol in the body .

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The Daily Wildcat • 7

News • October 14-15, 2015

UAPD officers implement body cameras

BY Elisabeth Morales The Daily Wildcat

The University of Arizona Police Department will implement the use of body cameras on some of their officers beginning the first week of November.

The announcement came during a UAPD Town Hall Meeting on Oct. 1 when UAPD Chief Brian Seastone said it was time to start putting body cameras into action in the field.

The cameras are lightweight, come with a built-in speaker and can be worn in various ways.

Another beneficial feature that comes with the camera is the cataloguing of footage as public record, making it available to any citizen who makes a request, Seastone said during the meeting.

UAPD ordered 58 cameras, and each officer up to the sergeant level will be equipped with a camera, said UAPD Crime Prevention Officer Joe Bermudez.

“We basically need to show our side of the story,” Bermudez said. “This is going to help protect our officers, and it’s also going to protect the community.”

The cameras will be one-dimensional, meaning they will only be able to see what is going on directly in front of them, but the audio recordings will be able to hear what is happening around the officer.

UAPD is not the first police department to initiate the use of body cameras, and will not

Nick Smallwood/The Daily Wildcat

University of Arizona Police Chief Brian Seastone addresses officers and the public about the incorporation of body cameras within UAPD on Sunday, Oct. 1. Body cameras will help hold both citizens and police officers accountable for actions taken during police intervention.

be the last.

In 2013, 32 percent of local police departments provided at least some officers with body-worn cameras, and 6 percent provided some of their officers with weaponattached cameras, according to the Bureau of Justice Statistics’ 2013 Law Enforcement Management and Administration Statistics

Survey.

By May 2015, the Department of Justice announced a $20 million pilot program for body-worn cameras among police departments all over the country. This program is the beginning of President Barack Obama’s proposal to invest $75 million over the next three years to provide 50,000 body-worn

cameras to various law enforcement agencies throughout the U.S. There are mixed feelings among students on whether these body cameras will make a difference.

Borix Espina, a freshman at the UA, said he agrees with Officer Bermudez.

“What’s going on lately with all this police brutality, … the camera will show exactly what happens, so they won’t wonder who is right and who is wrong,” Espina said.

Others are more skeptical of the cameras, saying they will not make a difference either way because of how UAPD handled the 2014 unlawful gathering after a loss during the NCAA basketball tournament to Wisconsin, which were recorded.

Police threw pepper canisters and pepper balls into the crowd and used force on fans who approached the police line. A fan was forcibly held in place while officers kneed and punched him in the stomach and torso.

“I think it might create more issues,” said Rebecca Pitts, a UA graduate student. “In the times things have been recorded, I don’t feel like it really made a difference.”

Yamile Diaz, another UA graduate student, applauds UAPD on its attempt at transparency, saying it is better than doing nothing. She said she is still unsure of the difference it will make.

— Follow NAME @ Twitterhandle

Tech Launch takes UA science to market

BY Isaac Rounseville The Daily Wildcat

The UA is on track to expand its status as one of the nation’s top research universities through its efforts to commercialize its own innovations and research, according to a recently released annual report from Tech Launch Arizona.

Established in 2012, Tech Launch Arizona’s purpose is to generate “social and economic impact by bringing the inventions of the UA from the lab to the world,” the report reads.

Expanding on this message, TLA staff members said that the main goal is to maximize the research capabilities of UA faculty and student members through collaboration and marketing strategies. The report was released to underscore some of the recent accomplishments of these efforts.

“This annual report lets people know how we do things and how we’re doing,” said Paul Tumarkin, the marketing and communications manager for TLA. “It’s a statement of transparency.”

The report describes TLA’s efforts to foster an “ecosystem” of interconnected research, marketing and business groups to help identify and develop helpful, innovative technologies.

“There are two elements of this ecosystem,” said TLA Vice President David Allen. “The first is a strong element of support from research at the UA. The second is commercialization, which is a continuation of this research.”

Allen said that before organizations like TLA, the introduction of research ideas to a market was a procedure that was isolated from the researchers themselves. Their goal is to help expand this process by collaborating with more “inventor experts” in UA research and faculty positions.

“We’ve created a 1,300 person ‘domain expert’ network,” Allen said. “It involves a lot of highly talented people—mostly alumni and friends of the university—who bring skill sets that we don’t have.”

This ecosystem is a multi-tiered process that allows an idea for an innovation or technology to be reviewed from a variety of perspectives: marketing, scientific and business. By increasing the level of review a proposed invention undergoes, people at the TLA are able to get a better understanding of “what the market needs and what the technology can offer,” Allen said.

One recent outcome of this updated process is SinfoníaRx, the medication management company. The company stemmed from an idea to track multiple prescribed medications

in order to ensure there is no adverse interaction between them. Over time, the completed project involved students and faculty from the College of Pharmacy, professional pharmacists in the industry, and insurance and pharmaceutical companies themselves.

SinfoníaRx is just one of over 200 companies that UA researchers included in their report to TLA. Apart from offering benefits to consumers, the exhaustive list of inventions and associated companies also offer a number of opportunities to students seeking future career experience in business, science and communication fields. As Allen and Tumarkin mentioned, many times, student research from the graduate and even undergraduate level is the driving engine for innovation.

“For SinfoníaRx, students had interactions with other pharmacists and businessmen that’ll set them above many others in a competitive job environment,” Allen said.

The commercialization element of TLA also has much to offer prospective public relations and marketing professionals.

Joshua Dudas, a senior studying communication and sociology, works as an analyst in the business intelligence unit at TLA. His main job is to serve as the translational bridge between researchers’ innovation

proposals and the marketing experts charged with commercializing them.

“I get a bunch of information from tech librarians, students and researchers,” he said.

“My job is to make it precise and put it into layman’s terms. I take 50 pages or more of info and I put it into a page-and-a-half.”

Dudas said that his work, while challenging, is highly beneficial for his future goal of working in public relations.

“I’m learning how to write executive summaries and how to be very concise with my writing,” he said. “I’m able to learn how innovations are brought about in a process of research, and how they’re brought to the market in a process of commercialization.”

Apart from gaining work experience, Dudas also said that his job at TLA is very fulfilling.

“I’m definitely very honored to work here, to help other people and have a positive impact on the inventor, and to see down the road where the inventions are going to be used to visibly benefit other people’s lives,” Dudas said.

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Sports

October 14-15, 2015 • Page 8 Editor: Dominic Baciocco sports@dailywildcat.com (520) 621-2956 twitter.com/dailywildcat

College football takes a sack

BY Kyle Hansen

The Daily Wildcat

League plagued by injuries To say this college football season has been odd would be an understatement.

An injured UCLA linebacker Myles Jack withdrew from school last week so he could declare early for the NFL draft. Jack suffered a season-ending injury the week of the UCLA-Arizona game in Tucson.

Jack could be a “pioneer” of sorts for other young, stud athletes who dominate college football and are looking to get paid as soon as possible.

The most notable examples of who could follow Jack are Georgia running back Nick Chubb and LSU standout Leonard Fournette. Both are sophomores and Fournette is arguably the best player in the country right now.

Chubb suffered a knee injury Saturday during Georgia’s game against Tennessee. According to ESPN, the injury did not do any damage to his ACL, but it is likely that Chubb’s season is over.

How quickly Chubb is able to return from injury could determine what he does next season.

Jack’s decision to withdraw adds a new dynamic to college football that we are more accustomed to seeing in basketball. A crop of freshmen enters college, dominates for a year and then bolts for the NBA and the opportunity of getting paid.

As a fan, nobody wants to see these players leave early. Watching Fournette play unstoppable football is a treat. Jack, though a common Arizona foe, was a monster on the field. He played offense and defense and excelled at both. His injury was one of the most unfortunate happenings of this season.

When next season rolls around, the college football world wants to continue to watch Fournette dominate, but there is always the possibility that he will decide to take next year easy so he avoids injury.

I understand why Jack left UCLA early. He’s eligible for the NFL and he’s currently going through recovery for a serious knee injury. Before his injury, he was likely going to be an early firstround pick. Jack was another player

who seemed NFL ready early in his career, so his announcement wasn’t the most surprising. With nothing to really prove to the college football world anymore, his departing makes sense.

Most college football fans don’t want to see Jack’s action become the norm. The college game is currently at a very high level and there are teams from all over the country who are good enough to compete for a national championship. It’s no longer an SEC-run league. The Big Ten, Pac12 Conference and ACC are starting to catch up to the Southeast.

Jack’s decision to completely withdraw from school might be a controversial strategy, but it is undoubtedly a topic that will be discussed for a while as younger players continue to dominate the college ranks.

Steve Spurrier retires South Carolina head coach Steve Spurrier announced his resignation Monday night. Spurrier, 70, was a Heisman Trophy-winning quarterback at the University of Florida back in his playing days.

Spurrier is one of the most successful college football coaches, having won one national championship at Florida, and became the all-time wins leader at both Florida and South Carolina.

Spurrier’s most recent success with South Carolina added to the SEC’s depth. He helped turn South Carolina into a dominant program that churned out NFL players such as Jadeveon Clowney and Alshon Jeffery. Currently, South Carolina sits with an 2-4 record and 0-4 conference record.

Coach Spurrier was a college football legend, and the game will forever miss the presence of its “Head Ball Coach.”

Florida’s quarterback More controversy hit college football Monday when University of Florida quarterback Will Grier was suspended for one year after he tested positive for performance-enhancing drugs. Grier has led the resurgence of the No. 8 Gators. Florida is currently 6-0 with a 4-0 SEC record and has a huge game on the horizon at No. 6 LSU. Grier currently has a 65.8 percent completion percentage, while throwing for 1,204 yards and 10 touchdowns. His most notable game

File Photo/The Daily Wildcat

UCLA linebacker Myles Jack (30) stops the Wildcats just before the endzone at Arizona Stadium on Saturday, Nov. 9, 2013. Jack kicked off what has been a whirlwind month for college football by withdrawing from UCLA following a season-ending injury.

was his four-touchdown performance against Ole Miss, where the Gators upset the Rebels 38-10.

Grier’s presence will undoubtedly be missed by the Gators for the rest

of the season. They have a new spark under new head coach Jim McElwain, who was non-existent with Will Muschamp over the past couple of seasons.

Take a breather, college football fans; Saturday is bound to bring us more craziness.

— Follow Kyle Hansen @k_hansen42

The Daily Wildcat • 9

Sports • October 14-15, 2015

Wildcats look to trump free fall

BY Ryan Kelapire The Daily Wildcat

T

Alex Mcintyre/The Daily Wildcat

Stanford defender Maddie Bauer (4) beats Arizona’s Gabi Stoian (9) to a header on Sunday, Oct. 4, on Murphy Field at Mulcahy Soccer Stadium during the Wildcats’ 2-3 loss to the Cardinal in the second overtime period.

he Pac-12 Conference is revered as one of the strongest and deepest conferences in all of women’s college soccer, and Arizona is learning it the hard way.

The Wildcats compiled an 8-1-1 record and a 2-0 conference record over their first 10 games—the best start in program history. They picked up impressive wins against No. 23 California, No. 18 Washington and No. 19 Santa Clara, while tying No. 17 Texas Tech.

The Wildcats moved all the way up to No. 15 in the NSCAA Coaches Poll because of their impressive play.

However, they are in serious danger of making their historic start to the season a distant memory.

Arizona has lost its last

three games, dropping its record to 8-4-1 overall and 2-3 in the Pac-12. The sudden drop resulted in the Wildcats falling completely out of the top 25 and all the way from tied for first in the conference to seventh.

To be fair, the first loss in the three-game skid to No. 4 Stanford was actually an admirable performance by the Wildcats. They managed to take the top-5 team to extra time, which is quite a feat in its own right, even if the team won’t admit it.

That game obviously didn’t have the outcome Arizona was hoping for, but it did show the Wildcats were truly contenders to become Pac-12 champions.

Or so we thought.

A pitiful weekend series against the Los Angeles schools has the Wildcats in serious need of a regroup.

They went into the weekend boasting one of the best offenses and defenses in the conference—they had only

allowed seven goals, while scoring 21.

You would have never guessed it this past weekend, however, as they gave up a combined eight goals in the two games, while only scoring two of their own.

The normally stout Wildcat defense didn’t have the same type of fortitude we are used to seeing, and the offense struggled to create quality scoring chances.

The ‘Cats looked like the teams the program would put on the field before Arizona head coach Tony Amato arrived, and the trio of losses has put the Wildcats in a spot familiar to the program—near the bottom of the standings looking up.

But these Wildcats are not the teams of the past. These Wildcats have proven that they can not only compete with the nation’s best teams, but can come away victorious.

What they’re learning, though, is that the Pac-12 requires a consistent effort

and execution game-in and game-out. As Amato always says, there are no easy games in this conference. If they don’t play at a high level, their opponents will tear them apart as they witnessed firsthand last weekend.

This weekend will be no different, as the Wildcats’ Pac-12 schedule will pit them against No. 16 Washington State in Pullman, Washington.

The Cougars own an 11-2 record and are 4-1 in Pac-12 play. They have also won their past three games.

Needless to say, the Wildcats will need to be on top of their game if they’re going to end their three-game losing streak.

While it’s not exactly a “must-win” game, a loss could drop the ‘Cats all the way to No. 10 or No. 11 in the conference, and the historical start to the season will be all but forgotten.

— Follow Ryan Kelapire @RKelapireUA

V for vacant: falling off the Trojan horse

BY Justin Spears The Daily Wildcat

M

onday’s events took a wild turn after USC Athletic Director Pat Haden announced the firing of head football coach Steve Sarkisian. The statement came after Sarkisian announced a leave of absence following the Trojans’ 17-12 loss to his former team Washington in the Coliseum.

Sarkisian’s firing was a large issue that has snowballed ever since college football’s offseason.

The coach was, and is, a hot mess and a cancer to a team that values rich history. A team that thrives on being atop the Pac-12 Conference and competes for a national championship can’t afford to babysit its head coach. Sarkisian has an alcohol problem, and his love for booze was revealed at a team rally in August.

Just before the season started,

Sarkisian already showed signs of the snowball that wouldn’t end well for the program.

Boosters, alumni and successful names that support the program attended the team’s rally where the alcohol started talking with Sarkisian’s slurred words and an f-bomb.

What was the punishment? A slap on the wrist and Haden wagging his finger at alcohol.

It’s as if a mother was not taking care of her screaming child in a restaurant. Everyone around is looking at the screaming child and looking at the parent, wondering when they are going to take care of the problem. This is exactly what Haden was going through.

The problems were written on the wall: Sarkisian had a severe alcohol problem, and boosters held their breath to see if Haden would make a change.

Sarkisian’s drinking problem just proved that even a bright past calling plays and winning national championships as an offensive coordinator under Pete Carroll doesn’t always result in success as a

head coach.

Sarkisian was supposed to be the guy to revive USC football back to its days under Carroll. He was a guy that grew up in Torrance, California, just minutes away from the USC campus, and who had the Los Angeles swagger. A young coach that related to players and brought a blue blood pedigree to the college football world was bound to have success at a program like USC. The Trojans have nine players who are ranked in ESPN’s top 300 committed to the program in the 2016 recruiting class. Expect changes to that class, depending on who takes over the program.

The recruits during Sarkisian’s tenure were building up like a balloon that was about to pop, and in just a matter of two years USC was primed to return to the almighty days with Heisman Trophy winners and NFL first rounders.

Of course a program like USC will interview big-name coaches, but the process will be as drawn out as “American Idol.” Chip Kelly, Mike Shanahan, Kevin Sumlin and Kliff Kingsbury appear to be the

Wally Skalij/Los Angeles Times/TNS

Then-USC football head coach Steve Sarkisian yells at a referee in the fourth quarter of a 17-12 loss against Washington at the Los Angeles Coliseum on Thursday, Oct. 8, in Los Angeles. USC Athletic Director Pat Haden announced Sarkisian’s firing Monday after multiple accounts of public intoxication.

best fits for the program. After two unsuccessful hires with Lane Kiffin and Sarkisian, maybe USC’s third time will be the charm.

The turn of events was perfect timing for ESPN’s 30 for 30, which released a film called “Trojan War” on Tuesday night. Former Trojan Keyshawn Johnson co-executive produced the film. The film highlights the rise and fall of Pete Carroll’s USC football dynasty—and

once again, there’s another hiccup this time around with Sarkisian.

The fate of USC football hinges on Pat Haden, and if he doesn’t make the correct hire, it will be his job at risk instead of the coach’s. Carroll was too generous, and Sarkisian loves to drink alcohol. What’s next, a gambler?

— Follow Justin Spears @JustinESports

10 • The Daily Wildcat

October 14-15, 2015

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The Daily Wildcat • 11

Sports • October 14-15, 2015

PAC-12 POWER RANKINGS NORTH SOUTH

BY IVAN LEONARD The Daily Wildcat

1

Stanford — California lost last week while Stanford was idle, so the Cardinal remain the undisputed king of the North. Its matchup against UCLA Saturday will all but end one team’s playoff bid.

2

California — Although they outgained the Utes on Saturday, Cal could not get out if its own way as the team had six turnovers, including five interceptions from the prodigious Jared Goff.

The Golden Bears will have to take down UCLA to stay in the thick of the North.

3

Wash i n g t o n — After all but ending USC’s playoff hopes last week, Washington has the chance to put a dent in Oregon’s bid at a bowl. If only the team could take the Boise State and Cal games back, it could also be a potential ranked team.

4

Oregon — Other than its win over FCS Georgia State, the Ducks have looked like a completely different team from years past. What was once the undisputed top dog of the Pac-12 Conference is now near the back of the Pac. It’s surprising to think they might not even make a bowl game this season.

5

Washington State— The Cougars took advantage of some wounded Ducks and won a thriller in Eugene, Oregon, last week. If they can take care of business against Oregon State and pull off a few upsets, the Cougars could find themselves bowling this holiday season.

6

Oregon State — A blowout loss to a desperate Arizona team might have put the nail in the Beavers’ season. On the bright side, they could potentially ruin rival Oregon’s run when they face off to end the season.

1

Utah — The Utes keep their Cinderella season alive for at least another week with an emphatic victory over the Golden Bears. A team many picked to finish no higher than No. 4 in the division is now No. 4 in the nation. They should be favored in every game they play leading up to UCLA.

2

UCLA — Josh Rosen will likely face his biggest test of the season Thursday against the Stanford defense. A loss here would severely hurt the Bruins’ chances of catching Utah and winning the division.

3

ASU — The Sun Devils face a tough test at Utah this week after beating Colorado 48-23.

Anything is possible this year in the Pac12, and a win would definitely shake up the South.

4

USC — To the surprise of the entire college football world, USC came into the season highly touted only to underachieve and fire its coach midseason.

Whoever is hired is going to have a blast facing Notre Dame and Utah in the next two weeks.

5

Arizona — After two-straight beatdowns to California schools, the Wildcats got back on track with a beatdown of their own. With at least three-straight winnable games coming up, along with a faltering USC team, Arizona could be at eight wins before they face Utah and ASU in November.

95% of UA students who reported drinking within this school year did not get in trouble with police.

(2015 Health & Wellness Survey, n=2,705)

My roommates and I want to throw a party for our friend's birthday. How can we avoid getting red-tagged or having the cops break it up, especially since we want to have alcohol?

By making safer choices. Avoid serving hard alcohol, be sure to have food and water available to guests, and be a good neighbor.

Tell your neighbors that you plan to celebrate and ask them to contact you if noise becomes an issue. Set your party for a defined amount of time, let your neighbors know what that is, and stick to it.

Also, keep the number of attendees/ guests reasonable. Invite good friends or people you know (avoid randoms), and monitor your noise level. Large parties are much more likely to be red-tagged. Even though you may be partying off-campus, if police become involved the UA will be notified.

Red Tags can be issued by UAPD, TPD and/ or Pima County Sheriff’s

Don’t forget, if you are under 21, it is illegal to have any alcohol in your body. You can be fined, referred to a diversion program, and/or ordered to perform community service. If you collect money for your party, you can be charged with the illegal sale of alcohol as well.

Always remember to help friends get home safely and to clean up after your party. You, your roommates, and your neighbors will appreciate it. Be safe and have fun!

Got a question about alcohol? Email it to redcup@email.arizona.edu

6

Colorado — There’s always next year for the Buffs. At least Colorado fans have the Broncos.

Office for excessive noise, underage drinking, or illegal parking at residences off-campus. Your apartment/house may be tagged for 180 days, and the landlord/ property owner will be notified. You may also owe up to $1500 in fines.

www.health.arizona.edu

The Red Cup Q&A is written by Lynn Reyes, LCSW, LISAC, David Salafsky, MPH, Lee Ann Hamilton, MA, CHES, Spencer Gorin, RN, and Christiana Clauson, MPH, in the Health Promotion and Preventive Services (HPPS) department of the UA Campus Health Service.

The Daily Wildcat • 13

12 • The Daily Wildcat

Three-headed Wildcat leads offense A trio of running backs has turned Arizona’s offense into a multi-threat beast and placed it among the nation’s elite ground attacks BY matt wall

The Daily Wildcat

TylEr baker/The Daily Wildcat

Arizona running back Orlando Bradford (21) breaks through the Oregon State defense for a touchdown at Arizona Stadium on Saturday, Oct. 10. Bradford, a true freshman, has accumulated three touchdowns and 129 yards on 26 carries in three appearances this season.

Arizona football has found its own three-headed Cerberus in the form of its rushing attack displayed against Oregon State in a 44-7 victory Saturday night.

The Wildcats’ multi-threat trio is made up of sophomore Nick Wilson, senior Jared Baker and freshman Orlando Bradford. The three tallied 368 yards on the ground of the total 644 yards of offense against the Beavers.

Wilson, who rushed for 78 yards and two touchdowns, comes as no surprise to Wildcat fans.

But passing the 2,000-yard rushing mark in his first year and a half was the true highlight of his day, which put him at No. 14 on the UA all-time rushing list.

Baker and Bradford are two backs that fans may not be as familiar with.

The backups stepped up when Wilson went down with a minor injury in the first quarter. Wilson would later return, but in the meantime, few expected what would occur.

“I was just excited,” Bradford said. “I was doing my job. Coach called my number, and I just wanted to produce for my team.”

Baker rushed for a career-best 123 yards on 10 carries, including a 73-yard burst. Bradford tallied more than 80 yards and three touchdowns.

“He just tells me to always be ready, so I’m always preparing to be ready,” Bradford said.

These three won’t be the next Heisman candidates like LSU’s Leonard Fournette or Oregon’s Royce Freeman, who have combined to tally close to 2,000 yards on the ground this season, but they are making the Wildcats’ offense dangerous.

The Wildcats rank third in the country for total rushing with 1,791 yards, trailing only Oregon and Georgia Southern. In terms of yards per game, nearly 300 of Arizona’s yards come on the ground.

“Every offense would like to have balance, and

we are no different, but we don’t want a forced balance,” Rodriguez said. “We always have to talk about running and throwing the ball. We always want at least three running backs, which now we have. If you have that balance, and it’s not a forced balance, then that’s a good thing. If a team is going to force us to throw the ball the entire game, though, we have to be ready for that.”

Bradford is the newest back to see the field out of the three, and as a freshman, he really seemed to open up the field against the Beavers.

“He has a great feel for the game, and he’s faster than you think,” Rodriguez said. “He’s going to keep getting better, he kind of reminds me of what Nick was last year; he’s a freshman, but he’s learning quickly. Orlando will be part of the regular rotation, as will Jared and Nick. Nick is a bit banged up right now, so it’s good to have the other two ready.”

The way Rodriguez speaks on the matter, it sounds like all three of their names may be called Saturday when the Wildcats take on Colorado in Boulder.

A huge game-changer for the Arizona Cerberus is the return of quarterback Anu Solomon.

“As a receiver, we don’t expect to get the ball every play,” receiver Samajie Grant said. “When we go out there, we are just trying to do our job. We come and block and do whatever. When it is a passing play, Nick Wilson, Jared Baker or Orlando, they all take a hit to give Anu more time to pass the ball. I feel like there was good blocking up front, they ran the ball hard.”

Overall, the three-headed running back beast can be the highlight of the season. Now the team must put the monster to work.

— Follow Matt Wall @mwall20 Tyler Baker/The Daily Wildcat

Arizona running back Jared Baker (23) runs against Oregon State at Arizona Stadium on Saturday, Oct. 10. Baker has totaled 263 yards on 37 attempts in his fourth season with the Wildcats.

OPinions

Boarder Patrol Agent Lonnie Ray

October 14-15, 2015 • Page 14 Editor: Nick Havey

opinion@dailywildcat.com (520) 621-3192 twitter.com/dailywildcat

Darren Wilson

Violent videos: baby now we got bad vids BY hailey dickson The Daily Wildcat

A

man sees his girlfriend texting. He doesn’t know who she’s talking to, but there’s a chance that person might also have an XY chromosome.

Understandably, he responds by pushing her, throwing a flowerpot at her head and lighting her things on fire. As if that wasn’t enough, he proceeds to run around her house waving a knife, stabs a cake and attacks her car with a golf club. Soon

after, the man is shown kneeling over the girl’s unconscious body, hitting her motionless face.

Sounds horrific, right?

Replace “he” with “she,” and you have Taylor Swift’s hit “Blank Space” music video, which has accumulated nearly 1.2 billion views on YouTube.

The video’s description clarifies that “No animals, trees, automobiles or actors were harmed in the making of this video.” Note that “actors” is included last behind both trees and automobiles. But perhaps the biggest harm this video causes has nothing to do with property damage.

There is a trend emerging in which female artists in music videos act violently, usually toward male lovers, under the guise of

empowerment. These women’s “artistic” choices are a complete step in the wrong direction.

Lorde and Rihanna have followed the same path. In Disclosure’s new video, “Magnets” featuring Lorde (with 12.1 million views since Sept.

29), the young artist ties a man with whom she has had an affair to a chair, pushes the chair into a pool and then lights the pool on fire as he drowns. Top comments for the video at one point included viewers exclaiming “the ending, well that was metal af” and “Good LORDE she is gorgeous.”

Rihanna, in her notorious video “Bitch Better Have My Money”— with over 51 million YouTube views—drugs and tortures a man’s wife, then ties up and (presumably)

dismembers the man. At the end, she is seen bathing nude in a case full of money, completely covered in blood. The video has an “explicit” warning and is not available to users under 18 years old.

If roles were reversed and men were depicted doing these exact actions to women, there would be public outcry. The videos would not be bold, empowering or even likely in accordance with YouTube’s policy against violence, which states “It’s not okay to post violent or gory content that’s primarily intended to be shocking, sensational, or disrespectful.”

If male artists’ music videos included the same shocking offenses against women, they would be seen for exactly what they are: acts of

domestic violence.

Critics point out that these videos are feminist successes—that they counter the tired narrative of the heartbroken woman as a weepy damsel. Swift, Lorde and Rihanna, rather than being hurt by their lovers, decide to hurt them instead.

There are two main problems with the view of violent videos as feminist successes. First, glorification of these acts trivializes domestic abuse against men, which is a very real issue. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “1 in 7 men age 18 and older in the United States have been the victim of severe physical violence by an intimate partner in [his] lifetime.”

violent videos, 15

The Daily Wildcat • 15

Opinions • October 14-15, 2015

Koch study brings false hope for AZ education

BY COOPER TEMPLE The Daily Wildcat

A

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Entrada Real Norte E Speedway Blvd

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For an issue that is already widely ignored, the last thing we should do is venerate artists who further downplay or even encourage domestic violence against men.

Second, to interpret these violent videos as feminist is to equate violence to power. To reverse scenarios in which women are more often the victims than men still maintains power in the hands of the abuser. A true feminist win wouldn’t pare protagonists with

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FROM PAGE 14

the negative traits—aggression and violence— stereotypically associated with masculinity.

Boys really don’t “only want love if it’s torture,” as Taylor Swift sang in “Blank Space.”

A true feminist win will come when we see our favorite female artists as heroes or antiheroes who attain power without brutalizing other people.

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— Follow Cooper Temple @DailyWildcat

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Charles Koch Foundation-funded study at Arizona State University has concluded that the state is keeping $5.2 billion in funding in a land-trust endowment and should designate a larger percentage for education each year.

According to Mary Jo Pitzl’s article in The Arizona Republic, “[Gov.] Ducey in June proposed the state increase the annual distribution of 2.5 percent of the endowment’s net value to 10 percent for five years, then drop back to 5 percent for the following five years.”

Essentially, this means that rather than leave the money in the endowment to accrue value, Ducey wants to invest in Arizona’s education now, benefitting the current generation.

In classic Arizona fashion, however, not enough legislators are sending their support for the measure to be placed on the ballot this March. Instead, critics are arguing that the percentage either should increase, but by less than 10 percent, or shouldn’t increase at all.

But, based on the assumption of better economic conditions and higher income in the future, it is predicted that Arizona will still be able to maintain a significant balance in the endowment, even if Ducey’s proposal passed without alterations. A 10 percent increase in funds to education would be risky, some critics say, but there is no reason not to raise the withdrawal by at least several percentage points.

Arizona, according to a study done by the Arizona Association of School Business Officials, spent less money in 2014 on students than any other state in the country. In terms of quality, Arizona has ranked No. 47 in the country two years in a row, receiving a D+ grade.

Our state’s spending per student is atrocious both in K-12 and our university system. Over the course of a year, Arizona spends about $8,800 per student. In contrast, Massachusetts,

ranked No. 1 for education quality, devotes over $16,400 to each student per year and has 6 percent higher graduation rates. And, with more money invested, quality goes up; Kansas, with $11,472 per student, is ranked No. 20 for quality.

Unfortunately, it is unlikely that Arizona children will receive a good deal regardless of whether the trust fund payouts are increased.

The Koch brothers are notorious for fueling money into studies that will promote their interests, and this study suggesting the depletion of the state’s land trusts fits in line with their goals.

The study relies on one fundamental assumption: that the state’s economic future is promising. As some have argued, however, Arizona is not in such an optimistic position.

Our economy is still rebounding, wages are low and poverty rates are fourth highest in the country at 19 percent. This means that, if money is removed from the land trust now, future generations under worse economic conditions would suffer in the future.

If that assumption is not met, it makes little sense to withdraw such large percentages of the land trust over the course of the next years.

Instead, it looks more like a ploy on behalf of the Koch brothers to defund public education in Arizona and buy public lands once the state begins to liquidate to cover its bases.

The truth is, contrary to what Ducey has said, it is not possible to invest in education both now and in the future without raising taxes. The 10 percent withdrawal plan might help now but it has few long-terms benefits.

Frankly, the fact that the Koch brothers support the study should be enough to raise a red flag.

Instead of continuing to search for loopholes and quick-fixes, a legitimate investment needs to be made in Arizona’s future through tax increases to help pay for education. Despite its appeal on the surface, voters should think carefully and critically at the measure to remove money from the land trust before agreeing to support it.

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Science

October 14-15, 2015 • Page 16 Editor: Patrick O'Connor science@dailywildcat.com (520) 621-2956 twitter.com/dailywildcat

UA student dates mysterious cliff dwellings

BY Bailey Bellavance The Daily Wildcat

If you have visited a national park recently and seen artifacts in their original setting, you may have a UA graduate student to thank.

Ben Bellorado, a UA anthropology graduate student, researches building decorations in archaeological sites and works with land managers to keep these sites open to the public.

Bellorado received funding from the Canyonlands Natural History Association to survey remarkably well-preserved archaeological sites in southeastern Utah. Bellorado’s sites are in areas owned by the Bureau of Land Management, an agency within the U.S. Department of the Interior, and are fully open for the public to explore.

Bellorado’s sites are cliff dwellings, which are well-preserved because of the climate. The sites contain many artifacts valuable to archaeologists.

Bellorado works to document these sites and their artifacts, which have been largely unexplored by archaeologists in the past.

Bellorado’s main interest lies in the building decorations, including plaster murals within these well-preserved cave dwellings. For Bellorado, looking at buildings has a stronger cultural value than anything.

“Looking at people’s homes and where they live in general really helps you get in peoples’ minds,” Bellorado said.

Building decorations reflect how people thought about their personal and communal identities, even across the landscape, according to Bellorado.

This is why he has chosen multiple

sites across Utah in which to observe changes in decoration style over time.

Archaeological artifacts help to relate social and religious practices to one another among groups of people across time and space.

Unfortunately for Bellorado, it’s impossible to date items like rock art and cliff dwellings. To properly date these sites, Bellorado relies on other means. Given the incredible preservation of these sites, he can use dendrochronology to date the wooden support structures inside the homes.

With multiple sources of wood to date, Bellorado can cross-date the site, a technique that compares tree rings of unknown ages from his sites to well-documented tree rings from different sites. Matching these rings to known tree-ring patterns allows for dendrochronologists and archaeologists to know the exact year the tree was cut down to be used in a housing structure.

Bellorado can also determine dates of reconstruction using just the treering samples collected—all of which help to provide insight into its dates of occupation.

While Ballorado is interested in surveying and documenting archaeological sites, he’s also very involved with archaeological site conservation. Given the open nature of the sites, tourism has increased, as have vandalism and looting.

Bellorado works with the BLM, Friends of Cedar Mesa and the Canyonlands Natural History Association to help educate people about responsible archaeological site activity. Tourists can inadvertently destroy precious data, artifacts and their records from sites by touching

or moving items from their original location.

Bellorado’s advice for visitors to open archaeological sites is to not touch walls or rock art, as they can degrade easily, and if visitors pick up an artifact, they must return it to where it was found. His ultimate advice would come from the National Park Service slogan: “Take only photographs, leave only footprints.”

According to Bellorado, continued detriment would cause the sites to have much stricter regulations. He said only guided tours and paved trails would be allowed in order to protect the sites, but these would cause visitors to miss out on the special connection that comes with visiting open sites containing artifacts.

Bellorado’s work is helping to prevent this. By working with the BLM, Bellorado and his team can see what is contained in these sites before they are impacted.

The group takes an inventory of the structures and items to report to land managers. With this information, the land managers help develop new types of management practices to help conserve sites while leaving them open to the public. This can include monitoring roads with traffic to these sites and steering visitors away from particularly fragile sites. Bellorado’s work also helps to distribute park rangers to sites that are fragile and in the most need of monitoring.

As for Bellorado, he’s always looking for student volunteers to help work on these sites.

Bat-Orgil Bat-Erdene/The Daily Wildcat

— Follow Bailey Bellavance @WCbellavance

Ben Bellorado, a UA graduate student, talks about his earlier research regarding Native American rock art and cultural practices. His current research focuses on dating cliff dwellings in southeastern Utah through dendrochronological study of wooden support structures.

Art and science worlds collide at exhibition by mikayla Mace The Daily Wildcat

The UA Lunar and Planetary Laboratory will celebrate the union of art and science during the “Art of Planetary Science” exhibition, held Friday, Oct. 16, through Sunday, Oct. 18, in the atrium of the Kuiper Space Sciences building.

“I think that the art community here is really big, and the science community here is

really big,” said Jamie Molaro, the exhibition’s organizer and a Ph.D. candidate in planetary science. “Both of those communities locally are really part of what Tucson is known for.”

This event, the brainchild of planetary scientists and researchers from related fields, according to Molaro, was the product of one simple question to the public: What do you think about what we do, and how does it inspire you?

“What we found is there were already lots of artists here who were [mixing art and science],

they just didn’t have a venue for it,” Molaro said.

The “Art of Planetary Science” exhibition allows scientists to share the beauty of their work with people outside of their field. It allows artists to synthesize their own meaning from the realm of science.

“Science is all around us,” wrote Sarah Ukiah Hoy, a senior studying art and visual culture education, in an email. “An event of this nature allows the community to share processes, stories, and points of view. It makes the world

of science welcoming to those who may find it intimidating, and it allows artists to share their appreciation for planetary science [and] scientists.”

This is the third year the UA will host the event, which is expected to be the largest so far. About 250 pieces of art will be on display this weekend from about 120 artists and scientists, according to Molaro.

Planet Art, 18

The Daily Wildcat • 17

Science • October 14-15, 2015

This Week Hawks protect AZ hummingbirds in Science

by Kimberlie wang The Daily Wildcat

BY Emily HEdges

The Daily Wildcat

Mission to Mars NASA released a report Thursday outlining the agency’s plans for sending humans to Mars. The report, titled “NASA’s Journey to Mars: Pioneering Next Steps in Space Exploration,” outlines NASA’s three-part plan to land humans on Mars by the 2030s.

The recent announcement of water on Mars combined with the release of the movie “The Martian” has increased public interest in the red planet.

“In the next few decades, NASA will takes steps toward establishing a sustainable human presence beyond Earth,” the report reads.

According to the report, the first part of the plan entails research on the International Space Station and further development of a rocket called the Space Launch System. Research being done on the ISS can help NASA understand the effects that living in space for long periods of time have on humans.

The second part of the plan includes testing in cislunar space, the area of space between the moon and the Earth, according to the report. Here, NASA will run experiments on deep space habitats for humans.

According to the report, the final stage of the plan before landing on Mars involves sending astronauts to orbit Mars and possibly landing on one of Mars’ moons. This phase will allow astronauts to practice a sustained living presence on a planet other than Earth before landing on Mars.

Tiny particles win big prize The Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded Oct. 6 to Dr. Arthur McDonald, Professor Emeritus at Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario, for his work on

This Week in science, 19

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Nesting in the trees of the Chiricahua Mountains in Southeast Arizona, the blackchinned hummingbirds have found a solution to keeping their eggs safe.

UA researchers have found that the hummingbirds coexist alongside Mexican Jays and hawks in a trait-mediated trophic cascade, an interconnection where the behavior of the top-level predator directly impacts the behavior of those below it. For the blackchinned hummingbird, that means using the hawk as their winged protector.

Harold Greeney, a UA School of Natural Resources post-doctoral researcher, led a study that was published recently in Science Advances. The researchers were aware that the hummingbirds would cluster their nests near the hawks, but they did not know why.

“The hummingbirds are clustering their nests right beneath the nests of these predatory hawks, and it seemed counter-intuitive because these hawks specialize in eating birds,” Greeney said.

The scientists knew the hawks were not agile enough to catch the hummingbirds, and the amount of energy they would spend trying to reach the hummingbird was not worth the calories. The hawks do, however, prey on the Mexican Jay, a pigeon-sized bird that enjoys feeding on the nests of other birds, including the black-chinned hummingbird.

“What we found was that the hawks swoop down to eat the jays, so the jays don’t want to forage at low levels because they don’t want to be beneath the hawks and get eaten,” Greeney said.

The jays have reacted to this by

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A black-chinned hummingbird perches on a branch in Nuevo Leon, Mexico, on May 25. A post-doctoral researcher at the UA found that black-chinned hummingbirds are protected by hawks in the Chiricahua Mountains of southeast Arizona.

foraging higher above the ground, where they are safer from the hawks. The hawks have created a “cone of safety” for hummingbirds to build their nests in, where they will not be hassled by the jays, according to Greeney.

“The hummingbirds gather around the hawks to get inside the ‘cone of safety,’ ” Greeney said.

“So the whole interaction between these two species that don’t pay any attention to one another is mediated by this middle man: the jays.”

Greeney and his team were able to test their hypothesis through the intervention of coatis, a Central American version of a raccoon.

Over a course of two days, the coatis came and consumed hawk eggs out of their nests. With their nests destroyed, the hawks left the area.

Greeney continued monitoring the hummingbirds and jays during this time, and within two weeks,

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he said hundreds of hummingbird nests had been eaten.

“This was the crowning jewel of the whole story because we now had our proof,” Greeney said. “We showed the spatial change, how the jays behaved and where in the space hummingbirds did well and didn’t. We had all the pieces except what happens when the hawks aren’t there, but now we have that test and that really bumped the whole thing to being so much more exciting.”

Researchers are still unsure of how the hummingbirds know to nest near the hawks. According to Greeney, the hummingbirds may be choosing locations based on the presence of current successful nests. He said he hopes to observe the female hummingbirds to gain insight on how they choose their nesting site.

Lee Dyer, the Director of the Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology Graduate

Program for the University of Nevada, Reno, and a co-author of the study, is excited about the potential impact the study results will have.

“I hope that this work encourages other ecologists to have greater respect for quality natural history observations and also to consider trait-mediated effects at multiple scales,” Dyer said. “Too many ecologists these days have a disdain for natural history and do not spend enough time crashing through the bushes, crawling through the mud, climbing trees or staring into the canopy to see how birds, insects, plants or other organisms are interacting. Harold Greeney does all of these things, and that is how he makes important ecological discoveries that enable him to collect rigorous data.”

— Follow Kimberlie Wang @kw_sciwildcat

18 • The Daily Wildcat

Planet Art from page 16

Hoy is part of a class called Community, Culture and Art Education that gets art students involved in the community.

The class will contribute three interactive pieces of art and activities—called artistic interventions.

Various artistic mediums are expected at this exhibition. Michael Heiland, a sophomore studying film and television who does time- lapse photography and video, will display long-exposure digital photography of the night sky at the event.

Lexi Coburn, a local Tucson artist who has participated in both of the previous shows, makes abstract prints involving the use of organic and earthy textures inspired by planetary science.

Science • October 14-15, 2015 “My artwork tries to exemplify the beauty that exists in many of the Earth’s processes,” Coburn said.

She said she finds the show valuable because “it provides people with some of the latest research that is being conducted and allows them to see visual representations of that data.”

Scientists like Molaro believe that events like the “Art of Planetary Science” exhibition make science more approachable to the general public.

“I think that people like science, they just often times feel like it’s inaccessible,” Molaro said. She said the point of the exhibition is to allow people to see science in a way “where you could just focus on the simple beauty of it.”

75004

Courtesy of the University of Arizona College of Science

— Follow Mikayla Mace @MaceDW

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Science • October 14-15, 2015

THIS WEEK IN SCIENCE FROM PAGE 17

neutrinos. McDonald collaborated and cowon the prize with Takaaki Kajita, a physicist at the University of Tokyo.

Neutrinos are subatomic dark matter particles. It is estimated that dark matter makes up over 95 percent of the matter in the universe. There are three types of neutrinos: electron-type, muon-type and tau-type.

McDonald and Kajita’s work demonstrates that neutrinos can alter their matter and convert themselves from one type of neutrino into another. Neutrinos were previously thought to be massless ; however, the transformation of neutrinos into different forms entails that neutrinos have mass.

Kajita first found evidence of altering matter in neutrinos in 1998 while working at the Super-Kamiokande detector in Japan, detecting neutrinos being transformed in Earth’s atmosphere. In 2001, McDonald and his researchers found evidence of neutrinos from the sun undergoing a similar transformation while working in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory.

McDonald said that neutrino research is important to understanding other aspects of scientific research. “By our measurements, we were able to confirm with great accuracy calculations of how the sun burns by fusion processes,” McDonald said in an interview with CBC News.

McDonald said there is still research being done into neutrinos to determine their specific mass and whether there are other types of neutrinos that have not yet been studied.

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Stalking pre-historic people Researchers have been analyzing the DNA of the remains of a hunter-gatherer that were recently found in Ethiopia. According to a paper published in the journal Science on Thursday, researchers have been documenting the genetic code of a man known as Mota, whose remains are believed to be 4,500 years old.

DNA is often difficult to extract from remains found in climates that possess high heat and humidity, such as that of Ethiopia, because it is often not well preserved.

According to the paper, Mota’s genetic code was able to be studied because it was preserved in his inner ear bone.

Documenting Mota’s genetic code can help researchers understand the movement patterns of the great migration from Africa to Eurasia that happened 60,000 years ago. The paper suggests that there was a secondary migration from Eurasia back into Africa that took place 3,000 years ago. By comparing Mota’s genome with that of a modern human,

researchers were able to estimate how large the secondary migration may have been.

According to the paper, the percentage of Eurasian DNA in Mota’s genome suggests that the secondary migration may have been much larger than previously thought.

“The wave of West Eurasian migration back into the Horn of Africa could have been as much as 30 percent of the population that already lived there,” said Dr. Andrea Manica, senior author of the study from the University of Cambridge’s Department of Zoology in a statement. “And that, to me, is mind-blowing.”

The cause of such a massive intercontinental migration is not yet known.

By continuing to study the DNA of ancient remains, researchers will be able to learn more about the causes of early human migrations.

Checks itself before it wrecks itself The Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to three scientists Oct. 7 for their work in mapping cell repair in DNA . Tomas Lindahl, Paul Modrich and Aziz Sancar were awarded the prize for mapping at a molecular level how cells repair damaged DNA and protect against the loss of genetic information during the process. Their research mapped three different mechanisms by which cells can repair damage to DNA .

Lindahl, a Swedish scientist and cancer researcher, was researching the rapidity of DNA decay rates when he discovered a molecular mechanism that works to counteract the structural collapse of DNA , according to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. This mechanism is called base excision repair.

Mordich, an American biochemistry professor at Duke University, researched the process of how cells correct errors that occur when DNA is replicated at a cellular level. According to the academy, this process is known as mismatch repair and defects in this process are known to cause variants of cancer.

Sancar, a Turkish and American biochemist specializing in DNA repair, contributed to the research by mapping nucleotide excision repair. Nucleotide excision repair is the mechanism that repairs ultraviolet light damage to DNA in cells, according to the academy.

Lindahl, Mordich and Sancar’s research could be influential in researching how the defects in the DNA repair system contribute to different variants of cancer. Their research could also be used to improve future cancer treatments.

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The Daily Wildcat • 23

IT’S A GREAT BIG UNIVERSE OUT THERE.

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LEARN MORE ABOUT IT IN TODAY’S SCIENCE SECTION.

24 • The Daily Wildcat

October 14-15, 2015

www.HubAtTucson.com

520.881.1818

Elevate Your Lifestyle with Tucson’s Newest High Rise All-Inclusive Amenities Fully Furnished Units with Custom Designed Furniture n 22-Foot LED Outdoor Television n Sparkling Rooftop Vanishing Edge Pool with Integral Seating Invigorating Spa with Sauna, Steam Room and Tanning n Ultramodern Fitness Center with Technologically Advanced Equipment n Stainless Steel Appliances Stylish Quartz Countertops n Ceiling Fans in All Bedrooms n HD Flat Screen TV in All Living Rooms n Executive Business Center n Relaxing Hammock Area Outdoor Grilling Area n Full Size Washer and Dryer in Unit n Premium Units with Hot Tubs n Steps Away from Campus, University Ave and Modern Street Car

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LEED Certified Amenities/Designs subject to modification