FACADES + ALTMEYER BUILDING

FACADES + ALTMEYER BUILDING Sarah Berseth, PE | Mechanical Engineering

Leaders in industries and disciplines Architecture

Landscape

Engineering

Commissioning

Interior Design

Technology

Lighting Design

Planning

Sustainable Design

WorkSIGHT

OUTLINE 1. Introduction 2. Goals and Constraints 3. Early Conceptual Analysis 4. Total Building Energy Analysis 5. Thermal Comfort Analysis

Introduction

OUTLINE 1. Introduction 2. Goals and Constraints 3. Early Conceptual Analysis 4. Total Building Energy Analysis 5. Design Refinement

PD

shoebox energy model

Concept Design

schematic energy model

whole building energy model

DD

thermal comfort analysis

Goals and Constraints

LEED GOLD

RATING OF 75 +

GSA REQUIREMENTS

65% FOSSIL FUEL REDUCTION

EXISTING use of existing physical plant

Constraint: Existing Campus Central Plant

Early Conceptual Analysis

ENVELOPE AREAS AND PERCENTAGES

Early Concept Analysis

SEFAIRA MODELING | IMPACT OF PERFORMANCE VALUES ON EUI

Percentage of glazing can be modified for the building or for each face.

Early Concept Analysis

SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS 50%

Operation Related

Design Related

40% 35.8%

30%

27.9%

20% 12.8%

5.4% 3.2%

Baseline 0% -2.7%

-1.3%

-9.7%

1.6%

1.6%

0.0%

0.3%

-0.9%

-0.8%

-0.4%

-0.3%

-6.7%

-7.1%

-10%

-11.3%

-15.4%

-17.3%

Air Tightness (cfm/ft2)

Glazing Area

Lighting Load

Fan Energy

Glazing SHGC

Glazing U-value

HVAC System

Thermostat Settings

-30%

Plug Load

-23.7%

Occupant Schedule

! Less Energy Use

-2.5%

-20%

2.9%

0.0%

Occupant Density

4.7%

Roof Assembly R

6.4%

Building Mass

7.6%

WallAssembly R

10%

Glazing Shading

More Energy Use "#

25.8%

Early Concept Analysis

FAÇADE ANALYSIS 60

50

50

48

46

45

45

EUI

)r 40 y / ft 2 / 30 tu B (k I E 20 U 10

0 Run 3 - Wall R Run 4 - Roof R Run 1 - U value Run 2 - SHGC BL SHGC R(WALL) R(ROOF) Value Value U(GLAZING) .28 39 40 U value Wall R Value Roof R Value % Glazing .29SHGC

Baseline

Baseline Run 1 - U value Run 2 - SHGC Run 3 - Wall R Value Run 4 - Roof U Value

0.4 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28

0.4 0.4 0.29 0.29 0.29

15.77 15.77 15.77 39 39

21.03 21.03 21.03 21.03 40

40 40 40 40 40

EUI 50 48 46 45 45

Early Concept Analysis

FAÇADE ANALYSIS

60

50

50 50

45 45

45 45

45 45

47 47

48 48

50 50

51 51

EUI

40

30

20

10

0

BL

Baseline

BL+ 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% GLAZING %

Run 4 - Roof R Value

Run 5 - 45% Glazing

Run 6 - 50% Glazing

Run 7 - 55% Glazing

Run 8 - 60% Glazing

Run 9 - 65% Glazing

Run 10 - 70% Glazing

Early Concept Analysis

Total Building Energy Analysis

IES-VE ENERGY MODELING

Total Building Energy Analysis

SCHEME 1: FLUSH

SCHEME 2: DEEP

SCHEME 3: LAYERED

Total Building Energy Analysis

ENERGY COST SAVINGS

43% Glazing

45% Glazing

44% Glazing

Scheme 2

Scheme 3

Scheme 1

7.0% Energy 10.2% Energy Savings Savings Scheme 1: Double Pane, Spandrel 0.18, Panel 0.05

Scheme 2: Double Pane, Spandrel 0.18, Panel 0.05

7.5% Energy Savings Scheme 3: Double Pane, Spandrel N/A, Panel 0.05

Total Building Energy Analysis

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

Total Building Energy Analysis

SECTION OPTIONS

VISION GLASS SPANDREL

INSULATED GLASS SPANDREL

Total Building Energy Analysis

ENERGY MODELING OPTIONS ORIGINAL DESIGN 63% GLASS

REDUCED OPENINGS 51% GLASS

INSULATED SPANDREL 43% GLASS

Total Building Energy Analysis

ENERGY MODELING MATRIX

ORIGINAL DESIGN 63% GLASS

REDUCED OPENINGS 51% GLASS

INSULATED SPANDREL 43% GLASS

DOUBLE PANE ALL TRIPLE PANE SOUTH TRIPLE PANE E, W, S TRIPLE PANE NORTH

Total Building Energy Analysis

ENERGY MODELING MATRIX

ORIGINAL DESIGN 63% GLASS

REDUCED OPENINGS 51% GLASS

INSULATED SPANDREL 43% GLASS

DOUBLE PANE ALL TRIPLE PANE SOUTH TRIPLE PANE E, W, S TRIPLE PANE NORTH

Total Building Energy Analysis

ENERGY MODEL RESULTS

LEED 2009 EA Credit 1: Optimize Energy Performance Points Breakdown

Plug Loads

1pt: Improve by 8% for existing

PV Generation HVAC HVAC Reduction Lighting Lighting Reduction Domestic Water Heating

17.9 % Energy Cost Reduction

buildings 2pts: Improve by 10% for 3pts: Improve by 12% for existing existing buildingsbuildings 4pts: Improve by 14% for existing buildings 5pts: Improve by 16% for existing buildings 6pts: Improve by 18% for existing buildings 7pts: Improve by 20% for existing buildings

Total Building Energy Analysis

Thermal Comfort Analysis

CFD ANALYSIS: FIN TUBE RADIATION PERFORMANCE: DOUBLE PANE

• Fin Tube • 50% heating airflow • Section cut at the diffusers

65.00

65.91

66.82

67.73

68.64

69.55

70.45

71.36

72.27

73.18

74.09

75.00

Thermal Comfort Analysis

GSA ALTMEYER MODERNIZATION: Mechanical Engineering Update – 12.07.2017

°F

CFD ANALYSIS: FIN TUBE RADIATION PERFORMANCE: TRIPLE PANE

• No Fin Tube • 50% heating airflow • Section cut at the diffusers

65.00

65.91

66.82

67.73

68.64

69.55

70.45

71.36

72.27

73.18

74.09

75.00

Thermal Comfort Analysis

GSA ALTMEYER MODERNIZATION: Mechanical Engineering Update – 12.07.2017

°F

FIN TUBE RADIATION PERFORMANCE: TRIPLE PANE

• Fin Tube • 50% heating airflow • Section cut at the diffusers

65.00

65.91

66.82

67.73

68.64

69.55

70.45

71.36

72.27

73.18

74.09

75.00

Thermal Comfort Analysis

GSA ALTMEYER MODERNIZATION: Mechanical Engineering Update – 12.07.2017

°F

ASHRAE 55 INTRODUCTION

ASRHAE 55 “…specifies methods to determine thermal environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, air speed, and radiant effects) in buildings and other spaces that a significant portion of the occupants will find acceptable at a certain metabolic rate and clothing level.”

Temperature Profile

Predicted mean vote (PMV) is an index that predicts the thermal perception of individuals on a scale of -3 to +3.

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

“cold” “cool” ”slightly cool” “neutral” “slightly warm” “warm” “hot”

***Compliance is achieved if the predicted mean vote is between -0.5 and +0.5.– 12.07.2017 GSA ALTMEYER MODERNIZATION: Mechanical Engineering Update Velocity Profile

ASHRAE 55 ANALYSIS USING CFD

Thermal Comfort Analysis

GSA ALTMEYER MODERNIZATION: Mechanical Engineering Update – 12.07.2017

AIRFLOW DISTRIBUTION: 100% COOLING ASHRAE 55 ANALYSIS, NORTH SOUTH SECTION

Compliance Range Cool

Cold -3.000

-2.455

-1.909

-1.364

-0.818

Slightly Warm

Neutral

Slightly Cool -0.273

0.273

0.818

1.364

Hot

Warm 1.909

2.455

Thermal Comfort Analysis

GSA ALTMEYER MODERNIZATION: Mechanical Engineering Update – 12.07.2017

3.000

AIRFLOW DISTRIBUTION: 100% COOLING ASHRAE 55 ANALYSIS, NORTH SOUTH SECTION

Compliance Range

-1.000

Slightly Warm

Neutral

Slightly Cool

-0.818

-0.636

-0.455

-0.273

-0.091

0.091

0.273

0.455

0.636

0.818

Thermal Comfort Analysis

GSA ALTMEYER MODERNIZATION: Mechanical Engineering Update – 12.07.2017

1.000

AIRFLOW DISTRIBUTION: 40% COOLING ASHRAE 55 ANALYSIS, NORTH SOUTH SECTION

Compliance Range Cool

Cold -3.000

-2.455

-1.909

Neutral

Slightly Cool -1.364

-0.818

-0.273

0.273

Slightly Warm 0.818

1.364

Hot

Warm 1.909

2.455

Thermal Comfort Analysis

GSA ALTMEYER MODERNIZATION: Mechanical Engineering Update – 12.07.2017

3.000

AIRFLOW DISTRIBUTION: 40% COOLING ASHRAE 55 ANALYSIS, NORTH SOUTH SECTION

Compliance Range

-1.000

Slightly Warm

Neutral

Slightly Cool

-0.818

-0.636

-0.455

-0.273

-0.091

0.091

0.273

0.455

0.636

0.818

Thermal Comfort Analysis

GSA ALTMEYER MODERNIZATION: Mechanical Engineering Update – 12.07.2017

1.000

AIRFLOW DISTRIBUTION: 40% HEATING ASHRAE 55 ANALYSIS, NORTH SOUTH SECTION

Compliance Range Cool

Cold -3.000

-2.455

-1.909

Neutral

Slightly Cool -1.364

-0.818

-0.273

0.273

Slightly Warm 0.818

1.364

Hot

Warm 1.909

2.455

Thermal Comfort Analysis

GSA ALTMEYER MODERNIZATION: Mechanical Engineering Update – 12.07.2017

3.000

AIRFLOW DISTRIBUTION: 40% HEATING ASHRAE 55 ANALYSIS, NORTH SOUTH SECTION

Compliance Range

-1.000

Slightly Warm

Neutral

Slightly Cool

-0.818

-0.636

-0.455

-0.273

-0.091

0.091

0.273

0.455

0.636

0.818

Thermal Comfort Analysis

GSA ALTMEYER MODERNIZATION: Mechanical Engineering Update – 12.07.2017

1.000

Conclusion

OUTLINE 1. Introduction 2. Goals and Constraints 3. Early Conceptual Analysis 4. Total Building Energy Analysis 5. Design Refinement

Thank You