29 11 2016 design proposal for riverine heritage zone

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Design Proposal for a City Campus

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A Landscaped Riverine Heritage City

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Masjid India, City Centre, 50100 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

City Campus A Landscaped Riverine Heritage City Leon Kioko

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contents Framework Public Realm Campus Design

Appendix

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Réflexions Personnelles

Cet ouvrage contribue à la compréhension des représentations imaginaires de la ville, du moins en Occident, surtout en Amérique du Nord, depuis les années 1960. Lynch parvient à une excellente synthèse des résultats de ses études de terrain avec les populations locales. On reconnaît la qualité de cette synthèse à la clarté de la théorie taxinomique qu’elle lui permet de développer comme outil d’analyse. Lynch jette des ponts remarquables entre les recherches d’anthropologie, de psychologie et d’urbanisme. Ce texte a d’ailleurs servi d’inspiration fondatrice pour la géographie de la perception et la linguistique praxématique. Son vocabulaire s’inspire visiblement de la sémiologie structuraliste — les concepts récurrents d’images, de langage, de lisibilité, de structure le montrent bien — ce qui la rend facilement compatible avec les études littéraires. Toutefois, la réflexion sur l’esthétique est parfois éclipsée par les visées urbanistiques de Lynch. Plusieurs passages sous-entendent qu’une imagibilité forte n’est ni nécessairement synonyme de beauté, ni d’agrément, sans que cette idée soit véritablement discutée. On s’en rend compte surtout avec certains décalages de mentalités. Par exemple, Lynch défend à plusieurs reprises les mérites des autoroutes surélevées, plus récentes en 1960 qu’aujourd’hui — elles sont d’ailleurs parfois évoquées comme des projets d’avenir —, puisqu’elles permettent un panorama à ceux qui l’empruntent, qu’elles peuvent être franchies par-dessous et qu’elles peuvent servir de points de repère visibles de loin. Or, nombreux sont les citadins d’aujourd’hui qui considèrent, certes, ces produits d’architecture des années 1960, et bien d’autres constructions massives de béton, comme des signes fortement images de la ville, mais surtout comme des signes de sa laideur.

Une nuance s’impose tout de même : le fait de reconnaître et de vouloir respecter l’importance d’une variété de goûts, d’usages et d’interprétations chez les citadins et la nécessité d’un équilibre dans la composition formelle des villes semble symptomatique d’une conscience environnementale en germe en 1960. Néanmoins, plusieurs projets de réconciliation de ces oppositions proposés par Lynch, comme celui répété plusieurs fois de l’élaboration d’une « musicalité » des séquences 5 d’éléments d’architecture, ou encore la sensibilisation des citadins à un regard différent sur leur ville (p. 137), semblent plutôt insuffisants et utopiques. Par ailleurs, vouloir privilégier une personnalité distincte à chaque ville, qui serait facile à illustrer sous forme d’image mentale, correspond à une spécialisation des villes. Selon cette vision de la société de consommation contemporaine caractérisée par sa grande mobilité — « le citadin change de lieu de résidence beaucoup plus souvent aujourd’hui qu’il ne l’a jamais fait dans le passé » (Lynch, p. 131) —, chacun peut choisir sa ville de résidence aisément, comme on choisit une destination touristique, en fonction d’une certaine image collective. Bien sûr, l’imagibilité consiste aussi à laisser un certain éventail d’interprétations et de fonctions possibles, de même qu’à permettre à ces nouveaux arrivants de se repérer avec plus d’aisance. Néanmoins, cette conception de la ville à l’image malléable par un « urbanisme volontaire », qui serait de plus en plus indispensable avec le rythme contemporain très rapide de la construction (Lynch, p. 136), ne met-elle pas en péril une certaine authenticité de l’image des villes Réflexions Personnelles

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Kevin Lynch, 1999, L'image de la Cité, trad. par Marie-Françoise Vénard et Jean-Louis Vénard de The Image of the City (1960), Paris, Dunod, 221 p. Résumé

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Framework Masjid India, City Centre, 50100 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Vision A Contextually Integrated Riverine Public Realm Theme A Landscaped Riverine Heritage City

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Environmental Contaminated river in the city due to lack of historical appreciation and awareness impacted negatively on what created the city identity.

(Environmental)

Social Poor legibility leading to diminished social linkage between fine and coarse grain districts, resulting in unsustainable coexistence between social classes. (Social)

Economical Unbalanced economy due to rapid redevelopments in the surrounding area causing existing heritage buildings to become unappreciated.

(Economic)

issues 8

Environmental •

Restore and enhance the ecosystem of the river

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Create a pedestrian friendly environment

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Development should respond to the river

Social •

Introduce mixed development to increase social mix, usage and diversify the existing community.

•

Provide recreational areas to encourage diverse social interaction.

•

Increase pedestrian priority streets to make the city more sustainable, vibrant and pedestrian-friendly.

Economical •

Transform heritage buildings into unique cultural landmarks.

•

Revitalize heritage buildings into innovative use.

•

Provide a recreational area along the riverside.

Objectives 9

Environmental 1. Creating natural filter for Gombak and Klang river by introducing a relevant wetland plantation as a part of the landscape features to establish a biodiversity environment.

2. Introducing the Vehicular-free zone along Jalan Masjid India by incorporating greeneries as a part of the pathway, introducing recreational area along the riverside.

3. Future development must responded well to the river at Gombak and Klang riverside by introducing river friendly development with landscape features, facade treatment and building orientation.

Strategies

Social

1. Introducing a vibrant environment along Jalan TAR by providing mixed development, restaurants, cafes, shopping arcades & other public spaces (Zone A).

2. Removing physical segregation in order to unite pedestrians from all social classes through linking Jalan Raja Laut to Jalan TAR by providing recreation center, parks and other pedestrian activities (Zone B).

3. Implementing vehicular free zone for Jalan Masjid India District by providing landscaped pedestrian walkways and bicycle lanes linking to to Klang River (Zone C).

Economical 1. Utilize the heritage building along Jalan TAR and Jalan Masjid India by introducing a cultural and traditional activity and economy.

2. Restore the existing heritage building to its pristine condition around Jalan Masjid India and Jalan TAR to meet the contemporary needs by providing a locally oriented variety retails.

3. Transform the riverside of Gombak and Klang river into a vibrant visitor attraction spot by providing the amenities including public place such as park and walkways, cafĂŠ, restaurant and facilities.

ACTION LOCATION DIMENSION

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Issue Statement There is a lack in VARIETY of education programs around the Kuala Lumpur city center which has lead to insecurity due to high numbers of unemployed foreigners and locals alike.

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Design Goal Reclaim Social Security through education to promote unemployment eradication

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Design Objective Through a combination of public private and shared spaces the entire program aims to tackle social security problems around the old Kuala Lumpur city center by offering spaces that make it possible to attain a formal and semi formal education as well as put the skills to practice.

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Public Space Design JALAN BUNUS, City Centre, 50100 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Linkage Theory 15

T

M

M

M

M

R

Transit Node Riverine Node Genius Loci Node Minor Node

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R

M

M

M

M

T Linkage Theory 16

HISTORY TOPOGRAPHY TOWNSCAPE SKYLINE URBAN FORM LANDSCAPE URBAN STRUCTURE GRAIN TEXTURE LAND USE SPECIAL FEATURES MICROCLIMATE

SENSE OF PLACE

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JALAN BUNUS & COLOSSEUM

SITE

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CONCEPT Plan

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Master Plan-Public Space Selection 21

SWOT ANALYSIS 22

Public Space Division 23

REVAMP Jalan Bunus

T M M

R M M

Jalan Bunus

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G

R M M

T 24

SECTION 25

The use of public realm (the nodes edges and public squares) to promote income generation.

Design Goal Reclaim Social Security through education to promote unemployment eradication

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VITALITIZE The Genius Loci to Complement Jalan Bunus

GENIUS LOCI & VITALITY 27

Extended Colosseum Added Seating & Cooling Features 28

Master Plan Sketch 29

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Proposed Master Plan Masjid India, City Centre, 50100 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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Achieved when urban spaces establish social contact, promote interaction between users

Vitality

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‘Who is the real founder of Kuala Lumpur? This issue has been debated passionately for almost a century. The official version or ‘Malay’ version credits Raja Abdullah (a Bugis rather than Malay chief) with the establishment of Kuala Lumpur, while the Chinese regard Yap Ah Loy as the legendary founder. If there was a Chinese founder he would have been the first Capitan China of Kuala Lumpur, but Yap Ah Loy was the third. The ‘founding myth’ of Kuala Lumpur is revealed in a survey of contemporary literature disclosing the disagreements as to the origin and the founding father of the capital city of Malaysia. Even the name Kuala Lumpur has been problematized on the premise that it is not in keeping with Malay usage. Various hypothesis have been put forth as to the origin of the name Kuala Lumpur, ranging from ‘Pengkalen Lumpur’ (Pangkalan Lumpur) to the Cantonese word, lam-pa. A highly respected historian of Kuala Lumpur thereby concluded that ‘The origin of the local name will probably never be established.’ This work attempts to offer a satisfactory explanation to resolve this issue once and for all.

In terms of who was first on the spot, we know that Sutan Puasa was in Kuala Lumpur before 1850. Hui Siew and (Yap) Ah Sze Keledek were there in 1857. Liu Ngim Kong alias Pak Loh Tsi appeared in Kuala Lumpur in 1861. All these men were invited to come over to Kuala Lumpur by Sutan Puasa. Yap Ah Loy only showed up in Kuala Lumpur in 1862.

Sutan Puasa sanctioned the appointment of each Capitan China of Kuala Lumpur of that period, from Hui Siew (1859) to Liu Ngim Kong (1862) to Yap Ah Loy (1869).

Subject matter: ‘Sutan Puasa, The Founder of Kuala Lumpur’ chronicles the story of entrepreneur Sutan Puasa, from his migration from Mandailing in Sumatra to his eventual settlement and founding of Kuala Lumpur circa 1830s. From its inception, Kuala Lumpur was a riverine landing stage serving the mining settlements in the interior. Its growth as an interior trading post and thriving multicultural commercial centre was spearheaded through the visionary leadership of Sutan Puasa. By 1850 there were already two business streets which under colonial rule became Market Street (Leboh Pasar Besar) and Java Street (Mountbatten Road/Jalan Tun Perak). Sutan Puasa himself lived on Ampang Street before moving to Batu Road (Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman) and finally to Chow Kit Road. A pioneer agriculturalist, Sutan Puasa opened up the areas upriver of Kuala Lumpur in Setapak, Segambut and Gombak for irrigated paddy fields to feed the miners and the general populace, and developed jungle paths around Kuala Lumpur to facilitate transportation and communication with the metropolis. Besides having diversified mining and agricultural investments, Sutan Puasa was also a ‘Taukeh Labur’ (investment tycoon) for Chinese mines. He invited the first Chinese traders to Kuala Lumpur. Sutan Puasa’s control of Kuala Lumpur was undermined through the agency of British intervention during the Klang War (1867–1873), the longest civil strife in nineteenth century Malaya. At the conclusion of the war, the British handed over the helm of Kuala Lumpur to Yap Ah Loy, the third Kapitan China of Kuala Lumpur. Sutan Puasa remained a tin trader and merchant until his death in 1908. He is buried at the Ampang Muslim cemetery. In 1880 the capital of Selangor was moved to Kuala Lumpur and in 1896 Kuala Lumpur emerged as the capital of the Federated Malay States (FMS).’

Ref: http://arecabooks.com/sutan-puasa-founder-kuala-lumpur/

origin

Extending the Genius loci 33

Jalan Bunus & NOSTALGIA 34

The Past is Never Where You Think You Left It

Following on her last exhibition which featured the transformation of local political paraphernalia, Minstrel Kuik builds a hut with wax-covered newspapers as its walls. Red fluorescent lights illuminate the interior, where a sewn-up broadsheet – combined from the 31st August 2015 editions of Utusan Malaysia and Berita Harian – include video stills from Malaya’s first Prime Minister talking about power. The installation immediately demands one to interrogate personal responses to symbolic items like the Malay newspapers, melted wax, political rhetoric, red threads, unity slogans, etc. In a time when Malaysian artists like to comment about local politics, albeit in a general and vague way, Minstrel’s incisive reference to a specific political hegemony is refreshing for its directness.

Art Work by

Art KL-itique

Linkages & NOSTALGIA 35

GENIUS LOCI & VITALITY 36

TRADITIONAL URBAN SPACE PERMEABILITY OBSTRUCTION SEATING

MIX USE SPACE

JALAN BUNUS TRAFFIC MODERN URBAN SPACE

PROPOSED COLISEUM SEATING

GENIUS LOCI STRATEGIES 37

HIERARCHY MINOR NODES

GENIUS LOCI Masjid India Coliseum Theatre Pawagam Coliseum

HIERARCHY MAJOR NODES

NODES & VITALITY 38

GENIUS LOCI & PUBLIC SPACE DESIGN 39

Conceptual Photomontage

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Nolly Plan 41

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This quality implies open connections within the urban tissue or spaces, as well as links to the surroundings, accommodating different access modes according to the size and disposition of the component elements.

Permeability

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HIERARCHY MINOR PATHS

Jalan TAR Jalan Bunus Jalan Masjid India Jalan Munshi Abdullah Jalan Rajah Laut River Gombak River Klang HIERARCHY MAJOR PATHS

ACCESS & PERMEABILITY 43

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Jalan TAR Jalan Bunus Jalan Masjid India Jalan Munshi Abdullah Jalan Rajah Laut River Gombak River Klang HIERARCHY MAJOR PATHS

ACCESS & PERMEABILITY Back Lanes & Minor Paths

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HIERARCHY MINOR PATHS

BACK ALLEYS Lorong Tar & Gombak VIBRANCE AND ROBUSTNESS Concept Case Study - Melbourne Laneway AU For Lorong Tar & Gombak 46

Environmental 47

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Hierachy

MASTER PLAN

Green City Concept - UNDERGROUND PARKING Cycle or Walk 49

Green City Concept - Cyclists Heaven Provision of public realm to develop a culture of cycling 50

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Green City Concept - Cycle friendly Addressing the parking problem 52

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School of the Performing Arts City Campus

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KLPAC MAPKL PUBLIKA

ALISTAR’S PERFORMING ARTS

PROPOSED: CITY CAMPUS

CAMPUS LOCATION 55

Simplicity is the catchword for architect Ng Sek San. His trademark designs can be seen in the quiet spaces of Sekeping Serendah, to the understated elegance of Lone Pine in Penang, and the cleverly used space at the PJ Trade centre.

The principal of Sek San Design Landscape Architecture and Planning is also known for his outspoken views on urban planning.

“Why do I have to tolerate what is happening in this country when I could go and live anywhere else in the world?” It wasn’t about a lifestyle, he explains, but a country where he could bring up his children in a fair and safe manner.

“I can’t trust the police or the judicial system anymore. But there is a glimmer of hope after the 2008 elections where there was change in certain state governments.

“If I were the mayor of Kuala Lumpur, I could implement a “I work as an architect and serve the elite of society which makes up maybe 20 per cent of the more workable transportation population. The government should use our skills to serve the other 80 per cent and there are many of system for less than 10 million us who are willing to rise to this challenge, but it’s not happening. Smart housing design doesn’t equate ringgit – and this amount is to spending a lot of money. There are some of us who are already doing this. Thinking about it is peanuts for the government. wonderful, but mobilising it is another thing altogether,” he adds.

“Charity is not enough and sustainable effort is crucial. I do believe that this can happen, as I mentioned earlier, a change is slowly but surely coming about.”

NG SEK SAN 56

Closest arts campus: KLPAC 57

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KLPAC

KLPAC

Event Space

Practice Space

Public Performance Space

Experimental Theatre

SITE

Closest arts campus: KLPAC 59

PERMEABILITY

LINKAGES

GREEN SPACES

Case Study: School of the Arts Singapore (SOTA) 60

Case Study: School of the Arts Singapore (SOTA) 61

The architecture of WOHA, founded by Wong Mun Summ and Richard Hassell in 1994, is notable for its constant evolution and innovation. A profound awareness of local context and tradition is intertwined with an ongoing exploration of contemporary architectural form-making and ideas, thus creating a unique fusion of practicality and invention. WOHA conceptualizes all aspects of the architectural process, and environmental principles have always been fundamental to the work of the practice, which is guided by a commitment to responsive place-making and to the creation of an invigorating and sustainable architecture.

Wong Mun Summ and Richard Hassell 62

Petronas University of Technology was founded in 1997 and is the region's largest academic centre for the study of civil, mechanical, chemical and electrical engineering. Fully funded by the Malaysian oil company Petronas, it aims to combine the best academic training with hands-on industrial experience to produce a new generation of graduates who can contribute to the country's industrial development.

Located within the lush tropical landscape at Seri Iskandar, 300 kilometres north of the capital, Kuala Lumpur, the 450-hectare site is characterised by steep hills and lakes, which are a legacy of the area's history of tin mining. The design responds to the physical landscape of the site and to the weather patterns particular to this part of the world. While it can be intensely hot in the sun, in the monsoon season the skies open every afternoon to bring torrential rain, creating a cycle in which the ground is alternately scorched and soaked. To allow students to move around the campus freely, while shaded from the sun or protected from downpours, crescent-shaped canopies shelter the pedestrian paths that wind around the site. Held aloft by slender columns, these canopies intersect to encircle a landscaped park. Where possible, the planting and terrain have been preserved in their natural state, or reinstated, although some marshy land has been flooded to form a water installation.

Arranged around the edge of the park are buildings for teaching and research, contained in four-storey blocks that tuck beneath the edges of the canopies. CafĂŠs and other communal student facilities are located at the canopy intersections, which also correspond with the entrances to the housing accommodation. Marking the main entrance to the campus is the drum-like form of the resource centre.

Containing a library and a multi-purpose auditorium, it is the university's chief social and ceremonial hub. The future expansion of the campus will see the completion of a sports stadium and a mosque − amenities that will be shared with the residents of a new town that is growing up close to the campus.

Library Concept 63

Library Concept 64

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Campus Design

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THE BLOCK ● ● ●

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Riverine Heritage City Campus ● ● ● ● ● ●

HISTORY (previous names, functions and important events), BLOCK FORM (rhythm and repetition, façade character in terms of details and unique features, change of levels, scale and proportion, sense of enclosure) DOMINANT BUILDING USE (characteristics of surrounding use and degree of mix and compatibility) BUILDING LINE (relationship to street, front, rear and middle permeability), LINKAGES (continuity of pedestrian movement and its qualities) PERMEABILITY (ease of movement, access and circulation pattern and flow) VIEWS (impact, qualities and significance of views), MICROCLIMATE (orientation) LANDSCAPE QUALITIES (dominant features) BLOCK ACTIVITIES (variety, degree of transparency, nature of activities, special features and temporal aspects) 66

Fine grain Footprint

Coarse Grain Development

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Heritage

Average Storefront 2-3 units 68

Heritage

Heritage experience Alfresco plaza design

Clarke Quay, Singapore Jalan Masjid India Heritage Walk 69

Architecture ArtificialAwareness CollaborationCommitmentCommunicationCommuni

tyCompetitionConstruction CooperationDetail design DurableEcology EducationEmotion Environmental planning Go Dutch GoudaGreen|Red

Health CareHistory

LANDSCAPE DESIGN

InspirationLandscape

LogisticsMasterplan Natureparticipation People PerspectivePhased development

ProcessPublic

Green Roof and Vertical Garden

spaceRespect RomaniaRotterdam ScaleSocial cohesion SustainableTechnical aspects Buzaului

TransformationUrban Value Vama

Vision Water

Architecture ArtificialAwareness CollaborationCommitmentCommunicationCommuni

tyCompetitionConstruction CooperationDetail design DurableEcology EducationEmotion Environmental planning Go Dutch GoudaGreen|Red

Health CareHistory

InspirationLandscape LogisticsMasterplan Natureparticipation People PerspectivePhased development

ProcessPublic

spaceRespect RomaniaRotterdam ScaleSocial cohesion SustainableTechnical aspects Buzaului

TransformationUrban Value Vama

Vision Water

ROOFTOP A model for future development of the entire heritage zone

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Terminology / Green Roof Definitions Adaptation - In the context of climate change, an adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or their effect, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities.

Aggregate - Non-organic fragments that make up part of growing medium. (GRHC) Allowances - An amount established in the contract documents for inclusion in the contract sum to cover the cost of prescribed items not specified in detail and providing for the variation between the predicted cost and the actual cost of construction. (GRHC) Ballast - A material used to hold loose laid roofing materials in place. (GRHC) Bidding - When a general call is issued to contractors to propose a competitive budget to complete a given project. (GRHC)

Bidding, Pre-qualified - When an owner issues an invitation to bid to a selection of qualified contractors.

(GRHC)

Built-Up Systems - Green roof which is constructed / assembled directly at the final destination. The most efficient solution in regards of costs, environmental and general green roof benefits. “Monolithic systems are the Best Management Practice (BMP) in professional and modern green roof technology� (Breuning 1999).

Bid Securities - Insurance that provides the owner a mechanism for financial recovery should the low prime bidder default upon its bid, in the absence of a bona-fide and substantive error. (GRHC)

Bid Shopping - Given enough time the general contractor will immediately begin shopping the lowest bidder in order to procure a "final and best offer" from all bidders. To avoid this process, subcontractors withhold their bids to the general contractors until the last minute. (Bruce, 2005)

Biodiversity - The variableamong living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terretial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems.

Bonding of Subcontractors - Payment and performance bonds are written by a surety or and insurance company and insure faithful performance of the work contracted and pull payment to those companies that provide services or materials for the project. (ASPE 2003 : 30)

Cation exchange - The quantity of positive ions (cation) that can be absorbed by growing medium. (GRHC)

Carbon Footprint - Measures the total amount of greenhouse gases (GHG) caused by an activity or a person’s day-to-day life through the burning of fossil fuels for electricity,cooling, transportation etc., and is generally measured in units of tons (or kilograms) of carbon dioxide equivalent.

Climate change - Change of climate that is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and that is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods.

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Chain of Custody - A process involving the assignment of quality assurance responsibilities for the entire construction process. (GRHC)

Critical Path -A sequence of tasks that need to be carried out in order for a project to reach substantial acceptance and completion. (GRHC)

Commissioning -A process of achieving validating and documenting that the performance of the complete building and its systems meet the design needs and requirements of the owner. (Demkin 2001)

Compaction - Increase in growing medium density. (GRHC)

Counter-flashings -Metal sheeting placed at the base of a parapet wall to protect the membrane and base flashings. (GRHC)

Control joints - Joints which accommodate the movement in the surface component of the roof. (GRHC)

Dead Loads - All permanently placed materials on and below the roof (e ,g. green roof materials, green roof plants, ceiling fans). (GRHC)

Design Build -When a single firm is responsible for both the design and construction of a given project. (GRHC)

Direct Green Roof System - Is a system where the vegetation is not planted in containers or modules, but onto specially designed layers that are placed on top of the existing roof. Often called seamless system, wall-to-wall system or monolithic system.

Direct green roof systems are the most efficient solution for greening roofs with the best protection for the roof.

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Drainage Layer -System comprised of granular drainage material, drainage boards, drains, and/or pipes which remove enough water from the roof so as to not compromise the waterproofing system and building. Ideally this allows enough water to remain in the system to sustain plant life. (Breuning/ GRHC)

Ecosytem services - The direct and indirect contributions of ecosystems to human well-being.

Erosion Blankets - Protective sheeting or woven fabric placed on top of growing medium to protect it from wind, water or mechanical erosion while plants are being established. (Breuning / GRHC)

Ethylene Propylene Diene Terpolymer (EPDM) -EPDM material is a thermosetting synthetic elastomeric membrane (RCI).

Evapotranspiration - The sum of water loss through evaporation and plant transpiration. (GRHC)

Expansion joints - Joints which are an extension of membrane flashings and permit the structure to expand and contract without breaking. (GRHC)

Extensive Green Roof -An extensive green roof system is typically one with a growing medium depth of 6" or less and no permanent irrigation system. (Breuning / GRHC)

Fertilization -The application of nutrients to plants. Can take to form of solids or liquids. (Breuning / GRHC)

Filter Cloth, Filter Fabric -A synthetic material laid over or included as a part of the drainage layer to prevent blockage of the drainage.

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Food Security - Food security refers to the availability of basic foods and how accessible they are.

Friction coefficient -a scalar value which describes the ratio of the force of friction between two bodies and the force pressing them together. (GRHC) Green Roof Assembly -An assembly consisting root barrier, drainage layer, filter cloth, growing medium, and plants installed on an impervious surface.

(GRHC) Green Infrastructure - Green infrastructure refers to the array of products, technologies, and practices, such as green roof habitats, that use naturals systems to enhance overall environmental quality and provide ecosystem services, such as filtering air pollution, carbon sequestration, and stormwater attenuation.

Growing medium, Growing Media, Green Roof Soil - the particulate matter or substrate that anchors the plant roots to sustain plant growth. (Breuning / GRHC) HVAC systems - Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning systems. (GRHC) Hydrodynamic membrane -A membrane that relies on gravity to shed water.

(GRHC) Hydrostatic membrane -A membrane that is able to withstand pressure exerted by a fluid due to its weight. (GRHC) Intensive Green Roof, Garden Roof, Roof Garden -An intensive green roof system is one with growing medium typically of a depth of 6" or more and permanent irrigation. (Breuning / GRHC) Irrigation System (temporary or permanent) -Systems which deliver moisture to the growing medium making it available for plant use.

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Life-Cycle Cost - The capital and operational cost of a construction item or system during the estimated useful life of a structure (e.g. building). (Breuning / GRHC)

Life Cycle Costing Analysis (LCC) - The capital and operational cost of a construction item or system during the estimated useful life of a structure (e.g. building). (Breuning / GRHC)

Live Load -All equipment and people on the roof. They are not permanent elements and cause the weight on the roof will fluctuate. (GRHC)

Loose Laid Green Roof System, Built-Up Systems, Monolithic Systems, Wall-To-Wall Green Roofs Green roof which is constructed / assembled directly at the final destination. The most efficient solution in regards of costs, environmental and general green roof benefits. “Monolithic systems are the Best Management Practice (BMP) in professional and modern green roof technology� (Breuning 1999).

Membrane Protection Layer -A material used to protect the waterproofing membrane and/or an insulation layer against friction between roofing and green roof elements. (Breuning / GRHC)

Mitigation - In the context of climate change, a human intervention to reduce the sources or enhance the sinks of greenhouse gases.

Modular Green Roof System, Tray System, Pre-vegetated Planters, Prefab Sectional System - A roof greening system which combines one or more layers in a pre-manufactured or pre-vegetated container (e.g. drainage, growing mediums, and plants). Pre-vegetated modular systems are a costly alternative for small projects and hobby gardeners. (Breuning)

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Monolithic System - Green roof which is constructed / assembled directly at the final destination. The most efficient solution in regards of costs, environmental and general green roof benefits. “Monolithic systems are the Best Management Practice (BMP) in professional and modern green roof technology” (Breuning 1999).

Moisture Retention Layer - Layer installed below the drainage layer which stores water for plants' use after a rain event, or to spread moisture more evenly over a large area. Moisture retention fabrics are installed below the drainage and often have an additional function as membrane protection layer. (Breuning)

Negotiation - When an owner decides to hire a contractor as a sole-source provider based on previous experience or reputation.

Overburden -A term used primarily by roofing professionals to refer to the entire green roof system above the waterproofing. (Breuning)

Packaging Process -Process involving the establishment of a hierarchy of responsibility between the trades.

(GRHC)

Plenum -The space that is used for air circulation in heating and air conditioning systems, typically between the structural ceiling and the suspended ceiling or under a raised floor. The plenum is typically used to house the communication cables for the buildings computer and telephone network(s). (GRHC)

Punch List - A list of items of work to be completed or corrected by the contractor after substantial acceptance.

(GRHC)

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) - A synthetic thermoplastic polymer prepared from vinyl chloride often compounded into flexible and rigid forms through the use of plasticizers, stabilizers, fillers, and other modifiers; rigid forms are used in pipes, flexible forms are used in the manufacturing of sheeting a roof membrane materials (RCI).

Schedule of Values - A statement furnished by the contractor to the architect reflecting the portions of the contract sum allocated to the various portions of the work and used as the basis for reviewing the contractor's application for payment. (AIA 2001)

Staging - A specified area used to store materials during construction. (GRHC)

Supersaturating – Can be a wanted or unwanted worst-case scenario in which the roof is flooded to a certain depth, caused primarily by reduced run-off into roof drains. (Breuning/GRHC)

Quality Assurance - Actions taken to ensure that standards and procedures for the implementation of a system or product are adhered to, such that they meet technical requirements. (GRHC)

Retrofit - When a green roof is built on to an existing roof. (GRHC) Pre-bid conferences -Conferences held in order for the owner and design team to clearly communicate information, be it technical or procedural, to bidding contractors. (GRHC)

Roof Assembly - A roof assembly is the interaction of all roofing components, including the roof deck, membranes, insulation, covering, etc, for weather proofing and thermal insulation. (GRHC)

Pre-Design -The period of time before the design period begins where the scope of work is relined . (GRHC)

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Water Holding Capacity -The maximum volume of water that a medium can tolerate before super-saturation.

(Breuning/GRHC)

Water capture -The quantity of water that is retained in any layer of a green roof system after new water additions have ceased and that cannot escape the roof except through evaporation or plant transpiration. (Breuning / ASTM e2397 -05: 3.2.1)

affecting the waterproofing system. (GRHC)

R-value -The measure of thermal resistance. R = K¡m²/W (GRHC)

Semi-Intensive Green Roof -A semi-intensive green roof system is one with a growing medium depth of around 6" that is occasionally irrigated. (Breuning /GRHC)

Shop Drawings -Depict the conditions of installation throughout the construction process, including a profile schematic, details, information, and accurate dimensions and configurations. (GRHC)

Submittals -Product data, supplier's technical literature, MSDS, a statement by the supplier that the product is suited to, and approved, for the proposed use, samples, soil samples and test reports, cost estimate, and shop drawings. (Breuning / GRHC)

Urban Heat Island Effect -This is a phenomenon whereby urban areas experience higher temperatures than the surrounding countryside. This is caused primarily by the change in land cover from green open spaces to buildings, roads and other infrastructure which absorb solar radiation during the day and releases it as latent heat during the night.

Value Engineering -A meeting of minds between owners, designers, and contractors to reduce the costs of a project by substituting materials or construction methods with "approved" alternative products or methods that will provide acceptable results of equal or better quality. (Breuning / GRHC)

Vitrify -To make a surface non-porous. (GRHC

Root Repellent Layer -A physical barrier which prevents roots from

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InspirationLandscape LogisticsMasterplan Natureparticipation People PerspectivePhased development

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spaceRespect RomaniaRotterdam ScaleSocial

green roof gardens Detailing

cohesion SustainableTechnical aspects Buzaului

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Vision Water 79

Typical Green Roof Components ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Protection Fabric Retention Fabric Drainage Plates Drainage Mats Drainage Channels Filter Fabric FLL approved growing media

2016 Jörg Breuning & Green Roof Service LLC.

Green Roofs 80

Granular Drainage System A granular system uses specially engineered lightweight drainage media for its lower level drainage layer. While it may be a little heavier than a drainage board system of an equal depth the advantage of a granular drainage system is all the pore space and surface area of the media. These tiny pores trap moisture and hold it longer so that the plants can access during droughts. Also, even though there is no organic matter in this layer all the tiny pores and crevices trick the plants into thinking the soil is deeper encouraging them to send out more roots.

Drainage Board/Plate System Drainage board, plate, or "egg crate" systems are a wonderful system when you need to maximize stormwater retention yet have as light weight a structure as possible.

The composition of these boards comes in a variety of materials and water holding capacities to meet any number of weight, insulation, and water holding needs.

DRAINAGE SYSTEMS Green Roofs 81

BASE WORK 82

Micro Application 83

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DETAIL SECTION

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2 1 2 86

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DETAIL SECTION

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DETAILS

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Landscaped Heritage Zone from the ground up

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tyCompetitionConstruction CooperationDetail design DurableEcology EducationEmotion Environmental planning Go Dutch GoudaGreen|Red

Health CareHistory

vertical gardens

InspirationLandscape

LogisticsMasterplan Natureparticipation People PerspectivePhased development

ProcessPublic

detailing

spaceRespect RomaniaRotterdam ScaleSocial cohesion SustainableTechnical aspects Buzaului

TransformationUrban Value Vama

Vision Water

01 Extensive An extensive green wall consists of a vine that can climb a structure on its own. One of the benefits of this type of green wall is its low installation cost and maintenance. It also provides excellent shade during the warmer months. Through proper plant selection, vines may be chosen to accommodate seasonal needs such as allowing for more sun to reach the building in the winter or the option for evergreen winter decor.

02 Semi-intensive Semi-intensive green wall uses a support system for climbing plants. These support systems can be cables or a wire mesh that the vines wrap themselves around creating a dense green wall.

These too can be used to create a cool shady environment and can be a good solution for buildings that have a facade that might otherwise be damaged by climbing plants. Both extensive and semi-intensive green walls can provide food and habitat for wildlife.

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03 Intensive Intensive green walls consist of a planter cell style. This type of wall comes in many forms and is typically composed of plastic grid like components or a large sheets of felt like material with pockets for soil. These systems offer a lot of options in terms of decorative and plant selection, but are general high maintenance in terms of irrigation, weeding, and fertilizing.

Green walls where their maintenance outweighs their ecological benefits also fall into the green art category.

04 Free Standing Free standing green walls are green walls that are independent of an architectural structure. Some common examples of this type of structure might be a neatly pruned hedge or shrub. While largely used as screens for privacy, this types of green wall can provide seasonal interest through a wide selection of ever-green to semi evergreen foliage, flowers, and berries in addition to providing food and shelter for wildlife.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY 1.

Habitat Debate - Vol. 5 - No. 1 - 1999 - Rural-Urban Linkages (HABITAT, 1999, 57 p.)

2.

Sources: New England Journal of Medicine, Participatory Slum Upgrading Programme, UN Habitat,

3.

Sources: Wang. L. China Smart Grid. Xin dian gai li ting xin nengyuan: ke zai sheng nengyuan pei e zhi yi huo pi jinqi huo gongbu. 2015. http://guangfu.bjx.com.cn/news/20150330/603267.shtml

4.

China Could Issue Renewable Portfolio Standard by Year-End. Renesola News. 2014. http://www.renesola.com/ news/156.htm

5.

Bellona Foundation. (2009). The sahara forest project. Retrieved September 13, 2011, from http://www.saharaforestproject.com/#/

6.

Bridgewood, L. (2003). Hydroponics: Soilless gardening explained. Ramsbury, Marlborough, Wiltshire: The Crowood Press Limited.

7.

Brudvig, L. A., Damschen, E. I., Tewksbury, J. J., Haddad, N. M., & Levey, D. J. (2009). Landscape connectivity promotes plant biodiversity spillover into non-targent habitats. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(23), 9328.

8.

Charles, H., & Godfray, J. (2011). Food and biodiversity. Science, 333, 1231.

9.

Cho, R. (2011). Seawater greenhouses produce tomatoes in the desert. Retrieved November 15, 2011, from http://blogs.ei.columbia.edu/2011/02/18/seawater-greenhouses-produce-tomatoes-in-the-desert/

10.

Clery, D. (2011). Greenhouse—power plant hybrid set to make jordan's desert bloom. Science, 331, 136.

11.

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2011). Statistics. Retrieved October 5, 2011, from http://www.fao.org/corp/statistics/en/

12.

Growing Power. (2011). Growing power vertical farm. Retrieved November 2, 2011, from http://growingpower.org/verticalfarm.html

13.

HydroGarden. (n.d.). Quality in commerical hydroponics. Retrieved November 1, 2011, from http://www.commercial-hydroponics.com/hydro.html

14.

Hydroponics: An introduction to soilless agriculture. Williams, J. and Bolton, D. (Directors). (1991).[Video/DVD] Athens, GA: American Association for Vocational Instructional Materials.

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Schematic Masjid India, City Centre, 50100 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

SOA SCHEDULE OF ACCOMMODATION FOR A CITY CAMPUS Masjid India, City Centre, 50100 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Master Plan 98

GROUND FLOOR Plan 99

MEZZANINE FLOOR Plan 100

1ST FLOOR Plan 101

2ND FLOOR Plan 102

ROOF Plan 103

SECTION 104

SECTION 105

SECTION 106

SECTION 107

ELEVATION 108

Strategies ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Public Spaces Legibility Accessibility Connectivity Vitality Vibrancy Genius Loci

SENSE OF PLACE

Linkage Theory 109

Legibility ● ● ● ● ●

Permeability Vitality Variety Legibility Robustness

SENSE OF PLACE

Garden Heritage City Campus 110

HISTORY TOPOGRAPHY TOWNSCAPE SKYLINE URBAN FORM LANDSCAPE URBAN STRUCTURE GRAIN TEXTURE LAND USE SPECIAL FEATURES MICROCLIMATE

SENSE OF PLACE

HISTORY_01 TOPOGRAPHY_02 TOWNSCAPE_03 SKYLINE_04 07

URBAN FORM_05 LANDSCAPE_06 URBAN STRUCTURE_07

06

06

08

GRAIN_08 TEXTURE_09

08

05 11

LAND USE_10 SPECIAL FEATURES_11 MICROCLIMATE_12

01 08 112

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HISTORY

114

ROOFTOP

115

JALAN BUNUS

116

LIBRARY

117

THEATRE

COURTYARD

118

COURTYARD

119

120

ROOFTOP

121

122

LINKAGE

CITY CAMPUS

123

124

Street Hierarchy

MASTER PLAN

125

Jalan Bunus

MASTER PLAN

Presentation Material

126

127

REFERENCES 18 July 2016

Art KL-itique The Past is Never Where You Think You Left It @ Wei-Ling Contemporary http://artklitique.blogspot.my/2016/07/the-past-is -never-where-you-think-you.html

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Contacts: +60172099536 leonkaindikioko@gmail.com

Merci Sincerely Leon Kioko

Portfolios and Resume: http://instagram.com/archnart_leon.k http://issuu.com/archnart_leon.k https://my.linkedin.com/in/leon-kioko-12472295 sdgs_logos_banner.jpg CSR please consider the environment before printing this e-mail

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Appendix

130

Option 1

131

Zoning 132

Legibility ● ● ● ● ●

Permeability Vitality Variety Legibility Robustness

SENSE OF PLACE

134

Strategies 135

Design principles explained Hierarchy Datum Urban form Intermediate spaces

136

Option 2

137

Strategies Public Spaces Legibility Accessibility Connectivity Vitality Vibrancy Genius Loci SENSE OF PLACE

138

MICRO Site Context Integrating with the existing

Surface totale 5 006,95 m2

- THE BLOCK ● HISTORY (previous names, functions and ● important events), ● BLOCK FORM (rhythm and repetition, façade character in terms of details and unique features, change of levels, scale and proportion, sense of enclosure) ● DOMINANT BUILDING USE (characteristics of surrounding use and degree of mix and compatibility) ● BUILDING LINE (relationship to street, front, rear and middle permeability), ● LINKAGES (continuity of pedestrian movement and its qualities) ● PERMEABILITY (ease of movement, access and circulation pattern and flow) ● VIEWS (impact, qualities and significance of views), ● MICROCLIMATE (orientation) ● LANDSCAPE QUALITIES (dominant features) ● BLOCK ACTIVITIES (variety, degree of transparency, nature of activities, special features and temporal aspects) 139

Vehicle free space-Surface totale SITE: 10 576,07 m2

MICRO Site Context Vehicle free 140

Green City Concept Cycle or Walk 141

CONCEPT IMAGES 142

CONCEPT IMAGES 143

Permeability

Courtyard Linkages 144

SKY Linkages 145

Public vs Private realm - GREEN ROOFING POLICY 146

Contacts: +60172099536 leonkaindikioko@gmail.com

Merci Sincerely Leon Kioko

Portfolios and Resume: http://instagram.com/archnart_leon.k http://issuu.com/archnart_leon.k https://my.linkedin.com/in/leon-kioko-12472295 sdgs_logos_banner.jpg CSR please consider the environment before printing this e-mail

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