Avevor, Xorlanyo

ARB / RIBA PART II

ARCHITECTURE

PORTFOLIO

XORLANYO AVEVOR SELECTED WORKS 2020-2022

ABOUT ME Xorlanyo is recent Part II graduate whereby he completed his education at Liverpool School of Art & Design. He completed his Master’s degree under the tutelage of Claudine Saint Arroman, Craig Mitchell and Ian Wroot.

In 2019, Xorlanyo started working for the Lincolnshire based architecture practice Bowen Architects where he developed his skills as a practitioner.

He worked on a wide range of projects including listed buildings, residential and commercial space.

Xorlanyo’s has a key interest in architecture which is community driven, and he focused on these intentions throughout his Part II Studies. He also has an interest in tectonic architecture and would like to strengthen his understanding about how materials can be assembled in a clean manner.

Outside of the profession, Xorlanyo enjoys playing and watching team sports such as football and enjoys travelling when he can.

CONTACT xorlanyoavevor@gmail.com

WEBSITES issuu.com/xorlanyoavevor6588 linkedin.com/in/xorlanyo-avevor-063333183/

CONTENTS 01. COMMUNITY PEDAGOGY MArch Year 2 Semester 2 02. SITOPIA - URBAN DESIGN MArch Year 2 Semester 1 03. CALLISTER TRUST - LIVE PROJECT MArch Year 2 Semester 1 04. ‘FEEDING’ ON COMMUNITY MArch Year 1 Semester 2 05. COMMUNITY RESURGENCE MArch Year 1 Semester 1 06. SPECIALIST STUDY MArch Year 1 Semester 2 CIRRICULUM VITAE

01 COMMUNITY PEDAGOGY THESIS PROJECT

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INITIAL POSITIONS [Proverb] Bunyoro, Uganda -“Omwana takulila nju emoi” It takes a village to raise a child Since Victorian England the layout and teaching methods of the classroom haven’t been subject to much change. Using the Calton area of Glasgow as a testing ground, this thesis speculates as to whether education can take a more symbiotic approach to its environment; whereby the community can learn for the pupils and the pupils can learn from the community. In cities schools often tend towards localisation which often hinders their integration with existing communities.

Testing the possibility of interweaving educational interventions within the urban grain changes this narrative of localisation to one which is more community driven.

VICTORIAN CLASSROOM

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PRELIMINARY STUDIES INTERVENTION AREAS Intentionally selecting infill sites along the pedestrian artery of our masterplan helps to plug the gaps in the urban form whilst contributing positive to the area as shown in the axonometric and schematic sketch plan below.

Primary Site Supplementary interventions

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PRELIMINARY STUDIES SKETCH DEVELOPMENT ROUTINE OF A PRIMARY PUPIL 1

ide prov of to ed ro off n Slop ru ce surfa

in r ma ass fo g ng m uildin Star ti ool b h c s ary m ri p

e rovid t to p ace f ligh m sp e roo iu tr a Larg tial oten for p

light allow oof to ntilation oth r e v to w d Sa n an tratio pene

st to intre add ff ing to runo il e r c te a ed ide w Vault prov & form

3

5

Back to classroom/ outdoor facilities for lessons

Classroom for registration

Assembly hall for morning briefing ect...

2

Final lessons in classrooms/after school club

Lunch and afternoon play/sports

4

To ensure the design had a considered approach, ST EAT

SPORT

THE ATRE

COMMUNITY KITCHEN/ FOOD HALL

thinking at an early stage about how the users would experience the spaces was vital. This played a role in helping to inform the massing of buildings and

CP

the programme of the spaces between. For example think about how a primary school pupil would

HALL

go through their typical day helped to inform the

CP GH

arrangement of educational buildings acrross the LIBRARY

NURSERY

AGRI CULTURE

site; ensuring that the classrooms where in close proximity to the assembly hall and ensuring that there was a clear route to the lunch hall as well.

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A VISUAL LANGUAGE

EDUCATIONAL TYPOLOGY

ARCHWAY TYPOLOGY

The existing vacant school

This typology borrows cues from the phleth-

building provided the clues

ora of railway arches in the Calton. These ex-

for the formation of a visual

isting arches have been adapted to house dif-

language

primary

ferent types of programme under the railway

school. Referencing the Al-

tracks or simply been used a new through

dershot housing scheme by

routes. Abstracting this motif into the form

Sergison Bates Architects, the

shown above creates a language that will be

exaggerated chimney stacks

recognised by the locals. Also the archways

create a visual signature im-

can create a sense of permeability.

for

the

plying that the homes are from the same house style.

Extracting nuances from the roof structure of the existing school building helped to provide a visual signature for the proposed primary school interventions being proposed.

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The plans show a logical arrangement of buildings within the school ‘village’ and all the spaces between the buildings have a clear purpose. For example, the corner of the site towards the bottom west houses the caretakers hut coupled with cycle storage for the teaching staff. Likewise, the awkward triangular space behind eastern classroom pavilion is a wildflower garden for the children to experience nature and spark their curiosity. One of the criticisms from a previous

LOCATION PLAN

interim review was that the classroom pavilions were good in principle with their social courtyards, however the utilitarian layout led to them becoming coming across a quite rigid. Therefore, you can see now in plan how these spaces have become more interesting with the introduction of mezzanine spaces and hidden tunnels into the playground spaces.

LOCATION PLAN

CONNECTIVE ROUTES SECTIONS & ELEVATION PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS

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SITE PLAN

18

16 15

19

1.

SICK ROOM

2.

NURSERY/RECEPTION

3.

CLASSROOM PAVILION

4.

WILDFLOWER GARDEN

5.

RESIDENTIAL HOUSING

6.

CARETAKERS HUT

7.

KITCHEN/LUNCH HALL

8.

INDOOR GYMNASIUM

9.

STORYTELLING TOWER

10. STAFF PAVILION 11.

17

ASSEMBLY HALL

12. GREENHOUSE 20

13. AGRICULTURAL BUILDING 14. PARENT’S WAITING AREA 15. COMMUNITY LIBRARY 12

10

9

16. OUTDOOR MARKET 13

11

17.

14

8

PERFORMANCE SPACE

18. ALLOTMENTS 19. COMMUNITY EATERY 20. BREAD BAKING FURNACE

7

3 1

6 3

4

5

2

1. SICK ROOM

6. CARETAKERS HUT

11. ASSEMBLY/COMMUNITY HALL

16. OUTDOOR MARKET

2. NUSERY/RECEPTION

7. KITCHEN / LUNCH HALL

12. GREENHOUSE

17. PERFORMANCE SPACE

3. CLASROOM PAVILLION

8. INDOOR GYMNASIUM

13. AGRICULTURAL BUILDING

18. ALLOTMENTS

4. WILDFLOWER GARDEN

9. STORYTELLING TOWER

14. PARENT’S WAITING AREA

19. COMMUNITY COOKING / EATERY

5.RESIDENTIAL HOUSING

10. STAFF PAVILLION

15.COMMUNITY LIBRARY

20. BREAD BAKING FURNANCE

N

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Section AA

Elevation BB

INTERIOR & EXTERIOR VIEWS These visualisations aim to start to communicate the aura and feel of this scheme in a way that the orthographic and axonometric drawings don’t really show. For example, the image to the right show inside the classroom starts to depict the playful nature of the space and how the open layout always for flexibility which is vital in modern classrooms. Likewise, the entrance way perspective drawing illustrates the communal feel of the school buildings. the open layout always for flexibility which is vital in modern classrooms.

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ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGY

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02 SITOPIA URBAN DESIGN Xorlanyo Avevor Kyle Clarke Charlotte Topham

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CRITICAL POSITIONS CONCERNS

Life Expectancy by Electoral Ward

Our analytical research suggested key areas of concern such as a low life expectancy throughout Calton and the Gorbals compared to the whole of Glasgow. Additionally, the statistics indicate that the general health of people in Calton and the Gorbals is decreasing. Therefore, championing healthy living throughout the proposal could be one way to help reduce these alarming figures. Additional concerns include the disconnection the river Clyde and the railway line create. Our development site focus of the Calton and Gorbals to stimulate growth and the connection between these areas.

STRATEGIC IDEAS

Exhibition spaces on Farm techniques

Agricultural Education / Research

AQUAPONICS & HYDROPONICS With the goal in mind to increase the life expectancy in the Calton and Gorbals, introducing new farming techniques seemed like a logical idea to produce healthy food for the area whilst also educating people about these new techniques. As shown in the axonometric drawing to the left, towards the north of Calton a hydroponic and aquaponic demonstration farm has been introduced to attract the public to this neglected area of the city.

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Community Engagement

Sustainably Reconnecting Calton & the Gorbals

ZONE A 1.

Hydroponics/Aquaponics demonstration farm

2. Redevelopment of existing meat market 3. Commercial & Residential space 4. Outdoor market space & seating area 5. Mental health facility 1

20

6. Residential/park 7.

Boulevard with stream towards River Clyde

8. Wild meadow garden with water infill 3

9. Community Park for existing residents 2

20. Flower beds along route to Necropolis

4

7

5

8

9 6

SENSITIVE DEVELOPMENT

SENSITIVE DEVELOPMENT

The demonstration farm is the focus of Zone A and its unique form and large scale express that it is a new landmark in the city. The secondary built Udictisc iendaest, qui doles adictores amus versped environment which is more orthogonal its shape is more to utendig natior rem in utatur rest aut unto sympathetic et aut et amenvene eossimp orumquos cupienis its context, creating dae new aut routes and reinforcing existingas edges.

Even demquas though imuscid explibu scimodi cipsaep resende nimendit ad the form of these interventions is sympathetic the programme is rather molo in eos sincipsuntem quam imus, se molorenimi, socially focused withvelendi the introduction of sedis outdoor space, autmental storeprerum eic market to beressimus posama Persperro min rae. Oraecto officae.

Itatofomnimolorro health facility and flower beds, all striving to improve this area the city.

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SUSTAINABLE FISH FARMING & PUBLIC REALM

Above. sketch massing & approach Since Zone C is next to the River Clyde, it seemed logical Conceptual to mimic the rivers organic of nature through our architecture.

The area of the masterplan is focused on the sustainable farming of fish again linking to the idea of healthy living and

Right. Axonometric drawing of Zone C

education. Additional programmes such as an aquatics centre and the river promenade respond to the river whilst also providing the area with facilities that promote healthy living and a better quality of life. The idea is that the development in this part of the Gorbals coupled with the new pedestrian routes will create a better connection between the two areas.

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ZONE C

13. Stream continuing towards River Clyde 14. Aquatics Centre 15. Fish Farming Demonstration Centre 16. Mini golf, restaurants, shops ect...

17.

Riverside promenade

14

15

13

15

16 17

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03 CALLISTER TRUST LIVE PROJECT Xorlanyo Avevor Rrezelinda Haziri Sophie Edwards

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CALLISTER TRUST HISTORY In 1925 a wool merchant named Edward Fletcher Callister established a charitable trust ‘for the welfare of girls and young women in Birkenhead’ and raised money to buy the the walled garden on Slatey Road. The trust ran a youth club in Argyle Street (“The Cally”) and this garden, originally a green space used as tennis courts, a playing field and as a garden to teach trainees. According to their material, the WRVS and the YMCA used to host strawberry teas there for ladies. As the garden is being redeveloped of the gardens making referencing this history will perhaps help to give a deeper meaning to the spaces.

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BRIEF An open brief looking at ways the gardens provisions for children can be enhanced. A mixture of activities and installations are desirable to encourage children to explore on their own and to build confidence and value in the outdoors.

Parents of under 5s are also encouraged to be part of this learning experience.

Building on the brief and the proposed pavilion on site, we intend to enhance the experience for the children by sparking their curiosity through minor interventions within the space. The key design concepts specified to the right highlight how we propose to do so, with elements such as observing, making, learning, growing and storytelling all part of the journey through nature.

STIMULATING THE SENSES

STORY TELLING

MAKING

DESIGN CONCEPTS LEARNING THROUGH INTERACTION

DISCOVERY AND EXPLORATION

FREEDOM IN NATURE

EXPLORATION GROWING

STRENGTHENING COMMUNITY CONNECTIONS

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DESIGN DEVELOPMENT CONCEPTUAL TIMELINE

A JOURNEY THROUGH THE SENSES Given that the target audience is young children, it seemed logical to try and encourage their curiosity about nature through their sense.

Our concept is based on the idea of taking the children on a journey through a series of spaces, each with a key sense, in order to improve their connection to nature in a playful yet educational manner.

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1

INITIAL PROPOSAL

INITIAL PROPOSAL OBSERVATION ZONE MAKING ZONE GROWING ZONE 5

GALLERY SPACE

4

PLAYING AREA

End

4b

STORY TELLING

2

4a

Twigged passageway

6

3f

3d

1a

3e

3

3c

1

1b

3 3b

1c

3a

4 1d 1f 1f

5

2

1e 2b

2c

2a

6

2c

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round

en are

nsects

DESIGN RESOLUTION LANDSCAPE MASTERPLAN 1. OBSERVATION ZONE 2. MAKING ZONE

y have

3. GROWING ZONE

ticular

4. GALLERY

4 5

5. PLAYING AREA 6. STORY TELLING

tivities

ill take

eck for

rimary

6

ve the

owing,

ertical

3

of the

1

wcase

ed roof

ng the

sed all

ng the

nother.

ing set

2

o relax

nd the

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22

gallery space

drawings already produced by children in the observation zone

together; thus creating a bonding experiemce

GALLERY SPACE INVISAGED

KEY AREA 5 - PLAYING AREA VISUALISATION After the gallery space the children then move on to the playing area through the twigged structure whilst the parents observe and follow them on the existing pathway

This is the space where children can interact

During this time, volunteers will prepare the story

with other children, run free and use their imagination in a less controlled environment

telling zone which is the final space children will encounter before going home

26

PLAYGROUND AREA INVISAGED

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04 ‘FEEDING’ ON COMMUNITY HOUSING PROJECT

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PRELIMINARY STUDIES MANIFESTO Expanding on the original positions formulated in the group masterplan, this housing proposal is still very much focused on building on the community spirit that is already present in the Dingle. This manifesto attempts to integrate the production and sharing of food into the daily lives of the occupants and the wider community to help bring some of the countryside into the city. Also, this scheme aims to champion intergenerational living through the provision of a variety housing typologies which relate to each other; thus, providing choice for the diverse society that we live in.

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The illustration by English painter Harry Rutherford indicates the rare animation of the rear alley space in traditional back-to-back terraced housing. This scheme tries to follow this narrative be creating semi-private space for the residents inbetween their private rear gardens to try and deviate from the narrow and dark back alleys present in the terraces found close to the site. Also, the Dingle already has a lot of social infrastructure. The Florrie already hosts social facilities such as a food union and outdoor market space. By integrating specific programmes such as allotments and outdoor market space, this proposal respects the work already done by the existing community and works hard to work with it instead of isolating itself from its context.

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PROPOSED PLANNING 1. COMMUNAL GARDENING 7 8

2. COMPOST BIN 3. BIKE STORAGE

3

2

4. WASTE BIN STORE 4

5. MICRO ORCHID 13

6. RAINWATER HARVESTING

1 5

7. SHARED LIFT

6

8. OUTDOOR MARKET 9. COMMUNITY HUB 10.OUTDOOR EATING 11. PLAYGROUND 12. ALLOTMENTS 9

10

11

12

2 3

3

2

4

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4

13. OUTDOOR SEATING

3 BED TERRACE TYPOLOGY

Kitchen/Living Bathroom

Study or Kids Room

Bedroom 2

Store

WC

Terrace

Shower Study Living Room

Bedroom 1

Bedroom 3

2 BED APARTMENT Terrace

1 BED APARTMENT

Bedroom 2

Terrace

Bathroom

often think about how families interact with other families. However, looking at

Bedroom 1

Bedroom 1

When think about social interactions we

precedents such as Goldsmith Street by Laundry

Mikhail Riches, social interaction within the household should be neglected. For example, as shown in the 3-bed typol-

Bathroom

ogy there are pausing spaces on the Laundry

stair landings and terrace which allow

Kitchen & Living Kitchen & Living

for family members to interact more with one another. Likewise in the apartment

Access Balcony

typologies there are intentional views and Access Balcony

pausing spaces for these interactions.

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Site section - Terraces

Site section - Apartments

PERSPECTIVAL VIEWS These graphic illustrations start to depict the feeling of the some of the key spaces in this project. For example, the image below of the interior of community hub illustrates the key visual connection to the existing Florie building and how the hub sits within the middle of site. Also the birds eye view to the bottom right indicates the community aura of the site envisaging how the residents would occupy their rear gardens and roof terraces. In addition, the visual to the top right shows the social effectiveness of introducing rear access balconies, in that the residents can almost have panoramic views of what is happening in the estate whilst enjoying their privacy if they wish.

DETAILED DESIGN Maintaining a vernacular language with the context whilst also being sustainably conscious where two main aspects that this scheme wanted to achieve. Therefore, in order to keep with the common red brick language of the context, a red facing brick is used for the facade of the apartments however the main structural component is cross laminated timber. In addition, in order to follow the Passivhaus principles generous amounts of rockwool insulation are used in the envelope in order produce a low U-Value. Corten steel is also used sparingly for flashing and cladding due to its low maintenance and its ability to be easing recycled or re-used.

DETAIL A

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DETAIL B

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY

A - UNDERFLOOR

B - GREEN ROOF

C - GLAZING

D - BALCONY

E - ENVELOPE

Underfloor

heating

The green roof helps

As per the terraces

The rear balconies act

Following

is integrated into the

to absorb rainwater

triple glazed windows

as a brise soleil as well

sivhaus ideology of the

flats via the ground

and reduce the load

and doors are used to

as a social tool. This

terraces, a CLT & rock-

source heat pump.

on the drainage sys-

help reduce heat loss

provides solar shading

wool system is used for

This method is more

tem. In addition, it also

in the colder months.

in the summer since

the flats to guarantee

sustainable than re-

helps to reduce over-

All glazing is openable

a large portion of the

low amounts of heat

lying on fossil fuels.

heating in the summer.

to allow for ventilation.

building is south-facing.

loss and air leakage.

the

Pas-

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05 HARLOW STREET TRIANGLE URBAN DESIGN

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ANALYTICAL RESEARCH

POSITIONS CRITICAL POSITIONS CRITICAL POSITIONS POSITIONS CRITICAL Age 24 and below (2011) Ethnicity Household Tenure Ethnicity Ethnicity Ethnicity

Owned

White 75.0% Social rented : Rent from council Asian 4.9% Other 5.9% Social rented : Other social rented White 75.0% White 75.0% Mixed 6.2% Asian 4.9% Private rented or rent living free Asian 4.9% Black 8.0%

Other Other Mixed Mixed Black Black

5.9% 5.9% 6.2% 6.2% 8.0% 8.0%

Household Tenure Household Tenure Household Tenure Household Tenure

22.0% 9.0% 51.0% 18.0%

Owned

Owned

Social rented : Council Social rented : Rent from council Social rented : Other Owned Social rented : Other social rented Owned Private rented/rent free Socialrented rented Rent fromfree council Private or: rent living

Social rented : Rent from council Social rented : Other social rented Social rented : Other social rented Private rented or rent living free Private rented or rent living free

3.0% 22.0% 6.0% 9.0% 39.0%22.0% 51.0% 22.0% 52.0%9.0% 18.0%

9.0% 51.0% 51.0% 18.0% 18.0%

Householdcar/ car or Household van Age 24availibilty and below (2011) van (2001) availability (2001) Age 24 and below (2011) Age 24 and below (2011)

Owned 3.0% No Cars rented or vans: Council in household6.0% 70.0% Social 1 Car or van in household 27.0% Owned 3.0% Social rented : Other 39.0% Owned 3.0% 2 or more cars or vans in household 3.0% Social rented : Council 6.0% Private rented/rent free 52.0%

Social rented : Council Social rented : Other Social rented : Other Private rented/rent free Private rented/rent free

FRESH FOOD - HOT FOOD

PITCHED ROOF TO REFRENCE CONTEXT OPEN AIR TO ALLOW LIGHT AND VENTILATION

6.0% 39.0% 39.0% 52.0% 52.0%

ARCHWAYS TO ALLOW FLUID MOVEMENT THROUGH SPACES ARCHWAYS REFRENCE RAILWAY NEARBY

Household or van Household van Household car orcarcar/ availibilty (2011) availability (2011) van availibilty (2001) Household car or

Household car or van availibilty (2001) van availibilty (2001)

No Cars or vans in household 65.0% No Cars or vans in household 70.0% 1 Car or van in household 29.0% 1 Car or van in household 27.0% 2 or more cars or vans in household 6.0% No cars Carsororvans vansininhousehold household 3.0% 70.0% 2 or more

H av av

No Cars o

1 Car or v

2 or more No Cars or vans in household 70.0% 1 Car or van in household 27.0% We saw the in variation in the ethnicity 27.0% was in1 Carthat or van household We saw that the 2 or more carswe or vans infithousehold 3.0% central creasing saw itin to create a3.0% 2 or therefore more cars or vans household creasing therefo common space in the area that could bring togethcommon space er these different people. We also identified the We sa er these We differe sa issue of how there was a lack of people (especially creasin issue of how the young people) having ownership of their own propcreasin comm young people) ha erty and decided to propose more affordable comm the erty anderdecid housing in the area. In addition, from the photoer the issue in the o graphs to the left we saw that there has been housing atissue o toyoung the le tempts to integrate community-based servicesgraphs in young tempts toerty integra the area however a large number of these are erty a howev housin poorly maintained or vacant. We saw this as the an area housin poorly maintain graphs opportunity to bring back these services in bring graphs opportunity to b tempts some life back to the area. Also, on a more global life tempts backart the scale we wanted to reduce the carbon footprintsome of ar scale we the wanted poorly the area by encouraging the use of allotments, the area poorly by en opport greener forms of transport and sustainable feagreener opport forms l some tures such as rainwater harvesting systems which l tures suchsome as raiw scale we will address more on in our manifesto. we will address m scale w

the are the are greene From the projects inception we were focused on regreene tures s From the project taining the original South End Mills building and cretures wills thewe origin ating a public square around it. The idea was taining to we will ating a public s originally change it function into a museum for the originally change area however over the iterative process we From t area however changed it to function as an industrial workspace From t taining changed it to fun for start-up businesses in the area to use which in taining ating a start-up busi for turn would also drive up the employment of the ating a origina turn would also area. Also our group decided that we wanted to take origina area area.

Also our gr a sympathetic approach to the area and is thus area change why we implemented a few historical referencesainsympathetic change for sta why we impleme our manifesto such as the chimney monument in for our manifesto su turnsta w the public square and the reference to the casewA the publicturn squar area. ments in the market place/pop up stores.

A ments in area. thesym ma a sym a why we why we our ma our the ma pu the pu ments ments

FRESH FOOD - HOT FOOD

PITCHED ROOF TO REFRENCE CONTEXT OPEN AIR TO ALLOW LIGHT AND VENTILATION

FRESH FOOD - HOT FOOD

FRESH FOOD - HOT FOOD

ARCHWAYS TO ALLOW FLUID MOVEMENT THROUGH SPACES ARCHWAYS REFRENCE RAILWAY NEARBY

PITCHED ROOF TO REFRENCE CONTEXT OPEN AIR TO ALLOW PITCHED ROOF TO REFRENCE LIGHT AND VENTILATION CONTEXT OPEN AIR TO ALLOW

LIGHT AND VENTILATION

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Househo availibilt H

ARCHWAYS TO ALLOW FLUID MOVEMENT THROUGH SPACES ARCHWAYS ALLOW FLUID ARCHWAYS TO REFRENCE MOVEMENT THROUGH SPACES RAILWAY NEARBY

ARCHWAYS REFRENCE RAILWAY NEARBY

GROUP MASTERPLAN 1. PUBLIC PARK 14

2. NEW AFFORDABLE HOUSING 3. NEW BACK-BACK HOUSING 4. NEW SHOPS

14

5. CHIMNEY MONUMENT 6. COMMERICAL/APARTMENTS 7. WATER/RAINWATER HARVESTING 8. FOOD MARKET/POP UPS

18

9. MINI GOLF COURSE 16 13

10. AUDITORIUM 17

11. NEW ‘STARTER’ HOUSING 12. NEW COMMUNITY HOUSING

15 14

13. COMMUNITY CENTRE 14. NEW SHOPS, FLATS ABOVE

12 4

15. ALLOTMENTS

11 19

5

16. ADDITIONAL SCHOOL BUILDING

3

17. TENNIS COURTS 18. BASKETBALL COURT

6 10

8

12

2

1

20

19. ST GABRIEL’S CHURCH 20. THE FLORRIE

7 9

12 12

Before we started our own individual masterplan, Carl Brooks and I developed a group masterplan for in the Dingle area of Liverpool. In essence this masterplan was focused on creating a central square to bring people this part of the city whilst also adding interventions to make the existing community more vibrant. This groundwork carried through to this individual project with the community emphasis being maintained.

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INDIVIDUAL MASTERPLAN 1.

9.

NEW SHOPS / RESTURANTS (FLATS ABOVE)

CORTEN STELL SHELTER

2. COMMUNITY ALLOTMENTS

10. SCHOOL OUTDOOR CAFE

3. NEW AFFORDABLE HOUSING

11.

BICYCLE SHELTER

4. NEW COMMUNITY HOUSING

12.

OUTDOOR GYM

5. NEW EXTENSION TO PRIMARY SCHOOL

13.

BASKETBALL COURT

6. NEW 6 A SIDE FOOTBALL PITCH

14. EXTENSION TO EXISTING GYMNASIUM

7.

15.

SEATING AREA

8. RAISED OUTDOOR SEATING

WATER FEATURE/ RAINWATER HARVESTING

16. CHIMNEY MONUMENT 5

2

1

3

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3

14

13

8 10

9

12

11

6

7

15

4

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STRATEGIC IDEAS & DESIGN INTENTIONS CIRCULATION

SPACE TYPOLOGIES

PUBLIC SEMI PRIVATE PRIVATE

PRIMARY SECOND

GREEN SPACE TYPOLOGIES

SECTION CUTS

GREEN ROOF ALLOTMENTS GARDENS/OTHER

Mapping out the key themes of this scheme helped me to gain a clear understanding of qualities I set out to achieve. For example, even though urban design is mostly about the public realm, creating semiprivate spaces was also required due to the proposed accommodation. Also ensuring that there were key circulation routes was especially important for a difficult triangular site.

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Extending the restaurant space into the street adds more vibrancy to Mill Street as shown in Parisian precedent.

Introducing communal allotments in likeness to Croydon precedent shown is vital for achieving a carbon conscious community.

Since the next pedestrian route leading to the school intersects the key pedestrian route towards the ‘chimney monument’ it seemed logical to give emphasis to this fact.

Five-a-side football is already very popular in the Dingle, therefore integrating a new pitch and seating area into a central part of urban space celebrates the sport.

By creating ‘apertures’ into the semiprivate green space on Harlow Street and Toxteth Street the pedestrian can catch a glimpse of the activities as they walk.

Deliberately raising the semi-private green space from the pedestrian footpath below creates a clear threshold between the new residential apartments and walkway.

With the addition of the new entrance to the school making a space for the parents and carers to wait for the children seemed a logical decision.

The material used for pedestrian route towards the square is intentionally given a more textured appearance to clearly indicate its pedestrian nature.

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AXLE ROUTE PERSPECTIVE The pastel coloured perspective views give an indication as to how the pedestrians and residents of the area would experience the spaces proposed. For example, this image indicates the two intersecting pedestrian routes and the subtle difference in material quality. This move creates a clear distinction between the two paths ensuring that their destinations are clearly expressed. Also, the view towards the chimney monument formulated in our group masterplan is also clearly shown again drawing members of the public and the local residents to this new key part of the Dingle.

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BALCONY PERSPECTIVE This balcony visualisation gives an inclination as to the views one of residents would experience in the proposed new residential apartments. In today’s society there is a large problem regarding loneliness within adults especially in the western world. Therefore, given that these balconies face towards toe sporting facilities and other public realm means that the residents can feel a sense of inclusion which they wouldn’t experience if this these balconies were omitted.

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06 SPECALIST STUDY A STUDY OF LIVERPOOL’S HOUSING TENURE TYPOLOGIES OVER THE PAST 150 YEARS

INTRODUCTION Thirty years ago, the average price of a house in the United Kingdom was approximately three times the average household income. Currently the average price for a house is almost six times the average income. This gap between salary and price of housing is growing wider year by year and the thought of home ownership has become a distant dream for a large portion of the population. This continuous increase in house prices and the lack of affordable housing, raises a lot of questions as to the cause of these issues.

In the book ‘Freedom to Build’, (1972), architect John F.C. Turner proposed that the status of a dwelling should be perceived as both a noun and a verb; as an active lived process of doing, as well as a static material object in which to invest and trade. This ideology is profound with regards to the housing dilemma, as it helps to inform a proposed cause for the issue. We live in a capitalist society whereby there is an inherent thirst for profit. Given this landscape it makes sense for housing to be perceived as a ‘noun’ due to the financial benefits that are associated with home ownership. The neoliberalist incentive is to ensure that the price of housing continues to increase in order to make sure that people investments are worthwhile. This narrative of housing being perceived as a noun is rather dangerous from an ethical point of view as main the motivator behind new developments is profit.

Therefore, the thought process for the lived experience of the home occupier is often subdued. Combined with the concurrent demise of municipal housing, there is a quest for alternative solutions to housing which offer a different approach to creating homes that place more focus on the ‘lived process’.

Liverpool has a rich history of housing typologies and good examples of housing alternatives which differ from the typical private and public sector, as illustrated in the historical timeline on page 4. Starting in the 19th century, due to industrial capitalism, many people who worked near the city were employed on a casual basis, so they did not have a fixed salary or income (Lane, 1997). This exploitation of workers coupled with the absolute bare minimum spent on the construction and maintenance, led to some of the worst housing conditions seen in the United Kingdom.

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According to Jose Ospina in his book ‘Housing Ourselves’, “in 1841, 34 per cent of Liverpool’s population were living in filthy overcrowded cellars without light, ventilation or fresh water; 25 per cent living in back-toback tenement housing” (Ospina, 1987). In addition, in 1845-47 due to the Irish potato famine, there was a large influx of Irish immigrants that migrated to Liverpool which added to the issues regarding overcrowding in the traditional terraced houses and the back-to-back tenement courthouses.

This negative stigma associated with the city led to Liverpool becoming the first city in Britain to legislate against the horrible urban conditions created by capitalism. The Liverpool Building Act was introduced in 1842, which challenged the laid-back approach of landlords and developers, enforcing minimum space and hygiene standards for newly constructed rented courts across Liverpool (Thompson, 2020, p. 30). Also, from 1861, Liverpool banned the construction of back-back court houses which also started to help the city atone for the dire conditions that many of its residents had to endure.

In 1869, the Liverpool City Council, known by the tenants as the “Corpy”, built Europe’s first municipal housing scheme. It was called St Martin’s Cottages and was built in order to replace the back-to-back slums (Thompson, 2020, p. 31). The construction of this municipal housing block was the beginning of new housing tenure. The working class in particular could escape the poorly maintained privately rented slum housing and move into new state procured tenement blocks which were affordable and highly maintained. This rise of municipal housing combined with extensive slum clearance programmes continued for another hundred years post the construction of St Martins cottages. However, changes in public perception and the introduction of Margret Thatcher’s Right to Buy policy in 1980, led to the demise of municipal procurement and privatisation became rife. This private monopoly of the housing market coupled with a rise in neoliberalism, has led to the current issues we have today regarding unaffordable housing and accelerating rent prices.

In this specialist study I will dissect four case studies of housing schemes in Liverpool which have similar densities but differ in their tenure. By using a range of criteria, such as design approach and procurement, I will compare and contrast the case studies in order to assess which typology provides the better housing philosophy for future generations from an architectural and political perspective.

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KEY REFERENCES Architects, F. C. Hall (2018, July 18). Planning Explorer. Retrieved from Liverpool.gov.uk : http://northgate.liverpool.gov.uk/ PlanningExplorer17/Generic/StdDetails.aspx?PT=Planning%20Applications%20On-Line&TYPE=PL/PlanningPK.xml&PARAM0=1054340&XSLT=/PlanningExplorer17/SiteFiles/Skins/Liverpool_WIP/xslt/PL/PLDetails.xslt&FT=Planning%20Application Assemble . (2021, January 14). Granby Four Streets 2013 . Retrieved from assemblestudio.co.uk: https://www.assemblestudio.co.uk/projects/granby-four-streets-2 Assemble . (2021, January 14). Granby Winter Garden - 2019 . Retrieved from assemblestudio.co.uk : https://www.assemblestudio.co.uk/projects/granby-winter-gardens Chakrabortty, A. (2018, February 14). How one community beat the system, and rebuilt their shattered streets. Retrieved from The Guardian.com: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/feb/14/community-liverpool-residents-granby Chesters, L. (2017, June 27). Taking Back the Streets. Retrieved from Ethos Magazine.com : https://ethos-magazine. com/2017/06/taking-back-the-streets/ CLT, G. 4. (2020, December 20). History of Granby Four Streets. Retrieved from Granby4streetsclt.co.uk: https://www.granby4streetsclt.co.uk/history-of-the-four-streets Commons and Lords Hansard . (1968, December 2). Local Government Grants (Social Need) Bill . Historic Hansard , p.

1148 .

Community Wealth. (2021, January 12). Community Land Trusts (CLTs). Retrieved from Community Wealth.org: https://community-wealth.org/strategies/panel/clts/index.html Companies House. (1995, December 7). North West Industrial Estates Limited. Retrieved from service.go.uk: https://findand-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/03135216/filing-history?page=9 Eldonians . (2021, January 20). Our History . Retrieved from Eldonians.org.uk : https://www.eldonians.org.uk/our-history/ Fichter, R. (1972 ). Freedom to Build - Dweller Control of the Housing Process . New York : Macmillan .

Fox, M. (2014, June ). The Welsh Streets Public Inquiry. Retrieved from Save Britian’s Hertitage : https://www.savebritainsheritage.org/news/item/332/welsh-streets-public-inquiry-report Growing Granby from the Grassroots. (2020). In M. Thompson, Reconstructing Public Housing - Liverpool’s hidden history of collective alternatives (pp. 201-202). Liverpool: Liverpool Univeristy Press.

Housing Europe. (2012, April 1). Profiles of a Movement: Co-operative Housing around the world. Retrieved from CECODHAS Housing Europe ICA Housing: www.housingeurope.eu/resource-115/profiles-of-a-movement Ian Morrision, M. W. (2019). Rescue and Reuse - Communities, Heritage and Architecture. London: RIBA Publishing [62 ] Xorlanyo Avevor 2022 Portofolio

CIRRICULUM VITAE EDCUATION 2020-2022

Liverpool John Moores School of Art & Design M(Arch) Architecture

2016-2019

Liverpool John Moores School of Art & Design BA (Hons) Architecture - Upper Second Class 2:1

2012-2016

King Edward’s VI Grammar School, Louth A Levels: Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Cambridge Pre-U 1O GCSEs: A - C (including English, Geography, Graphic Design)

EMPLOYMENT 2022

Freelance Architectural Designer, Louth

2019-21

Bowen Architects Ltd, London / Skendleby Part I & Part II Architectural Assistant

2018

Matalan Distribution Centre, Knowsely Warehouse Operative

2017

Oxfam, Louth Sales Assistant

CONTACT 07767688095 xorlanyoavevor@gmail.com

in

https://uk.linkedin.com/in/xorlanyo avevor-063333183 Full UK Driving Licence

SKILLS PROFILE Communication

During my year out I would often talk to clients and various local authorities which helped me to develop my verbal communication skills. Also, the process of drawing planning and building control documentation, helped to build on the visual communication skills I developed in university.

Teamwork

Working on different scale projects at Bowen Architects and collaborating with a range of specialists in the built environment, has helped improve my ability to work well in a team.

Creativity

Working with real world constraints in practice has helped me to quickly think of creative solutions from a problem solving perspective. Also, the conceptual thinking I developed in my Part I studies was beneficial when designing in practice and was a vital point of reference for my Part II studies.

Organisation

From organising my task lists in practice, to organising how I allocated my time at university, organisation has been a key skill that I have developed over time to help bring order to my daily/weekly schedule.

Planning and Building Control

During my time at Bowen Architects I was heavily involved in a number of approved building control and planning applications, therefore I have a good understanding of UK regulations.

SOFTWARE SKILLS Autodesk AutoCad

Enscape 3D

Autodesk Revit

Adobe Creative Cloud Word, Powerpoint, Excel)

SketchUp Pro

Microsoft Office (Photoshop, Illustrator, InDesign)