Ourland

O u r l a n d : our + land LAND2413 Studio 10/ Graduating Project REgenerate LAM WING SHUM

How to engage people and local flora and fauna as active agents in the phytoremediation process of a post industrial site?

(Process Log)

Site location

PROJECT 3 REgenerate

Transportation analysis PROJECT 3 REgenerate

Train route Future Metro route Light rail route Site location

Fundamental assets - People/existing community demographic PROJECT 3 REgenerate

Birchgrove 2020 Population 3,605 population density 6,360 Belmain 2020 Population 11,775 population density 7,614 Rozelle 2020 Population 9,556 population density 5,328 Lilyfield 2020 Population 8,205 population density 3,720 Annandale 2020 Population 10,358 population density 7,376 Glebe - Forest Lodge 2020 Population 19,147 population density 8,598 Pyrmont 2020 Population 14,659 population density 15,750 Ultimo 2020 Population 10,002 population density 17,836 Sydney 2020 Population 20,925 population density 7,040 The Rocks 2020 Population 3,307 population density 4,046 Haymarket 2020 Population 9,006 population density 17,300 Chippendale 2020 Population 10,469 population density 22,632

The 2020 Estimated Resident Population Population density person per square km

Fundamental assets - Sport facilities PROJECT 3 REgenerate

Sport facilities Serving Area (walking - 10 mins)

Water catchment analysis PROJECT 3 REgenerate

Fundamental assets - Topography PROJECT 3 REgenerate

Image 1 demonstrate the soft curves on site Soft vibe/ Soft curves

image 1

Existing Bowl shaoe Topography

Existing FLooding spot

Fundamental assets - Views PROJECT 3 REgenerate

a

r u t Na

ds n l la

pe ca

v

iew

City Skyline view

Anz ac

brid ge v ie

w

ew

vi e g rid b r bou r a H

Historical activities PROJECT 3 REgenerate

Military port

Abattoir 1870

Topography transect analysis PROJECT 3 REgenerate

SHALLOW TOP SOIL ON TOP OF SANDSTONE HEAVELY CONDEMINATED SOIL UNDERNEATH A CONCRETE SLAB

intersection point potential flood location top soil hawkesbury sandstone

concrete slab contaminated soil

How to treat the soil?

potential hazard of underground leaking contenmination to the bay top soil Reclaimed

Topography transect analysis

concrete slab contaminated soil

How to treat the soil?

concrete slab hawkesbury sandstone How to treat the soil?

Reclaimed

PROJECT 3 REgenerate

Zinc Site Boundary

Fundamental assets - Soil conditions PROJECT 3 REgenerate

Arsenic Lead Chromium

LEGEND Soil sampling spot

Copper

Asbestos Quantification - JBS&G 2015

Arsenic

Nickel

Lead

Phenanthene

Chromium

TPH

Copper

Zinc

Nickel Plant list, Power Plants: Section 05 - Garden 01 Design

Phenanthene

Aluminium Arsenic

Lead

Manganese PAH

Nickel

Chronium Cobalt

TPH

Common Rush

Zinc Indian Mustard

Site Boundary

Sunflower

Marigold

Cadnium Zinc

Perenial / Native to Australia

Annual/ Native to Central Asia

Annual/ Native to North and South America

Arsenic

SEP to NOV/ Native to Central America

Lead Corn

Chromium Penny Cress

Alpine Pennycress

Copper

Annual/ Native to Central America

Annual/ Native to Europe

Nickel Perenial/ Native to Scandinavia

Phenanthene

LEGEND

Pig Face

Tussock grass

Soil sampling spot

Asbestos Quantification - JBS&G 2015

Arsenic Lead Chromium Copper Nickel

source: Power plants report, Phytoremediation Gardens , Stage one report

Phenanthene TPH Zinc Site Boundary

Arsenic

TPH

Perenial/ Native to Australia

Zinc

Perenial/ Native to Australia

Copper Nitrogen Petroleum hydrocarbons

Phytoremediation PROJECT 3 REgenerate

‘Phytoremediation is a low cost, plant (vegetative) and solar energy driven, soil remediation technique.’

‘Phytoremediation processes allow contaminants to become more bioavailable (i.e. moving from soil into plant material) which can result in them moving up the food chain into animals and even humans.

-Professor SueAnne Ware

Plant will uptake pollutant from the ground in to the plant, the polutant will volatilized as a gas through plant leaves and stems. source: Power plants report, Phytoremediation Gardens , Stage one report, p18

Phytoremediation methods PROJECT 3 REgenerate

In compare with other remediation methods: - Cap isolation method - Excavation and fill method - Surface oxidation method - Deep oxidation method

phytoremediation is more cost efficient and have less carbon burden.

But,the issues with phytoremediation is the process can take up to 10-20 years.

source: RSA GEOTECHNICS LTD https://www.rsa-geotechnics.co.uk/environmental-assessment-2/remediation-method-statement/

To Play The Long Game

How to engage people and local flora and fauna as active agents in the phytoremediation process of a post industrial site?

How to MEND? “repair/restore to good condition” PROJECT 3 REgenerate

LONG VIEW XL scale - straight view to harbour - long continuous water front - central location within the city - heart of future transport hub HOW TO MEND? how to be as an active agents?

- human as decision maker - human as ice breaker - human as pollinator - huamn as consumer - human as decorator...

How to TEND? “to take care of... to look after...”

PROJECT 3 REgenerate

Recreate the street into interactive streetscape Adding playscape along the streets, collaborate with local artist to make the street more fun!

Define measure of time - to play the long game PROJECT 3 REgenerate 1

2

3

STRESS-GO Festival

Remove the fences

Increase onsite accessibility 6 months

once per each season community engagement ceremony using harmmer to demonish the concrete each zone repersent a demonishing stage 12 months-18 months

Let the weeds growth

once the concrete are demonished let the weeds grow

Define measure of time - to play the long game PROJECT 3 REgenerate 4

5

6

First metro start constructing A desire path occurs

Allows the community steps their own path once a desire path occurs, widen the path and allows it to be the foundation of future circulation. ground coverage 90%

Harbourfront Flower festival

Flower planting strategy according to soil contaminant underneath.

Goat month

introduce the public that goat as remediation agen, it is a remediation method exibition.

street trees Planting renovate waterfront promenade introduce street lightning reconsideration of future planning coverage increase to 25%

Define measure of time - to play the long game PROJECT 3 REgenerate 7

Metro construction start - Metro Built

introduce programs to the site based on seasonal changes co-exist with the metro construction

Define measure of time - to play the long game PROJECT 3 REgenerate

refocus on habitat

during construction of new buildings introduce proper designed planting system and structures for onsite habitat.

8

Define measure of time - to play the long game PROJECT 3 REgenerate

Celebrate new civic hub

Bayside Art festival final stage show a fully established site, how the vibe is and what kind of activities are happening here.

9

Define measure of time - to play the long game PROJECT 3 REgenerate

Soil contamination level

Events/Activities

Coverage/ecosystem

CPTED design principal PROJECT 3 REgenerate

How to design a place that people feel safe?

Ownership as a society Desire path allows the community to built up ownership of the site.

‘Eyes on Street’ Busking and pop up shops keep the street active . allows people have the sense of being with each other.

Sence of public materials for cycle, perdestrian path to gives a sence of public, prevent crime happening.

Clear and board eyesight Trees that has clean and stright tree trunk, to keeep a clear and board eyesight, avoild high shrubs planting which block view.

Hybric question PROJECT 3 REgenerate

What if the site need lead by landscape but also need to co-exist with sports industry, food industry and commericial activities at the same time? what if 60% lead by lanscape and 40% lead by commercial? what if 50% of the 40% regenerated biodiversity?

Future Planning,60%landscape 40% commercial?

PROJECT 3 REgenerate

White bay

White bay power station

LEGEND green open spaces Main road Wetland pond Brick finishes Major pedestrian Stone revetment Street trees Open market Forest planting Sport court

M

Metro station

B

Bus stop

10000

30000

1:1500 @A3

80000

Landuse Planning (SDG Goals) PROJECT 3 REgenerate

High end residential apartment with great Bay view

Civic use

public access

White Bay

HIgh end residential high end offices commercial shop Open grou

nd floor

Commercial Streeet section PROJECT 3 REgenerate

White bay

White bay power station

Private studio / offices

Private studio / offices

500

1:100 @A3

1500

3500

Regenerate the drainage system White bay

PROJECT 3 REgenerate White bay power station

High end offices

Civic space

1:100 @A3

500

1500

3500

Remediation Planting strategy PROJECT 3 REgenerate

Proposed remediation planting strategy

Existing soil contamination overview

LEGEND Soil sampling spot

Asbestos Quantification - JBS&G 2015

Arsenic Lead Chromium Copper Nickel Phenanthene TPH Zinc Site Boundary

Arsenic Lead

10000

1:1500 @A3

30000

80000

Chromium Copper

Data source: The Bays precinct Urban transformation Area,2015,JBS&G,p124 Nickel Phenanthene TPH Zinc

sunflower corn penny grass alpine pennycress pigface tussock grass viola PROJECT 3 REgenerate vetiver grass

corn penny grass alpine penycress pigface vetiver grass tussock grass

Zinc planting palette

1:20 @A3

Root system

a combination of different roots types to maximise the uptakes from different underground layers.

Penny Cress

Sunflower

Corn

Thlaspi arvense

Helianthus annuus

Zea mays subsp. mays

sunflower corn penny grass alpine pennycress pigface tussock grass PROJECT 3 REgenerate viola vetiver grass

corn penny grass alpine penycress pigface vetiver grass tussock grass

Copper planting palette

1:20 @A3

Root system

High density roots system to create a strong layers of micro-roots to maximise the roots surface area as to speed up remediation process

Tussock grass Poa labillardierei/ native

Penny Cress

Pig Face (pink)

Thlaspi arvense

Carpobrotus rossii /native

Pig Face (orange) Mesembryanthemum crystallinum/ native

sunflower commen rush marigold

indian mustard alpine pennycress pigface viola rapeseed canola wild fennel

Nickel planting palette PROJECT 3 REgenerate

1:20 @A3

Root system

a combination of horizontal and vertical roots system.

Strong capture of soil as well as treating soil in depth

Tussock grass

Marigold

Poa labillardierei/ native

Tagetes patula

marigold

Common Foxlove viola rapeseed canola

Lead planting palette PROJECT 3 REgenerate

1:20 @A3

Root system

a combination of horizontal and vertical roots system.

Strong capture of soil as well as treating soil in depth

Indian Mustard Brassica juncea

Alpine Pennycress Thlaspi caerulescens

Viola

Viola tricolor var. hortensis

Arsenic planting palette PROJECT 3 REgenerate

1:20 @A3

Root system

middle depth of roots

Tussock grass Poa labillardierei/ native

Common Rush Juncus usitatus

edu leafy green : lettuce, kale, spinach,rocket Education garden planting palette fruit tree: lemon tree, orange tree PROJECT 3 REgenerate herbs: rosemary, mint,

1:20 @A3

Lemon tree

Orange tree

Citrus limon

Citrus X sinensis

Curly kale

Curly kale

Brassica oleracea var. Brassica oleracea var. sabellica capitata

Cucumber

Cucumis sativus

Tomato

Carrot

Solanum lycopersicum Daucus carota subsp. sativus

Restore the habitat PROJECT 3 REgenerate

‘Bee are important pollinators of native plants and crops’ ‘Bee population ..are in decline... due to wide spread pesticide use, diease and habitat loss...

-NSW department of planning,industry and environment

Native bees in sydney includes: Leafutter bee, blue-banded bee,Threus nitidulus,Resin bee ect.

Bees like to make nests in holes in dead wood or in plant stems.

NSW instructions on helping native bees community - Keep a native beehive in your garden.

- Provide nest sites for native bees to lay eggs President images of bee’s ‘hotel’

1

2

3

4

1.image from Bee hotel by garden australia. 2. image from Bee thoughts on Bee safe.eu. 3. image from Millie kuyer from Huffpost. 4.image from Native bee hotel on Bens bees.

Eco-path ... A modular-bee hotel Draft PROJECT 3 REgenerate

Eco-path concept design version 1

Eco-path concept design version 2

Eco-path ... A modular-bee hotel PROJECT 3 REgenerate

1:10/a3

Modular- bee house assemble with one clip

Human foot scale references

Metal mesh boardwalk

drain water as well as prevent animals come out form below

Shelter for Reptilia

1:10 @A3

Seasonal impression PROJECT 3 REgenerate

Summer

Fall

Winter

Spring

Tree Planting community- fundamental assets PROJECT 3 REgenerate

source: The central resource for sharing and enabling environmental data in NSW

Mangrove Swamps

Sydney Coastal Dry Sclerophyll Forests

Sydney Coastal Heaths

Proposed Sydney Coastal Dry Sclerophyll Forests

site location

Sydney Coastal Dry Sclerophyll Forests planting pallet PROJECT 3 REgenerate

king parrots

Sydney red gum Angophora costata

Sydney peppermint brown stringybark Eucalyptus piperita

E. capitellata

rainbow lorikeet

broad-leaved scribbly gum E. haemastoma

old man banksia 1:50 @A3

Banksia serrata

Christmas bush Ceratopetalumgummiferum

Acacia linifolia flax-leaved wattle

sunshine wattle

G. sericea

A. myrtifolia, A. terminalis

pink spider flower

Model

PROJECT 3 REgenerate

References

PROJECT 3 REgenerate

RSA GEOTECHNICS LTD https://www.rsa-geotechnics.co.uk/environmental-assessment-2/remediation-method-statement/ Power plants report, Phytoremediation Gardens , Stage one report, p18 The bays precinvt urban transformation area 2015 ,JBS&G, JBS&G Sydney Light Rail Route Map http://www.discoversydney.com.au/maps/metrorail.html NSW geological online map, https://www.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=e1ab3b8dcc5f4109aca1327283bc554a Flood map, NSW state emergency service, https://www.ses.nsw.gov.au/hawkesbury-nepean-floods Norbert.M, Peter.W , 2020,Urban Biodiversity and the Case for Implementing the Convention on Biological Diversity in Towns and Cities, Urban Biodiversity and Design, (p35-55) Given.D, 2000, Biodiversity of the urban environment: the importance of indigenous species and the role urban environments can play in their preservation , International centre of Nature Conservation,Lincoln University.

Glaser, R., Haberzettl, P. and Walsh, R.,1991. Land reclamation in Singapore, Hong Kong and Macau.

Geo Journal 24.4 (p365-373) Duan, H., Zhang, H., Huang, Q., 2016. Characterization and environmental impact analysis of sea land reclamation activities in China. Ocean and Coastal Management (p128-135) Philip.Gibbons,Baoshan Cui, 2017. Towards a biodiversity offsetting approach for coastal land reclamation: Coastal management implications. Biological Conservation 214 (2017)(p35-45) A. Arulrajah, PhD, CPEng, 2009. Instrumentation at Changi land reclamation project, Singapore, Geotechnical Engineering, Volume 162 Issue 1, February 2009, (pp. 33-40).

A.D.Bradshaw,1984. Ecological principles and land reclamation practice. Landscape Planning,Vol(11), (p35-48).

Gunarathne,Viraj,2020. Potential of biochar and organic amendments for reclamation of coastal acidic-salt affected soil, Biochar, Col.2(1), (p107-120).

L.Loures,2007,Sustainable Reclamation Of Industrial Areas In Urban Landscapes, WIT Transactions on Ecology and Environment, Vol102, (p 791-799) Juliane.M,2010, Urban Wastelands-A chance for Biodiversity in Cities? Ecological Aspects, Social Perceptions and Acceptance of Wilderness by Residents,Urban Biodiversity and Design, p406-425.

James.B.2018,Four Types of Biodiversity,Sciencing, available on: https://sciencing.com/four-types-biodiversity-8714.html.

Herrington.S,2017, System logic, Landscape theory in design, NY : Routledge, p221-p272 Karel.P (2016), How can we restore biodiversity and ecosystem services in mining and industrial sites?, available at: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-016-7113-3