The Record Newspaper 30 March 1950

principalevent

niversaryofhiselectionasSupremePontiffyesterday.

"Thissoil,whichofyoresaw thestrugglebetweenagedcaesarismandyouthfulChristianity hastodaybecomeoncemorethe spiritualarenawherethereare contestednotonlythehighest valuesofChristianlife,but eventhefundamentalpresuppositionsofhumandignityitself,"hesaid.

HisHolinessviewedRome andtheworldasbeing"under thesignofthegreatJubilee"of theHolyYear,which"means strengthandgracesforindividualsintheChurchandhumanity"and.urgeduponhisdiocesanpriestsanapostolateofzeal andlove"readyforanysacrifice."

"TheRomeoftoday,"the HolyFatherwenton,"isno longerthatofformertimes,the Romeofourfathersandgrandfatherswhich...possesseda recollectionandapeacewhich distinguishedandsetinapart fromothercities. Inthe Romeoftoday,withalmost 2,000,000inhabitantsofwhom notafewliveinmiserable conditions,thereisleftlittle indeedofthatrecollection,of thatpeace."

"Theworldoftoday,bereftof genuinelove,enslavedbyhatredanddiscords,isaterrible demonstration,"hesaid,"ofthe wordsofCicero,that,justas manybenefitscomefromcooperationandagreementamong

men,therealsoisnodevastation sohatefulasthatwhichis bornebymantoman.

"Noearthquake,nofamine, noepidemic,nocalamitycaused bynature'sforcescanbecomp-aredwith accumulationtheunimaginable ofsufferingswhich man,Isolatedfromloveanddominatedbyhate,causeshisfellowman,"thePopeadded.

TheHolyFathertoldthe prieststhattheyhadanhonouredplaceinthebattleline forthesalvationofsoulsand thepreservationofChristianity, especiallyduringtheHolyYear. "Tohavethecareofsoulsin

thepulpitsofgreatcitiesmeans, todaymorethanever,tobein thevanguardoftheMilitiaof Christ,"hesaid.

HisHolinesssawtheHoly Yearasone"ofreenforcement andgrowthofCatholicunity, ofrecapturedpeacebetween heavenandearthandGodand man,andofreligiousawakening forallthoseforwhomthedemandsandtheattractionsof theworldhavedisturbedand confusedtheir,regardforthe onethingnecessary."

Fortheirinspirationalex-ampleintheHolyYearaposto-late,thePopegavethemas

Suspicion,IntrigueandRuthlessness MarkEuropeanNewsofWeek (N.C.W.C.News

Service).

RecentUnitedStateactionshavegivenrisetoafeeling ofconfusionovertheEast-Westtug-of-war.Washington iscontinuingfriendlygesturestowardMarshalTito,incarceratorofArchbishopAloysiusStepinac,whileturningits backcompletelyuponBulgaria,anotherfoeofreligious liberty.

AtthesametimetheU.S.andBritaincompletedtheir casebeforetheInternationalCourtofJusticeatTheHague, chargingBulgaria,HungaryandRumaniawithviolationof humanandreligiousrights.

WhiletheU.S.madeanother loanof$20,000,000toMarshal TitothroughitsExport-Import Bank,itwassaidthattheYugoslavdictatorcomplainedbitterly thatWashingtonwastooslow inhelpinghim.Infact,itwas added,TitochargedtheU.S. withstallingwithitseconomic aidtowringpoliticalconfessionsfromhim.

Meanwhile,asheaccepted helpfromtheWest,Marshal TitoextendedahandtotheRed Eastbyrecognizingthecommunist-dominatedHoChiMinh, aslegalheadofVietNam,the newIndo-Chinarepublicbacked

MISSIONCOMMANDOES

(N.C.W.C.NewsService).

LIEGE,Belgium,March2.-Thereisacourageouslittle bandofEuropeanmissionarypriestswho,whetherindangerous,Communist-dominatedChina,war-tornVietNamor elsewhere,canneverberecalledtotheirhomelandbytheir ownSociety.

Oncetheyareassignedtotheirmissionfield,theymust remainundertheauthorityofthenativeBishoptheyare assignedto.Theycannotleaveunlesssentabroadbythis Bishoponsomeworkfortheirmissionfield.Theirown Societyhasrelinquishedallauthorityoverthem.

Inshort,priestsofthisSocietymustspendtheremainder oftheirlivesvirtuallyasthe nativesrootedintheirsoilbecausetheyarecompletelyassimilatedinthenativeclergy.

Thesepriestsaremembersof theSocietydesAuxiliariesdes Missions,knownastheSAM (SocietyofMissionHelpers). TheorganizationisaLiege diocesansociety,withcentral headquartershereandahouse atLouvain.

Answeringthepleasofnative BishopsinChinaforaidintheir dioceses,thelateFatherVincent Lebbe,aveteranChinamissionary,proposedin1926thecreationofamissionauxiliarysocietyentirelyintheirservice. PriestsoftheSocietyhaveno missionterritoryoftheirown, butperformparishworkunder thenativehierarchiesestablishedinChina,VietNam,India andAfrica.Therearenow,accordingtothelatestwordreceived,19priestsoutinthemissionfields.Thereareabout30 candidatesintraining.

Thereisnospecialspiritual programmeforthemembersof Society,emphasisbeingplaced onthoroughtrainingfortheir

fields,includinglanguage,customsandphysicalfitness. Candidatesbeginwithatwoyearcourseinphilosophyat Louvain,wheretheyalsolearn thewayofthespirituallifeand acquirethemissionspirit.Along withthisgoesastiffcourseof physicaltoughening,withsports, campingandmountainclimbing. Thereisnoattempttoinstilla communityspiritinthem,only fitnessforanintense,solitary, spirituallifeinthefarcountries theywillbeassignedtoaslone membersoftheirSociety. Thisisfollowedbyayearof probationduringwhichtheygo towork,makecontacts,ifpossible,withpersonsfromtheterritorytheymaygotoandenter aperiodoftheoreticalandprac- ticalasceticformation.Thereis moreofthetougheningprocess, too.Thisyearover,ifthecandidateisapprovedformembership intheSociety,fouryearsof theologyfollowattheJesuit CollegeinLouvainwith,atthe sametime,specialcoursesatthe Society'sHouseinthatcity. Theythenmaketheirfinal vowsasmembersoftheSociety andareordainediftheysurvice thecourse.

bytheWest.Hoisatwarwith BaoDai,recognizedbytheWest asrulerofVietNam.

Anothereconomicitemwas Russia'sdecisiontoincreasethe valueoftherubleto25cents from19centsandputtingiton thegoldstandard.Thedecreeof theRussianCouncilofMinisters wassaidtomarkanotherwhat wasapparentlyaneffortto establishtherubleasaninternationalcompetitorwiththe dollarandtheBritishpound. PricereductionsforRussian consumerswereorderedatthe sametime.

TheAnglo-BritishprotestsbeforetheInternationalCourtof JusticeweremadebyG.G.Fitz_ mauriceforBritainandBenjaminV.CohenfortheU.S.Mr. CohentoldthecourtthatBulgaria,HungaryandRumania,all Russiansatellites,hadcontinuallyfailedtoconformtheirpoliciestointernationalobligations sincetheirpeacetreatiesbecame effective.SincethattimeHungaryhasimprisoneditsPrimate, HisEminenceJosefCardinal Mindszenty;Bulgariahasreportedlylaunchedaviciousdrive againstreligiousfreedom,and similarpersecutionhasbeen pressedbyRumania.

Mr.Cohensaidthatwhenthe threenationssignedthetreaties, theysolemnlyandknowingly undertooktoprotectandsafeguardthefundamentalfreedoms andhumanrightsoftheir peoples.Mr.Fitzmauricegave similarviewsinjointlybringing theUnitedNationschargesbeforethecourt.

Breakingdiplomaticrelations withBulgaria,Washingtonfolloweditupbycancellingall passportstotraveltoBulgaria. TheStateDepartment'sabrupt actionleftBulgaria"surprised andundoubtedlydisappointed," saidthedepartingU.S.Minister toBelgrade,DonaldR.Heath, whowasdeclaredpersonanon gratabytheBulgariagovern- ment-thereasonforthebreak.

Atthesametimeoutside sourcessaidthatcommunist rulersinBulgariawereterrified oflosingtheirholdoverthe countrysincethedeathofPremierGeorgiDimitrovandthat thousandsofcitizenswerebeing roundedupassuspectsofpoliticalunreliability.

AtWashington,President Trumansaidthathewould nevergotoMoscowasAmerican ChiefExecutive.Thequestion

aroseinconnectionwithapro- posalbySenatorBrienMcMahon ofConnecticutthata"peace programme"besubmittedtothe U.N.GeneralAssembly,prefer- ablyatameetinginMoscow.At Washington,too,itwassaidthat ameetingthisspringoftheU.S., BritainandFrancewasheldlikelyastheAmericanGovernmentdecidedthatsomething considerablymorethanmilitary preparationswereneededto curbcommunisminWestern Europe.AtFrankfurtLieut.Gen. ClarenceR.Huebner,U.S.Army commanderinEurope,saidthat WesternGermanywashoneycombedwithspies. WhiletheWestfearscommunistespionage,aCzechoslovakiandispatchsaidthatthego_ vernmentpressdeclareda.high- rankingcommunist"confessed" onaTitoismchargeandadmittedthattheCzechcommunist partywasshotthroughwith WesternandTitoagents.

model"oneofthoseheroicsa- cerdotalfigureswhichprovi- denceiswonttograntfrom timetotimetothecenterof Christendom,"theBlessedVincenzoPallotti,whowasthefirst tobe Year,beatifiedduringthisHoly olateandwhosepriestlyapostbroughtsuchgracesto Romeacenturyago.

WINTERINCREASES

DISTRESS

GAZA,Palestine,March2 (NC.)-TheRev.Surur,theonlyCatholicpriestinthis Egyptian-occupiedsectionof Palestine,hasaddedworriesand carespiledhighonhiiwilling butburdenedshoulders.Taking fullcareofalltheneeds,materialaswellasspiritual,of morethan1,000refugeesisa terrificjobinitself.Butnow theworstwinterweatherexperiencedhereinmanyyears hasaddedtohisresponsibility andmadeconditionsmiserable.

FatherSururreceivesaid fromthePapalMissiontoPalestine,andMgr.ThomasJ.McMahon,itspresident,visitsGaza frequentlytoofferhelp,counsel andadvicetothealreadyoverworkedpastor.

Inordertobuildupthemoraleoftherefugees,mostof whomareschismaticOrthodox,FatherSururhassetupayarn factoryandisabouttoopenup ashoefactory.

RedCrossandQuakerrelief workersandreligiousleaders, amongthemDr.GeoffreyAllen, AnglicanBishopinEgypt,who havevisitedtherefugeearea andrectory,havebeenloudin theirpraisefortheworkperformedbythevenerableand tirelesspriest.

ENTHUSIASMDIESDOWN.

(FromaFidesCorrespondent) HONGKONG.

fengArchdiocesemissionary workproceedsnormally:the priestsintheareahavebeen abletoremainattheirpostsand tovisittheirrespectivedistricts. Contrarytoallexpectationeven thetwoEtfropeanpriestshave beenallowedtovisittheir Christians.Theschoolsare functioningsteadily.r'ourschool directorshereareferventmembersoftheLegionofMary: theyopenlyprofesstheirfaith andloyaltytotheChurch,and atthesametimetheycarefully observethenewregulationsin educationalmatters.

ACTIONAGAINSTPRIESTS.

Thechiefitemofinteresthereisthelocalreactionto theCommunistoccupationofChina,nowthatthenatureof liberationisbecomingbetterknown.Enthusiasmhas beennoticeablydampenedbecausemostfamilieshaveconnectionswithliberatedChinaandknowwhatthepeople arethinking. Awell-informedseriesofarticles,writtenbyaChinese journalist,whohasspentconsiderabletimeinChinaunder theCommunists,giveanaccountoftheirmethodsandof thereactionsofthepeople. Thesefollowthepatternofall Communist-dominatedcountries.Thefirstthingthat standsoutisthecontradiction betweenwordsandrealities. Thepeoplehavenovoiceinthe People'sGovernment.Theyare assuredthatthisistruedemocracy,andthatallotherkinds areasham,buttheChineseare notfoolsandtheyrecognisethe systemforwhatitis,aparty dictatorship,nomatterwhatfine wordsmaybeusedor"elections"carriedout.

LIFEINTHEMISSIONS.

Britain'srecognitionbrought noreactionsfromtheCommunistgovernment;forseveraldays therewasnoofficialacknowledgment,andlateronlyacold andsuspiciousone. FromChinaproperwehave receivedsomebriefnotices aboutanumberofmissions.We aretoldthattheCathedraland EpiscopalresidenceinthePrefectureofKianchowhavebeen restoredtotheChurchandthat missionariesagainenjoyfreedom.ThePrefectApostolic celebratedaPontificalHigh Massinthanksgiving.InKai-

Ontheothersideofthepicturewehaveareportfrom Shansithatthemissionaries therehavenothingleft:thefurniturewasremovedfromthe hospitalandresidenceanda schoolwasopenedinthelatter building.Themissionariesare consoledbythefactthattheir flocksremain,althoughthere arenomaterialcomforts.From Tsining,Mongolia,itisreported thatasystematicmovementis underwaytoexpelthemissionariesoneaftertheother, thoughthisisnotbeingcarried outinthenameofthegovern- mentbutinthenameoflocal officials.Thereasonalleged forthisisthatpriestsarenot merely'uselessbutpositively dangerous.

NoSurrenderForReunion

WeDidNotMerittheFaith,SaysCardinal Griffin.

(N.C.W.C.NewsService).

LONDON,March2.-Thenewinstructionissuedbythe SupremeSacredCongregationoftheHolyOfficeconcerning thereligiousreunionmovement,wasreceivedwithadded interesthere,becauseitfollowedapastoralletteronreunionmattersbyHisEminenceBernardCardinalGriffin, ArchbishopofWestminster.InthepastoraltheCardinal saysthattherecanbenoquestionofreunionuntilCatholic teachingsareacceptedbyotherreligions.

ThenewinstructionpublishedbytheHolySeesays: "NothingembracedintheCatholictruthconcerningthetrue natureandmeansofjustification,theconstitutionofthe Church,theRomanPontiff's primacyofjurisdiction,andthe onlyrealunioneffectuatedbya returnofthedissidentstothe onetrueChurchofChrist,must bepassedoverinsilenceor cloakedunderambiguousIanguage."

InhispastoralCardinalGriffindeclares:"We,asCatholics, mustrespectthereligiousconvictionsofotherpeople,andin returnwedemandsimilarrespectforourown.Co-operationwithmenofgoodwillmust neverleadtothepretencethat differencesofdoctrinedonot matter.Somedeeplyreligious mendonotbelievethatJesus ChrististheSonofGod.Others donotbelievethatthePopeis theVicarofChrist.

"ThosewhodenythesefundamentalCatholicdoctrinesare onlydeceivediftheyareencouragedtohopethattherecan beanyquestionofreunionuntil theseandotherCatholicteachingsareaccepted."

Co-operationinspiritualmatters,therefore,canonlybeon parallellinesbecauseaCatholiccannottakepartintheservicesofanotherreligion,the Cardinaladds.YetCatholics playtheirfullpartinsocialand publicactivityofeverykind,he says,addingthattheyare anxioustoco-operateinwh9.t willhelpinthewelfareofthe familyandthenation,provided themethodsadoptedareinaccordancewiththemorallaw.

MORITURI.

BRUSSELS,March2(NC.)CatholicartistsandwritersfilledtheDominicanchurchhere onAshWednesdayforaspecial Massoffered"fortheintention oftheartistswhoaretodie duringtheyear."

Thiswasthefirsttimesucha ceremonywasheldinBrussels. ThecustomoriginatedinParis in1926,whentheMontmartre painterWilmetteaskedthe CardinalArchbishopofParisto institutetheevent.Ithasspread to50communitiesinFrance. Nextyearitisexpectedthe Masseswillbeheldinother partsofBelgium.

ArchbishopFernandoCento, PapalNunciotoBelgium,and twopriestsdistributedthe Ashes.

AftertheConsecrationatthe Mass,ThomasBraun,aleading French-Belgianwriter,read Wilmette'sprayer: "Hail,Lord,thosewhoareto die,greetYou.

"Theywhogreetyoubefore dyingarecreatedafterYour imagethattheymaycreateArt.

"TheyhaveconsideredYour Creationandhavepaidhomage toYourBeauty.

"Theyarethesimpleofmind, whohungerafterthegloryof sittingatYourRightHand. TheygreetYou,Lord,before departingfromhere.

"Insayingallthis,"Cardinal Griffincontinues,"wemustrecognisehumblythatwehave notreceivedthegreatgiftof faiththroughourownmerits. Thegiftoffaithissomething free.Werecognisetheinnumerablegiftsandgracesthatflow tousthroughtheCatholic Church:thecertaintyoffaith whichcomesthroughherinfallibleteaching;thegracesthat comethroughthesevenSacraments;thehelpofGod'sHoly Mother,andtheintercessionof thesaints.

"Yetwithallthesegracesand blessingsitisdifficultenough forustoleadagoodChristian life.Wewantotherstoshare thesegiftswithus,sowemust earnestlybegAlmightyGodthat Hewillgrantthattheymay shareinourFaith,enjoythe sameSacraments,andhavethe sameMasswithwhichtooffer Himworship.

-OurBlessedLordhasshown usbyHisteachingandtheexampleofHislifethatthesouls

ofothersmaybesavedbyprayerandsacrifice.This,then, mustbeourresponsetothe Pope'scallfortheHolyYear." CardinalGriffinquotesthe wordsofHisHolinessPopePius XII.attheopeningoftheHoly Door:"Maythisjubileebethe yearofthegreatreturnofall mankindtothedivineplan."

So,theCardinalconcludes: "Byprayerandpenance,especiallyduringthisseasonofLent, letusworkforthe'greatreturn.'Aswepraydailyfor thereturnofourdearcountry totheonetrueChurch.letus makespecialeffortstosecure forotherstheprivilegesofthe faithsofreelybestowedupon ourselves."

COLDWARWARMSUPINPOLAND. (N.C.W.C.NewsService).

BishopKazimierz,ofChelmo,Poland,continuestobe keptunderhousearrestwhiletheCommunistregimeis minutelygoingthroughalltheBishop'spaperstotryto establishacaseagainsthim,accordingtoreportsfrom Poland.

Atthesametimetheregimehasdirectedapropaganda barrageagainstseveralothermembersoftheHierarchy,includingArchbishopStefanWyszynski,PolishPrimate.The ArchbishopisreportedtohavesentamemorandumtoPresidentBoleslawBierutprotestingtheregime'sincreased anti-Churchmeasures.Withoutdivulgingthefactthatthe Archbishophadmadetheprotest,theCommunistradiohas accusedhimofbeing"openlyhostiletotheGovernment."

TheArchbishop'smemorandumreportedlytoldPresident Bierutthattheunprecedented harshnessofrecentmeasures openlydisprovedtheGovernment'sclaimsthatithadno anti-Churchplans.ThePrimatewassaidtohavebeenparticularlyvigorousinhisprotest

UNIONSMUSTBEGUIDEDBYCHRISTIAN PRINCIPLES

(N.C.W.C.NewsService).

"We,theartistsinthisdark arena,butwiththebright weaponsYouhavegrantedus inbehalfofthemasseswhich haveneitherearsnoreyesbut haveamouthtojeerus,when webreakdown,withdownturnedthumb,

"WegreetYoubeforewedie."

MILLINERY.

ForExpertRenovationsand ModellingtoOrder,Consult

PATNORRISHATSHOP

CremorneArcade,HayStreet (NextBonMarche). 'PHONE:BA2594.

411114

ofthefactthattheGovernment presskeepsreferringas"patriotic"tothosefewpriestswho supporttheGovernment'santiChurchmeasures,whileitcalls "reactionary"thosepriestswho followthedirectivesoftheHierarchy.

Theterm"patrioticpriests" hasbeenusedwithincreasing frequencybytheCommunist pressforthoseclergymenwho havepubliclyendorsedtheregime'sseizureofCaritas,the Catholicwelfareagency.

Otherbishopssingledoutfor Communistattackhavebeen BishopsLucjanBernacki,Vicar GeneraloftheGnieznoArchdiocese;KarolRadonski,ofWloclawek,andCzeslawKaczmarek ofKielce.

STRANGEINDO-CHINASECT.

ByE.J.ANTHONY

(Correspondent,N.C.W.C.NewsService).

ERNAKULUM,India,March2.-Officialrecognitionhas beengiventothestrangecultofCaodaism,anIndo-Chinese sectwhich,thoughfoundedonly25yearsago,nowreportedlyhasenrolledabout2,000,000inhabitantsintheCochin ChinaprovinceofVietNam.ThesectimitatestheCatholic Churchinmanyoutwardforms.

Therecognitioncamewhen theFrenchHighCommissioner ofVietNam,M.L.Pignon,paid hisfirstStatevisittothe"cathedral"and"holysee"ofthe CaodaistsatTayninh.

Writinginthe"MadrasMail," G.WardPricesaysthatitwasa reconciliationaswellasrecognitionbecauseuntilabouttwo yearsago,theFrenchauthoritiesinIndo-Chinaconsidered Caodaismapotentiallydangerouselementinthepoliticallife ofthecountryandexiledits "pope"toMadagascarfrom1942 to1948.

Caodaismisakindoftheocraticstatewithinastate,hav-

GOANFERVOUR

GOA,PortugueseIndia,March 3(NC.)-Theincorruptbody ofSt.FrancisXavier,which hadbeenexhumedin1552and broughttotheCathedralhere, wasexposedonthemainaltar forthevenerationofthefaithfulforsixhours. The casketisexposedforvenerationevery12years,buton thisoccasion,forthefirsttime, thebodywastakenoutofthe casket.

Seventy-fivethousandpeople tookpartintheceremoniesat PanjimnearherewhenastatueofOurLadyofFatimaarrivedfromPortugal.Thestatue wasdiplayedonaspecially builtboatmadetoappearlike achapeland15Masseswerecelebratedsimultaneouslytocommemoratethe15Mysteriesof theRosary.

AnotherstatueofOurLady ofFatimawasaccordedanenthusiasticwelcomewhenitarrivedinTiruvella.Thattown gavestrongevidenceofharmoniousrelationsamongbyefollowersofotherbeliefs.Hindus andnon-CatholicChristians joinedtheCatholicpopulation inthereception.Housesand groundsalongtherouteofthe processionwerefestoonedwith flowersandgarlands.Manyof themlinedthecourseand prayedtoOurLady.Therewas amile-longcandleprocession withseveralthousandstaking activepart.

MANIZALES,Colombia,March2.-Atthecloseofthe ThirdNationalCongressoftheUnionofColombianWorkers(UniondeTrabajadoresdeColombiaorUTC),its800 delegatesproclaimedthattradeunionismmustbeguided byChristiansocialprinciplesinordertoattainmoral,social andpoliticalelevationofbothworkersandthenation. Non-interventionof trade unionsinpoliticalpartystruggles,astrictvigilancetoprevent infiltrationofCommunisminto tradeunionorganisations,and thedevelopmentofacampaign againstthehighcostofliving andthemonopolyofarticlesof primaryneedwerecalledforin otherresolutionsoftheCongress.

inginadditiontoitsreligious sideitsownarmyandciviladministration.Itclaimstobea synthesisofallexistingreligionsandreveresitsleadersas prophetsandenvoysofa"supremebeing."Itsorganisation issimilartothatoftheCatholic Hierarchy,withits"pope,"live "cardinals,"andarchbishops, bishops,priestsanddeacons. Womenarealsoadmittedtothe priesthood.Allarereportedly veegtariansandtakevowsof chastity,povertyandfidelity.

Membersofthesectbelieve theyareinspirdbyspiritswith whom they communicate throughtrainedmediums.They havedesignedaninstrumentfor automaticwriting,calledthe "basketwithabeak,"tofacilitatecommunicationwiththe spiritworld.

HonourForPriest

VIENNA,March2(NC).-The Rev.F.B.Vanholme,S.S.E., U.S.HeadquartersCommand Chaplain,wasmadeamember oftheConsistorialCouncilof theArchdioceseofViennaby HisEminenceTheodoreCardinal Innitzer,ArchbishopofVienna. TheCardinalstatedthatthe honouristhehighestthathe canbestowonapriest.

The800delegatesrepresented 180,000members(workersand farmers)oftheUTC.

Threeyearsafteritwas founded,theUTCnowhas eightregionaltradeunionfederations,madeupby382trade unions,mainlyagricultural,althoughinthedepartmentof Antiochaloneithasamembershipofabout40,000industrial workers.Ithassevendaily newspapersinvariouscitiesof thecountryandpublishesa weeklytradeunionpagein threeofthemainColombiadailies,withatotalweeklycirculationof250,000copies.

DAILYBREAD.

TOKYO,March3.-TheRev. MichaelCareyisthenewRegionalSuperiorfortheScarboro MissionSociety(Canadian)and recentlyarrivedheretotake overhisnewduties.

WhenFatherCareywasinternedinChinawith500Catholicandand200Protestantmissionaries,heservedaschief bakerinthecamp.Hewasa goodone,too,asthoseofuswho dependedonhis800loavesa daycantestify.Thebakeryalso Servedanotherusefulpurposein thosematch-lackingdays.The firstcigarettesofthemorning couldbelitfromthebakery fire.

"NESTOFSPIES"

MUNICH,March4.-TermingtheVatican"anestingplaceforAlliedspies,"Hitler,in1943, orderedittobeburnedtothe ground,RudolfRahn,lastnazi AmbassadortoRome,saidin testifyingbeforeadenazification tribunal.Hewasawitnessinthe trialofGieselherWirsing, formereditorofanazinewspaper.TheFuehrerwassoenragedbyItaly'scapitulationto theAlliesthathethoughtthis wouldbetherightkindofpunishment,thewitnessasserted.

BishopBernacki,whoisVicar GeneralforArchbishopWyszynski'sSee,ischargedintheCommunistpressofbeing"reactionary,servingtheAmericanimperialists,oppressingthepatrioticclergy,andsupportingthe Fascistunderground."Theattacksweretouchedoffwhen BishopBernackioustedapriest ofthearchdiocese,theRev,EdmundKonarski,ofSzemberow. fromhisofficeofdean,because hegavepublicendorsementof theregime'sseizureofCaritas.

WORKEDHISWAYUP.

TheRedsfirstorganiseda delegationwhichcalledonthe Bishopanddemandedthathe changehisdecision.Whenthe Bishoprefused,FatherKonarskiwashailedas"amartyrof thepeople'sPoland,"andwas awardedaCommunistdecoration.Atthedecorationceremony,attendedbytheCommunistgovernoroftheprovince,FatherKonarskidenounced"thecriminalactivities oftheformerCaritasauthorities,"andwasrewardedforIjis supportoftheGovernmentby beingnamedchairmanofthe regime'sboardofdirectorsfor theGnieznoCaritasoffice,

AUCKLAND,NewZealand, March2(NC.)-Archbishop PaulMarella,ApostolicDelegate toAustralia,NewZealandand Oceania,wi.1makahisfirstofficialvise:it.NewZealandtns month.&cralimportantevents willtakeplaceineachdiocese duringhisstay;inAuckland, theblessingoftheTrainingCollegeofLoretoHallforReligious teachersandthecentenarycelebrationsoftheSistersof Mercy;inDunedin,theGolden JubileeofthemajorSeminary, HolyCrossCollege;inChristchurch,theblessingofthenew blockatHolyNameSeminary; inWellington,theblessingof theCarmeliteFoundation.

However,theorderwasnot carriedoutbecauseex-AmbassadorRahn,whoimmediately flewtoBerlinandsawnotonly Hitlerhimself,butalsoGoering, Ribbentrop,BormanandGeneralsKeitelandJodl,succeeded intalkingHitleroutoftheidea. Hitlerwentintoaragewhen Mr.Rahnmethimandlaunched aviolentdiatribeagainstHis HolinessPopePiusII.Inthe winterof1944hewantedthe Vaticantobedestroyedby aerialbombardment,butagain, Mr.Rahnsaid,hefoiledthe plan.

MassForFishermen

THESCHOOLGIRL

PeaceforCityofContention?

TrusteeshipCouncilApprovesInternationalisation.

ByALBAZIZZAMIA (Radio,N.C.W.C.NewsService).

GENEVA,March4.-TheUnitedNationsTrusteeship CouncilhasfinallyapprovedArticle2ofadraftStatuteof Jerusalem,retainingtheboundariesofaninternationalised JerusalemareaassetforthinresolutionsoftheU.N.GeneralAssembly.

PriortothisactionIsraelhadaskedtheTrusteeship Councilforaredefinitionoftheterm"HolyPlaces,"andop-

t posedaproposalthatwouldreturnallreligiouspropertyto itspre-warowners.

Article2oftheJerusalemstatutealsoprovidesfortheappointmentofacommissionby theCouncil.Subjecttothe Council'sapprovalthiscommissionwoulddeterminetheline theboundariesaretotakebetweenthefourpointsspecified intheGeneralAssemblyresolution.

(TheGeneralAssemblyresolutionofDecember9,1949,providedfortheinternationalization ofJerusalem.andsurrounding villagesandtowns,thefour pointsspecifiedbeing:most eastern,AbiDismostsouthern Bethlehem,mostwesternEin Karimandmostnorthern Shufat.)

Thisarrangementneither evadestheAssemblyresolution, norprecludeson-the-spotnegotiations.Also,itallowsconsiderablelatitudeastothefinalextentoftheareaincludedinthe internationalizedzone.

MonsignorTiran,representativeoftheArmenianPatriarchateofJerusalem,pleaded thatthestatuteprovideforfull andfreefunctioningofreligiousinstitutionsbyrightand notbysufferance.Hesaidthese institutionshavemadetheHoly Placesoperativeandaretobe consideredanorganicpartof Jerusaleminordertoattainthe realU.N.objectivewithregard totheHolyPlaces.Heasked alsothatschoolsofthevarious religiouscommunitiesalsobe consideredtohaverightsequal withJewishandArabschools, addingthatgovernmentorsecularschoolsareunthinkablein Jerusalem.

Inregardtoreligiousproperty,theUnitedStatesdelegation hadproposedthatthestatute includeaprovisionreturningto theirlegalownersallrealpropertytowhichtitlewasheldon September1,1939,bychurches, missions,andreligiousand charitableinstitutions.

Inopposingthisproposal, Israel'schiefobjectionwas raisedwithregardtothedate, sincethepropertyinvolvedis

Poor

Representation

CAIRO,Feb.16(NC.)ChristiansinEgyptaredisap- pointedbythelackofappointmentstogovernmentpositionshere.TheWafdistparty,victor atthepollsinthelastgeneral election,hadpromisedtoplace Orthodox(schismatic)Coptsin highpublicpositions.TheCopts, whoconstituteabout15percent ofthetotalpopulationof 19,000,000,haveonlyonerepresentativeInthecabinet, wheretherehasalwaysbeenat leasttwoin administrations.previousWafdist Theyhaveonly 10seatsinaparliamentof300. TheCatholicCopts,whonumber about75,000,havenorepresen- tationeitherintheChamberof DeputiesorintheSenate.When theWafdistpartywasincontrol inthepastCatholicCoptshad atleastonerepresentativein boththeChamberandthe Senate.

TheWafdistPartyisthemost importantpoliticalgroupin Egypt.Itcameintobeingin 1919,ayearaftertreatynegotiationswithGreatBritain began.Personalitieshaveconsiderablecontroloverpolitical parties,whichhasledtomany differencesandtheeventual formationofnewparties.However,theWafdistpartyhas maintainedafrontposition undertheleadershipofMustaphaElNahasPasha,party presidentandformerpremier, whoestablishedtheWafdistgovernmentin1942.

Cityfrominternationalpolitics andanimosities.Hesaidthat membersofenemystatesmight stillpracticetheirreligionstogetherinJerusalem.Heasked theBritishrepresentativeto furnishinformationastowhethertheownersofthereligious propertyinvolvedintheU.S. proposalwere"collaborators"of thenaziregime.

nowundertheIsraeliCustodian forEx-EnemyProperty.Aubrey Eban,Israelirepresentative,statedthattheresentmentofthe peopleofIsraelwouldpreventtheIsraeligovernmentfromrecognisedanyclaimsbeenficial toGermannationals.Amongthe propertiesinvolvedarealsoan estimated$20,000,000worth ownedbytheLutheranchurch.

WhileassuringtheCouncil thattheIsraeligovernment wouldhavenodifficultyinrestoringreligiouspropertyas such,itwouldspecificallyexcludefromanycommitmentin thisregardanypropertypartly orindirectlyGerman.ItisbelievedthatsomeCatholicpropertyisconcernedinthequestion.

Dr.FadhelJamaliofIraq remindedtheCouncilthatthe intentionoftheU.N.resolution internationalizingJerusalemwas preciselytoremovetheHoly

Thesituationisnothelpedby thesilenceoftheBigPowers. Britainhasapparentlydecided towashitshandsofthewhole business.TheU.S.iscaughtbetweenitsdesiretoabidebya resolutionacceptedbyademocraticmajority,thoughwithoutthevoteoftheU.S.,andits hopeforasolutiontowhichall partiescanagree.

INDIALOSINGPATIENCEWITHRED WRECKERS

NEWDELHI,India,March3(NC).-India'sPrime Minister,PanditNehru,denouncedCommunisminParliament.Speakingofthevariousforcesinthecountrythat standinthewayofprogressandthepeacefullifeofthe people,hesaid:"TakesomeoftheCommunists.They wereourcolleaguesforsometime,butto-daytheyare carryingoutananti-socialpolicyofdestructionandpromotingchaos.

Speakingoftherevolutionary activities,Nehrucontinued: "Thereareothersagainwho wereourcolleagues,butwhoare nowopposingus.Thereare yetotherswhomaynotbeopposingusonapoliticalbasis, butinaneconomicsensethey holddifferentviews.Herein thisHousehowmanyviewsare representedonaneconomic plane?Itisdifficulttosay whoisarevolutionaryandwho

HOLLAND'SINSPIRINGEXAMPLE

ParliamentinHollandhas justpassedalawwhichisexpectedtoputHolland'slabour relationsonanaltogethernew footing.

Everybranchofindustryisto haveaforum,consistingof employersandworkers'repre- sentatives.Thesecanmakerulingsregardingworkingconditions,holidays,etc.,butatthe sametimetheyhaveamuch widerscopeofinterestinthat theywillbeabletoexertinfluenceonmatterspertainingto production,distributionand competition.

Theideaofbringingemployers andemployeestogetherisnot

"POLICE,PRISONS,COURTSWOULD - DISAPPEAR"

BUDAPEST,March3(NC.)

-TheHungarianNationalHoly YearCommittee,organized underthe.chairmanshipof ArchbishopJuliusCzapikof Egerseveralmonthsago,has appointedseveraldiocesansubcommitteestoimplementthe over-allHolyYearprogramme. Theactionwastakentoinsure thegreatestmeasureofspiritualwelfaretoallCatholicsin thecountryandtotabulatethe resultsbydioceses.

Representingthepressonthe GeneralcommitteeisDerso Jambor,editorofthesemi-officialCatholicnewsagency,the HungarianCourier.Archbishop JosephGroszofKaloscahas namedMsgr.JohnBardas chairmanofthecommitteein thatdiocese.MonsignorBard ismanageroftheCatholicActioncommitteeinthediocese.

InhiscircularletterregardingtheHolyYear,Archbishop GroszquotesHisHolinessPope PiusXII:"TheHolyYearisthe yearofthereturntoGod."The Archbishopwroteinhisletterto thepeople:"Ifthemillionsof peoplekepttheTenCommandmentsofGod,thepolice,the prisonsandthecourtsofjust- icewoulddisappearbecause therewouldbenomorelibels, slanders,imposters,thievesand murderers.Therewouldbeno

BETTERSOLUTION

TOKYO,Japan,March3(NC.) -Unlikethosewholoudly advocatebirth-controlasthe onlysolutiontoJapan'spopula- tionproblem,membersofthe SecretariateonEmigrationhere havebeenworkingquietlyon thesameproblemfortwoyears. FatherWilliamA.Kaschmitter, MaryknollmissionarywhodirectsToseiNewsAgency,heads theorganization.

TheSecretariate,formedin May,1948,bytheHierarchyof theCatholicChurchinJapan, encouragesemigrationtoless denselypopulatedareasofthe world.AnumberofJapaneselabourersandtechniciansalreadyhavebeenplacedinagricultural,industrialandcolonial projectsinvariouscountries.

LatestrequestbeforetheSecretariatecomesfromArgen- tina,whereaconcernhasofferedtoprovideinterestedJapanesewithricefarms.Father Kaschmitterhaswrittenacircularlettertoallmissionariesin Japanaskingfornamesofvolunteerfarmersforthisproject.

needforsoldiersbecausenationswouldnolongerbehostile toeachother.Themoneyspent forpolice,courts,prisons, armedforcesandarmament couldbeusedforculturaldevelopmentandpublicwelfare."

WARNEDAGAINST SNIDEPOLITICS.

BERLIN,March3(NC.)AlongwithaCatholicepiscopal banforbiddingtheclergytoassociatewiththecommunistdominatedSocialistUnityParty intheSovietzoneofGermany, theProtestantepiscopatehastakensimilaraction.Twice withinthelasttwoweeksProtestantclergymenhavebeen warnedagainstparticipationin politicalactivities.

InacircularlettertheProtestantEvangelicalbishopsandsuperintendentsoftheBrandenburgconsistoriumsaidthatministersandchurcheldersmust notjoinanypoliticalorganizationsincesuchmembershipcould notbeconsideredotherthanofficialrepresentation.Dr.Karl vonSheven,ProtestantBishop ofPomerania,warnedpastors andofficeholdersintheircongregationsagainstanyparticipationinpoliticalorganizations, especiallyatthistimeoftension.

RecentlyHisEminenceKonrad CardinalvonPreysinL4,Bishop ofBerlin,forbadetheCatholic clergyfromassociatingwiththe communist-dominated"National Front"organization.

INFRINGERIGHTS.

NEWDELHI,India,March2 (NC).-Catholicpapershere havetakenastandagainstthe infringementoftherightto teachreligioninschoolsnot totallysupportedbyStatefunds.

Itispointedoutthatin Madrastheauthoritiesprohibit theteachingofreligionin schoolsandcollegesonlypar- tiallysupportedbyStatefunds; andindenominationalschools, wherereligionistaughtoutside ofschoolhours,agovernment orderrequireslettersfromparentstotheauthoritiesrequestingthattheirchildrenbepermittedtoattendthereligious instructionclasses.

newtotheNetherlands,andthe organisationnowcreatedisthe ultimatedevelopmentofaplan commencedin1878whenthe firstcontactboardinindustry wasestablished.Underthenew system,Hollandwillhaveap- proximately 10,000 contact boardstospreadthroughout industry,inwhichtheworkers willberepresentedby50,000of theirnominees.

Thefore-runneroftheseinddustrialboardswastheFoundationofLabour,createdinthe Netherlandsin1945,which aimedatmaintainingindustrial peaceduringaperiodinwhich onlyanall-outeffortcould bringeconomicrehabilitationto thewar-ravagedcountry.

Terosultoftheworkofthe FoundationofLabourwasnoticeablefromthebeginning,and largelythroughitsinfluencethe numberofworkingdayslost, forinstancein1949,wasconfinedto130,000which,taking intoaccountHolland'sworking populationof4,000,000,isextremelylow.

(NetherlandsInformationBureau.)

isnotunlessyoudefineyour termsclearly."

ThePrimeMinisterwasreplyingtoaquestionputtohim intheHouse.

Seriousattemptstoputdown Communistactivitiescontinuein thesouthernpartofIndia. LeadersoftheCongressParty andCongressmenfromKrishna, Gunter,Godaveri,Kurnool, WarrangalandNalgondaare preparinganorganisedcampaignagainstCommunistterroristactivities.Three"wanted Communists"wereshottodeath byaspecialpolicesquadcreated toferretoutknownlawless Communists.Itisreported thattheCommunistgroupfired onthepolicefirst.Theattack tookplaceontheHyderabadKrishnaborder.

AunitedChristianfrontmovement,headedbymembersofthe HierarchyoftheCatholic ChurchandheadsandprominentmembersofallotherChristiandenominationsandsects, waslaunchedatameetingheld nearhere.Aninter-denominationalventureofsuchmagnitudeandwithacommonobjectivehasneverbeenattempted beforeinthehistoryofChristianityinMalabar.

Thechairmanofthismeeting wasBishopThomasTharayil. CoadjutorofKottayam.BishopBoneventuraAranha,of Vijayapuram,wasalsothere.A completeandwellorganised plantocombatthepernicious propagandaofCommunistsand militantanti-ChristianHindus, whobendeveryefforttodiscreditChristianityandwho treatChristianbeliefsandpracticeswithopencontempt,was adopted.

WINDOWBLINDS

MADETOORDER.

FromthebigrangeofWindowHollandatBarrett'swe willmakeWindowBlindstoyourrequirementsinany sizeupto6ft.wide,inbeige,or5ft.wideinnigger plain,scallopedorfringed.Letus_quoteyou.We measurefreeofchargeinthemetropolitanarea.Country clientsspeciallycateredfor.

Special3ft.PlainHollandBlinds 16/6. 50-inchHeavyArrasCloth 5/11yd.

PERTH,THURSDAY.MARCH30.1950.

rr

"PEACEBETOYOU.

ThelongpenitentialseasonofLentdrawstoaclose, throughGethsemaneandGolgotha,tothegloriousmorning oftheResurrection.Ithasbeenaveryrealseasonofgrief, forthememoryofChrist'sreparativelifeandredemptive deathhavebeenheightenedbythewoeofaworldnotat war,butinuneasyarmistice.Butthetribulationsofour timearenotworthytobecomparedwiththerealissuesthat arebeingeternallyfought,onthreefronts,betweentheindividualsoulandtheChurchofChristagainsttheworld, theflesh,andthedevil.Indeed,warwouldnotbesofutile haditbroughttotheworldatleastsomeconvictionthatits causesproceededinthelastanalysisfromthefailureofindividualsandnationstoacknowledgethesovereigntyof ChristasKing;andhence,imperviousaliketothedemands ofjusticeandcharity,hadreducedWesterncivilisation(of whichtheCatholicFaithhadbeenthechiefformativeelement)toaconditionofjunglewar.Buttheworldhasso farlostcontactwiththeChristianbeliefthatitcanrfo longersublimateitssufferings,toservethecauseofChrist bywayofexpiation.Onthecontrary,itisonlyembittered bypainandisthrownintoyetgreaterdesolationandperplexityastowhetherlifehasanymeaningorpurpose.

Christ'sResurrectionisthefoundationforthejoyofthe Christianlifeandthereasonforitshope.andofthesetwo thingstheworldisindesperateneed.Itistheheightof fatuitytosupposethatthemerecombinationorconflictof materialforceswillautomaticallyproduceabetterworld order.Thisisthegrossestlieofmaterialism.Theworld willneverbeanybetterthantheindividualswhoinhabitit. andtheindividual,thoughtosomeextentconditionedby hismaterialenvironment.isyetsuperiortoit.Andthe individualwillfindneitherhopenorpeacenorjoyuntilhe ispreparedforthefundamentalhumilitywhichseesmenas thecreaturesofGodandGodasthesupremeandpersonal Lordofcreation.Thisisthebareminimum.Itisthe missionoftheChurchtoshowtheworldthemoresplendid visionofGodastheFatherofall.andmenasbearingthe intolerabledignityofsonshipachievedpreciselythrough theDeathandResurrectionofChristOurLord.Theproblemoftherestorationofpoliticalorderintheworldandof economicjustice,andindeed,therightingofallwrong, drivesbackultimatelytotherestorationofreligion.The worldwillnotrisefromitsashesuntiltheindividualis preparedforacompletechangeofheart.

This,aboveall,isthemessgaeofEaster-thattheindividualsoulshouldrise,withChristandthroughChrist, fromthedeathofsintothelifeofgrace.Untilthefact ofsinisrecognised,anditsconsequencesinthewayofrepentanceandreparation.themoderntalkofprogressandof enlightenmentwillremainhypocriticalcant.Forbysin, asSt.Augustinedeclares,manbecomesmerelyman,andif historyhasanylesson,itisparamountlythatmanisnot sufficienteventohimself.Thefactofmarriagealoneindicatesthistruth,butthefactofsinprovesittothehilt.

Mancannotbetrueeventothedictatesofhisown reason,withoutsomeassistanceexternaltohisownnature andtothehumanorderofreality.Thetruthofthewhole matteristhatourcivilisationisperishinginthemidstofits ownvain-glorythroughmalnutrition-lackofthatvitallife whichisthegraceofGod.AndEasteristhereminderof allthis,ofhowitispossible,throughandbyunionwith Christ'sDeathandResurrection,tocastoffhabitsofsinand livethesupernaturallifeofgrace.HencetheChurch's felicitiousobligationonitssubjectsoffulfillingthePaschal Precept.FortheCatholiccanattaintosupernaturallife inordinarycircumstancesonlythroughtheuseoftheSacramentsofPenanceandtheBlessedEucharist.Theworld unwittinglycelebratesEasterasaholiday,butforusCatholicsitisthesupremelyholydaywhichtheLordhas madeandinwhichwemayallmostreasonablyrejoiceand beexceedingglad.

PRESSOPINION.

OnSand.

To-daywehearmuchtalkof fourfreedoms.Yetinmost countries,inthenameofdemocracy,ourfreedomtoliveas humanbeingsandasChristians isbeinginterferedwith,and evendenied.

Educationiscalledfreebecausenoteverycitizenpaysfor itdirectly.Whatamockery ofliberty!Menandwomen arepracticallyforcedtoputin powerapoliticalpartywhich oftenrepresentsasmallminorityofthepeople,andstraightawaysetsaboutpenalisingthe majority.

Forgotten-But

NosingleelementinGerMan lifecontributesmoretoanxiety andfrustration,andtherefore tothedangerofaradicalnationalistrevival,thantheunsolvedquestionofGermany's refugees.InaNewYear'sinterviewPresidentTheodore HeussoftheWestGermanFederalRepubliclistedtherefugeeproblemasthemostim-

isacrucialspiritualandpastoraldifficultyforGermanCatholicism.Germany'sheroic Cairitasorganizationisstrugglingwideranunmanageable task.WritinginBlackfriarsfor November,1940,OttoB.Roegeleremarksthat,despitesome shiningexceptions,"Catholics inthecountryhavenotshown upwellunderthestrainwhich therefugeeshaveplacedupon them."

Completelyunrealisticare thosewhocomfortthemselves byimagininganessentialcontradictionbetweenSovietforeignpolicyandamilitant. unifiedGermanstate.Equally unrealisticarethosewhoconfuseBavarianconservatism withrightism,neo-fascimand resurgentnazism.Aseven DrewMiddleton.chiefalarmist ontheGermannationalistrevival,observed(N.Y.Times Magazine.November13.1949):

Ifthemoderatenationalists, whowouldbetermedpatriots elsewhere,aretreatedasdemagogicrabblerousersand militaristsbytherestof EuropeandbytheUnited States,thenthatiswhat theywillbecome. Theyear1950callsforsober andaccuratethinkingonthis topic.Aboveall,itcallsfora "solution,"inDr.Heuss'words, "throughinternationalaction," oftheagonizingproblemofthe Germanrefugees.Onegreat alleviation,evenifnota completeremedy,wouldbea thoroughreappraisaloftheir immigrationpoliciesbythegovernmentsofSouthAmerica, AustraliaandtheUnitedStates.Itisdifficulttoagreewith U.S.HighCommissionerJohn J.McCloythatthisispurely aninternalproblemtobehandledsolelybytheGerman people.

"America"

HowManyFaces?

InthedebateontheAddress inReplyintheopeningsession ofthe19th.GeneralParliament. Mr.Calwellisreportedtohave saidthat"theworkersare notgoingtofallforthe 'flapdoodlenonsenseaboutcooperationbetweenworkersand employersintheindustry." Ifhiswordshavenotbeenmisreportedormisrepresented,as sometimesoccursintheCalwellPressfeud,theycallforcommentinthelightofChristian socialdoctrine.Itisundoubtedly andunfortunatelytruethata certainsectionoftheLabour movement.mainlyCommunistdominatedtradeunions,regards co-operationbetweenworkers andemployersasflapdoodle nonsense.Perhaps,thisiswhat Mr.Calwellhadinmind.The principleofco-operationinindustry,however,withemployers andworkersasco-partnersand co-ownersisafundamental tenetandaimofCaholicsocial teaching.Withoutsuchanevolutioninindustriallife,thefutureholdsincreasingsocialdie-

harmonyandinstability,which canendonlyinaFascistdictatorshipoftheRightoraCommunistdictatorshipoftheLeft. Mr.Calwellrecognizesallthis himself,tojudgefromapamph_ lethepublishedwhenMinister ofImmigrationandInformation, entitled"WhatthePopeshave saidonCapitalismandtheEmployingClass,theWageSystem andTradeUnions."InhisexcerptsMr.Calwellquotedpresumablywithapproval,thefamousprinciple,laiddownby PopeLeoXIIIin"RerumNovarum,"that"Capitalcannotdo withoutLabournorLabourwithoutCapital,"whichisthestartingpointforallChristianthink_ ingonindustrialcooperation.He alsoquotedfromtheAustralian Bishops'Statementon"Peacein Industry,"inwhich"therefusal ofcertainsectionsofemployers totreatwiththeworkersas equalpartnersinindustry"is deplored,and"theinstitutionof jointcommittees"ofemployers andworkersissuggestedand recommended. TheAdvocate

Resolution-orHorror.

Thereisanextraordinarycoincidenceofmisfortunethatthe emergenceofanewkindofman whowhollyrepudiatesthetraditionalmoralitytookplacejust beforethoseinventionscameto givesuchmenforthefirsttime inhistorythepowertodestroy thosewhostandintheirpath, evenatagreatdistance;and thatthesenewamoralmenbecamethemastersageneration agooftheonecountry,Russia, whichis,bysizeandremoteness andthecharacteristicsofits peoples,mostdifficulttobring intointernationalcontrol.Exceptfortheexistenceofthis sortofGovernmentinjustthat onecountry,theproblemsof jointcontrolcouldbefacedand solved.Thereisnoothercountry,GermanyorJapanorSpain, orArgentina,whereitmatters totherestofhumanitywhat ideasinspiretheGovernment, noothercountrywhichcould notbeforcedtoacceptinternationalinspectionandcontrol orquicklyimmobilised. Therewillhavetobefurther attemptstoreachtheRussians, ortherewillemergelittleby

Socialismwithitsnationalisingprogrammeisamenaceto truedemocracy.Unlessand untiltheextentandtherigid limitsofgovernmentcontrolof menandthingsareclearlydefined,thenationisonthehigh roadtoenslavement,

NeverdowehearastatesmancallingoutforChristianreform.Andyetifweprofessto beChristians,whyshouldthe teachingofChristbeignored? IfwebelieveinGod,why shouldwegoonlabouringin vainbybuildingonanother foundation?-"Standard."

ForgettingNot.

portantfacingtheGermanGovernmentin1950.Thepresence ofnearlytenmillionpersons fromEasternEuropeandthe SovietGermanzonecrowded intoanalreadydevastatedarea isaterriblethreattothepoli- ticalandsocialsecurityofall Europe(Am.,10/1/49,p.688). Addedtothisnewandbona fidequestionof"livingspace"

HotTipster!

Mr.DouglasWilkieiswithus oncemoreinthecolumnsofthe "Advertiser."Hehasbeento Indonesia,wherehe'chatted acrossthetablewithoneofthe seniorMinistersoftheIndonesianCabinet."Hecomesback assuringusthattheIndonesian leadersareonlypretending whentheymakeloudandvigourousclaimstoDutchNew Guineaand(someofthem)to AustralianNewGuinea.Sonow weareall Everythingperfectlyreassured. isallright.Mr. Wilkiehasfoundoutthatthe Indonesiansarenotgoingto movedowntowardsAustralia. The ingonlygroundsformisgivislestMr.Wilkieshouldbe aswronginthismatterashe hasprovedhimselftobeinhis claimthattheChineseCommunistsarejustmoderatepeople,independentofMoscow."SouthernCross."

PRIESTLOSESMOTHER

Weregrettoannouncethe death,inKilkelly,Mayo,Ireland,ofMrs.NorahDuffy. motheroftheRev.FatherM.K. Duffy,P.P.,York,onthe27th. inst.SolemnRequiemMass forthereposeofhersoulwill beofferedatNorthamat9.30 a.m.onWednesday,April12. "TheRecord"extendssincere sympathytoFatherDuffyand othermembersofthefamily. Maysherestinpeace.

HOLYOILS.

TheHolyOilswillbe readyfordistributionat middayonHolySaturday. RuralDeansarereminded toarrangetohavetheHoly OilsfortheirDeaneries pickedup.AllHolyOil containersshouldbeforwardedimmediatelytothe CathedralAdministrator.

littleinAmericaafeelingthat lifeunderthenewinsecurity fromdaytodayisanincreasinglyintolerableprospect.The Americansareapebpledevotedtopeace.Butanysurvey oftheirhistoryshowsthatthey have,too,aruthlessside,and havereluctantlybutresolutely gonetowarwhenevertheyhave believedwartobetheonly course,whethertoachieveindependence,ortoannexth'ewest fromMexico,ortosavethe Union,ortoremoveaGerman menacewhich,bothin1917and 1941,wasremotebycomparisonwithwhattheRussianmenacethreatenssoveryshortlyto become.Thesearefearful prospectswhichopenupforhumanity,andstrongwillbethe temptationtoothercountriesto imaginethattheycantakeadvantageoftheirownindustrial insignificancetocontractoutof anycollectivesecuritysystem. Butthemoreofthesauvequi peutspiritthereis,themore dangerousisthefuturegoingto beforeverybody.-"TheTablet."

COMMENTATORS'DIGEST

DesertsUn-Watered.

Thestoryofthetragictriumphofeducationalsecularism mayfittinglybeclosedbythe solemnjudgementmadeupon theChristianswhosupported theActbyaverygreatEvangelicalleader,theAnglicanBishopMoorhouse,ofMelbourne.

"Itis,"hedeclared,"themost frightfullydesolatingpieceof legislationIeversaw.And howanyChristiancanupholdit, withoutanysensethatheis unfaithfultohisMaster,Icannotconceive. Itdoes,no doubt,seemahorriblyarbitrary proceedingforaMinisterof Educationtohavestruckthe NameofChristoutofthereadingbookwithoutconsulting Parliament. Whatenabled himtotakethataction?

Thelawwhichyouhavemade, andwhichyouinsistonretainingunaltered,thoughitstarves anddegradesthesoulsofyour

children. Icannotblamethe MinisterofEducation.Letthe blameliewhereitreallyrestsupontheChristianpeopleofthis country,whoallowthelawto remainunaltered."

Alas,itisstillunaltered,after almost70yearsinwhichthe masseshavebecomemoreand morede-Christianised,and "spiritualilliteracy"moreand moreabounding.Andnowthat thefullfruitsofsecularismin neo-paganmoralandsocialanarchyarebecomingapparent, theimmensedifficultyofaremedyisasobviousasitsnecessity.Thetaskisnolonger thatofinstructingtheignorant childreyofsomewhatslipshod ProtestantChristians,butof tryingtoconvertmultitudesof Gentileswhosespiritualconditionislikethatofthedrybones inEzekiel'sVision. .-D.G. M.Jackson.

PAPALBLESSINGON EASTERSUNDAY.

MassandSermonBroadcast. HisGracetheArchbishopwill impartthePapalBlessingat SolemnHighMass,commencing at11a.m.,intheCathedral,on EasterSunday.Thecelebrant willbeRev.JohnHogan,and thepreacherRev.W.Byrne. O.M.I. Massandsermonwillbe broadcastoverfifeNationalStations.(Note:Thisbroadcast willreplacethecustomaryfirst Sundayofthemonthbroadcast fromtheCathedral.)

VIACRUCIS.

YourpresenceisrequestedattheSolemnWayof theCross,whichwilltake placeinthegroundsofthe FarmandTradesSchool, Bindoon,onGoodFriday, April7th.,beginningat3 P.M. Refreshmentswill be available.

Don'tMisstheBrandNew Displayof HAPPY, LIFELIKE CHILD STUDIES

ShowingintheCouncilAvenue Showcaseof VICTORPENROSE Specialistin CHILDPORTRAITS.

HaveyourChildrenPhotographedtheMODERNWAY astheyplay. Exposure10,000th.partofa second.

MovementisImpossible

PERTH,THURSDAY,MARCH30,1950.

"PEACEBETOYOU

ThelongpenitentialseasonofLentdrawstoaclose, throughGethsemaneandGolgotha.tothegloriousmorning oftheResurrection.Ithasbeenaveryrealseasonofgrief, forthememoryofChrist'sreparativelifeandredemptive deathhavebeenheightenedbythewoeofaworldnotat war,butinuneasyarmistice.Butthetribulationsofour timearenotworthytobecomparedwiththerealissuesthat arebeingeternallyfought,onthreefronts,betweentheindividualsoulandtheChurchofChristagainsttheworld, theflesh,andItiedevil.Indeed,warwouldnotbesofutile haditbroughttotheworldatleastsomeconvictionthatits causesproceededinthelastanalysisfromthefailureofindividualsandnationstoacknowledgethesovereigntyof ChristasKing;andhence,imperviousaliketothedemands ofjusticeandcharity,hadreducedWesterncivilisation(of whichtheCatholicFaithhadbeenthechiefformativeelement)toaconditionofjunglewar.Buttheworldhasso farlostcontactwiththeChristianbeliefthatitcando longersublimateitssufferings,toservethecauseofChrist bywayofexpiation.Onthecontrary,itisonlyembittered bypainandisthrownintoyetgreaterdesolationandperplexityastowhetherlifehasanymeaningorpurpose.

Christ'sResurrectionisthefoundationforthejoyofthe Christianlifeandthereasonforitshope,andofthesetwo thingstheworldisindesperateneed.Itistheheightof fatuitytosupposethatthemerecombinationor'conflictof materialforceswillautomaticallyproduceabetterworld order.Thisisthegrossestlieofmaterialism.Theworld willneverbeanybetterthantheindividualswhoinhabitit, andtheindividual,thoughtosomeextentconditionedby hismaterialenvironment,isyetsuperiortoit.Andthe individualwillfindneitherhopenorpeacenorjoyuntilhe ispreparedforthefundamentalhumilitywhichseesmenas thecreaturesofGodandGodasthesupremeandpersonal Lordofcreation.Thisisthebareminimum.Itisthe missionoftheChurchtoshowtheworldthemoresplendid visionofGodastheFatherofall,andmenasbearingthe intolerabledignityofsonshipachievedpreciselythrough theDeathandResurrectionofChristOurLord.Theproblemoftherestorationofpoliticalorderintheworldandof economicjustice,andindeed,therightingofallwrong, drivesbackultimatelytotherestorationofreligion:The worldwillnotrisefromitsashesuntiltheindividualis preparedforacompletechangeofheart.

This,aboveall,isthemessgaeofEaster-thattheindividualsoulshouldrise,withChristandthroughChrist, fromthedeathofsintothelifeofgrace.Untilthefact ofsinisrecognised,anditsconsequencesinthewayofrepentanceandreparation,themoderntalkofprogressandof enlightenmentwillremainhypocriticalcant.Forbysin, asSt.Augustinedeclares,manbecomesmerelyman,andif historyhasanylesson,itisparamountlythatmanisnot sufficienteventohimself.Thefactofmarriagealoneindicatesthistruth,butthefactofsinprovesittothehilt.

Mancannotbetrueeventothedictatesofhisown reason,withoutsomeassistanceexternaltohisownnature andtothehumanorderofreality.Thetruthofthewhole matteristhatourcivilisationisperishinginthemidstofits ownvain-glorythroughmalnutrition-lackofthatvitallife whichisthegraceofGod.AndEasteristhereminderof allthis,ofhowitispossible,throughandbyunionwith Christ'sDeathandResurrection,tocastoffhabitsofsinand livethesupernaturallifeofgrace.HencetheChurch's felicitiousobligationonitssubjectsoffulfillingthePaschal Precept.FortheCatholiccanattaintosupernaturallife inordinarycircumstancesonlythroughtheuseoftheSacramentsofPenanceandtheBlessedEucharist.Theworld unwittinglycelebratesEasterasaholiday,butforusCatholicsitisthesupremelyholydaywhichtheLordhas madeandinwhichwemayallmostreasonablyrejoiceand beexceedingglad.

PRESSOPINION.

OnSand.

To-daywehearmuchtalkof fourfreedoms.Yetinmost countries,inthenameofdemocracy,ourfreedomtoliveas humanbeingsandasChristians isbeinginterferedwith,and evendenied.

Educationiscalledfreebecausenoteverycitizenpaysfor itdirectly.Whatamockery ofliberty!Menandwomen arepracticallyforcedtoputin powerapoliticalpartywhich oftenrepresentsasmallminorityofthepeople,andstraightawaysetsaboutpenalisingthe majority.

isacrucialspiritualandpastoraldifficultyforGermanCatholicism.Germany'sheroic Caritasorganizationisstrugglingunderanunmanageable task.WritinginBlackfriarsfor November,1940,OttoB.Roegeleremarksthat,despitesome shiningexceptions,"Catholics inthecountryhavenotshown upwellunderthestrainwhich therefugeeshaveplacedupon them."

Completelyunrealisticare thosewhocomfortthemselves byimagininganessentialcontradictionbetweenSovietforeignpolicyandamilitant. unifiedGermanstate.Equally unrealisticarethosewho,confuseBavarianconservatism withrightism,neo-fascimand resurgentnAzism.Aseven

DrewMiddleton,chiefalarmist

Ifthemoderatetatiquilists, whowouldbetermedpatriots elsewhere,arttraittlidasdemagogicrabblerostersand militaristsbytherestof EuropeandbytheUnited States,thenthatiswhat theywillbecome. Theyear1950callsforsober andaccuratethinkingonthis topic.Aboveall,itcallsfora "solution,"inDr.Ileuss.words, "throughinternationalaction," oftheagonizingproblemofthe Germanrefugees.Onegreat alleviation,evenifnota completeremedy,wouldbea thoroughreappraisaloftheir immigrationpoliciesbythegovernmentsofSouthAmerica, AustraliaandtheUnitedStates.Itisdifficulttoagreewith U.S.HighCommissionerJohn J.McCloythatthisispurely aninternalproblemtobehandontheGermannationalistre-ledsolelybytheGerman vival,observed(N.Y.Timespeople.

Magazine,November13,1949): "America"

HowManyFaces?

InthedebateontheAddress inReplyintheopeningsession ofthe19th.GeneralParliament.

Mr.Calwellisreportedtohave saidthat"theworkersare notgoingtofallfdtthe 'flapdoodlenonsenseaboutcooperationbetweenworkersand employersintheindustry."

Ifhiswordshavenotbeenmisreportedormisrepresented,as sometimesoccursintheCalwellPressfeud,theycallforcommentinthelightofChristian socialdoctrine.Itisundoubtedly andunfortunatelytruethata certainsectionoftheLabour movement,mainlyCommunistdominatedtradeunions,regards co-operationbetweenworkers andemployersasflapdoodle nonsense.Perhaps,thisiswhat Mr.Calwellhadinmind.The principleofco-operationinindustry,however,withemployers andworkersasco-partnersand co-ownersisafundamental tenetandaimofCaiiholicsocial teaching.Withoutsuchanevolutioninindustriallife,thefutureholdsincreasingsocialdis-

harmonyandinstability,which canendonlyinaFascistdictatorshipoftheRightoraCommunistdictatorshipoftheLeft. Mr.Calwellrecognizesallthis himself,tojudgefromapamph_ lethepublishedwhenMinister ofImmigrationandInformation, entitled"WhatthePopeshave saidonCapitalismandtheEmployingClass,theWageSystem andTradeUnions."InhisexcerptsMr.Calwellquotedpresumablywithapproval,thefamousprinciple,laiddownby PopeLeoXIIIin"RerumNovarum,"that"Capitalcannotdo withoutLabournorLabourwithoutCapital,"whichisthestartingpointforallChristianthinkingonindustrialcooperation.He alsoquotedfromtheAustralian Bishops'Statementon"Peacein Industry,"inwhich"therefusal ofcertainsectionsofemployers totreatwiththeworkersas equalpartnersinindustry"is deplored,and"theinstitutionof jointcommittees"ofemployers andworkersissuggestedand recommended.

TheAdvocate

Resolution-orHorror.

Thereisanextraordinarycoincidenceofmisfortunethatthe emergenceofanewkindofman whowhollyrepudiatesthetraditionalmoralitytookplacejust beforethoseinventionscameto givesuchmenforthefirsttime inhistorythepowertodestroy thosewhostandintheirpath, evenatagreatdistance;and thatthesenewamoralmenbecamethemastersageneration agooftheonecountry,Russia, whichis,bysizeandremoteness andthecharacteristicsofits peoples,mostdifficulttobring intointernationalcontrol.Exceptfortheexistenceofthis sortofGovernmentinjustthat onecountry,theproblemsof jointcontrolcouldbefacedand solved.Thereisnoothercountry,GermanyorJapanorSpain, orArgentina,whereitmatters totherestofhumanitywhat ideasinspiretheGovernment, noothercountrywhichcould notbeforcedtoacceptinternationalinspectionandcontrol orquicklyimmobilised. Therewillhavetobefurther attemptstoreachtheRussians, ortherewillemergelittleby

littleinAmericaafeelingthat lifeunderthenewinsecurity fromdaytodayisanincreasinglyintolerableprospect.The Americansareapebpledevotedtopeace.Butanysurvey oftheirhistoryshowsthatthey have,too,aruthlessside,and havereluctantlybutresolutely gonetowarwhenevertheyhave believedwartobetheonly course,whethertoachieveindependence,ortoannexthbwest fromMexico,ortosavethe Union,ortoremoveaGerman menacewhich,bothin1917and 1941,wasremotebycomparisonwithwhattheRussianmenacethreatenssoveryshortlyto become.Thesearefearful prospectswhichopenupforhumanity,andstrongwillbethe temptationtoothercountriesto imaginethattheycantakeadvantageoftheirownindustrial insignificancetocontractoutof anycollectivesecuritysystem. Butthemoreofthesauvequi peutspiritthereis,themore dangerousisthefuturegoingto beforeverybody.-"TheTablet."

HotTipsier!

Mr.DouglasWilkieiswithus oncemoreinthecolumnsofthe "Advertiser."Hehasbeento Indonesia,wherehe'chatted acrossthetablewithoneofthe seniorMinistersoftheIndonesianCabinet."Hecomesback assuringusthattheIndonesian leadersareonlypretending whentheymakeloudandvigourousclaimstoDutchNew Guineaand(someofthem)to AustralianNewGuinea.Sonow weareall Everythingperfectlyreassured. isallright.Mr. Wilkiehasfoundoutthatthe Indonesiansarenotgoingto movedowntowardsAustralia.

TheonlygroundsformisgivingislestMr.Wilkieshouldbe aswronginthismatterashe hasprovedhimselftobeinhis claimthattheChineseCommunistsarejustmoderatepeople,independentofMoscow,."SouthernCross."

PRIESTLOSESMOTHER

Weregrettoannouncethe death,inKilkelly,Mayo,Ireland,ofMrs.NorahDuffy. motheroftheRev.FatherM.K. Duffy,RP.,York,onthe27th. inst.SolemnRequiemMass forthereposeofhersoulwill' beofferedatNorthamat9.30 a.m.onWednesday,April12. "TheRecord"extendssincere sympathytoFatherDuffyand othermembersofthefamily. Maysherestinpeace.

HOLYOILS.

TheHolyOilswillbe readyfordistributionat middayonHolySaturday. RuralDeansarereminded toarrangetohavetheHoly OilsfortheirDeaneries pickedup.AllHolyOil containersshouldbeforwardedimmediatelytothe CathedralAdministrator.

PAPALBLESSING

EASTERSUNDAY.

MassandSermonBroadcast. HisGracetheArchbishopwill impartthePapalBlessingat SolemnHighMass,commencing at11a.m.,intheCathedral,on EasterSunday.Thecelebrant willbeRev.JohnHogan,and thepreacherRev.W.Byrne, O.M.I. Massandsermonwillbe broadcastovertheNationalStations.(Note:Thisbroadcast willreplacethecustomaryfirst Sundayofthemonthbroadcast fromtheCathedral.)

VIACRUCIS.

YourpresenceisrequestedattheSolemnWayof theCross,whichwilltake 'placeinthegroundsofthe FarmandTradesSchool, Bindoon,onGoodFriday. April7th.,beginningat3 p.m. Refreshmentswillbe available.

Socialismwithitsnationalisingprogrammeisamenaceto truedemocracy.Unlessand untiltheextentandtherigid limitsofgovernmentcontrolof menandthingsareclearlydefined,thenationisonthehigh roadtoenslavement.

NeverdowehearastatesmancallingoutforChristianreform.Andyetifweprofessto beChristians,whyshouldthe teachingofChristbeignored? IfwebelieveinGod,why shouldwegoonlabouringin vainbybuildingonanother foundation?-"Standard."

Forgotten-ButForgettingNot.

NosingleelementinGerman lifecontributesmoretoanxiety andfrustration,andtherefore tothedangerofaradicalnationalistrevival,thantheunsolvedquestionofGermany's refugees.InaNewYear'sinterviewPresidentTheodore HeussoftheWestGermanFederalRepubliclistedtherefugeeproblemasthemostim-

portantfacingtheGermanGovernmentin1950.Thepresence ofnearlytenmillionpersons fromEasternEuropeandthe SovietGermanzonecrowded intoanalreadydevastatedarea isaterriblethreattothepoliticalandsocialsecurityofall Europe(Am.,10/1/49,p.688). Addedtothisnewandbona fidequestionof"livingspace"

COMMENTATORS'DIGEST

DesertsUn-Watered.

Thestoryofthetragictriumphofeducationalsecularism mayfittinglybeclosedbythe solemnjudgementmadeupon theChristianswhosupported theActbyaverygreatEvangelicalleader,theAnglicanBishopMoorhouse,ofMelbourne.

"Itis,"hedeclared,"themost frightfullydesolatingpieceof legislationIeversaw.And howanyChristiancanupholdit, withoutanysensethatheis unfaithfultohisMaster,Icannotconceive. Itdoes,no doubt,seemahorriblyarbitrary proceedingforaMinisterof Educationtohavestruckthe NameofChristoutofthereadingbookwithoutconsulting Parliamept. Whatenabled himtotakethataction? Thelawwhichyouhavemade, andwhichyouinsistonretainingunaltered,thoughitstarves anddegradesthesoulsofyour

children. Icannotblamethe MinisterofEducation.Letthe blameliewhereitreallyrestsupontheChristianpeopleofthis country,whoallowthelawto remainunaltered."

Alas,itisstillunaltered,after almost70yearsinwhichthe masseshavebecomemoreand morede-Christianised,and "spiritualilliteracy"moreand moreabounding.Andnowthat thefullfruitsofsecularismin neo-paganmoralandsocialanarchyarebecomingapparent, theimmensedifficultyofAremedyisasobviousasitsnecessity.Thetaskisnolonger thatofinstructingtheignorant childrenofsomewhatslipshod ProtestantChristians,butof tryingtoconvertmultitudesof Gentileswhosespiritualconditionislinethatofthedrybones inEzekiel'sVision. :.-D.G. M.Jackson.

Don'tMisstheBrandNew Displayof HAPPY, LIFELIKE CHILD STUDIES

ShowingintheCouncilAvenue Showcaseof VICTORPENROSE Specialistin CHILDPORTRAITS.

HaveyourChildrenPhotographedtheMODERNWAY astheyplay. Exposure10,000th.partofa second.

MovementisImpossible

NATURALRISKS.

Ihavealongletterfrom "TwoSuspiciousBunnies"of Perth.Theyaskmetotreatof adifficultyveryrealinthelives ofyoungmarriedcouplestoday. Idonotintendtotreatthematterinthissession,forIconsider toquiteunsuitedforpublicdiscussion.Howeverthereareone ortworemarksIshouldliketo make.Theyconcludewith thanksinanticipationforasatisfactoryreply-premature thanksIfearbecauseIamsure theywillbeanythingbutsatisfiedwiththereplyIamgiving. InthefirstplaceIamrefusing todiscussthematterindetail. SecondlyIthinktheyareapproachingthematterfroman anglewhichmakesitimpossible foranyonetosatisfythem.You seetheystatetheirproblemand seekasolutionalonglinesthey themselvesdetermine.Asthey say,theyrequiremorethana 90%solution"wewantnone otherthana100%one,"which ofcoursemakesitveryhardto satisfythem.Asmuchaswe maysympathisewiththemwe cannotforamomentsuggest thatthelawofGod,which admittedlyisofdifficultapplicationintheircake,canbeaccommodatedtomeettheirneed.nor canweanticipatethefindings ofmedicalscienceandpresent themwithacutanddriedformulawherenosuchformula,so farasIknow,hasyetbeen found.Apriestoradoctormay outlineacertainmodeofpro-

JUDGEMUSTK

A"Listener"fromPembertonsubmitstwoquestions. Hereisthefirstofthem.For thesakeofclarityIshallput itthus.Godsolovedthe world,theBiblesays.thatHe gaveHisOnlySontodiefore allmankind.Allwhobelieve inHimshallbesaved.This Son,ChristJesus,istheone advocatebetweenGodand Man.Healonecanforgiveus oursins.Sowhatblindness makespeopleconfesstheir sinstoanearthlypriestand thinktherebytheycangain forgiveness?

A.:Ipresumeyouhavein mindthepassagefromSt. Paul'sEpistletoTimothy,II., 5,inwhichitiswritten "ForthereisoneGod,andone mediatorofGodandmen,the manChristJesus."Youhave onlytoreadthecontextto knowthatSt.PaulisheresimplystatingthetruththatChrist istheoneandonlymediatorof Redemption,whogaveHimself, astheApostlewritesinthenext verse,"aredemptionforall." Heistheonlymediator,who standsinneedofnootherto recommendhispetitionstothe Father.

Nowwithregardtoconfessingoursins,Godalonecan forgivesin.Withthatwe'veno quarrel.Godalonecanforgive sins,andthroughthemeritsof JesusChristHedoesforgive sins.Buthedoesmorethan that.Hedelegatestoothersthe poWertoforgivesins.Ifyou willpermitmesuggesttoyou anexamplefromthecivilsocietyinwhichwelive,consider foramomenthowjusticeis administeredinthiscountry. Thepowertoadministerjustice residesintheSupremeAutho- rityofthestateorCommonwealth.Thispoweristhendelegatedtoindividualswhomwe calljudges.Inhisprivatecapacityascitizenajudgehaslittle moreauthoritythanhaveyou orI.Butasjudgehecancondemneitheroneofustosevere penaltiesshouldwebefound

ceedure,buthewillnot,Ithink hecannotsaythatitsusewill bringinfallibleresults.Ifhuman naturewererunwiththeclockworkprecisionofamachinea satisfactoryformulacouldbe workedouttomeetallcases. But,asweknow,humannature doesn'tworkthatway.Instead ofmachinelikeprecisionone hastodealwithprobabilities. Sothat,whilethemoralaspect canbestatedquitedefinitely, themedicalaspectadmitsofvariation,fortheaddedreason, thathumanloveisimpatientof theunnaturalrestraintofa timetable.

Sonothingisbeingwitheld fromyou"TwoSuspiciousBunnies."Nooneistryingtodeceiveyouwhenthe100%solutionyouseekisnotforthcoming. Yousayyoudonotrequireany replybasedonbiblicalquotation.MayIsuggestthatabiblicalandthereforemoreChristianapproachtothequestionis theveryoneyouneed.AsI havepointedoutthereasons youputforwardasforcingyou intothepresentdifficultyhave mysympathy,buttheyarereasonsbasedpurelyonhumanex_ pediencywithlittleornoreferencetothesublimevocationto whichGodhascalledyou.A littlemoreprayer,alittlemore biblicalknowledge,alittlemore confidenceinGodWouldmake yourmarriedlifeafuller,a h4ppierandyes.aholierthing.

NOWCHARGES.

guiltyofsomecrime.Youwould hardlydenytoGodthisvery samepowerofdelegatingautho_ rity.wouldyou?Well,Our Lord,onaverysolemnoccasion recordedinSt.John'sGospel didpreciselythat.ToHisApostlesgatheredaroundHimHe said"AstheFathei'hathsent me,Ialsosendyou."WhenHe saidthisHebreathedonthem; andHesaidtothem:"Receive yetheHolyGhost.Whosesins youshallforgivetheyareforgiventhem,andwhosesinsyou shallretaintheyareretained."

Unlessyouwishtorobthis wholeceremonyandthewords ofChristofanyrealmeaning, youmustadmitthatHethereby conferredontheApostlesatrue powertoforgivesinsand throughthemontheirsuccessors.Itwasobviouslyapower tobeexercisedwhenChristians appliedforforgiveness.Catholicsdothatwhentheygoto confession.Youpitytheirblindness.Buttheirsisatleasta blindnessthatpermitsthem readaplainmeaningintoplain words.Fortheyarewordsthat requirenoexplanation-they speakforthemselves.They speakclearlyoftheforgiveness ofsin,ofpowertoforgivedelegatedbyChristtoothers.They speakmoreoverofpowerto forgiveortoretain,fromwhich itisobviousthatthereisquestionofpassingjudgmentand givinganauthoritativesentence whichwouldberatifiedin heaven.Moreoverasthemento whomthepowerwasbeing givenwerenotmindreadersit wasandremainsclearthatthe sinstobeforgivenorretained wouldhavetobeconfessedby theonewhowasseekingforgiveness.Fromallofwhichwe maysaywithcertaintythat fromthewordsquotedCatholic beliefisonsuregroundand theriteofConfessionaspractisedbyCatholicsisasChrist ordained.Our"PembertonListener's"nextquestiondeals withBaptism.Herearehis words:

BORNAGAIN.

Peopletaketheirchildren toChurchtobeBaptisedbelievingtheyshallgoto Heaven.Poorblindpeople. BaptismwhichChristpreach_ edisImmersed(sic),thatis buriedwithChristandrisen tothenewnessoflife.Ican't findinfantBaptisminthe wholeoftheBible,sowhy doesmanmakesuchfoolish laws?

A.:Whateverotherpeople maydo,Catholicstaketheir childrentoChurchtobebaptised,believingthatBaptism isa Sacrament,i.e.,visiblesigninstitutedbyChrist whichproducesaspiritual,a supernaturaleffectinthesoul. Thisspiritualeffectistheintroductionintothesoulofanew life-thelifeofgrace.There isasmuchdifferencebetweena baptisedpersonandanunbaptisedoneasthereisbetweena livingmanandacorpse,because thereisthedifferencebetween thepresenceandtheabsenceof supernaturallife-alife,ofsuch awonderfulkindthatitisextremelydifficultforustounderstandandappreciateitasitdeserves.

Thisnewlifegivestothe baptisedpersonnewpowers, justasanimallifegivespowers whichdonotbelongtoplant life,andhumanlifegivespowerswhichamereanimalhasnot got.Hegetsanewknowledge ofGod,andbecomescapableof believinginHim,trustingHim, andlovingHiminanewand higherway.Hebecomescapableofactsofvirtuewhich,becausetheyaresupernatural,like thelifefromwhichtheyspring, haveacharacterandworth,in themselvesandintheeyesof God,thatareentirelydifferent fromthoseofactsthatare merelynatural.Healsobecomescapableofmeritinganin-creaseofthegiftofgraceanda fullersharinginthedivinelife throughouteternity.

SONSOFGOD.

Thebaptisedpersonisbrought intoanewrelationshipwith JesusChrist,beingincorporated intoHisMysticalBodyandgivenashareinHislife.Bythis newlifehebecomesachildof Godinanewway,also.He isalreadyachildofGod,becauseheisacreatureofGod, butBaptismgiveshim,withhis newlife,anewsonship.Christ isnow,inSt.Paul'swords, "firstbornofmanybrothers andsisters.HeisSonby nature.Thenewlybaptised becomesachildbyadoption.By thisadoptionGodmakesofHis creaturesintheinspiredwordof St.Peter,"sharersinthedivine nature."Bythisadoptionthe baptised,inthewordsofSt. John,arenotmerelycalled,but actuallyare,thechildrenof God.

Thisnewmembershipof God'sfamilyandfellowship withChristnotonlybringsthe baptisedclosertoGodand makesthemdearertoHim:it alsogivesthemasharein Christ'srightsandinheritance. TheybecomeHisco-heirs,as St.Paulsays.Andsoitis, throughthegraceofBaptism, thatsoulscanbesaved-thatis thatasoulcanclaimaright totheopenvisionofGod,anda placeinHishomeforever.All thisinvolvestheremissionof originalsin;towhichwemay havetimetoalludelater.

That,"Listener,"isthebelief oftheCatholicwhobringshis childtothechurchtobebaptised. YouhavemisunderstoodCatholicbeliefinthematterofthe

SacramentofBaptism.More thanthat,youquarrelwiththe Catholicriteorceremonial.Baptism,yousay,isimmersed(I amusingyourownwords),that isburiedwithChristandrisen againtothenewnessoflife."I fancyyouhaveinmindSt. Paul'swordstotheRomans (VI-4):"ForweareburiedtogetherwithHimbybaptisminto death;thatasChristisrisen fromthedeadbythegloryof theFather,sowealsomaywalk inthenewnessoflife."Sofac istheApostlefromdenyingthe externalriteofBaptism,heis actuallyusingitincomparison withthedeathandburialofOur Lordtoshowtohisdisciples thatinBaptismsinisforgiven, butnotonlysin,foraswellall thepenaltiesduetosinareobliterated.Thishasbeenthe constantteachingoftheChurch, andherpracticehasbeentouse theexternalritewhichsignifies theblottingoutofsin.

NOTINBIBLE.

Yousay,"Listener,"youcan't findinfantbaptisminthewhole oftheBible.Thatsurprises noone.Foritisnotthere-at leastexplicitly.However,if youreadwiththeeyesunblindedbyprejudice,Ithinkyou mightseethatitispossiblethat itismentionedindirectly.In manyplacesitissaidthatwhole familieswerebaptised.Isit

toomuchtoexpectthatthere wereinfantsinsomeofthem,at least? Again,OurLord's words,"Unlessamanbeborn againofwaterandtheHoly Ghost,hecannotenterintothe KingdomofGod,"areofgeneralapplicationtoyoungaswell astoold.OnemightalsoremarkthattheJewishriteof Circumcision,whichwaspreeminentlythetypeofChristian Baptism,wouldhaveforeshadowedtheSacramentvery imperfectedlyindeed,ifchildren oftheNewTestamentweredeniedthemeansofforgiveness oforiginalsin-aprivilege whichwasgrantedtothechildrenoftheOldTestamentJews. Ienjoyedyourletter,"Listener." Ihopeyouhavegot somethingfrommyreply.Do trytoseethatpeoplewhodisagreewithyoudosonotbecausetheyareblind.Whatevertheirbelief,itisbasedon somefoundation.Catholicsbelievethattheirsisbasedon truth.

'ContinuedonPagepro

LANDANDESTATEAGENT. G.

Tracey,

MadmanWithAKnife

ByEDWARDDUFF.

Themajority-62percentofnon-CatholicAmericansociologiststhinkthatsterilisationis "sociallybeneficial."Theinformationcamefromasurvey ofthethinkingofthenon-CatholicmembersoftheAmerican SociologicalSocietyreportedby Dr.C.S.Mihanovitchin"America"recently.Thereplywas nottoosurprising,sinceonly29 percent.ofthemembersreplyingtothequestionnaireadmit toabeliefinGodasaPersonal Being.

Moreominousstillistheopen advocacyofsterilisationinthe augustpagesofthe"Journal"of theAmericanMedicalAssociation.ClarenceJ.Gamble,M.D. -whohasostensibytakenthe OathofHipporcrateswithits promisetohealandnottohurt -reportsprogressintheNovember12issueinanarticleon "PreventiveSterilisation in 1948."

"PROGRESS."

Dr.Gambledefineshisterms. "Surgicalsterilisation,"he writes,"byexcisionofaportion ofthefallopianorspermatic tubesisaformoflong-range preventivemedicinewhichdecreasesthenumberofchildren inheritingpsychosisormental deficiency."Heconcludesthat themajorobstacletothegrowth ofthepracticeisalackof knowledgeonthepartofthe publicofthenatureoftheoperation.Leteveryphysicianexplainthesurgicalprocedure,Dr. Gambleurges,tothoseofthe laitywithwhomhehascontact. Then"protectionofthenext generationfromtheinheritance ofpsychosisandmentaldeficiencywillbecomemorecomplete."

Moderneugenics,towhichDr. Gamblelendshisenthusiasm, sternsfromtheEnglishman, FrancisGalton.Inthehigh eraof"Dawnism"inScience andfaithinthefableofunlimitedProgress,Galtonwantedto

improvethe"bulldogbreed"of VictorianBritisherforitshistoricdestinytoruleoverpalm andpinethelesserbreedswithoutthelaw.Hisinspiration fecundatedinthiscountrythe AmericanEugenicsSocietywhichhasalsobeenactivein agitationfortherestrictionof immigration.Theworldof 1949haslearnedtodoubtthat imperialismandisolationismare "sociallybeneficial."Theworld of1949,beingsentimentalinits moralappraisals,isstillconfusedbyalotoftalkabouteugenics.Besides,ithasn't,much information.Dr.Gambleisto bethankedforoccasioninga remedyingofthatlack.

AMERICANVENTURE.

OurAmericanventureineugenicsterilisationatgovernmentexpensebeganinIndiana in1907.To-daytwenty-seven Stateshavesuchlawsontheir statutebooks.Undertheselaws 49,207menandwomenhave hadtheirreproductivepowers mutilatedinexpectationofthus derceasingthenumberoffuture mentaldefectives.California, as"America"reportedafew yearsago("Am.",10/6/45,p. 8)hasusedthelawmostextensively,supplying19,042casesto thetotal.Outofevery100,000 ofitspopulation,Delawaresterilised11.4in1948.NorthDakota,NorthCarolinaandIowa followedonthelistwithdecreasingpercentages.In1948, of1,336legalsterilisations,insanitywasthegroundsin28per centofthecases,feeble-mindednessin67percent.

Dr.Gamblethinksthisrecord isdisappointing.Thepaceof theoperations,hecomplains,is notkeepingupwiththeincrease ofthepopulationofourmental institutions.

CRACKPOTTHEORIST.

Likethesociologistswhom Dr.Mihanovitchpolled,the AMA"Journal's"authorityhas nomoralscrupleonthesubjectofcompulsorygovernmen-

talsterilisation.OliverWendellHolmes,whosemischievous influenceunanchoredlawfrom anyphilosophicalprinciples,reassuredhim.Ina1927Supreme Courtdecision(Buckv.Bell)

Holmeswrote: "Itisbetterfortheworld if,insteadofwaitingtoexecutedegenerateoffspringfor crimeortoletthemstarvefor theirimbecility,societycan preventthosewhoaremanifestlyunfitfromcontinuing theirkind.Theprinciplethat sustainscompulsoryvaccin-

*

-

ofNazibrutalitybasedonthe madnessofracial"purity."It isdisturbingtolearnthatJapan -withAmericanoccupationauthoritiesbeamingapproval-has re-establisheditseugenicsterilisationlaws,verballycopied fromtheinfamousNazilegislationtoinsureabetterAryan "stock."

Itisdishearteningtoseea medicalmagazinelikethe "Journal"presentingfigureson thecostofcustodialcareofthe mentallyillasanargumentfor sterilisation.Arewenextto

EDWARDDUFFclaimsthat Eugenicsaddictsmustlookfurther iftheyhopetogainanythingmore thanareputationforfeeble-mindedness.Indeed,judgingfromtheir arguments,theyshouldthemselves beearlyinthequeuefor"treatment."

tionisbroadenoughtocover cuttingthefallopiantubes. Threegenerationsofimbeciles areenough." Suchlogicshouldfindthe"principle"broadenoughtocover theamputationofthehandofa pickpocket.

Indeed,thelatteractionwould bemoredefensible.Forapickpocket,adjudgedguiltyofa crime,isproperlysubjectto punishment.Imposedasapunishment-forinstance,onsex criminals-sterilisation,though intheoryjustifiable,isuseless inpracticeandunproportioned. Asadeterrentitisineffective. Inflictedonthosewhoseonly "crime"ismentaldeficiency, sterilisationisamanifestinvasionofaperson'srighttobodily integrity.

'WAREBOOMERANGS.

Howprimitive,howflatly false,wasHolmes'understandingoftheoperationofthelaws governingtheinheritanceof parentalcharacteristics,weshall seelater.Howexoticwashis logicmaybediscernedinanotheroftheargumentsheemployedintheBuckcaseforthe permissibilityof compulsory statesterilisation.Heheld:

"Wehaveseenmorethan oncethatthepublicwelfare maycalluponthebestcitizensfortheirlives.Itwould bestrangeifitcouldnotcall uponthosewhoalreadysap thestrengthofthestatefor theselessersacrifices. ." TheveriprableJusticeispatentlyconcludingthatifthestate candraftcitizensfortheArmy itcanproperlysterilisethe feeble-minded.Heisbravelyundeterredindrawingsuchaconclusionbythememoryofthe extendedtraininggiventherecruittoenablehimtoprotect himselfandcomesafelythrough thebattle.SurelytheJustice, himselfaCivilWarveteran, musthaverecalledthatthe Armyprovideselaboratemedicalfacilitiestoinsurethesoldier'sgoodhealthorhisrapid recoveryfromwounds.The officialnotificationofourgovernmenttothebereavedparents ofthedeadsoldierannounces themelancholyfactthat,despite allourefforts,theirsonhas beenkilled.Thenationdoesn't senditsyouthtobattlewiththe intentionthattheybeslain.It draftscitizensforthenational defence,instructsthemtodestroytheenemyandhopesand workstobringeachsoldiersafelyhome.IncompulsoryState sterilisation,thegovernmentintendsthemutilationofacitizen. Itarrangesitdeliberately.It inflictsthedamagebydeclared intention.

ROMESPEAKS.

"Publicmagistrateshaveno directpoweroverthebodiesof theirsubjects."Sincethat moraljudgmentwasspokenin theencyclical"CastiConnubii" onDecember31,1930,thecivilisedworldhasmetthethreat

Dobzhansky,ofColumbiaUniversity?Theirbooksasserts:

"Thehereditaryendowment whicheachofushasisstrictlyhisown,notpresentin anyoneelse,unprecedentedin thepastandalmostcertainly notrepeatableinthefuture. Abiologistmustassertthe absoluteuniquenessofevery humanindividual.Thissame assertion,translatedintometaphysicalandpoliticalterms isfundamentalforbothethics anddemocracy."

AMUSINGSIMPLICITY.

DunnandDobzhanskyare amusedatthescientificsimplicityofthespeakerattheInternationalCongressofEugenics,heldinNewYorkin 1932,whodeclaredthat thereisnoquestionthata sterilisationlaw,enforced throughtheUnitedStates, wouldresult,inlessthanone hundredyears,ineliminating atleast90percent.ofcrime, insanity, feeblemindedness, moronismandabnormalsexuality,nottomentionmany otherformsofdefectiveness anddegeneracy.Thuswithinacentury,ourasylums,prisonsandStatehospitalswould belargelyemptiedoftheir presentvictimsofhumanwoe andmisery.

seeapleaforeuthanasiaasa solutiontothefinancialburden ofseeingafterthecareofthe chronicallyill,aproblemthat hasengagedthedevotedefforts ofAMATrustee,JamesR.Miller,M.D.?Societyhasitsburdens,imposedbyourcommon collaborationtoachievethe commongood,whichcannotbe sloughedoffbyimmoralexpedients-likesterilisation.

Finally,itisdiscouragingto encounterapersistentlynaive faithineugenicsinaprofessionalpersonsuchasDr.Gamble.Hashenotheardthatthe moreimportantheritabledefects,includingfeeble-mindedness,arefromrecessive,not dominant,genesinthechromosomes?Establishedscientific evidencedeclaresthatthevast majorityoffeeblemindedchildrenaretheoffspringofparents whowere"carriers,"perfectly normal,evensuperior,people withasingledefectivegene. Thisgene,whenmatchedwith asimilargenefromanother carrierinthesamepartofthe chromosome,resultsinthebirth ofafeeblemindedchild.

STUDYNEEDED.

Ourscientificknowledgeof hereditystemsfromtheexperimentoftheCatholicmonk, GregoryMendel,whodiscovefedtheexistenceof"genes," thusoverturningthemythsof hereditybasedon"blood"and racefavoured,apparently,by Mr.JusticeHolmesandcertainlybymanyeugenists.Genes, itisnowknown,arereal,discreteparticlesinthechromosomes,livingentitiescomparabletotheatomsthechemists hadjustdiscovered.Chromosomesaresmallbodiesinthe cellcontainingthegenes,the unitsofheredity. ApparentlyDr.Gambleisignorantofthefindingsofthe lateDr.H.S.Jennings,withthe possibleexceptionofthelateT. H.Morgan,America'smostoutstandinggeneticist.Inhis "BiologicalBasisofHuman Nature,"Jenningswrote:

"Iftheproportionoffeeblemindedinthepopulation isoneperthousand,todecreasethatproportiontoone pertenthousandwillrequire aboutsixty-eightgenerations ortwotothreethousand years,ifitisdonemerelyby stoppingthepropagationofall feeblemindedindividuals." WillDr.Gambleyieldtothe JohnHopkinsauthority?Ishe impressedbytheviewofProfessorH.J.Muller,oftheUniversityofIndiana?Hashe read"Heredity,RaceandSociety"byL.C.DunnandTh

TheColumbiaUniversitygentticistS,bothmembersoftheNationalAcademyofSciences, pointoutthatevenpersonswith adominanthereditaryaffliction (andremember,themostimportanthereditarydefectsare fromrecessivegenes)slip throughthesterilisationdrag net.Only10percentofall personsinheritingadominant genefordiabetes,forexample, actuallydevelopthedisease. Huntington'schorea,another productofadominantgene, doesncimanifestitselfuntil relativelylateinlife,afterthe genehasalreadybeenpassedon tothenextgeneration.Some hereditaryabnormalities,moreover.suchasMongolianidiocy, dependupontheirinteraction betweenmorethanonegeneand someenvironmentalcondition.

WHYNOTCURES?

Andasfordefectswhichare causedbyrecessivegenes,which Showonlyincertainenvironmentsoraredependentontwo ormorerecessivegenespresent inthesameindividual,"very littleisaccomplishedbysterilisingevenallthedefectivesina singlegeneration."Suchisthe judgmentoftheauthorsof "Heredity,RaceandSociety." "Themaindifficulty,"theyexplain,"withdefectiverecessive genesis,asweknow,thatindividualswhocarryasingle doseofsuchagene(heterozygotes)donotshowthedefect." Thenthereistheinexplicable factorof"mutation"-genes changingfrom'normaltodefectiveandadverselyaffectinginheritance.Thereisnobiologicalradarequipmentenablingustospot"carriers"ofdefectiverecessivegenesoranticipatemutationsandthus schedulesuchcontaminatorsof societyforsterilisation."Finally,"sayDunnandDobzhansky, letusnotforgetthattreatmentsmayandprobablywill relieveorcancelthemanifestationsofhereditarydefects, asinsulinrelievesthemanifestationsofhereditarydiabetes.

CONSISTENCY?

Thereisoneenormousmystery intheAMA"Journal"article. Whyshouldthemedicalprofession,whichlookswithsuch horroronStateinterventionin theformofpayrollcollections forapublichealthinsurance programme,beexpectedtoview withequanimity-evenwith enthusiasm-theominousinterventionoftheStateintheinalienablerightoftheindividual tobodilyintegrity?Doesit makeadifferencewhoseoxis gored?Orwhosebodyismutilated?Orwhosepocketbookis hit?--America."

CASUALWHITE-ANT

ANALTERNATIVETOTHE "SHOT-GUNACT"INWATERFRONTTROUBLES.

ByANDREWBOYLE.

ItwasastrangesensationsittingoppositethelittleFrench docker-priestinthatsunless roomatDieppe,listeningtohis ownaccountofanation-wide missionaryenterprise,thefamous"MissiondeFrance,"which forsheerboldnessandvisionary directnesshasnoparallelinthe Westernworld.Icouldnot takemyeyesoffhistiredbut animatedface:thefaceofa middle-agedmaninsteadofthat ofayoungmanof28.Inits prematurelinesandunhealthy yellowtingeIrecognisedthe tolltakenbymonthsofbackbreakingphysicaltoilamong theport-workersofLeHavre. Hiseyes,however,toldanother story:astoryoffaithandlove andperseveranceinamission whichattheoutsetwasalready alostcausefromanyhuman standpoint.Watchinghim,I hadaskedmyself:"Whatcan threeorfourmenlikethatdo totoucheventhefringeofthe 18,000dockersandsailorsin thatgreatFrenchport?"Then Icaughthisglanceoncemore, andIknew. ThecitizensofDieppe,his birthplace,wherehehadreturnedtorecuperate,hadnot yetgrownaccustomedtoFather Doleslayman'sclothes.Aswe strolleddowntoLaGrandeRue, severalofthemnoddedthen turnedandstaredatthesandals,thecheapcalicotrousers, thenavy-bluebattledress-style blouse,whichwerehis"Sunday-best."Hewascompletely unselfconscious.Morethan that,heconfidedthathefelt proudofagarbwhichsethim apartevenmoreconspicuously thanthesoutanehehadtaken attonsure.

BADGEOFHONOUR

"Myoutfitisthebadgeofmy work."hesaid."Iliveasa dock-worker. Ilabourand takemyleisureamongdockworkers-suchleisureasIget. Ilodgeinacoupleofsmall roomsintheharbourarea,payingformykeepoutofwhatI earn.Andeverything,thework Idowithmyhands,therestI needbutseldomgetwhenthe dayisover,thecompanionsI makeandmeetintheholdsof shipsoronthestreetsofthe waterfront,everythingforms partofthisnew,revolutionary priestlywork. IamnotplantedlikeaCommunistmilitantto ropeinconvertsortotalkback intotheChurchsomeofthedechristianisedsoulswhohave longleftandlearnttodespise her.No,theessentialproblem isbroaderbyfar.Iamthere asakindoflivingextensionof theChurch.Foronlybyidentifyingherselfwiththepaganisedmassesandtheirproblems tothepointofsharingtheirexistencecanbeChurchhopeto bringbackChristwhereHebelongs."

"Therewasastreakofthe fanaticinFatherDole.Hewas onfirewithdevotiontohis thankless,exhaustingduty. Thoseeyesofhisburntwithan almostunnaturalbrilliance.Only afterwardsdidtheheadcurate fromthelocalparishchurch explain:"Ofcourse,FatherDole isaverysickman.Youcan't workfor20hoursaday,combiningtheheavyphysicallabour ofadockerwiththesacramentalchargeofapriest,without expectingtocrackupsooneror later.Wethoughthewouldn't recover.He'sbeenrecovering forthelastthreemonths,but allthetimehe'sstrainingtobe back.Thatmaybethetroublewithsomeoftheyounger ones.Theydon'tknowwhere tostop."

PRESUMPTUOUSCRITICS

Ihadreadandpresumptouslywritteninthepastaboutthe celebrated"MissiondeFrance." BritishCatholics,inthemain, areaninsularandsometimes arrogantbodysofarastheposi- tivelinesofCatholicActionoutsidetheirowntightlittleisland areconcerned.Afew,itistrue, havebeendeeplystirredbythe uncompromisinglydaringcharacterofthisfrontalattackon neo-paganismorganisedbythe HierarchyofFranceandledby ahandfulofpickedpriests.But others,andtheyareprobablyin themajority,haveshakentheir

headswithdisapproval."Surely,"ranthemostfrequently voicedobjection,"itisforanactivelaitytochallengetheindifferenceandhostilityofthelapsedCatholicsinFrance.The priestcan'tdotwojobssuccessfully.Besides,onceheisknown asapriesthisefficacyceases.He becomesasortoffifth-columnist.And,ifheisnotactually hinderedinhisalreadysuperhumantask,hewillbeostracised.'' Therewasanothersource'of suspicion,too,ascomplacent BritishCatholicstheorisedabout thisextraordinaryexperiment

Hetoldmehowhardithad beensettlingdowntotheroutineofadaywhichstarted aboutfiveinthemorning,carriedhimthroughtheheavy tasksallottedtohiswork-gang untilevening,whenhesaid Mass,andendedaboutmidnight afteranapostolic"night-out" withdocksidecolleagues. I wasintriguedbythesecasual nocturnaleffortstobuildupthe confidenceandrespectofmen whohadlongsincefallenaway fromthepracticeofthereligion inwhichtheywerebaptised. Heobviouslyregardedthose hoursofso-calledleisureasthe richestandmostpromisingof all."Oneeveningitmightbe adrinkandagameofbilliards; another,avisittothecinema. Soonerorlater,thesecompanionswouldshowcuriosityand interest.Youmustunderstand,

toeverycommunityofmen... Itisn'tamatterofconversion butoftestimonyandteaching. Conversionisapersonalmystery oflove andtheapostolate doesnotconsistinprovoking mentorespondtoGod'sloveby subtlety,pressureorsurprise. nothingismoreobnoxiousto ourcontemporariesthanastrategyofconquestofwhichthey feeltheyarethetarget....And becausetheChristianwayof lifeispossibleonlyinthe Church,itistheChurch'sduty tobetrulyonthespotandat onewiththepeopleinthat spot....Thedangerforthe Churchispreciselyinbelieving herselfestablishedinagiven countryorsphereoflifebecause thereisahierarchy,aclergy, churchesandvariousformsof goodworksandactivites.... Therealproblemsoftodayare notconfinedtothelocality:they aretobefoundinthethorough-

withabalance-sheetoffacts andfigures."Thereisnobalance-sheet.Mypresencethere asapersonacceptedbymen whomtheChurchseemedto haveby-passedisenough.As AbbeHollande,Superiorofthe ParisMission,onceputit:`Irefusetospeakofresults.We shallseethoseinthreehundred years'time'!" WhatwasItomakeofthis ardent,tenselittlemanwho wasstillpresentinspiritamong theworkershehadhadtoquit tillhisbodilystrengthreturned? Washedrawingthelong-bowa bit,andwasIsomewhattoo impressionable?Anyway,what hadtheproblemsofFrance,thatnominallyCatholiccountryas fullofsinandsanctityinthe midtwentiethcenturyasitever hasbeen,todowiththemuch moreprosaicsituationconfrontingCatholicsinProtestant landslikeBritainandtheUni-

goingonbeyondtheEnglish Channel."Whathavethe Frenchtoshowforthisheroic work?Howmanyconversions havetherebeensinceitbegan?

Ifitisreallynecessary,isit reallysucceeding?"Irememberedtheseandothercriticisms asIlistenedtoFatherDole speakingthatafternoon.Iset myrough-and-readyunderstandingofthe"Missionde France"againsthisgraphic, vividdescriptionofitstruemethodsandgoal.AndIquickly sawhowfarastrayBritishinsularitycanleadeventhereasonablywell-informedCatholic. Iwasnotsurprisedorhurt, therefore,whenheremarked suddenly,withanuncontrollablygaysmile:"Forgivemy sayingso,butyou'dthinkEnglandwas22,000andnotamere 22milesawayfromFranceat thenearestcrossingpoint."

TRAINING

OnlythreeyearsagoFather Dolewasordainedpriest.He completedhiscourseintheology atLisieux,andfromhiswords Icouldonlyconcludethathis stayinwhathasbecomethe newnationalseminaryof Francewasahappybutintensiveperiodofformation.Heused astrikingphraseofhisownto sumuphisdominantimpression: "Theyarere-thinkingtheology inFrancethesedays."Hewas referringtothestrategyandtacticsofCatholicActionandto thepenetratingwayinwhich theTruthsoftheChurchare beingtaughtandappliedtothe cryingneedsofmodernFrance. "Studentsattendlecturesand sitexaminationsasbefore,but thereseemstobeasenseofurgencyandrealitythatinspires everyone.Mindyou,itwasn't onlythefuturepriest-workers whowerecateredforwhenI wasatLisieux.Thewhole courseofstudywasdesigned withthisemphasisonpractical methodforthepriestsearmarkedtocarryoutthetraditional parochialdutiesaswellasfor thespecialists.Wegradually cametoappreciate,whilewe werestilltraining,howourseparateroleswererelated,sothat lateronweshouldbeableto understandeachother'sproblemsandco-operateclosely wherepossible."

EXERCISES

Beforeordination,small groupsofstudentsweregivena foretasteofthefuturebygoing outtoworkforanentireyear asminersorfactoryhands.The mostexperiencedorganisersand authoritiesinthefieldofCatholicAction,clericalandlay, addedthebenefitoftheirknowledgeandskilltothelessons theseseminaristswerelearning. AndOrdinationDaywasthe signalforadvancingintoa worldwithaplanofcampaign inmindandthefruitsofbattletrainingalreadybehindthem. ThatwasFatherDole'senthusiasticsummaryoftheLisieux systemasithadaffectedhim andhiscontemporaries.Iwas awarethathehadleftmuchunexplained. Questionswere tremblingonthetipofmytongue.YetIleftthemunasked. Iwascatchingsomeofhisinfectiousfire;andthechallengingspiritof adventurethisgreatpriestly -meticulouslyplan- ned-appearedtomeatthetime morepreciousandmoreimport- antthan themselves.thedetailedplans

too,thatthefacultiesand'permissions'grantedtopriestworkersbytheBishopsarevery wideindeed.Inasense,we havebeengiven'carte-blanche.'

"Ihadbeendrawingmypay forsomeweeks(40dollarsa month)andhadgraduallybeen gettingthefeelofmydouble rolebeforeIfounditusefulto announcethefactthatIwasa priest.Theeffectonthetwo youngmentowhomIdisclosed my'secret'waselectrifying.At firstneitherofthemwouldbelieveme.Theirincredulity nextgavewaytomystification. What,theywantedtoknow,was itallabout? Ihadlongbeen awaitingthismoment. Iwas ready. IexplainedwhyIhad beensenttoworkwithmy hands,sidebysidewithpeople likethemselves.Gently,in ordernottostirtheirlatentresentmentatmyapparentlyun- derhandtactics,Iunburdened thelessonsthathadbeendrummedintomeatLisieux.The pairdidn'tsaymuchbefore leaving;andforthenexttwo daysIwasontenterhooks.Presently,however,Irealisedthat Ihadchosenmymomentwell. Itwasallroundthewharf whereIworkedthat'Doleisa priest';andmostofmycolleag- uesstilltreatedmeasoneof themselves.ThebarrierIfeared mosthadbeencleared."

LITTLEBYLITTLE

Atfirst,FatherDolesaidhis eveningMassinsolitarystate. Thenoneortwoneighbours startedtoturnup,Ashemovedmoreandmoreabouthis fluidparish,knownnowasa priest,thenumbersslowlygrew. Evenso,hewasnotimmediatelyconcernedaboutthepurely sacramentalsideofhismission. Therewerenoconversions,no spectaculargainsamongthe lapsed.Tobesure,afewwho hadslid,throughapathy,into neglectoftheirreligiousduties begantomendtheirways.But, hesaid,"Mymainpurpose,paradoxasitmaysound,wasto strengthenthevisiblehuman tiesthatmytoilasaworker wascreating.Thatremainedmy constantpreoccupation.Conver_ tingsoulstoChristinthat milieuwouldhavecalledfor heroicqualitiesthatIdon'tpossessandtimeIcouldnevercall myown.Anyway,Iwasn'tin theleastworriedaboutmyfailuretowinbacksoulscompletely andatonce.IfIhadbeenworried,Ishouldhavebeenturning mybackontherealspiritof thepriest-workers."

Fumblinginhiship-pocket, FatherDoleproducedaleaflet verylittlebiggerthanapostcard.Itwasoneofthosesimply expressedsummariesofCatholic teachingforwhichFranceis rightlycelebrated.Tidilysetout underitsnumberedheadings,in wordsoftwosyllables,wasa competentoutlineofthemeaningofCatholicActionforthe Franceof1949.Andonthe promenadeatDieppe,beneath thegrimshellsofbeachside hotelsguttedbyAlliedgunsin theill-starredwartimeassault onthetown,andstillunrepaired,thepriestsatdownona benchandopenedtheleaflet.

NOCONQUEST

Hebegantoreadselected passagesaloud:"TheChurch's missioncanbesummedupin thesefewwords:tomakethe Christianwayoflifepossible anddesirabletoeverymanand

faresofregionsnationsand internationalinfluences.New communitiesofmenhavedevelopedonfoundationsthatare notterritorial:yetthepresence oftheChurchhasremainedon thewholearestrictedterritorial presencewhichinmanycases correspondstonorecognisable dimensionofhumanactivity. ThatiswhytheChurch(in France)issooftenabsentfrom therealworld,althoughshe existseverywhereintheform ofparishes...."

AnearlierphraseofFather Dole'sfloatedbackintomy mind.This,nodoubt,wasan illustrationofwhathehadcalled:"Re-thinkingourtheology." ThewholeconceptoftheMissiondeFrance,andofevery otherbranchofFrenchCatholicAction,clericalandlay, wasnowassumingformea feasibleconvincingshape.The objectionsairedbyBritishand evenFrenchCatholics,whohad notbotheredtoacquaintthemselveswiththeunderlying motivesofthisintrepidand optimisticChristianoffensive, seemedsuddenlyidleandillconsidered.Charity,livedrather thanpreached,wasthemainspringofitsaction.

TRUELOVE

Thepriesthandedmethe leaflet:"Takeitawaywithyou. Itmayhelpyoutounderstand better."ThatleafletisopenbeforemeasIwriteatthismoment,andsomeonehadput downasignificantlineofheavy emphasisbesideaparagraph thatdealspreciselywiththe subjectofCharity,orLove.

"Thehighestformoflove consistsin'beingwith',in `beingwithin',andinaloyal sharingofthesamedestiny... Loveismorethangiving, thoughthatdefinitionisoften giventoit.Thereislovewhen Inotonlygivebutreceive; whenthereisexchange;when thereismutualenriching;dialogue;communion.Thereis lovenotonlywhenIdosomethingforsomeone,butwhenI dosomethingwithsomeone, whenIestablishaunitywith theotherperson.Andthatis exactlywhattheChurchasksof us.Shetellsus:donotpractise almsgivingbutlovetruly!'Be with'entirely!'Bewithin'!...

Inthesameway,wemustnot onlyprayfor,butwiththe worldwehavebecomepartof.

Andinorderthatourtotal presenceshouldbeanevangelicalwitnesstotheTruth,ourlife mustbeatoneandthesame timesimilaranddifferent.To 'bewith'fullyasChristianswill thereforedemandthatinalife whichistotallysimilartothat livedinourmilieu,weshould livebyFaith,HopeandCharity.

...Foreverymanisamember ofChrist,abrotherforwhom Christdied,abrotherwhohas aChristianvocationwhichperhapshedoesnotrecognisebut whichhemightbeabletolearn throughcontactwithme, throughthetestimonyofmy life,andthroughtheinfluence ofmyapostolate."

SEEKINGTHEFORGOTTEN

ItwasplainwhyFatherDole wasquiteundismayedbythe uphillworkthathadbrokenhis healthatLeHavre.Hedid admitto"onenotableconvertof recentdate"-aCommunistmilitantwhowas"lessofaCommunistandmoreofaChristian atheartthanheknow".Buthis intentionwasnottoimpressme

tedStates?Itwasnoteasyto giveaninstantanswer,thoughtheself-sacrificeandsanctityso evidentlydemandedofFather Doleandhispriest-workercolleaguesfranklystaggeredme.

Yetitwasrightandonlyna- turaltofeelhumblebeforethe testimonyofthismagnificent pioneeringworkforChrist,asit hadbeenunfoldedtomebyone ofthefewFrenchpriestsshar- ingitshardshipsandglories;it wouldhavebeenwrongtoallow myjudgmenttobeswayedby merepersonalenthusiasm.What movedmeintheendtoset downtherecordofthatilluminatingafternoon'sconversation withFatherDolewassomething whichwas multaneouslyhappeningalmostsiinBordeaux.A journalisticcolleagueofmine waskeepinganappointment withMonsignorMauriceFeltin, therecentlyappointedsuccessor to ArchbishopthelateCardinalSuhard, ofParisandfounder oftheMissiondeFrance:and, byanodd Archbishopcoincidence,thenew wasofficiallybury- ingprevailingdoubtsasto whetherthemovementhad outliveditsusefulness.

THESPECIALIST

"Thisspecialisedactionisir- replaceable",Mgr.Feltintold HenriBonet,ofthe"Catholic Herald",London."Forwithout itnobodywouldcarrythemes- sageofChristtothosewhoare ignorantofit.Butthepriest- workercanonlybetheexcep- tion-andthesearesomeofthe exceptionalqualitieshemust have:Astrongphysiqueto enablehimtofaceahardtask.Thisexcludesageingpriests.An intellectwhichreadilyappre- ciatestheattitudenecessaryin surroundingswhereeverything dependsontheinitiativeofthe priest-worker.Thisnecessary experienceexcludesthepriest whoisveryyoung...."(I thoughtagainofFatherDoleas Ireadthis.Only28,only2years ordained,heseemedtobean exceptioninanexceptional bandofpriests.Butthat perhapswasalsowhythe Dieppecuratehadcommented thattheyoungerones"didn't knowwheretostop")...."And finally,strongmorals,asthe priestislivingaloneinsurroundingswherethereareneitherfaithnormorals."

MonsignorFeltinconcluded withanallusiontotheparish, thetraditionalfocalpointof theChurchineveryageand place. whatItconfirmedandamplified FatherDolehadexpressed inhisown fashion:homelier,morefiery "Letusnotforgetthat theChurchisanorganisedsociety,ofwhichthecellisthe diocese,'atomised'bytheparish. Theparishcannotreachallthose whoworkinitsdomain....It isforCatholicActiontobring them,afterhavingChristianised them,totheparish."

SoweretheDoubtingThomasesanswered.Andwitheach passingdaycomesnewenergy tothatsick,boyishpriestImet atDieppe;energyhewillneed tostoreagainstthedaywhenhe vanishesagainintothesilence anddarknessofLeHavre.

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Twooldcronieshadn'tbeentoconfessionforyears,sotheydeviseda planwhichprovedtheyweren't

byJIMBISHOP

"Andfurthermore,"thelawyer said,"it'sfoolishtofightamatterlikethatincourtanyway.

Paythemanhissixteenbucks andforgetit.Forgetyourpride foronce."Thepoliticianthought itover,andhetoyedforamomentwiththetelephonewire.

"Okay,Johnny,"hesaid."You win.Ihopetheoldrobber chokesonthesixteenbucks, though."Thelawyerchuckled onhisendofthewire."Now you'reshowingsense,"hesaid. "HowaboutusseeingtheGiant andtheCubstomorrow?"The politicianshookhishead."No dice.ThemissusandIgotolate. Mass,andbythetimedinneris readythegameison. have toskipit."

"SpeakinfoflateMass,"the lawyersaid,"howlongisitsince you'vebeentoconfession?"

"Noneofyoitrbusiness," snappedthepolitician.

"Nowlook,"thelawyersaid. "We'reoldfriendsandwecan askthingslikethat.I'lltellyou whyIasked.Muggsyismaking herFirstCommunionaweek fromMondayandshe'sbeginningtoaskquestions."

"Whatkindofquestions?"

"Forsomesillyreason."the lawyersaidslowly,"she'sgunningforme.Shewantstoknow whyIdon'tgotoCommunion andwhyweemitgotogether, andsomebratinherclassatSt. Joseph'ssaysheroldmanis goingtoreceivewithhiskid onceamonth.Themissuslistenstoallthisguffandjust givesmealook."

"O.K.Howlonghaveyoubeen away?"

Thelawyerswallowedaudibly."TheBattleoftheBulge," hesaid."That'sgoingbackin history."

"Hmmm,"thepoliticiansaid. "Thatisalongtime.ButIcan makeyoufeelbetter,chum.For

meit'sbeenaneventenyears." "Yousure?"whisperedthe lawyer.

"SureI'msure.WhenIwasa kid,itwasahabittogotoconfessionandCommunion.Inthe pasttenyears,ithasbecomea habitnottogp.Dol*'taskme why.Stupidity.Neglect.Fearof censure.Laziness.It'sprobably' allofthosethings,mostlyfear ofcensure."

"Well,whatdoyousaywego, hah?"thelawyersaid."Maybe it'llchangeourluck.We'veboth beenonaslowdowngradefora longtimeandIguesswehaven't noticedit."

"Nowdon'tgoholyonme!" thepoliticiansaid."Icantakeit fromanybodybutyou.Iknow youtoowell."

"Who'sgoingholy?Look, Tim.Ijustwanttodotheright thing.I'vebeen)wrongfora longtimeandI'mgettingalittle sickofmyself,ifyouknowwhat Imean.AndGodknowsthat miserylikescompany.Sowhen MuggsybegantoworkonmeI thought:MaybeIcangetTim togowithme.That'sall."

"Allright.Johnny,"Timsaid slowly."Allright.I'llgo.Let's nottellthewomenawordabout it.Thenwecansurprisethem atMass.We'llwalkuptheaisle together.Thetwooldgoatswill dropdead."

"I'llmeetyouinfrontofyour houseataboutthree.Wecan driveovertoNewYorktosome strangeparish."

"Good,"Timsaid."Whatever priestgetsusisgoingtoheon insulinshocktreatmentsfora coupleofweeks."

"Seeyouatthree."

"Bye."

"Bye."

Atthreetheconspiratorsmeet infrontofTim'shouse.Both liveinasmalltowninBergen County,NewJersey,andboth areregardedassubstantialci-

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tizensandgoodfamilymen.

Johnnyhasonechild;Timtwo. Bothareaboutforty,andboth owntheirownhomes.Johnnyis mediumlytallandverybroad. Hisforeheadgetshigherevery day.Timisasleekcharacter

knewthat,nomatternowwisetheyworkedtheangles,the oneparttheycouldn'tfix, amend,adulterate,addto,or subtractfromwasthepart whichlaydirectlyahead.All theirteachingstoldthemthatit

YougodownheretowardLittle Ferryandthere'sanoldwooden churchwithahighstoop-St. Joseph's,Ithink.It'sPolish. Tim.PurePolishfromtopto bottom."Theybothbeganto grin."Noneofthemspeakaso-

ise

TwoVeryWMen

litarywordofEnglish.We're in."

Theyslappedeachotheron thebackandgotintothecar.It rolledawayfromSt.Francis' andturnedeast,thensouth. Theydidn'tspeakmuch.Once Johnnysaid:"WhenIthinkof allIhavetoconfess!Nineteen forty-fourfromnineteenfifty leavessixfullyears.Soifyou swearonlyonceaday-andmine goesintodozens-letmesee, now,threehundredandsixtyfivedaysayeartimessixmakes what-sixteenhundred,doesn't it?"

"Awshutup,"saidTim.

Theyparkedthecaracrossthe streetandwalkedupthehigh churchsteps.Therewasasmall altar,andacrossthealtarrailing inacupolaformwasabigsign. ItwasinPolish.Theylookedat eachotherandbeamed.

"Toldya,"Johnnysaid.Tim noddedhappily.Theysawaboy scrapingwaxfromvigillights.

"Where'sFather,Joe?"said Johnny.Thekidwasblond, abouttwelve."He'soutoftown," hesaid.Johnnylookedannoyed. "Anyotherpriestaround?"he said."Don'ttheyhearconfessionsonSaturdays?"Theboy shrugged."Sometimes,"hesaid vaguely,"FatherJolmwashere aminuteago.You'llfindhim intherectory."

withasplashofgrayalongthe sidesandalineoftalkcalculatedtocharmtherobinsoutof therosebushes. TheygotintoJohnny'snew carandstartedoff.Theyturned westtowardHackensack.

"Thoughtweweregoingto NewYork?"Timsaid.

Johnnynoddedwithpursed lipsasthecarswungarounda corner."Beengivingitsome thought,"hesaid."Nouseus beingapairofdopes.Theway Ifigureitiswe'reinforan awfullacingunlessweuseour heads.It'spossible,youknow, thatwe'llberefusedabsolution."

"Ohfine,"Timsaid."Youtalk meintothisthing,andnow we'regoingtobethrownoutof church.Let'sgobacktomy place."

"Nuts,"saidJohnny."Don't gosissyonme.We'reinthis thingnow;let'sseeitthrough. Whatcanthepriestsay?"

"Hecanhituswiththebook."

"Hecanhituswiththebook," mimickedJohnny."ThatIknow. I'vebeendoingalotoffiguring, andIheardthatthere'saplace overinHackensackcalledSt. Francis'.Theyhavemonks.I don'tknowtheorder,butthe chancesarethatthey'reFrench orsomethinganddon'tknowa wordofEnglish."Hesmiledat Tim."Catch?"

Timnodded.Hebrightened too."Say,"hesaid,"iftheynospeakathelanguage...say,that's allright,Johnny.Averybright idea."

"Iain'tbeenalawyerfornothing,"Johnnysaid."Yougotta figuretheangles.Godwillforgiveusforthislittledodge,and itwon'tsurprisemeabitifwe findsomeoldandverydear friendswaitinginlineatthe confessional."

St.Francis',inHackensack,is animposingchurchwitha belfrymidwayalongtheright side.Itismadeofbeigebrick anditsstepsarewideanddeep. Thecarwasparked,andthetwo verywisemengotout.

"Let'shaveadrinkfirst,"said Johnny."Nobodywouldwanta mantofacewhatIhavetoface withoutadrink."

"Look,"Timsaid."It'sbeen longerformethanithasforyou. TheBulge,ifIrecallit,wasDecember,1944orsomething.For meit'sallthewaybackto1939, andifI'mgoingtoconfessionit's goingtobeagoodone.IfI'm goingtohaveadrinkitwillbe rightafterconfession."

"Oh,"snarledJohnny,"gettingbrave,hey?" Theywalkedupthesteps. Theystartedlightlyandeasily, buttheywoundupslowatthe top.Itwas3.20p.m.Theinteriorofthechurchwasdimand theredlightsuspendedbefore thealtarlookedlikealiving ruby.Theymovedintoapew anddroppedtotheirknees.They

hadtobeagoodconfession, completelywithoutreservation, thattheirsorrowforpastsins mustbereal,andthatallofthis mustbeaccompaniedbyahigh resolvenottocommitsinagain.

Theylabouredovertheexaminationofconscience,and mightylabouritwas.Thenthey glancedaroundandsawlittle childrenaroundthesidesofthe confessional,waitingforthe priest. "Thisisterrible,"Timwhispered. "What?"saidJohnny. "Thekids.Thepriestwill haveawholehalfhouroflisteningtotheirtinyprattling, andthenwewalkinandkaboom!"

"Yeah,"Johnnysaid."We're goingtolookawfullousycomparedtothem."

"Wherearethemonkswith thewhiskers?"Timsaidhoarsely.

"Ihopetheynevercomeout," saidJohnny,climbingoutofthe pewandgenuflecting.They walkedoutslowly,asifthey didn'thaveacareintheworld. Oncetheygotintothesunshine, Timsaid:"Ithinkthedeckis stackedagainstusthere.Let's tryanotherchurch."

"Let'shaveadrink Johnnysaid.

first,"

"Afterward,"Timsaid."You know,whenthisthingisbehind us,we'rebothgoingtofeelso goodthatwewon'twantanythingtodrink-markmywords. I'minthisthingnow,andI've gottheitchtohaveitover with."

"Look,"Johnnysaid,snapping hisfingers."Whydidn'tIthink ofthatbefore?Youknowwhat?

JohnnysawaPolishpaperon asmalltable.Hehelditupto theboy."Canyoureadthis, Sonny?"Thekidlookedatthe manandbackatthepaper."Of course,"hesaid.Johnnygrinned fromeartoearandrubbedhis fingertipstogether."We'rein," hewhispered."We'rein."

Theywentoutthefront,down thelongsteps,andaroundthe sidetotherectoryentrance. Theysawalocalnewspaper foldedonthestoopandneither onewashitwithanysudden presentimentofdanger.Johnny pickeditupandrangthebell. Theywaitedafewminutes, hummingtothemselves,when thedooropened.Therewasa bigmaninsideinabluesport shirtandacrewhaircut-obviouslyacaretaker.Hewasanythingbutfriendly. "Here'syourpaper,"Johnny saidbrightly. Themantookitwithout thanksandsteppedaside.Both menwalkedin.Johnnyintroducedhimselfandintroduced Tim."WewanttoseeFather Johnaminute,"hesaidconfidently.

"Whatdoyouwanttoseehim for?"thecaretakersaid.

"Confession."

ThecaretakerpointedtoTim.

"What'shegoingtodo-listen?"

Johnnyhadhadenoughabuse fromamenial."Look,"hesaid, andhealwaysprefacesimportantenunciationswith"Look" or"NowLook.""Wecameto seeFatherJohnandgotoconfession.Anythingwrongwith that?"

"Notathing,"themansaid.

"I'mFatherJohn." Bothmenswayedalittle,al-

desirestoannouncethathehasnow enteredintopartnershipwith

Thursday,March30,1950. THERECORD PAGENINE thoughtherewasnobreezein thevestibule.Bothtwistedvery sicksmilesoutoftheirfaces.

"Oh-ho,"Johnnysaidfeebly, "you're"-hepointedfrantically,"you'reFatherJohn."He turneddeath'sowneyesonTim. "He'sFatherJohn,"hesaid. "Him." "Iheardhim,"Timsaid grimly.

"Nowyoutwojustgointhe church,andI'llbewithyouin twominutes,"FatherJohnsaid. "JustwaitformewhileI change."

Bothmenwentnumb.Their legsworkedbuttherewasno feelinginthem.Theytottered outoftherectoryanddownthe stonewalkandoutthroughthe gate:

"Ioughttomurderyouincold blood!"whisperedTimthrough grindingteeth."Theydon't speakawordofEnglish,do they?Well,wheredidtheyfind thisringerthen.He'saHarvard grammarianifIeverheardone. Hespeaksabetterbrandof EnglishthanIdo."

"Nowlook!"Johnnysaid. "We'reinitnow.Itisn'tmy fault.Wanttoduck?Wecanget inthecarandscrambeforehe knowsit."

"No,"Timsaidresignedly. "Notthat.We'reinitnowand we'llseeitthrough.Maybethis ispartofourpunishment,I don'tknow.ButIgetmadwhen IthinkthatIhadtohavethe servicesofacleverlawyerto getmyselfintothistrap.Dammit."

"That'sonemoreyouhaveto confess,"Johnnysaiddolefully. "Hedoesspeakprettygood English,doesn'the?"

"Speakit?Speakit?"Timrepeated."That'sbadenough, Lordknows.Hespeaksitlike Roosevelt.Butworsethanthat, he'saverytoughman.Even thatIcanstand,butinallyour lifehaveyoueverknowntwo boobswhoactuallyintroduced themselvestothepriestby namebeforegoingintotheconfessional?Wheredidyoupick thattrickup?"

"Goahead,squawk,"said Johnnyastheystartedupthe longstairsagain."We'retrappedgoodandthere'snothingwe candonowbutrun."

"We'renotrunning.IfMuggsywantsyoutoreceivewith her,andifmytwowanttosee theiroldmangouptothealtar railwithheadhigh,thismaybe ourlastchance.We'lltakethe shellacking.It'scomingtous, anyway."

Theywentintochurch.They kneltinseparatepews.The chipsweredownnow.They triedtoimpresseachotherby lookingoffblandlyatthe churchwindowsandthealtar decorationsastheyprayed.In fiveminutesFatherJohncame upthesideaisle,notglancingat eitherofthem.Hewentstraight intotheconfessional.

Timstood."I'llgoinfirst,"he said."Ican'tstandwaitingany longer."Hewalkedinfirmly andknelt.Hehadn'trealized howlongithadbeensincehis lastconfessibnuntilhesawthe opaqueglasswiththelittleholes init.Thelasttimehehadgone toconfession,theyhadused screens. Herelatedhissinsinalow, butclear,voice."Howlong?" thepriestsaidonce.Timrepeatedit."Allright,"thepriest said."Goahead."Timtookthem byCommandments,starting withthefirst,andwassurprised thatherememberedthem.Once thepriestsaid:"Goahead slowly.Nowdon'trush.You're notconfessingtomeanyway." theHisvoicegentled."It'sGod intheTabernaclewhoislistening."Atanotherpoint,hesaid: "I'mnotbawlingyououtandI

S.BEECROFT BUTCHER.

181ROKEBYRDSUBIACO. OnlyPrime,FreshKilledMeat Sold. Phone:W1373.

SQUATTERSAINT.

BYFR.ALANKEENAN,O.F.M.

Theremustbesomethingattractiveaboutbeingupthe pole.Pole-sitterspositively thriveinAmerica.Somedoit forendurance;othersorpublicity.Afractiondoitforfun. Nobodyseemstomind.

YetpeoplethinkSt.Simeon Styliteswasmadtositonapole forthirtyyears.Therearethe peoplewhoknowallabout tablesrisingatseancesand laughatthelevitationsofthe Saints.Theyaresophisticated aboutPapalinfallibilitybut hitchtheirwagontoasillyhoroscope.TheyscoffatthelegendsoftheSaintsandbelieve theadvertstheyreadinthe papers.Theyareverynaive. Theyarealsoveryboring.Let usleavethem. AsfarasIknow,nobodyever satonthetopofapolebefore SimeonStylites.Ifhewasnothingelse,hewasoriginal,and whenhefirstdiditinthefifth centuryeverybodywondered why.WhentheorthodoxDesert Fathersheardaboutitthey cameoutoftheircavestotell theinnovatorwhattheythought abouthim.Whentheysaid comedownfromthere,Simeon camedownlikeashot.Forhe wasnotattachedtohispole. Hehatedit.Furthermore,hehad noclearideawhathewasdoing upthere.Theonlythinghetdid knowwasthatGoddesiredit. Thatwasenoughforhim.It wasalsoenoughfortheDesert Fathers,forwhenheexplained aboutittheysenthimback again.Andbacktothetopof hispillarhewent. Psychoanalystsmustrubtheir handsatthethoughtofSimeon don'twantyoutogetexcited. It'samatterofDivineGrace thatyougothereatlonglast."

Atanotherpoint,hesaid:"Try todobetter.Youcanifyoutry." Thevoicewhichhadbeenso harshinthecaretakerwasas softasasummerbreezenow.:`I wantyoutojoinaHolyName Society.Getinit.Themenhave alotoffuntogether.Yougetin withyourownkindandyou haveyourownlaughsand maybealittlerefreshmentand there'snoharminit."And lastly,justbeforetheActof Contrition:"Iwantyoutodoa favorforme.IfIdiefirst,saya prayerforme.Ifyougofirst, I'llsayoneforyou."

Timfelthumbled.Hehad beenprepared,someway,to fightbelligerencewithbelligerence.Butcompleteforgiveness andgentlenesswerethingshe hadnotexpectedand,whenhe walkedout,histhroatwas chokedandhefeltclosetotears.

Johnnyfollowed.Hetriedto racethroughafewtrickyparts, butFatherslowedhimup.Towardtheend,thepriestsaid: "Ihavetogotoconfession,the sameasyou.Iunderstandyour weaknesses,andGodwillforgivethemifyoumakeyourselfa betterman.Andyoucan."

Timwaitedontopofthehigh stoop.Hewaspuffingacigarette.

"Say!"saidJohnnywhenhe cameout,"he'swonderful!That priestisamazing."

"Soamazing,"saidTim,"that we'rebothcomingbackherein twoweekstoreportinagain. Theleastyoucandoforaman asfineasheis,istocomeback andshowhimwhatimprovement,ifany,you'vemade.Iwish Ihadmethimtenyearsago. NowIdon'tknowwhatIwas scaredaboutallalong."

"Knowwhat?"Johnnysaid. "Heactuallyseemedgladthat wewerethere!That'sthething Ican'tunderstand."

"Waittillthefamilyseesusat Masstomorrow."

Theybothlaughedandstarted downfromthehighstairs. JohnnynudgedTim."There'll neverbeabettertime,"hesaid solemnly,"forthetwoofusto breakourfoolnecks."

"TheSign"

N.LOVELOCK

BASSENDEANBAKERY

BAKERandPASTRYCOOK,etc.

TEL.UL123. WESTROAD,BASSENDEAN,

FRANKJ.BOSWELL

SPECIALISTSIN-

HospitalEquipmentandSteamInstallations,HotWater Heating,Ventilating,SewerageWork,andGeneralPlumbling.

Cor.RUTHandWILLIAMSTS.,PERTH.Tel.:B2777. SuppliersofHospitalEquipmentandStainlessHospitalUtensils.

onhiscolumn.Alltheyhaveto doistostickacomplexonhim, leavehimonhiscolumnand dismisshimastoo,tooparanoidal.

Infact,weknowalotabout Simeon.WeowethisinformationtoamancalledTheodoret. Theodoretwasatravellinghistorianwholivedinthefifth century.Heiscalledahistorian butwasreallyareporter.For ifevertherewasamanwith anosefornews,itwasTheodoret.Heinterviewedheretics. Hewasathandwhenamiracle wasperformed.Hecouldsmell outheresiesandtrackdown DesertFathersandhehadseveralinterviewswithSimeon. Asaresult,hislifeoftheSaint hasafront-pagequality.He getsquiteexcitedaboutit.It wasascoop. Thesalientfacts,asgivenby Theodoret,areasfollows.Simeonwasafifthcenturymonk inaSyrianmonastery,imbued withthespiritofsolitudeand penance.Theformhispenance tookwassimple.Itconsistedin standingononespotforaslong aspossible.AtfirstSimeon founditdifficulttoremain awake.Soafteratimehebegan tostandonawoodenball.Ifhe fellasleep,hefellofftheball. Inhismonasticenclosurewasa stonecolumnsevenfeethigh. Fromthewoodenballitwasa naturaltransitiontothetopof thecolumn.Withholycraftthe Saintbeganpractisingstanding onothercolumnsnearbywhich werehigher.Afterseveralyears hewasabletograduatetoone whichwasninetyfeethigh. Thisheclimbedonaladder.It wasintheopenairandhisfellowmonksclimbedtheladder tobringhimfood.Onthispillar helivedforthirtyyears.Onit hedied. Hispillarwasatoncepulpit, judgmentseat,andcourtof appeal.Fromithepreachedto thepeople,settleddisputesand receiveddeputations.ForSimeonisafactofhistory.Bishopsconsultedhim.Embassies camefromtheEasternEmperors,TheodosiusII.,Martian andLeoI.AsTheodoretputsit: "Thismanwasknownasa wonderoftheworldtothe wholeRomanEmpire."People evencametohimfromEngland. OnecanimagineaLegionofthe Syriancommandtransferredto Britainandtellingofhimin theirbillets.

Youcanexplainthismanas aparable.Youcansaythatat thefootofhiscolumnflowed thetideofheresy.FromEphesuscameNestorianism.Outof Constantinopleflowedthesubtle doctrineofEutyches.Down fromtheNorthwererollingthe invadingwavesoftheGoths andtheVandals.Andabove themall,betweenheavenand earth,pointinglikeafingerto God,wasSimeononhispillar ofstone.

Isthatwhathewasthen?A parablethatearthwasunsteady andthatmanmustclimbto God?Ithinknot.

InallthesematterstheguidingprincipleisthattheHoly Spirit,broodingovertheMysticalBodyofChrist,raisesupin everyageSaintswhoexactly fitinwiththecurrentofthe time.Nooneissomodernas theHolySpirit.TheGentle WindofGodfansthedying embersinthecoldestplacesof theworldwhenlightand warmthareneeded.

Thinkaboutitamoment.In theEastwasallthatmoraldecadenceweassociatewiththe corruptanddecliningEmpire. Menlivedriotouslyandunnaturallyinthatfrenzyofadying age.Atsuchatimeonlythe spectacularcouldcatchtheeye.

Foronlytheweirdandwonderfulwereacceptedasnormal.

SoitwasthattheHolySpirit movedSimeonandthemany whofollowedhimtogivethis spectaculardisplayofasceticism andpenance.Scatteredoverthe faceofAsiathepole:=sitting asceticscaughttheeyelike giganticexclamationmarks. Theywerepropaganda.They wereadvertisements.Mensaw themandwondered.Someread thelesson.Othersdidnot.But atleastitcouldbesaidtoallYouhavebeenwarned.

ThePoleSitters,theSquatter Saints,wereperiodasceticsand theiruntenantedpillarsremain astheirstrangememorial.Simeon'spillarremains.amute epitaphtoalonelySaintwho satonhispillarofstonelikea winglessbirdtillGodtookpity onhimandcalledhimhome.

(Condensedfrom"TheFranciscan")

000104

Children'sCornet ft

DearCornerites

Justafewwordstoyouthis week,asspaceislimited. First,aremindertospend HolyWeekinareverentframe ofmind.Allamusements shouldbepostponedduring theselastsolemndaysofLent. Prayforthesuccessofthe Bushies'Scheme, DonationstotheBushies'Cornerarecomingforwardrather slowly.Iwouldbegladifyou coulddosomethingtorectify this.

Pleasewritealllettersinink -goodstrongink.Pencilwritingisveryhardtoread.

AUNTBESSY.

.RuntBessy's

LatlyofManyNames

fortheshatteredandshaking onesamongus.Indeed,no otherwomanhaseverreceived suchalitanyofpraiseasMary. Itrunsthroughabrilliant courseofcomplimentsandrests contentonlybydeclaringher queenofthearistocracyofthe universe.

I-I

6.1LETTERBOX

(Extractfromalongletterfrom GrandfatherandGrandmother, P.O.,Wagerup):

DearAuntBessy,-Herewe areagain,butwearenearly knockedupafterourlongtramp and,myword,itwashot.I wasafraidIcouldnotwriteto youanymore,but,thankGod,I amfeelingbetteragain. Iwas pleasedtoseethatyouwon yourtargetatChristmas;there mustbesomegoodSamaritans aboutyet.Oh,Aunt,Imust thankyouandtheothergreatauntsforyourkindChristmas greetingtous.Itwaskindof youbothtothinkofus.

Great-auntwaswonderingif wewereolderthanshewas. Yes,alittle.Grand-dadisin his90th.year,andI'minmy 88th.WearebothWestAustralians.IwasbornatNorth Perth,andgrand-dadatthe Canning.Sowehaveseen W.A.growingfromawildbush toclearedfarms,andcowsand clovereverywhere.Whenwe cametolivehere64yearsago thismonth,wehadnocowsof ourown,norcouldwebuymilk, astherewasnoonenearfor manymilesaround,andthere wasnopowderedorcondensed milktobehad.Sowehadto doonblackteaandnobutter fornearlythreeyearstillwe wereabletobuyalittlecow.

Wearegettingplentyofnew Australiansnow.Iwouldlove tobenearthemandtalkto them.Therearenonenearus, andIamunabletoridearound toseethefarmsnowasIused todo.Imuststayput,andI don'tlikeitatall.Whatdreadfulfiresareabout.Ifeelsorry forthepeoplethathavelostso muchaftertheirhardworkto makehomes.

Godblessyouandyourgood work.Pleasefindenclosed 10s.fortheBushies'Scheme.

From GRANDFATHERANDGRANDMOTHER.

DearGrandfatherandGrandmother,-Itwasgoodtohear fromyouonceagain,andto knowthatyouarebothfairly well.Atyourtimeoflife,of course,onemustexpecttoget roundalittleslower.Whata longtimeyou'vebeenonyour place,andwhatachangeyou haveseen!ThesenewAustralianscan'timaginewhatPerth waslikeintheolddays;but perhapssomeofthemwillpush outintothebackblocksand openupnewtowns.Wewant morepeopleontheland,and there'sroomforplentyofthem inW.A.Iwonderwhatthe Statewilllooklikeinanother 60years.

Thankyoubothverymuch foryourgenerousdonationto theBushies'Scheme.Iknow thatyoulovetohelptheyoungsters. AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-Many thankstoyouforyourgreat kindnessininsertingmylast littlepoem(ontheFeastof

Itisoneofourjoysthatwe aredeeplyindebtedtoagentle Lady,toawomanlyWoman, toaperfectMother.Shelived longago,butshedidlive.She isastrulyanhistoricalfigure atCaesarAugustus,inwhose timesshelived.Andshehas becomemorewidelyknownand lovedthananyofourrace's women.Thatisalsooneof ourjoys. Wehavecalledherallthe beautifulthingswecouldset eyesuponandcompareher with.Wehavecalledhera HouseofGoldbecauseweknow Whomshehoused;aTowerof Ivory,becauseherpurityisso sublimeandsodeep;aMorning Star,becauseshestoodaloft andbyherownlight,heralded theLightofourcomingDay. WehavesaidsheisaGatebecauseagatesooftenletsus intoahome.Wehavecalled hertender,beautifulthingsas MysticalRoseandSingularVesselofDevotion,becauseshe holdsandquietlywieldsa powerthathealsandfreshens us,foritcomesfrombeyondour world.Wehavehailedher ArkoftheCovenant,because sheenclosed,notthetabletsof stone,buttheHeartofherinfantSon,whereinbeatanew, unspokenlawoflove.Wehave calledherstrongthingslike VirginMostPowerful,because hervirginityhasmadeheran impregnablestronghold,arefuge

ChristtheKing)intheChildren'sPage.Indeeditwasa greatjoytobesohonouredthoughnotworthy. Willyoupleaseacceptanother littlepoemdealingwiththe FeastofSt.Joseph?Thisisby KatherineTynan. Iloveit, andwouldhavesentitearlier, buthavebeenmanyweeksgettingoverthe'flu.Someofthe childrenmayliketocommitit tomemory. Iamsendinganotherpoemof myown,and10s.for.theBushies.Pleasegivemearemembranceinyourprayers.-Very sincerely,ELLENBALDWIN.

DearFriend,-Thankyoufor yourhelp. Iampleasedto publishthepoems,andsorryto hearyouhavebeenill.Of courseIwilldoasyouask.We hopetohearfromyouagain soon.

AUNTBESSY.

MANOFTHEHOUSE (ByKatherineTynan).

Joseph,honouredfromseato sea, Thisisyournamethatpleaseth me-

"Manofthehouse."

Iseeyouriseatthedawnand light

Thefire,andblowtilltheflame isbright. Iseeyoutakethepitcherand carry Thedeepwellwaterfor-"Jesus andMary."

Youkneadthecornforthe breadsofine, Gatherthemgrapesfromthe hangingvine: Therearelittlefeetthataresoft andslow, Followyouwhitherso'eryougo. There'salittlefaceatyour workshopdoor, Alittleonekneelsdownonyour floor; HoldsHishandsfortheshavingscurledThesoftlittlehandsthathave madetheworld.

Marycallsyou,themealis ready, Youliftthechildtoyour shouldersteady;

Shehas,ofcourse,herhouseholdnames.Maryissimple. Weoftenaddtoitabalancing phraseofdignityas:Mary,the MotherofGod,orMary,the MotherofJesus.OurLadyor OurBlessedMotheraremore endearingonourside;they drawusclosetoheraschildren areattractedtotheirmother whentheyfeeltheneedofher protectionorwishtoshowtheir love.Andperhapsthetitles beginningwithOurLady.are morenumerousandpopular. Indeed,anotherlitanycouldbe madeofthem,

Themanyformsofdevotion toOurBlessedLadyexistingin theChurchareliketheseveral facetsofonejewelorthepetals ofoneflower.Eachshowsa particularbeautyasthelightof Faithisturneduponit,andyet eachissointimatelyjoinedto theothersthatwecannever thinkofopposingonetoanother. Thiswouldbetodividethe jewel,ortojudgethepetalsand forgettheflower.-From"The AnnalsofOurLadyoftheSacredHeart."

Iseeyourquietsmileasyousit Andwatchthelittleonethrive andeat.

Thevinecurlsbythewindow space, Thewingsofangelscoverthe place; Upintherafterssolidandolden There'sadovethatbroods,and hiswingsaregolden.

Youwhokeptthemthrough stormandshine, Astaff,ashelterkindlyand warm, FatherofJesus,husbandof Mary, Holdusyourliliesforsanctuary.

Joseph,honouredfromseato sea, Thisisyournamethatpleaseth me"Manofthehouse."

(SentinbyEllenBaldwin)

PEACE

OriginalContribution.

(ByEllenBaldwin).

Jesus,meekandhumbleof heart, LetusleanonThee, HelpuswithThylivinglight Thygraciousfacetosee.

Thoucanstgiveeternallife IfwetrustinThee, Calmandstilltheworld'sstrife AsonthelakeofGalilee.

LeadnationsinThyonetrue fold Withtheshepherdofthe sheep, FeeduswithThylivingbread TorestatThysacredfeet.

BUSHIES' CORNER

Thefollowingdonationsto theBushies'Schemefor1950 beengratefullyreceived:£s,d.

Previouslyacknowledged 9110

GrandfatherandGrandmother 100 EllenBaldwin 100

Total L10110

SUMMARYOFTHEREGULATIONSFORFAST ANDABSTINENCE.

1.OnFASTclays,thoseboundtofastareallowed onefullmealatmid-dayorintheevening.Inaddition, theyareallowedtwolightmeals-oneofabouteight ounces,andtheotheroftwoorthreeounces.Anykind offood,andhenceevenfleshmeat,maybeusedatall threemealsprovided,atthetwosmallmeals,thelimitof eightandtwoorthreeounces,respectively,benotexceeded.

2.OnABSTINENCEdays,fleshmeatandmeatsoup areforbidden.

3.Lardanddrippingmaybeusedondaysofabstinence,providedtheyheusedmerelyasacondimentorseasoning.

4.Friday,unlessitbeaHolidayofObligation,isa dayofabstinence.

5.AshWednesdayandtheFridaysinLentandEmberWeeksaredaysoffastandabstinence.

6.Mondays,Tuesdays,Wednesdays,Thursdaysand SaturdaysinLent,andtheWednesdaysandSaturdaysin QuarterTensearedaysoffastwithout'abstinence.

7.ThereisnofastorabstinenceonSundaysorHolidaysofobligation.

8.St.Patrick'sDayisexemptfromfast;ifitfalls onaFriday,itisnotexemptfromtheabstinence.

9.Thosewhohavecompletedtheirseventhyeararc boundbythelawofabstinence.

10.Thosewhohavecompletedtheirtwenty-firstyear arehoundbythelawoffasting;theyceasetobebound byitwhentheyhavebeguntheirsixtiethyear.

11.Thosewhoareindelicatehealthorwhoareengagedinexhaustingwork,arenotboundtofast.Ofcourse. ,hosewhoareseriouslyillarenotboundbyeitherfastor abstinence.

12.OnthedaysmentionedinNo.6,thosewhoar( nothoundtofastarenotlimitedbythelaweitherastoth( qualityorquantityofthefoodtheywishtotalc.

13.TheLentenFastandAbstinenceceaseatnoonor HolySaturday.

ArchbishopofPerth.

Sir,-Iamwritingthisletter inanswertoanarticleentitled "TheProfessionalParent,"by VirginiaRowland,appearingin yourpaperonMarch16th.

Mrs.Rowlandtellsusthather articleanalysestheprincipal achievementsoftheFreudian psychologistsinregardtothe unmanageablechild-butitdoes nothingofthekind.Itcertainlymentionsseveralofthe morepersistenterrorswhich misguidedfollowersofthisfamousmanhavebroughtinto fashion-videlackofrepression carriedtoabsurdlengths,'etc., butitanalysesnothingsomuch asherownutterinabilitytodiscuSstheresponsibilitiesand dutiesofparentswisely,kindly andconstructively.

Shewearilyprofessesher utterdisillusionmentregardingthatunspeakableexcrescence, "themodernparent,"withall theennuiofaveteranteacher (sic,two ence),years'teachingexperiandinhabitantofahousingsettlement(3years).Nowheredoesshementionhaving anychildrenofherown,butI amafraiditisonlytooobvious thatshehasnoneasyet.

Hermaincomplaintagainstthe"modernparent"wasthe utterlackofdisciplineinher ownclasses.ThisIcanstate, withtenyearsofexperienceto supportme,isnever,never, neverthefaultofpupilsorof theirparents.Theclassdisciplineisadirectreflectionof theparticularteacher'sabilityto holdherpupil'sinterestandrespect;andanywell-trained teacherofgoodpersonalityand charactercan,givenafew weeks'grace,instilintoher pupilsarespectfortheirteacher andtheirschool,nomatterwhat kindofhometheycomefrom.

Howmanyofourwell-loved teachers-nuns,priestsandbrothers-wouldattempttodothe sterlingworktheydoinsuchan atmosphereofrevoltandindisplineasMrs.Rowlandhasdepicted.Shesays:"Ofallmy experience(sic,2years!)in teachingthemostdisillusioningandenlighteningwerethoseinvolvingtheproblemofdiscip- line"Excusemymentioningit, Mrs.Rowland,butyourownexperienceandobviouslackof guidancefromyoursuperiors mustbealsobroughtintothe picture.Shecontinues:"Had theseboysandgirlsbeentaught goodold-fashionedmannersin theirhomes,thewcouldnever havebehavedsorudelyintheir classrooms!"Tch!Tch!Mrs. Rowland.Didtheypokeout theirtonguesatyou?Justwhat didtheydo?

Wereyourlessonsperhapsso dullanduninspiringthatthe poorunfortunatesfoundrelief onlyinexpressionoftheirutter boredom?

VirginiaRowlandisobviously notyetaloverofchildren,and untilsheexperiencedthechasteningjoysandsorrowsandhilariousmisinterpretationofa well-meaningandloving"childbringer-upper,"Iwouldadvise hertolessenherharshandcondescendingcriticismofmodern parents.

Biting,spitting,fighting, swearing,pushing-yes,Mrs. Rowland. Iregrettosayit, buttheydooccurinchildren possessingthenicest,bestintentionedparentsintheworld. Untrimmedrosebushesalso growhipsandhawsandspoil thebush,butaw'gardener useshissecateurs51P'theright timeeveryseasonandtheflowersbloomhealthyandhappily.

Soitiswithchildren-anda fewyearsina-goodschoolunder thelovingguidanceofunderstandingteachers,doeshelpto counteracttheeffectsofthefew deliberatelyfoolishandindulgentparents.Asthisarticle wasdirectedtoCatholicparents, itiswelltorememberthatthey cheerfullyentrusttheiroffspring tothecareofourCatholic teachers,knowingfullwellthat theyhaveforgottenmorechild psychologythanthemodern Freudian know.psychologistwillever Theirknowledgeand understandingofchildrencomes firstlyfromtheirloveofchildren,and,secondly,frOmthe age-longtraditionsoftheirvariourorders-thecodesofbehaviourwhichtheyasreligious teachersdemandintheirschools.

thinkwewillagree,havingany sex.Itisnotclearfromthe abovequotationsifonehuman wascreatedfirst,andher(or its)matefromit(orher),orif thefirstpairwerecreatedfrom thesamespiritualessence.However,thefactisobviousthat therewasnospiritualdifference inthefirstpairofhumans.

Theycananddomakesilk pursesoutofsows'ears,and longmaytheycontinuetodoit, despitesthetrialsandtribulationstheysufferfromthe"modernparent."-Yours,etc., LILLIANC.PRENDERGAST.

* * Sir,-Iread"TheRecord"regularly,andIcansaythatin myopinionitisapublication whichcanbereadwithprofit byall-theCatholic,Protestant, andnon-Christian. Imyself amaMuslim,andmyreligion isIslam. IbelievetheHoly Korantobetheuncorrupted WordoftheGod,andbyitI ordermywayofliving.Ihave notpreviouslyseenanythingin "TheRecord"towhichIcould takeexception;ifIhadIwould havetoldyou.Thatisfair,is itnot?

Iwillgettothepoint!Inan article,"Beauty"(enclosed herewith),itisstated:"Itwould appearthattheMohammedans wererightinsayingthatthe femalehasnosoul."This statementisincorrect.Whilst Idonotdoubtthatthereare

Actuallyahumanisasoulor spiritualessenceoverbeing,and thatspiritualbeingisgivenfor atimeamaleorfemalebody andinstinctsforwhichitisresponsible.Asfurtherproof thatIslamdoesnotdiscriminate againstwomen,wehavetheoccasionswheretheGodhas givenrevelationtowomen.The HolyKoranmentionswhere bothAdamandhiswifewere spokentointheGarden,thatit wasrevealedtothemotherof Mosestohidehimwhenhewas aninfant.Muslimwritersdo notdisputethattheGodgave thismessagetoHagar,the motherofIshmiel,andasfor Mary,theMotheroftheMessiah(Iwillquote,chapterof "TheFamilyofAmran"): IntheNameoftheGod,the Beneficent,theMerciful:"And rememberwhentheangelssaid: '0Mary!verilyhaththeGod chosentheeabovethewomenof theworlds,andpurifiedthee! 0Mary!bedevoutbeforethy Lordandprostratethyselfand bowdownwiththosewho bow.'" Also:"Whentheangel

MASSTIMETABLES.

ROTTNEST 9a.m.everySundaytoEaster Sunday,inclusive. SCARBOROUGH MasseseverySundayat .m.and.8a.m. NORTHBEACH MasseverySundayat a.m. BELMONT PARISH, Belmont:7.45ass. Rivervale:7.30aid9.30a.m. Carlisle:830am.. ROCKINGHAMPARISH. MasseverySundayatSafety Bayat7,30a.m.,andatRockinghamat9a.m. VICTORIAPARK. MasstimesatSt.Joachim's Church,VictoriaPark,havebeen Alteredto7,8,9,and10am.on Sundays IVIIINDARINGPARISH. Sunday. 1st.:Mundaring,8a.m.;Darlington,9.30a.m. 2nd.:Chidlow,8a.m.;Mundaring,9.30a.m. 3rd.:Darlington,8a.m.;Mundaring,9.3Ja.m. 4th,:MundaringWeir,8a.m.; Mundaring.9.30a.m,

GOSNELLS. HolyMasseverySundayat 7.30and9.30a.m.

6,30 8,20

EARLYMASSATST. BRIGID'S,WESTPERTH. InfutureHolyMasswillbe celebratedatSt.Brigid'sChurch, WestPerth,at6a,m.everySunday,inadditiontotheordinary times.

SPEARWOODPARISH.

Spearwood:1st.and3rd.Sundays,8.30am.;2nd.and4th. Sundays,10a.m.

NavalBase:1st.and3rd,Sundays,10a.m.;2nd,and4th.Sundays,8.30a.m.

PINJARRAPARISH.

Mandurah:

1st.and4th.Sundaysin March,at9.30a.m.;2nd.and 3rd.SundaysinMarch,at7.30 a.m.

Pinjarra:

EverySundayat9a.m.,exceptthe1st.Sundayofeach month,whenMassisat8a.m. N.B.:TherewillbenoMass inPinjarraonthe4th.Sunday ofFebruaryandMarch. peoplecallingthemselvesMohammedanswhohavesaidthat thehumanfemalehadnota soulorwasnotasoul(Ihave heardequallysenselessand ridiculousstatementsmyself frombothMohammedansand Christians,self-styled),thefact thatthewriterusesthedefinite articlebeforethewordMohammedanleadsonetounderstandthatALLwhocouldbe termedMohammedaniswhat thepassageismeanttoconvey. Seeingthatthesubjecthasbeen broughtup,Ithinkyourreadersareentitledtoafewfacts relatingtoit.

Inthefirstplace,therearetodaysomecultsandsectsof Mohammedanismwhichfollow traditionsratherthantheBook oftheGod,andwiththesepeople,theirstatementsandtheir practicesIamnotconcerned. InWesternAustraliaIrepresentIslam,simple,straightand clean,asitwasrevealedtothe ProphetsfromtheirLord. I findnothingintheHolyKoran, whichisthesupremeauthority inIslam,whichinfersany spiritualdifferenceinthesexes. Thecreationofthefirsthumans isnotstatedveryclearly;the originalisintheArabic.Iwill giveanEnglishtranslationas neartoliteralasIcanget.

Thechapterof"TheWomen": IntheNameoftheGod,the Beneficent,theMerciful."0 people,fearyourLord,Who hathcreatedyouofoneNafs, andofhercreatedhermate,and fromtheirtwainhathspread abroadsomanymenand women."Alsointhechapter of"TheElevatedPlaces":"He itiswhohathcreatedyoufrom oneNafsandofthesame broughtforthhermatethathe mightdwellwithher."

ThegenderinArabicdoesnot definitelydenotesex.The feminineisusedfortheNafsor soul,andinvariablythemasculinepronounfortheGod, neithertheGodnorthesoul,I

said:'0Mary!verilytheGod announcethtotheeaWordfrom Him:Hisnameshallbe,MessiahJesus,theSonofMary,illustriousinthisworldandin thenext,andoneofthosewho shallbeneartotheGod.'

Withoutanyfurtherevidence itshouldbeclearthattheMuslim,wholivesandthinksaccordingtowhathasbeenrevealedtohim,cannotbesoignorant astoimaginethatinhumans "thefemalehasnosoul."Accordingtowhat.Ihavelearned, ahumanISinfactasoul,a spiritual,notamaterial,being, andwhetherthatsoulhasbeen givenafemaleoramalebody andinstincts,itisresponsible forthemtoitsCreatorjustthe same,andtoitsCreatoritwill return.InIslamphysicallymen are,broadlyspeaking,thekeepersofwomen,theword"keeper" signifyingproviderandprotector.Womenaretheguardians oftheunseen,bywhichweunderstanddomesticandmoreintimatethingsgenerally,suchas healthandreproduction,andit wouldbeforthegoodofsocietyto-dayifthesexesconfined theitactivitiesmoretothese0137 jects. Spirituallyallhumansarethe same,allwerecreatedofthe sameNafsoressence.Ihope Ihavebeenabletoexplainthe matterclearly,andIthinkthatI havenotbroughtintoitanything controversial.Idonotseek controversy. Ionlywishyou toknowthatMuslimsarenot encumberedwithsomeofthe senselessandunreasonablebeliefsthatarecreditedtothem.

(Note:TheArabicequivalent ofthespiritualegoisNafs.) lhankyouforyourworkin editing"TheRecord,"andI hopethatmanyofyourreaders derivefromitthebenefits whichareundoubtedlyavailable.-Yours,etc., SHIEKALIMUHAMMAD. 98HowickStreet,Victoria Park.

Oddfellows'Hotel

Water installedthroughout-

..

theCatholicAnswer

(I

ISTHISIDOLATRY!

J.R.R..ofClaremont,asks: "WhydoestheRomanCatholicChurchhaveimagesinits placesofworship?"

A.:Thereareanumberof goodreasonsforthispractice! Youmightaskyourselfwhydo peopleingeneraluseimagesof personsatall?Why,forinstance,dowehaveanumber ofstatuesoffamousmeninour streetsandpublicplaces?_I thinkyouwouldagreethatthe objectoftheseimagesistodo honourtothepeoplewhomthey representandalsotoremindus ofthosepeople.Well,those aretwoverygoodreasonswhy inCatholicchurchesyoufind imagesofChristOurLord,of HisMotherMary,andofthose specialfriendsofGodwhomwe callsaints.Byerectingtheir imagesorpittureswedohonourtothem,whichtheyobviouslydeserve,andatthesame timeweremindourselvesthat thesearefellowcitizenswith ourselvesoftheCityofGod. Thesightoftheimagesinspiresuswithholyandhelpful thoughts.Wefindthatweare abletopraybetterwhenwe havetheseimagesaroundus.

Doyounothanguppictures ofthosewhoaredeartoyou?

Whydoyoudothat?Don't youthinkthatyouaremore likelytothinkofthosedearones ifyouhavetheirpicturesclose athand?Ifyoudon't,thereis notmuchpointinarguingwith youalongtheselines,butI wouldjusttellyouthatinthat caseyouareabnormal.The Church,ofcourse,catersforthe abnormalaswellasthenormal,butnaturallyhergeneral practiceisdeterminedbythe needsofthenormalindividual. However,yourobjectiontoour practiceseemstohaveaScripturalbasis.Youwrite:

TAILOREDTEXTS.

"AccordingtotheSecond CommandmentintheHoly Bible,ExodusXX.,itreads: 'Thoushaltnotmakeunto theeanygravenimage,orthe likenessofanythingthatisin heavenabove,orthatisinthe waterundertheearth;thou shaltnotbowdowntothem,' etc."

more,verses4and5ofChapter XX.,hewouldseequiteclearly thatwhatisforbiddeninthat placeisnotpreciselythemakingoftheimagesortheirerection,buttheadorationofthem. Tomakeimagesinorderto adorethemisagainstthesecondcommandment,andthatis somethingthatweCatholicsdo notdo.Themakingofimages andtheirerectioninplacesof worshipisnotmerelynotforbiddenbyGodbutitesexplic-

itlycommandedbyHiminseveralplacesintheOldTestament.Hencewhenyousay:

WHOISWRONG?

"AsfarasIcanseeandunderstand,theRomanCatholic Churchinthispracticeat leastiswrong."

A.:Youareentirelymistaken. Onthecontrary,itisobviously quiteunscripturaltoprohibit theuseofimagesinthesanctuary,afactwhichshouldcarry someweightwithanyonewho holds,aswedo,thattheBible isthewordofGod.

ELECTORALANOMALIESINBRITAIN

LONDON,Feb.27(NC).-Tocheckonananomalyin Britain'selectorallaw,CanonJohnMoran,parishpriestof Llanelly,SouthWales,lastweekmadeanunsuccessfulbidto benominatedasageneralelectioncandidate.

AttherequestoftheChurch authorities,hesaid,hemade hisattempt"toexposetheinequalityofEnglishelectorallaw whichpermitsdissentingminis_ terstostand,butnotChurchof EnglandclergyorCatholic priests.

CanonMoranwenttothe TownHallandaskedthedeputy returningofficertoaccpthisnomination.Theofficialconsulted acopyoftheActofParliament, thentoldtheCanonthathe couldnotbenominatedashe wasinHolyOrders.

CanonMoranlaterstatedthat thismovewasmadebecausethe Rev.D.EirwenMorgan,aBaptistminister,hadbeennominatedasaWelshnationalistcandidate.

Althoughconvictsinjailare entitledtovoteintheGeneral Electioniftheyhavethenecessaryresidentialqualifications. nunsinenclosedordersarenot permittedtovote. Thisisdisclosedintheruling ofanelectoralregistrationofficerforPennFields,nearWolv_ erhampton.

TheprioressofaCarmelite conventinthisdistrictapplied forpostalvotesforthe16nuns there.Shewastoldbytheregistrationofficerthatthereisno clauseinthe1948RepresentationofthePeopleActentitling suchnunstovote.

Theofficialaddedinhisletter:"Youhavevoluntarilydisenfranchisedyourself."

675BEAUFORTSTREET.

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A.:ItisapitythatyourknowledgeoftheScriptureissovery limited.Youdon'tevenseem tohavereadthewholeofthe BookofExodus.Ifyouhad youwould"havecomeindue coursetothe18th.andfollowing versesofthe25th.Chapterof thisbook,andtherewouldhave foundsomethingthatmightwell haveraisedsomedoubtsinyour mindastoyourinterpretation ofthepassageyouquote.In the25th.chapterofExodusGod isgivinginstructionstoMoses fortheconstructionoftheTabernacle.Inverse18HecommandsMoses:"Thoushaltmake alsotwocherubimsofbeaten goldonthetwosidesofthe oracle.Letonecherubbeon theoneside,andtheotheron theother.Letthemcover bothsidesofthepropitiatory, spreadingtheirwingsandcoveringtheoracle:andletthem lookonetowardstheother,their facesbeingturnedtowardsthe propitiatorywherewiththeark istobecovered."Ihavequotedthewordsaccordingtothe CatholicversionoftheBible, butifyoconsultyourAuthorisedvers youwillfindthat thediffercesarehardlysignificantatall.Bothversions containtheexplicitcommand, inexactlythesamewords,to maketwocherubims.Nowa cherub,asyoudoubtlessknow, isanangel,andsowouldbeincludedinthosebeingsthatare inheavenabove-tousethe wordsofyourfirstquotation.At firstsight,anunintelligentreadermightimaginetherewasa contradictionbetweenwhatGod saysinChapterXXandwhat HesaysinChapterXXV.That wouldbenonsense,ofcourse, butthenIsaidthereaderwas unintelligent.Asensibleman likeyou,"J.R.R.,"oncoming tothiscommandwouldnaturallyturnbacktoChapterXX. andseewhetherperchancehe hadbeentooprecipitateininterpretingthesecondcommandment.Onreadingover,once

ANIDEALGIFT FORTHE EASTERBRIDE

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Ifyouareconsideringthepurchaseofawork ofartasanappropriategiftforaBride-to-Be, foradiscriminatingfriend,orasanacquisition foryourownhome,youwilldoubtlessfind whatyouseekon BOANS3rd.FLOOR.

AllHallowsChurch,Boulderwas thesettingonTuesday14thFebruaryforthemarriageofDolores Ita,youngestdaughterofMr.J.J. andthelateMrs.ArdaghofBurt St..BouldertoJohnEdward.of LakeGrace,onlysonofMr.and Mrs.H.J.DavisofNorthTerrace,Boulder.Theceremonywhichwas celebratedwithNuptialMasswas offeredbyRev.FatherGallagher.assistedbyRev.Father

McCarthy.JohnArdaghbeingthe acolyte.Mr.FrankArdagh,brother ofthebride,sangduringtheMass. andalsowhiletheregisterwas beingsigned. Thebridewhoenteredthe churchonthearmofherfather woreabeautifulgownofmagnolia slippersatin,withswathedhip diapings,andaveryfullskirt.fallingintoagracefultrain

GIFTS ForMen areavailableingreatvarietyat Yourfavourite Men'sStore.

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Thenecklinewassoftenedbya daintyyokeofmarquisette.and beautifiedbyalongstringof knottedpearls.Aveilofembroideredsilktullewascaughteachsidebyposiesofcreamrosebuds andshecarriedatrailerbouquet ,offrangipani.andanivoryprayerbookwithexquisitehandpaintedstreamers,thegiftoftheSistersof St.Joseph.Thebridesmaids,Misses ShirleyandPatriciaDavis,sisters ofthebridegroom,weredaintyfiguresinfullskirtedfrocksoficebluelace pleatedovertaffeta,withdeep berthaswornwithDutch bonnetstomatch.Theycarried bouquetsoffrangipaniandcream roses,andworecameopendants. giftsofthebridegroom.Mr.GuthrieArdaghwasbestman,andMr. GordonBrightgroomsman.Atthe PalaceHotel,Kalgoorlie,wherethe receptionwasheld,thetableswere beautifullydecoratedwithcarnations,rosesandasters,athreetieredmagnoliatintedcakeholdingprideofplace. TheguestswerereceivedbyMrs. W.Horan,sisterofthebridegracefullygownedinamodelfrockof juniornavycrepe,withasmart grosgainhatinthesameshadeand accessoriestotone,asprayofcream rosesbeingpinnedtoherbag.She wasassistedbyMrs.Davis.mo- therofthebridegroom,wearinga softbluecrepefrock,withthenew drapedcollarlineandslenderskirt. withblueandgreymodelhatand greyaccessories.TheRev.Father Gallagherpresided.theusualtoasts werehonouredandanumberof congratulatorytelegramsread.The happycoupleleftbythetransAustraliantrainforahoneymoon intheEasternStates,thebride wearingasmartsuitofoyster crepeandanoff-the-facehatin ceriseandoystertoneswithblackaccessories.

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ForallsuppliesofliquidrefreshmentscallandseeCHARLIE CARTERS,whocanofferyouStouts,Wines,SpiritsandCordials,etc.,inallthepopularbrands.

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CHARLIECARTERS

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METROPOLITANBUSINESSES

AuthorisedNewsagencyand GeneralStore,inoutersuburb. Weeklytradeaverageapprox. £190. Leaseavailable.GordonandGotchAgency.Completeplant,value£1,000.Full Price,£3,000,w.i.w.o..includingstock,£700.

CityCafeandMilkBar,in keyposition,cityblock.Turnover£400weekly.Bestfitted shopinState.Longlease,low rent.Fullparticularstogenuinebuyers.

ALSO MixedBusinessandMilkBar. inselectpartofPerth.Turnover £.160weekly.Excellentaccommodation.Anidealfamilyproposition.Willshow£20clear weekly.Price,£2,150,plus stock. FreeholdBoardandLodging, inleadingPort.Weeklytakingsapprox.£40.Price,£5,000, w.i.w.o.GasandE/Light,Septicsewered.Two-storeystone andiron. Agoodlucrative businessandvaluablefreehold. Wellworthinvestigation.

GallonLicenseandGeneral StoreImportantcountrytown. Weeklytradeover£400.Good accommodation.Plantcomplete andmodern.FullPrice,£4500, includingstock,approx. £3.000.

Hardware,Mixed,andBank Agency.inclosesuburb.Weeklytrade£200.Lease3years, withoption.Plantexcellent. valuedat£600.Goodaccommodation.FullPrice.£2,000, plusstock,approx.£800.

FreeholdCountryGeneral Store,withPostOfficeand Agencies.House.5-room,attachedandoutbuildings.Trade 500monthly.Plantcomplete,includingengine,lighting plant.Largerefrigerator,etc. Price,£2,500.plusstock.approx.£700.PostOfficealone returnsover£300p.a.

FARMINGPROPERTIES.

Dairy,380acres,inCowaranup Area.20paddocks,180clearedandpastured.Six-roomed house,allcons.Stock:31 milkers,30youngstock,5sows andboar.Water:2equipped wells.Price,£8,000,w.i.w.o.

MixedFarm.33Acres,in BrunswickJunctionArea.21 riverflats.House.6rooms;5 paddocks.Water:2permanent springs.Stock:8cows,4heifers, quantitypoultry.Plant,well equipped.

HOUSES,VACANTPOSSESSION.

BrickHouseandValuable Land,LoftusSt.,Leederville. Thissolidbrickhouseisbuilt ononeoffiveblocks,mostsuitableforafactory,withinone mileofthecity.Thelotfor £2,950.

Claremont,immediatevacant possession.Modernbrickand tileresidence,comprising2bedrooms,s/out,lounge,dining room,vestibule,kitchen,bathroom,laundry,garage;deep sewerage. Well furnished throughout.FullPrice,£4,000, includingfurniture.

EastFremantle.Immediate vacantpossession.Comfortableresidence,builtonhigh position,comprising2bedrooms, lounge,diningroom,kitchen, bathroom,laundry.Deepsewerage.Fullyfurnished.Full price,£1,500,includingfurniture.

THEGENERALAGENCYCO., W.A.'sHotelandBusiness Brokers,LandandEstateAgents 29/30PadburyuBildings (opp.G.P.O.).

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A-UASSELLSSAVEYOUE's. Plenty11/21n..tinnails.Simp-sonwashingmachines£63cashor terms.Mt.stainlesssinks,onlyE12/15/:oncupboards£20.All sizesinsinksandcupboards.New stovesfrom£81101.Latestenamelsteeltops.Dozenstochoose from.Baths,latestwhiteorcream, £511916;TerrazzoE13/15/. 10 and12gal.coppers,allsizestands, ironchimneys.copperbathheaters £8/15/.Allsizefluepipes.Englishtiles,white31/6.cream35/3 yard.Wringers,K.B.C.93/11; BrevUle,79/6;famousAcmesatbargainprices.3ft.irongates55/. Tubs40/.37/6.27/11,23/11.Wilsoncoolers60/.Whitewallbasins 55/;oncabinetE5/19/6.Pram wheels4/11.Bergers,TipToppaints,enamels.You'llsaveat HASSELlaS,559Wellington-st.,also 36 Pier-st.,nearHay-st.Tel. B6307.

Dangerous-lookingTramp:"Is yourhusbandathome,lady?" ResourcefulLady:"Well,ifhe hasfinishedhisrevolverpracticeinthegarden,he'llbein theyardplayingwiththebloodhounds.Doyouwanttosee him?"

DEATHS

014

CULLIGAN.-OnNovember21, 1949,atLoretoConvent,Balbriggan,Ireland,MotherM. Albertus,belovedeldestsister ofNell(Mrs.P.J.Fox,Tasmania),Agnes(deceased), Fan,Melbourne),Will(Sydney),andArthur(Victoria Park,W.A.),dearauntofWill andLillian,after61yearsdevotedtothereligiouslife. R.I.P.

÷INMEMORIAM÷

CLARKE,MaryTeresa.-In fondandlovingmemoryof ourdearwifeandmother, whodepartedthislifeon23rd. March,1942. Mayherdearsoulrestin peace. -Insertedbyherlovinghusband,M.P.Clarke,andfamily.

KENWORTHY.-Inlovingmemoryofourfather,whodepartedthislife30th.March, 1946. AlwaysrememberedbyJim andEileen. SacredHeartofJesus.have mercyonhissoul.

LOUGHLIN.Mary.-Ofyour charity,prayforthereposeof thesoulofmydearlybeloved wifeandourmother,who passedawaysuddenlyon March30th.,1947. MostSacredHeartofJesus, havemercyonhersoul. -Insertedbyherlovinghusbandandfamily.

MURPHY.-Inlovingmemory ofNancye,dearwifeofPat, anddevotedmotherofBeth, TerryandNancy,ofKukerin, whodiedMarch30th.,1949. Granttoher.0Lord,eternal rest.

MURPHY.-Ofyourcharity, prayforthesoulofNancye Murphy,ofKukerin,whodied 30th.March,1949,loved'sisterandsister-in-lawofDorothyandTomMcNamara (Wembley). SacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhersoul.

SAVAGE.-Prayfortherepose ofthesoulsofAnnieO'ConnorSavage,whodied30th. March,1944,andJohnSavage,died5th.March,1917. RequiescatinPace.

ACCOMMODATION

An unfurnishedelderlywidowwantslarge, room,withCatholicfamily:nearchurch.Reply Box1146,"Record"Office. YoungCatholiccoupleurg-entlyrequireFlatorHouse. ReplyBox1144."Record"Office.

FOUND.

BlackebonyRosary,silver chain;genuineMorocco,medallion;inblackcase,withzipp; foundintrain.Applythisoffice.

FORHIRE.

TAXIS-ForAllNeeds-Ring CreamTops,WM423orBA3488.

LIBRARYNOTES.

RACINGSELECTIONS.

Saturday.April1,1950.

(BeforeAccepances)

PickeringHandicap:LawPort, 1;BeauScott,2;Fawzia,3;Earl Kingsley,4. BickleyHandicap:Little Christine,1;PrincessPanto,2; StarDash,3;Manzlea,4. WallistonHandicap:JollyJester,1;Balkona,2;Nauplia,3; Pandennis,4. SwanViewHandicap:Miss Helios,1;Dhostar,2;Capel Hare,3;BeauVasse,4. WittenoomStakes: Lady Lucia,1;Kingscote,2;St.Falcon,.3;GoldStarling,4. MahoganyWelter(2):Miss Remarc,1;Orcaina,2;Silvery Note,3;TheWesterner,4, MahoganyWelter(1):Kearney,1;JollyJester,2;Santheine,3;BlueCheetah,4. TROTTING.

MetropolitanMaiden:Edna's Gift,1:Broadview,2;Suntan, 3. MurrayHandicap:BraveLass, 1;Rulista,2;SmartWilver,3. SwanHandicap:DeBordeaux, 1;LeeSheen,2;WallyGlobe,3. Handicap(5):VarsityBoy,1; GallantCross,2;Earl'sLady,3. Handicap(6):SuperJunior. 1;MeadowChief.2:Double Note,3. Handicap(7):StormyWeather,1;HiglandPark.2;Broad Chimes,3. Handicap(8):Willack,1;Lily Girl,2:BrownSheik.3.

PrintedandPublishedbyKeith FrancisSpruhan,at"TheRecord"Offic.,450HayStreet, Perth.

PUBLICNOTICE.

AlfredWheadondesirestoinformhisfriendsandreadersof "TheRecord"thathehasstartedasaJobbingFRENCHPOLISHER,andwillendeavourto giveentiresatisfaction.

Address: 130CHARLESSTREET, WESTPERTH.

SHIPPING.

LLOYD TRIESTINO FORNAPLESANDGENOA Steamer. FromFremantle abolit

U.VIVALDI S.CABOTO TOSCANA 14thApril13thMay29thJune

FARES

CabinClassfrom£110Stg.to £192Stg, ThirdClass(incabins)from£53Stg.to£73Stg.ThroughbookingsarrangedtoLondonbyrailatreducedrates.

ITALYTOFREMANTLE ReturnReservationsfromGenoa canhearrangedby: Steamer. FromItaly about

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COUNTFOLKEBERNADOTTE.ByRalphHewins-

Anauthoritativebutfarfrominformalbiographyofaman whoseworkforhumanitywilllongberemembered.Itcovers thepersonalandpublicaspectsoftheCount'slife tellsofhis earlylifeinSweden,hisrelationswithmembersoftheRoyal House,andhismarriagetoanAmericanheiress.Hisrescueof thefortythousandinmatesofaGermanConcentrationCamp, exchangeofprisonersofwar,aregivenindetailedaccounts,also hisvaluableworkfortheBoyScoutMovement.

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LANDBELOWTHEWIND.ByAgnesKeith.

Thisisthestoryoftheauthor'slifeinNorthBorneo.There arefewthingsmoreboringthanlifeinthetropicsaslivedby officialsandtheirwives.Butthisissomethingdifferent-the differenceisthehappinessthatirradiatesit.AgainKeithisinformativeandhasthefacultyofminglingtrivialincidentswith thoseofmoreseriousimportancetolightenthewholeandmake adelightfulvolumeoftravel.

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FUERDENKATHOLISCHEN

NEVI/

DIESCHULBILDUNGINAUSTRALIEN

KurznachderGruendung Australiens,vor150Jahren, wurdendieerstenSchulen gebaut.DadieBegruendervon englischerAbstammungwaren, habensiedasenglischeSchulsystemnachgeahmt,undPrivatschulengebaut.ImLaufe desneunzehntenJahrhunderts uebernahmsiederStaat,und jetzthabenwirSchulenvon zweiSorten;staatlichund privat.Kindervonsechsbis vierzehnoderfuenfzehnJahren muessenindieSchulegehen (Eskommtdaraufan,inwelchemStaatmanwohnt,denn jederStaathatseineigenes Unterrichtsministerium). Die staatlichenSchulensindfrei, indenPrivatschulenmussman eineGebuehrbezahlen.

InvielenGegendengibtes Kindergarten(wirbrauchen dasdeutscheWort)fuer Kindervonvierbissechs Jahren.Diesesindauchteilweiseprivat,teilweisestaatlich.

ELLIOTT

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DiePrivatschulensindvon denverschiedenenKirchen (Katholisch,Anglicanisch,Methodist,Presbyterianu.s.w.) gegruendetworden,bekommen aberkeinenZuschussvonder Regierung.

MitsechsJahrengehendie KinderindieVolksschule,die wir"PrimarySchool"nennen. DableibensiebiselfJahren, undlernenEnglisch,Arithmetik,Geschichte,Singen,Geographie,Zeichnen,Handarbeit, u.s.w.Indenstaatlichen SchulensindKnabenund MaedchenindenselbenKlassen(waswir"coeducation" nennen),indenPrivatschulen sindsiegetreent.

NachdersechstenKlasseder PrimarySchoolgehendie Kinderindie"Secondary School"(Mittelschule)Unsere Mittelschulenwerdennichtin Gymnasien,Realschulen,u.s.w. geteilt,sondernmanlerntalles ineinerSchule:Fremdsprachen,Mathematik,Chemie, u.s.w.DieFremdsprachensind FranzoesischundDeutsch. NichtvieleSchuelerlernen Lateinisch,undfastkeine Griechisch.

AmEndedesdrittenJahresbestehtmaneinePruefung,die "Junior"oder"Intermediate" heisst.DazusindfuenfGegenstaendenoetig.UnserePruefungensindfastnurschriftlich, nichtmuendlich,wieinEuropa (mitAusnahmederFremdsprachen).Die"Junior"Pruefungmussmanbestanden haben,wennmanineineBank, u.s.w.eintretenwill. NachfuenfJahreninder Mittelschule,machtmandie Schlusspruefung,die"Leaving",oder"Matriculation" heisst(Eshaengtdavonab,in welchemStaatmanwohnt) DiesePruefungentsprichtdie europaeischeAbitur.Wenn mansiemitfuenfGegen-

AustralienwirdIhnenzuerst einfremdesLanderscheinen unddasLebenhierganzanders alsfnEuropa.Dagegenaberist dieCatholischeKircheueberall dieselbe.InAustralienwieueberallinderWeltistdiekatholischeLehreundderkatholische Gottesdiensteinsunddasselbe. WiraustralischeKatholiken wollenIhnenbeweisendasswir unsmitIhnenengverbunden fuehlen.mitBandendieweit staerkeralsdiejenigenvon Rasse,Spracheoderweltlichen Sittensind.

staendenbestandenhat,dart manindieUniversitaetgehen. Kunstschulenhabenwirwohl, abernichtsovielewieinEuropa.Musikakademien(ConservatoriumofMusic)gibtes indenGrosstaedten,wie SydneyundMelbourne.ZeichnenundSingenkannmanin fastallenSchulenlernen,und diePrivatschulenhabenauch PrivatstundenfuerKlavier, Geige,u.s.w.IndenStaedten sindTechnischeSchulen,mit Tages-undAbendklassenfuer Handarbeit,Kunst,Naturwissenschaften,u.s.w.sodassjedermann Fortbildungskursen beiwohnwnkann,wennerLust dazuhat. JedePrivatschulehatihre eigeneUniform,mitihreneigenenFarben.DieStunden dauern35oder40Minuten.Die SchulebeginnturnneunUhr vormittags,unddaurtbisvierteloderhalbviernachmittags. MontagsbisFreitags.

SportundTurnenwerdenin denSchulenvielgetrieben.Im SommertreibtmanSchwimmen,Cricket,TennisundRuder')(diegrossenSchueler), imWinterFussball(dasAustralischeSpielistandersals daseuropaeische,dasmanhier "Soccer"nennt),imFruehling Wettrennen,Leichtathletik,u. s.w. DadieBevoelkerungaufdem Landeshreduennist,kommen dieKinderindieGefahr,gar keineSchulbildungzubekommen,unddeswegenhatman andreiLoesungengedacht.In denVorortendesStaedte,und auchaufdemLande,sindviele Pensionschulen,woKinder wohnenundaucherzogen werdenkoennen.Diesesind allePrivat.DieGebuehren sindziemlichhoch.Invielen Ortenhatmandiesogenannten "AreaSchools",dieeineganze Gegendbedienen.EMAutobus bringtdieKinderkostenlosin dieSchuleundnachHause. VieleKinderfahrenjedenTag 10oder50 Kinder,dieinsehrweitentferntenGegendenwohnen, koennenbrieflichenUnterrlcht bekommen,diesogenannten "Correspondence Courses". JedenNachmittagundoftsuch vormittigs.gibtesRadiounterrichtinverschiedenenGegenstaenden.

DasSchuljahrdauertetwa 44Wochenfuerdiestaatlichen Schulen,undetwa39Wochen fuerdiePrivatschulen.Die grossenFerienfindervon WeihnachtenbisAnfanr;Februaerstatt.Daserst,eTrimesterdauertbisAnfangMai, danngeniesstmaneineoder zweiWochenFerien,unddas wzeiteTrimesterdauertbis EndeAugust,wennauchkurze Ferienstattfinden.

KursefuerErwachsenegibt esinvielenStaedten.Man nenntsie"AdultEducation Courses",undsiefindenim SommerundauchimWinter statt.Esgibtaucheinegrosse LeihbibliothekfuerdieMitgliederderKurse.

Sodarfmansagen,dasses inAustralienallesMoegliche fuerGelegenheitengibt,wobei mansichausbildenkann.

sichnichtnurfuerihrExamen vorbereiten,sondernsichauch inihremkatholischemGlauben staerken. IndenstaatlichenSchulen wirdkeinUnterrichtinderReligiongegeben;deswegenistes sowichtig,dassunserekatholishenKinderinkatholische Schulegehen,dennihrkatholischerGlaubenistdiewertvollsteSache,diesiebesitzen koennen,unddietaegliche UebungjenesGlaubensist ueberalldiebesteVorbereitung fuerdasLeben.

Messelistefuer West-Australien

FortsetzungvondervorgeigangenWoche. (DieErklaerungvondieser Messelistezufindeninunserer Zeitungvondem2Mar.ist.)

SUBIACO-Presbytery,SalvadoRd.Wembley.

TAMBELLUP -Catholic Church.

Tammin-seheCunderdin.

TARDUN-seheMorawa.

THREESPRINGS-Catholic Presbytery.

TOODYAY-CatholicPresbytery. Torbay-seheMountBarker.

TRAYNING-CatholicPresbytery.

Treesville-seheCollie.

Tullis-seheWanderingBrook.

VICTORIAPARK-Presby tery122,SheppartonRoad.

WAGIN-CatholicPresbytery.

Walgoolan-seheMerredin. Walkaway-seheGeraldton.

Walpole-seheMountBarker. Wandering-seheWandering Brook.

WANDERINGBROOK-CatholicPresbytery.

WANNEROO-seheOsborne Park.

WAROONA-CatholicPresbytery. Warralakin-seheSouthern Cross.

WATERLOO-seheDardanup. Watheroo-seheMoors. Wedgecarrup-seheWagin.

WESTONIA-seheSouthern Cross.

WESTPERTH-1.St.Patrick's HavelockSt.-sehePerth2.St.Brigid'sPresbytery,211 AberdeenStreet. WestSwan-seheGuildford.

Wickepin-seheNarrogin. Widgemoultha-seheNorseman Wilga-seheCollie, Williams-seheNarrogin. WittenoomGorge-sehePort Hedland.

Wongamine-seheToodyay. WONGANHILLS-sehe Wyening. Wongoody-seheMullewa. WONTHELLA-seheGeraldton. Woodanilling-seheKatanning. Woogenillup-seheMount Barker.

Wooroloo-seheMundaring. WORSLEY-seheCollie. Wurarga-seheMullewa. WYALKATCHEM-Catholic Presbytery. WYENING-CatholicPresbytery. YALGOO-seheMullewa. Yandanooka-seheThree Springs.

YARLOOP-seheWaroona. Yealering-seheKondinin, Yericoin-seheWyening. YORK-CatholicPresbytery, SouthSt. Yorkakine-seheKellerberrin.

Yornup-seheBridgetown. YOUANMI-seheMount Magnet.

ENVIABLEPRIZE

DAILYMISSAL.

APRIL.

2nd.,Sun.:PalmSunday. 3rd.:MondayinHolyWeek. 2nd.prayerfortheChurchor Pope.NoGloriaorCreed. PrefaceoftheCross.

4th.:TuesdayinHolyWeek. 2nd.prayerofSt.Isidore.3rd. prayeragainst persecution. PassionGospel.Prefaceof theCross.

5th.:SpyWednesday.2nd. prayerofSt.VincentFerrer. 3rd.againstpersecution.PassionGospel.Prefaceofthe Cross.

6th.:HolyThursday.

7th.:GoodFriday.Massofthe Pre-Sanctified. 8th.:HolySaturday.

BRYANT&WATERS

80to90STIRLINGST.,PERTH. WOOD&COALMERCHANT.

OrdersPromptlyAttendedTo. PHONEBA3938.

PavingContractor. ExpertinBitumenandGravel Construction.

EstimatesandSpecificationsFree TOMMURPHY.

251Hamersley'Road,Sublaco. 'PHONE:W3051.

T.VIVIAN

143RokebyRd.,Sublet°.W1539 ForSewerageConnections, BadWaterPressure,Broken PedestalPans,BlockedSewer Drains,CisternandRoofRepairs

TVModelBathHeatersavailable

KEOUGH'S ForCATERING

AnyNumber,PlaceorTime, ThreeReceptionRoomsforHire.

M1158.

DieCatholikenaberleiden untereinemschwerenNachteil. Siesindverpflichtet,ihreKinderinKatholischeSchulenzu schicken,unddadieseSchulen keinenZuschussvonderRegierungbekommen,muessen dieElternderKindereine kleineGebuehrbezahlen.Sie bezahlenauchihreSteuernwie alleanderenLeute.

DieKatholischenSchulen findetmanueberallinAustralien,indenStaedtenundauch aufdemLande.Siewerdenvon Priestern(Jesuiten)Bruedern undSchwesternvonverschiedenenOrdengeleitet.DakoennenunserekatholischenKinder

RIODEJANEIRO,March2, (NC.)-ThreeBrazilianstudentshavewonfreetripstoRome afterbeingdeclaredwinnersin thefirstNationalCatechism Contest.Elementary,highschool andcollegestudentsfrom32 diocesestookpartinthecontest sponsoredbytheNationalDepartmentofReligiousInstructionofBrazilianCatholicAction.

INDIANCONVERT.

MADRAS,India,March2 (NC.)-SirAlbionRajkumar Banerji,formerlyDewanofthe importantNativeStatesof CochinandBarodaandatoprankingIndianstatesmanand administrator,isreportedto haveembracedtheCatholic faith.SirAlbionwaseducated inEnglandandservedtheBritishgovernmentinmanycapa-4 cities.

iseriminations

NoelCoward's"HAYFEVER"

SparklingComedyatHisMajesty's.

Wordsarepoorsubstitutesfor theenjoymenttobehadbypayingavisittoHisMajesty'sTheatre,wheresomeofPerth'sbest actorsareengagedinaCompanyofFourproductionof NoelCoward's"HayFever."

TheCompanyofFourconsistsofLilyKavanagh,Nita Pannell,HaroldKrantzandSol Sainken-allwell-knownnames inthelocaltheatreworld.They havebandedthemselvestogethertoformanorganisation whichaimstoputontop-notch playsbymakingitworthwhilefor"A"gradeplayersto takepartinthem.Thisisa policywhichoughttopaydividendsforallconcerned,includingthepublic;foritiscertain thatsufficientfirst-classtalentbothastoproductionandacting-existsinPerthtomakethe stagingofhighlysuccessful showsadistinctlyfeasibleproposition.Thisshouldmean goodentertainmentforPerth audiencesatreasonablerates. Ultimatesuccess,ofcourse,will dependupontheamountofsupportreceived. AlreadytheCompanyofFour hasproveditself.IntheSomervilleAuditoriumashorttime agoFerencMolnar's"ThePlay's theThing"wasreceivedwith acclaim.Nowwehavewitnessedasmooth,well-mountedrenderingofCoward's"HayFever." IftheCompanyofFourcan keepupthisstandard(andat thesametimepreserveitsorganisationintact)itbidsfairto becomeanintegralpartof Perth'ssociallife.

Theplayersinthecurrent productionareShirleyGeddes, IvanSmith,JessieGorman,Nita Pannell,HenryCuthbertson, HaroldHarvey,DorothyKrantz, AnneHassellandHaroldMalcolm.ProductionisbyLily Kavanagh.

Theplayisafastmoving comedyintypicalslickCoward

vein.Thoseprimarilyresponsibleforkeepingthepacegoing areNitaPannell,ShirleyGeddesandIvanSmith.Theymanageverywellwithregardto movements,butcouldbrushup ondiction:HisMajesty'sisa goodtheatreforsound,butpossiblyrequiresmoreattentionto thecarryingcapacityofavoice thandoestheRepertorytheatrette.Thereweresomecomplaintsastoaudibility,andcertainlythelinesweretossedoff withsuchspeedastodemand aquickear.Obviously,failure topickupthelineswouldruin one'senjoymentofthisplay.

NitaPannellhadthemostdifficultroletoportray,andthis sheaccomplishedwithconspicuoussuccess.Sheisanintelligentandresourcefulactress.

HenryCuthbertsonwasa sheerdelight.Inarolewhich suitedhimperfectlyhemade,as farasIcouldsee,nomistakes. Hehadhisfingeronthepulse oftheplayallthetime.His pseudo-sobrietywasinsharp contrasttothemadcapspirit pervadingtheextraordinary Blisshousehold.

DorothyKrantz'sdutieswere notonerous.Shehadtoappearsvelteandslinky,andshe didthisexpertly.

HaroldHarveyandHarold Malcolmbroughtabreathof realismtothefantasticasylum inwhichtheyhadtospendtheir week-end.Theirstockreactionshighlightedtheabsurdities theyencountered.

AnneHassellcarriedouta difficultasignmentverycreditably.JessieGormanwasrather toofull-bloodedinherapproach tothefunctionsofadomestic. buthadsomegoodmoments.

ThefurnishingsofthesetreflectedcreditonMissFlorence Luberandherstaff.

-DEGUSTIBUS.

THEWAYOFTHECROSS.

TheTherrySocietymadea veryimpressiveopeningtotheir year'sactivityintherealmof theatrewiththepresentation, lastSundaynight,ofHenri Gheon'sPassionplay,''TheWay oftheCross."

Theplaywasperformedon thealtarstepsofSt.Patrick's Church,WestPerth,following onBenediction.

Aplaylikethisdependsupon atmosphere.Itssuccessiscertainifthisatmosphereisachievedandmaintained,aswas thecaseonSunday.TheTherry players,appearinganonymously, bringdeepsinceritytotheirinterpretation,andindicatethe differencebetweensuperficial actinganddeeplivingofparts, inwhichbodyandsoul,in prayerfulapproachandheartfeltperformance,arecalledupon tointerpretthesadnessandthe gloryofthePassionofChrist.

HelpfulBooksFor HOLYWEEK.

"MEMORIALERITUUM," EnglishTranslation. Price2/9.

"OFFICEOFHOLYWEEK" andofthe "PASCHALTRIDUUM." Price5/3.

HOLYWEEKCARDS.6d.each

"MAYOFTHECROSS," Rev.T.J.Bryant. WithColourPlates. Price1/3.

PELLEGRINI&CO. (W.A.)Ltd.

820HayStreet,Perth. AlsoatKalgoorlie. AndatSydney,Brisbane, Townsville,Rockhampton,Adelaide.

CATHOLICWOMEN'S LEAGUE.

OwingtoHolyWeektherewill benomeetingoftheExecutive tillthefollowingweek. TheExecutiveMeetingistobe heldonWednesday,April12th,at 12noon. TheGeneralMeetingwilltake placethesameday,at2p.m.,at theroomsNestleHouse. MembersoftheCottesloeBranch arehostesses.Alargequantityof excellentclothinghasbeenreceivedattheroomsandisbeing distributedtothoseinneed.

Mrs.B.DurackhaskindlydonatedwoolforKnitting. Weekof Masses. Cottesloe Branch.FromApril16to22nd.

NEWMANSOCIETY.

FormanyyearspasttheSundayafterEasterhasbeenobserved throughouttheDioceseasUniversity Sunday.OnthisdayCatholicUndergraduatesoftheUniversityof WesternAustraliaorganisedunder thenameofCardinalNewman unitewiththegraduatesintheir variousprofessionalguildstobear witnesstothefaith'Withinthem andtoAskGod'sguidanceand blessingontheUniversity.

UniversitySundaythisyearfalls on16thAprilanditsobservance takestheformofaspecialMass atSt.MarysCathedralcommencing at8AM.followedbyaCommunion breakfasttoteheldintheY.A.L. Hall,MurraySt..Perth.

Tothisjointfunction,allgradua- tesandundergraduatesareinvited. Allgraduateswasdeliberateforit wasmeanttoincludeallgraduates irrespectiveofwheretheirdegreeswereconferred.Itistheintention oftheexecutiveoftheNewman Societytocontactallknowngra- duatesinPerthbefore7thApril andthosewhoarenotcontacted bythisdatearerequestedtoring eitherMissAnnMeagherM1329) orMr.E.P.Shaddick(MU1900)as soonaspossibletoenableseating arrangementsintheCathedraland Cateringarrangementsforthe breakfasttobefinalised.

Asinotheryearsthequestionof transporttotheCathedralmust largelydependonthegoodnessofthegraduatesplusasmallcontributionbypublictransport.

Itistheearnestwishofthe executivethatthosegraduates whoareattendingtheMassin theirowncarsshouldlendahand inthetransportingoftheundergraduateswhomtraditionandfinanceprecludefrompossessing privatetransportofamorethan rudimentarynature.Wouldall thosewhocandosomethingto relievewhatisalwaysamajor problem,pleaseringoneofthe numbersmentionedaboveassoon aspossible.Thiswillenablepubl- icationinthenextissueof"The Record"ofthevariousroutesalong whichtransporttotheCathedral willbeavailable.

IthasbeenarrangedwiththeMetroBusCompanyforabusto leaveFremantleat7a.m.,proceed- ingtotheCathedral,viaStirling Highway.HampdenRoad.Thomas StreetandKing'sParkRoad.This willenablethoselivingatthe UniversityHostelandalongthe routetoreachtheCathedralin goodtime.Thosewhoanticipatedifficulties inreachingtheCathedral.coulddo nothingbetterthanringeither M1329orMU1900withtheirtroubles.

Theplayitselfisanextract fromalongerplay,"TheMysteryoftheFindingoftheTrue Cross."Inthisshorterversion thefourteenstationsofthe Crossunfoldona"Way"thatis PaulClaudel's.Eachoneisintroducedbyfourlinesofverse spokenbyareciterorguide; whilefourpilgrims,intheir turn,playthepartofwatchers orcharactersinthePassion; thatistosay,theyspeakfor Christ,OurLady,Simonof Cyrene,theholywomen,the soldiers,theexecutioners,the crowd, Otherparishestobevisitedin thisPassiontidetourareRivervale,Highgate,Maylandsand SouthPerth,concludingappropriatelywithaperformance atFremantleonGoodFriday evening.

-DOGBERRY.

RED,WHITE&BLUE

TherearenowsevenRedemp- toristinenuns,whowearsingu-larlystrikinghabitsofred, whiteandblue,studyingtheJapaneselanguageandcustoms inTokyo.

Thefirstfivecametherelast AugustfromHollandtofound thefirstRedemptoristineconvent inJapan.Theothertwo,SistersMarieElizabethandMarie Ange,arrivedrecently.These latterwillstaytherewiththe earlierarrivalsforaboutayear beforegoingtoNishiMaisuruto openasecondRedemptoristine convent.

TheRedemptoristineswill attempttoconvertJapanesenot by buteloquenceandpersuasion, byprayerandcontempla- tion,andliveinstrictlycloisteredconventsoftheircontemplativeOrderoftheMost HolyRedeemer.

TheRedemptoristineswere foundedbytheVenerable MarieCelesteCrostarosaat Scala,Italy,in1731,anddevote theirlivesespeciallytopray- ingforthoseengagedinapostolicworkandforconversions.

YCW ACTIVITIES BRANCHNOTES

Claremont: Ourcricketteamsuffereddefeat atthehandsofNedlandson Sunday19thinst..J.O'Connelland K.Sullivanweretopscorerswhile R.GreenandR.Gleesonsecured mostwickets.

VictoriaDon'tforgetthematchagainst ParkonnextSunday(2nd April.)ItwillbeplayedatRaphael ParkonNo.1pitch. Therewillbenogeneralmeeting onthe7th.(GoodFriday)butthere willbeanexecutivemeetingon Sundaythe2nd. Leederville: SpecialGeneralMeetingwillbe heldinthehallthisMondaynight anditisessentialthatallmembers givetheirattendancetothismeeting.

Y.C.W.AthleticClub: Theathleticseasonfor1949-50 wasconcludedwiththeseconddayoftheClubchampionshipsat LeedervilleovalonMarch18th: Theresultsofthetwo-daymee- tingwereasfollows:

Senior: 100yds:K.Deane1,G.Ward2.C. Johnson3. 220yds:A.DeGruchy 1,T. Meagher2,J.Pash3.

440yds:C.Johnson1,J.Pash2, K.Deane3. 880yds:P.Whyte1,J.Smith2, F,Butler,3. 1Mile:N.MacDougall1.P.Whyte 2,J.Smith3. 3Mlle:J.SmithI. 120ydsHurdles:H.Ehlers1.J. Chilvers2,J.Stewart3.

220yds'Hurdles:J.Pash1,J. Stewart2,R.Ryan3.

440ydsHurdles:H.Ehlers1,R. Ryan2,T,Meagher3.

BroadJump:K.Salt1.H.Ehlers2, J.Stewart. H.S.Jump:H.Ehlers1,J.Pash2, B.Peachey3. HighJump:H.Ehlers1:B. Peachey2. PoleVault:B.Peachey1. Javelin:J.Corbett1,B.Peachey 2,A.Hanley3. Discus:H.Ehlers1,T.Meagher2, J.Corbett. ShotPutt:H.Ehlers1,K.Salt2, D.Hughes3. Hammer:B.Peachey1.J.Pasco2, D.Daly3. 1MileWalk:BPeachey 1, W. Maher2.

2MileWalk:B.Peachey.ChampionAthlete:H.Ehlers,35 points. Runner-up:B.Peachey,32points. Junior:

100yds:J.O'Connell1,J.Pitts2. N.Dallimore3,K.Clarke4.

220yds:J.O'Connell1,K.Clarke

2,K.Barron3, 440yds:J.O'Connell1,K.Clarke 2,K.Barron3,N.Dallimore4.

880yds:I.Asphar1,K.Barron2, N.Dallimore3,D.Flaherty4.

1Mile:G.Lambe1,N.Dallimore

2,C.Balallas3. 120ydsHurdles:J,O'ConnellI.K. Clarke2.N.Kelly3. 220ydsHurdles:K.Clarke1.N. Dallimore2,D.Flaherty3. 440ydsHurdles:K.Clarke1.N. Dallimore2,D.Flaherty3. BroadJump:J.O'Connell 1.J. Pitts2,K.Clarke3,B.Foley4. H.S.&Jump:J.O'Connell1,J. Pitts2.B.Foley3,K.Clarke4. HighJump:K.

National Catholic Girls' MOVEMENT

Headquarters: TherewillbeaCouncil onMonday,3rd.Aprilat8 BRANCHNOTES

Subiaco: Atourlastgeneralmeeting ThelmaMurraygaveusaveryinterestingtalkon"GirlsandTheir Company."

Ournextgeneralmeetingtobe heldonTuesday4thAprilinthe hallat8p.m.shouldbejustasinterestingwithatalkon"Fashion". Thiswillbefollowedbytabletenisis.quoitsandasing-song.We hopetoseealltheoldfacesback again.Don'tforgetyoursubs,and also"Torchlight"willbeonsale.

VictoriaPark:

Despiteanalternateattraction wehadquiteagoodattendance atourlastgeneralmeeting-this wasverygratifying. OnSunday30thofApril,weare holdingaGeneralCommunion, withtheY.C.W.,at7o'clockMass andwehopetohavetheN.C.G.M. representedinlargenumbers.If possiblewearagreyskirtand whiteblouse,butdon'tletlackof uniformdeteryou.

HIGHGATE:

TheBarbecuewasagreatsuccessandwewishtothankthe otherBranchesfortheirattendance.TheQuizprovedthateveryonewasfeelingbrightandenjoy-ingthemselves. BasketBallpracticeisheldin theConventGroundsonSunday morningat10o'clock. Ourweek-endatthe'Lodge'is 6-7thMay,sohandinyournames andmakethefirstoneforthe yearasuccess.

GeneralMeeting,April5th.at8 o'clock.Don'tforgetyourSubs.

SOCIALCALENDAR

1stApril:VictoriaParkDance. 8thApril:SubiacoEasterCarnival. 10thApril:LeedervilleBranch Dance,Y.A.L.Hall.

6thJune:CombinedN.C.G.M.Y.C.W.EbcecutiveDance.Y.A.L. Hall.

SCIENCEOFLUCK.

Thereisnodenyingthatastronomyisagreatscienceand thatinCharitiesConsultations thereisnoscience;it'sallluck. Buyaticketto-dayandyou maywinfirstprize,£3,000,in theNo.537Consultation.

B.Hanney1.J.Meshichelli2,T.Keyson3, E. Knight4. Sub-JuniorChampionAthlete:F. O'Connell,30points. Runner-up:B.Hanney,23points. AWind-upDancewasheldat thePerthTownHallonthe21st March,Ahandsomearrayof trophieswaspresentedbySir ThomasMeaghertotheChampion Athleteandrunner-upineach division,andall,whowonan eventinthechampionships.,Pres- entationsforpointsgainedin

G.Hogan-the coach-anelaboratechrome smoker'sstand.Theboysofthe clubpresentedthisstandtoGerry inappreciationofthetimehespent incoachingthemtobebetter athletesandsportsmeninthetrue senseoftheword.

ALEXRODOREDA

TURFCOMMISSIONAGENT.

802HAYSTREET.

AGENTFORW.A.CHARITIES. RingB5841andB5238.

AVeteranSpeaks

InterviewingtheAmericanjournalistConstantineBrownrecently,GeneralissimoFrancescoFrancorevealed aclarityofvisionandadepthofunderstandingastonishly rareinaU.N.-tornworld.WithhischaracteristicSpanish habitofgraspingthepoint,GeneralFrancodrewattention tothefactthatU.S.hopesforaneasyvictorybasedon superiorwarpotentialtooknoaccountofthemostimportantofallwarweapones-morale.

-"WhatpartwouldSpain playintheeventofanother conflagration?"

-"AsIrecentlytoldoneof yourAmericancolleagues,when speakingaboutSpainandthe WestofEurope,ournation lovespeace;but,knowingthat peacedoesnotdependexclusivelyonourownwill,buton thepossibilityorotherwiseof aggressionsbyothers,wedo notlosesightofthedangers whichthreatenWesternEurope.Asfarasourmeansallow, wearepreparingandwatching, soasnottobetakenbysurprise.

ThemilitaryroleyOuask about,andwhichSpainmay onedayhavetoplay,depends moreonthoseoutsidethanon ourselves.Spainisfirmlyresolvedtoresist.IfSpainwas respectedinanothersituation, whichwemightdescribeassimilar,thiswasduenotsomuch toherarmamentsastoher people'sunanimousdeterminationtoresist,tothesureknowledgethatshewouldnotbean easypreytoanyaggressorand that,whateverhappened,Spaniardswouldselltheirlives dearly."

-"DoesSpainintendtostick toherneutralposition,asin thepreviousworldwars?"

-"Itisnoeasythingtoremainneutralingreatmodern conflagrations.FromtheNapoleonicwarstoourtime,only threecountriesinEurope -Spain,Switzerland,and Sweden-havebeenableto remainneutraland,evenso, oneortheotherofthemhas notalwaysbeenabletoavoid makingconcessions,againstits will,tothebelligerents.Inthe lastwaritwasverydifficult forSpaintomaintainherneutralityinthefaceofpressures andthreats.Inanewwar,at thistimewheninternational lawisinsuchaprecarious state,thepeople'sresolutionto remainatpeacewouldweigh butlittleand,soonerorlater, Spaniards,Swiss,andSwedes wouldinevitablybedragged intotheshambles.

IfallSpainisimbuedwith aresolvetoresist,itisbecause herbitterexperienceofwhat theCommunistyokemeansdeathandterrorinlifeeven foritsownhenchmen-makes itimpossibleforanyofusto thinkthatitwouldbebetter tosubmittothattyrannythan toriskadevastatingwar.For, anendwouldbeputnotonly tofreedom,butalsotothe Faith,existence,andtheborne itself.Whatinothercountries mayactsoftlyorhiddenly, wouldactexplosivelyinSpain. Infaceofthethreatnow loomingoverEurope,ofwhich youyourselveskeeponwarning theworld,wemustcherishno illusions:aftertheUnitedStates,themaintargetofRussian hatredandpropaganda,the countrymoststronglyattacked, isSpain.Ourstrategicandmilitaryimportanceismadeplain bythepossibleaggressor.

ForfiveyearsnowtheCominformanditsagentsinEuropehavebeenkeepingupthe criminalattempttosowunrest inSpainbymeansofbandsof Spanishterroristssentfrom Franceandinfiltratedthrough ourPyreneesfrontier.Neither failurenorthedeathofassailantsandsaboteurshas stoppedthesendingacrossof terrorists,althoughtheyknow fromthestartthattheyare doomedtoutterdefeat.

ThisobstinacyoftheCominformandresponsibleRussians intheWesternendofEurope provesthedeterminedand desperateintentiontocreate centresofresistancewhichmay pavethewayforparatroop unitsatsomelatertime."

THEFOOLISHNESS OFJEOPARDIZING SYMPATHIES ANDFRIENDSHIPS

-"WouldSpain'sattitude possiblybeinfluencedbythe treatmentshehasreceivedin recentyearsfromtheWestern nationsandparticularlyfrom theUnitedStates?"

-"WhatSpaniardscannot understandisthatif,unfortunately,awarispossible,ifthe UnitedStatesmustinescapably beinvolvedinit,thatcountry neverthelessshouldbefoolish enoughtojeopardizesympathiesandfriendships.The Spanishnation,whichinthe lastwarmaintainedafriendly neutralitytowardstheUnited States,whichhashadnodifferenceswithitinthelast fiftyyears,feelshurtbythe unjusttreatmentmetedoutto itininternationalaffairs.And ifweareonedaycalledupon togothrough-ahardtrialside bysidewiththeAmerican people,thisisnotthebestway tocreatethestateofmind neededforsuchanundertaking.ThesufferingsandsacrificeswhichtheSpanishpeople wouldhavetobearforlackof preparationandhelpwould fallbackontheAmericans."

-"DoesSpainneedhelpin theshapeofarmaments,similar tothatreceivedbythecountriesintheAtlanticPactoron thefringeofit,likeGreece, Turkey,andPersia?"

-"Tosendwarmaterialto themembersoftheAtlantic Pactisnotenoughtosetup thenecessaryarmies.Anation mustalsobepreparedeconomicallyandmaterially,itmust beprovidedwithportsand communications;itsmenmust bemobilized,trainedandpreparedtechnicallyandmorally, andtheindispensableinstrumentsofwarmustbegiventheir fullvalue.

Thenationsdonotreally needsoverymuch.Itisvery easytosay:"Wearedisarmed, welackadequatematerial," andthusdisguiseone'slackof inclinationtofight,one'sdesire thatothersshouldfightfor one,whenallnationshave moreorlessefficientwarindustriesabletoturnout weaponsandmunitionsona largerorsmallerscale.Before thelastwarseveralofthem wereself-supportingandproducedmoreperfectandefficient armsthantheRussians. Unfortunately,thebasic weaponsofarmieswerevery littleusedinthelastwar. Wherearethosearmsandthose thatweretakenfromthe Germanarmy?Whathasbecomeofthem?Thethingtodo istofurbishupwhatisavailableandmakeitreadyforwar. Therestisthatlittlewhich otherswouldnecessarilyhave tosupply.

IfSpainhadreliedonothers weshouldnotbehereto-day; ourcountrywouldhavebeen Communistforthelastten years.Welackedarmament; andyetwearmedourselvesand perfectedourarmamentwith ourownresourcesandweonly hadtoimportabout10percent fromabroad.

ALLWEAPONS AREGOODINWAR

Weaponshavenotchangedso muchthatwecanaffordto disregardordespiseolderkinds. Notsoverymuchisneededin thismatterofimprovingarmaments.Nonationeverstarteda warwithperfectoridealarmament.Thereisagreatdifference inpowerbetweenthemachinegunthatfires150shotsaminuteandthatwhichfiresfrom 800to1,000;butthereisvery littledifferenceineffectiveness.

HOLYWEEKCEREMONIES.

LISTOFSACREDMINISTERS

PALMSUNDAY.

Bothareusefulinwar.Ahigh standardinmenandtacticscan makeupformanydeficiencies inarmaments.Wesoldiershave asayingwhichexpressesthis: "Agoodsoldieristheonewho goeshappilyintowarwithany menandanyweapons."Tous, thosewhodonotdothatare coxcombs,notwarriors;and countrieswhichthinkinthat wayaredoomedtofallinto slavery.

Allweaponsaregoodinwar, themostperfectonesforshock andfrontlinetroops,theothers, toarmtherestofthecountry, sincewarwithathirddimensionandtheuseofparatroopers makesitnecessarytoarmthe countrytotallyandmakeit bristlewithrifles.

Thatotherproblemwhichis broughtupatmeetingsofthe Westerners,theunificationand typificationofarmament,isa usefulthingbutnotanindispensableone.Thedifficulties whichmayareowingtothe diversityofarmamentscanbe overcomewithforesightand order.

TheAmericansareproneto makeamistakeinjudgingwar: thatofthinkingtheonlyimportantthingistoaccumulatematerial,believingthatmodern instrumentsofwarcansolve everything;whereas,infact,nothingisofanyuseifitisnot backedbyahighmoraleanda firmresolvetoresistandwin.

Allthatitissoughttodoin EuropeandtheAtlanticPact nationsseemstousveryineffectivesolongasthereisnot thatfirmwillbehindit.Dothe Russiangeneralstaffknowthis?

Ofcoursetheydo.Forthem, SpainandtheUnitedStatesare theonlyonesworthattacking withtheirpropaganda,for,if theyknowofwhatlittleusematerialiswithoutmoralethey alsoknowhowmoralecanbe weakenedwhenitisnotsupportedbythebestmaterial."

OURMANPOWER FORWARISTHEBEST

-"WhatistheSpanisharmy's manpovierandmaterialpotential?"

-"Wehavedoneagreatdeal toimproveourmanpower;itis unquestionablythebestonthe Continent.Wehaveacorpsof generalsandhighofficerstrained inourwarofliberationand technicallypreparedinour SchoolsofWarfareandHigh MilitaryStudies,andacorpsof officersreformedinAcademies afterourwar,aswellasareservecorpsofUniversitymen trainedasofficers,whichisthe mostfaithfulexpressionofthe valueofourIberianvirtues. Since1930ourfactorieshave notceasedtoimproveandperfectourwarmaterial,inspiteof thelackofoutsidehelpandour havingtodevoteourmaineffortstoproducingconsumers' goodsandothersofimportance foroureconomy.Noonecanreproachuswithnothavingdone allwecouldtoimproveourcapacityforresistance.Thiswould beahundredtimesgreaterif ournationcouldgetthenecessarymodernmachineryandmaterialintime.Spaniardsarenot unawareoftheplansoftenbuilt upabroadonthepossibilityof establishingafrontandalineof resistanceinAfrica.ButAmericaandtheremnantsofthe AtlanticPactwouldbeableto doverylittleiftheSovietsever succeededinoverwhelming Spain."

POLITICIANS AGAINSTSOLDIERS

-"WhatisYourExcellency's opinionofthepositionofthe highmilitaryleadersoftheUnitedStateswithregardtointernationalpolicy?"

-"Iknowwhatyoursoldiers think,firstbecausethiscomes outinyourpressandisreflectedintheirownfaces;and,second,because,sincetheyareexpertswithasenseofresponsibilityanddispassionatepatriotism,theyservetruth,asthey serveditinthewar.Iftheir advicewerefollowed,needless tosayAmericawouldnotlag

10.45a.m.:SolemnBlessingof thePalms,followedbyHigh Mass.

Celebrant:VeryRev.DeanRafferty,Adm.

Deacon:Rev.J.Hogan. Sub-Deacon:Rev.M.Ryan. DeaconsofthePassion: Christus:Rev.D.F.Bourke, C.M. Narrator:Rev.A.E.N.Johnston Synagogue:Rev.T.Prendiville.

7.30p.m.:EveningDevotions. Preacher:VeryRev.W.Byrne, O.M.I. SPYWEDNESDAY.

7.30p.m.:Tenebrae, Presiding:HisGracetheArchbishop.

Chanters:Rev.P.McCudden andRev.M.McKeon. LamentationsI.Rev,C.Stinson.

2.Rev.J.Griffin.

3.RevF.Hope. Lessons-

4.Rev.J.Depiazzi.

5.Rev.M.Brennan.

6Rev.M.Byrne.

7.Rev.H.Kelly.

8.RevJO'Brien. behindevents.Politiciansasa rulehaveaprejudiceagainst soldiers;theythinkthemwarmongersimpelledbytheimperialistspirit,whereasthevery oppositeisusuallythecase,for theirknowledgeofwhatwar anditsdevastationsmeanmakesthemwishtoavoiditasfar asinthemlies.Therefore,countriesaregoingthroughacrisis wheretheauthorityoftheir leadingsoldiersisconcerned.If warisspokenofandispossible, itisforthemilitarytosaythe lastwordandtotaketheresponsibilityofpreparingfor war.IfGermany,Italy,and Russiaherselfhadletthemselvesbeguidedbytheirsoldiers, theywouldnothavegoneto war.AtthepresenttimeHitler's mistakesarebeingrepeated. PersonallyIdonotthinksoldierswouldhavelostChinaor thepeaceastheyarenowbeing lost."

UNFAIRPLAY

-"DoesYourExcellency thinkthereisdangerinthepositiontakenupbysomepolitical leadersintheUnitedStates, whobelievethat,whateverhappens,becauseofheranti-Communistattitude,Spainwillbe forcedt,ofightonthesideofthe Westernpowers?"

-"Wearenotunawarethat therearepoliticiansinyour countrywhothinkthat,because ofourresoluteoppositionto Communismandourunshakable andwell-provedrefusaltobow downtoanyforeignpower,we havenoalternativebuttotake yoursideintheeventofaclash withtheEast.Wehavetostate thattheyarenotplayingfair andthattheircalculationsare dangerousandrisky,since,asI havesaid,intimeoftrial,union, love,andcomprehensionare needed;buteventhesearebut littleifmaterialrraansarelacking.Thismaybethemostimportantchanceforyourcountry tohelpandinsureitselfby helpinganother.

Spaindoesnotneedsovery much.Maybesheneedsmoral morethanmaterialhelp,andit wouldaddnothingtothesacrificestheAmericanpeopleare calledupontomake.Whatis obviousisthatthingscannotbe improvisedandthattimelost mayneverberegained.Let everyonemeasurehisresponsibilitybeforehistory.

Iwish,asardentlyasanyone inAmerica,thatanothercatastrophemaybeavoided;butitis youyourselves,yourpolitical leaders,thehighestresponsible chiefsofyourmilitaryforces, andallyourlegislatorsandrulers,whohavewarnedtheworld oftheimpendingthreatofanotherwar.Besides,ifitwerenot so,youwouldnotspendbillions ofdollarsontheeconomicand militarypreparationofthe AtlanticPactnations.Asfaras Spaniardsareconcerned,it wouldobviousbybeeasierand moreconvenientifthosenationscouldwithstandtheonslaughtalone."

9.Rev.J.McNamara. ChoirforTenebrae: Revs.M.Brennan,M.Byrne, J.Bourke,J.Depiazzi,P.Dunne, J.Fitzgerald,J.Griffin,J. Hogan,F.Hope,R.Kelly,H. Kelly,P.McCudden,M.McKeon,J.McNamara,J.McSweeney,J.O'Brien,J.O'Farrell,P. O'Mara,J.Rafferty.

Preacher:Rev.P.O'Mara.

HOLYTHURSDAY.

6.30a.m.:PontificalMass; ConsecrationofHolyOilsand ProcessiontoAltarofRepose.

7.30p.m.:Tenebrae:asonSpy Wednesday. Preacher: A Redemptorist Father.

GOODFRIDAY.

10a.m.:MassofthePresanctified.AdorationoftheCross. Presiding:HisGracetheArchbishop.

Celebrant:Rev.J.Hogan.

Deacon:Rev.C.Stinson.

Sub-Deacon:Rev.T.Ahern. AssistantsatThrone:Rt.Rev. MonsignorE.Kennedy,V.G. Rt.Rev.MonsignorE.Moss.

AssistantPriest:Rt.Rev.MonsignorL.Goody.

Lector:Rev.P.McCudden.

DeaconsofthePassion:Ason PalmSunday.

Sub-DeaconandCrossBearer: Rev.J.Depiazzi.

Preacher:Rev.F.E.Hope. PriestCanopyBearers:Rev.J. Bourke,Rev.J.Fitzgerald, Rev.H.Kelly,Rev.M.Byrne.

3p.m.:StationsoftheCross. Preacher:ARedemptoristFather.

7.30p.m.:Tenebrae:AsonSpy Wednesday. Preacher:AVincentianFather.

HOLYSATURDAY.

8.30a.m.-

BlessingofPaschalFire. BlessingofPaschalCandle. ChantingofLitanies. HolyMassandVespers.

TheCeremoniesbytheStaffand StudentsofSt.Charles'Seminary.

EASTERSUNDAY.

11a.m.:SolemnHighMass.

Presiding:HisGracetheArchbishop.

Celebrant:Rev.J.Hogan.

Deacon:Rev.J.Depiazzi.

Sub-Deacon:Rev.M.Ryan. AssistantsatThrone:VeryRev. J.P.Wilkinson,C.M.,and VeryRev.DeanRafferty, Adm.

AssistantPriest:Rev.J.O'Farrell.

Preacher:VeryRev.W.Byrne, O.M.I.

NOTES.

1.HolyWeekmusicwillbe underthedirectionofRev.A.E. Lynch.

2.TheGoodFridaymorning Ceremoniesintheparishes shouldbeoversufficientlyearly toenableprieststoattendthe Cathedral.

3.Ceremonieswillbeunder thedirectionofRev.R.Kelly andRev.J.McNamara.

4.Onlythosepriestsselected forchoirareexpectedtoattend Tenebrae.

5.Priestsappointedforany functionintheCathedralmust provideasubstituteifunable toattend.TheM.C.shouldbe notifiedofanysuchchangeof ministers.

6.ConfessionsSpyWednesday:12to1;4 to6p.m.,andafterTenebrae.

GoodFriday:AfterStations andTenebrae.

HolySaturday:12to1;4to6 p.m.,andaftereveningDevotions.

7.HisGracetheArchbishop renewsforthepriestsofthe ArchdiocesethefollowingfacultiesgrantedtohimbytheHoly See:

(a)TheFacultybywhich priestswho,fortheconvenienceofthefaithful,areobligedtobinateonPalmSunday,mayomitthereadingof thePassionatthesecond Mass.

(b)TheFacultybywhich priestsareauthorisedtoomit thereadingoftheProphecies intheMassonHolySaturday.

8,Forallfunctionsinthe Cathedral,allpriests(except theMinisters)willvestinthe ChapterHall,andassembleoutsidetheSacristy.

AVeteranSpeaks

InterviewingtheAmericanjournalistConstantine Brownrecently,GeneralissimoFrancesco,.Francorevealed aclarityofvisionandadepthofunderstandingastonishly rareinaU.N.-tornworld.WithhischaracteristicSpanish habitofgraspingthepoint,GeneralFrancodrewattention tothefactthatU.S.hopesforaneasyvictorybasedon superiorwarpotentialtooknoaccountofthemostimportantofallwarweapones-morale.

-"WhatpartwouldSpain playintheeventofanother conflagration?"

-"AsIrecentlytoldoneof yourAmericancolleagues,when speakingaboutSpainandthe WestofEurope,ournation lovespeace;but,knowingthat peacedoesnotdependexclusivelyonourownwill,buton thepossibilityorotherwiseof aggressionsbyothers,wedo notlosesightofthedangers whichthreatenWesternEurope.Asfarasourmeansallow, wearepreparingandwatching, soasnottobetakenbysurprise.

ThemilitaryroleyOuask about,andwhichSpainmay onedayhavetoplay,depends moreonthoseoutsidethanon ourselves.Spainisfirmlyresolvedtoresist.IfSpainwas respectedinanothersituation, whichwemightdescribeassimilar,thiswasduenotsomuch toherarmamentsastoher people'sunanimousdeterminationtoresist,tothesureknowledgethatshewouldnotbean easypreytoanyaggressorand that,whateverhappened,Spaniardswouldselltheirlives dearly."

-"DoesSpainintendtostick toherneutralposition,asin thepreviousworldwars?"

-"Itisnoeasythingtoremainneutralingreatmodern conflagrations.FromtheNapoleonicwarstoourtime,only threecountriesinEurope -Spain,Switzerland,and Sweden-havebeenableto remainneutraland,evenso, oneortheotherofthemhas notalwaysbeenabletoavoid makingconcessions,againstits will,tothebelligerents.Inthe lastwaritwasverydifficult forSpaintomaintainherneutralityinthefaceofpressures andthreats.Inanewwar,at thistimewheninternational lawisinsuchaprecarious state,thepeople'sresolutionto remainatpeacewouldweigh butlittleand,soonerorlater, Spaniards,Swiss,andSwedes wouldinevitablybedragged intotheshambles.

IfallSpainisimbuedwith aresolvetoresist,itisbecause herbitterexperienceofwhat theCommunistyokemeansdeathandterrorinlifeeven foritsownhenchmen-makes itimpossibleforanyofusto thinkthatitwouldbebetter tosubmittothattyrannythan toriskadevastatingwar.For, anendwouldbeputnotonly tofreedom,butalsotothe Faith,existence,andthehome itself.Whatinothercountries mayactsoftlyorhiddenly, wouldactexplosivelyinSpain. Infaceofthethreatnow loomingoverEurope,ofwhich youyourselveskeeponwarning theworld,wemustcherishno illusions:aftertheUnitedStates,themaintargetofRussian hatredandpropaganda,the countrymoststronglyattacked, isSpain.Ourstrategicandmilitaryimportanceismadeplain bythepossibleaggressor.

ForfiveyearsnowtheCominformanditsagentsinEuropehavebeenkeepingupthe criminalattempttosowunrest inSpainbymeansofbandsof Spanishterroristssentfrom Franceandinfiltratedthrough ourPyreneesfrontier.Neither failurenorthedeathofassailantsandsaboteurshas stoppedthesendingacrossof terrorists,althoughtheyknow fromthestartthattheyare doomedtoutterdefeat.

ThisobstinacyoftheCominformandresponsibleRussians intheWesternendofEurope provesthedeterminedand desperateintentiontocreate centresofresistancewhichmay pavethewayforparatroop unitsatsomelatertime."

THEFOOLISHNESS OFJEOPARDIZING SYMPATHIES ANDFRIENDSHIPS

-"WouldSpain'sattitude possiblybeinfluencedbythe treatmentshehasreceivedin recentyearsfromtheWestern nationsandparticularlyfrom theUnitedStates?"

-"WhatSpaniardscannot understandisthatif,unfortunately,awarispossible,ifthe UnitedStatesmustinescapably beinvolvedinit,thatcountry neverthelessshouldbefoolish enoughtojeopardizesympathiesandfriendships.The Spanishnation,whichinthe lastwarmaintainedafriendly neutralitytowardstheUnited States,whichhashadnodifferenceswithitinthelast fiftyyears,feelshurtbythe unjusttreatmentmetedoutto itininternationalaffairs.And ifweareonedaycalledupon togothrough-ahardtrialside bysidewiththeAmerican people,thisisnotthebestway tocreatethestateofmind neededforsuchanundertaking.ThesufferingsandsacrificeswhichtheSpanishpeople wouldhavetobearforlackof preparationandhelpwould fallbackontheAmericans."

-"DoesSpainneedhelpin theshapeofarmaments,similar tothatreceivedbythecountriesintheAtlanticPactoron thefringeofit,likeGreece, Turkey,andPersia?"

-"Tosendwarmaterialto themembersoftheAtlantic Pactisnotenoughtosetup thenecessaryarmies.Anation mustalsobepreparedeconomicallyandmaterially,itmust beprovidedwithportsand communications;itsmenmust bemobilized,trainedandpreparedtechnicallyandmorally, andtheindispensableinstrumentsofwarmustbegiventheir fullvalue.

Thenationsdonotreally needsoverymuch.Itisvery easytosay:"Wearedisarmed, welackadequatematerial," andthusdisguiseone'slackof inclinationtofight,one'sdesire thatothersshouldfightfor one,whenallnationshave moreorlessefficientwarindustriesabletoturnout weaponsandmunitionsona largerorsmallerscale.Before thelastwarseveralofthem wereself-supportingandproducedmoreperfectandefficient armsthantheRussians.

Unfortunately,thebasic weaponsofarmieswerevery littleusedinthelastwar. Wherearethosearmsandthose thatweretakenfromthe Germanarmy?Whathasbecomeofthem?Thethingtodo istofurbishupwhatisavailableandmakeitreadyforwar. Therestisthatlittlewhich otherswouldnecessarilyhave tosupply.

IfSpainhadreliedonothers weshouldnotbehereto-day; ourcountrywouldhavebeen Communistforthelastten years.Welackedarmament; andyetwearmedourselvesand perfectedourarmamentwith ourownresourcesandweonly hadtoimportabout10percent fromabroad.

ALLWEAPONS AREGOODINWAR

Weaponshavenotchangedso muchthatwecanaffordto disregardordespiseolderkinds. Notsoverymuchisneededin thismatterofimprovingarmaments.Nonationeverstarteda warwithperfectoridealarmament.Thereisagreatdifference inpowerbetweenthemachinegunthatfires150shotsaminuteandthatwhichfiresfrom 800to1,000;butthereisvery littledifferenceineffectiveness.

HOLYWEEKCEREMONIES.

LISTOFSACREDMINISTERS

PALMSUNDAY.

Bothareusefulinwar.Ahigh standardinmenandtacticscan makeupformanydeficiencies inarmaments.Wesoldiershave asayingwhichexpressesthis: "Agoodsoldieristheonewho goeshappilyintowarwithany menandanyweapons."Tous, thosewhodonotdothatare coxcombs,notwarriors;and countrieswhichthinkinthat wayaredoomedtofallinto slavery.

Allweaponsaregoodinwar, themostperfectonesforshock andfrontlinetroops,theothers, toarmtherestofthecountry, sincewarwithathirddimensionandtheuseofparatroopers makesitnecessarytoarmthe countrytotallyandmakeit bristlewithrifles.

Thatotherproblemwhichis broughtupatmeetingsofthe Westerners,theunificationand typificationofarmament,isa usefulthingbutnotanindispensableone.Thedifficulties whichmayanteowingtothe diversityofarmamentscanbe overcomewithforesightand order.

TheAmericansareproneto makeamistakeinjudgingwar: thatofthinkingtheonlyimportantthingistoaccumulatematerial,believingthatmodern instrumentsofwarcansolve everything;whereas,infact,nothingisofanyuseifitisnot backedbyahighmoraleanda firmresolvetoresistandwin.

Allthatitissoughttodoin EuropeandtheAtlanticPact nationsseemstousveryineffectivesolongasthereisnot thatfirmwillbehindit.Dothe Russiangeneralstaffknowthis?

Ofcoursetheydo.Forthem, SpainandtheUnitedStatesare theonlyonesworthattacking withtheirpropaganda,for,if theyknowofwhatlittleusematerialiswithoutmoralethey alsoknowhowmoralecanbe weakenedwhenitisnotsupportedbythebestmaterial."

OURMANPOWER FORWARISTHEBEST

-"WhatistheSpanisharmy's manpow,erandmaterialpotential?"

-"Wehavedoneagreatdeal toimproveourmanpower;itis unquestionablythebestonthe Continent.Wehaveacorpsof generalsandhighofficerstrained inourwarofliberationand technicallypreparedinour SchoolsofWarfareandHigh MilitaryStudies,andacorpsof officersreformedinAcademies afterourwar,aswellasareservecorpsofUniversitymen trainedasofficers,whichisthe mostfaithfulexpressionofthe valueofourIberianvirtues. Since1930ourfactorieshave notceasedtoimproveandperfectourwarmaterial,inspiteof thelackofoutsidehelpandour havingtodevoteourmaineffortstoproducingconsumers' goodsandothersofimportance foroureconomy.Noonecanreproachuswithnothavingdone allwecouldtoimproveourcapacityforresistance.Thiswould beahundredtimesgreaterif ournationcouldgetthenecessarymodernmachineryandmaterialintime.Spaniardsarenot unawareoftheplansoftenbuilt upabroadonthepossibilityof establishingafrontandalineof resistanceinAfrica.ButAmericaandtheremnantsofthe AtlanticPactwouldbeableto doverylittleiftheSovietsever succeededinoverwhelming Spain."

POLITICIANS AGAINSTSOLDIERS

-"WhatisYourExcellency's opinionofthepositionofthe highmilitaryleadersoftheUnitedStateswithregardtointernationalpolicy?"

-"Iknowwhatyoursoldiers think,firstbecausethiscomes outinyourpressandisreflectedintheirownfaces;and,second,because,sincetheyareexpertswithasenseofresponsibilityanddispassionatepatriotism,theyservetruth,asthey serveditinthewar.Iftheir advicewerefollowed,needless tosayAmericawouldnotlag

10.45a.m.:SolemnBlessingof thePalms,followedbyHigh Mass. Celebrant:VeryRev.DeanRafferty,Adm.

Deacon:Rev.J.Hogan. Sub-Deacon:Rev.M.Ryan.

DeaconsofthePassion:

Christus:Rev.D.F.Bourke, C.M. Narrator:Rev.AE.N.Johnston Synagogue:Rev.T.Prendiville.

7.30p.m.:EveningDevotions.

Preacher:VeryRev.W.Byrne, O.M.I. SPYWEDNESDAY.

7.30p.m.;Tenebrae.

Presiding:HisGracetheArchbishop.

Chanters:Rev.P.McCudden andRev.M.McKeon.

Lamentations-

1.Rev.C.Stinson.

2.Rev.J.Griffin.

3.RevF.Hope.

Lessons-

4.Rev.J.Depiazzi.

5.Rev.M,Brennan.

6Rev.M.Byrne.

7.Rev.H.Kelly.

8.RevJO'Brien. behindevents.Politiciansasa rulehaveaprejudiceagainst soldiers;theythinkthemwarmongersimpelledbytheimperialistspirit,whereasthevery oppositeisusuallythecase,for theirknowledgeofwhatwar anditsdevastationsmeanmakesthemwishtoavoiditasfar asinthemlies.Therefore,countriesaregoingthroughacrisis wheretheauthorityoftheir leadingsoldiersisconcerned.If warisspokenofandispossible, itisforthemilitarytosaythe lastwordandtotaketheresponsibilityofpreparingfor war.IfGermany,Italy,and Russiaherselfhadletthemselvesbeguidedbytheirsoldiers, theywouldnothavegoneto war.AtthepresenttimeHitler's mistakesarebeingrepeated. PersonallyIdonotthinksoldierswouldhavelostChinaor thepeaceastheyarenowbeing lost."

UNFAIRPLAY

-"DoesYourExcellency thinkthereisdangerinthepositiontakenupbysomepolitical leadersintheUnitedStates, whobelievethat,whateverhappens,becauseofheranti-Communistattitude,Spainwillbe forcedtofightonthesideofthe Westernpowers?"

-"Wearenotunawarethat therearepoliticiansinyour countrywhothinkthat,because ofourresoluteoppositionto Communismandourunshakable andwell-provedrefusaltobow downtoanyforeignpower,we havenoalternativebuttotake yoursideintheeventofaclash withtheEast.Wehavetostate thattheyarenotplayingfair andthattheircalculationsare dangerousandrisky,since,asI havesaid,intimeoftrial,union, love,andcomprehensionare needed;buteventhesearebut littleifmaterialrriansarelacking.Thismaybethemostimportantchanceforyourcountry tohelpandinsureitselfby helpinganother.

Spaindoesnotneedsovery much.Maybesheneedsmoral morethanmaterialhelp,andit wouldaddnothingtothesacrificestheAmericanpeopleare calledupontomake.Whatis obviousisthatthingscannotbe improvisedandthattimelost mayneverberegained.Let everyonemeasurehisresponsibilitybeforehistory.

Iwish,asardentlyasanyone inAmerica,thatanothercatastrophemaybeavoided;butitis youyourselves,yourpolitical leaders,thehighestresponsible chiefsofyourmilitaryforces, andallyourlegislatorsandrulers,whohavewarnedtheworld oftheimpendingthreatofanotherwar.Besides,ifitwerenot so,youwouldnotspendbillions ofdollarsontheeconomicand militarypreparationofthe AtlanticPactnations,Asfaras Spaniardsareconcerned,it wouldobviousbybeeasierand moreconvenientifthosenationscouldwithstandtheonslaughtalone."

9.Rev.J.McNamara. ChoirforTenebrae: Revs.M.Brennan,M.Byrne, J.Bourke,J.Depiazzi,P.Dunne, J.Fitzgerald,J.Griffin,J. Hogan,F.Hope,R.Kelly,H. Kelly,P.McCudden,M.McKeon,J.McNamara,J.McSweeney,J.O'Brien,J.O'Farrell,P. O'Mara,J.Rafferty.

Preacher:Rev.P.O'Mara. HOLYTHURSDAY.

6.30a.m.:PontificalMass; ConsecrationofHolyOilsand ProcessiontoAltarofRepose.

7.30p.m.:Tenebrae:asonSpy Wednesday.

Preacher: A Redemptorist Father, GOODFRIDAY.

10a.m.:MassofthePresanctafled.AdorationoftheCross.

Presiding:HisGracetheArchbishop.

Celebrant:Rev.J.Hogan.

Deacon:Rev.C.Stinson.

Sub-Deacon:Rev.T.Ahern. AssistantsatThrone:Rt.Rev. MonsignorE.Kennedy,V.G. Rt.Rev.MonsignorE.Moss.

AssistantPriest:Rt.Rev.MonsignorL.Goody.

Lector:Rev.P.McCudden

DeaconsofthePassion:Ason PalmSunday.

Sub-DeaconandCrossBearer: Rev.J.Depiazzi.

Preacher:Rev.F.E.Hope. PriestCanopyBearers:Rev.J. Bourke,Rev.J.Fitzgerald, Rev.H.Kelly,Rev.M.Byrne.

3p.m.:StationsoftheCross.

Preacher:ARedemptoristFather.

7.30p.m.:Tenebrae:AsonSpy Wednesday.

Preacher:AVincentianFather.

HOLYSATURDAY.

8.30a.m.-

BlessingofPaschalFire.

BlessingofPaschalCandle.

ChantingofLitanies.

HolyMassandVespers.

TheCeremoniesbytheStaffand StudentsofSt.Charles'Seminary.

EASTERSUNDAY.

11a.m.:SolemnHighMass.

Presiding:HisGracetheArchbishop.

Celebrant:Rev.J.Hogan.

Deacon:Rev.J.Depiazzi.

Sub-Deacon:Rev.M.Ryan. AssistantsatThrone:VeryRev. J.P.Wilkinson,C.M.,and VeryRev.DeanRafferty, Adm.

AssistantPriest:Rev.J.O'Farrell.

Preacher:VeryRev.W.Byrne, O.M.I.

NOTES.

1.HolyWeekmusicwillbe underthedirectionofRev.A.E. Lynch.

2.TheGoodFridaymorning Ceremoniesintheparishes shouldbeoversufficientlyearly toenableprieststoattendthe Cathedral.

3.Ceremonieswillbeunder thedirectionofRev.R.Kelly andRev.J.McNamara.

4.Onlythosepriestsselected forchoirareexpectedtoattend Tenebrae.

5.Priestsappointedforany functionintheCathedralmust provideasubstituteifunable toattend.TheM.C.shouldbe notifiedofanysuchchangeof ministers.

6.ConfessionsSpyWednesday:12to1;4 to6p.m.,andafterTenebrae.

GoodFriday:AfterStations andTenebrae.

HolySaturday:12to1;4to6 p.m.,andaftereveningDevotions.

7.HisGracetheArchbishop renewsforthepriestsofthe ArchdiocesethefollowingfacultiesgrantedtohimbytheHoly See:

(a)TheFacultybywhich priestswho,fortheconvenienceofthefaithful,areobligedtobinateonPalmSunday,mayomitthereadingof thePassionatthesecond Mass.

(b)TheFacultybywhich priestsareauthorisedtoomit thereadingoftheProphecies intheMassonHolySaturday.

8.Forallfunctionsinthe Cathedral,allpriests(except theMinisters)willvestinthe ChapterHall,andassembleoutsidetheSacristy.