The Record Newspaper 15 January 1947

AreChineseRedsMerentPromthoseinRussia?

ViewsofFirst-HandObserversStated LibertyinCaptivityExistsinYenan

ByJAMESF.KEA.ILVEY,

CompetentforeigncorrespondentsandevenU.S.Armyofficers, whohavevisitedRedregionsand dealtwithChineseRedleadersin personsometimesvoicetheopinionthatChineseRedsareofa brandquitedifferentfromthoseof Russia.Themagazine,"World Report,"says:"TheChineseCommunistParty,althoughitstarted outasareplicaofthatinRussia andstillusesthehammer-and-sickle insignia,hasdepartedwidelyfrom theRussianpoliciesandappearsno longertohaveanycloseconnection withtheCommunistPartyofRus. sia"

Arethesemen,whohavefirsthandevidence,insincereorelseentirelywrongintheirconclusions?

Whyisitthatotherfirst-handobserverswhohaveresidedforyears inChina'sRedareasinformus thattheRedshereareessentially thesameasthoseinRussia?

Amanwhospenttenyearswith theChineseRedssumsthewhole thingupinafewsentences:"The Communistsdonotwishtoestab-

lishcompleteCommunisminChina atonce,forChinaisnotyetready. Theymustfirstindustrialisethe country,thenformaproletariat andonlythencommuniseit; thoughsomedon'twanttowaitthe twentyyearsormoreneededtodo itMeanwhile,inRedareas,the Communistminorityholdsthe massesunderit,control,moulding themtoitsownmanneroflife."

ThisexplainslogicallywhyChinese Communists,thoughhavingthe sameaimsastheirRussiancomrades,havenotyetbeenableto carryoutthecompleteMarxist ptogramme.

AninterviewgivenA.P.Correspondent,JohnRoderick,atYenan, lastJanuary,confirmstheabove: "TheChineseCommunistsarecompletely,irrevocablyandaggressivelyCommunistinthefullsenseof theMarxianandLeninistword.. Butitisimpossible,Marxavers, tojumpfromfeudalismtothefinal goal,Consequentlythefirststep zinstbedemocracy.MaoTzetung says:'Onlythroughdemocracycan

onearriveat Theefore,inthebroadareasofChina democracyisinfullflourish,not Communism.Therearenocollectively-ownedfarmsasinRussia Themainthinginthis periodistoplacethepowerinthe handsofthepeople.Thelandlordsmustgo.Therehavebeen dissentersinthePartywhofeel thati:shouldleapfromfeudalism tosocialismover-night.These havebeenscoldedbyMao." ThatshouldmaketheRedprogrammeinChinaperfectlyclear. Democracy(andtheymeanthe Russianvariety,ofcourse)isonly atemporaryexpedient,tobedisciirdedforStateabsolutismas soonaspossible,whentheland thatisnowbeingdistributedtothe poorestofthepoorwillbetaken awayagainandcollectivised.ChineseCommunismdiffersfromthe Russianvarietyonly?becauseitis notyetsofaradvanced.

FromapairofOldChinaHands whoearlythisyearwerepermitted todoaten-dayconductedtourof Yenan,"HolyLandofDemocracy," thepower-houseofCommunismin China,wegathersomedetailsthat helptofilloutthepicture."In thecentralhallofthePartyschool, betweentheportraitsofPresident MaoTze-tungandGeneralChouteh,thestudentsveneratethefour menwhoaretheindisputablemastersoftheirthought:Marx,Engels, LeninandStalin."Foranyone whoknowsthetraditionalChinese distrustforforeigners,thisgiving oftheplaceofhonourtotheBig FourofCommunismisstrikingly significant.

Thereportgoesontopointout thealmostfanaticalenthusiasmof Yenan'sstudents.Therearespecial"WinterSchools"foradults.A personwhoknows100Chinese charactersteachesonewhoknows onlyfiftywhilethelatterteaches beginners,Twowintersareenough toinculcate1p00or1,500charac. tera,whichpermitsthereadingof theCommunistpaper.Theordinarymiddle-schooloftheregion lastsonlythreeinsteadoftheusual sixyearsthroughouttherestof China. TheYen-taUniversityhasseveralhundredstudents,withcourses infinance,padagogyandletters. Thesestudents,boysandgirls,live andstudyincavessixtoacave, theirprofessorslivingandeating withthem,Classesareheldin theopenair.Manyofthestudentsfinishinoneyear,whereas mostChineseuniversitiesrequire four.Oldermenwho,afterafew yearsofprimaryschool,havede. monstratedadministrativeability, skipmiddleschoolentirelytoenter theuniversityforayearofspecialwork.

ThePartyschoolissomething different,aplacewherethefinal touchesaregiventoRedleaders andpropagandists.Thisyearit

areasweretakenoverand2,000 propagandistswereshippedinto them.Noonestayslessthansix monthsormorethantwoanda halfyearsatthisschool.When thePartyneedsastudentforfield workheobeysthecallinstantly. Therearenoclasses;butevery dayallreadtheCommunistnewspaperandthencommentuponit. Discussionsarecarriedonfirstin sectionsoften,theningroupsof forty,andtheninfullassembly, heforethe1,000comrades.These areusuallyintheformofdebates, thoughallspeakersmustkeep strictlywithinthePartyline:no oneevercriticisesthebasicprincipleseitherofCommunismorthe Party."LibertyofThought,ReligiousLiberty,LibertyofSpeech, PersonalLiberty"aresacredexpressionswhichallrepeatlikea Litany."Wetoo,canreadthe Bible,"onestudentsaid"Ourlibraryhasone,Wearefree,just likethepeopleofRussia"

Butinthelibraryeverywhere wasthesamemonotonouslistof CommunistFathers:Marx,Lenin, Stalin,Gorky-historicmaterialism withlittlecompetition.Thesquirrelinitscagehopsaboutandthus possessesacertainliberty.Itis thissort,libertyofcaptivity,says thereport,whichexistsinYenan, "Inadiscussionaboutdialectic materialismwithateacherIcriticizedhimforimposingonhispupils asystemofthoughtwhichhasnot beenproved.Afteranhour's friendlydebatetheprofessoradmittedbeforewitnesses,"I:istrue: mymaterialismhasnotyetbeen proved'.Withthemitseemsthat dialecticmaterialismissimplya meansforunifyingthoughtwitha viewtocommonaction."They neglecttocriticiseit,andteachit asadogma."

Inthiscarefullyguarded"liberty" canYenanCatholicspracticetheir religion?Thebestcommentaryon thatisthefactthattheyhavehad tiremaintenyearswithoutaresidentpriestforthebeautifulcathedral,withonlyanoccasionalvisit fromapassingmissionary.Yet Catholicideasareno;unknownto theReds.ComradeKeue,whose fivetroupesofactorsstageabout twentyperformancesamonth,explainedhowheimitatestheMystery PlaysoftheCatholicMiddleAges: "TheChurchknewthatpeople cannotbetaughtwithdrywords. Youhavetoentertain,'togive somezesttoteachingifyouwant ittobeassimilated.Moreover,it i.;Catholicmissionarieswhohave giventheexampleofthespiritof sacrificerequiredofallCommunists Theyleaveeverythinganddevote themselvescompletely.Communismtriesinculcatethisspirit."

CommentingopenlyontheMusionofLiberty,thereportsays: "Oneofuswhohadbeendragged alonginthedirtbyCommunistsin NorthChinaafterawomanhad

shedidmentionedthistothe Yenanstudents.Theyanswered, "ThatisnotCommunism.Those peoplearebrigands!TrueCommunismisfoundinYenan'!"

YetitisfromYenanthatRed apostleshavegoneforthtospread theirdoctrine,destroyrailroads, murderlandownersanddividetheir properties.Herearesomeofthe tiingsthatarehappeninginRed areas,astakenfromfirst-handreports.

InoneNorthChinaseaport,as scotastheRedstookoverfrom theJapaneseinAugust,1945,all thechamberofcommerce,ofthe boardofeducation,andalldirectorsofschoolswerecompelledto gointotheinteriorforanindefiniteperiodof"re-education",Some returnedafterthree,othersafter sixmonths;othersnevercame back,Absolutesecrecywasimposedonthosewhoreturned,but ,omeofthecaptiveEuropeansstatdtheyhadsufferedorwitnessed inhumantreatment.

All"capitalists"i.e.bankers, landowners,importantmerchants, wereentirelydespoiled of theirgoods,theirhousespillaged, andafterwardstheywerebrought t.trialbythe"people"ie.neighbouringbeggarscooliesetc.sometimesnumbering200to300.Whoeverrefusedtomakechargesag- ainsttheaccusedwashimselfdenouncedasanaccompliceanddespoiledofeverythinghebad,even ifhewasalreadypoor.Asareign ofterrorwasinforce,anysortof accusationwasmadesoastoinsure personalsafety.Finallytheaccusedwasforcedtoadmitthatthe sensationswerealltrue."You hear"hewasthentold,"thevoice ofthepeoplecondemningyou."

Whenthetrialwasfinishedthe punishmenttookplaceandthespeetatorsbecameactorsinahorrible drama.Armedwithlashesand clubs,theybeatthepoorvictim, whowasfinallyparadedthrough thestreetsofthecity,dressedina ridiculousmanner,coveredwithinscriptions,precededbyabandof musicalinstrumentsandfollowed byamob.

Attimesduringthepastyear Americanaviatorslandedatthe city.Theywereaccompanied everywherebyRedsspeakingperfectEnglish,whoforbadeanyof theforeigninhabitantstospeak tothemprivately.Theprudent answerstothevisitors'questions werethereforealways,"No,wedo notneedanything:everythingis goingallright;wehavenocomplainttomake."Somemonths agoreliefflourwasflowninbythe AmericansfortheEuropeanpopulation,butthedistributionwasentrustedtotheRedauthorities,with theresultthatonlyonewhitefamilyreceivedanything.Elevensacks werebroughttotheCatholicorphapage,butthechildrenweretold itwasagiftoftheRussianSovietssentthroughtheAmericans; that'thedourwasfortheorphans aloneandthatthesistersmustbe reportediftheytouchedanyofit. ReddeputiesfromtheMayor's officeconductedanofficialinvestigationoftheorphanageinMay. Theytoldthechildrenthatthereis noGodandthattheywerenot

STALIN.

ForStalintobegivenplaceof honourInChinaissignificant, boundtoobeythesistersany more;theycouldcomeandgo whenevertheywished,andthesistersshouldbereportediftheyaskedthemtoworkagainsttheirwill. TheRedspromisedtopayfrequent visitstoprotecttheorphansagainstthesisters!

TheAmericanswerealwaysreceivedwithgreatpompandgiven whattheyprobablytookfora warmwelcomebytheReds.They didnotknowthatonthefollowing daytheCommunistsalwaysorganisedanti-Americanandanti-Europeanprocessionsinthestreets.

Thepositionofforeignershasbeen toes.miserablefromthebeginning oftheRedoccupation.Forbidden toengageinanyoccupation,such asthecustoms,bankingorcommerce,theyhadnowaytomakea living.Moneywasnotallowedin forthemfromotherplaces,andfor ninemonthsnoonewaspermitted toleavethecity.Thebedsinvadedtheirhomes,madeuseoftheir kitchens,cutdowntheirtrees,went awaywiththeircoal,vegetables, etc.,andtherewasnottheslightestrecourseagainstallthispillage.

WhiteRussiansweresentasprisonerstoRussian-occupiedDairen, wheretheirfamilieswerebroken up,thechildrenplacedinorphanages,thementakenforforcedlabourinSiberiaoratPortArthur, thewomenturnedonthestreets.

Thesestatementsarefrompeople whoknowthesituationwell.Yet morethanoneforeigncorrespondent,influencedbythehoneyed wordsofRedspokesmeninthesafetyofcomfortableShanghaihotels, hasexpressedtheopinionthatthe RedscoulddoabetterjobofrunningChinathantheNationalGovernmentisdoing!Toobadthey couldnotstaylongenoughina RedareatoseeChineseCommunisminaction.

Inallfairness,wemuststate thatincertainpartsofRedChina conditionsarenottoobad:missionariesareongoodtermswith

(ContinuedonPage12.)

KARLMARX.

Chinafloodedwithhiswritings,

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HerbertMorrisonHolidaysinEire

AnticipatesIrishEntrytoU.N1,0.

AhintthatIrelandwouldsoon beadmittedtomembershipof U.N.O.despitethevetoexercised byRussia,wasgivenbyMr.Her. bertMorrisonatapressconferencesintheBelfastCityHall.He declinedtobedrawnonpoliticalissuesinIreland.Mr.MorrisonconcludedhisIrishvisitandreturned toLondonby'plane.

Whenaskedifhehadanycommentstomakeregardingtheex. elusionofPretendfromtheorganisation,duetotheRussianveto, Mr.MorrisonsaidthattheBritish GovernmentrightthroughmanifesteditsgoodwillasdidtheUnitedStaresandanumberofother countriesbysupportingthem."I amsorryitdidnotcomeoff,butI tareafeelingthatitwillcome rightinthenottoodistantfuture," headded.Theywouldbequite gladtoseeIrelandaspartofth..? U.N.O.

Tothequestion:"Whileinthe Twenty-sixCountiesdidyoufinda spiritofgoodwilltowardsBritain, temperedwithadesireforthere movalofPartition?"Mr.Morison replied:"Thereyouareoverthe line."Hewentontosaythatthe peoplewereveryfriendlyasfaras hepersonallywasconcerned.The folkinthevillageofGlengariff 'whereheepetehisholiday)were exceedingly courteous, nothing couldbenicerormorehospitable.

"ThesamethingappliedinDublinwithMr.DeValeraandthe Ministersthere,"headded."They wereexceedinglycourteous and friendly,butIdon'tthinkIcould gobeyondthatandtrytomakea..y politicalinterpretationoutofthat. ThepoliceinboththeNorthand southhavebeenmostattent've."

Theluncheonwasattendedbya fewmembersofbothHousesof Perlilinvent,andbyMajor-General BrookePurdon,UlsterAgentin London, DublinInterview.

AtaPressconferenceinDublin, Mr.Morrisonrefusedtobedrawn theborderissue. "Iwant,"hesaid,inreply to questions,"toavoidallpolitical questions.Iammerelynowhere anholiday," OfhisinterviewwithMr.DeValerahesaid:"Wediscussed the wholeuniverse."

"WasthereanyparticularemphasisonIreland?"hewasasked,

andhereplied:"Irelandispartof theuniverse.Iwillsaynothing further,"

Mr.Morrison'sOptimism.

liefurthersaidBritaindidnet wanttodriftintothemuddlearid chaosthatfollowedthefirstWorW Bar,whencontrolswereremoved recklessly,andagoodtimeoflit monthswasfollowedbyalongperiodbetweenthewarsduringwhx4 theynevergotontheirfeet.

"Ithink,"hesaid,"thisisgoing tobeaveryinterestnngperiodin Britishhistory.Ithinkitisgoing toturnourwell,Ifitshouldnot, thepeoplecanpronouncetheirverdictatthenextelection.

"Onecannotsayyetthatwe havereachedtheidealsforwhich liewarwasfought,Thepolicy o'collectivesecurityadheredtoby Mr.Bevinissomethingmorethan anideal;itispracticalpolitics."

NewSix-CountyEducationBill

CatholicsStillBurdened

CatholicsintheSixCounties willstillhavetobearanimpossible burdenunderthenewStormont EducationBill,issuedinBelfastrecently.

Theconfessionofa65percent. granttoCatholicandothervoluntaryschoolsissubjecttothewillingnessofthemanagersofthe schoolstovestthepropertyintrusteestobeappointedwiththeapprovaloftheMinistryforaperiod ofyearstobedeterminedbythe Ministry;theMinistryregarding "50yearsasthenormalperiodof vestingwhereconsiderableexpenditureisinvolved"

fernsofadulteducation.When thenewsystemisfullyinoperationallchildrenwillreceiveasecoi.daryeducationaftertheageof 11eitherinintermediateschools orgrammarschools, ReligiousInstruction, Religiousinstructionandcollets. :ivedailyworshiparemadecompulsoryfureverycountyandvol. uetaryschool,wriediteprimaryor secondary.Thereligiousinstructionwhichmustbegivenincounty schoolsistobeundenominational.

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Feltisanotherexcitingmediumthatoffersunlimited scopeforyouringenuity.Itis onsaleinFoy'sHomecraft Sectioninmanylovelycolours. Hereisagrandopportunityfor youtosavemoneybymaking yourownChristmasgiftsthis year.

Askedifanyparticularsebjecte werediscussedbetweenhimand themembersoftheNorthernCabinet,Mr.Morrisonsaiditwasuse fulforhimtoknowofthingsthat v.TrebeforetheNorthernGovetnmentforconsideration,inwhich therewasamutualinterest.They didnotdiscussanyhighpolitics.

"CourtesyVisits."

Questionedsetowhetherheput beforetheNorthernGovernment anymattersraisedbyMr,DeVal. era,herepliedinthenegativeexplainingthatneithervisitwasoffi cial.Bothwerecourtesyvisits onhiswayhomefromholidays.

"Therewasnoquestionofmeactingasago-betweenforthetwo Gorernments. Ihavenoauthor. itytodoso."

Anyquestionsrelatingtodomesticpoliticalaffairswereruledout oforderbyMr.Morrison.Ile venturedtheopinion,however,that domesticpoliticsinIrelandwere tethermorecomplicatedthanin Britain,"TheIrishbusinessruns rightthroughit,"hecommented.

NoMessageforLocalLabour.

Whenacquaintedofthefactthat theNorthernIrelandLabourParty werefightinghardforcontrolof municipalaffairsattheforthcomingelections,andaskedifhehad anymessagetoconveytothem,he statedthatasavisitingMinister hedidnotthinkheshouldinterfere intheelectoralaffairsofNorthern Ireland.

Mr.Morrisonaddedthathewas pleasedtorenewtheacquaintanceshipoffordGranville,who,with theCountessGranville,wereadmirablehostandhostesstohimselfandMrs.Morrison.

Heexpressedregretthathewas unabletomeetthePrimeMinister (SirBasilBrooke),whowasat presentvisitinghisson,whowas ili,inLondon.SirBasilhadmore thanhisshareoftrouble,andhe hopedhissonwouldmakegood progress.

Mr.Morrisonwastheguestof theNorthernGovernmentatlunch atStormont.

IlewasaccompaniedbytheDeputyLordMayorofBelfast(Mr. RB.Alexander,M.P.),and,inthe absenceofthePrimeMinister,was receivedbySirEdwardWarnock, KO,MinisterofHomeAffairs.

Aneducationauthoritytoldthe "IrishWeekly"thatwhilethegrant tovoluntaryschoolswasraised from50percent.to61percent., Catholicswouldstillbekeptinan impossibleposition,becausethe :11percent,theywouldhaveto contributewouldbegreaterinactealfactthanthe10percent,contributedpreviously,owingtothe itistlyincreasedbuildingandsupplycostsandthegreatnumberof newschoolstobebuilt Newintermediateschoolswould levetobeerectedinallareasby theCatholiccommunity,andthat wouldimposeanintolerableburden uponthem.

Theexistingschoolswereonly forparochialpurposes,andnew schoolswouldhavetobebuiltin theseareastoeaterforthegreatly ireneasednumberofpupilswhich wouldattendinaccordancewiththe provisionsoftheBill.Thewhole matterwouldcauseveryserious administrativedifficulties. CostofNewSites, Educationalexpertsarewaiting furtherelucidationofthefinancial provisions.Whilementionismade ofthegrantforvoluntaryschools forexternalmaintenance,thequestionofthegrantforheating,lightlegandcleaningalsocallsforsome clarification.

InClause106,-whichprovidesfor the65percentgrantitmaybe pointedoutthatnospecificreferenceismadeintheclausetoa contributiontowardsthecostofa newsite.Whetherthepurposeof theprovisionofnew voluntary primaryschoolsandvoluntaryintermediateschoolsimpliesthepurchaseofthesiteaswellastheactualbuildinghasyettobemade clear.

ThenewBill,whichgiveseffect

t.,theproposalsforeducationalreformoutlinedintheWhitePaper onEducationalReconstructionin NorthernIrelandissuedinDecember,1944,proposestoreformthe wholeeducationalsystemand,with theexceptionofafewsections,to repealallexistingEducationActs.

Thepresentdivisionoftheeducetionalsystemintoelementary, secondaryandhighereducationwhichcoverssecondaryandtechnicaleducatibn-isabolished.In itsplacethestatutorysystemwill consistofthreeprogressivestages, primary,secondary,and further education,youthwelfare,andall

Byreasonoftheir"rightofaccess"toallcountyschools,clergymenmaynotonlygiveandexamine theundenominationalreligiousinstruction,butmayalsogivedenominationalinstruction.Denominationalinstructionmayalsobegivenbytheteachersincounty schools, This"rightofaccess"toschools rontrolledbytheeducationauthor!. tiesisnowextendedtocountysecondaryschoolsofalltypes,The natureofthereligiousinstruction obegiveninvoluntary schools willbedecidedbythoseresponsible forthemanagementoftheschools.

Theupperagelimitofcompulsoryschoolattendanceisto,be raisedfrom14to15andthelower limitreducedfrom6to5.Alocal educationauthorityis, however, empoweredtoraisethelowerlimit from5to5}or6byby-laweither inpartorthewholeofthearea urderitscontrol.Provisionis alsomadefortheupperlimitof compulsoryattendancetoberaised t 16byOrderinCouncilassoon astheMinistryissatisfiedthat thisispracticableandParliament hasapprovedthedraftofthe Order, Localeducationauthoritieswill berequiredbyregulationtoprovidemilkandmealsforallpupils attendingprimaryandintermediateschools(whethercountyor voluntary),andasimilardutywill beplacedonthegoverningbodies ofgrammarschools.Freebooks andotherschoolrequisitesareto beprovidedbylocaleducationauthoritiesfortheuseofallpupils attendingprimaryandintermediate schoolsThisdutydoesnotextend topupilsattendinggrammar schools,butthecostofbooksfor scholarshipholderswill,where necessary,beincludedinthevalue ofscholarships.Thegoverning bodiesofallgrammarschoolswit herequiredbyregulationstomake availablethenecessarynumberof placesfortheholdersofscholar. shipsawardedbylocalauthorities

QUESTIONSCONCERNING

HOLYWATER

"Anxious,"Bayswater,writes

(I)Isittruethatholywater comesoutofaraintank?

A.:Holywaterisordinarywater whichhasbeensanctifiedbythe blessingoftheChurch.Thewater tobeblessedwillbetakenfroma tank,well,ortap,inaccordance withthenatureofthelocalwater supply.

(2)Nextquestion:"AnditIs thenputinabottle?"

A.:Waterwhichistobeblessed ismoreusuallyputintoanopen urn,sothatthepriestmaydropa littleblessedsaltintoitinthe courseoftheceremonyofthe blessingofthewater.

Nextquestion:"Andthenblessed bythepriest.

..A.:Yes,itisapriestwhoblesses thewater,Theblessinggivenby thepriestdoesnotchangethenatureofthewaterorimparttothe wateritselfanyspiritualpower. Thedevoutuseofholywater bringsupontheuserGod'sblessing-especiallypurityofheartand protectionfromevilepirits-not causeofanypowerinthewater, butbecausebyusingholywatera personsecuresforhimselfthe benefitoftheprayerstheChurch hasofferedforallwhomayuseit. Totakeanexamplefromordinary life:alittleinkscratchedacrossa pieceofpaperdoesnotgivethe paperitselfanygreaterpoweror valuebutiftheseratchingsshould happentobewritingandthewords sowrittenshouldbealetterofrecommendationfromapersonof greatmeritandinfluence,weshall findwehavemuchtogainbyusing thepieceofpaper. SoGod,who gavemenhumannature,treats maninahumanway,andblesses thosewhoarerecommendedtoHim bytheChurchthroughtheirusing holywaterwithfaithandasincere desireofpurityofheart.Hereit isrelevanttonotethatthereare manyinstancesintheBiblewhere mentionismadeofGod'suseof waterasameansofconveying blessingstomen,andweChristian. whoknowthatGodhasusedwater andhumanwordstobethemeans bywhichwereceiveintheSacramentofBaptism,thegracetobecomesharersin[bedivinenature, canfeelnosurprisethatheshould permitwatertobeaninstrument ixconferringotherfavoursupon us,NextQuestion:DoCatholics maintainthatProtestantsin greatnumberssupportedHitler inGermany?

DIDPROTESTANTSIN GREATNUMBERS'SUPPORT HITLER?

A:No;Catholicmaintainthat 11-istOurLordistheSonofGod, andthatHefoundedaChurchand guaranteeditagainstfallinginto errorandconsequentlythatallits doctrinesaretrue,buttheyhave, asabody,justnothingtosayabout whatProtestantshavebeendoing inthelastfewyearsinGermany. Catholicslikeanybodyelsedepend fortheirknowledgeofcurrentaffairsonwhat.theyread.Nomatterwhattheircreed,veryfewpeoplereallygotothetroubletofind outwhatishappeninginother countries;however,itisafactthat Catholicswhoareinterestedininternationalaffairshaveeasyaccess toanumberofperiodicalsrunby ablemenwhoareouttoseethat

STOVES:Relinedasnew;old stovestradedinonEnamel Stoves,WA.StoveCo.B6307.

th,newsisreportedtruthfullyand notmerelysoldinscrapsinnewspaperswhoselivelihooddependson sensations,If,then,youwantto knowwhattheseCatholicperioiicatssayaboutProtestantsinGermany,IthinkIcannotdobetter thanpassontoyoutheopinionI myselfhaveformed,largelyasa resultofreadingthem.Itisthis: thatmanyProtestantsinGermany had,especiallyintheearlystages, sympathywithsomeofHitler's ideals,butthatitsoon became clearthatNazismwasopposedto anyformofChristianity.Noone whowassincerelydevotedto Christcould,ordid,giveunqualifiedsupporttoHitler.Noeducatedperson-whetherCatholicornot -wouldaccusetheGermanProtestantsofdoingso. Infact, whileitistruethatCatholicsand Jewssufferedmorethananyone elseatHitler'sbands,manyProtestantsweresenttoconcentration campsfortheirrefusaltoaccept Hitler'santi-Christianprogramme,

HOWCANANON-CATHOLIC BECOMEACATHOLIC?

Nextquestion:WhatdoesapersonhavetodotojointheCatholicChurch?

A.:Thebestthingtodoisto callattheCatholicpresbytery nearesttoyourhouse,asktosee :hepriest,andtellhimthatyou wouldliketoreceiveinstruction, andif,afterhavinghadtheCatholicreligionfullyexplainedtoyou, youstilldesiretobecomeaCatholic,hewillgladlyreceiveyouinto theChurch.

Butrememberthat,inorderto becomeaCatholic,youneedhelp andlightfromGod,sopraytoHim toguideyoutowardsthetruth, TheCatholicfaithisagreatgift fromGod,buthewillnotrefuseit tothosewhoseekitsincerely,

"Askandyoushallreceive,seek andyoushallfind."Youmustremember,too,thatGodhasgiven ouamindtothinkwithanda tonguewithwhichtoaskquestions,soyoumustdoyourpart, too.ChristOurLordwouldhave tosearchforthetruthasfora pearlofgreatprice.

"JustAnother,"SouthPerth: Whydon'tCatholicssaythe Lord'sPrayerinfull?

A.:CatholicsdosaytheLord's Prayerinfull-justasOurLord HimselftaughtittoHisApostles.

NextQuestion:Inoticethatthey omitthewords,"ForthineIsthe kingdomandthepowerandthe glory,forever."

A.:Thewordsyoucitearenot partoftheoriginalprayer.They wereinsertedintothetextbymistake.Yousee,beforeprinting wasinventedtheBiblewasspread bytheslowprocessofcopyingout thewholethingwithpenandInk Thisworkwasdonechieflybythe monks.Itwouldseemthatsome onehadwrittenthebeautiful wordscitedbyyouonthemargin ofhistextofthegospel,andthat latersomeoneelsecamealongand copiedoutthewholeofthegospel, andoncomingtothisparticular pageofSt.Matthew'sGospel,copiedoutnotonlythetextbutalso the.noteinthemargin,Allthis happenedlongbeforetherewere anyProtestants,butlater,when theAuthorisedProtestanttranslationwasbeingproducedthecompilersdidnotknowthktthese wordswerenotpartoftheoriginal andtheyinsertedthemintothe Englishtext.TheRevisedProtestantVersion(1891)hasomitted them,andallscholarsareagreed thattheydidnotformpartof Christ'sprayer.

MENMUSTBELIEVEGOD EXISTSANDREWARDS

011011

"Jack0Perth,"City: Frequentlythereverendsconductingyoursessionhavesaidthat Christcommandedallmentobe Catholics A.:Thatisso."Ilethatbelievethandisbaptised,"saidChrist, "shallbesaved."Hethatbelieveth notshallbecondemned.

..NextQuestion;"Butthataman whofailedtobeaCatholicbecausequitehonestlyhedidnot seethattheCatholicChurchwas right,wouldnotbeheldaccountable,"

A.Thatisso,too,butthefact thathewasingoodfaithinremainingoutsidetheChurchandnot evenawareofhisdutyofenquiring intotheCatholicFaithwouldnot meanthathewasexcusedfromobservingthehawofGodinother matters.Godwouldforgivehim fornotbeingaCatholic,butthat doesnotmeantosaythathecould bedishonestinhisbusinessdealingsorunfaithfultohiswife.with impunity.

NextQuestion:"Well,howabouta manwhobelievedJustnothing: couldhebesaved?"

A.:Noonewhohasreachedthe useofreasonwillbesavedunless hobelievesthatGodexistsandis arewarderofthegood.St.Paul says,"WithoutfaithitisimpossibletopleaseGod;forhewho comestoGodmustbelievethat GodexistsandthatHeisarewardertothosewhoseekHim."

Yousee,thehumanmindsoeasilyinferstheexistenceofGodfrom Leknowledgeofthethingshehas madeandsoeasilycomestoa senseofresponsibilitytoGod,that amancouldnotpossesstheuseof reasonandremaininculpablyin ignoranceofGod'sexistenceand thenecessityofrenderinghiman accountofone'sactions.

ARETHEREREAL ATHEISTS?'

Nextquestion:"Whataboutan atheist?"

A.:TherearemenwhohateGod, :herearemenwhohavea very hazynotionofGod,therearemen whocannotfindasatisfyingstatementoftheproofsforGod'sexistence,andtherearemenwho trysohard.Theytry so hardtoconvincethemselvesthat therehenoGod,thattheyvery nearlysucceed;but I doubt whetherthereissuchathingasan atheist-amanwhodoesnotbelieveinGod,Inanycase,since theevidenceforGod'sexistenceis ofakindthatanyonecangrasp, noonecouldpossessIhefulluse ofreasonwithouthavinganopportunityofcomingtotheknowledge ofGod. Butpleasedon'tthink thatIampretendingtohaveaninsightintothemindsofallmenor tobeabletopassjudgmentonthe honestyoftheirconvictions.My pointisthatGodHimselfhasrevealedtousthroughHisApostles thatmencaneasilydeducetheexistenceofGod, St,Paulsays:"Forthewrathof Godisrevealedfromheaven againstallungodlinessandwickednessofthosemenwhoinwickednessholdbackthetruthofGod, seeingthatwhatmaybe known aboutGodismanifesttothem. ForGodhasmanifestedittothem. Forsincethecreationoftheworld Hisinvisibleattributesareclearly seen-Hiseverlastingpowerand divinity-beingunderstoodthrough thethingsthataremadeAndso

:heyarewithoutexcuse,seeing that,althoughtheyknewGod,they didnotglorifyHimasGodorgive :hanks."

1 think,then,thatevenifwe admitthatthereissuchathingas anatheist,weshouldnotbeableto exempthimfromthecondemnation:"Hethatbelievethnotshall becondemned."Thefailureto believewould,apparently,bedueto hiswilfulmisuseofthepowersof rtasoninggiventohimbyGod,

ATEMNITYWITHGOD

"FreeLance,"ShentonPark,asks: Wouldyoupleaseexplainwhatis meantbymortalsin?

A.:Asinisanywilfulthought, word,deed,oromissionagainst thelawofGod.Allsinsareevil, andamanshouldbepreparedto givehisliferatherthancommita sin;butsomesinsaremoreevil 'banothers.Forinstance,itisa sintostealtenshillingsevenfrom amillionaire,butitisamuchmore strioussintostealtenshillings fromapoormotherwhoiswholly dependentonitforthesustenance ofherselfandherchildren.Now, amortalsinisasinthatissoseri. ,usthatitdeprivesthesoulofits supernaturallife.

NextQuestion:WhyIsItcalled mortal?DoesItkillthesinner orwhat?

A.:Amortalwoundisawound thatdeprivesamanofhisnatural life;amortalsinis,asIhavesaid, asinthatdeprivesaman'ssoulof itssupernaturallife.

Possiblyyouwillbepuzzledby thisreferencetothesupernatural lifeofthesoul, Well,youmay rememberhowChristOurLord lookedrounduponthemenabout Him,menwhowereinthefullvigouroftheirordinary,natural,humanlife,andsaid,"Ihavecome thattheymayhavelife."Itwas tothissupernaturallifethatHe wasreferring,Onanotherocca. sionHesaid:"Unlessamanbe bornagain,hecannotenterthe kingdomofGod."Sojustasman entersuponhishumanlifebybeing born,sohemustbebornagain,i.e., receiveanewandhigherlifeabove beforehecanhavea placein Christ'sKingdomorChurch.Briefly,whenheisbaptisedheisre. bornandliveswithanewlife,altogethersuperiortothelifethatis naturaltoman;hebeginstolive withthelifeofGod;hebecomesa brotherofChrist,andisadopted intoGod'sfamily,sothathebecomesinaveryrealsenseachild ofGod,andalsohebecomesas heirtoGod'splaceinGod'shome, i.e.,inHeaven.Sincenomanhas anyrightwhatevertothissupernaturallife,butreceivesitasa

(ContinuedonPage15.) WhenHealth

ReliAiousPersecutionas anInstrument

ofPolicy

YugoslavViolationof U.N.O.Charter

StepinacCaseShouldbe FormallyExamined

ByJOHNLAFARCE,

TheeaseofArchbishopStepinatz representstheemergenceofreligiouspersecutionasaninstrument ofpolicy,andthatemergenceIsa threattointernationalpeace.As such,itisrightlytheconcernof theUnitedNations. Whatwill theSecurityCouncildoaboutIt?

Ihadheardsomethingoftheterribleharshnesswhichtheruling elementinYugoslaviaexercisedtowardthosewhowerenoroftheir nationalityortheirfaith;butit wasonethingtohearofsuch harAness,anothertohavetheevidencethrustuponyou.TheArchbishopbelieveditwastimethat peopleintherestoftheworldsaw somethingofthatevidence.Openingadrawerinhisdesk,hetook outandhandedtomeacontraption madeofleadenweightsandanautomobilechain."This,"hesaid, "isascourgewithwhichsomeof mypeoplehavebeentorturedby someofthegangnowinposter."

TheArchbishop-hisnamewas AkrysiusStepinatzandthiswasin thepleasantoldquondamAustrian townofZagreb,inMay,1938-was anunforgettable personality: young,tall,ofathleticbuild,witha direct,candidglanceandaneasy, democraticapproachthatmade himseemmorelikeanAmerican thanaEuropeanprelateintheBal. kilns.IfthescourgewasExhibit A,hehadasExhibit13alittlepiece

ofpaper,asignedreceiptofpaymentforatriflingsum]ACroatianpeasantfarmerhadapieceof propertywhichhappenedtolieon bothsidesoftheYugoslay.Hungaritinborder,Ahalf-dozentimesa daythepeasantpassedoverthe borderonthewaytomilkhiscows ortendhisgarden.Eachtimehe flourishedhispasshewasgreeted byanodandasmilefromtheSerbianguardsattheboundary.One daythegoodmanforgothispass. Hewavedandmadeasignalofexplanation.Theguardswavedback tohimandshothimdead.The documentwasabillmadeoutto theman'sson,forthepowderand labourexpendedinshootinghis father,"incompliancewith the law."Amount,ifIrecollect, about1.30dollarsinourmoney.

"This,"saidArchbishopStephs. ate,"isthewaythatthingsare beingdoneinourcountry."And suchthings,suchcruelties,suchinhumanitiesandpersecutionsofmen fortheirnationality,theirlanguage,theirreligion,heexplainedto me,meantwar.Andwaritsoon didmean,hellletlooseoverhis ownYugoslavia, ItwasthismeetingwithArchbishopStepinatzwhichintroducedme totwothingsthathaveleftanineffaceablememory.Thefirstwas theintroductiontoa magnificent personality:amanwhoboreupon eeryrichinchofhimthestamp ofanapnstnliemanofGod,agen.

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alfriendofallclassesandkinds ofpeople,andacourageousvindicatorofhumanrights.Thesecondwasanintroductiontonew formsofreligiousandracialpersecution,

Thearrest,thebrutaltrialand thesentencingofthesameArchbishopStepinatzonOctober12oflast yeartosixteenyearsofhardlabouronunprovedchargesinatrial whichwasflagrantlyone-sided, hovedonefortheworldwhatthat meetinginZagrebdidpersonally forme.Fortheheroismandmajesticresignationwithwhichthe Archbishophasfacedtheseevents laverevealedthatpersonalityto theworld.Theyhavespreadupon thepagesofhistorythecharacter andtheutterancesofamanof whomcomparativelylittlewas knownbutafewweeksback.And theseeventshavelikewiseintroducedthewholoworldto:hepresenceofreligiouspersecutionsas agrowingmenaceinourtime,to itscrueltyanditstreacheryaptlysymbolisedbythescourgeand thefrontierincident-andtoits threattointernationalpeace,

TheringingvoiceofCardinal SpellmanhasproclaimedArchbishopStepinatzasamartyrtotruth andjustice,CardinalMooney hasdeclaredthatsocialsilencein thefaceofsuchatrialisinconsistentwithUnitedStatesforeignpolicyinregardtoliberated,Europe.

ArchbishopGushing,ofBoston,has denouncedthetrialas"thecrudest kindofpoliticalpropsganda,"and a"campaigntodiscredit the Church,"ArchbishopMeNicholas, ofCincinnati,urgesthatpriests andpeoplerequestourGovernment toprotestagainstthepersecution.

ArchbishopKiley,ofMilwaukee, andRummel,ofNewOrleans,and BishopEustace,ofCamden,have spokeninthesameway,

ThestatementofCardinal StritchthattheindictmentofStep. hintswasa"travesty,"andasking forprotestsuponthepartofour Government,coincideswithasimilardeclarationonthepartofCar. dinalGriffin,ArchbishopofWestminster,inEngland;whilethe"Os-ervatoreRomano,"speakingfor .1teVatican,hasshownthebase. lessnessofthesixchargesmile againsttheArchbishop.

Ifyouwillconsultthe"Catholic Mind"forFebruary,1944,youwill findthereinArchbishopStepinatz' ownwords,giveninasermonhe preachedontheFeastofChrist theKing,October,1912,andbroadcasttoGermanybytheVatican radioonJuly6,1943.OnthisoccasiontheArchbishopsaid:

TheNazistaughtusthatretiemepersecutionbaseduponracial theorywasaprimemoverofwar sndamenacetothepeat.eofthe world.Ifsuchtheoriesareapplied,askedArchbishopStepinats, ";i0thereanysafetyforapeople onearth?"To-dayweknowthat religiouspersecutioninanyformis amenace,andthereforewe shouldbeblindlyneglectfulifwe failedtomakeuse,forthatpurpose,ofsuchorganisedmachinery isatpresentwehaveavailablefor bringingthismatterbeforethe judgmentofthepeoplesofthe world.

Inafewdays,theGeneralAssemblyoftheUnitedNations'will conveneinNewYorkCity.Itseems tome,therefore,altogetherfitting, nottosayimperative,thattheissue presentedbythecaseofArohhisbcpStepinatzshouldbebrought beforetheAssembly.Thatissue isnotsimplythecaseofwrong,'I,flicteduponasingleindividual, howeverworthyhemaybe.Itis thewideissueoftheemergenceof religiouspersecution,deliberately, coldlyplanned,asaskilledinstrumentofpoliticalpolicy.Andthat emergenceisofitsnatureathreat tothepeaceofthewholemodern world,

Thereisnothingnoveloroutof orderinsuchaproposal.The GeneralAssembly,byArticle10of thepresentCharter,"maydiscuss anyquestionsoranymatterswith:n,hescopeofthepresentCharterorrelatingtothepowersand functionsofanyorgans provided forinthepresentCharter,"it Mayalsomakerecommendationsto theSecurityCouncilonanysuch questionsormatters.TheGen. eralAssembly,too,accordingto Article11,3,"maycalltheattentionoftheSecurityCounciltosituationswhicharelikelytoendangerinternationalpeaceandsecurity,"

TheCharter'sprinciples,however,arespecificallydefinedand madeknownintheDeclarationof Purposes,Article1,3,oneofthese principlesbeing"promotingandencouragingrespectforhumanrights andforfundamentalfreedomsfor allwithoutdistinctionasiosex, race,languageorreligion. The sojectiveisclearlyeta-

showthatthisisaquestionthat concernsthecivilrightsofpeople everywhere.

Theculpritinthisinstaorisnot auoutlawnation,butoneofthose representedintheNuclearCommissionchargedwiththepreparationsfortheUnitedNationsGMmisslononHumanRights,Itis impossiblefortheUnitedStates, eitherasamemberofthatCommission-to-be,orofany other branchoftheUnitedNations,to keepitsself-respectandestablish itsrecordforconsistentconductin futureyears,ifitallowstheflagrantemergenceofreligiouspers.cation,andofminoritypersecutionunderreligiousguise,togounheededandtuiprotested.TheremarksmadebyDeanAcheson, Under-SecretaryofState,inwhich heexpressedhisuneasinessand concernoversuchasituation,indicatethatourownStateDepartmentistosomedegreeconscious ofthedangershowntoitsown honestyandintegritybyremaining silentundersuchcircumstances.

Whattheconcreteresultswould beoftheGeneralAssembly's"re. commendation"tothe Security Council,IcannotdefineThisas yet,isanunexploredregionin U,N.'sbriefhistory.Butthatwe donotknowwhattheresultmight beisnoexcuseforneglectingto availourselvesoftheopportunities wesoabundantlyandrightfully possess.

Weassertthateverypeople andeveryracewhichhasbeen formedonearthto-clayhasthe righttolifeandtotreatment worthyofman.Allofthem withoutdistinction,betheymembersoftheGypsyraceorofanother,betheyNegroesorcivilisedEuropeans,betheyJewsor Aryans,allofthemhaveequal righttosay:"OurFather,who artinHeaven." IfGodhAs grantedthispowertoaTinuman beings,whatworldlypower coulddenyit?

Iftheaxiomatictheoriesofracearecarelesslyapplied,isthereanysafety forapeopleonearth?Noone hastherighttokillbyhisown whimortoharmmembersof otherracesornationalitiesin otherways. Eventhemost primitiveofmen,whateverhis namemaybe,towhateverrace ornationhebelongs,bearsthe stampoftheLivingGod,hisimmortalsoul.

Itisthisman,andcountless etherinnocentmenlikehim,who arebeingbetrayedandscourgedin Yugoslaviato-dayforthecrimeof beingfaithfultoGod,totheirreligiousbeliefs,andforbeingch.smpionsoffreedomforallmankind.

Thatsuchcasesoftheirvery natureareamatterofinternationalconcernisoneoftheprimelessonsoftheNurembergverdict:not onlyamatterofinternationalconcern,butofthelawofnationsitself.Returningfromaten-months' missiononthesraffofJusticeJackson,FatherEdmundA.Walsh, S.J.,vice-presidentofGeorgetown I'niversity,andregentof the SchoolofForeignService,wrote thefollowingfortheNationalCatholicWelfareConference: Nolongercanagovernment launchanaggressivewaroroutragecommondecencyunderthe protectionoftheimmunitypreviouslyclaimedforasovereign state.WhatNurembergachievedwastoputallgovernments onnoticethattheyareresponsibletothecommonconscience ofhumanityaswellastothe narrownationalinterestsofa givenstateorthedirectivesof theirovhitlegislatureortheordersofsometemporarydictator.

Asaresulttherightsofminorities,thedignityofhumanpersonalityandtheinviolabilityof religionhavebeenvindicatedby judicialaction,andcrimesagainst thesebulwarksoffreedomhave beenpunishedbyconcretepenaltiesinthenameandbytheauthorityoftwenty-onenations.

Itmustalwaysberemember edthat.theNurembergtrialwas notanactofreprisalbythefour _greatPowerswhosatonthe bench. Theywere.thespokesmenandtheagentsoftwentyonenationswhichsignedthe CharteroftheCourtandbade theiragentstakesuchactionas theevidencewarranted.

Thisisnotmerelyaninstanceof asaintlyandwrongedArchbishop. ThewordsofAssociateJustice JacksonatBuffalo,inhiscommentuponthetrialsatNuremberg,

MillionsofCatholics,andthou. sandsofCatholicorganisationsin thiscountryandabroad,arewill. mgtolendmoralsupporttosucha countryhavealreadyrecommended totheirpeoplethattheymake theirvoicesheardinnouncertain terms.Millionsofothersnotof ourfaith,butconsciousoftheillimitableharmthatreligiousandracialpersecutioncaneffect,once itisletlooseupontheearth,will brwillingtojoinwithuswhenwe makeourownconcernknown,But theimportantthing,itseemsto me,istodelaynolonger;itisfor ourownUnitedStatesGovernment togetbusyandseethatthemoral issueofhumanrights,andthe threattointernationalpeaceinvolvedinthecaseofArchbishop Stepinatz'condemnation,shallbe placedsquarelyattheoutsetupon theagendaoftheGeneralAssemblyoftheUnitedNations.Ifthis caseisallowedtogobydefault, thegroundlostwillnoteasilybe recovered.

ThecouragewithwhichtheArchbishoprebukedthetorturersin 1938,withwhichheshelteredand liberatedcountlessJewsinthewar years,andgaveharbourtotheexiledSlovenes,clergyandlaity,with whichhefacedhisragingcaptors andrespondedinmeasuredsimplic. itytotheirjeeringreproachesmaysomeofthatcourageinspire usinrousingthemachineryofthe UnitedNationstoactinthisinstanceagainstalivingandactive menaceinourmidst.Certainlyit isacapitaltestoftheabilityof thatmachinerytoachievethepurposesforwhichitwasexplicitly created.

HaveyourRacquetRestrungor RepairedbyNorm.Beast,expert stringer,14BonMarcheArcade.

RodBeaton's Hannan'sHotel

HANNAN

T.

TOLET.

"PETERPAN"

DelightfulProductionatHisMajesty's

TheChristmasattractionatHis Majesty'sTheatre,SirJamesBarrie's"PeterPan,"isstillattractinggoodhouses,particularlyatthe dailymatinees.

Thestoryissowellknownthat arecapitulationwouldbesuperfluous.Indeed,anyonewhoseintro. AuctiontoPeterPanwasviathe charmingnovelbyBarrieshould countthemselveslucky;forIam morethaneverfirmlyconvinced thatBarriereadsmuchwetterthan heplays.

GloriaMellodyiscertainlythe staroftheshow.Shehasanexcellentfigureforthepartandexquisitecolouring.Shefitsinto thepopularconceptionoftheimmortalPeterPanasahandshould fitintoaglove.Hernaturaladvantagesarebackedupbyatalent

to,tealactingandafleetnessof footthatlendscredencetothose spectacularflightsthroughtheair attheendofastagewire.

SunnyBridges,asWendy,is adequate.Theroleisonethat callsfortheexerciseofagreat dealofpersonalcharmandthe creationofastrongbondofsympathybetweenaudienceandactress.

Tochildrenallovertheworld theexcitingandfascinatingparade ofallthepeoplewhoinhabitthe Neverland-fairies,RedIndians, pirates,andLostBoys-mustbe anunforgettableexperience.It ishirethatBarrie'sgeniusfor ticklingthechildishfancytriumphs.Thisishisstrength.For thiswashecalledintotherealm ofliteratureandforthisshallhe stay.

Thesettingsaregenerallysuitable,andinsomeinstancesoutstadding.Bestoftheseisprobablythe"HomeUnderground,"althoughthescene"AboardtheJolly Roger"alsocommandsmuchadmiration.

CATHOLICWOMEN'S LEAGUE

STATEMENTOFTHEDI& TRESSEDPRIESTSINEUROPE FUND.

Thisfundissteadilygrowing. Donationsofmoney,woolclothes andfoodarebeingreceived.Six parcels,weighingelevenpounds each,havebeensenttopriestsin Italy,France,andAustria,and manymorearebeingprepared.A largequantityofwoolhasbeen purchasedandisbeingknittedup intowarmgarmentsbywith= hands.Thefollowingisa,netof donationsreceivedintheorder named:-

Nedlands £2;Maylands C.W.L.,£3;VictoriaParkC.W.L., £2:ghentonParkC.W.L.,10a.; Mrs.O'Connor,10e.;Mrs.andMiss Mulcahy,£55s;Conventofthe GoodShepherd,133s;St.Johnof God's,Subiaco,£5;Mr.J.H.Glow. rey,£22s;Mrs.A.Murphy,£3;St. JehnofGod's,Geraldton,£1ls; Mrs.Walker,10s,;MissMartin£1: 3Irs.Keenan,£1;Mrs.Keilor,108.; Mrs.Meharry,10s;Walsh's,Ltd., £1ls;Mrs.Kinnane,10s;Mrs. Macgregor,5s.;Mrs.Robinson, 'Koorda,£1;MissFitzpatrick,16e: Mrs.Noonan,£22s;MissesStan. bury.£1;Mrs.Daly,108.;Mrs. Eastcott,6s.;Rev,FatherLangmead,£1;DudleyandDwyer,£2 2s:Mr.E.Kelly,£1;Mr.Stan O'Brien, is;Mr.O'Heney, KalgoorlieC.W.L.,£2;Mr.and Mrs.Duignan,£55s;Mrs.Musk, £5;Mrs.T.D.Murphy'sBridge Party,£110s;Mr.Doyle,£1;Mrs. .1.P.O'Hara,£1;MinsA,Walsh, 10s;Mr.H.McGrade,1; Mrs.R,D.Lane.10s.(postageonparcel);Mr.L.S.Smith,7s. (Postageonparoel);Mrs.J. O'Dea, lls (postageonparcel, Total,£646s6d.

Garmentsandgiftsinkindinclude:Mrs.Ryan,socks;Mrs.R. D.Lane,£1worthofclothing;Mrs. Parnell,wool;Mrs.Goody,wool; Mrs.Child,pyjamas:Mrs.Mac gregor,men'sclothing;MissFitzpatrick,men'sclothing;Mrs.J.P. O'Hara,coats;Mrs,O'Dea,coats; Mrs.II.Smith,sugar;Mrs.Jenkins,socks;LoretoConvent,socks: Mr.G.Younnes,clothing;CottesloeC.W.L.,caseoffood,clothing; FatherFahey,overcoat:Cathedral C.W.L.,wool;Mrs.Durack,wool; Mrs.O'Sullivan,clothing;Mrs. Maxwell10s.wool.

Moreknitterswouldbewelcome. MesdamesMax*ell,Fogartyand Goodyaredoinggreatworkwith theknittingneedles,butthereis stillalargequantityofwooltobe madeup,

BOARDANDRESIDENCE.

WantedBoardandResidence'or countryboy,age14;nearHighgate. ChristianBrothers'.Fullpartiou larstoMrs.M.O'Neil,Wialki.

Wantedbyyounggirl,Boardand LodgingwithCatholicfamily,vi'!. laityofTeachers'TrainingCol. lege;fromFebruary7. Reply Box18,BruceRock,

Relinedcouple,intendingmar. liege(bannscalled),seekaccom. modation,Flat,RoomwithKit. chenette,orsimilar.Wouldsome kindpersonhelpus,please?0.11, thisoffice

YoungladywouldgreatlyappreciatesmallFlatorBoardin B.C.home;walkingdistancecity preferred.Replythisoffice.

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FullBusinessCourse(48weeks), £24. PayablelOs.Weekly.

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MetropolitanBusiness College

NextMetroTreatre(upstairs), WILLIAMSTREET.

Tel.:B6406.

ThemanagementofGeneral AmusementsLtd.Istobecomplimentedonitsinitiativeinsecuring theplayingservicesofseveral localartists.MadgeSearcy,ShirleyGeddes,RichardGertseland IvanSmithhaveallcomeunder thefavourablenoticeofthispaper onotheroccasionswhentheyhave displayedtheirtalentbeforePerth audiences.TheEvelynHodgkin_ sonSchoolofDancing,too,isa localinstitutionwhichcontributes tothesuccessof"PeterPan,"it isagoodthingtoseelocaltalent receivingwell-deservedreeognitloo intheprofessionalsphere.Itis tobehopedthattheprofessional theatrewillbeworthyofouryoung actorsandactresses,forIhave nottheslightestdoubtthatthey areworthyofit.

Biggestdisappointmentinthe wholeshowwastheunimpressive debutofArundelNixon,self-styled KingoftheKads.Hismanner wasmorethanalittlereminiscent -painfullyso-ofthehorrible clowningofClaudeFleming.His interpretationofthemoreserious rolesthatawaithiminforthcomingplayswillbewatched'withinterest.

"PeterPan"willberepeated daily(matineesonly)throughout theremainderoftheschoolvacation.

-DEGITSTIBUS.

Donationsmaybesenttothe President,Mrs.Maxwell,10Nestle House,andtheroomsareopen everyWednesdaytoreceivegifts forthefundanddistributewool forknitting,

LEAVINGCERTIFICATE RESULTS

Thefollowingresultsrepresent additionsandcorrectionstothelist publishedinourissueofthe8th inst:-

ThefinalfiguresfortheCatholic schoolsoftheArchdioceseare92 percent.completeandpartial passes;distinctions117.

McGrath,Leo:1,3,8,10,11,12.

Manessis,S.C.:1,3,10d,lid, 12,13d,22.

Morris,GertieRuby:1,5,10,14, 18d,24.

Moseley,VivianBernice:1,4,10, 11,10,24.

Murphy,Kevin:1,4d,10,11,12, 13,22,

Murphy,ThereseM.:1,3,4,8, 10,19,

Smith,Audrey:1,9,16d,18d,19, 21.

Wilson,Leslie'H.:1,8,18. Vernon,G.L.:1,9,1.6.

FurnishedRoomtolet,withuse ofkitchen;closetobusandtree; suitbusinessgirl;referencesre. quired. Apply68Clielmsforillroad,Mt.Lawley.

WANTEDTOSELL

Wantedtosell,numberpinedial SchoolDesks.RingWM11150.

BE KIND TO YOUR EYES.

'PHONE: B7326.

SAINKEN&SAINKEN, OPTOMETRISTSandOPTICIANS 633HAYSTREET Amba,sa41,,r,Theatre).

ONEWEEK ONLYAT

Commencing FRIDAY,JAN,17.

Ticaca

THERECORD-BREAKINGAUSTRALIANPICTURE. \\\\\1111 OfalA

Starring: CHIPSRAFFERTY-DAPHNECAMPBELL, JohnNugentHayward-PeterPagan.

SupportingFilm:"STRANGEIMPERSONATION,"

AlSatefrmitaziefe

ARTOFSPEECHRESULTS.

Two(2)CompleteDiplomas. Four(4)PartialDiplomas, Twenty-two(22)Passedwith Honours.

Twenty-five(25)Passedwith Credit.

Six(6)withaPass, WrittenWork:

Two(2)PartialDiplomas.

Two(2)PassedwithHonours.

Two(2)PassedWithCredit,

Two(2)withaPass.

W.A.ElocutionTeachers'Exhibition,1946. -o0oFRENCHRESULTS.

ALLIANCEFRANCAISE GRAM.

SixDistinctions.

SixPasses. PrizeWinner:Centregirlinfront row.

CathedralBranch

WANTED.

Wantedurgently,aHousekeeper fortheNorthamPresbytery,ApplicationstobeaddressedtoParish Priest,CatholicPresbytery,Nor. tham.

F.HUFNER

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IrishProtestAgainst StepinacSentence

ParliamentCallsonPeopleto SafeguardReligiousFreedom

Thefollowingmotionproposedfictionthatrecognitionofthe byMr.deValeraintheDailwas passedunanimously:

"That1)ailEireann,gravelyconcernedattheunjusttrialandim prisonmentofArchbishopStepinac andattheaccumulatingevidence oftheexistenceofacampaignof religiouspersecutionincertain partsofEurope,andconvinced thatrecognitionofthesovereignty ofGodandthemorallawisthe fundamentalbasisofanyjustand stableworldorder,andthatfreedomtoworshipGodtruly,inthe mannerthatHe,Himself,hasordained,istheinalienablerightof man,respectforwhichisessential t',thepreservationofpeaceamong thenations,callsuponallpeoples whodesiretruelibertyandlasting peacetousetheircombinedinfluencetobringreligiouspersecution everywheretoanendandtosecure acceptanceoflibertyofconscience asoneofthebasicprinciplesofa genuineworldorganisationand urgestheMinisterforExternalAffairstotakestenstobrinethese viewsofDailEirann attent.IenoftheStateswithwhichwe havediplomaticrelations,andto takesuchotherstepsasmaybe propertosecureforthemtheadherenceoffreedomlovingpeoples," PersecutionCondemned, Inproposingthemotion,Mr.de Valerasaid:

"Persecutionofopinionin'any formisoneofthemostcrievoue thingsthatcanbedonetoanuman being;butwhenitispersecution becausehumanbeingsregardthemselvesascreatureswhohavebeen createdbyanall-powerfulGod, WhoisRuleroftheUniverse,and wishtoworshiprhatCreatorin themannerinwhichHe,Himself, hasordained-whenthesepeople arepersecutedfordoingthat,and preventedfromdoingit,itismore grievousstill.

"Itisavainattemptbythose whocryit.Ithasnotsucceeded isthepast,anditwon'tseceeed inthefuture,buttremendoushumansufferingcanbecausedbythe attempt.Ibelievethereisnota singlememberofthecommunir3 whodoesnotfeelthatthatisa situationinwhicheverythingthat theycoulddotobeofhelpshould bedone.Therefore,inasking youtoagreetotheproposal,Iam askingyoutoregisteryourcon-

sovereigntyofGodandof:he morallawisanessentialfoundation forpeaceintheworld.

"Thesecondpartofthemotion callsuponthepeopleswhothink withus,whorespecttrueliberty -anddon.):thinkthatanybody whohasanyregardforliberty willdenythatlibertyofconscience tothefoundation,themostfundamentalpartofallliberty-toask themtocombinewithustosee thatreligiousfreedomisaccepted asthebasisofanytrue,genuine vforldorganisation."

Speakingofthedifficultyofap. parentinterventioninwhatmight benegatedastheinternalaffairs ofasovereignState,Mr,deValPvasaid:

ConditionsinJugoslavia.

"Ihavegotfromnowhereany indicationsthat;hereportsIhave beenspeakingabout,abouttheconditionsinJugoslavia,arefalseor exaggerated.Infact,alltheevidencesuggeststhatthepositionis asbadasanyoftheworstreports inthepress.ftis,therefore,a questionofhowtobringthenecessaryinfluencetobear.

"Itis,inmyopinion,muchwider thanthequestionofinternalsovereignty.Itisnotamatterof worldimportanceandofconsequencetohundredsofmillionsof people,and,becauseIbelieveitis so,Ibelievethatthepressureof publicopiniononthevariousParliamentsandGovernmentswillbe sufficient.ifitisproperlyorganised,ultimatelytogetsomemachinerybywhichfundamentalhumanrightswillbeguaranteed partofthedomesticlawofcivilisednations."

Oddf9llows'

Hotel SOUTHTERRACE.FREMANTLE BESTBRANDSSTOCKED.

NewlyFurnishedThroughout ALLWELCOME.

I.G.MULCAHY,Proprietor.

ANNOUNCEMENT.

MILVERONICABUNSER,BA.,Dip.Ed., hascommencedpracticeasaConsultant inPsychologicalproblems; Maladjustment andDelinquencyinchildrenandAdolescents;EmotionalI)ifficultiesandFunctional Disorders(includingSkineruptions,etc.),in adults.

Address: 28THOMPSONROAD,CLAREMONT. 'PHONE:F1876.

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Thisphoto.wastakenattheCathedralHallonDecember8,ontheoccasionofthefirstAnnualCommunionBreakfastoftheCathedralBranchoftheH.N.S.TheCathedralPraesidiumoftheLegionof Mary,assistedbytheN.C.G.M.,providedthebreakfast.AmongthosepresentwereMessrs.A.Brennan,T.Doyle,Rev.J.P.O'Farrell,E.Farmer,Rev.C.Cunningham,M,B.E.T.Kean,andE.LeB. Henderson.Allpaidtributetothepresentflourishingstateofthebranchandwishediteverysuccess.

QuaintNotionsof theU.S.SR.

ThePressreportsofthelecturesgivenduringthe firstweekoftheAdultEducationSummerSchoolmade discouragingreading,especiallyProfessorFox'sanalysis of"IdeologicalUniformityandWorldPeace.'Sofar frombreakinganynewgroundtheProfessor,inhisview ofworldaffairs,seemedmerelytohavejoinedtheband wagonwithTaft,Wallace,andotherappeasementboys. Inst,faras"appeasement"isunderstoodinitsnegative senseofdoingnothingthatwouldunnecessarilyantagoniseRussiaweareatone.Itisanintegralpartofthe dutyofChristiancharitytotrytogetonwithpeople,interpretingmotiveskindly,.andavoidingunnecessaryoffence.Butwhen"appeasement"inyolvesthegrovellingself-abasementinwhichProfessorFoxindulged,one feelslikespinningthecointodecidetheissue-"manor mouse."ForifthereisonethingintheChristiancode morehatefultotheRedsthananother,itishumility-if indeedsuchsentimentscanbesocalled.

* * * C

Itisnocontributioneithertoworldpeaceortoclear thinkingtosuggestthatRussia's"ironcurtain"inEurope waserectedtopreventcontaminationbythedegraded cultureofWesternEurope.Thehardhistoricalfactis thatitwasmeanttocoveraruthlessandcynicalimperialismwherebythepeoplesofEasternEuropeweretobe sovietisedwhethertheylikeditornot.HoweverdebasedtheWestmayhavebecome,judgedbyWesternstandards,itwillstillcomparemorethanfavourablywithanythingthattheKremlinhastoshow.Russiaisfarmore afraidofherpeoplefindingoutwhatlifeislikeintheoutsideworldthansheisoftheirbeingcontaminatedbythe contact.ItwillbeasaddayforthetyrantsofMoscow whentheRussiansdiscoverthatthedebasedpeopleofEuropecanfreelyelecttheirowngovernment,arenoteternally.;piedonbyanarmyofsecretpolice,arenotunder threatofliquidationforpresumingtocriticisethegovernment,andcanarriveatsomeknowledgeofwhatishap pening,icyreadingthenewspapers.

ProfessorFoxannouncedthatRussiawasademocracyinthemaking,thoughthetaskwasbeingapproachedinamannerdifferentfromourown.Hewas,however,carefulnottosubmitanyevidenceofthisallegeddevelopment.Theonlymatterwithintheknowledgeof theaveragenewspaper-readerwhichmightlendhimsome supportistheholdingofelectionsinRussiawithinrecent years.ButevenherethePressadmittedthatonlyCommunistcandidatescouldstandandnooppositionwastolerated.WhentheProfessorwentontosay,however, thattheenduringcharacteristicofCommunismwascertainlynotaggression,onewonderswherehehasbeenall theseyears.Evenoncomparativelyrecentmapsthere arecountriesmarkedastheBalticStates,Poland,Roumania,Bulgaria.etc.Andineverycountryoftheworld thereareorganisedCommunistpartiesunderRussiandirectionwhoseprofessedobjectiveistooverthrowexistinggovernmentsandsetupthedictatorshipoftheproletariat.

TheProfessorwasequallywideofthemarkinhis viewsoftheRussianattitudetowardsreligion.Thesetting upofaPatriarchandHolySynodinMoscowin1938did seemtogivepromiseforthefuture,untilitwasrealised thatPatriarchandSynodweremutuallyexclusiveand thatthemovesofarRomrestoringsomeindependence totheRussianOrthodoxChurch,madeitaninstrumentof efficientStatecontroloftheChurch.ThepublicstatementsbothofSergeiandAlexeisoonputbeyonddoubt thesuspicionthattheyweremerelypoliticalpuppets. AndtherecentdisowningoftheRussianset-tipbyother leadersoftheRussianChurchmakesthefactsquiteconclusive.TheProfessorisrightaboutperturbationin Vaticancircles,for,theVaticanseesclearlyhowthe Kremliniscynicallyusingreligioninthesamewayasit isusingtheintellectual"pinks"of'thedemocracies-for window-dressingpurposes.Heisright,too,aboutcryptoFascists,thoughtheyarenotsonumerousnorsodangerousasthecrypto-Communistsinourmidst.

*To

Sir,-BeingaWestAustralian, havingbeenbornandbredinFremantle,andmysecondChristian namebeing"Westtalia,"andbeing soterriblyhomesickforthedear oldsunnyWest,Ifeelthetimehas. cometowritetoyou.

IwasastudensofSt.Joseph's Convent,Fremantle,whereIreceivedmyfirstmusicaltraining, whichIcompletedtherewithbeing aL.T.C.L,andaL.A.B.Allmy gratitudeandheartfeltShanksare duetodearSr.M,Gerard,ofthat Convent,DuringthesametimeI alsostudiedsingingandlateronI completedthesestudiesinParis, Lugano,andMilan.

In1927-1928Ivisitedmysunny "West"andplayedandsangon variousoccasions,andthentravel. ledontotheEast,theMalay States,China,Japanandfinally becktoEuropeItwasduring thisyearoftravelsthatImetthe manIwastomarrylateron.In 1931ItouredtheUnitedStates, whereIgavemanyconcerts,and onmyreturnin1932Igotmarried tsDr.HansKallfelz,seniorsurgeonattheAugustaHospitalhere. Duringthewarmyhusbandwas anavalsurgeon,andIwashere withmyfourchild!,n,andterrible timeswewentthrough.Inthe meantimewehavefivechildrenthreeboysandtwogirls-ranging froml3Syearsto44months.

01.4 INMEMORIAMoil

GILDEA,-Treasuredmemor:'sof mylovingcompanion,whopassed awayatSt.JohnofGodHospital.Belmont,onJanuary13, 1946.

Oneofthebest.

\lostSacredHeartofJesus, havemercyonhersoul.

-Insertedbyherlovingfriend, Si.Kennedy.

GILDEA.-Inlovingmemoryof ourdearfriend,Lena,whopass. edawayatSt.JohnofGodHospital,Belmont,onJanuary13, 1946.

MostSacredHeartofJesus, havemercyonhersoul, -InsertedbytheSheridanfamily.

SHANNON.-Inlovingmemoryof Rev.FatherP.Shannon,accidentallykilledJanuary14,1046.

-InsertedbythechildrenofSt. Thomas'School,Claremont.

SHANNON,Tothememoryof ourfriend,Rev,FatherP.Shannon,accidentallykilled,January 14,1946,R.I.P.

-InsertedbytheClaremontChildrenofMary.

SHANNON.-Inlovingmemoryof Rev,FatherP.Shannon,accidentallykilled,January14,1948. SadlymissedbytheSullivanfamily.

SHANNON-Infondmemoryof Rev.P.Shannon,accidentally killedouJanuary14,1948.

R.I.P.

-Alwaysrememberedbythe ClaremontBranch,Y.C.W. N.4.47.4.0.441^4.4,00

WARTIMEDISPENSA-

TIONFROMABSTINENCE TOCEASE.

ThedispensationfromAbstinence,whichasawartimeprivilegehasbeenoperatingintheArchdiocese,will ceaseasfromAshWednesday(February19th.)ofthis year.Onandfromthatdate thelawofabstinencefrom meatonFridaysandother prescribeddayswillagainbe inforce.

01.0400,4

LegionofMotu

BankofN.S.W.Chambers, 65St.George'sTerrace (FormerlyC,G.M.Headquarters),

EXPOSITION:

Theterriblewarisovernow, thankGod,butnowwearefacing starvation.Thesituationgets worseastimegoeson,andIamat mywits'end,soIappealtoallmy gcodfriendstohelpus.

Duringthelastwar,itwillbe remembered,Isangandplayedcon. Unmans,fortheRedCross,The BritisihRedCrosshereassistsme, too,butastheythemselvessay,it isonlyadropintheocean,for suchalargefamily."If'anyofyou cansendmefoodparcelsIwould beeversograteful.Pleaseaddressparcelsasfollows:MissJoan Ashton,BritishRedCrossComm., BCivi.loiaR.nRelief,Section 104, B.A.O.R.

Believeme,ifthereisanyway ofrepatriatingwewillbebackin Australiaassoonaspossible,In themeantime,pleaseacceptmy heartfeltthanks.Toallmyfriends IsendtheComplimentsoftoeseason,andIcertainlywouldbeglad ofafewlettersandacoupleof souvenirsofthesunnyWest.YGursverysincerely,

DIANAWESTRALIARATAZZI.

Dusseldorf,Germany. December1,1946

(Mynameandaddressnoware asbelow:DianaW.Kallfelz-Ratazzi,20Freiligrathstrasse,22a Dusseldorf10,Germany,British Zone.)

CATHOLICTENNIS ASSOCIATION

Atlastsummerseemstohave cometostay,andthesocialcommitteeoffersasuggestionortwo toAssociationmembersonhowto keepcool.

OnFridaynight,January31, therewillbearivertriponthe "Trimmerwheel"to Fremantle, Mosmans,andbackhome.Arrangements.havebeenmadewith the-Observatorytoprovideuswitli aperfectnight,soweexpecttosee abigcrowdatthis,ourfirstfunctionofthenewyear.Theboat leavesBarrackStreetJettyat8 p.m.sharp,andthefareis2/6, Also,don'tforgettheannualpicnictoGardenIslandonSunday, February16,onthe"Emerald," whichleavesBarrackStreetJetty at10am.,callingatFremantleat 11,`20a.m.Theboatleavesthe Islandforhomeat5p.m.,andwe sincerelyhopeitwillnotbenecessaryforanyAssociationmembers tohavetospendthenightover therewhich,webelieve,happened afewyearsago. Acordialinvitationisextended t)allex-Associationmembersto bepresentonthe"Emerald"on February16,andtorenewmany Associationacquaintances.

THIRDORDEROF ST.FRANCIS

EXPOSITION.

OneachTuesday,at8.30am., ExpositionoftheMostBlessed SacramentcommencesatOurLady Chapel,VictoriaSquare,andends withBenedictionintheeveningSt 5.15p.m.

Thegeneralpublic,aswellas themembersoftheThirdOrder, areinvitedtopayasmanyvisits aspossibleeachTuesday.

BOARDANDRESIDENCE,

Wantedbyyounggirl,boardand lodgingwithCatholicfamily,vicinityofTeachers'TrainingCollege, fromFebruary7,ReplyBox18, BruceRock, YoungcoupledesireFlat,Half House,endJanuary;ownlinen, etc.RingB4836.

Femaledomesticassistantwanted,FremantlePresbytery;livein.

ExpositionoftheBlessedSacramentisheldeveryThursdayinthe LegionofMaryChapel,atthe aboveaddress.AcordialinvitetioaisextendedtoallLegionaries, ActiveandAuxiliary,andtothe Catholicpeopleingeneral,toPity avisitduringtheday,Exposition commencesafter8a.m.Mass,and concludeswithBenedictionat5.20 ts.m.

ROSARY, TheRosaryisrecitedpublicly eachdayintheChapelat12,40and againat1.30p.m.Wakeaprat. LiceofvisitingtheChapelforthe recitationofyourdailyRosary, LUNCHEONROOMS, TheLuncheonRooms,areopen eachdaybetween12noonand2 1,311, AcupofteaIsobtainable atasmallchargeof2d.ThisSFri,availabletoall,andbusiness girlsareespeciallyinvitedtospend theirlunchhourinthehappyenvironmentoftherooms.

HolidayResorts

MASSTIMETABLE.

Albany:

EverySuuday:7.30a.m.and9,46 am. DailyMassat7.30am.during schoolholidays;6.30am,a:other imes.

Banbury; St.Patrick'sChurch: AllSundays:7.30a.m.and9.30 a.m.

HolidaysofObligation:7a.m. and8a.m.

SouthBanbury: 8a.m.onallSundays, HolidaysofObligation:7a.m.

PinjarraParish: Sunday,January19:Mandurah, 8a.m.;Pinjarra,10a.m. Sunday,January.26:Dwellingup, Sa.m.;Pinjarra,10a.m.

Fremantle: 7,9,and10.30a,m.

Beaconsfield: 7andita.m.

Spearwood: 830

Rockingham: 10a.mOnal:tion,iays(luringholi,lays

BusseltonandDistricts: January19:Busselton,7.30a.m.;

MargaretRiver,10a.m, January26:Busselton,7.30am.; Marybrook,9.30a.m.

Febrt.tary2:Busselton,7.30a.m.;

Jarrahwood,9.30a.m.

February9:Busselton,7,30a.m.;

Cowaramup,10a.m.

February16:Busselton,7.30 a.m.;MargaretRiver,10a.m.

February23:Busselton,7.30 a.m.;Marybrook,9.30a.m.

March2:Busseleon,7.30a.m.;

Cundenup,10a.m.

March9:Busselton,7.30a.m.; Cowarmbp,10a.m.

March16:Busselton,7.30a..m.;

MargaretRiver,10a.m.

March23:Busselton,7.30a.a.;

Slarybrook,9,30a.m.

March30:Busselton,7.30a.m.; Karridale,10a.m.

April6:Busselton,7.30ain.;

Cundenup,10a.m.

Scarborough:

EverySunday:8a.m.

NorthBeach: EverySunday:8.15a.m.

OsbornePark: EverySunday:7,30and10a.m.

GRANDANNUALHIBERNIAN PICNIC.

ToKeane'sPoint,Sunday, February23, S.s."Perth"leavesBarrackStreet Jettyat10.30a.m.

Tickets:Family,4s.;single,2s.; children,941. Sports;drinksandsweetsfreeto children. ThisPicnicNOTconfinedtoHibernianmember,only.

FIRSTAUSTRALIANOPEN-AIRPRODUCTION

"HanselandGrad"

AMasterlyPresentation

OnSaturdayevening,January4, 1947,ontheenlargedandimprovedstageoftheSomervilleAuditorium,atOrawley-probablythe mostbeautifulnaturalauditorium intheCommonwealth-over2,000 personswitnessedatrulyenjoyableandartisticallysatisfyingpresentationofEngelbertHumper. dirck'sthree-actmusicalsettingof FlansAndersen'sfairystory,"HanselandGretel."Theoccasionwas anhistoriconeforPerthmusiclovers.Itmarkedboththefirst presentationofthisworkinPerth andthefirstproductionofsopaairoperaherebyanentirelyW:st Australiancompanyofartists,'the recentlyformedWA..OperaSocietywerefortunateinobtaininginvaluableAssistancefrom,heAustralianBroadcasting(somailssion, whichprovidedtheorchestra,and thisco-operationisahappyomen forfutureproductions.

Ithasbeenwellsaidthatopera iseternallyconfrontedwiththe problemofhowfarthemusicmay legitimatelybesacrificedtodramaticrealismandviceversa.No onewillconsiderthemusicalresultsparticularlyhappyifmelody. rhythm,tone,colourandformare practicallyignoredintheinsist-toseonprojectingapieceofstage realism.Yet,ontheotherhand, however,ifanoperasacrificesall claimtoaconvincingstagepresentationbyitsinsistenceonpuremusicalvalues,nothinghasrealIvbeenaccomplishedthatcould sothavebeenequallywelldone bs:hemusicalone.In"Hansel andGretel"analmostperfectfusiorhasbeenobtained.Themusic oftheforty.year.oldcomposeris perfectinformandmatter.Althoughheusedfolk-songsandsimplemelodies,withtheirall-pervadingappeal,theyhavebeenwoven intoamusicaltapestrywherethe masterlyorchestracolouringand polyphonicdesignprovidearich backgroundfortheoutstandingfigurescreatedbyhim.ItisnosurprisethatHumperdinckhascasta spelloverchildrenyoungantiold. Inhismasterpiecethereareanelaborationandacomplexitytointer-

esttheseekerwiththebrain,anda charmandsimplicitytoentrance theseekerwiththeheart. AFineCast.

Theableproduceroftheopera (Mrs.HazelCharlton)waswell servedbyafinecastheadedby LornaMcKean Gretel,andMarianMendelsonasHansel.The singingandactingofthistalented duowereremarkablywelldone.In recentmonthswehaveoftenheard intelligentandimpressivesinging fromthembothandnowitisapleasuretorecordthattheiractingand mimingareofthesameorder.The twovoicesblendedwellandwere mosteffectivewhentheysang.the beautifulprayerbeforegoingto sleepinthewoods,andinthe spirited"NowSeetheWitchis Dead."AliceMallon,asthewitch, whoderivedkeenenjoymentfrom herratherunusualoccupationof bakinglittlechildrenintogingerbread,wascleverlytransformed intoanold,cacklinghag.Sheappearedtorevelinthepartuntil shewasfinallypushedintothevery hotoveninwhichshehadintended tobakethetwochildren.Trulya Malloncholyend!LorraineDavies andWilliamHarmer,astheparents ofHanselandGretel,werealso wellcast,whileCarmelMoran,as theDewFairy,andNancyBarndon astheSandman,wereadequatein smallrolesthatgavethemlittle opportunity.

Severalsimplelittleballets,with LesleyEllisasballetmistress, werecharminglyinterspersedand didjusticetothesimpleyeteffectivechoreographyofLinleyWilson.

Inconcludingalonglistofcreditsonemustbrieflymentionthe fairytalesuggestivenessofthedecorofSyd.Davis;thefinework bythechorus(trainedbyHans Briner)inthegayfinale;andthe sustainedandsympatheticplaying oftheA.B.C.ConcertOrchestra, underthebatpnofthemusicaldirector(ErnestJ.Roberts).Once againfullmarkstoallconcerned inthepresentationofthisbeautifulwork.

-"GROITCHf);'

PaulSchrammRecital

EnthusiasticReception

InhisrecitalsatWinthropHall lastyear,PaulSchrammprovided ampleprooftothescepticsthat heisanablemasterofpianoforte technique.AgainonWednesday evening,January8,194ff,Mr. Schrammconvincedhislargestand mostenthusiasticPerthaudience todatethatthiswasan Despitetheintensehumidity andtheconsistentmurmurings(of approbationnodoubt!)ofafederationoffrogsinthepondoutsidewhichweredistinctlyaudible throughanopensidedoor,the pianistunconcernedlymoppedhis browandplungedintoanexacting programmerangingasitdidfrom alongandponderousBusoni transcriptionofBach'smajestic PreludeandTripleFugueinE FlatMajor,toanexquisiteOhopin groupbywayofSeh,umann("Arab.

esque"),Schubert"Impromptuin BFlatMajor"),Beethoven("Bagatelle"and"CountryDanceinC Major,")andsomecompositions bythemoderns,FrancisPoulene, WilliamWalton,SydneyJohnKay -anom-de-plumeforacomposer witha"simpleEuropeanname" (Mr.Schramm'shappyphrase), andErnestoLecuono.Although itisprobablytoomuchtosaythat anymeremortal'sperformanceis absolutelyflawless,Iconsiderthat Schramm'splayingcertainlyconveysanimpressionofimpeccable art.Itseemsidle,therefore,to spendunnecessarytimeinthecon. templationofhisexcellence,noris thereanygreatneedtodiscussin detailhistreatmentoftheaforementionedcomposerswhoprovide suchadmirablevehiclesinwhich Mr,Schrammcanridetothunder. ousapplause.

Theaudienceindicatedtheirapprovalatthecloseoftherecital soenthusiasticallythatthreeencoreswereobtained:Schumann's ecstatic"Soaring,"thegentlerocking"Berceuse,"byChopin,andthe "RitualFireDance,"ofManuelDe Falla.

-"GROUCTIO,"

PianoandViolin ASchramm-HanlyRecital

Thethirdandfinalmusicalfeast providedforusbytheAdultEducationBoard,inconjunctionwith the1947SummerSchool,washeld attheSomervilleAuditoriumlast Saturdayevening,January11,It wasintheshapeofajointpiano andviolinrecitalgivenbyPaul Sehra.mutandVaughanHanly. Beautitulsurroundings,thegentlestofzephyrs,improvedamplifybigmethods,andahuge,enthusiasticaudiencenodoubtallcombined toinspirethetwosoloiststogive oftheirbest.

Mr.Haply,inhisusualunassumingandcompetentmanner,gavea fewbriefcommentariesdesigned tohelpthecountrymembersofthe audience,whowereprobablyhearinsandseeingsomeoftheclassics performedforthefirsttime,(AlthoughIamnearlycertainthatthe younggirlsittingnexttomewas alittleuncertainastowhethera PolonaisewasakindofPolish sauceoramusicalcomposition;it didnotobviouslydetractfromher enjoymentoftherecital.Quite rightlyso.)Mr.Hardyisanoutstandingmusician,andhisexceptionalcommandoftonegraduationsandtechnicalresourceswere muchinevidenceinallhissolos-

particularlythefirstmovementof SonataNo.1inAMajor(Mozart),andthetwoWieniawskicompositions,"Legende"and"Scherzo Tarantelle."

StephenDornan,asonprevious occasions,madeafineaccompanist, Spaceforbidsadetailedreview ofMr.Schramm'smanycontributionstotherecital, Abrieftri. butemustbepaidtohistreatment ofBeethoven'sSonatainCSharp Minor,Op.27,No.2-morepopularlyknownas"TheMoonlight Sonata"(Beethovenhimselfnever calleditthat,Thenamewas giventoitbyapoetisingmusic writernamedRellstab,anenthusiast,bytheway,inspreading abroadthefameofBeethoven.) Themelancholyofthefirstmovement,thelittleAllegretto-"the flowerbetweentwoabysses,"to useLiszt'saptphrase-andthe tumultuouspassionoftheFinale breakinginwithoutapauselike thebeatofatremendouswave wereplayedastheyshouldbeplayed.Itwasacommandingperformanceofaworkthathassufferedmuchfromthehandsoflesser artists,school-girlptanists,and othervandals.

1r 1ci,.1,/Gorse onDRAMA

Lecturingonthesubject,"Drama iatheBraveNewWorld,"atthe AdultEducationSummerSchool lastweek,Mr.KeithGeorge,formerlyassociatedinPerthwithboth theRepertoryClubandthenow defunct11'orkers'ArtGuild,startedoffpromisinglywithanumber ofprofoundaphorismssuchas: "Weareallsinners.Tobesaved wemustrepentthroughfaith," and"Therecanbenochangeinso. vialsinningunlesstherebea changeinthewill."

Asthoughscaredbythetruth ofhislogic,however,Mr.George soonshedtheroleofthePrecursor crying"Makestraightthepathof theLord,"andturnedtoanoccupationmoretohisliking.HeattackedtheChurchthroughthe agesasapersecutorofthetheatre andallconnectedwithit,Unable toquotefromearlysourcesinsupportofhisargument,heneverthelessbrilliantlydemonstratedthat theChurchisstillhostiletothe theatrebyreferringtoarecent outburstfromBishopManning, lateEpiscopalBishopofNewYork, whereinthetripeandimmorality Issuingintheentertainmentfield thesedaysisroundlycondemned, Mr.Georgedidnotseemtothink itinconsistentthatheshouldlater inthesameaddressaddhisown stricturestothoseofBishopManningregardingtherubbishemucitingfromthecommercialtheatre. He,moreover,omittedtoadvertto arecentstatementfromthePope, theFatherofChristendom,praisingandencouragingthegoodwork donebyactorsandplaywrights.

Themostcomicalerroramong manymadebyMr.Georgeinthe courseofhistiradeagainstthe Churchwashisassertionthat"the profound,dramaticspectacleofthe Massrenewsdaybydayandyear byyeartheemotionalattachment ofpeopletoreligion." Inhis viewtheChurch,throughtheMass, wasusingdramaasameansof holdingthepeople.

WeretheMassnotsuchanimportantandsacredritualitwould befittingtosuggestthatMr. Georgebecompelledtoattendit daybydayandyearbyyearto testwhetherhisemotionscould standthestrain.Woulditnotbe amagnificentplaywhich,unchangedinanyway,couldthushold hundredsofmillionsofpeople (about400000,000atthepresent day)enthralledthroughthecenturies?Surelynomoreabsurd

opinionalldramamustbeinformedbyaconsistentsocialtheory. DiscussiononLecture.

Thediscussionthattookplace onMr.George'slecturewasla nebulousasusual,Inmanycases nodefiniteconclusionwasarrived at,butamongpointsmentioned werethefollowing:

ThataNationalTheatreshould besubsidisedbytheGovernment, asistheSydneySymphony°relies. tra, Thatscholarships,grantedona Conservatoriumbasis,be made available.

Thatcountryandmetropolitan smallgroupsbeencouraged,

ThatfinanceforaNationalTheatreshouldcomeunconditionally fromtheGovernment,preferably throughtheEducationDepartment oraninstitutionsuchastheUniversity, Thatthereshouldbenopolitical censorship,andthateensorssipif necessaryatall,shouldbedoneby aTheatreBoard-i.e.,bypeople whowerebestqualifiedtodoit. Thatthedramatistshouldbe givenfreedomtowriteasliefeels, Thitthepeopleshouldbeeducatedtoacceptavarietyoffare.

St.Mary'sCollege

CHRISTIANBROTHERS'COLLEGE,LEEDERVILLE, ArecognisedRegisteredSecondary Schoolatwhich Government Scholarshipsmaybetakenout,

blunderhaseverbeenmadebya publicspeakerthantfff'Sf5suousexplanationoftheattractionofthe Mass,Catholicseverywherewill betickledtodeathtohearit.

Eventheirreligiousintelligentsia attheUniversitymusthave squirmedintheirseatsandgroaned internallyforthehurtsofLogic asMr.George,blissfullyunconscious,attainedhiscatharsis, Havingbornelivingwitnessto hislimitationsasaninterpreter ofdramainhistoryMr.George didnotsurprisewhenherevealed asimilarpaucityofthoughtinregardtohisviewofthefunctionof dramainthemodernworld.For him'dramaseemedtohavebutone end;itwastobeusedasatool forshapingpublicopinion, A NationalTheatreshouldbesetup; aresearchbodywastobeestablishedforthepurposeofascertaining"thefacts"-apparentlydeficienciesinthesocialfabric;"the facts"werethentobeturnedover tohighlyskilleddramatiststobe mouldedintoplaysdesignedto poundtheemotionsofthepeople. Theactors,too,wouldhavetobe highlytrained-notonlyinthehistrionicart,oneinfers,butalsoin theartofdisseminatingpropagan. dasympatheticallyandeffectively. Suchaone-sidedviewofthetheatreisquiteinadequate.Nota wordcamefromMr.Georgeasto thebeneficentinfluencethatdrama mightexerciseinitsownrightas oneoftheArts.Therewasno recognitionofthecivilisingandennoblingeffectsofdramathatfired inan'sintellectorimaginationand madehimconsciousofhisspiritual originanddestiny.Ifdrama couldmakeonlyaproportionof men'consciousoftheirspirituality,alotwouldhavebeenaccomplishedtowardsmaking"thebrave newworld"abetterplacetolive in.Whentackledbyone-only one-ofhisaudienceonthe"coldbloodedness"ofhisproposalsre drama,Mr.George'sdefencewas thatsuchaschemeasheadvocated hadbeen.triedwithoverwhelming successintheU.S.A.duringthe depressionyears,'when1.3000,000 peopleflockedtosee"TheThird pfaNation."Thisscientifically manufacturedplaydealtwith abusesinthehousingsituation,and apparentlyonlookerswerecarried outfaintingandinallstagesof emotionalexhaustion.Thisisthe onlysortofdramathatmakesany appealtoMr.George.Inhis

LEAVINGCERTIFICATESUCCESSES,1946, NINECOMPLETEPASSES.

PETERBEES()N:Sixsubjects.

N!WILLEJ. BROWNRIGG: Sevensubjects.

JOHNM.BROWN:Foursubjects, JOHND.GONNAUGHTON: Sevensubjects(threedistinctions

NEVILLE.1,t'llTSAOK: Seven subjects.

FREDERICKC.G.FERGUSON: Fivesubjects, ROBERTJ.HEALY:Foursubjects, PETERS.C.MANESSIS:Seven subjects(threedistinctions). JAMESE,STEWART:Sixsubjects.

TheCollegere-opensonTuesday, February4,1947.Pupilsforthe juniorclassesshouldenrolbefore thatdateifpossible,tosecurea place,byapplicationto THEPRINCItIAL, 'Phone:82964.

Mr.RayLonergan,managerof Pellegrini's,wentbySkymasterre. centlytotheEasternStates.Be intendsvisitingthefirm'sbranches inAdelaide,Melbourne,Sydneyand Brisbaneonbusinessinconnection withthefutureexpansionofthe company'sInterstatebusiness,Mr. Lonerganwillbeawayaboutsix weeks.Onhisreturnitistheintentionofthelocalcompanyto commencemanufacturingmostof theirownstocksinWestsrnAustralia.

ANOLDSAYING.

TheoldsayingistruethatPro. videncehelp'sthosewhohelp themselves,Buyaticketto-dayin theNo.350CharitiesConsultation. Firstprizeis£3,000,andthemomentyouareinyou'veachanceto win.

PROFESSIONAL,

WantedforEasternGoldfields miningtown,youngCatholicDoctor;eithertakeoverpractice fifty-fiftybasisinabsenceofowner, osthirdbasisconjunctionwithpresentpractitioner.Information thisoffice.

Y.CW ACTIVITIES

DiocesanHeadquarters: NationalMutualBuildings,81St. George'sTerrace,Perth.

Phone:B2546.

HIGHGATEBRANCH.

Theleaders'grouphasalready wadeambitiousplansfortheyear's activities,confidentthateachmemberwillgivehisutmostinfurtheringtheworkoftheYC.W.

Tuesday,January21,isthedate decideduponfortheelectionof office-bearers,anditisuptoevery membertobepresentatthemeetingandhavehisparticularsayin howthebranchshouldberun,by electingofficerswhowillcarryout hisideas.

Insportingcirclesweareequall;ambitious,andhavealready madeplansforthepurchaseofa glasscaseinwhichwecandisplay thecricketcup.

NEDLANDSBRANCH.

Nedlandsheldanenthusiastic Leaders'meetingonlastSunday night,June12.1star:was madeonthenewLeaders'programme,andareviewofthepast year'saccomplishmentsgivenby thepresidentandsecretary,Aplan ofactionfor1947wasdiscussed. Resignation.

Mr.LeoG.Anderson,ourimmediatepastsecretaryandafoundationmember,tenderedhisresignationLeoisleavingforSydney veryshortly,andislookingforwardtotakingupYC.W,work there. Avoteof:hanksforbis hardandloyalworkfortheNedlardsbranchwastenderedtohim bythemeeting.Nedlandeisvery sorrytoloseoneofitsstrongest 1.CW.supporters.

Meetings.

Forthepresentourmeetings aretobeheldonTuesdaynights, andimmediatelyfollowedbyour newly-formedstudygroups.Members,pleasenote.ThenextmeetingwillbeonTuesdaynight.

Social.

Dancingclasseswhichareander theprofessionalguidanceofMiss BathRaynor,areprovingagreat success,TheyareheldonalternateTuesdaynights.Thenext classwillbeonTuesdayweek.

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH, Athletics.

CongratulationstoBillde GruchyandTerryWoodthorpe, whoupheldthenameofLeedervineintheY.C.W.AthleticClub. Thedetailsoftheirachievements appearelsewhereinthisissue.

Wewillbeinterestedtohear fromintendingparticipantsinthe forthcominginter-branchcompeti. tion.

Cricket.

TherewillbepracticesonTuesdaysandThursdaysatGreenie Square.OntheSundaysonwhich wearenotplayingtherewillalso bepracticesafterMass.

TableTennis.

FredFergussonhasorganiseda tabletennistournament,forwhich :wocupswillbepresentedwhen thecompetitionisover, Library, Ourlibrarycommitteeisbusy preparingtoopenthelibraryvery soon.Booksonanysubjectwill begratefullyreceived, CATHEDRALBRANCH.

GeneralRally.

IntheCathedralHallonFebruary11,arallywillbeheld,which willtaketheformofashortaddressbyDr.Sullivan,followedby oneortwoshortspeeches,and thenthepresentationofbadges; therestofthenightbeingsetaside fordancing,Supperwillbeprovided.

CarnivalDance.

ACarnivalDancewillbeheldon January24.Attractionssuchas luckyspots,MonteCarlo,andspot'ightdancinghavebeenarranged byourdancecommittee.

CatholicFunerals

BY PERTHFUNERAL DIRECTORSLTD.

ComplystrictlywithveryrequirementofCatholicRitual.

Thequietdignityandreverenceofservicesundercompetent Catholicsupervisionaffordconsolationinthehourofsorrow

NightandDayService. ModerateFees.

379HaySt.,Perth(nearSt.Mary'sCathedral).

Phones:BusinessB8616;Private,B8623,B5496

easbelowhisbestformandisnot atruepointertohisrealability.

LeoHickeyisoneofthebeat all-rounderswhowasunfortunate nottowinatitle.Formany yearshehascompetedinawide rangeofevents,andhasbrought manyhonoursontheteam.His spiritofco-operationintimesof emergencyisashiningexampleto theyoungercompetitors.

GeoffWorner,oncearecord breakerandmulti-titleholder madehisfirstappearanceinathleticsthisseasonsincehisdischargefromtheArmy,andhasnot yetregainedhistopform,His experienceinrunning,however,has beenofvaluableassistancetothe youngerboys,andmanyhave soughthisadviceabouttheir events,

GerryFoleyisanothersenior whodidnotwinatitle,butwas wellupintheplacings.Asheis considerablyyoungerthanthepresentchampions,hisperformances ivthefutureshouldbringhim manylaurels.

BrianMurphyisalsoapromisingyouth.Hedidwellinhie heats,butwasoutclassedbythe veteransinthefinals.Like GerryFoleyhehasabrightfuture inathleticsandwillbewatched withinterest.

thebestofluckintheir events. Theyhavebroughtagreathonour totheirteamandweareprOudof theirselection.

RayGreen.

RayGreen,onceamemberofour team,butwhohasnowbeencompelledtorunforUniversity,was selectedintheStateteamonaccountofhiesprintingprowess.As anoldteammatewecongratulate Rayonhissuccessandwishhim thebestintheAustralianchampionships.

CHINA,CLASSandPLATED WAREIMPORTERS.

OtleyPlace,offMurraySt. (rearSavoyHotel)

Convents,Colleges,Institutions IndSchoolsSpeciallyCateredfor PriceListsandCatalogueon Application.

PhoneB9651.

Cricket.

ThisSundaywearescheduledto playMidlandJunction.Therewill b.,nopracticenextSundayowing totheSummerSchool,whichwill beheldatAquinas.

ATHLETICS.

Y.C.W.SUCCESSINSTATE CHAMPIONSHIPS, ThreeSelectedforNationalChampionships.

Herearetheresultsofthe Y.C.W.competitorsintherecent Statechampionships.TheyincludesixStatetitles(onesenior andfivejunior):

Senior.

PoleVault:L.Ryan1(height, 10ft6in.)L.Hickey,2;B.Ryan, 3 Hop,StepandJump:G.Foley, 880Yards:A.Barker,3.

BroadJump:L.Hickey,3.

MileMedleyRelay:Y.C.W.,2. 4-10YardsRelay:Y.C.W.,2. Junior.

100Yards:W.deGruchy,1. (Time,10.3sec.).

220Yards:W.aeGruchy,1. (Time,23.2sec.).

120YardsHurdles:T.Woodthorpe,1.(Time,17.2sec.).

440YardsRelay:F.Carter,J. Parker,T.Meagher,andW.de Gruchy,1. (Time,46.7sec.).

BroadJump:J.Parker,1(Distarce20ft,51in.);D,Read,8.

ShortPutt:W.deGruchy,2;D, Reed,3.

MileMedleyRelay:Y.C.W.,3.

DiscusThrow:D.Reed,3. Theseresultsareverycreditableconsideringthatthestandard ofathleticsinW.A.thisyearisalmostthehighesteverseen.The juniorteamisparticularlypromising,andtheirfutureeffortswillbe closelyfollowedbyallloversof thesport. Hereareafewremarksonthe outstandingmembersoftheY.C.W.

AthleticClub:

Seniors.

LaurieRyanistheonlysenior titleholder.Hiswininthepole vaultistruetothetraditionofthe Ryanfamily,ashisbrothers,Brian andHilary,beforehimwereexpertsatthisevent,Heisthe bestpolevaulterseeninW.A.for sevenyears,ashisleapoflift. someweeksagoindicates.His Statechampionshipperformance

TonyBarkerwasanoutstanding distancerunnerforsometimeas ajunior.Sincehehasbeengenic.]hisperformanceshavebeen sometimeseclipsedbytheveterans ofthegamebuthemanagedto getthirdinthe880yards. Juniors.

BilldeGruchyhasbeenanoutstandingsprintereversincehe startedschool.Insteadofbeinga flashinthepanchildprodigy,as someyoungstersarehisperform. arceshavealwaysbeenimproving. Histimeforthe100yardswas 3-10sec,outsidetheStatejuniorrecord,andashehasstillgot anotherseasontogoasajunior, hewillprobablyequalitnextyear. Billisrenownedforhismagnificentfinish.Hisopponentinthe 440yardsrelayhadaveryhandy leadatthefinalchangeover,but Billexertedallhisenergyand overhauledhimjustinfrontofthe tape,goingthroughtobringan. otherStatetitletohisteam.His strongphysiquemakeshimwell suitedtofieldevents,whichbe commencedtakingupthisseason. Hewasrewardedbygainingsecondplaceintheshotputt.

TerryWoodthorpealthough Statejuniorchampioninthe120 yardshurdles,istheunluckiest memberoftheteam.Sixweeks agohebroketherecordbyhalfa second,butastherewasaslight assistingbreeze,histimewasdisallowedasarecord.Sincethen hefelltoanattackofasthma, whichseriouslycurtailedhistraining,andintheStatechampionship, hisfirstrunforsixweeks,histime was1.10ofasecondoutsiderecord time.TerryintendsmakinganotherattemptattherecordinFebruarywhenthecompetitionfor theDouglasMemorialShield is held.

JohnParkerisoneofthemost promisingjuniorsinW.A.Fora 15-year-olderhisleapof20ft.inin. inthebroadjumpisamazing.As hehastwomoreseasonsasajuniorhiseffortsinthefutureshould berecord-breakingones,andbe willbewatchedwithcloseinterest. DesReed,althoughhedidnot gainaStatetitle,waswellupin theplacingsinhisevents.Heis oneofthemostconsistentjunior all-roundersintheY.C.W.

NationalChampionships, ThreeY.C.W,'shavebeenselectedtorepresentthisStateinthe frrtheomingAustralianChampionships.TheyareGeoffWorner (Relay),TonyBarker(880Yards) andLaurieRyan(PoleVault),To theseathletesweofferourheartiestcongratulationsandwishthem

Top:GeoffWorner:220Yardsand440Yards;Staterecordholder; selectedinStateRelayTeam.Left:TerryWoodthorpe:Junior 120YardsHurdlesChampion.Right:JohnParker:JuniorBroad JumpChampion.Below:BilldeGruchyfixeshisstartingblocks beforewinningtheJunior220Yards.

DearCornerites

OnJanuary21occurstheFeast ofSt,Agnes,St.Agneshasalwaysbeenlookeduponinthe Churchasaspecialpatronessof purity.Notonlyissheoneof themostpopularofChristian saints,buthernameiscommemoratedeverydayintheCanonof theMass.WelearnfromSt. AmbroseandStAugustinethat shewasonlythirteenyearsofage atthetimeofhergloriousdeath.

Therichesandbeautyofthis younggirlexcitedtheyoungnoblemenofthe(firstfamiliesinRome tocontendasrivalsforherband inmarriage.Agnesanswered themallthatshehadconsecrated hervirginitytoaheavenlyspouse, whocouldnotbebeheldbymortal eyes.Hersuitors,findingherresolutionunshakable,accusedherto thegovernorasaChristian.The judgeatfirstemployedthemildest expressionsandmademanypromises,towhichAgnespaidnoregard,repeatingalwaysthatshe eelIdhavenootherspousebut JesusChrist.Hethenmadeuse ofthreats,butfoundherendowed withmasculinecourage,andeven eagertosuffertormentanddeath.

Finally,Agneswasexecuted,All whowerepresentshedtearstosee thisbeautifulchildloadedwithfett,rsandofferingherselffearlessly to:heswordoftheexecutioner, whowithatremblinghandcutoff herheadatonestroke.St.Ambrosewrites:"Shewenttothe placeofexecutionmorecheerfully thanothersgototheirwedeln."

Letusallrememberthevirtue ofSt.Agnesasherfeastdayapproaches.Allchildrenshouldlook toherasoneoftheirspecialpatrons;andweothers,whoarenot soyoung,shouldrememberher,too -for"unlessyebeaslittlechildren,yeshallnotenterthekingdomofGod"-Sincerely, AUN

-000--

I I

AuntBessy's LETTERBOX

DearAuntBessy,-Enclosed pleasefindP.N.for10s.forthe Busbies,inhonourofSt.Thomas atAquinas,forfavoursreceived. BestwishesfortheBusbies' Scheme.Froma FRIEND.

FluePipesfoiStoves,Bath Heaters,Paints,Varnish,Calco mine.Hassell'sStoresPerth.B6307

ALEXRODOREDA

TurfCommissionAgent 802HAYSTREET

AGENTFORW.A.CHARITIES. RingIt3841andB5238.

VICTORIAHOTEL

HAYSTREET,SUBIACO. RenovatedThroughout. EssenceofComfort. W.F.ART1S,Proprietor. (LateofBalmoralHotel,Vic.Park)

TheStoryofaRemarkableMan FatherWilliamDoyle,S.J.

Graceseemedtoradiatefrom FatherDoyleHeoncewrotein aconfidentialletter:"Ihavenot metasinglerefusaltocometothe missionortoConfessionsofar duringmymissionarycareer.. Whyshouldtherebeone,because Jesus,forsomemysteriousreason seemstodelightinusingme,perhapsthemostwretchedofHis priests,uthechannelofHis grace?WhenIgotoseeahard, hopelesscaseIcannotdescribe whathappensexactly,butIseem tobeabletoliftupmyheartlike acup,andpourgraceandloveof Goduponthatpoorsoul.Ican seetheresultinstantly,almostlike hemeltingofsnow."

dreamedthat.Inthislastretreatthisdreadwasabsentin gieatmeasure,andhelphascome fromthethoughtthateverything willbeHisdoing,andnotmine." Esenoutsideretreattimeheoften recordsperiodsofgreatgrace.He writes:

In1916hewrites:"Notfeeling well.Igaveuptheintentionof sleepingonboards,butovercame selfanddidso.Irosethismorningquitefreshandnonetheworse forit,provingoncemore,how OurLordwouldhelpmeifIwere generate&"AndinSeptemberof 1916hemadetheresolutionto "putboardsinhisbedeverynight whenathome."

(TobeContinued.)

DearFriend,-Thitnksverymuch foryourkinddonationandyour goodwishes.Itisindeedhearteningtofindsupportcomingfrom evenunknownsources.Wetrust youwillperseverewithyourinterestinthismostworthyproject,siecerely,

AUNTBESSY.

TarinRock.

DearAuntBessy,-Enclosed pleasefindpoitalnotefor55.,in aidoftheBusbies.With,best wishesforthecomingyear, WELLWISHER.

DearWellwisher,--Kindestregardsandthanksalsoforyourdonationandyourgoodwishes.-Sincerely, AUNTESSY. 528Newcastle-street,WestPerth.

DearAuntBessy,-Iwouldlike youtosendmetwoprickcards. Enclosedisa4s,postalnoteinaid oftheBusbies.MynameisLorraineRyan,andgototheSacredHeartConvent,Highgate. I haveabrothercalledAlananda sistercalledMaureen.Iam12 yearsold,Alanis10,andMaureen is7.-Yourfondreader, LORRAINERYAN.

I)earLorraine,-Ihavegreat pleasureinsendingyouthetwo prickcardsyouaskfor;andthanks alotforforwardingyourwelcome donationof4s.Mentionofyour senoolremindsmethatIhaven't heardfromSacredHeart,Highgate,foralongtime.Usually quiteabatchofletterscomesinat regularintervalsfromCorneritesin Highgate,butlatelytherehasbeen abreakincommunications.Please writeagainbeforethenewyear getsveryold.-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY. Sandstone. hearAuntBessy,-Ineverseem togetaletterwrittentoyou.I willbegoingtotheSummerSchool atGeraldtonto-morrownightand amgettingabitexcited.Wehad 82pointsofrainyesterday.Daddy tookusouttoapoolto-day.We hadsomefuncatchingfrogsand floating,asthewaterishardlydeep enoughtoswimin.Iamenclosinga2/6postalnotefortheBush. ies.-Yoursincereniece, MARIEMORRIS, DearMarie,-Iwasverygladto hearfromyouagainafteralong silence,Idohopethatyouwill enjoytheSummerSchool,andthat allyourholidayswillbefullof happiness.Thanksforthedonsion,-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

BUSHIES' CORNER

The

Previouslyacknowledged 1126 A

Wellwisher

Rock) 60 LorraineRyan(West

40 26

Total £2140

ThoughFatherDoylefoundfull scopeforhiszealingivingmissionsandretreats,yethisreal giftsandtasteslayinthedirectionofsouls."Youhaveguessed rightly,"hewrotetoafriend,"the longingofmyheartistohelp otherstorealisethewordsof Scripture,"Hethatisholylethim b"sanctifiedstill.'"

Soulsindarknessanddifficulty, soulsstrugglingtorisetoahigher level,chosensoulsofGod-all foundinFatherDoyleasympatheticunderstandingand-awise, strongguidancealongthoroughand saneCatholiclines.Hiswasan infectiousgaiety,anattractiveness, a"waywithhim"thatliterally pouredouttheloveofGodwith whichhewasafire.Itwasnot somuchwhathesaid,butwhathe wasthatmovedpeopletostriveto loveandserveChristmore.

Hisfavouriteaspiration,recited constantly,duringtheday,was: "OmnipotentGod,makemea saint,"andheworkedwithallhis mighttoattainhisgreatdesire. Buthehadarealandhardfight againsthisveryimpulsiveandardentnature.Hewrites:

"Ifeelgreatlyannoyedto-day, becauseIwaskepthearingconfessionsfornearlyfivehourswithout lunch,andalsoonarrivingatonbeingaskedtohearmoreconfessions. Iwasmuchannoyedat -yesterdayaboutextrawork tadconfessionsduringiheretreat. OurLordreproachedmeforthis, makingmeseemoreclearlythatall tLiscamefromHishandandnot fromthethoughtlessnessofothers, asItoldmyself."

Thoughhehadsuchhindrances toholinesshehadalsomanyhelms, Thefirstwasinnocenceandpurity.

Hereisapassagefromhisnotes:

"Asaboy,Godgavemeahorror ofimpurity,sothatapassing glanceatanimmodestpictureused tomakemeshudder."Godwas intenselyrealtohimandprayer seemedtobeanactualcolloquy.

Ilewritesthusduringhispreparationforfinalvowsin1909:

"Ifeelaconstantcravingfor mortification.Evenwalkingalong thestreets,IfeelGodtuggingat myheart,inasweet,lovingway, urging,alwaysurgingmetogive myselfabsolutelytoHimandHis service."Itwasespeciallyduring hisretreatsthathefoundGod's voiceclearandinsistentinhis soul,"Iambeginningmyown retreatto-morow,"hewrotein 1914,"Ilongforthistimeallthe yearuntilitcomes,andthen dreadit.1amafraidofJesus!It isatremendousthingtobealone withHimforeightwholedays,listeningtoHisvoice,drinkinginHis love-andthentothinkImaynot goanddoHisoidding!"Just afterthisretreathewrotetoan intimatecorrespondent:"Myown retreatwasahappytime.Itis one,littleoasisinmywandering lifeWhenIcanreallybealonewith Jesus.Thechieffeatureofitw(a afeelingasifHeweregivingme gotatstrengthtofaceHiswork, andanincreaseofcourageand ccefidenee.InformerretreatsI usedtosufferfromastrange!Nu efourdearLord,afearthatHe mightreallymakemeSee10:1' Hewanted;inmycowardiceI

"Youknowwhatadistracting andbusylifeismineatpresent. Imentionit,forIknowitisHis wishandIamdoingHiswork. ButnowordscouldtellhowI shrinkfromallthisintercourse withpeople,andhowhatefulthis necessary(1)gossipandchatis tome,Moreandmoreapositive passiontobealoneandsilentis thingpossessionofme.Iam neversohappyaswhenspeaking toJesus,whiletheattractionto Hisfeetinth'etabernacleattimes isagonytoresist.Mysoulhungersforprayer,notthatIfind muchsweetnessinit,butIdofind immensestrengthandgreatlight."

"Othersmaytravelbyother roads,theroadofpainis;nine" wroteFatherDoyleasaJesuit priest,afteryearsofstudyofhis

"JesustoldmeatExposition," howroteonOctober11,1914,"and (headdssignificantly)Idonot thinkIhavemistakenHisvoice, thatthewayinwhichImustsanctifymyselfisbysuffering,corporal penance,anddenialinallthings."

Hewritesagain:"Iawokeinthe middleofthenightwiththefeelingthatJesuswantedme. 1re. sisted,butatlastgotoutofbed. Atthefootofthealtar 1 was thinkingofsoniethingelse,when suddenlyHeremindedmeofmy prayer,'Jesus,comeanddwell withinmyheart,asinatabernacle!'IfeltHimurgingmeto thiscloseunion,andHeseemedto promisemethatHewouldremain withmefromCommuniontoCommunion,ifonlyIwasrecollected, hutthatIwouldeasilydriveHim awaybyunfaithfulness,especially inwantofguardovermyeyes."

FatherDoylewasverybusinesslike,efficientandenergetic;these qualitieshebroughttothetaskof makinghimselfasaint."There are,"hewrote,"twopatronsaints towhomIhaveatremendousdevotion-asheetofnotepaperanda pencil.Markdownatleastonce adayeverythingyoudo,anaevery time,youdoit.Itwillnotmake youtooproudtoseeallyoudo, butitwillhumbleyoutoseeall youdon'tdo."ThespiritualaccountancyofFatherDoylewas chiePyconcernedwithtwothings -aspirationsandactsofpenance. Aspirationshefoundextremely helpfulinovercominghimself,and inacquiringunionwithGodinall hisactions.

Therearemanyentriesinhis diaryshowinghowmuchhisefforts toovercomehisappetitecosthim. Hehadaheartyappetiteanda keentasteforsweetsanddelicacies,Hewrites:"DuringExpositionJekusaskeduseifI would giveuptakingsecondcourseat dinner.Thiswouldbeavery greatsacrifice,butIpromisedHim, a'least,totrytodoso,andbeggedforgraceandgenerosity."

Againhewrites:"Havingagain indulgedmyappetite,Imadethis resolution,thatwheneverI'doso, nomatterforwhatreason(health, Oasts,etc.),Iwillenteritinthe book.Ithinkthiswillbeacheek andwillhelpmetodowhat-Teems hasaskedsolong-noindulgence infoodwhatever."

Aswithfood,sowithsleep.We havealreadyseenhowFather Doyleoftenrobbedhimselfof sleepinordertopray.Sometimes,too,hesleptontheflooror putboardsinhisbed."During thelastthreenightsofthere treat,"hewrites(December20, 1914),"Isleptonthefloorwithoutfeelingmuchinconvenience after,thoughIawokeveryoften onaccountofthepain.Thisis thefirsttimeIhavesleptthisway formorethanonenight."

CATHOLIC MISSIONS

81Et.George'sTerrace,Perth. DiocesanOffice: Telephone:B2546.

HOLYCHILDHOOD-RANSOM ROLL-DECEMBER,1946.

St.Michael'sConventofMercy, Kalgoorlie,HeadsDecemberlist forRansomofBlackBabies.

Mary'sMountBoys'School,Kaht. mends:160, SeJoseph'sConvent,Kellerberrin:6.

PresentationConvent,Beverley:6. Kiean'sSchool,OsbornePart:

Sc.Columba'sSchool,South Perth:50, St.Gerard'sConvent,Palmyra:8. Ladies'College,VictoriaSquare: 44.

St.Anne'sSchool,Harvey:44, St.Joseph'sSchool,Queen'sPark: 10.

Sr.Joseph'sConvent,Merredln: 7.

SeJoseph'sConventSchool,Raeselton:108.

St.Joseph'sBrigidineSchool,Snbiaco:208, St.FrancisXavier'sSchool,Armsdale:23.

St.Joseph'sGirls'School,Victoria Square:132. St.Theresa'sSchool,LakeGwelup:41.

SantaMariaCollege,Attadale:71. ConventofMercy,ShentonPark: 37. St.Brigid'sPrimarySchool,West Perth:27.

St.Aloysius'HighSchool,"Avondown,"Toodyay:64.

SacredHeartConvent,Norseman: 172.

OurLadyofLourdes'School,Dardanup:20.

St.Jerome'sSchool,Spearwood:4. ConventofMercyBridgetown:40, St.ColumbiaSchool,Bayswater: 128.

St.FrancisXavier'sSchoo:,East Perth:24.

St.Patrick'sSchool,York:17.

St.Anthony'sSchool,WestNortham:20, St.Brigid'sCollege,Lesneurdie 167.

St.Michael'sConventofMercy, Kalgoorlie:861, St.Jerome'sSchool,Spearwood: St.Joseph'sSchool,Boulder:352. St.Mary'sSchool,EastGuildford: 60.

St.Joseph'sSchool,Bassendean: 112.

St.Gerard'sSchool,Palmyra:15.

StAnne'sSchool,Belmont:22. Si,Anne'sSchool,Belmont:10. St.Joseph'sSchool,Queen'sPark: 14.

ConventofMercy,Coolgardie:111 DominicanConvent,BedfordParr: 80.

CHINA'SREDS

(Continuedfromfrontcover.)

theleadersandtheyareallowed tocarryontheirwork-forthe timebeingatleast.Yetthelatestabsolutelyauthenticreportfrom aRedprovincestatesthatmore thanahundredforeignmissionariesareindanger:Swiss,American, Dutch,Polish,Hungarian,German andJugo-Slay.

OnJuly6oflastyear,theReds demandedthatthemissionariessign apaperdenouncingChiangKaishekandtseUnitedStates.Becausetheyrefused,theMayor summonedtheCatholicstotheCathedraland,whileemphasisingthe freedomofreligiondefactoat. tackedreligionandtriedtoinstigatethefaithfulagainsttheirpastors.Thenthe08-year-oldBishop, aHollander.wasarrestedwith threepriests.Later,sevensistersweregaoled,afterthedispensary,whichtheyhadopenedwhen Redsoldiersoccupiedtheirhospitalandresidence,wasclosedand thekeytakenbytheMayor.Extravagantchargesweremadeagain. stthemissionaries.andthecaptiveswerenotallowedtodefend themselves.Theplotseemstobe todestroytheChurch;asoneRed stated:"Wemustfirstremovethe foreignpriestsandthenwecan easilygetridoftheChinese priests."

FromJuly21toJuly23theaged Bishop,thepriestsandsisterswere led,morningandafternoon, throughthepublicstreetstothe church,andthereforcedtositin thechoirtobepubliclymockedby :bedregsofthepeople.Onthe platformbeforethealtarwerearrangedthesacredvestmentsand vesselsforHolyMass.Theytried toforcetheBishopandprieststo putonthesacredvestmentstobe mocked;buttheyrefused.During theseparadesthroughthestreets theBishopcollapsedseveraltimes becauseofhisweakness.Thepeo'alewept,butcoulddonothing againsttheReds.WhenanAmericanpriestcamefromanearby Towntocomplainatthistreatment, theRedauthoritiesrepliedthatit wasnoneofhisbusinessandthat heshouldnotinterferebecausethe priestsandsisterswerecriminals. TheCommuniststelltheCatholics: "YourJesushaspromisedheaven forthelast3,000yearsandhasnot yetgivenit.Wenotonlypromiseyouheaven,butarealsogivingit.Inaaborttimeunderour governmentyouwillbeinheave,'

Mary'sMountBoys'College ICalanunda

EXAMINATIONRESULTS.

TRINITYCOLLEGEOFMUSIC.

PRACTICAL.

VERSE-SPEAKINGCHOIRS: Junior,Honours(01).

Preparatory: No,1,Honours (90).

Preparatory:Not2,Honours (86).

ADVANCEDPREPAiRATORY.

Honours:D.McNeil(92),

FIRSTSTEPS:Honours:R.

Hurst,J.Waddell,B.Howsor.

Credit:B.Hope,DrPowell.

INITIAL,:Honours:T.Dribble, J.Turner,D.McGuiness.Credit: D.Thomas. THEORY,JUNE,1946.

INTERMEDIATE:Credit:J.

Hope.

JUNIOR:Honours:B.McAlpine, FDella,D.McNeil.Credit:E. Howson.

PREPARATORY:Honours:B. Howson(100),P.Neck(100),B. Wells(100),J.Waddell(90),P, Porter(90),E.Barrett,B.Hope, I.McAlpine,B.McOullagh.Cre. dit:M.Fitzpatrick,K.Hurst.

FIRSTSTEPS:Honours:J. O'Rourke(100),D.McGuinness (i9),R.liaise(99).

UNIVERSITY.

PRACTICAL.

GRADEV.:Credit:J.Hope.

GRADEVI.:Credit:B.Wells, P.Neck,M.Courboules,R.Heise IMcAlpine,B,McCullagh,B. Clarke

PREPARATORY:D.McGuinnessP.Porter.

VIOLIN.

GRADEIII.:L.Davey.

GRADEVI.:Honours:E.Della, MFitzpatrick.Credit:-B.Me Alpine,E.Barrett.

PREPARATORY:B.Anderson, D.liaise,K.Hurst,R.Shaw,D. Thomas,V.Giannias,L,Tonkin,J. O'Rourke.

MUSICALPERCEPTION,

GRADEV.:Honours:E.BarrettM.Fitzpatrick,P.Porter,B. Wells,P.Neck,J.Hope.Credit: B.McAlpine,E.Della,

H.A.C.B.S.

MetropolitanSocialCouncil.

SomerepresentativesofUNILR.k happenedtobepresentinthetown atthetimeandsucceededintaking picturesoftheBishop,priestsand sistersbeingdraggedthroughthe streets.Anaccountofthewhole affairwasforwardedtoGeneral Marshall'sheadquartersandwas givenquiteabitofpublicityin Shanghaipapers.Thelatestreportwas:"July25.At4p.m.the Communistsweretoorganisea People'sCourttotrythemission. aries."

AndsowehaveChineseCommunismasitisintheoryandin practice.If"Pinks"declareitis notyeteverywhereasbadhereas itisinRussia,thatispayinga verypoorcomplimentindeed,to Russia.Moscowdeniesthatitis backingChineseCommunismin anyway;butifChineseRedsaren't beingdirectedfromMoscow,they aretheonlyCommunistpartyin anynationthatisn't.Andthatis prettyhardtoswallowwithor withoutatrainofsal;

Phone13. Box1201

AustraliaHotel EALGOOHLIE.

ThePresident,Bro.Page,presidedatthemeetingheldonFriday,January3.DelegatesrepresentingtheDistrictBoard,MidlandJunction,Maylands,Leedervine,SouthPerth,VictoriaPark, andSubiacowerepresent.

Theshieldcommitteepresented tothemeetingtherulesforthe 194?competitions.Rulesleft openfordiscussionbybranches ur.tilthenextcouncilmeeting,tobe heldonJanuary17.Anysuggestionsbybranchesmustreachthe councilbeforethisdate.

Inter-branchfixtures,alsocompiledbytheshieldcommittee,were presentedandconfirmed.

Thegrandannualpicnicwillbe heldonSunday,February23,to Keane'sPoint.Theas."Perth" wil:leavetheBarrack-streetJetty at10.30am.,returningtoPerthat 7p.m.Fareswillbe:Singleticket,2s.;familyticket,4s,;children'sticket,9d. Sportsprogrammeshavebeenarangedfor childrenandadults.Aninterbranchrelayracewillbeheld.EntriescloseonFriday,February21.

Entryfee2-6perteam.Thisrace isopenonlytoHibernianmembers.Trophypresentedtowinningteam.Thispicnicisnotcon. finedtoHiberniaiimembersonly, sobringalongyourfriendsand theirfriends,andmakeitadayto remember.Don'tforget,February23.

Councilmeetingsfortheyearwill beheldonthefirstandthirdFridaysofeachmonth.Delegatesare askedtoattend,Branchesareremindedthatdelegatestothecount.]mustbenominatedandelected

TheChristmassocialofthe branch,heldonDecember13,was anexceptionallyenjoyableevening,alargegatheringofmembers andtheirfriendsbeingpresent. Arrangementsarenowunderway forabeachparty,tobeheldon February6,and,asthiswillbebut aforerunnerformanymoresocial outingsfortheensuingyear,new andprospectivemembersareassuredofaheartywelcome.

Fixturesfortheinter-branch competitionsintabletennis,quoits andbadmintonhavenowbeen drawnupfor1947.

National Catholic Girls' MOVEMENT

HEADQUARTERS, Ameetingofthe"MarianLodge" Committee'willbeheldatHeadquartersonWednesday,January 22,l947,at8p.m.Represents. livestothiscommitteepleasenote.

SocialWeek-End, Asocialweek-endhasbeenarrangedforJanuary25,26,and27 -.thelongweek-end.Anyoneinterestedshouldlettheirbranch presidentorMarianLodgerepresentativeknow,

CATHEDRALBRANCH.

SUBIACOBRANCH, CityBeach,

OnTuesday,January14,and everysecondTuesdayafterthat fortherestofthesummerweare goingouttoCityBeachstraight afterwork, GeneralMeeting, Tuesday,the21st.,at8p.m.

NEDLANDSBRANCH,

GeneralMeeting.

Theneatgeneralmeetingwill beheldonSunday,the19th,atSt. Theresa'sHall.Finalarrangementsaboutourtennispartytothe Zoowillbemade.Therewillbe gamescommunitysinging,etc., afterthemeeting,combinedwith theY.C.W.

DancingClumps

willbeheldfrom8o'clockto0 o'clockatSt.Theresa'sHallon the14th.and28th,MissRainerhas beenverykindingivingupher timetotakechargeofthese classes.Thereisnothingtopay, andwewillsupplylightrefreshmentsduringtheevening.

HIGHGATEHILLBRANCI-4.

GeneralMeeting.

atthesametime,andinthesame manner,asbranchofficers.Natification,byletter,mustbesentto tiesecretaryofthecouncil,All branchesareaskedtomakean efforttoelectdelegatestothecouncil,Thenextmeetingwillbe heldonFriday,January17.

OurLadyHelpofChristians' Branch,EastVictoriaPark.

Afteravacationofamonth, thisbranchmetonJanuary7with afairlygoodattendance.The principalbusinesswasthesyllabus ofactivitiesforthecomingyear; keeninterestbeingtakeninthe inter-branchcompetition's.

Thefirstgeneralmeetingofthe CathedralBranchoftheN.C.G.M. washeldonTuesday,January7, anditwasmoatgratifyingtonote manynewfaces.OurChaplain stressedtheneedoftheMovement to-dayamongstourCatholicgirls, printingouttha4theveryideals andactivitiesofsamewouldhelp hemtoenjoytheChristianmode oflifeandtorealisethatthereal purposeinlifeistoworkforthe greatergloryofGodintheireverydaythoughtsandactionswhichin turnmeansworkingfortheireternalsalvation. Activities, Datearfangedforswimmingand allwhomanagedtomeetatScarboroughSundaylasthadanenjoyableday.Willdiscussplansfor nightswimmingatthenextmeeting.TenniseachWednesday night,Thenextgeneralmeeting willbeheldonJanuary21atthe CathedralHall,afterwhichthere willbebasketballandbadminton,

About40girlsattendedthelast meetingheldonJanuary9.Two impromptutalksweregivenafter themeeting,onebyDorothyCutts on"MyFirstJob,"theotherby FayScotton"Lifeinthe W.A.A.A.F.'e."Wehopetocontinuethesetalksafterthemeetingsinfuture.Thenextmeeting willtakeplaceonThursday,January23,andelectionsforthecomingyearwillbeheld, Ballet, OnceagainwehaveMissShirley Lovetoteachthegirlsnewsteps, sowewouldlikeallthegirlswho wereintheballetlastyear,and alimemberswhoareinterested, tobringalongtheirballetshoesfor thenextmeeting.

Sturmer&Son (LateHaDion's) BAKERS

90JOHNSTREET,N.FREMANTLE.

L2739.PrizeWinnersRoyalShow DeliveriesThroughoutFremantle.

ItCostsNoMoretohaveyour PrescriptionsAccurately

TheHibernianAnnualPicnic, afteralapseduringthewaryears, isbeingrevivedandwilltakeplace onthefourthSundayinFebruary, attheoldspot,Keane'sPoint.The "Perth"ischarteredfortheoccasion, Memberswerepleasedtohear againfromBro,BillMcCarthy, formerlyofthisbranch,andofthe R.A.A.F.,butnowofSacredHeart Branch,Moenran,N.S.W.Bill neverforgetshisoldfriendsin EastVictoriaPark, CongratulationstoBro,andSr, Slellowshiponthearrivalofalittle Hibernian.

Congratulationsalso,andgood wishestoBro,BillMcCarthy(cousinofthefirstmentionedBro. McCarthy)andSr.ShirleyWalsh, ontheirengagement.

Bro,andSr,ArthurMcCarthy havereturnedfromapleasantholi. dayspentamongthehillsand appleorchardsofBridgetown.

St.Kevin'sBranch.

ThefirstmeetingoftheSt. Kevin'sBranchfor1,947washeld onThursday,9th.inst.,Bro,Sweeneypresidingoveragoodattendanceofmembers.

THERECORD.

MASTERGLENBREEN, WinnerofStateScholarship,en. titlinghimtofiveyears'free tuition.

MASTERJOHNMANN, wassuccessfulingainingtheChristianBrothers'Scholarship,tenableforfiveyears,

StrongestSingleParty,inFranceandItaly ChristianDemocrats

PoliticalActionWhichConformsto.Moral BasisofLife

RadicalismBasedonSocialJustice

By()proBIRD,

There'smuchconfusionoverEurope'snewpoliticalmovement,Is itCatholic,radical,orwhat?

TheelectionsofJune2inFrance andItalybroughthomeforthe firsttimetothepublictheimportanceofChristianDemocracy. Therewasreallyonlyonevictor iiitheFrenchelections.Thatwas thePopularRepublicanMovement, orM.R.P.,asitisknowninFrance, whichcampaignsas"apartyof ChristianDemocraticinspiration," Thispartymadethelargestgains ofanypartyandisnowthestrongestsinglepoliticalgroupinFrance, withalmost30percentofthetotal vote. InItaly,likewise,the ChristianDemocraticPartyemerg. edasthestrongestpartyandis evenstrongerthanitsFrench cennterpartinthatitwonslightlyover35percent,ofthevotes.

Thesepartieshavedifferent namesinthedifferenteonntricsof Europe.Butwhethertheyare calledChristianDemocrats(Italy, Germany),ChristianSocialists Belgium Germany) People's Party(Holland,Czechoslovakia), srPopularRepublicans(France), theyallshareacommonpolitical outlook.ThisbasicpoliticalattitudeismostaccuratelyandcommonlycalledChristianDemocracy, Ournewspapercorrespondents seemtobeatalosswhentheytry todescribeChristianDemocracy andtodefinethestandofthe ChristianDemocraticparties.They hesitateastowhethertheyshould callthemCatholicpartiesandway*,intheireffortstoclassifythem asbelongingeithertotheRight ertheLeft.

M1158-Telephones-L1480

MEAD,SON&CO.

FUNERALDIRECTORS

190ALBANYROAD, VICTORIAPARL 33CANNINGHIGHWAY, EASTFREMANTLE

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"TheSign."

Itiseasytoseewhyourcorrespondentshavedifficultyinmaking :suchaclassification.TheItalian ChristianDemocratsintheircam. l,algningfortheelectionsexpresslydeclaredthattheydidnotbelong eithertotheLeftorRight.In fact,theycontinuallysoughtto avoidbecomingidentifiedwithany oneeconomicgroupinthecountry. Thereasonforthisisthatthe ChristianDemocraticParty in Italy,aselsewhereinEurope,is notaclasspartysuchasmany oftheothercontinentalEuropean partiestendtobe.Itiscloserto theAmericantypeofpoliticalparty inthatitsmemberscomefromall classes-fromthepropertyless farmlabourers andindustrial workers,fromtheprofessionaland white-collarworkers,andeven fronttheupperclasses,thewellto-doandlargepropertyholders, Thefactthatitisnotbuilton classlinesisoneofthefundamentaldifferencesbetweentheChristianDemocraticPartyandtheSocialistsandCommunists.Thisis reflectedinitsprogrammeinthat, unliketheSocialistsandCommunists,theChristianDemocratsare fundamentallyopposedto class warfare.

ChristianDemocracyisareform 'party.Itnotonlyrecognisesthe icedforveryconsiderablesocial andeconomicreform,buthasbecomeidentifiedwiththemovement forestablishingsocialjusticefor thecoalmanman:infact,itcampaignsforthe"primacyoflabour," astheItalianChristianDemocrats iliaintheJuneelections,IncommonwiththepartiesoftheLeft, ChristianDemocracyadvocatesnationalplanningofeconomiclifeand admitsthatthisa-illentailsome degreeofnationalisationandstate ownership.Itsmainstress,howeser,isupontheneedforreintegratingthelabouringmanintosocietybymakinghimaresponsible partnerintheeconomicprocessof whichheisapart.Thisistobe accomplishedbytheformationof "IndustryCouncils"intheshops andfactorieswherelabourand managementmeettosolvetheir commonproblemsandtoplantheir productionprogrammeaswellas toshareintheprofits.

ThereisnodoubtthattheChristianDemocraticsocialprogramme wouldappearextremelyradicalto ninnyCatholics.Thisisimmediatelyevidentfromtheprogramme oftheFrenchPopularRepublicans, whichwasdrawnupduringtheResistancemovementandwhichistodaythebasicprogrammeforthe reconstructionofFrance,This programmecallsfor,amongother things,anationalplannedeconomy, thenationalisationofpowerand naturalresources,ofinsurance companiesandthelargebanks, wideparticipationoforganised labourinsocialandeconomiclife withaveryextensivesocialsecurityprogramme.Atthesametime itstressestheneedofeliminating theconditionoftheproletariatby makingitpossibleforalltoobtain property

Actually,thisprogrammeisnot as"radical"asitsounds,anditis dictatedmorebythedesperateeconomicneedofFrancethanbypoliticalideology.Then,too,itsterminologyismisleading.Thusthe mainpurposeofthe"nationalisation"ofthebanksandtheinsur-

ancesystemwastoobtaingovernmentcontroloverthecreditsystemofthecountrysuchasourgov. ernmenttosomeextentpossesses. Butwhilesuchcontrolinthecase ofthebankshasbeenobtainedby actualstateownership,"nationalisation"forM.R.P.isbynomeans identicalwithstateownership.As amatteroffact,thebasicM.R.P. economicprogramme,drawnupin August,1945,expresslyopposes stateownershipandmanagement. Itsaimisdescribedas"economic democracy."Justaspoliticaldemocracyischaracterisedbythe participationofthepeopleingovernment,so,accordingtoM.R.P. economicdemocracymeansselfgovernmentineconomiclifewith thewidestparticipationofthepeople.Inthefewcasesofthelarge keyindustrieswhichtendtobe monopolisticbynatureandwhere nationalcontrolisessentialforthe commongoodM.R.P.advocatesthe formationofassociationsorcooperativeunitsinwhichrepresentativesoflabour,owners,andgovernmentshareinthedeterminationofpolicy.Nationalisationin thissenseoffersanalternative whichisneitherprivatenorstate ownership.

Anotherfactorwhichisextremelyimportantinthepopularityof theChristianDemocratsisthe prominentroletheyplayedinthe movementofResistanceagainst theSazis.PThisisespeciallytrue ofthePopularRepublicansin France. 31.11.,P,leaderGeorges Bidault,formerPremierandForeignMinister,wasPresidentofthe National,CouncilofResistance, whichwasthecentralcommittee ofallthenumerousResistance groupsinFranceduringtheNaZi occupation.ThePresidentofthe PartywastheRadioVoiceofGeneralDeGaulle'sFreeFrance, broadcastingfromLondonduring thewar.TheundergroundexperienceoftheM,R.P.leadersduring thewarisreflectednowinthepoliticalsuccessoftheirparty.

ThisconnectionoftheChristian Democraticpartieswithreligion hasgivenrisetomuchmisunderstanding,TotheaverageCatholic,itoftenappearstobeanexampleoftheChurchmixinginpolitics,TheChristianDemocrats, however,continuallystressthat theyarenota"Churchparty"and thattheydonotappealtomenof anyparticularfaith-buttoallmen ofgoodwillwhoaccepttheirpoliticalprogramme.Thisisborne outinpractice.ChristianDemocracyacceptsmenofallfaiths. ItalyandFrance,beingmostlyCatholic,gathermostoftheirmembersfromamongtheCatholics. ButinGermanybothProtestants andCatholicsjoinintheworkof theChristianDemocraticUnion, ThesizeoftheFrenchM.R.P.vote makesitfairlyevidentthatmen ofnoparticularreligiousconvictionsaswellasChristiansalso votedforit.

Whythendothesepartiesuse thenameChristianandcallthemselves"partiesofChristiandemocraticinspiration"?Theanswer reststo.aconsiderableextentupon theparticularconditionsofcontinentalEuropeanpoliticallife,One ofthebasicprinciplesofChristian Democracyistheneedofrestoring c'cralityinpubliclife,Theevils ofNazismrevealedwhathappens whenmoralityisconsideredashavingnobearinguponpubliclifeand theactionsofthestate.

nameof"Christian"tosignifythat itstandsformoralityinpublicas wellasprivatelife.Thusitre. affirmsinapublicwaythefact thatourChristianheritageisthe noralbassisofourwayoflifeand thatpoliticalactionmustconform toit, Indefendingthespiritualdignity ofmanasunderstoodintheChristiantradition,italsodefendsthe placeofreligion.Thatiswhy itisfounddefendingtheinterests ofreligionintheparticularinstanceswhentheybecomeinvolved withpoliticalissues.Wearefortunatethatwehavenotyetcome H.tolerateopenattacksuponthe valueofreligioninthepolitical field.Ourreligiousheritageis takenforgrantedinpoliticallife anditsvaluesarenotquestioned byourpuplicservantseventhough theymaynotalwaysbeaccepted bythem.Thusithasbeenpossibleonthewholeforreligionto re-mainaboveandoutsidepodt:cal battles.

InEurope,however,ithasbeen averydifferentstory.Therethe sableofreligionitselfhasoften beenapoliticalissue,antithere havebeenmanypoliticalgrsupings whosesoleunifyingforcewrstheir anticlericaloranti-religionscharacter.Inthissituationit has beennecessaryformenofreligious convictionstohandtogethertodefendreligioninthepoliticalarena andinsodoingtodefendthespiritualfreedomofman.TheCiristianDemocraticpartiesto-day carryonthatfightinEuropeat thesametimethattheyfightfora progressivesocialandeconomic programmetobringjusticefortae commonman.

Byaqueerquirkoffate,perlape ,hemostfamousoftheChristian Democratshasuntilrecentlybeen inAmerica.DonSturzo,theelderstatesmanofChristianDeno. eraey,isinaveryrealseineits spiritualfather.

DonSturzoisanItalianpriest whoisrememberedandloved throughoutItalyforhisIon;work tobetterthelotoftheItalianpeasantsandworkers.Thatreaehed itshighpointwithhisfoundingin 1919theItalianPopularPart,the forerunnerofthepresentChristianDemocraticParty.Although nopriestsarenowallows']tohold officeintheItalianChristianDeInocraticParty,conditionswereso verydifferentduringthefirstyears ofthiscenturythatonlyapriest couldthenaccomplishthatwork. Apromisingstartwasmadeinme. uiatelyfollowingthefirstWorld WartobringtogetherChristianity anddemocracyinInCianpolitical lies Beforethattime,inItalyas inmuchoftherestofEurope, thosewhocallelthemselvesdemocratswereno,Chre,tanswhile thosewhoclaimedtodefer,lChristinsitywerenotdemorats.Don Siurzoandhisgroupwereboth, andevenhisworstpoliticalenemiesadmittedit.

Unfortunately,thisbeginningwas cutshortbytheadventofFascism, PonSturzowascompelledtoflee hisnativelandand,sincethen,has beenanexileinmanylands, TheoutbreakofthesecondWorld WarbroughthimtoAmerica.From aroominBrooklynthislittleold manofseventy-fiveyearsmostof themspentintheserviceofChristianDemocracy,watchedthetriumphofhisidealsinpoliticalac. (ionitsEurope.

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OURCATHOLICSCHOOLSANDCOLLEGES

LoretoConvent"Osborne"-Claremont BOARDINGANDDAYCOLLEGE.

TheSchoolprovidesasoundeducationonmodernlinesinallbranches ofstudy.Thepupilsarepreparedforallexaminations.The'Schoolis beautifullysituatedbetweenOceanandRiver,inextensivegrounds, withfineplayingfieldsandprivateSwimmingPoolinRiver. TelephoneF2135. Apply-MOTHERSUPERIOR

mileAWHILE

Elsiehadbeentoaparty.

Mother:"DidyouWeaveniely?,

Maud:"What'sthematter,Anne; youseemsad."

Anne:"I'mdisappointedis George,Hekeptwritingmethat he'dneverevenlookatanother girlandtheotherdayIheardbe wasdecoratedforgallantry."

* * Aparsononhiswaytochurch, oneSundayfel;impelledtoadmonishagroupofboyswhomhefound playingmarbles.

SACREDHEARTHIGHSCHOOL

Elsie:"Yes,mother,whenalittlegirlfelloff4chairalltheothers laughed,butIdidnotlaugh."

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BoysrecommendedonthescoreofcharacterbytheParishPriestmay nowbeenrolledforcommencementinFebruary,1947. ForParticularsapplyto-THEBROTHERDIRECTOR CHRISTIANBROTHERS,MT.HENRY. ONEOFTHEASSOCIATEDPUBLICSCHOOLSOFW.A.

AQUINASCOLLEGE

TELEPHONE

"TheRecord,"460MayStreet, Perth.'PHONE:MO.

Mother:"Thatwaskindofyou. Whydidn'tyoulaugh?"

Elsie:"IwastheMilegirl."

4, Ayoungboyinthewitnessbox wassomuchateaseandansweringthequestionspottohinisofluentlythatthejudgewassuspicious.

"Didanyonetellyouwhattosay incourtbefoneyoucamehere?" heasked.

"Oh,yes,sir,"repliedtheboy.

Counselfortheprosecutionwas upinarmsatonce.

"Ifeltsurethiswitnesshadbeen tamperedwith,"hesnapped.

Thejudgeturnedtotheboy.

"Willyoutellme,"hesaid,"who toldyouwhattosay?"

"Myfather,sir,"answeredthe boy,"Hesaidthelawyerswould trytogetmealltangle.,up,butif IstucktothetruthIwouldbe quiteallright."

* * * *

Visitor(tolittleBetty):"Won't youcomeandgivemeakiss?"

Betty:"NoIcan't."

Visitor:"Whyno'dear?"

Betty:"MummiesaidImustnot getoffthechin.becausethere'sa bigholeinthecusl.ion."

YoungWidow:"Iwo.ntanice parrot,please,toktepmeeompany."

Dealer:"This'ereps-rotit,the cageisthebeatwehave,brt wouldn'tsellhimwithoutletting youknowhisonefault;he'llgram. bleterriblyifhisfooddoesn'tsuit him"

YoungWidow:"I'lltakehim.It willseemquitelikehavingairon inthehouseagain."

* * * *

Avisitortothevillagenoticed thatoneinhabitantwastreated withgreatrespectbytheothers.

"Iobserve,"remarkedthevisitor,"thatyoualltreatthatman withconsiderabledeference."

"Yes,"wastheanswer;"he's oneoftheearlysettlers."

"Earlysettlers?"askedtheother. "Why,hecan'tbeoverthirtyyears ofage."

"Thatmaybetrue,"repliedthe oldman;"buthepaysallhisbills onthefirstofthemonth."

* * *

Amotoristwhosecarbroke downonenightonalonelyroadin NorthernIrelandfoundhumblebut hospitableaccommodationin a smallcroftnearby.Nextmorning hisbreakfastconsistedmainlyofa largebowlofporridge.

Duringthemealhewasastonishedtofindhimselfratherpopular withasmallpig,whichnuzzled againsthislegsisamostaffec tionateandpersistentmanner.At lastheremarkedtohishost:"Your pigseemstohavetakenagreat likingtome.Ididn'tknowapig couldbesoaffectionate."

"Och,it'snotyouitlikes,"was theIrishman'sreply."It'sjust thatyou'reusinghisbowl,"

* * *

"Dad,didyoulearntowriteand speakFrenchwhenyouwereat school?"

"Yes,son,why?"

"Oh,Idunno!Tomeitseems awasteoftimetryingtodosomethingtheFrenchdosomuchbet. ter."

* * * *

"Yousaythedefendantranhis carintotheshowwindowofamillineryshop,"saidthebarrister throughhalf-closedeyelids, "That'sright,sir,"saidtheconstable,whohadwitnessedtheaccident, "Butthatdoesn'tprovethathe wasintoxicateddoesit?"snapped thebarristerquickly, "Well,no,"saidtheconstable, lightly;"butwhenIarrestedhim wastryingontheladies'hats."

TheArtist:"I'vebeengettinga gooddealofcreditformywork lately."

TheModel:"Butcanyouget enoughofittoliveon?"

* * * *

HotelManager:"Herearesome photographswhichgiveverygood viewsofthehotelifyou'dliketo takethemawaywithyou,sir," DepartingGuest:"No,thank you.Ihavemyownviewsofthe hotelwhichIamgoingtotake awaywithmeforthebenefitofmy friends."

* * * *

Boss'sWife:"Ihopeyouanswer peopleproperlyonthe'phone?"

OfficeBoy:"Yes,ma'am.When Whenapersonsays,'IsMister Brownthere?'Isays,'Yes,sir,' andwhenapersonsays,'IsCharliein?'Isays,'Yes,ma'am.'"

* * *

AScottishchurchheldaself. denialweek.Oneofthemembers, notcelebratedforhispiety,came totheministerattheendofthe weekandhandedoverSs3d,allin threepennypieces, "Thisisverykindofyou,Jock," saidtheparson,"buthowisit yourcontributionisinthreepenny bits?"

Jockshuffledhisfeet,andsaid: "Wee],sir,it'smacustomtohave hreewhiskiesandsodas every day,butasweareholdingaselfdenialweekIfeltImustgiveup somethingand---"noddingtowardsthesmallcoins-"theseare thesodas,sir."

"Boys,"hecried,"youshouldn't beplayingmarblesto-day.Don't youknowthatSunday'sadayof rest?"

"Yes,sir"repliedonelad,respectfully."Weknowit,but we'renottired!"

Photographer:"Watchandsee hedickybird."

Child:"Justpayattentionto yourexposuresothatyoudonot ruintheplate,"

betterreceivedbyteacher"Dear Miss,pleasedon'tgiveTommyany morehomework.Thatsumabout howlongwouldittakeamanto walk60timesroundTrafalgar Squarecausedhisfathertolosea day'swork.Thenwhenhe'dwalkedityoumarkedthesumwrong."

* * * * Amanwhosedimensionswere broadaslonglayuponthetable. preparedforanoperation.

Thedoctor,withaverypuzzled expression,stoodgazingatthepatient.

"Whatareyouwaitingfor,doctor?"askedthenurse,

"Well,"camethereply,"Ican't makeupmymindwhethertooperateorblast!"

Admirer:"Wheredidyougetthat heartrendingdescriptionofasick WM?"

GreatAuthor:"It'sthewaymy boysayshefeelswhenhewantsto getoutofgoingtoschool."

'WomenareimitatingmenIn everything-itisterrible."

"Notineverything-Icantell youonethingwhichawomandoes notcopyfromaman."

"Whatisthat?"

"Sheneverinvitesherfriendsto celebrateher50th.birthday."

* * * * "henry,"whisperedhiswife, "I'mconvincedthereisaburglar downstairs."

"Well,mydear,"repliedherhusband,drowsily,"Ihopeyoudon't expectmetohavethecourageof yourconvictions."

Wednesday,

THECATHOLICANSWER

(OontinuedfromPage3,)

leveerorgracefromGod,wecall .hissupernaturallife"grace,"and sinceitunitesamantoGod,we callitsanctifyinggrace,

Nowifamanwhoislivinginthe stateofsanctifyinggraceshould commitagrievoussin-thatisto say,ifheshouldrebelagainstGod, andbreakHislawinaserious wayandrefuse,hesetshimselfat enmitywithGodandisdeprivedof thissanctifyinggraceorsupernaturallife.,Hencethesinissaidto killhissoulortobeamortalsin, TheCatholiccatechismasksthe question:"Isitagreatmisfortune tofallintomortalsin?"andanswersitthattofallintomortalsin isthegreatestofallmisfortunes. Thatthisistruewillbeapparent toallwhorealisethatamanwho diesinthestateofmortalsincan neverrecoversanctifyinggrace, butwillremainatenmitywithGod forever,andwillsuffereverlasting punishmentinhell.

Nextquestion:Whatismeantby venialsin?

A.:VenialsinisbreakingGod'i lawinalessseriouswaythanby mortalsin.

AmanwhotriestoliveaChristianlife-whopraystoGodregularlyandfrequentstheSacrament's institutedbyChristforthesanctificationofmen-willnotcommit mortalsins,butevengoodChristianmencommitmanyfaultsand fallshortmanytimesadayofthe exaltedmoralcodetaught by ChristOurLord.Anysuchfailing,providedthatitbepartiallyat leastdeliberate,isavenialsin.it iscalled"venial"-forgivablesin, becauseavenialsin,beinglessevil, canbemoreeasilyforgiven,and sinceitdoesnotamounttorebellionagainstGod,itdoesnotdeprivethesoulofsupernaturallife, andconsequently,evenshoulda mandie-asmostmendo-withhis soulstainedwithmanyvenialsins, thosesinscanbe,andwillbe,forgivenbyGodevenafterdeath. AfterbehasbeenpurifiedinPurgatoryhewillbeadmittedtothe fullunionwithGod,whichisIlea. 55'5.

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RECOMMENDATIONS

REGARDINGEUCHARISTIC:

FAST

ThenextletterisfromJ.P. Sheehan,Perth,whowrites:

(I)Whenwerethepresentregulationsmadecompulsoryrethe four-hourfast,etc.,preceding thereceivingofHolyCommunion atMidnightMass?

(2)Andbywhom?

A.:Icananswerbothquestions togetherMr.Sheehan,"TheRecord,"theofficialorganofthe ArchdioceseofPerth,containedthe followingparagraphinitsissue datedDecember2,1946:

"HolyCommunionatMidnight Mass.

'RecommendationRegardingEucharisticFast

"TheHierarchyofAustraliarecommendthatthosewhointendto receiveHolyCommunionatMidnightMass,abstainfromsolidfood andalcoholicdrinkforfourhours, andfromnon-alcoholicdrinkfor onehourbeforereceivingHoly Communion," Soyousee,therecommendation hasremaineda recommendation andnotbecomeare.wint;ou.How ever,thosewhoareabletodosoandtheywillbevastlyinthemajority-willnodoubtgiveaready responsetothisrecommendationof theAustralianHierarchy.

REBUILDINGALOSTFAITH

H,G.StainthorpeMarshall,VictoriaPark:

Ihavehereaveryfriendlyletterfromaformercorrespondent:

"Iamwritingto-nighttothank youforyouranswertomyauestionontheuseofphysicalforce byaChristian, amnotseekingtocriticisetheteachingof yourChurch;mymainobjectIn studyingyourdoctrineisthat maybebetterabletounderstand youandyourpeople. hadan ideaonceofco-operationofthe "Religions,"butIhavehadto giveitup,notbeingpracticable. Ithinktoldyoualreadythat amnotaChristian;butamin nowayantagonistic'towards Christianity,anddowhatlittle cantopreventinter.racialand inter-religious III-feelingand strife. amafraidthelittleIs verylittleindeed,butIdowhat can. Inthefutureitmay pleaseGodthatIdomore."

A.:Ishallinterruptyourletter here,Mr.Marshalltosaythatyour prayertoAlmightyGodthatyou maybeabletodomoretolessen ill-feelingandstrife,willsurely tiringyouablessingfromHim.

Howdidithappenthatyou arenotabelieverinChrist?

WereyoueveraChristian?If youhavelostyourfaithduringthe passageoftheyears,Ihopeyou willmakeagreatefforttorebuild it,byprayerandstudy.MightI recommendausefulbook?Itis called"RebuildingaLos:-Faith," byStoddard.Itcanbeobtained atPellegrini'sCatholicBookShop, inPerth.Ifeelconfident,given yourexcellentdispositionsandyour evidentChrist-likedesireforgoodwillamongmen,thatyouarenot farfromChrist'sMngdom.You believeinGod,soprayearnestlyto RimtoshowyouthatHehasgiven usHisonlySon,theSecondDivine PersonoftheMostHolyTrinity, tobeforustheWay,theTruth, andtheLife.

DOESTHEBIBLEEVER MENTIONTHECATHOLIC CHURCH?

"DawsonoftheNever-Never"

DoestheBibleeverspeakofthe CatholicChurch?

A.:Yes,whenChristOurLord usesthewords"MyChurch"or "theChurch,"Heisspeakingof theCatholicChurch.Thesame maybesaidoftheNewTestament generally;theideaoftheirbeing morethanonechurchisquiteforeigntotheteachingofChristand theApostles.ChristOurLord cametoteachthetruth,notomultitudeofconflicting opinions. OtherwiseHecouldnothavesaid

theApostlesunderstoodthe Church;St.Paulsumsupthedivineplan-forman'ssalvationas: 'OneLord,onefaith,onebaptism, oneGodandFatherofal'.":Eph.

4,5,)

NextQuestion: Idon'trememberthephrase"Catholic Church."

A.:Itdoesnotoccurinthe Bible.Evento-dayitisnotthe wordthatcountsbuttheideabe. hindit,Forinstance,wecould refertotheCatholicChurchasthe "Teach-all-nations"Churchorthe "One-Church-for-all-men-and-aflame,"butitis,Ithinkyouwilladmit,bettersimplytousetheword "Catholic,"whichmeansallthat.

NextQuestion:Ifnot,whereis theCatholicChurchfirstmentioned?

A.:AsIhavealreadyexplained, theCatholicChurchismentioned frequentlyintheBible,butwhat youmeantosayis,"Wheredoes thephraseCatholicChurch,'first occur?"Well,thereisgoodreasontobelievethatthetermwas usedinspeecheveninthelifetime oftheApostles,buttheearliestextantuseofitinwritingoccursin theworksoftheCat:110'i.!Bishop, St,IgnatiusofAntiochnit°wasa contemporaryofSt.JohntheApostle.Writingabouttheyearli0 -probablyaboutfiveortyearn afterthedeathofthelastApt.stle-hesays:"Wherethebishopis, thereletthemultitudeofthebelieversbe;evenaswhereJesus ChrististhereistheCatholic Church."

"IamtheLightoftheworld;he thatfollowsMedoesnotwalkin thedarkness,"Hecommissieiieil HisChurchtoteachallnation,:. andtoPreachthegospeltoevery creature.HisChurchwa,obviouslymeanttobeuniversaland that,ofcourse,iswhattheword "('atholic"means.Itwa,sothat

GEELONGGRAMMARHEAD OUTSPOKEN.

EDUCATIONDIVORCEDFROM RELIGION,

Thedangerof"aneducatondivorcedfromreligion"wasreferred toinacharacteristicallydirect --tatemen;byMr..1.R.Darling, headmasterofGeelongChurchof EnglandGrammarSchool,atthe speechday.

"ThepresentmethodoftheoverorganisedStateisnottoexercise thecompulsionoflegalprevention aswasemployed,say,byLouis XIV.,aftertheRevocationofthe EdictofNantes,butitmaybe equallyeffectiveifbypressureof taxationandcostsitdrivesthe Churchschoolsoutofexistence," Mr.Darlingsaid,

"Libertymustbetemperedwith considerationfortheinterestsof others,ThisisbasicallyaChristiandoctrineandgoestothewall astheteachingofChristianityis neglected.

"Youneedonlylookaroundyou forevidenceofthetruthofthis. Arealsense'ofresponsibilityis butrarelyfoundintheabsenceof anybasisoffaith.Soalsointhe matterofgeneralmoralvirtues. Thesearedifficulttoteachexcept onthebasisofsomeabsolutebelief,. MustReturntoReligion.

"Idonotseehowwearegoing torevivehighstandardswithout somereturntoreligiousbelief,but IquiteagreethattheChurchand Churchschoolshavegottofinda wayofputtingittopeoplewhich ismoreconvincingandseemsmore relevantthanmostofthemethods whichwehapituallyuse."

Mr.Darlingsaidthefreedomto educateone'schildrenasone wantedhadalwaysbeenoneofthe freedomsforwhichmenand womenhadmostearnestlyfought.

RandolphKnapp (W.A.O.A.)

T8EBROORD

FRANCO10YEARSINOFFICE, DEFINESHISGOVERNMENT'S AIMS.

Theten'aanniversaryofGeneral Fianco'sassumptionofofficewas celebratedwithgreatpatrioticfer. YourthroughoutSpain, Allofficialbuildings,embassies, andprivatehousesweredecorated andapublicholidaywasdeclared. InBurgos,hecelebrations.were exceptionallybrilliant,andFranco madetwospeechesonefromthe Captain-General'sofficeandanothertotheProvincialCouncils.

Intheformer,hesaid:"Ifyou analysethehistoryofourtimes, youwillnoticetheinteresttaken orwadaysinallMediterraneanpen. insulas.Communism'schieftar. gets'areTurkey,Greece,Italyand Spain.Theotherswerechosen aspossible'pointsd'appui,'and Spain,becausesheisasymbolof :heworld'sspiritualvalues.When Communismattacksusitisreally atackingthesecurityofWestern Europe;forus,thisiseverything forthemonlyabattle.

ToRestoreDemocracy.

Later,addressingtheProvincial Councils,Francosaid:"Itisthe aimofthepresentSpanishGovernment,inbringinglifeandstrength totheProvincialCouncils,torestoretothepeopleademocratic outlook-agovernmentbythepeopleforthepeople.Wewantthe i'rovincialCouncils:isbecomethe life-bloodofeachprovince'seconomy,activityandinterests,I wantcountyaffairstobesettled locally.TheState'staskistoen4-,,uragethemand,bylegislation,to helpthemstrengthentheirinstitu. Lions"-"WeeklyReview,"Lon. don,10/10/,16.

CARDINAL'SCALL,

"AsKeenastheCommunists," CardinalGriffinatarecentmeetingsaid:

"Itisessentialforprieststo havesympathywithworkers,but youcan'thavesympathyunlessyou haveunderstanding.

"TheI.C.W.isoneofthemost importantandvaluableapostolates co-dayandonethatfitsinsowell withmodernconditions,andwith theneedsofthepresentmoment.

"Yousee,wewantalltheseboys andgirlstobecomeapostlesfor Christ,andwewantthemtobe reallykeen,askeenontheChurch andonwhattheChurchteaches astheCommunistsareinspreadingtheirfalse,theirperniciousdoc. trine.

"Wemustinsistonthespiritual background,otherwisewemightas wellpackup."

OTES

NORTHIRELANDPREMIER REBUKEDFORREMARKS

AGAINSTCHURCH,

ChargesbroughtagainsttheCatholicChurchbythePremierof NorthernIrelandwererepudiated absolutelybyBishopNeilFarren,of Derry,ontheoccasionofblessing thenewpremisesacquiredbythe [JerryCatholicClubs,

ReferringtoaspeechbyPremier SirBasilBrooke,inwhichhehad chargedthatoneofthemainobstaclestoaunitedIrelandwasthe factthattheCatholicChurchin IrelandwastoagreatextentantiBritishandanti-Ulster,theBishop declared"Atthepresenttimeitis populartoattacktheCatholic Church.YouhaveseenitinHitlerandinStalin.Itspeaksbadly fortherulerofanycountrywhen ii hastocondemnthereligious bodywhichis,numerically,the strongestreligiousbodyinthearea everwhichhegoverns, ThePrimeMinister'sremarks, %%Weltweremadeduringadebate ontheunificationofIreland,immediatelydrewthefireof several speakersintheNorthernIreland Parliament.

SaidJ.McSparran:"Whatwould bethepositionoftheBritishEmpireinEuropeto-dayifitwerenot fortheCatholicChurchinBel. eium,Holland,Franceandother eountries?ButfortheCatholic Churchtherewouldbeonlyone powerinEuropeto-day."

DeclaredCahirHealy:"Doyou wantCatholicdignitariestoapproveyourdeclarationthatyou wouldnothaveasingleCatholic aboutyourplace.Doyouexpect themtoapproveoftheexclusion oftheirco-religionistsfromevery publicserviceintheSixCounties?'

PEACECONFERENCELEADINGTOWAR,DECLARES PRIEST.

"ThegreattragedyoftheParis PeaceConferencei'sthatitisnot leading:opeacebuttowar Everytimewegiveher(Russia) auinchshetakesayard. Bombingofeverykindmustbeutterlyandorallyforbiddenbyinternationallaw. ."

Thesewerethreepointsmadeby FatherOwenDudley,Superiorof theCatholicMissionarySociety antanotedpreacher,whenhe .pokcin;heHolyNameHallat Manchesterrecently.

ThetragedyofthePeaceConfereteeheascribedto"Russiaand theItusso-Slavblocwho,whatever lipservicetheymaygivetotheinternationalorder,intendworld dominationbyCommunism,evenif i,entailsathirdworldwarfor whichRussiaherselfisnotyet ready."

Addingthathewasonlyoffering hisownopinionFatherDudley said:"TheonlyanswertothispossibleRussianCommunisticworld dominationistheestablishmentof aninternationalarmy.Russia willunderstandnothingelse.It hasbeenavitalmistaketotryand keepinwithRussiabyappease. ment.

"Iamnotadvocatingaformal breakwithRussia,butthatmay havetocome.ItwillbesufficientifGreatBritain,America,and theothernationsthatarewithus, some40inall,gostraightahead withtheestablishmentofaninternstional,trelyau,1leaveRussiato followornot.

"Thatmaypossiblyleadtoa crisis.butsoareourpresentmethodsleadingtoacrisis.

"Weareupagainstsomethingin atheisticRussiawhichcanneither beopposedbywordsnordealtwith byagreement,Itisthemaliceand hatredofSatanism" Onbombing:"Asforabominationslikeatomicwar,bacterialwar, poisongas,orthelatestkindof

PrintedandPublishedbriKeith

puppetGovernmentsofPoland, YugoslaviaandtheBalkanStates, sothatthepeopleofBritainmay beabletojudgeforthemselvesthe natureofthethreatwhichmenaces EcropeanditsChristianinstituion."

ASHAMEDSHEWASENGLISH, NUN'SSTATEMENTAFTER VISITTOGERMANY,

theircanteensisburntratherthan itshouldbegiventotheGermans. Themilitarypersonnelandother officialvisitorsgetthebestof everythingandcanreturnandsay theyseenosignsofstarvatioc Letthemliveamongthepeoplefor aweekaidtheywillhaveadifferenttaletorelate,

AmericansHated,

FATHEROWENDUDLEY.

war,whichiscosmicraywar,I canonlysaysoferasIcaniudee fromtheknowledgeofmonotheology,thatallsuchmethodsare intrinsicallyevilinthemselvesand thereforemorallyunjustifiable," ReferringtotheHierarchy's10 pointsonsocialorder,hesaid:

"Iwouldliketosticktheseten pointsonebyonesharplyinto everyCatholicinEnglandandespeciallyintoeveryCatholicMemberofParliament.

"Withtheexceptionofmenlike DickStokes,,ChristopherHollis andoneortwoothers,I really sornetaneswonderwhetherourCatholicMembersofParliamentare %crymuchgoodtous."

"THEKREMLINANDTHE VATICANAREATWARTO THEDEATH"

Threethousandmenandwomen fromallpartsoftheGlasgowArch. dioceseattendedameetinginGlasgowtoprotestagainstthetrialand imprisonmentofArchbishopStepi. nac.

ArchbishopCampbellpresided,at. tendedbyalargegatheringof elergy.Thechiefspeakerwasthe Rev,Dr.JohnHeenan,D.D.,who beganbytellingtheaudience"The KremlinandtheVaticanareat war itcanonlyendwiththe unconditionalsurrenderofoneor otherside," Hewentontowarnthosewho aredeceivedbyCommunistpropaganda,"Itellthesesimplepeople thatbysupportingCommunismin anyshapeordisguisetheymerely makerodsfortheirownbacks,and perhapsdiggravesfortheirown bodies,

"ThepersecutioninYugoslaviais onlyanexampleofwhatishappeningwhereverCommunismisin power.Idonotexaggeratewhen IsaythattheChurchofGodis facingtheprospectofthegreatest persecutionofmoderntimes.

"Ifyouhaveanydoubtinyour mindsthatthestruggleforthe soulsofmenisbeingfoughtout betweentheChurchandCommunism,Icanassureyouthatthereis nodoubtinthemindsofthosewho i-uletheCommunistInternational.

"NationalSocialismofStalin."

"ItissickeningtoreadthespeechesofleadingCommunistswhen theytalkofdemocracyandfreedom-lovingpeople. Everybody knows,oroughttoknow,that Communismisneitherdemocratic norfreedom-loving.Itisdespotic anddictatorial.Itrequiresaclevererbrainthanminetoperceive thedifferencesbetweenthenational socialismofHitlerandthenational socialismofStalin.TheRussian DictatorhastheWesternWorld preciselywhereHitherhaditten yearsago

"Thetimeforsoftwordshas passed.Weknowtheevilthing weareattacking.Wetrustnot inourownvirtueorstrengthbut inthegraceofGod.InHisname lettheCatholicChurch,hereand throughouttheworld,fighttopreservelibertyandawayoflife whichisgoodbecauseitisChristian."

Themeetingresolvedtocallupon theGovernmenttotry"toobtain thereleaseofArchbishopStepinac fromtheprisontowhichbehas beencondemnedbyafanaticalantiChristiantyrannyandtoallowthe fulltruthtobepublishedonthe

ConditionsinGermanyforthe ordinaryfolkareterrible,The U.N.R.RA.,theArmyofOccupationandtheCivilMilitaryGovernment,arehavingagreattime-plentyoffoodandcarstochase alloverthecountry-buttheGermans,thousandsofthemasinnocentasyouandme,aresuffering inthemosttragicway,saidthis EnglishNun, Materiallytheyhavenothingnofood,noclothing,manyofthem withouthomesandlivingcrowded inbasements.Theworstisthe depressionandhopelessoutlook forthefuture;justslavesintheir owncountry,withouthopeofbetterconditions.

Youshouldseewhattheyeatand youshouldseehowtheytravel whentheyhavetotravel.Our cattlearetreatedbetter,They areherdedtogetherIntrucks-and attheheadofthetrainare2nd, classemptycoachesreservedfor theuseoftheAmericana, Therearesuicideseverydayand liepriestsarepowerlesstohelp. Ihaveheardgruesomestoriesand mosttragicones,andIhaveseen starvingmenandwomenandlittle childrenwhoseeyesarejuststaringoutoftheirheads.Itispitifulandyetthereseemsnothing onecando.

FoodisBurned, TheworstistoseetheAmericansloungingaboutortearing roundintheirjeeps,andtoknow thatthefoodthatisoverfrom

Isawonelotgettingtheirbreakfase-greatbucketsofcoldcoffee, socalled-andcoldsoup!Itnearly brokemyheart, Ihavenever seenorheardsomuchsufferingbefore,anditisstillhurting.How themenattheheadofaffairscan letsuchthingsgoon,Ifailtounderstand.Itistoodreadful.God helpthemall,thatisallIcansay, IfeltashamedtosayIwasEnglish-itwouldhavekilledmehad IbeenAmerican.TheAmericans arehated-perhapsintheBritish Zone,theBritisharehated-Ido netknow;butIshouldhateto thinkthattheBritisharebehaving liketheAmericans.

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