The Record Newspaper 30 October 1946

CanCatholicsConscientiouslySupport TheologiansResolveDoubts Aboutthe"SocialisationObjective"

Inviewofthecontroversyarisingfromthechargefirstmadein aMelbournejournalthatCatholicscannotsincerelysubscribeto thepolicyandobjectivesofthe A.L.P.,amoredetailedexaminetonoftherelationshipbetween LabourandSocialismmaybeinterestingtoallpolitically-minded readers.

Theshortanswerhasalready beengiven.Thelonganswer,involvingcarefulconsiderationof everytheoreticalandpracticalaspectofLabourpolicyinthelight ofPapalteachingontherights anddutiesofthepersonandof theStatemustbesoughtinthe mariouspronounceinentswhich havebeenmadeonthisquestion fromtimetotimebytheAustralianHierarchy.

Thefirstoftheseappearedin 1905. CardnalMoran,whosupportedthenewLabourParty,was accusedbyitspoliticalopponents ofignoringPopeLeo condemnationofSocialism.Thewhole questionwasdiscussedattheSecondPlenaryCounciloftheHierarchyofAustraliainSeptember, 1905,andaJointPastoralLetter wasissuedbytheCardinal-Legate andtheBishops,containingthe followingpassages:

Thename"Socialism"hasof latebeeninfrequentuseinAustralia,especiallyonpoliticalplatforms,where,accordingtothepurposesofthedifferentparties,it hasbeenmadetomeanthings verywidelyapart.Thus,some bySocialismunderstandthedoctrinesandsystemsofthosewouldbereformersofsocialevils (whose)programmeofactionis thesimpleoneofoverturningthe presentorderofsociety.Theirobiectindoingsowouldbetoarrangewhattheywouldconsidera moreequitabledistributonof worldlypossessions. inthe otherhand,thereareire:,amongstuswhoregardSocialismas thenameoftheeconomicprinciplesbywhichthoseareinfluenced andguidedwhoseektoredress thewrongsandtoalleviatethe miseriesofthelabouringpoor. (Viz.,theprincipleslaiddownin theEncyclical"RerumNovarurn").

ancewiththeprinciplesofChristianmorality.

AtthistimetheLabourParty's official''Socialisation"objective was"thesecuringofthefullresultsoftheirindustrytoallproducersbythecollectiveownershipofmonopoliesandtheextensionofthe'industrialandeconomicfunctionsoftheStateati municipality."

ImportantAddition.

In1921theFederalConference oftheLabourPartychangedthe partyobjectiveto"TheSocialisationofindustry,production,distributionandexchange."although onthefollowingday,theConferencecarriedanexplanatoryresolutionwhichread."Whereprivate propertyisfunctioninginasociallyusefulwayitisnottobeabolished."(ItisinterestingtocornparethiswiththeofficialdeclarationofpolicymadebytheBritish LabourPartyinApril.1945: "Therearebasicindustriesripeand over-ripeforpublicownershipand managementinthedirectservice ofthenation.Therearemany smallerbusinesseswhichcanhe lifttogoonwiththeiruseful work.")

Dr.SheehanExplains.

In1929.FederalLabourwasreturnedtopowerforthefirsttime sincethewar,andthequestion ofhowfarthenew"Red"objective,"asitwascalled,couldbe reconciledwithCatholicprinciples becameparamountintheminds ofmanyCatholicLaboursupporters.Thequestionwastakenup bythethenCoadjutor-Archbishop ofSydney.theMostRev.Michael Sheehan.Inalecturedelivered totheCatholicEvidenceGuild andsubsequentlypublishedunder thetitleof"TheCatholicChurch andtheIndustrialProblems" (C.E.G.,Sydney,1930).helisted theformsofSocialismcondemned bytheChurch,andofferedthefollowingcomment:

againstthepeacefulacquisition bytheStateofcertainindustriesandservices.Whileshehas spokenagainstthesocialisationof oiltheindustriesandservicesof acountry,asunworkable,and, therefore,asopposedtothegeneralwelfare,shehasneverdealt explicitlywitharestrictedsociali sation. Still,Ishouldadd thequalificationthat,inherview, humannaturebeingsuchasitis,

LABOUR

Record,"Rev.WilliamKeane,S.J., expressedhisviewthatprovided theBishopsdidnotdecideotherwise,itwouldbe"safe,inpractice.foraCatholic.asfaras moralsgd,tofollowsucheconomicleadingascomestohim fromanypoliticalbodywhichis notprofessedlyCommunistic." ThisviewwasendorsedbyArchbishopSheehan.whowroteinthe sameissue:

"OurAustralianLabourParty. sofar,hasnotmadethecomplete socialisationoftheStateanelectionissue.IthasgivenanacaJemicadherencetoeconomicSocialism,butthepolicieswhichup tothepresent,ithasputbefore theelectorshavedealtmerely withproposalsforhumanitarian legislationandgovernmentcontrolofcertainservices,andare, therefore.notopposedtoCatholic principles."

AuthoritativeReply. However,Catholicswerestill worried,andrequestedstillmore definitedirection.Thefollowing questionwassubmittedtoArchbishopSheehan:

evilshavebeeneloquentlyset forthybyHisHolinessthePope, Myreplytothefirstquestion would,therefore,beasfollows:It wouldbewrongforaCatholicto supportMaterialSocialismasa justandabidingsettlementof economicills.Butletusaddcertainconditions,framingthequestionasfollows:Woulditbewrong foraCatholictovoteforsucha scheme?

1.Ifhefoundthat,intheactualpoliticalsituation,theonly alternativewastovoteforuncontrolledCapitalismwhich,let ussuppose,hebelievestobea greatermenacetohismaterial well-being;

2.Ifhewerecertainthatdispossessedownerswouldbejustly compensated;and

OfSocialism,takeninthis sense,itiswellknownthatthe PapalEncyclicaljustcitedisthe mostluminousandauthoritative expositioninexistence. MakingthisdistinctionofthedifferentkindsofSocialism,itneednot bestatedwhichofthemwillbe promotedbytheCatholicChurch inAustralia. Weconcludethis subjectwiththeremarkthatasto allsuchschemesashavefortheir objectthesettlementofthepeopleonthelandandtheameliorationofthesocialconditionsofthe labouringclasses,andastothe Statemonopolyofpublicconveniences,viewingthemasfarasthey maybeattainedconsistentlywith existingrights,whateverbetheir economicefficiency,wedonotregardthemasnecessarilyatvari-

"Ithinkitshouldbeevidentto anyCatholicworkerthatthereis nothingintheteachingorattitudeoftheChurchtowhichhe couldtakeexception.Heissometimesmisledbyhearingthatthe ChurchcondemnsSocialism:hut theSocialismwhichshecondemns isSocialismmixedupwitherrors philosophicalandreligious,not theSocialismwhichispurelyphilanthropicandhumanitarian, "Catholicwritersendeavourto confinetheword'Socialism'to theextremetype,butitistwinto contendagainstusage.Usage hasgiventhetermaverywide meaning,sothatitisapplicable tomildandharmlesspoliciesas wellastoBolshevism.Without anystrainonhisreligiousprinciples.theCatholicworkerinAustraliamaysafelycontinuehis strugglefortheimprovementof hiscondition,andfortheremoval oftheeconomicevilsinthe State. "TheChurch,asfarasTam aware,hasneversaidaword

theStatewillactwiselyif,instead ofacquiringtheproprietorshipof businessenterprises,itendeavours rathertoincreasetotheutmost thenumberofprivateowners.It isallaquestionofprudence; localcircumstancesmayfavour nationalisationinparticularcases. ButIbelievethatexperiencewill establishthetruththatthepublic interestwillbebestservedbythe State'srestrictingitsactivityto supervisionandalimitedcontrol ofindustrialconcerns. "(ComparethiswiththePope'srecent statementonnationalisation.)

Jesuit'sViews.

OnMay15ofthefollowingyear PopePiusXI.publishedtheEncyclical"QuadragesimoAnno,"in whichheexplicitlystatedthat "whetherSocialismbeconsidered asadoctrineorasahistorical factorasamovement,ifitreally remainsSocialismitcannotbe broughtintoharmonywiththe dogmasoftheCatholicChurch noonecanbeatthesame timeasincereCatholicandatrue Socialist."

Again,AustralianCatholicstook alarm."Thesocialisationofindustry,production,distribution andexchange,"sorecentlyclassifiedasamere"radish"objective -nolongerredwhenitisscraped -washastilybroughtoutfor freshinspection.Again,ecclesiasticalopinionpronouncedita radish..

IntheJanuary1932issueof "TheAustralasianEcclesiastical

"Question:Isitagravesinfor aCatholictosupporteventhat schemeofSocialismwhichwould maketheStatetheownerofall wealth-producingcapital,which wouldguaranteefreedomofworshipandtheimmunityofChurch propertyfromconfiscation,and which,keepingstrictlytopracticaleconomicmeasures.would professnoincorrectprinciplesin moralsorethics?"

Dr.Sheehan'sreply(A.C.R., Vol.IX.,No,2:April,1932)was givenwithfullsubmissionto higherauthority,and,unlessitis expresslyrevokedbytheChurch inviewofchangedcircumstances, imaybeacceptedasanauthoritativeexpressionofherpresentattitudetoallsuchiquestions.The replywasasfollows:

"Toavoidtheendlessrepetition ofprovisosandqualifyingclauses, letususetheterm'MaterialSocialism'todenotethedisinfected ornegativekindofSocialismreferredto.ItisaSocialismwhich hasnoquarrelwithreligionor philosophy;itdoesnotclaimto beanidealorpermanentsystem; itmerelyputsitselfforwardas thebestpracticalmethodofhelpingtheState,inthespecialcircumstancesofthesetimes,toarriveatahigherdegreeofgeneral contentmentandprosperity.Ifit professeditswillingnesstocompensateowners,thedifficulties thatcanbeurgedagainstit wouldbenotablyless.. NeverthelessMaterialSocialismisanoffenceagainsthumanliberty.It wouldleadtobureaucratictyrannyorgeneralimpoverishment;it wouldgiveuseitheraStateof paupersoraStateof,perhaps, moderatelyprosperousslaves.It isbecauseoftheseinevitableconsequencesthattheChurchobjects eventoMaterialSocialism. Herattitudetowardsuncontrolled Capitalismisequallyclear.Its

3.If,byabstainingfromvoting, heandhisfellow-Catholicswould certainlyplacethevictoryinthe handsofuncontrolledCapitalism' "Icannotanswerwithconfidence,butIaminclinedtosayit wouldnotbewrong,particularly ifwecanaddafourthcondition -viz.,thatthevoterregardsMaterialSocialismasamerepassing expedient,whichthedemandsof humannaturewouldnecessarily transformintoanunobjectionable system.

"Isthesecondconditionessential?Yes,butinthesedaysof cartelsandmonopolies.acasecan heeasilyconceivedinwhich'just compensation'wouldfallveryfar belowthevalueoftheproperty takenoverbytheState.Iwould evenventuretosaythatinsome instancesnocompensationwhateverneedbegiven;rather,that restitutionforalongseriesofiniquitiousdealingswiththepublic couldbedemanded.

",(Nevertheless),itseemsobviousthat,inourcountry,theinterestsofworkerswillbebestserved byapolicywhichwouldaimata cautiousandcarefullycontrived controlofCapitalismonthelines suggestedbyHisHolinessthe Pope."

Thisthen,isthe"longanswer" tothequestion,"CanaCatholic VoteLabour?"Itshouldbe plaintoallbutthosewhoare anxioustobemoreCatholicthan theAustralianHierarchythat,so far'asmoralsgo.hecan.The questionofhowheoughttovote isentirelyhisownaffair,andon thistheChurchhasnothingto say.

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98

Sworn

'LastyearPopePiusX11.sent apersonalrepresentative,theAuxiliaryBishopofWestminster, MostRev.DavidMatthew.toinvestigatethestateofCatholicism inEthiopia'andtheNearEast, andtosecurethemaximumfreedomforCatholicactivitiesin thoseareas.Thatthetourwas successfulinpartatleastcanbe judgedbythefactthat,shortly afterwards,theEmperor,HaileSelassie,madearequestfortheservicesofseveralJesuitFathersfor theorganisationofhisprimary educationsystem.

NowtheItalianpressreports thattheEmperorisplanningto sendamissiontoRometoestablishdiplomaticrelationswiththe HolySee,amovewhichmay pavethewayforagreaterinflux ofCatholicmissionariestoEthics pia.

PastHistory.

Tounderstandcurrenthappeningsinthisancientland,itis welltoreviewitspastmissionhistorybriefly.Itdoesnotseem thatChristianity.whichwas broughttoEthiopiainthefourth centurybySt.Frumentius.ever penetratedverydeeplyintothe massesofthatcountry.Inits infancytheChurchfellintoheresy:to-daynearlyallofthe7,000,000"Catholics"areschismatic ChristiansoftheOrthodoxCopticChurch.

Thereareonlyabout20,000CatholicsunderPropagandainAbyssiniato-day,withanequalnumberofCopticRiteRomanCatholics,whoArenottobeconfused withtheschismaticCoptsmentionedabove.In1939PopePius XI.veryprovidentiallyprovided themembersoftheEasternRite withaBishopoftheirown,andit ishewhocarriesontheworkof theChurchthere,withthehelp ofanativeclergyofsomeseventy priests.

Thegreatestblowtomission workinAbyssiniacamewiththe Italian-Ethiopianwarin1933.At thattimeFrenchn;iissionaries werereplacedbyItalians,who eventuallywereevictedbythe Emperor.HaileSelassie'smove towardunionwithRome,therefore,isadefinitesteptowardthe rejuvenationofmissionworkina countrywhereignorancerather thanbigotrypreventsthepeOple fromembracingthetruththatis offeredbytheChurchofChrist.

MUSSOLINI'SBODYSTORY,

Describedas"Invention."

ThestorypublishedintheMelbournepressonAugust13-14that Mussolini'sbodywasdiscovered inamonasteryatPaviafollowing upontherevelationbyapriest who"hadbeenreleasedfroma pledgeofconfessionalsecrecypermittinghimtorevealitswhereabouts,"isdescribedbyVatican circlesas"aninvention,"accordingtoareportintheLosAngeles "Tidings"ofAugust23. Ina messagefromVaticanCitythe "Tidings"states:

Vaticancirclesregardas"aninvention"thereportthataFather AlbertoofSant'AngeloDeiMinoriMonasteryatPaviaknewthe hidingplaceofMussolini'sbody througpinformationimpartedto himintheconfessional,andthat hehadreceivedpermissionofthe penitenttousesuchinformation.

"Theyaretruemartyrs.For thishistoricalperiod,although painfulbecauseofsomuchdevastationanddeath,isagloriousone becauseofthemartyrdomsinthe variousdioceses,"saidtheHoly Fathergazingattheportraitsof priestsassassinatedduringthe SpanishCivilWar. Itis.noteworthythatwhilethe majorworldpowershavebeen arraigningthepresentSpanishregime,'thusthreateningasecond civilwar,attentionshouldbe drawnonthemartyrsofthelast one.

CardinalPla,theSpanishPrimate,quotestheabove-mentioned wordsofthePopeinapastoral letterdescribinghisvisittoRome fortheConsistory.

Theportraitsofthemartyrs wereinthefirstvolumeofthe HistoryofReligiousPersecution intheArchdioceseofToledo, whichhisEminencepresentedto theHolyFather.HisHoliness toldtheCardinalthateverySpanishdioceseshouldpublish"similarhistoricalrecordsofpersecutions."

SlainWithoutTrialforBeliefs.

CommentingontheHoly Father'swords,CardinalPlasays:

"Whatcomfortingwordsforallof uswho,bothduringthepersecutionandafter,havewrittenor spokenemphjsisingthestatusas martyrsofthepriests,monks, andnuns,andevenlaypersons whoweresacrificedoutofhatred fortheirbeliefs,mostlywithout theslightestsemblanceofatrial.

"Atatimewhenevencertain foreignCatholicsdonotunderstandthereligiousconditionsof ourSpain,howcomfortingitwas forustoobservetheunderstandingandappreciationofChrist's Vicar.

"Howintensewashislovefor Spain,forwhom,afewdaysafter, hegaveassurances-inreplyingto theSpanishAmbassadortothe Vatican-thatthe Almighty wouldguardherinthefutureand leadherontoastraightpathwaytotheprogressivedevelopmentofherinternalwelfareand toefficientco-operationintheurgentcommonneedsofpeaceand humanity."

ASSUMPTIONorBLAHS= VIRGINMAYBEDIPINID SOON.

Pope'sRequesttoBishops.

TheVaticanhasconfirmedthat HisHolinessPopePiusXII.has requestedtheBishopsofthe worldtoreporttheirattitudeand thatoftheclergyandlaityin theirjurisdictionstowardsapossibledefinitionoftheAssumption oftheBlessedVirginMaryasa dogmaoftheChurchatthistime, saystheLosAngeles"Tidings."

TheN.C.W.C.NewsServicehas ascertainedthatitwasnearthe firstofMaywhenlettersrequestingsuchreportsweredispatched, Mattersofthiskindarenotcustomarilyannotmcedwhenthey transpire,butVaticanconfirmationwasgivenonthisoccasion.

ThedoctrineoftheAssumption oftheBlessedVirginMarywas classifiedbyPopeBenedictXIV inthemiddleofthe18th.centuryas"aprobableopinion,the denialofwhichtwouldbeimpious andblesphemous."TheAssumptionhasbeenthesubjectofexplicitbeliefamongCatholicsfor atleast1,500years,beingstated attheCouncilofChalcedonin 4MbySt.JuvenalofJerusalem. Itisnetknowndefinitelywhere theBlessedMotherdied:most authoritiessayJerusalem,but somemaintainshediedatEphesus.

GERMANY'SCOMMUNISTS

CenerallosephT.McNarnevexpressedscarsinanofficialoccupationreporttoWashingtonthat Germany'sCommunistswouldresorttorevolutiontodestroythe capitalisticsystem.

"Theultimateobjectiveofthe CommunistPartyisestablishmentofasocialiststatewitha classlesssocietyfollowingdestructionofthecapitalistsystemand theCommunistprogrammecontainsthethreattoresorttorevoluttionarymeans,"McNerney, MilitaryGovernoroftheAmericanZone,toldtheWarDepartmentinhisreport-forJuneonthe occupation.

Itwasthegloomiestreportsince theoccupationstarted.

OrganisedGangs.

HerevealedthatorganisedGermangangshadrisenintheAmericanOccupationZoneofGermany,alreadyconfrontedbycriticaleconomicproblemsandadesperatefoodshortage.

Notonlyhaveorganisedgangs ofGermansbeguntospringup, McNerneysaid;prisonsinthe AmericanZonehavebecomeseriouslyovercrowded.

HeadmittedthattheUnited States,Russia,BritainandFrance hadmade"littleprogress"toward solvinglong-rangeproblemsof theGermaneconomy.

And,hesaid,thereappearedto belittlechanceofanearlybreak inthefour-powerimpasseover economicunificationofthefour occupationzones.

MajorObstacle.

"Germanyisstillnotbeing treatedasaneconomicunitand barrierstointerzonaltradecontinuetobethemajorobstacleto theachievementofanticipated post-warproductionlevels,"hereported.

HisreportforJune,datedJuly X,andevensobelated,included afewnotesofencouragement. Therewasageneral,thoughnot great,increaseinindustrialproductioninthe--1mericanZone The'mostimportantincreasewas incoalproductionintheAmericanZone,andtherewassomeincreaseinanthraciteproductionin theRuhr.Therewerenosignificantoutbreaksofdisease,despite theepidemicpotentialamongGermansarrivingintheAmerican Zonefromareasinthewest. wheretheyhadbeenexpelled.

Thestoryalsosaidthat,in viewofthesefacts,thepriesthad offeredtorevealtotheItalian policethehidingplaceofMussolini'sstolenbody.

NothingisknownattheVaticanregardingthisreport,itwas said.

LastDogmain1870. Shoulditbedeemedproperby theHolyFathertomakeaproclamation,onthebasisofvarious considerations,itwouldbecome anarticleoffaithtoacceptthe dogmathattheBlessedMother's bodywastakenupintoheaven atherdeath.

Sofarthereisnoinformation athandastothecontentofany replieswhichmighthavebeenreceivedthusfar,andthereislikewisenoindicationastowhenany proclamation,ifitwereeventually issued,mightbeexpected.

WhyLeoXIIIDeclared

AnglicanOrdersNull andVoid

MaterialisticScienceBearsMarksofSatanism

FramersofD,athOutsidethe MoralCode

WhenProfessorRitchie,aChristianphilosopheraswellasa scientnst,summedupintheChallengeofOurTimeseries,he bluntlyassertedthatSatanismisthecentralproblem;andheaccusedthematerialistmanofscienceofexactlythesinofspiritual pridewhichwasthedestructionoftheangelicLucifer,writesAndrewForbesinthe"CatholicTimes'(London).ProfessorRitchie wouldnotexpecttheseprobationalmaterialiststoshowhumility atthemeresuggestionthattheyareduffedwithpride.Hecould safelycountuponsnortsofcontemptathisownsuperstitiouscredulity.YetIimaginethatoverthegreaterpartoftheworld thereisabelief,inoneformoranother,thattheDevilhasbeenlet loose,thatscientificdevicesperfectedbymenwithoutmoralsare drivingthehumanraoetodestruction,andthatthescientistsonce hailedasapostlesofprogress,havebecomeapublicmenace.

Thesearedayswhenanentirely freeandsecretvoteisexpected tosolveallhumanproblems,despiteTaine'sprofoundremarka centuryagothattenmillionignorancesdonotmakeupone knowledge.Butthecommon senseofthemassofmankindis tobetrusted.

Whocandoubtthatifthere weresuchafreeandsecretvote acrosstheworldontheissue whetherthecompetitionofscientistsindevicesforwholesaledestructionshouldbestopped,there would,beanoverwhelmingdecisionagainstthislatestandmost irresponsibleofallanonymous tyrannies?

Herearedevelopmentswhich affecteveryoneonearthand, quitesimply,nobodywelcomes them,unlessperhapsahandfulof clevermen,supposedlyinpur-

DefectsofFormandIntentionin theEdwardineOrdinal

Afteralonginvestigationinto thehistoryoftheOrdersconferredontheministersoftheEstablishedChurchofEngland,Pope LeoXIII.issuedtheBull"AposTolicaeCurse"onSeptember13, 2896.Thisofficialdecisionended.asfarasCatholicsarecon. cerned,thecontroversyoverthe validityofHolyOrdersreceived accordingtotheAnglicanOrdinal.

Thatdecisioniscondensedinthe lowingwords:

"Wherefore,strictlyadheringin thismattertothedecreeofthe Pontiffs,OurPredecessors,and confirmingthemmostfully,and, asitwere,renewingthembyOur authority,ofOurownmotion, andwithcertainknowledge.We pronounceanddeclarethatordinationscarriedoutaccordingto theAnglicanriteshavebeenand arcabsolutelyinvalid,andhence totallynull."

PopeLeodidnotdeclarethat noAnglicanpriestsandbishops everhadorcanhavevalidOrders.Intheearlieryearsofthe breakwithRome,nodoubtmany ormostoftheministersofthe AnglicanChurchhadvalidOrders.Againtherehavebeen casesofAnglicanswhohave benvalidlyordainedpriestsand evenvalidlyconsecratedbishops byschismaticandhereticalbishops.ThedecisionofPopeLeo referstothosewhohavereceived OrdersaccordingtotheriteprescribedintheAnglicanOrdinals.

Thereasonsonwhichthedecisi,nofthe"ApostolicaeCurae" isLasedareincludedunderthree headsasfollows:(1)thedecrees ofprecedingpopes,especiallyJuliusIII,PaulIV,andClement XI:(2)thedefer:ofform:(3) thedefectofintentioninAnglicanordinations.

AlltheRomanPontiffsprevioustoLeoXIIIwhodealtwith thequestionalwaysregardedthe ordinationsconferredaccording totheAnglicanOrdinalsasnull andvoid.Whentherewasa caseofaclergymanwithAnglicanOrderswhowishedtobea priestintheCatholicChurch afterhisconversiontothesame, hewasalwaysordainedagain. SinceHolyOrderscanneverbe repeated,oncetheyhavebeen validlyreceived,thisprocedure clearlydemonstratedthemindof theChurchregardingAnglican Orders.

ThedefectofformisalsoevidentfromtheEdwardineOrdinal of1550and1552.whichwasdeliberatelysubstitutedfortheRomanPontificalaccordingtowhich HolyOrdershadbeenconferred inEnglandforcenturies.Inthe formofOrderscontainedinthe EdwardineOrdinalthereisnodefinitereferencetotheOrderof Priesthoodortoitsnatureand powers.Thiswasnotmerelyan omission,butadeliberateexclusionwhichreflectedtherepudiationofthetraditionalteachingon thenatureandpowersofthe priesthoodonthepartofthenew ecclesiasticalandcivilauthorities, Thisdefectwastosomeextent remediedintherevisedOrdinalof 1662,butformorethanacentury Ordershadbeenconferredaccordingtoadefectiveform,and henceLeoXIII.couldtrulysay: "thetrueSacramentofOrders asinstitutedbyChristlapsed, andwithitthehierarchicalsuccession."

ThethirdreasonfortherejectionofthevalidityofAnglican Ordersisbasedonthedefectof intention.Itistruethatthe Churchdoesnotjudgeofintentions,aslongastheyremain whollyinternal.Shetruststo theprovidenceofGodtosafeguardthevalidityoftheSacrascentsinthisconnection."The Churchdoesnotjudgeaboutthe mindandintentioninsofarasit issomethingbyitsnatureinternal,butinsofarasitismanifestedexternallysheisboundtojudge concerningthem"("Apostolicae Curae").Whendiscussingthe validityofAnglicanOrders,itis notaquestionofthepersonalintentionofthisorthatbishopbut theintentionasrevealedbythe introductionofadistinctlynew formofordination.Thealterationoftheformsoastodeleteall wordswhichcouldbetakendefinitelytostatetheintentionof thebishoptoconferOrdersinthe Catholicsensewasbutareflectionoftheteachingsandactions ofCranmerandhisassociateswho wereresponsibleforthechanges.

ThemindofCranmeronthe natureofthepriesthoodisclearlysetforthinhisstatement: "Christmadenosuchdifference betweenthepriestandthelaymanthatthepriestshouldmake oblationandsacrificeforthelayman. Thedifferencethatis betweenthepriestandthelay-

maninthismatterisonlyinthe ministration."Ifwordsmeananything,thisideaisclearlyrevealed intheformprescribedbytheEdwardineOrdinalwithitsdeliberateomissionofeventheremotest referencetotheessentialworkof apriest,namely,theofferingof theEucharisticSacrifice.Thisis furtherconfirmedbythedeclarationoftheThirty-NineArticles that"SacrificesofMasses wereblasphemousfablesanddangerousdeceits,"andthat"transubstantiationisrepugnanttothe plainwordsofScripture."These andmanyotherfactswhichwe cannottouchonheresupplysuffi(lentevidencethatadefectiveintentionwasunitedwithadefectiveforminordinationsconferred accordingtotheEdwardineOrdinal. -

In1622theAnglicanbishops, anxiousastothevalidityoftheir OrdersasconferredbytheEdwardineOrdinal,changeditby addingtotheformwhattheyrealisedhadbeendeliberatelyomitted,namely,wordswhichshould refertothecharacterorfunctions ofpriesthood.Hence,afterthe words,"ReceivetheHolyGhost,wereaddedthefollowing:"forthe officeandworkofapriestinthe ChurchofGodnowcommittedto theebytheimpositionofour hands."Thisformmaybevalid, a;faraswordsareconcerned,but thisonlymeansthattheyarecapableofaCatholicinterpretation byonewhowillstofindit.It cannotbeoverlooked,assomany Anglicanbishopshaveshown,that itisequallycapableofaninterpretationwhichisdiametrically opposedtotheCatholicteaching onHolyOrders.Whatismeant bythe"officeandworkofapriest intheChurchofGod?"The answeroftheindividualAnglican clergymanorlaymanwilldepend onhishigh,broad,orlowchurch affiliationswithinthebodyoiAnglicanism.

EvenwerethepresentformsusceptibleofaCatholicinterpretation,itwouldnotalterthefacts, becauseforalmosticenturyprior totheadoptionofthepresent form,theformusedwascertainly defective.Theresultisthatwhen thenewformcameintouse.there werenobishopstotransmitOrders,evensupposingthattheoriginalAnglicanbishopshadhad them.

suitofpureknowledge,pas,on.; thefruitsoftheirresearchto groupsofpoliticianswhoareeither wickedorfrightened.Butthe, scientistsdisclaimanymoralresponsibilityinthematter.

Perhapsoneexplanationisthat wearesoinconsistentinourexpectationsofmoralbehaviour.A pointwhichpuzzledmethroughoutthewarwasthatweexpected ordinarymenandwomeninthe occupiedcountriestoriskdeath ratherthancompromisewithevil: andverymanyofthemdid.

Poles,BelgiansandNorwegians didnotimaginethattheycould coldlycalculatetheirownself-interest(whichmusthavevividly presenteditselfunderthegunsof theGestapo)andexcusesurrenderasapolicyofrealism.

Weneverconsideredsucha coursein1940,andwewerevery angrywithPetain,whodid.Yet inaveryshorttimethemost blatantimmoralitiesofhighpoliticswerebeingcondonedasrealistic.Statesmenadoptedcompromisewithknownevilasavery principleofnegotiation,andin allthecontroversynobodyever suggestedthattheyshouldbe underthesamemoralcodeasthe membersoftheunderground.Evidentlyourmoralswerenotacode butamood. Itisequallyclearthatatleast thematerialistscientistsarenot, anyacceptedsense,patternsof moralbehaviour,foralltheir knowledgeandtheirskill. Wearenotlikelytofindin themtheaddictiontoprinciples ofreligion,patriotismandhonour whichglorifiedtheconcentration camps.TheWesternworldwas shockedtodiscoverthatthescientistsofatomicresearchincludeda,numberwhowerereadyto absolvethemselvesfromallconsiderationsofsecurityorsecrecy andtobetraytheirknowledge throughthelowestchannelsofespionage.Theyincludedonewho acceptedforhisbetrayalacash consideration.

periment,withonlyoneshredof sataniccunninginit;thatthere isnogloryindestructionby atomicbombs,astherewasno gloryintheprotractedimmola,tionofWarsaw. Ofcourseitshouldbeanaxiom amongmaterialistslandnodoubt itis)thatideasthemselvesare explosive.OfthisKarlMarx maybecalledinwitness,together withSt.Paul.Andifthematerialistscientistswerenotinsuch ahurryIwouldadvisethemto tryanotherlineofapproach.

TheteachingsofChristianity havealteredthefaceoftheworld withouteverproducingsuchdevastatingresultsaswesawat HiroshimaandNagasaki.They haveproducedinmultitudessuch comforting,unexceptionaltypes asSt.FrancisorSt.Thomas More.Ifourscientistsareaverse tothediscomfortsofsuper-war, whyshouldtheynottrytheexperimentofpalmingoffonaspy inalowcafeinsteadofanatomic formula,letussay,acopyof Thomasa'Kempis,orthelatest editionofthePennycatechism.

Letthembeassuredthathereare trulydangerousdocuments:why, otherwise,shouldtheThirdInternationalexpendsuchfierceenergy inuprootingeverythingtheyrepresent?

Weknowverywellthatthematerialistscientistswouldrecoilin discomfortandderisionfromany suggestiontoattempttheirtransformationbymeansofChristian principles,whichdid,afterall, overcenturies,effectaveryremarkablerevolutionoftheold paganworld.Buttheyareurgentandunrestrainedintheirdesiretospreadatonceaknowledgeofthemanufactureof atomicbombs.Ifanydull Frenchpeasanttoldmethatin thesetwofactstherearethe marksofSatanism,Iforone wouldagreewithhim.

Yettheparticularargument aboutsharingthesecretisonly oneaspectofthematter.Ina muchwiderview,whyisitthat theGermanscientistshavenot beenputinthedockatNurembergtogetherwiththeNazis andthePrussianmilitarists?

Anattempthasbeenmadeto trumpupsomeformofidealism forthethesisthatmethodsofdestructionbyatomicfissionshould bemadeaswidelyknownaspossible,andespeciallythatthey shouldbeimpartedtotheone avowedlymaterialisticGreatPower-totheoneStatefreebyhypothesisfromanyidealistconsiderations.Byaveryfittingreversalofthenurserytalesthenew FairyGod-motherwantstoshowerallhergiftsupontheGiant 4whoisalreadywellabletolook afterhimself)sothatwhatever theusetowhichthesenewmagic powersmayheput,itiscertain thatthepoorJacksandCinder(alasoftheentailnationswillbe thefirsttostiffer-andquickly, forthePairs-Godmotherisinan unconscionablehurry.

Ifwehadtimetothink,it mightstrikeusasoddthatmaterialistsaretheleastconcerned ofallaboutthedestructionofmaterialvalues.Thereis,however, acurioussectwhichbelievespassionatelyintheMoscowUndergroundhutnotintheLondon Underground,inaStalingradtractorbutnotinaDetroittruck,in theTrans-SiberianRailwaybut notintheCanadianPacific.Their materialismisaselectricastheir morality.

Consequently,PopeLeoXIII. wasmerelyrepeatingandmaking hisownthedecisionofhispredecessors,afteranotherthoroughand accurateinvestigationofthe wholequestionbyaspecialcommission,whenhedeclaredthat "ordinationcarriedoutaccording totheAnglicanriteswere,and are,invalidandabsolutely

Iftheyhaveadeeperandmore enduringmotiveitliesintherealisationthattheworksofman's handsareintimatelyboundup withhisspirit,andthattheonly hopeofover-throwingthatspirit, deeplyrootedinthefieldsand stonesofcivilisation,istoreduce tochaostheworksofhishands. Anexpensiveandfallaciousex-

Insteadtheyhavebeenpolitely sharedoutamongtheGreatPow ersasreparations,nodoubt,to concoctnewdevilriesfornew masters.Rutarewetoagree thatthemenwhoperfectedthe flyingbombandtherocketare absolvedfromtheguiltofthe GermanGeneralStaff?Whathas happenedtothescientistswhoadvised,llstothevariousmethods ofmassexterminations?Andbe, hindthem,whatofthegeo-politi cians,theexpertsinvitalstatistics,thedemographers,whogave thetruecharactertothelatewar asabiologicalconflictbywhich Germanysuccessfullyutilisedher yearsofvictorytodestroythe vitalityofneighbouringpeoples andtopreserveherown.

Thesewerethemenwhogave theconceptionsandthetoolsof murdertotheS.S.andtheS.A.,to theGoeringsandtheStreichers, mostofwhomcouldfittinglyhave beentriedbydrumheadcourtmartial,reservingNurembergfor anexposureofthepseudo-scientificprinciplesbehindthecampaignofdeath.Butstrangely enough,evennow,verylittlehas yetappearedinprintaboutthe biologicalwar-whichagainbore themarksofSatanism.

AndnowGelmanscientistsare reportedtghaveproducedamethodofsprayingradio-activesubstancestowipeoutcitiesandto destroycropsoveranareaof thousandsofsquaremiles.

InAustralia,theRocket11,,mb Missionisatworkonanatombomb-carryingrocketwitharange of3,000miles.InLondon,ascientistisconcentratingoncosmic rays-andunlessthisshouldbe thoughtabeneficialpastime,we aretoldthatheiscatchingup withtheRussianDr.Kapitza,at worknearAfghanistan.whobelievesthatacosmicraybombno biggerthanatennisballcoulddevastate56squaremiles.

Thesearetheprizedfiguresof ourworld,theenlightenedonesof materialistprogress,whosework aloneseemstoignorenational frontiersandironcurtains.These materialistscientistsdislikethe Christianculture:butifasingle oneofthesaintsofChristendom

By FrancisGilbert

"PLEASETO REMEMBER..."

TherepulsivetraditionofperpetuatingGuyFawkes'dayisdyinghard.Onemayyetseeabout thestreetsanoccasional"guy" attendedbyanunkemptchild whomightbebetteroccupiedin theparentalhomelearningsomethingofrealhistoryinsteadofunconsciouslypropagatingoldfashionedliesinthestreet.Catholicsarenotconcernedwiththe merepoliticalplotassuch,which wasastupidandcriminalact.

Butthehistoricaleffortmadeby CeciltoincriminatetheChurch, andespeciallytheJesuits,inthe personofFatherGarnett,S.J.,has beenincorporatedinthegeneral Protestanttradition,stillunhappilyextant,thatCatholicismis incompatiblewithtruecitizenship.

Thatspiritispreservedinthe commemorationofGuyFawkes' day.Theuglypracticeofornamenting"guys"withrosarybeads, thoughmuchlessfrequent,isstill carriedon,Thereare,however, certainaspectsoftheGunpowder Plotwhichnon-Catholicsshould study,whichextenuate,iftheydo notexcuse,thehistoricalcase.

Firstly,theconspiratorswere notofthecriminalclass,end werenotmotivatedbypersonal ambition.Theyweremenof noblebirth,ofmeansandhonour. someweremarriedandhadfamilies,severalwereconvertswho -hadembracedCatholicismat considerablesacrifice.GuyFawkeshimself,thoughofhumbler birththantheotherconspirators, wasabraveandsimplesoldier, whowasusedasacatspawinthe dangerousgame.Secondly,the largeCatholicbodyinEngland hadbeenbitterlydisappointed overJames'infidelitytohispromisesoftoleration.Theywere constantlyirritatedbyacodeof infamousanti-CatholiClawsframedandenforcedbyahardandre-

lentlessPuritangovernment,and goadedbyaseriesofgallingand impossiblefines.Thereisa breakingpointinalongsustainedpersecution.Again,therewas noquestionofaplotdiscoveredin thenickoftime.TheGovernmenthadknownthedetailsofit alongtimepreviously.Itwas notsomuchaplotagainstthe Governmentasanofficialtrapfur theconspirators. Theworstfeatureofthewhole business,however,wastheattemptedincrimination ofthe clergyandtheJesuitsinparticular.Thislattermatterisoftopicalinterestinthelightofcertain grotesque"historical"accounts oftheactivitiesoftheJesuits.HowFatherGarnett, S.J.,confessortotheconspirators, wasimprisonedintheTowerand finallyexecutediswellknown. Whatisnotsowellknownisthat partoftheconspirators'oathexpresslyforbadetheirtellingeven confessorsoftheirdesigns.Itis nutgenerallymentionedinthe popularandofficialhistorytextbookshowGarnettwastricked andspieduponduringhisimpriscnment.despitetheevidenceof hiscommunicationswithRome thathehadusedeveryendeavour todiscountenanceviolence.Despitealongimprisonmentendthe subtlefraudspracticeduponhim, thesimplicityandhonestyofhis storywerenotshakeninthe trialGarnettdiedaninnocent man.Theofficialconspiracy,to findhimguilty,hassucceededin nosmallmeasureinprejudicing thenon-Catholicpublicagainst theChurch.

NEWYORK"TIMES" REPORTONJUGOSLAV TERROR

TheTitoregimeinJugoslavia ispursuingapolicyofmurderand persecutionthataimsatstamping outreligioninallitsforms,at-

cordingtoreportsfrominside JugoslaviaobtainedbyCamilleM. Cianfarra,Romecorrespondent oftheNewYork"Times,"and publishedinthatnewspaper,says theSanFrancisco"Monitor"of August3.

Thereports,furnishedaccordingtothe"Times"correspondent, by"sourceswhoseidentitycannot bedivulgedforobviousreasons," confirm,summarise,andcomplete alargenumberofdispatchessent totheCatholicpressduringthe last14monthsbytheN.C.W.C. NewsService,givingdetailedinformationontheterroristicpressuretowhichCatholiclifeinall itsphasesissubjectedinJugoslavia.

Accordingtotheinformation obtainedbythe"Times"correspondent,"230priestshadbeenasassinated198ofthemshotdead withouttrial,duringtheperiod fromApril,1944,toMay15,1946," and11nunswereeithershotdead ormassacred,aswellas10seminarians.Manyotherswhohad beenarrestedarestillunheard horn,thecorrespondentreported.

NotExaggerated.

TheAssociatedPresshasquotedaVaticansourceassayingthe publishedestimateofmorethan 200Catholicpriestsexecutedin Jugoslaviasincetheendofthe war.Itwas"not,accordingto Vaticaninformation,exaggerated."

AspokesmanfortheJugoslavMinistryofInformationsaidinBelgradethatthereportwas"afigmentofsomeone'simagination," butadmittedthatsomepriests hadbeenexecutedsinceTitotook overthegovernmentoncharges thattheywerecriminals."

Thirty-twopriests,the"Times" correspondentlearnedfromhisinformantwereexecutedoncharges ofbeing"reactionaries,"of"cooperatingwithFascists,"of"opposingtheCommunistregime," andsimilaraccusations. Alist ofthese32priests,inmanyinstancesgivingthedatesoftheir execution,formspartofthereport.

CONSULT

LAUBMAN

77BARRACKSTREET-PERTH

PHONEB3511

WeincorporatewithustheOpticalPracticesofOPTICALSUPPLIES(W.A.),LTD., OPTICALPRESCRIPTIONS(W.A.),LTD., FOY&GIBSON'SOPTICALDEPARTMENT, M.P.RYAN,Optometrist(lateOrientBuildings), AndHOLLYWOODMILITARYHOSPITAL.

oneinauguratedbyAdolfHitler inGermany,AustriaandJugoslaviabeforeandduringthewar." Usingspuriousexcusesofanewsprintshortage,theCatholicpress issuppressed,withonlyfourpubi.icationsleftofabout100magazinesandparishbulletins. TheTitoregime,deliberately aimingatsmashingtheCatholic Church,isfollowingathree-point policy,the"Times"informantis quotedassaying:"Firstdeprive theclergyofmeansofsubsistence; second,abolishCatholicinstitutions.;andthird,destroytheremainingsocialactivitiesofthe (hurch."

CRIMESAGAINST CONSCIENCERECOGNISED

Crimesagainstfreedomofconscienceandagainstthedignity ofhumanpersonalityhavenow beenplacedon'aparwithcrimes againstpoliticalsovereignty, againstterritorialintegrity,againsttreatiesandtherulesofwarfare.Thisistherevolutionary precedentsetinthewarcrimes trialatNuremberg,theRev.Dr. EdmundA.Walsh,S.J.,Vice-presidentofGeorgetownUniversity, Washington,andregentofits SchoolofForeignService,saidin aninterviewtothePress. FatherWalshhasjustreturned fromNuremberg,wherehewas assignedbytheWarDepartment totheAmericanstaffatthetrials asspecialconsultantonreligious persecution.Hetravelledmore than35,000milesgatheringevidenceofpersecutionforconsciencesakebytheNazigovernment,bothwithinGermanyand inmanyoftheoccupiedterritories.Hevisitedanumberofconcentrationcampsandinterviewed hundredsofsurvivorswhohad sufferedfortheirbeliefs.

Theresultofhisinvestigations furnishedthebasisofthefinal briefonPersecutionofChristianitypresentedbytheAmerican GovernmentbeforetheInternationalMilitary briefFatherWalshaidedindrawingupoutlinedNazipersecution ofthethreemainreligiousgroups inGermany-theCatholic,ProtestantandOrthodoxChurches.

GratefultoGovernment, "Iamproudandgratefulthat theGovernmentoftheUnited Statestooksofirmanduncompromisingastandindefenceof religiousliberty,"FatherWalsh continued."Iamconfidentthat allAmericans-Catholics,ProtestantsandJews-willunderstandthehistoricalimportanceof Nurembergwhen-thefullrecord becomesavailable.Itis not merelyatrialoftwenty-oneindividuals,butapowerfulaffirmationbyjudicialprocessoftheeth icalandmoralfoundationsofinternationallaw."

ousgroupsinEuropeincurredbecauseofNaziconfiscations.

"Allinall,thetrialrecordof thetwenty-onemajorconspirators Hillserveasanunsurpassedtextbookfurthoughtfulmenandstu dentsofhumanconducttheworld over,"FatherWalshdeclared "Therecordwillclearlyshowhow libertyislost,whatabsolutism meansandhowbrutalisedhuman powercanbecomewhenuncontrolledbyconscience."

MUSTSOCIALISMCOME?

Sir,Yourleadingarticleunderthe aboveheading,publishedinthe"Re cord"lastweek,wasinterestingand informative,andwellworthpreserving forfuturereference.

Thingsdon'tjusthappen,anditis questionablewhetherthe"trends"towardsSocialismarenotsowell thoughtoutplanstoputcertain power-bustersincontrol.

Anyfair-mindedmanwouldagree thatthereisnoefficientoreconomic reasonwhyaKingdesiredshould beunderthejurisdictionoftheState -whichisnotoriouslyslowinaction andwasteful-ifthatactivitycanbe efficientlybroughtaboutbya-lesser agency. Apparentlyitisnotamatterof fair-mindedness,butofexpediency.

Thetwo-partysystemofgovern sentisadefinitemenacetogood government,andisunjusttoabody ofelectorswhoareunabletoexpress theiropinionsthroughtheballot box;but,unfortunately,untilwehave preferentialrepresentationthereis verylittlehopeofachangeorof obtainingthevoiceofthepeople fairlyorclearly(*pressed.

The"firstpastthepost"andour preferentialsystemofelectingmembersofParliamenthavegivensuch fantasticresultsinthepast,bothin BritainandAustralia,thatoneis justifiedinpronouncingthemobsolete,andifperseveredinwillmost certainlyleadthenationintoa tragedy.

MuchhasbeenwrittenagainstSocialismfromanefficientpointof view,butthepurposeofthisarticle istoshowwhyitmusteventuallyfail economically.

BySocialismismeantthecontrol bytheStateofallthemeansof production,distributionandex change.Willthenationasawhole benefitfromsuchanexperiment?

Theanswerisinthenegative.

Inagameofcardsitwillhe foundthatmoneygainedwillhe counterbalancedbymoneylost,and ifyouwilltakethetroubletocon sulttheCommonwealthYearBook a thefigurespresenteddisclosethefact thatthesamethinghashappenedin theaffairsofthenation.Acertain numberoffirmshavepaiddividends andacertainnumberhavefailedto. paydividends,thetwoamountsbeingapproximatelythesame.

Inotherwords,oneman'sgain hasbeenanotherman'sloss,andin thestruggleforalimitedamountof money,thismonetaryphenomenon istobeexpected,sowhysocialise anything? QUISBENEFICIT.

.1.8flli10111111111111,11111.1fil.$11,01.1111111111flOW1111

Amongthevictimsmurderedby the0.Z.N.A.(Jugoslavia'ssecret police)weretwoAbbots-Abbot StefanPovoljniak,whowasshot deadatOdrabeforehisownpeoplewithoutbeinggivenanopportunitytodefendhimselfagainst accusations,andAbbotCharles Deliia,whowaskilledshortlybeforeChristmas,1945,inapublic square,the"Times"reportasserts. OppressiveMeasures.

Otherpartsofthe"Times"reportalsoconfirm previous N.C.W.C.NewsServicedispatches regardingtheoppressivemeasures takenbytheTitoregimetopreventreligiousteachinginprimaryandsecondaryschools,indirectviolationofthewishesexpressedby90to99percent.of theparents,thedisappearanceof crucifixesfromclassrooms,the closingofschoolchapels,andthe teachingofatheisticsongstothe children.

"Theanti-Catholiccampaign," the"Times"reportsays,"follows apatterncloselyresemblingthe

TheJesuitscholarrelatedthat intheopeningaddressattheNurembergtrialibyU.S.Supreme CourtJusticeRobertH.Jackson, ChiefU.S.prosecutor,gavethe rightofconsciencethesamejudicialvalueastherightofproperty, whichwasastartlinginnovation ininternationallaw.TheSupremeCourtJusticealsoplaced naturalormorallawabovethe authorityofanygovernment,the priestsaid,sothatnogovernment cananylongerexcuseitscrimes andpoliticalmurdersonthe groundthattheywerethelawof theland.

ChurchStronger.

FatherWalshsaidthatheconsideredtheCatholicChurchin Germany,despiteitsheavylossof propertyandpersonnel,stronger spirituallythanbeforetheNazis cametopower.TheCatholics whohaveweatheredthestormof Nazipersecutionhavethefibreto createatremendousspiritual force,hesaid.

TheGeorgetownpriestsaidhis investigationsbroughttolight countlessinstancesofCatholicre sistancetotheNaziregime.He isnowworkingonthepublication offacts,hesaid,whichwillincludethenumberofthosewho sufferedanddiedundertheNazis forreligiousreasonsandthe amountofmaterialdamagereligi-

ThousandsPayHomage

ImpressiveAnnualProcession

TheCatholicpeopleofPerth. andpilgrimsfrommanycountry centresparticipatedinacorporateactofworshipandfaithinthe EucharistatAquinasCollegelast Sunday,whentheannualdiocesan processioninhonouroftheKingshipofChristwasheld.Theoccasionwasalsomarkedbythe annualrallyoftheHolyName Societies.Severalthousandpeoplecongregatedinbrilliantsuno shine,andthespiritofreverence

amongthecrowdwasmostpronounced. Thankstoanefficientlyorgan

redtransportservice,theprocessionmovedoffpromptlyat2.50 p.mtakingashorterroutethan inpreviousyearsandovermade roads.Followingthecross-bearercamerepresentativesofallthe boys'andgirls'schoolsintheirrespectiveuniforms,followedbya largebodyoflaity.Nextcame themembersoftheNationalCa-

LateMr.JosephGeorgeO'Dea

EducatedatChristianBrothers' College,heexcelledatsport,especiallyfootball,cricketandrowing.Hecompletedhiseducation in1916,andsincethencouldbe closelyidentifiedwiththefirmof BowraandO'Dea.Heplayed LeaguefootballwithWestPerth andwaslaterinterestedasacommitteemanwithbothWestPerth andEastPerthfootballclubs.

Hewasonthecommitteeanda memberoveralongperiodwith theCelticClub,andalsoamembersinceboyhoodwiththeSt. Brigid'sbranob,II.A.C.B.S. Hisdaughter,Kathleen,is studyingmedicineatAdelaide University,andhissonJoeisat AquinasCollege.

toEucharist

tholicGirls'Movement,represen. tativeofallbranches.Their spectacularbannersanddistinctivedressingmadeanimpressive display.ThenfollowedtheSacredHeartSodality,theChildren ofMary'incloaksandveils,the HolyNameSociety,theYoung ChristianWorkersandtheThird OrderofSt.Francisintheir brownhabits.

'Largenumbersofregularand diocesanclergyfollowedwith ChristianBrothersfromthevariouscolleges,andthestudentsof St.Charles'Seminary.Finally camethecanopy,underwhich

Rev.FatherRodgers(sub-deacon. andRev.FatherLytle(masterof ceremonies).

AmongthosepresentatMuss andatthecemeterywereVery Rev.FatherMoss,FatherCrowley,FatherFanning.FatherBernard,O.S.B.,Rev.BrotherDwyer (LeedervilleC.B.C.),Rev.Brother SeeryandRev.BrotherGibbons .HighgateC.B.C.),andRev.BrotherCrowley(Clontarf/. Rev.FatherMcCormack,of Claremont,recitedthelastprayers atthegraveside..

Alargenumberattendedthe Mass,includingchildrenofSacred HeartConvent,Highgate.

atAquinas

theBlessedSacramentwascarriedbyVeryRev.E.Mos,with Rev.FathersAhernandMurphy asdeaconandsub-deacon.respectively,Rev.FatherRaffertydiiectedtheceremonies.

TheBlessedSacramentwasescortedbyaguardofhonourof AquinasCadets,whopresented armsastheBenedictionswere given.ThedecadesoftheRosarywerewellrespondedtoand thehymnsweretakenupbyall alongtheprocessionalroute.

Whentheprocessionreturned totheOval,thespectaclefrom theCollegeverandahswasvery impressive.Thesolidphalanxof worshipperswasrelievedbythe contrastofmanycoloursthrown intohigherliefinthebrightbut temperatesunlight.TheBlessed Sacramentwasbornefromitsfirst throneagainstabackgroundof hazybluehillsandthedullgreen ofthegums.Fromtheimposing whitealtarerectedabovethe headsofthepeople,thefinal Benedictionwasgiven,andRev. FatherBuist.C.SS.R.,preached theoccasionalsermon.

Thechiefmournerswere:Mrs MaryO'Dea(wife),Nancyeand Kathleen(daughters).andJoe ison),JackO'Dea(brother!,Edie (Mrs.Guilfoyle),Nellie(Mrs.W. Guilfoyle),Molly(Mrs.C.Cogan).

ThelateMr.O'Deatookagreat interestinthewelfareoftheorphanboysofBoys'Town,Diontarf,andwasanactivemember ofthecommittee,which,just priortothewar,revivedtheband andprovidedthemwithnewuniforms.

ThedeathoccurredonOctober 7,attheHospitalofSt.Johnof God.Subiaco,ofMr.Joseph GeorgeO'Dea,principalofthe well-knowUndertakingfirmof BowraandO'Dea.Deceased wastheyoungestsonofthelate MichaelandMaryO'Dea.

SolemnRequiemMassforthe reposeofhissoulwascelebrated intheSacredHeartChurch,HighgateHill,onOctober8.Rev.

FatherBrennan,ofHighgate,was thecelebrant,assistedbyRev. FatherDePiazzi(deacon)and

MissKitO'DeaandEileen(Mrs. T.Outridge),sisters:MrsJulia Gblding(mother-in-law), Mrs MollyO'DeaandMrs.PegO'Dea isisters-in-lawI,Messrs.W.Guilfoyle,C.Cogan,andT.Outridge Ibrothers-in-law,,Messrs.John, BrianandMichaelO'Dea,Cecil, Frank,Bill,MickandJohnGuilfoyle,CharlesCoganandTomOutridge(nephews),Imelda(Mrs. Lukey),Edith(Mrs.B.Drysden), MissesPeggy,Pat,JoanO'Dea, Molly,Ronnie(Tasmania),Peggy andKathleenGuilfoyle,Molly.Cogan,LoisandValmaiOutridge (nieces).

Thepall-bearerswere:Mr.J. Doyle(CommissinerofPolice), Dr.R.Wheeler,Mr.E.Needham, M.L.A.,Mr.J.J.Prendergast,Mr. P.J,Trainor,Mr.G.Jones,Mr. P.Tobin,Mr.A.J.Purslowe,Mr. D.J.Chipper,andMr.W.Donoghue.

Mayherestinpeace.

Rev.Thierryd'Argenlieu.CarmeliteProvincialoftheProvince ofParis.hasbeen'raisedtothe rankofanAdmiralintheFrench Navy,and,atthesametime,the CouncilofMinistershasconferred onhimtheGrandCrossofthe LegionofHonour.thehighesthonoursgivenbytheFrenchGoveminent.Fatherd'Argenlieuis anex-officerofWorldWarI afterwhichheenteredthemonastery.AttheoutbreakofWorld WarII.,hewascalledtotheserviceofhiscountry,andgivena highcommand.Duringthewar hevisitedAustralia.

PERTHFISHERIES

489WellingtonSt.,Perth.

FishandPoultrySupplies. WholesaleandRetail.

Phone:B5092.CityDeliveries.

Country?MereCateredFor.

HowtheGermanBishopsFoughtNazism

AstoundingDocumentation ofHitler'sPersecution

ProudRecordofCatholicResistance

Incontestablydocumentaryevi. deneeofthefearlessstrugglewag. edbytheGermanBishopsand theirflocksagainsttheNaziregimeisbeingsubmittedinan800pagevolumeentitled"Kreuzand Hakenkreuz-(CrossandSwastika),whichhasbeencompiledby MonsignorJohannNeuhausler,of theArchdioceseofMunichwho himselfspentfouryearsinaconcentrationcamp.Thevolume, publishedbytheChurchauthoritiesthere,presentshistoriansand studentswithascomprehensivea collectionofdataascanbemade availableatthepresenttime.AccordingtoHisEminenceMichael CardinalFaulhaber,Archbishop ofMunich,whohaswrittenthe preface,thedocumentsshowthat thosewhohavenotbeenonthe "firinglines"duringthepasttwo decadeshavenoconceptionofthe dishonestyanddeceitfulnesson thepartofNazileaders.

Thedocumentsprove,Cardinal Faulhaberwrites,that"theBishopshavenotbeensilentwhen theyhadtospeakandnotasleep whentheyhadtoblowthehorn: thereforeonecannotspeakofa generalcollectiveresponsibility.

For,altogetherwiththeBishops, manylaypeople,too,haveraisedtheirvoicesagainstinjustice

andimmorality,inspiteofall partydictatorship."

CompleteStory.

Basedondocuments,manyof whicharenowbeingrevelledfur thefirsttime,thevolumepresents initsfirstpartthecompletestory oftheNazipersecutonofthe Church,andinthesecondpartrelatestheactiveandorganisedresistanceoffered"onthehigherand lowerlevels,bytheHolyFather andtheBishops,bytheclergy andthepeople,byindividualsand organisations,"againsttheNazi oppressors. Illustrativeofthediabolical methodsusedbytheNazistoundermineChristianinfluenceinGermanyandelsewherearethefollowingfacts:

,GuidedtoursarrangedinRome forGermanvisitorstoSt.Peter's andtheVaticanwereusedasan opportunitytospreadslander againstthePapacy.

TheNazipoliceinMunichcomplainedtoCardinalFaulhaberbecause"hedrovehometooslowly" afterapublicprocession,andaccusedhimofdoingsoinorderto stirupthepeopleagainstthe government.

,AwirewasinstalledinMunich cathedralto"tap"asermonof theCardinal.Agramophonere-

-"theBishopshavenotbeen silent." productionofthesermonwas laterusedtoprovide"amusement"ataNazipartyaffairby distortingthereproductionand makingtherecordruneithertoo fastsoastoelicitridicule.

Astoundinginformationisprovidedinachapterdevotedtothe membersofreligiousOrderswho wereaccusedin193,5ofillegalforeignexchangetransactionsandimmorality.Mostofthepriests thenpilloriedintheNazipress laterhadtobereleasedbecause ofwantofevidence.Thevast majorityofcases'sensationally playedupbytheNazisturned outtobespurious,yettheywere usedaspretextstopersecute wholereligiouscommunities.

Dachau.

Elevenpagesofthebookarefilledwithalistofpriestsfrom47 dioceses,includingthoseofAustria,'CzechoslovakiaandPoland, whowereinmatesofDachauconcentrationcamp.

OnMarch15,1945,thetotalof CatholicpriestsconfinedtoDachau was1,943,representing.144diocesesand25nations.Therewere 791Poles,261Germans, 122 French,73Czech,64Austrians, andmanyothers.Amongthem wereoneArchbishop,oneBishop, twoAbbots,twoVicarGenerals, andthreeProvincials,

Inasurveyofthelossessuffered byreligiouscommunities,MonsignorNeuhauslermentionsthe FathersoftheDivineWord,who lost26membersinconcentration camps.Ofthese,onewasshot, onehanged,twogassedandtwo trampledtodeath.

Theoragnisedresistanceagainst alltheseactsofpersecutionisdepictedinthesecondpartofthe volume.ThosewhowerelookingonGermanyfromtheoutside, theauthorwrites,cannotimagine thecourageandspiritofsacrifice displayed.bythosewhowereon thefiringline.Manyriskedtheir livestosmuggleinformation abroadsothattheoutsideworld mightknowatleastpartofwhat wasgoingoninsidetheGerman borders.

BetweenSeptember,1933,and June,1936,theHolySeeaddressed tctheNazigovernmentnotless than34formalnotes,covering330 typewrittenpages.Inaddition therewere20memorandaand otherpertinentletters.The thenCardinal-SecretaryofState, EugenioPacelli,whoisnowPope PiusXII.,isquotedassayingat thetime:"Germanycausesme morelabourthanalltherestof theworld."

RelatingmanyinstancesofCatholicoppositionagainstmeasures tocurbfreedomofworship,MonsignorNeuhauslerrecallsapastotal,issuedin1936inwestern

ConcordatLapsesin Germany

HierarchyAnxiousOverFreedom ofSchools

TheCardinals,Archbishops,and BishopsofGermanyaregravely concernedoveranannouncement bytheAlliedauthoritiesthatthe AlliesconsiderConcordatsbetweentheHolySeeandGermany tobenolongervalid,leavingthe ChurchinGermanywthoutany properlegalstatus.

AlltheConcordatsareinvolved -thoseconcludedwiththeReich in1933andpreviouslywitha numberofGermanStates.

TheAlliedviewisthatwiththe defeatofGermanyandtheeliminationofitsGovernment,one ofthepartnerstotheConcordats hasceasedtoexist.

ThiswastheoutstandingproblemfacingtheHierarchyattheir conferenceatFuldarecently.

TheAlliedauthorities,saysDr. MaxJordan,NCWCcorrespondent-atFulda,areunderstoodto havegivenassurancesthat,in practice,theywillcontinuetobe guidedbytheprovisionsofthe Concoidats.

ButtheBishopsfearthatthe rightsoftheChurchmightsuffer infringementsatthehandsoflocal Germanauthorities,particularly inthoseStateswhereSocialistic partieshaveamajorityandwhere, asaconsequence,provisionsmay beincludedintheproposedmew constitutionswherebyparochial schoolscouldnolongerbemaintained.

Theproblemwasdiscussedat aspecialmeetingbetweenCapt. DumontKenny,religiousaffairs officeroftheU.S.MilitaryGovernmentofGreaterHesse,and theBishopsofthatdistrict,where theSocialistsarenowinpower.

Complication.

Itisaproblemoffirstimportance,sincethewholeissueofthe re-educationoftheGermanpeople hingesonthere-assertionofChristianprinciplesinpubliceducation.

TheBishops'concernoverthe futurestatusoftheChurchinGerGermany,whichtheGestapo soughttoconfiscate.Despite threatsofimmediatearrest,close to5,000priestsreadtheletter, whichprotestedagainsttheclosingofconventschools.

AttackonJesuits.

AnattemptbytheGestapoto closedownallmonasteriesand conventsinAlsace-Lorrainewas thwartedbyactiononthepartof agroupofJesuitpriestsinco operationwithArchbishopGrober,ofFreiburg.ThebookrevealsthattheGestapoplannedto deportfromGermanyallmembers oftheJesuitSocietyandtointern theminPoland,where,probably, theywouldallhavedied.

TheauthorpaysaspecialtributetothelateCardinalMundelein,ofChicago,forhavingtaken suchafirmstandagainsttheNazi tyrannywhileatthesan.-time aidingthepersecute.;,:erman Church.Theslanderandabuse towhichCardinalMundeleinwas subjectedatthattimeinthe Nazipressisstillwellremembered.

"Wecannotaskforhisforgivenessnow,"writesMonsignorNeuhausler,"butwewant,atleast torestorehisreputationinthe eyesoftheGermanpeople,make amends,sofarasitispossible, forthewrongshehassuffered, andrevivethegratitudeforhim,"

Itisexpectedthatsimilarvcilumeswillbepublishedsoonin otherGermandioceses.Oncethe fullstoryoftheChurchinGermanyhasbeentold,atalewill havebeenunfoldedoftheChristian"underground"andresistance movementinGermanythatisstill largelyunknowntotheoutside world

manyarisesatatimewhenthe tmmediateproblemsofthedayreconstructionofChurchlife,spiritualandmaterialcareforhundredsofthousandsexpelledfrom theEasterndistrictsoftheReich andtheSudetenland,thefateof millionsofGermansstilldetained asprisoners-of-war-requiretremendouseffortstocopeatleast withthemosturgentneeds.

Itwasthefirsttimeinthe79yearhistoryoftheFuldameetingsthatanAmericanBishopBishopMuench,ofFargo,recentlyappointedApostolicVisitorto Germany-attendedthesessions.

iAIltheGermandioceses-with oneexception-wererepresented whenBishopMuenchdelivered thegreetingsoftheHolyFather andthe,ChurchintheUnited States.

Mgr.MuenchstatedthatheintendstovisitalltheGermandioceses.

TheonlydiocesenotrepresentedwasMeisseninSaxony,whose Bishop,Mgr.Legge,isbelievedto havebeenunabletoobtainthe necessarytravelpermitfromthe Russianauthorities.

NoInterference.

CardinalFringe,Archbishopof Cologne,presidedatthesessions.

CardinalvonFaulhaber,ArchbishopofMunich,andCardinalvon Preysing,BishopofBerlin,were present.

Theatmosphereatthisyear's meetingwasdecidedlylesstense thanlastyear,whentheBishops metonlyafewweeksafterthe collapseofGermany.

Contrarytolastyear,theAmericanauthoritiesdidnotassert therighttoattendtheexecutive sessionsortointerfereinany otherwaywiththedeliberations oftheBishops.

RepresentingtheU.S.Military Government,Mr.TheobaldJ. Dengler,religiousaffairsofficer withtheU.S.ElementoftheAlliedControlCouncil,andCapt. KennywenttoFuldatohold themselvesatthedisposalofthe Hierarchyiftheyshouldneedany particularinformationor'bring anyspecificproblemtotheattentionoftheAmericanauthorities.

TheFrenchauthoritiessentsix observers.

NorepresentativeoftheBritishauthoritieswaspresent.

The.Bishopsassembledforthe firstsessionimmediatelyafterthe traditionalBenedictionandthe singingofthe"VeniCreatorSpiritus"inthecathedralcryptatthe altarwheretheremainsofSt. Boniface,Germany'sEnglishapostle,areenshrined.

FluePipestotStoves,Bath Heaters,Paints,Varnish,Calcomine.Hassell'sStoresPerth.B8307.

RodBeaton's Harman'sHotel

HANNAN

AustraliaHotel

MessagetoPrimeMinister.

ChurchandStateemperate inTapucklieu)quinea

FinancialAidforHealth andReconstruction CatholicMissionaries OpposeEducationScheme

AnimportantconferenceconvenedbytheAdministratorofthe TerritoryofPapua-NewGuinea, washeldinPortMoresbyfrom October9to14.Representatives ofallmissionsintheTerritories werepresent,beingbroughttothe capitalbyadministrationaircraft.

Themissionsrepresentedwere Catholic,Anglican,Methodist, LondonMissionarySociety,Lutheran,SeventhDayAdventists, andanumberofsmallermissions.

The.CatholicmissionswererepresentedbyMostRev.Dr.Wade, S.M.(Solomons);RightRev.Mgr. VanBaar,S.V.D.(NewGuinea); RightRev.Mgr.J.Hannan,D.D. (Solomons);VeryRev.Father 4 Hyland,M.S.C.(Rabaul);Very Rev.FatherCadeau.M.S.C.(Yule Island);VeryRev.FatherJ. Dwyer,M.S.C.(Samarai);the Rev.FathersZwinger,M.S.C.,Van 13aar,S.V.D.,Earl,M.S.C.,Taylor.M.S.C.

TheAdministrator.

Openingtheconference,theAdministrator,theHon.ColonelJ. K.Murray,statedthat,inthe matterstobeplacedbeforethe conference-health,educationand rehabilitation-theAdministrator wasdependingagreatdealonthe helpofthemissions.Infact.he feltthatthehugetaskahead wouldbealmostimpossibleofaccomplishmentwithouttheactive co-operationofthemissionariesin theTerritories.ItwasthededaredpolicyoftheIslands'Administrationtoassistthemissions ineverywaypossible,Justasthe worldofthemissionswouldprovideanindispensableauxiliaryto theGovernmentprogramme.

HealthandMedicalServices.

TheDirectorofMedicalServices(Dr.J.Gunther)outlined theproposalsoftheGovernment withregardtotheinter-relation omissionsandadministrationin thematterofhealthandmedical care.Briefly,theproposalswere:

(1)Missionariesarethemostsuitedtoconductallestablishments, suchasinfantandmaternalwelfarecentres,leprosaria,andinstitutionsforthecareofthetuberculous.TheGovernmentwill erect,equipandsupporttheinstitutionsforleprosyandT.B., butthemissionswillbeaskedto providethepersonnel.

(2)Drugswillbeissuedfreeof chargetomissionstothelimitsof thesuppliesavailable,whichsupplieswillbereviewedforeach financialyear.

(3)Financialaidwillbegiven tomissionswhoundertaketo bringtrainedpersonnel-medical ornursing-totheTerritoriesfor fulltimemedicalserviceamong thenativepeople.Thesetrained personswillbestationedinhospitalserectedbythemissionsin locationsmutuallyagreedbetween tawmissionandtheDirectorof MedicalServices,

(4)Theimmediatefinancialaid proposedforthemissions-apart fromtheissueofdrugsandmedicalmaterials-is'thesumof £41,500for1946.47;£6,500ofwhich isforthesalaryoftenmission doctors,£35,000forthemission nursesatthesuggstedrateof£250 perannum.

theproposedscheme.Itwas madeclearthattherewouldbeno difficultyinthewayoftheestablishmentofMissionhospitalsanywhereintheTerritory;financial aid,however,wouldbeavailable onlyinthoseareaswherethere werenogovernmenthospitals.In practice.mutualco-operation wouldsolveallproblems.The fullestco-operationwaspromised inthematterofthespiritualwelfareofpatientsinGovernment hospitals,bothwithregardtoregularvisitationandemergency cases,andregulationscovering thesepointsarebeingdrafted.

Reconstruction. OfficersoftheCommonwealth ReconstructionTrainingScheme attendedtheconference,seeking theagencyofthemissionsinthe rehabilitationofthenatives throughthescheme.Pendingthe furtherdevelopmentofreconstructionprojects,themissionswillimmediatelyenrolmeninthescheme andcommencetheirtrainingIn technicalworkwithwhateverfacilitiesareattheirdisposal.The willprovide tools,equipment,materialstothe missions,willimmediatelyenrol meninthemeantimesupplying foodandalivingallowancetothe menbeingtrained.Asapracticalandimmediateanswertothe nations'needsinthisdirection, nothingcouldbemoresatisfactory.

Education. Themainbusinessoftheconferencewasinthefieldofeducation,andthedeliberationslastedforthreedays.Briefly,the proposalsoftheDirectorofEducation(Mr.W.C.Groves)were: Therearetobefourtypesof schools,Thesub-primaryorVillageVernacularSchoolswillbe mainlyconductedbythemissions, aswillbe,also,theprimary schools,wheretheteachingof Englishwillcommence.TheArea SchoolswillbebothGovernment andMissionary,thelatterbeing approvedinmeasureastheyconformtothestaffteachingstandardrequired.bytheEducation Department. Thesecondary schoolswillconsistofCentral TrainingCollegesforTeachersand CentralTechnicalColleges,which willbethesoleconcernofthe EducationDepartmen, Theseproposalswerserspted bytherepresentativesoftheCatholicMissionsexceptinthematterofTeachers'TrainingColleges.

AproposalthattheEducationDepartmentwouldissueacertificate ofregistrationifthetraineeattendedaGovernmentCollege,at leastforthelastyear,wasrejectedbytheCatholicswiththe strongsupportoftheAnglicans.

BishopWade'sAddress.

SpeakingonbehalfoftheCatholicMissions,theVicar-ApostalkoftheNorthSolomons (MostRev.T.Wade,S.M.),said:

RT,REV.MGR.J.HANNAN

formerlyNationalDirectorofthe PropagationoftheFaith,representedtheSolomonIslandsatthe PortMoresbyConference.

thoseintheTrainingCollegeswho wouldsneerattheideaofGod, woulddenytheDivinityofChrist, wouldregardtheBibleasacollectionoffables,andnotasthe WordofGod.Weappealforan equalrecognitionoftheteachers wetrainwiththosetrainedbsthe Government.Weappealforequal financialaid,thoughthisissecondary,aswecanstilldependon God'sProvidence,aswehavein thepast.

InAustraliaandAmericathe Catholicpeoplehavelongtrained theirownteachersandtaught theirownchildren.Doubtswere expressedfromtimetotimeof thepatriotismofmenandwomen thustrainedInschoolsseparate fromfour-fifthsoftheircompatriots.Oneinfiveoftheliving inAustraliaandAmericaisaCatholic;oneinthreeofthosewho sleepinthewargravesofthe PacificisofourFaith.Thatis ouranswer.

In'everythingelsewewelcome whattheGovernmentisdoing;in everythingelseyoucanbesureof ourfullestco-operation;inthis. whereavitalprincipleisatstake, wecannotcompromise.

RegistrationandFinancialAid.

Afteragooddealofdiscussion, theDirectorofEducationagreed toissueacertificateofcompetencytoteacherstrainedinmissioncolleges,similartothesystemobtainingintheStateofVictoria.Althoughthesecertificateswouldnotbeidenticalwith theGovernmentregistration,they wouldbearnonoteofinferiority intheeyesoftheDepartment.

Theproposedgrantsinaidwere announcedforthe,currentfinancialyear.Missionaryadvisory officersaretobeappointedfrom allmissionstoformanAdvisory CouncilonEducation.Theseofficerswillreceiveasalaryfrom theDepartment.Tensuchofficersaretobeappointed,fourCatholicmissionsbeingrepresented -Papua,NewGuinea,Rabaul, theNorthernSolomons.

,Attheconclusionoftheconference,thefollowingresolution, signedbstherepresentativespresent,wassenttothePrimeMinister:

"Thisconference,representingall themissionsworkingintheTerritoryofPapua-NewGuinea,desires toexpressitssincereappreciation ofthepolicyforeducation,health, agricultureandreconstructionoutlinedbyhisHonourColonelJ.K, Murray,Administrator,andthedirectorsofthevariousdepartments 1,ftheProvisionalAdministration.

-ThemissionariesfurtherexpresstheirgratitudetotheHon. E.J.Ward,MinistertorLxiernal Territories,forinitiatinghirpolicywhichtheyfirmlybelieve,if faithfullyandfullyimplethented, willensurethespiritualandmaterialadvancementofthenative peoplestowhomAustraliaisso greatlyindebted."

MISSIONARYUNIONOF CLERGY

Acommitteewaselectedfor theMissionaryUnionofthe clergy,.bythepriestspresentat themeetingonOctober11.Mem1,,..rshipfeesfrom36priestswere handedtothetreasurer.

Discussionontheobjectsofthe Uniontookplaceandsomepracticalsuggestionsweremade.

FatherC.Cunninghamproposed thatthecommitteeshouldcontainarepresentativefromeach deanery,sothatthe,';iuntry priestswouldbemoreintouch.

FatherP.C.Smithsuggested thatthereshouldbemorepublicityabouttheMissionsin"The Record,"andgainedsomeoffers fromthosepresenttowritean articleontheMissions.

Thecommitteeelectedwas:

FathersJ.Russell,H.Brennan, M.Giles,F.Regan,andE.Power.

Themonthlymagazineofthe Union,'lArpostolatus,"wasmentionedindiscussion,andreceived generalpraiseforthehighqualityofitsarticles.

FIRSTFRANCISCANSFOR NEWGUINEA

LeftAustraliainSeptember.

Thepioneerbandconsistsof ninepriestsandonebrother,undertheleadershipofFatherIgnatiusDoggett,0.F.M.,untilrecentlyMasterofStudentsatSL Paschal'sCollege,BoxHill,Victoria,andoneoftheconsultors oftheOrder.

HiscompanionsweretheRev. FathersDenisDobson,Matthew Darby,MichaelBevin,Raymond Quirk,FerdinandParer,James O'Meara,SeraphimO'Reillyand MartinSchumach, TheirdestinationisCentral NewGuinea,wherearichfieldof missionaryendeavourawaits them.

MISSIONARYDESIRESOF THESAINTS

St,ThereseoftheChildJesusonce said:

"Iwouldliketobeapriest,an apostle,amartyr,andadoctor.I wouldbealightuntosouls. 1 wouldtravelbyeverylandto preachthenameofJesus,and raiseonheathensoilthegloriousstandardoftheCross.Iwould heamissionary,notonlyfora fewyears,but,ifitwerepossible, fromthebeginningof.theworld totheendoftimeandinevery land.Anythingthatanysaint everwas,thatIwouldliketobe."

TheimmortalAmerican,Webster,oncemadethisremark:

"Ifweworkuponmarble,it willperishifuponbrass,time willeffaceit;ifwereartemples, theywillcrumbleintodust;but ifweworkuponimmortalminds --ifweimbuethemwithprinciples,withthejustfearofGod andloveofourfellowmen-weengraveonthosetabletssomething whichwillbrightenthroughall eternity."

Nothingismoretouchinginthe GospelthanwhenJesusweeps, whenHecries,"Ithirst!"asHis eyesdoseindeath,andHislovingHeartisdrainedofthelast dropofblood.ThisisHiswas' ofestimatingthevalueofthehumansoul.

ST.FRANCISXAVIER.

Somefourhundredyearsago thisgreatFirebrandortheIndieswassaddenedandsickat heart.Hiswastheglorioustask topreachFhri.sttothepagansof distant.India.Ashetraversed upanddownthelengthand breathofthatland.ringinghis littlehand-belltoattractthepeople,thethoughtc.imetohim: Whydonotmoreladsofambitionandvalourespousethemissionarycause.andwrite*heir namesbiginAlehistoryoftheir Church?Whyaretheysoenamoredofthefleetingthingsof thisworld,sofascinatedbyitstinselpleasureswhichto-dayareand to-morrowpassaway;whyare theysogivenovertoitspassing delightsastolosesightofthe worth-whilethingsofeternityout hereinIndia?Thusmusedthis great-souledheroofGod. Andthenhesatcrownand wrotehometoEurope.Inthis letterhevoiceshissentiment: "Somanyoutherewouldembrace thefaith,butthereisnooneto makethemChristians."Isitany. wonderthatthegreatChrist-lover felt'saddenedatheart?Hemerely re-echoedtheobservationand prayerofChrist:"Theharvestis great,butthelabourersarefew.. Prayye,therefore,theLordof theharvest,thatHesendforth labourersintothevineyard."

Pre-warPaintsandEnamels availableatHassell'sStore,IN WellingtonStreet,Perth.

S.BEECROFT,Butcher 181RokebyRoad,Subiaco.

OnlyPrimeFreshKilledMeatSold Phone:W1373.

TherepresentativesoftheCatholicMissionsexpreaseelthemselvesascompletelysatisfiedwith

"Weknow,Mr.Groves,thatour unwillingnesstoco-operateinthis mattersisadisappointmenttd you;butwehavenochoiceinthe matter.Wecannotsurrenderto 'anyoneth0formationofthose intowhosecarewewillplacethe trainingofouryoungpeople.We mustlooktothefuturewhenitis quitepossiblethattheremaybe

Fortheseofficers,inaddition tootherspecifiedtrainedstaff,the missionswilleachreceive£2,100 perannum.Inaddition,theDepartment,tothelimitofitsresources,willsupplyallschoolrequisites,textbooks(bothinEnglishandinthevernaculars).'Further,generousprovisionisbeing madeforthesupportofabouttwo thousandtraineesinTeachers'Colleges,andthepaymentofalimitednumberofteachersinmission schools.

DeathofMrs.E.Lalor

WELLKNOWNANDCHARMINGPERSONALITYMOURNEDBYWIDECIRCLEOFFRIENDS.

Afteraverysuddenillnesson Fridaylast,October25,Mrs.Eliza. bethLalorpassedpeacefullyaway atherhomeat74Stanley-street, Nedlands.Inherseventiethyear, Mrs.Lalorwaswidelyknown throughouttheState.

ComingtotheWestin1900she livedforseveralYearsonthe Goldfields,whereshemetthelate TomLalor,whomshemarriedin 1908. Mrs.Lalorwasreceived intotheChurchpriortohermarriage,andlivedthroughherlong lifeafterwardsasanexemplary Catholic.Herpopularandrespectedhusbanddiedafewyears ago,andMrs.Lalorissurvivedby herfourchildren-FatherHarold; Tom,MollieandMarjorie(Mrs. EricDurack).FatherLalor,who lefttheArchdioceserecentlyto jointheSocietyofJesusinMelbourne,arrivedbyplaneintime tocelebratetheSolemnRequiem Massofferedforhismotherinthe ChurchoftheHolyRosary,:Nedland;andtoconductthelastrites atthegrave.

Themanyexpressionsofsympathyreceivedbythefamilyare eloquenttestimonyoftheaffectioninwhichtheirmotherwas heldbyallthosewhoknewher,

Atthewell-attendedRequiem Masapriortothefuneral,theReverendClergyofthemetropolitan areawerepresent,andchanted theAbsolutiosupertumulum; singingoftheMassinselfwas renderedbythepupilsofLoreto Convent,Nedlands,whoalsoformedaguardofhonourasthecasketwascarriedfromthe church.

Atthegravesidethechief mournerswerehersons,Harold andTom,andMr.TedFreeman, heronlysurvivingbrother.

Thepall-bearerswereDr.D.A. Quinlan,Dr.F.Guilfoyle,Messrs.

THELATEMRS.E.LALOR.

LDoyle,H.Foster,A.McHenry, J.G.Ardagh,K.P.Pyrne,and A.Hail, BesidestheReverendClergy presentwere:Rev.BrotherT.B. Garvey(Superior,AquinasCollege),Drs.D.A.Quinlan,J.D. Palandri,F.Guilfoyle:Messrs. EdgarLe13.Henderson,R.Summerhayes,V.J.Crock,J.P. O'Hara,J.R.Campbell,M.J. Ryan,R.Paxton,E.Kean,M.J. Ahern,P.R.Jackson,B.St.J.

Kennedy,J.M.Lavan,M.P. Cogan,G.O'Dwyer,W.V.Courtney,W.J.Arnott,D.I.Connor, J.J.Conway,J.D.Murphy,Jas. Ryan,J.B.Carmody,J.Gleeson, D.Fitzgerald,A.D.Scott,A.E King(representingTattersall's Club),J.Chesson,E.Kelly,E Thomas,B.Shepherd,F.Freeman. W.D.McCoy,W.Malone.S.McHenry,J.Firth,R.Connaheer,II. V.Martin,G.R.Mattiske,J. Maher,'T.J.Daly,A.Amodeo,S. J.Pogue,C.Roper,J.W.Noonan, J.EddingtonD.Coleman.F.Farrelly,C.Piesse,J.Ritche,J.D. Healy,F.W.Morgan,G.Cooper, E.McNamara,A.W.Green,J. Murphy,B.andC.Parslow,J. Carrington,G.Norwell,E.Kohn, TO'ReillyG.Macpherson,R.J. McKerrow,L.0.Caust,G.Ardagh, D.Evans,J.Sullivan,J.J.QuigleyA.McCallum,L.F.O'Connor, ARodoreda,C.A.O'Connor,0. Caple,S.I.Knight,G.Slattery.N. T.Power,A.Hall,G.E.H.Birt, R.DixW.Leonard:MesdamesH. Foster,D.Fitzgerald,M.Brennan, C.Slattery,E.K.Nowotny,N, BuchananE.Hooper,T.Hewitt. R.Whitely:MissesM.Kenny,N. Hayes,P.Whitely. Wreathswerelaidonthegrave from:TheFamily;Mr.andMrs. FosterandtheBoys;Mr.andMrs.

CentralCatholicLibrary

36PierStreet,Perth'PHONE:B5754 OUR

Fiction-Social-TravelBiography-Spiritual-History -Detective-andGeneralRefer enceSection.

TheSubscriptionRatesareas follows:

City-OneYear:15s.,three booksexchanged:12s6d,two booksexchanged;10s.,onebook exchanged

L.Doyle;Mr.andMrs.0,Brown; Mrs.Paxton,RoyandElsie:ConnorQuinlan;E.McCurrao;C.W. Arnott;Alec.,JackandSteve: Mr.andMrs.A.Rodoreda:E.S. ndA.Bank:Mr.andMrs.A.McHenryandFamily;J.andS.McHenryFamilies;BillandGeorge Dawson:CatholicGirls'Movement:Mrs.GrayandMargaret: DrandMrs.FrankGuilfoyle; Mr.andMrs..B.Bronderand Sonya;M.Sanderson:Mr.and Mrs.C.PiesseandFamily:Betty andJackEddington:Mr.andMrs. A.Hall:GuilfoyleBrothers;Tom andMaryFoster:GuthandArdaghFamily:PhonandTess Scott;EllenandKathleenFrawley:EdnaJermyn;KevinByrne; TheNoonanFamily;Mr.andMrs. T.AhernandFamily:Sheila,Reg andChildren;Mr.andMrs.E.K. Dukes:MembersofOldAquinians'HockeyClub;Flora,Gerald andProfessorNowotny.

Thefuneralarrangementswere conductedbeBowraandO'Dea.

OLDAQUINIANS'HOCKEY CLUB

DEATHOFPATRON.

InthepassingofMrs.Lalor,the Clublostadearfriendandaclose supporter;herpresencewasalwaysfeltas"MotheroftheClub."

Sincetheveryformationofthe Clubhercharmandsincerity,her encouragementhavebeenfacets orhercharacteracknowledgedby all. ToFatherHarold,Tom,Molly andallothersofthefamily,the Clubmembersextendtheirdeep estsympathy,

TheLateMissM.E. Dunn

OnFriday,October18,there passedtohereternalrewardMiss MaryEllenDunn,ofVictoria Park.Born79yearsagoinRichmond,Victoria,thedeceasedlady hadlivedinthisStatefornearly 50years,duringthegreaterpart ofwhichshewaswellknownin theCity.Predeceasedbyher sisters.thelateMrs.F.F.Farmer anethelateMissS.J.Dunn,over 10yearsago,MissDunnhadlived withthemfromthetimeofher arrivalinW.A.untiltheirdeaths. AnexemplaryCatholic,andfortifiedbytheritesofourHoly Church,MissDunnhadborne withfaithandpatienceasevere illnesswhichhadlastedformore than8years,andwhichduringthe pastthreeyearshadconfinedher toaninvalid'swheelchair.ShortlyafterherarrivalinW.A.she becameaprominentmemberof theHibernianSociety,andwasan activeworkerfortheSt.Vincent dePaulSocietyinthoseearly days,duringwhichgoodCatholic womendidsomuchforthatgreat Society.ShewasaferventmemberoftheSacredHeartSodality formorethan40years,andduring thelastfouryearsofherlifeshe wasafaithfulauxiliarymemberof theLegionofMary.

Inthebusinessworldshewas wellknowntoourolderidentities asadepartmentalmanageressin severalofPerth'slargerdrapery stores,firstly,atWiedenbach's, thenattheirsuccessorsMessrs. BradshawandHall.andlaterat Brenn.an'sLtd.Eventuallyshe acceptedmanagementofadepartmentatCharlesMooreandCo., withwhomsheremainedforsome years,untilsheenteredintobusinessonherownaccountinthe country.Sheretiredfromactive workin1928tolookafterhersister,thelateMrs.Farmer,whohad thenbecomeseriouslyill.

Country-Oneyear:35s.,four booksforwardedandfortnightly exchangeoftwobooks;20s.,two 1ooks NationalGeographicalMagazines includedwitheachexchangeifde. sired.

Thisweekwehaveplacednew copiesofPERE LAMY,WE HAVEBEENFRIENDSTOGETHER(RaissaMaritai&EDGARWALLACE:Biographyof MargaretLane,alsota,numberof new-thrillersandWesterns.

After-RequiemMass,offeredin St.Joachim'sChurch,Victoria Park,at9a.m.onSaturday,October19,thefuneraltookplaceat KarrakattaCemetery,theburial servicebeingcarriedoutbyRev. FatherFitzgerald,assistedbyRev. FatherH.KearinandR.O'Reilly, ofVictoriaPark, ThelateMissDunnleavesas heronlysurvivingrelativesher nephews,Messrs.ErnestandJack Farmer,whodesiretothanktheir manyCatholicfriendswhoattended.theRequiemMassandwho haveofferedsomanykindexpressionsofsympathytothemintheir bereavement.R.I.P.

PERTH,WEDNESDAY,OCTOBER30.19-k).

WeaknessandDecline

Accordingtoarecentcabledmessageinthemorningpress,theHcklyFather,broadcastingtotheeighth UnitedStatesNationalCatecheticalCongressatBoston, said:"TheChurchismenacednotonlyfromwithoutbut alsobyinteriorforcesofweaknessanddecline.Perhaps thegreatestsinintheworldto-dayisthatmenhavebeguntolosetheirsenseofsin."Justasasoldier,inthe furyandconcentrationofbattle,mayreceiveaserious woundwithoutadvertingtoituntillater,soitispossible fortheChurchinthemodernworld(pre-occupiedwith therisinghordesofatheism)tosufferinjuryinhermembers.ItispartofthedutiesoftheSupremePastorto haveavigilanteyeuponthewelfareoftheChurchinall circumstances,andhismostrecentwarningisevidence thatheisfullyalivetothedangersoftheday.Itmust comealsoasashocktothecomplacencyofmanyCatholics torealisethatthePbpeisnotsatisfiedthatalliswell withintheHouseholdoftheFaith.

Whatarethe"interiorforcesofweaknessanddecline"towhichtheHolyFatherrefers.Perhapsthey arethenaturalreactionsoftheCatholicworldtoatoogreatconcentrationupontheexternalforcesofevil.Never moresothanto-day.certainlyhavetheenemiesofChristianitybeenmoreopen,moreblatant,andmoremilitant. EveninthepontificateofPiusX.thethreatofModernism didnotrepresentsuuniversaladangerbecauseofits subtlety.ItmightanddidplayhavocamongtheintellectualportionoftheChurch,butitcouldscarcelyhope tosubvertthemajorityofCatholics.Buttheeviltodaywhichisrepresentedbytotalitarianismisadoubleedgedsword.Whileitspromisesarefantasticandits methodscompletelyruthless,itnonethelesshasanappeal foritproposestosolveproblemsunderwhichmankind haslabouredtoolongandtoohopelessly.LargenumbersofCatholics,particularlyinEasternEurope,have beenseducedfronttheirloyaltytotheFaithbycoercion, cajolery,andbythesheerpressofcircumstances.But itisnottothesethattheHolyFatherrefers,forhespeaks of"interiorforces."

* * *

ItmaywellbethatinfightingtheforcesofmaterialismCatholicshavecometorelyover-muchonmaterial means.Theymayhavebeenbusyaboutmanythings whileneglectingtheOneThingnecessary.ItwasSt. Paulwhoissuedthewarningthathechastisedhisbody andbroughtitintosubjection,lesthavingpreachedto othershehimselfshouldbecomeacastaway.Totalitarianism,initspolitical,economicandculturalmanifestations,istobefoughtincessantly.ButCatholicsmustbewareofattemptingtofightitbyitsownmethods.Seeingthethingisprimarilyaheresy,thechiefweaponsof combatfortheCatholicwillbespiritualones.AllsuccessinChristianhistoryhasbeenthusachieved.The prideoflifeandthearroganceofwealthhasbestbeen checkedbythosewhoweremeekofheartandpoorin spirit.Nothingsorebukestheincontinenceoftheworld asthevoluntaryvirginityofthecloister.Itisnecessary indeedto-daytohavethehandsofMartha,butitisindispensablealsotohavetheheartofMary.

* *

Thereareotherevils,too,makinginroadsuponthe Catholicspirit.Perhapsthechiefoftheseismoralsurrender.Certainlythemoralanarchywhichsurrounds themarriagestateishavingitsrepercussionsuponthe Catholicmindiffornootherreasonthanitseemstoplace thepagansonabettereconomicplanethantheChristians.Wearesufferingalsofromtheaftermathofwar, thelicentiousnessofwhichisnoteradicatedwithouta long,bitterandperseveringstruggle.Thechange% broughtaboutbywarcasualtiesinthesex-compositions ofnationsisafactorwhichmustalsoaffecttheapostasies fromtheChurchthroughmixedmarriage.Thetroubled internalconditionoftheChurchisreflectedinthefallingoffofvocations,especiallyamongwomen,bythenonmarriageandlatemarriageofCatholics,bythedropin thenumericalstrengthofCatholicism,andbythedecline ofpublicspirit.Theremedyforthesedeficienciesisnot intheloweringofstandards,hutinanincreasinggenerosityandapostolicspiritamongthosewhoremainloyal. TherealremedyforCatholicinactionisobviouslyCatholicAction.

WhoAre...

niseriminations

"ThePostmanAlways RingsTwice

Thisfilmhasbeenadapted fromJamesM.Cain'sunsavory taleofillicitlove,degeneracyand murder,andviewedfromalmost everyangleitcanonlybeclassedinturnasstupid,sordid,and whollyunedifyingbothintheme andpresentation.

Ihavetermeditstupidforthe solereasonthereappearstobe noreasonablemotivefortheactionsandsuddenchangesinthe moodsofthetwoprincipals.It ismostevidentthatmanyscenes havebeendeletedbytheCensor, andthefilmissobadlyhacked aboutthatmuchofitisunintelligible.Thecensorshouldhave bannedthefilmaltogether,insteadofattemptingtodisinfectit andthenlableit"suitablefor adultsonly."Thefilmissordid becauseitdescribesatgreat lengthandmuchluriddetailhow amarriedwomanandherlover plantomurderherlovableand trustinghusband.Althoughitis truethatretributionovertakesthe guiltypairatatimewhenthey -considertheirguiltwillneverbe proved,andtheirpunishmentis offeredasailexpiationfortheir callouscrime,this"crimedoesnot par"ideaseemstohavebeenof onlysecondaryimportanceinthe producer'smind.Isaythisbecausethroughoutthefilmthere aprolongedandnotoversubtle attempttogainthesympathyof theaudienceforthetwomurderersandtomakeasentimentalromanceofthestoryofacrudeand viciouskilling.

TheStory.

PP

littledevilwemention,perhaps toolightly,inconversationat times.Thekillingofthelatter wouldhavebeenapublicservice.)

terrificsetofcomplications thenarises,andforawhile Cora'sprospectsappearmore gloomythanagraveyardonawet Sunday.Sheisdefendedbyan ablelawyer(HumeCronyn!,who hasagreaterknowledgeofthe weirdandwonderfulprocessesof AmericanlawthanHollywood hadhithertodreamedof-Ihave ceasedtowonderatAmerican CriminalCourtprocedureasportrayedonthescreen-andsheis acquitted.Tocutalongstory shortCora,probablytoprovethat shehasasparkoftheold-fashionedmoralityinher,marriesFrank. Latertheyareinvolvedinaroad smash,Coragetskilled,and,for somestrangereason,Frankgoes totheelectricchairforit.The DistrictAttorney,whohadhad hiseyeonFrank,andrightlyso, fromthefirstreel,reallythought hehadmurderedcutelittleCora, andwithoutanyreasonsadvancedinthefilmFrankhastopay withhislife.Inthecondemned cellFrank,whoneverreallyappearedtomeasbeingmentally alert,mumbledsomethingabouta postmanalwaysringingtwice, andheseemedratherdistressed untilhischaplainhadreassured himfatrifleuncertainly. thought!thatCorawouldnever foramomentholdhimresponsibleforherdeath.Onthis happynotethefilmends.

MickSmith(CecilKellaway)is thehappyownerofaroadsiderest:tisaneHeismiddle-aged,likeableandmarriedtoasoulless pieceofgoodscalledCora(Lana Turner).Corahasaboutasmany moralsasthereareicefloesinthe Sahara,andwhenthehobo,Frank Chambers(JohnGarfield)has beenofferedahomeandajob bythetrustingNick,itisonly amatterofafewsecondsbefore theyareineachothersarms, CoraandFrankImean.They decidethereandthenthatfrom nowontheywillsinkorswimtogether,andtoproveittheygo swimmingtogetherafewnights later,but,unfortunatelyforthe audience,.neithersinks.Soon CorarealisesthatFrankisso crookedhecouldhidebehinda corkscrew,andsotheycold-bloodedlyplantomurderNickandacquirethebusinesswhichhasgood 1:respects.AfteroneghastlyfailuretheyfinallysucceedinmurderingoldNick.(Note:Pleasedo notconfusethisoldNickwiththe

schoolauthoritiesandparental bodieshasbeenenlisted.

MECAMERALPLAYERS?

'Itsaquestionthat'sbeingask. edalotroundthetown.Idon't claimtobeexactlyright,hutI imaginemyanswerisasgoodas anyItseemstomethatatthemomenttheterm"CathedralPlayers"couldbetakentoincludealmostanyonewhoseinterestsare parallelwiththoseofcertainoriginatorsofamoveforgoodplays tobestagedatCathedralHall, Murray-streetEast.Perhapsone shouldaddtheriderthatsimilarityofinterestsshouldbeaccompaniedbywillingnesstoserve.

WhatInterests?

Themovementisundeniably Catholicinorigin.Itdrawsits inspirationfromthedeep-feltlongingofCatholicactorsandactressesforadramaticsociety whichwouldservethedoublepurposeofsatisfyingtheirdramatic instinctsandsafeguardingCatholicprinciples.

ThatpeopleshouldgototheabIsurdextremeofbandingthemselvestogetherinthefieldofdrama fromapurelyreligiousmotiveis surelytheheightoffolly.

TheCatholicAnswer.

TheCatholic'ssimplereplyto allobjectionsthatmightberaised againsthisbehaviouristhatreligioncannotbeconfinedonlyto church,butactuallypervadesthe wholeoflife.Itdoesnotfollow thatCatholicsmustalwayssegregatethemselves,butitdoesclearlyfollowthatitisagoodthing tohaveahomefordramawhere ChristianthoughtandChri-tian principlesmayrestunassailed.

Co-Operation.

TheOast.

Therearetwosmallbitsofbrilhantactinginthisfilmworthyof specialmention. refertoAustralia'sownbrilliantcharacter actor,CecilKellaway,whohandlesthepartofNickwithcustomaryskill,andtoHumeCronynas thelawyer,whosavesCora.Neitherofthesefinecharacteractors havegivenapoorperformanceto date.LanaTurnerhasalotto doasCora,butthepartwasbeyondher.Throughoutthefilm Lanaremindedmeofthecomic stripcharacterJane,whosheresembledbothindressing(orlack ofit)anddramaticintensity.John Garfield,exceptforafewbrief scenes,wasasexpressionlessas acheese.

Inaworldinwhichsecularism isrampantitmusttomanypeopleappearasastrangephenomenon-almostmedieval-- that certainoftheirfellow-menwho inotherrespectsseemadmirably sane,shouldinthisonematterof religionexhibitssignsofmadness -almostfanaticism.Amongsuch honestpeoplethereisastrong conviction,tacitifnotalwaysexpressed,thatreligionisaprivate matterwhichmightconveniently beexposedinchurch-ifonefeels likeit--butwhichshouldcertainlyneverbeallowedtointerfere withone'sprogressinotherwalks oflife,Toallowreligiontocolourone'sviewsondramaisanattitudeofmindwhichtosecularistsiscompletelyindefensible.

AsanumberoftheCathedral PlayersarealsoprominentRepertorians,itispleasingtonote thatastrongspiritofco-operation betweenthetwogroupsisalreadywellinevidence.Thiswasfirst noticedin"Granite,"andnow againin"GreenShutters"weobservethatnon-Catholicsfromthe RepertoryClubhavereadilycome forwardtofillvacanciesinthecast forwhichtheyareparticularly wellsuited.Thistwo-waycooperationisoneofthemosthopefulsignsonthelocalentertainmenthorizon.Ontheonehand idemonstratesthatgoodwillexistsamongthosewhomightfora varietyofreasonsbesupposedto beinflatoppositiontotheCathedralPlayers,andontheother handitfurnishesampleproofthat thepolicy.ofthenewCatholic bodyisbsnomeansinsular.May suchanexcellentbeginningbea happyanguryofsuccessfuldevelopmentforbothbodies. -DEGUSTIBUS.

Atpresenttheprogrammesare oftheentertainmenttypeonly,' andconsistchieflyoftravelshorts. animatedcartoons,aserial,anda suitablefeaturepicture.Shortly, however,anattemptwillbemade tointroduceeducationalmatter, andthesessionwillprobablyineludeshort"quizzes"andabrief talkbyperhapsa.doctoronhealth rules,orapolicemanonsafetypre cautions,andsoon.Oneofthe difficultiesofthemomentfacing thecontrollingbodyisthatthere arenofilmsmadeexclusivelyfor juvenileconsumption,andaccordinglytheirchoiceisrestrictedto thosepicturesamongcommercial productionsthatwilldonoharm. Ouroldfriend,J.ArthurRankis establishingchildren'scinema clubsinBritain,andherecently statedthatthe"donoharm" standardisnotgoodenough.He considersthat"dothemgood" shouldbetheprimaryessential ofaclubprogramme,andheis reportedtobeworkingalongthese lines.

Itispleasingtomentionthat onetheatreinPerth-theAmbassadors-istryingtocateralong therightlinesforchildren,when eachSaturdaymorningthereisa children'ssessionwherecartoons andasuitablefeaturefilmare shown.Themanagerhaspersonallyassuredmethatwithina veryshorttimeachildren'sclub willbeformedatthetheatre,and alltheideasthathaveprovedsuccessfulintheEasternStateswill beincorporatedintothePerth programmes.Thisisenterprise oftherightkind,andIcommend ittoallCatholicparentsforconsideration.

Groucho'sSCREENNOTES

"THEOUTLAW"ANDTHE H.N.S.

Iwasdisappointedtoreadin thedailypresslastweekthat "TheOutlaw,"aHowardHughes production,hasrecentlybeen passedbytheCommonwealthcensoras"suitableforadults,"which itpracticemeansthateveryman, woman,orchildcanseethefilm iftheysodesire.Althoughthe filmwasnotuniversallybannedin America,manylocalgoverning authoritiesforbaditsscreening. andexhibitorswhowouldnot complywerearrested.

"ThePostmanAlwaysRings Twice"failstomeasureupaspalatableentertainment.Itisthe sortoffilmwhichreflectsnothing butdiscreditontheindustryand allconcernedwithitsproduction. Giveitamiss.

---"GROUCI10."

THECATHEDRALPLAYERSPRESENT"GREENSHUTTERS"

AnUnusualDramabyWilliamDinnerandWilliamMorum. inCATHEDRALHALL,MURRAYST.,NOV.13,14,15

PRODUCTION:LILYP.KAVANAGH.

CAST:NancyLee,PeterBatten,JamesCondon,ShirleyGeddes. PeterKennet-,BarbaraBriggs,CoralieCondorl,Dudley Knight,RonEvans,LesDownie,JimDoogue, DecorbySyd.Davis. Admission2/6. PlanatNicholson'sNovember4.

ArchbishopRummel,ofNew Orleans,hasdescribedthisfilm as"apicturewhichglorifies crime,letsthecriminalgounpunished,isimmoralinaction,andin. decentincostuming,"andheurgedthattheLegionofDecency pledgebeinvokedagainstit.It ispleasingtonotethatwhenthe filmwasfirstadvertisedinChi cagotheHolyNameSocietymade avigorousprotestandcarriedout itsthreattopicketthetheatre. Twelveparishesinthevicinity joinedintheprotest,andsoon theH.N.S.demonstrationbrought results,'asitwasstatedthatthe picturewouldnotbeshownat anytheatreinthecircuitconcerned.ManyProtestantassociationsthroughoutAmericaexpressedtheirwillingnesstocooperatewiththeH.N.S.idtheir commendablecrusade.

EXPERIMENTALCINEMA CLUBSFORCHILDREN.

RecentlyintheEasternStates theHoyts'organisationinauguratedanexperimentaltestofcin-

emaclubsforchildren.Thecampaignhasbeencarefullyplanned toobtainthewidestpublicity possible,andtheassistanceof

Having.hadanopportunityof studyinga.tfirsthandthehigh idealsand,incidentally,theorganisingabilityoftheHolyName SocietyinthreeAustraliancapitals,Iwillbeverysurprisedif "TheOutlaws,"oranyotherflagrantlyindecentproductionthat violatesstandardsofgoodtaste forthatmatter,doesnotgetahot receptiononitsarrivalinAustraliaandPerthinparticular. Moreofthislater.

Christmas Gifts

Cards

Calendars

Madeinourownfactory,with thebestWindsorandNewtonoil colours.

Coloured:

Subjects:ImmaculateConception, OurLadyofLourdesandSacred Heart,12inhigh.Price20s.each.

Subjects:OurLadyofLourdes, OurLadsandChild,andSt.Therese,16in.high.Price,35seach.

DecoratedWhiteIvorine.

ImmaculateConceptiononly: 10in.high.Price8/6. 12in.high.Price11/6.

CLLLULOIDPLAQUESToStand.

Square:6in.x4in.Price,1/9. 10in.x8in,Price8s.

Oval:Sin.a4in.Price2.'9. 10in.x8in.Price,8/6.

FramedPictures,inGiltor BlackBeadFrames;size,Sinx 6i(tostand).

Subjects-SacredHeart,Our LadyandChild,St.Therese,and SkPhilomena.Price5/3each.

ROSARYBEADS.

BlackPlasticBeads,withmetal chainandcross.Price.12/6 each.

BlackandBrownPlasticBeads. withmetalchainandSterling

SilverCross.Price,16/6each.

MotherofPearlRosary.Price, 18/6,22/6,25/-.

MotherofPearlRosary,Sterling SilverChain.Price70/-.

MotherofPearlRosary,9ct.Gold ChainandCross.Price*7/1/6 andE8/1016.

9ct.GoldCrossandChain.Price 50s.,55s.,and70s.

CHRISTMASCARDS.

AERIAL:Photo,viewsofSt. Mary'sCathedral,SantaMaria College,AquinasCollege,andClon. tarfOrphanage;infoldoverfolder;printedwithsuitableChristmasGreetings.Price,2s.

SAMETYPEcard,withphotos ofWestAustralianScenes.Price, Is9deach.

CALENDARS.withaerialphoto viewsofSt.Mary'sCathedral, SantaMariaCollege,AquinasCollegeandClontarfOrphanage; printedwithsuitableSeasonal greetings.Size,9in.a6in.Price 2slid.each.

SametypeofCalendar,with

PhotoViewsofWestAustralia.

Size9lin.x&lin.Price2s6d. CalendarswithPicturesChrist. missCrib,SacredHeart,OurLady, St.Joseph,HolyFamily,etc Size6in.x3in.Price9d.each.

BOOKSTHATMAKEGOOD PRESENTS.

THESCARLETLILY.Astory oflifeandtimesofMaryMagdalen.ByEdwardF.Murphy. Price15/3.

ROADFROMOLIVET.Latest novelbytheauthorof"The ScarletLily."Price17/6.

THETENCOMMANDMENTS.

TenshortstoriesofHitler's WaragainsttheMoralcode.

Price13/6.

ANEMERALDINPAWNBy JohnG.Murphy.Price6/6.

THESHADOWOFAPEARL.

LyJohnG,Murphy.Price6/6.

THEPICTUEONTHEWALL.

ByJohnG.Murphy.Price6/6.

CallinandseetheBIRONEW BRITISHBALLPOINTPEN, orwriteforparticulars.

MakeuseofourLAY-BYSYSTEM,whichisaconvenientmethodofpurchasingChristmaspresents.

YACTIVITIES

DiocesanHeadquarters: NationalMutualBuildings,81St. George'sTerrace,Perth.

'Phone:B2548.

NEDLANDSBRANCH.

Thenextdance,tobeheldon Saturday,November9,willbea "BacktoChildhood"Carnival. Ournextgeneralmeetingwill beheldonNovember3. We'reendeavouringtohire somecourtsforweek-endtennis, butsofarhavehadlittlesuccess. Furtherannouncementswillbe madeinthiscolumn.

CLAREMONTBRANCH.

OntheFeastofChristthe King,thebranchhadarivertrip. The"Dauntless"washiredforthe day,andwasalmostpackedwith parishionersoutfortheirfirst post-warexcursion.Theweatherwasperfectforsuchanouting.Afterarundowntheriver totheharbourwelandedatMosman'sforluncheon.Theinner mansatisfied,wesetoutfor AquinastoparticipateintheEucharisticProcession,AfteranexcellentdaywelandedatClaremontat6p.m.

Ournextdancewillbeheldin St.Thomas'Hall,Reserve-street, Claremont,onSaturday,November2.

'CATHEDRALBRANCH.

BikeHike.

Thebikehikewillnowbeheld onSunday.November3,andthe destinationwillbeClontarf.All hikerswillbeleavingSt.Patrick's Schoolat10a.mAsCottesloe italsogoingonthatday,wehope toplaythemcricket.Gingerbeer willbeprovidedfree.

Lecture.

Mr.KeithSpruhanwillbegivingusalectureon"CatholicSocialPrinciples,"ascontainedin theSocialJusticepublicationfor thisyear.onNovember7,atthe CentralCatholicLibrary,Pierstreet.Parents,friends,and otherbranchesofbothMovenEntsareinvited,toattend,

HIGHGATEBRANCH.

TopayhomagetoChristour Leader,theHighgateBranchof theY.C.W.andN.C.G.M.attended MassandreceivedtheBlessedEucharistintheSacredHeart ChurchlastSunday.

Wearingtheiruniforms,the membersmarchedintothechurch precededbythebannerbearers. Upontheentranceofthecelebrant,thebranchChaplain,Rev. FatherBrennan,thebannersof bothMovementsweretakeninto thesanctuarybytwoYoung ChristianWorkers,whoheldthem unfurledandstoodtoattention throughouttheMassexceptfor theConsecration.TheMasswas servedbyYoungChristianWorkers,buttheresponsesweremade bythemembersofbothMovements.

ThecombinedY.C.W.-N.C.G.M. choirsangduringtheMass,and thecreditfortheirmostimpressivesingingisduemainlytothe abilityandpatienceoftheirinstructor.Mrs.Chauncey.

Dancesareheldfortnightlyin theParishHallThenextone willbeonFriday,November8,in thehall,atthejunctionofVincentandHaroldStreets.

MeetingNights.

Atthelastmeetingitwasdecidedtoreverttotheformersystemofmeetingnights,thatis everyTuesdayevening.

Sporting.

Cricketpracticewillbeheldat ForrestParknextSundayat 10.30a.m.

Itisintendedtohaveyachting tripsthisseason.AnyoneinterestedwillbeabletogetinformationfromDonSinclairorHumphreyGardineranyTuesday night.

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH.

CricketPractice.

Cricketpracticeisheldevery SundaymorningatGreenie Square.Theteamwillbechosen ontheformshownattraining.

Film.

OnSundayafternoonat2 o'clock,everybodyiswantedin thehall.Thisappliestothose inthecrowdscenesaswellasthe individualparts.

GeneralMeeting.

Therewillbeameetingon nextMondaynight,atwhichMr. E.O'BrienwillgiveatalkonCommunism.

BasketBall.

Afteraslightlullwiththeendingofthecompetition.thebasket ballisstartingagain.Bothseniorandjuniorteamsaretoberecruited.andamuchmorestrenuouseffortisbeingmadeinthis direction.Someofthestronger playershavebeenrearrangedin otherteams,andinthisway moreevengameswillresult.

SHENTONPARKBRANCH.

OnTuesdayevening,October 22,thefirstgeneralrallyofthe branchwasheldinSt.Aloysius' Upwardsof200guests wereinattendance.Wewere particularlypleasedtoseeavery good"rollup"ofthechapsofthe parish.Itaugurswellforthefutureofourbranch.Supperwas ablyandbeautifullyhandledby theCatholicWomen'sLeague,to whomweareextremelygrateful. AftersuppertheChaplain, FatherRyanintroducedtheclergy present-Rev.Dr.SullivanlDiocesanChaplain,Y.C.W.),Father McCaulFatherDePiazzi,Father BrennanandFatherO'Dwyer.Extendingaverywarmwelcometo allpresent,FatherRyanpointed outthemeaningandimportof therally,andexhortedtheyoung menoftheparishtorallytothe standardoftheY.C.W.Movement. Dr.Sullivanthengaveafine talkontheY.C.W.,layingparticularstressonthenecessityofdeterminationinY.C.W.members. Heexhortedustosticktoour postdespitediscouragementand disappointment.whichwillinevitablycome, FrankHackett.vice-presidentof theGroup,thankedDr.O'Sullivan forhisinterestingtalkandappealedveryforciblyforthehelp andco-operationoftheyoungmen oftheparish. AdancewillbeheldonTuesday,November5.

SUBIACOBRANCH.

Retreat.

Dance. Ournextdancewillbeheldon November9.

TableTennis.

Thetournamentisnowwelladvanced.fouronlybeingleftin, andfromthisstageonthegoing willbefastandfurious,Withonly thesemi-finalsandfinaltoplay.

Atrophyistobeawardedtothe branchchampion,

National Catholic Girls' MOVEMENT NEDLANDSBRANCH.

Dance.

ThenextdanceisonNovember9,andistobeintheformof a"BacktoChildhood"Carnival.

Sodigoutsomeofthoseforgotten frillyfrocksoroldschooluniforms andcomealong.

DancingClasses.

Infuturetheseclassesshallbe heldonalternateTuesdayevenings,from8to9o'clock. TennisParty.

OnMonday.November11,we havebookedtwocourtsinBroadwayfortheafternoon.Itistobe intheformofamedaltournament.SeemembersoftheMovementforfurtherparticulars.

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH. Rehearsals.

Everyoneinthefilm(bothprincipalsandthoseincrowdscenes') istobeattheHallat2p.m.on Sunday,November3,asMr.McPheeisgoingtostart"shooting." Barbecue,

OnFridaynext,November8,a BarbecueisbeingheldatScarborough.Truckswillbeleaving thehallat7p.m.sharp.

FREMANTLEBRANCH. IslandCruise.

OnNovember24,wearebound forGardenIsland.Thisisour firstY.C.W.-N.C.G.M.cruisebeyondFremantleHeads,andfor mostitwillbethefirsttriptothe islandsincebeforethewar.Ticketsareavailableat3/6each, Dances. OurMaskBallprovedtobean outstandingsuccess.Streamers andconfettiaddedtothecarnival effect,andFremantlewasthere. AtSt.Patrick'sHall,every Thursdaynight,ourdanceisheld

776HAYSTREET,PERTH (OppositeFoyandGibson).

LastTuesdayevening,EricCatlin(oneofWesternAustrala's delegatestotheY.C.W.ConferenceatNewcastle)gaveabrief outlineoftheconferenceandthe progressoftheMovementinthe EasternStates.Histalkwas,of necessityashortone,andwe.hope tohearmoreofhistravelslater on.

ARetreat,conductedbythe HolyNameSocietyforthemen oftheparish,tookplaceOROctober24to26,andtheY.C.W. tooka'fullpartintheexercises, whichconcludedwithattendance attheEucharisticProcessionheld atAquinasCollegetocelebrate theFeastofChristtheKing.The roll-upofmemberswasverysatisfying.

SURIACOBRANCH.

Aftera.longhardstruggle, whichlastedseveralweeks,the Quizhasnowbeencompleted. CongratulationstoHeatherand theotherfinalists.Thequizhas provedsopopularthatanother onehasbeenarrangedandwillbe startingshortly,so,quizites,be prepared.

Tabletennisseemssopopular, thatithasbeendecidedtohave aspecialnightforit.Thenight chosenfortabletennisisthe Tuesdayafterthegeneral,thatis everyalternateTuesdayafterphysicalculture.

Tennis.

St.Kevin'sTennisClubhasnow beentakenoverbytheY.C.W. andN.C.G.M.,thecommitteecomprising,membersfromeachMovement.'Anyonewishingtojoin canmakeenquiriesatthegeneral meeting.Thecourtsarebeing repairedanditshouldnotbelong beforetheyareingoodcondition.

TherewillbeapicnictoAraluenonSunday,November3. BusesleaveSt.Joseph'sat10.15. andticketsareobtainablefrom ThelmaMurray,price3s.

SATANISMINSCIENCE

(ContinuedfromPage3.) couldbeconvictedofsuchdeadlyresearchesandexperimentsas theirs,thenindeedtheywould haveanargumentatlast.In them,pridemaypreventtheabnegationoftheworld'srecords whichproducedforChristendoma St.'IgnatiusLoyolaoPa.St.FrancisXavier-butnobodycanstop themiftheydonotstopthemselves. Itisbitterlyamusinginourage toobservethefinemoralpassions whicharearousedagainstkings, againstLeopoldorUmberto,the worstofwhosetransgressionsare notcomparablewiththeproducp tionofthenewinstrumentsof death.Thewillingabdicationof oneofthekingsofadestructive sciencewouldbeaneventofgreatersignificanceforthepeopleof ouragethananyofthesepolitical campaigns,whichhavenorelation tothemenaceoverhangingus.

DUKEOFYORKHOTEL

NARROGIN

NewLounge,DiningRooms, andCommercialRooms.

ARTHURBOYLAN,Proprietor.

PederickContinualHotWater installedthroughout.

the Advertising Rates

Birth,Engagement,Marriage,Death,Funeral,InMemoriam, andBereavementNotices:4s.for3.5words;Id.perword over (EngagementAnnouncementsmustbesignedbybothparties) ReportsofFunerals:3s.persinglecolumninch'40wordstoan inch.

WeddingReports:3.spersinglecolumninch,forspaceused byblockandletterpress,pluscostofphoto.block.Reports withoutphoto4s.perinch.Reportstobesanctionedby ParishPriest.

ForSale,ToLet,Situations(WantedorVacant),andBoard andResidence:20wordsfor2/6;oved20,Id.perwordetxta. SchoolResultsmustbeaccompaniedbyletterofauthorisation andmustbetypewrittenorinblockletters,andwillbepublishedintheorderreceivedatthisoffice.

ContractRatesforgeneraladvertisingonapplicationtoAdvertisingManager.

TheManagementreservetherighttorefuseanyadvertisement itdeemsunsuitable.

TheManagementacceptsnoresponsibilityforanylosssustainedfromerrorsoromissionswhichmayoccurinadvertisements.

Allenquiriesconcerningadvertisingshouldbeaddressedto theAdvertisingManager,"TheRecord,"460HayStreet, Perth.'PHONE:/36950.

Hibernian-Australasian

Chesterton'sCharityWas apractical

"ToLoveEverythingAlive"

BYREV.J.F.CASSIDY.

Fewcareers,webelieve,soseverelytestthekindnessofaman a-thatdevotedtoliterature,for fewsotemptonetofeelsuperior toothersasthatwhichreveals unusualintellectualpower.Moreover,literarycriticismaudapologeticsarespheresofmentaleffort whichperhapsmorethanought elsetendtogeneratebitterness inothers.Yetdespiteexceptional triumph'swonbyfewinthesedomains,GK.Chestertonmanaged tobeoneofthekindestmenwho everyieldeda.pen Forallthe testingwaysofhiswork,hehabituallytried,inhisownwords,"to loveeverythingalive."Sowell, indeed,didhesucceedinthisendeavourthatoneofhisveryintimatefriends,MaxBeerbohm, caricaturedhintasa"Humanist KissingtheWorld."

Althoughearlyinhiscareer, journalisticsuccessesearnedfor himtheenvyanddislikeofsome forthesehecouldneverentertain artsbitterness.Writingabout thesepeoplein1901,hesaid:"For thefirsttimeIknowwhatis meantbytheword'enemies.'men whodeliberatelydislikeyduand opposeyourcareer-andthefunny thingis'thatIdon'tdislikethem atallmyself." Sowelldidhe succeedinmaintainingthiskindlyattitudetowardshostilepressmenthatultimatelyitalways changedthemintofriends.As H.G.Wellsinformsus,"noone everhadenmityforhimexcept someliterarymenwhodidnot knowhim."

Indebate,wherenastytempers aresoofteninevidence,forall hismasteryofquickrepartee,he waswell-knownforhiskindlyand Christianbehaviour.Noheatof argumentcouldpreventhimfrom beingsoremarkablyfairandgentlemanlytowardshisopponents

I.

M1158-

thatcontroversyneverdeveloped intoaseriousquarrel.Whenthe debateconcernedreligion,which withBaconChestertonbelievedto bethemostprovocativeofsubjects,hetookespecialcaresoto manipulateargumentsthatthe objectofhisattackclearlyappearedtobenotthemanbuthis views.

Asaliterarycritic,Chesterton's hearteverurgedhimtohealthe woundedfeelingsofthosewhose worksufferedathishands.When firstheactedasareaderfora publishinghousehemuch,disliked havingtoreturnmanuscripts. Whencompelledtodoso,healwayssoughttohavesomething encouragingtosaytodisappoint. edwriters.Inlikemanner,when asreviewer,hehadtocriticisea bookunfavourably,hesoughtas soonaspossibletodisplayhispersonalfriendshipforitsauthor.As anessayistandpoet,becauseof thebenevolenturgingsofhis heart,helikedtodealwiththemes whichbespokeGod'sloveformen. Itwasforthisreason,forinstance,thatthispartofhisliteraryworkhadsomuchtodowith Christmas,thefeastofloveand mercy.

Kind-heartedwaysalsocharacterisedhisrelationswithhissubordinatesinthehumdrumlifeof hisnewspaperoffice.Although here,irritatingthingsfrequently camehisway,hewasneverknown toheharshtowardsoffenders, evenwhentheseweresuchunimportantpeopleastypists,secretariesandofficeboys.Inthelight ofthesefactswecanwellunderstandwhyhissub-editor,Miss Dunham,paidthefollowingglowingtributetohiskindwaysinthe officeof"G.K.'sWeekly":"He wasso'kind.Henevergotangry.Ifhispapersblewaway, henevergotimpatient.Hispatiencehurtone."

Penandvoicewerenotthesole channelsthroughwhichflowed therichstreamofhiskindness.

0.a.C. -"hispatiencehurtone." edtoappeareitherthroughillness orforsomeotherreason.Little wonderthatthisfellowcameto believethatwhenhesoughtthe doorofhisbenefactorforthe usualgift,nooneshouldbarhis way.lOnedayhewasdiscovered fightingwithanothermanfardaringtostandbetweenhimandthe doostepofbounty.Such,indeed. wasChesterton'slovefordownand-outsthatitsufficedtoforge aclosefriendshipbetweennim andthoseswayedbysimilarsympathies.Itissaid.forinstance, thathisspeciallikingforGeorge Wyndhamwasduetothefact thatthelatter"hadahugesympathyforgypsiesandtramps."

waswonbySt.Mary's.CongratulationstoSt.Mary'sonwinning, andalsoonwinningalltheirmatchesfortheseason.

Discussiontookplaceregarding nextyear'sinter-branchcompetitions.Allbranchesaskedfor suggestionsand co-operation. Thankswereexpresselbythepresidenttoallbranchesontheir splendidco-operationduringthe 1946inter-branchcompetitions. rThenextmeetingwillbe'held onFriday,November1. Alldelegatesareaskedtoattend,asnext year'scompetitionswillbediscussed.

St.Mary'sBranch,Leederville.

Atthemeetingheldon23rd inst.,Messrs.W.R.Gartnerand JohnKeatingwerenominated, Thebranch'sNo. 1 badminton team,comprisingBros.P.Casey, G.Edwards,L.Harris,RoyPergusson,A.WillettandII.Wood. ings,wascongratulatedonhaving wontheinter-branchbadminton

competition.Theteamputupa splendidperformance,having gonethroughtheseasonwithout adefeat.Thebusinesswasdie posedofquicklytoenablemem. berstoattendtheinter-branchsocialatHighgate.Themeeting onWednesday,November6,will commenceat7.30,andageneral meetingoftennisclubmembers willbeheldafterthebranchmeet ing.Theofficersappealtoall membersofthetennisclubtoattendthismeeting,atwhichimportantbusinesswillbeconsidered. MembersareremindedoftheannualGeneralCommunionsaid breakfast,totake

190

Hisgenerouspurseproclaimedit intrumpettones.Hegavemuch moneytotheCatholicLandMovement.TotheCatholicChurchat Beaconsfieldhecontributedvery generously.Heeducatedseveral niecesandnephewsofhiswife.To friendsinfinancialdifficultieshe lentorgaveconsiderablesums. Helefthissecretary,MissDorothyCollins,somevaluableproperty.Hisgardenerhepaidwell whilstheallowedhimtoindulge inagenerousmeasureofidleness. Forbeggarshehadaspecial weakness.Speakingofhisgenerositytowardssuchpeople,Bellocassertsthat"hespentmoney likewater."Whatthisbounty waslike,wemaywellgaugefrom themannerinwhichtheneedy oncesoughthisassistanceina prominenthotelinWarsaw.Asa resultofhisgenerosity,theycame insuchnumberstoseekmore thatthemanagerofthehotelhad toentreathimnottobringallthe beggarsofthecityaroundhim! IntheUnitedStatesmoneyflowedsofreelyfromhispurseto thoseindistresswhosoughtit thatoneofhischauffeurssaid that"moneymeantnothingto him."

ItneveroccurredtoChesterton toquestionthoseseekinghisaid aboutthegenuinenessoftheir poverty.Thusithappenedthat comeofthemoredaringbeggars actedasiftheyconsideredhim boundtohelpthemregularly.One ofthese,forinstance,waswont tocallweeklyathishomeforten shillings.InsteadoftakingumbragethereatChestertonactually wenttothetroubleofmailinghim themoneywheneverthemanfail-

Benevolence,indeed,sopossessedhimthathisverypersonseemedtoradiateit.Testifyingto this,oneofhisfriendssays:"His extraordinarypersonalitywonderfullypenetratedtheeccentricity ofhisappearance.Hisfeatures wereslightlyfantasticandhis voicewasasloudlydiscordantas hislaughter;buttherealcharm andgenerosityofhischaracter weresotransparentthatone neverseemedtobeconsciousof thephysicalmedium." H

MetropolitanSocialCouncil.

Themeeting-heldonFriday,October18,waswellattended.Bro.

PagepresidedoverdelegatesrepresentingtheDistrictBoard,St Patrick's,Maylands,SouthPerth, EastVictoria%irk,ShentonPark. VictoriaPark,Leederville,andSubiaco.

Reportsrenderedtothepresidentwere:

Anenojyableeveningheldat ShentonParkonOctober11,in aidofCastledare.

CastledareFieldDayonOctober 13,waswellattendedbymembers.Thanksextendedtoall memberswhoassistedatthe sweetsstallandhorsewheel.The resultsoftheraffleswere:Boxof chocolates,No.D1960,Mrs.Keenan,1036Wellington-street:pair ofsilkstockings,Nd.D924,Mrs.J McKenzie,474 Fitzgerald-street, Northam:bottleofwhisky,No. D1976,Mrs.Scott,High-street. Fremantle.

Thesemi-finalsandfinalsofthe inter-branchtabletennisand quoits,heldatSubiacoonOctober10,werewellattended,and goodplaywitnessed.St.Pat rick'swerethewinners.Congratulations,St.Patrick's!

Thefirstsemi-finalofBadminton.heldonOctober14,waswon bySt.Mary'sNo.1 team,and thesecondsemi-finalwaswonby St.Kevin's.Thegrandfinal. playedonOctober17,between St.Mary'sNo.1andSt.Kevin's

Ihe Van or(

theLAND

hadabortionandmammitis,end manyweresterile.

Milkand'ManureTop Dressing

Tohaveabandonedaltogether theuseofartificialfertilisersand havetransformedinfourYears28 percent.ofsterilityinhisdairy herdintopercent.ofhiscows incalf,istheachievementofMr.

S.M.May,Tokoroa,R.D.,Putaruru.Mr.Mayisamemberof theN.Z.HumicCompostClub andoftheBio-DynamicAssociationofFarmersandGardeners.

Mr.Mayattributeshisresults mainlytohisuseofanoveltopdressing,consistingofcowyard washingsandskimmilkfermentedtogether.

Mr.Mayfarms266acresofpumicelands.Ofthis200acresare ingrassandcrops,andthebalanceinscrub.In1935and1936

Mr.Maytop-dressedhislandwith 3-cwt.ofsuperphosphatetothe acre.Hethenchangedtobasic slag,whichheappliedin1937and 1938at3cwt.peracre,Butfor someyearshehadbeenbecomingincreasinglydoubtfulabout thetruthofthetheoryofchemicalagriculture.

"Inthespringof1939,"saidMr. May,"Istartedfermentingmy cowyardandshedwashingswith skimmilkpumpedintoa3-gallon concretecistern.Iwaswarned byneighboursandothersthatif Iusedthisfortopdressingit mightcoarsenthegrassandlargelyeliminatethecloverfromme pasture.

Itdidneither.Onthecon trary,ononepaddockwhichhad aheavygrowthoftwitchandhad beentop-dressedwithnothingbut themilkandwashingsforthree years,thereisnowanincreasing growthofclover,timothyandryegrass.Thetwitchisdyingout

andtheothergrassesarereplacing itWhenIgotdownandparted thegrowthIfoundaninchof blackhumusontopofthesoil, andearthwormsinthousands."

Mr.Maysaidthatwhenheused torunonlythemanurewashings intothecisternitscontentsused tosmellsobadlythatonecould hardlybeartogonearit.But whenthemilkwasadded,anda frothyfermentationtookplace, thesmellstoppedandtheliquid becamequitesweetandpleasant toapply.

Mr.May'stop-dressingequipmentforapplyingtheliquidmanureisquitesimple.Itconsists ofa400-gallontankmountedona motor-truckandconnectedwitha troughpiercedwithholesandattachedtothebackofthetruck. Thetapofthetankissimply turnedonandthetruckdriven rapidlyoverthepaddocks.

Mr.Mayipssthatthisisnot,of course,anlirdealmethod,butit servesuntilhecan'secureabetter appliance.Ittakesabout'three daystofillthecistern,whichholds sufficienttocoverapproximately uneacre.Eightyacresaretopdressedthuseachyear.Inthe flushoftheseasontheliquidis abouthalfshedwashingsandhalf skimmilk,butlaterintheseasonthereisalargerproportionof washings.Mr.Mayhasused wheyinsteadofskimmilkwith goodresults,butobservesthat theskimmilkisbetter.

Speakingoftheresultsofthis manure,Mr.Maysaidthatbefore heusedithiscowswereroughcoatedandobviouslynotingood health.Heusedtoloseupto one-thirdoftheminayear.They

£330ADa

W.A.T.A.PaysTheGovernment

TheStateGovernmenthosbeenabiggainerbythe W.A.TrottingAssociationtakingoversomeEastPerth marshlandandconvertingitintothepresentbeautiful GloucesterPark.

GoodmanagementatGloucesterPorkhasmadetrottingthekingofsports,andlastyeartheassociation paidtotheGovernmentastotalisatorandentertainmenttaxnolessthan£120,373.Thatequals£330a day-allbut5/-foreveryoneofthe365daysinthe year.

TrottingIsTheKingOf SportsInWesternAustralia

÷ DEATHS 014

DUNK.-OnFriday,October18, atPerthHospital,MissMary EllenDunn,of45Leonardstreet,VictoriaPark,beloved AuntofErnestJohnFarmer andJohnAlbertFarmer,devotedsisterofFannyTeresa(Mrs. Farmer,deceased):andSophia Jane(deceased/aged79years. SacredHeartof'Jesus,have mercyonhersoul.

RequiescatinPace.

O'NEILL-OnSeptember,12at St.JohnofGodHospital,Mary, lovingsisterofAnnieStokes, WestLeederville. SweetJesus,havemercyonher soul.

014INMEMORIAM 014

OnService.

BRIGHTON.-Pleaseprayforthe reposeofthesoulofourdear sonandbrother,Bill,killedin Canada,October30,1943. Everlovinglyremembered.

'In1941ninetwo-yearheifers wereincalfoutoftwenty-four. Thisyearthewholeherdof125 cowsandheiferswenttothesame bullsasbefore,andonlyoneheiferandoneoldcowwereempty. Oftwenty-onetwo-yearhteifees, everyonewasincalf.Theherd's productionaveraged2711bs.ofbutterfatpercow.TheyareFriesians. Measuringthehealthofhisherd alsoagainsttheill-healththatis nowsocommoninNewZealand dairyherds,Mr.Maymentioned that.accordingtoofficialfigures publishedinthePress,mortality figuresinonedistrictshowedthat duringthespringanaverakeof ?,000cowsdiedpermonth,and inotherplacestheywerenot muchbetter,Howmuchhealth couldweexpecttogetfromthe butterandmilkproducedfrom suchherds?

Mr.Maysaidthatthreedays afterhefirstusedthemilk-andmanuretopdressinghenoticed changeinthecolourofthegrass fromayellowishgreentoahealthyblue-green.Whenhefirst wentonthefarmtherewashardlyanearthwormtobeseen,even afterrain.Nowtherewerethousands.Therewasnowalsoamost prolificgrowthofmushrooms, whereasonneighbouringfarms, whereorthodoxtopdressingseas donewithsuperphosphate,mushroomswereextremelyscarce.

SOUTEMESTDAIRYPROPERTY(BY248R': 446'acs.freeholdland,situate2 milesfromrail.Rainfall36in. 136acs,underpasture,fencedand wateredbycreek,springsand equippedwell.W.B.cottageof 5rooms,dairyandusualoutbuildings.Iac.orchard,10acs.of oatcrop,50acs.semi-swamp.23 ped.cattle,11gradecowsand calves,horsesandpigsandfull plantincluding2-unitG.U.B. milkingmachineandengine, PRICE:£4.000,W.I.W.O.Terms arranged. Forfurtherparticularsapply toGOLDSBROUGH,MORT& COMPANY,LIMETED,PERTH. BRANCHESANDAGENTS.

HATANNINGDISTRICTGRAZ-

BOYLAN.-Ofyourcharity,pray forthesoulofMargaret,loving wifeofJack.andmotherofJosephineandJackie,whodiedOctober28,1935.

CONNOLLY.-Inaffectionatere membranceofmybrother,WilliamMartin,killedinaction, Alamein,October31,1942. Whentheroadwashard,no complainingthen,norownlife regard.OneofAustralia'sfinestmen.

-InsertedbyJohn.

DOWLEY.--InlovingremembranceofthelateE.P.Dowley, R.M.,I.S.O.,whodiedNovember1,1934. SacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhissoul.

MILLER-Ofyourcharity,pray forthereposeofthesoulof FrancisJosephMiller,whodied onNovember2,1935,atKal goorlie. SacredHeartofJesus.have mercyonhim.Immaculate HeartofMary,prayforhim. --Insertedbyhislovingwife andfamily. MILLER.--Infondmemoryof ourdearDad.F.J.Miller,who departedthislifeNovember2, 1935. ImmaculateHeartofMary,your prayersforhimextol. MostSacredHeartofJesus, havemercyonhissoul. -InSertedbyhislovingdaugh terandson-in-law,A.andHMul. doon.

0'OALLAGHA.N--Inloving memoryofourdearwifeand mother,ElizabethFrances,who departedthislifeonOctober26, 1933. R.I.P. Everrememberedbyhersorrowinghusbandandfamily (Beverley'. Timepasses,butmemoriesstay, AsnearanddearasYesterday.

O'DONNELL-Ofyourcharity, prayforthereposeofthesouls ofMaryO'Donnell,vihodepartedthislifeNovember5,1946, andMaryMurphy,November9, 1943. SacredHeartofJesus,have mercyontheirsouls, -Insertedbytheirnieceand sister,DorisMurphy.

RYAN.-Inlovingmemoryofour husbandandfather,Denis Ryan,whodiedOctober28,1943. Eternalrestgranttohim,0 Lord,andletperpetuallight shineuponhim. -Insertedbyhiswifeandson.

WANTED.

Wantedbyelderlywidow,unfurnishedRoomandKitchenette,or Sleep-out;nearR.C.Church;any suburb;mustbequiet.Apply N12,thisoffice,

STANO'BRIEN, COURTHOTEL

PERTH Phoner142$1.

HOTELBEACONSFIELD nom= OverlookingtheOcean, SuperiorAccommodaSea ModoroleCar M.BYRNE(LateofGrandand ShamrockHotels,Boulder.)

ALEXRODOREDA

TurfCommissionAgent 902HAYSTREET AGENTFORW.A.CHARITIES. Rh*Miland115231.

Star&GarterHotel

BERTSTARR-Proprietor.

Cnr.HANNANandNETHERCOTT STREETS,EALGOORIJE.

INGPROPERTY(KA2ITAK 1,600acs.freeholdland.all cleared,situate41milesfromsidingandschool-buspasses.Rainfall18in.TimberedwithYorkgumandjam.Fencedwith6 wires-16paddocks.Verywell wateredby1dam,6soaks,rum ningcreeksallyearround, 8roomedbrickhouse,withverandahbarkandfront.Telephone. 17.000gal.undergroundtankwaterlaidontobathroomand kitchen-allmodern. Married rmn'squarters,shearingandmachinerysheds-allbrick:hayshed, 18-horsestonestables;blacksmith'sshop.2-bailcowshed,pig sties.Goodorchard.Average yield27bushelsoatsand32tons hay:carryingcapacity1,800sheep. 150pigs,23horses,18cattle. PRICE:f.5peracrecashbare. Thisisoneoftheoldestproper. tiesinthedistrictandinspection isrecommended. Forfurtherparticularsapply to---410711XIBROUGH,MORT& 40111PANT,11131ITED,PERTH. BRANCHESANDAGENTS.

REVIVALOFRELIGIOUS OUTLOOKEXPECTEDIN

.NORWAY

GeorgePettingiel,SafetyBay:

Ihaveanother;otterfromMr. Pettingiel,and,asyouwouldexpect,itisaveryniceone.He

%rites:

"Itiswithgreatinterestthat Ilistenedtoyouranswerstomy questions,andIwasthoroughly satisfiedwiththemall.Thank youeversomuch.Regarding Norway.AlthoughIamwell awarethatthenationalreligion isAnglicanLutheran,atfirstit wasGermanLutheran.Nowthat Norwayhastastedtothefullthe ironheelofGermanoppression, whatdoyouthinkthereaction willbeasregardsLutheranism there,orwilltherebeanyreactionatall?"

A.:AsNazismwasanti-ChristianandastheNazityrantspersecutedtheLutheranChurchin Germany,aswellastheCatholic Church,itmaybepresumedthat theLutheranssufferedequallyin Norwayduringtheoccupation. Wemayexpectthereforearevivalofreligiousoutlookandferyour.

Mr.Pettingielcontinues:

"Iwasundertheimpression that,ifanon-Catholicattended servicesinyourChurchanddid notcaretobefullyconverted,his presencewouldbeconsidereddisturbingtothepeopleintheirdivineconcentrations,andthatthe priestswouldratherthatthatpersonshouldstayawayunlesshe waswillingtobeginconversion.Is thattrue?"

A.:No,Idon'tthinkso.The presenceofapersonobviouslyof good-willandwhoattendsduring Masswithreverenceandwithan earnestdesiretoprayandtolove God,couldnotpossiblybethe sourceofdisturbanceordispleasureeithertopriestsorpeople.

Youcontinue:

Itisnotaquestionofwhata manfeels;itiswhatamanbelievesanddoesinobedienceto thecommandsofJesusChrist, whichwefindinHisHolyGospels.StudytheNewTestament, Mr.Pettingielandyouwillfind outhowOurDivineLordwants ustoserveHim,bybeingactive membersofHisChurch.

AndrememberwhatIsaidina recentsession,manisnotapure individualistic;heisasocialbeing, andthewholehumanraceare God'schildren.AlmightyGodrequires,infact,hasalwaysrequiredfromHishumancreatures, apubliccollectiveactofworship. Mr.Pettingielconcludeshisletterasfollows:

BIGOTRYSHOULDBE SHUNNED

"Inconcluding,Iwishtoexpressmyopinionofthosepeople whowriteuseless,insultingletters.suchasIknowyoureceive. SuchlettersshowadefiniteunChristianspirit.Iguessitwas suchpeoplewhowereilltreated inbygonedays.Toliveandlet liveismymotto.Ijudgeaman bythegoodhestrivestodoand rotbytheflagheflies.Yes, theselettersaredefinitelythe mediumbywhichillfeelingis cleated,andaremostunkindanyhow.Thankingyouonceagain."

Well,Mr.Pettingiel.yourletter makesupfor20ofthekindyou speakof.Youknowitdoesencourageonewhoistryingtohelp, togetakindly,sympatheticletter likeyours.Thankyou,indeed, Mr.Pettingiel.

exampleoftheManofGalilee?

Hasshenot,whenshegainedsufficientpower,actedmorelikea crueltyrantthanaChristian Church?Doesnothistoryreveal thefactthattheworstperiodof thisworldwasthetimewhenthe ChurchdominatedtheState?Is thisperiodnotreferredtoinhistoryasthe'DarkAges'?Dowe notreadofthosewhocouldnot conscientiouslyseetheirwayclear toaccepttheteachingsoftheCatholicfaithbeingpersecuted,terriblytortured,inanefforttoforce themtoaccepttheCatholicreligion?"

A.:WellYouhavegotitoff yourchestanyway;andthatisa goodthing.Iambeginningto waversomewhatinmyrespectfor yourknowledgeofthingshistorical,andinyourpowertodistinguishbetweenfactandfiction. Inuhavetrundledoutalltheold parapharnalaofthelyinganddishonesthereticswhobrokeaway fromtheCatholicChurchinthe religiousupheavalofhe16th.century.Historyisnotwrittenthat waynowinthis,theXXth.century.

Thiswastheperiodinwhichthe barbariansoverranthedecaying RomanEmpire,devastatingits noblecitiesandravagingitsfertilefields,creatingavastNoMan'sLandofwhatoncewerethe richestprovincesoftheEmpire. Thesenomadtribes,following eachotherinwaveafterwave fromthebarbaricandteeming East-thesamethenassheistoday-hadnotyetlearnedtosettle intownsnortotilltheland. Theydestroyedalltraceoforderedruleorwhatweshouldcall to-day,theState.Itwasthe ChurchandtheMonksofSt. Benedictthatbroughtorderin thischaos,teachingthebarbariansChristianity,theprinciplesof SocialLifeandmethodsofAgriculture.AsProfessorChristopher Dawsonwritesinhiswork,"The MakingofEurope":"Whenthe WesternEmpirefell,theChurch wasnotinvolvedinitsdisaster. Itwasaself-governingorder whichpossesseditsownprinciple ofunityanditsownorgansofsocialauthority.Itwasableat oncetobecometheheirandrepresentativeoftheoldRoman cultureandtheteacherandguide ofthenewbarbarianpeoples." (page46,op.cit.l

"Ifamanfindsgreatdivinein spiration,sufficienttosatisfyhis spiritualneeds,amidsttherealms ofnature,andifheseesinevery thingtherethepresenceofGod, whyisitnecessarythatheshould attendreligiousservicesorattach himselftoanyparticulardenomination?"

WHYBELONGTOANY PARTICULAR DENOMINATION?

A.:BecauseAlmightyGodcame oneartgandtookahumannaturelikeours,andrevealedto mankindthetruthaboutGod's purposeincreatingmanandthe waythatGodhadordainedthat manshouldworkouthissalvation.HefoundedaChurchto. bethemeansofsalvationandto whichallmenshouldbelong;He gavetoIbisChurchalltheboundlesstreasuresofDivineGrace,to hedistributedtomankindbythe mediumoftheSacramentsHeinstituted.HegaveHisownDivineAuthoritytoHisChurchto rule'andteachandmakemen holy.Hesaid:"Hethatbelievethandisbaptisedwillbesaved." "HethatconfessesMebeforemen, IshallconfesshimbeforeMy Fatherwhoisinheaven."

IfamanwishestodoGod's Willonearth,hemustbeamemberofthisChurch.Inother words,ifhewishestosavehisimmortalsoulandbewithGodfor alleternity,hemustdowhat Christhasrevealedtousasnecessary.

Ishouldlike.Listeners,totake theopportunityaffordedbyMr. Pettingiel'scondemnationofthe ignorant,bigotedlettersthat sometimescomealongto"The CatholicAnswer."torepeatfor thebenefitofall,thepurposesof thissessionandthepolicyIendeavourtofollowinconducting it "TheCatholicAnswer"invitesenquiriesabouttheCatholicChurchorherteachingfrom thosewhoarereallyinterested andgenuinelyseekinformationor enlightenment,orevenhelpinreligiousproblems.Suchenquiries, andonlysuch.willreceiveananswertotheirquestions,andthat answer,wehope,willbegivenin asfriendlyandassimpleamanneraspossible,inthehopethat itmayhelptobringlightand peacetomenofgoodwill.All listeners,Ifancy,knowbythis, thatwedonotshirk,naywewelcome,theshrewdthrustsand sturdyblowsofthosewhodon't agreewithus.Forthosewho arevulgarordishonest,wehave nothingbutpity.Theydon't playthegame!

HASCATHOLICCHURCH FOLLOWEDCHRIST'S EXAMPLE?

Anyunbiassedmanorwoman whotakesupseriouslythestudy ofthehistoryoftheChristian Churchfromthebeginningcannot tailtorecognisethegloriousand divineworkshehasaccomplished intheworld.Tothosewhofrom theirreadingin'theworksofantiquity,knowthestateofthe paganworldbeforetheestablishmentoftheCatholicChurchby ChristOurLord,andwhocontemplateinthepagesofhistorythe transformationbroughtaboutby thepowerofGodthroughHis Churchinthemindsandhearts andlivesofmankind,cannotfail torealisethatitwasthespirit ofHerDivineFounder-theMan ofGalilee-thatconqueredthe heartsofmen.Surelyyouknow thatthecountlessmillions throughoutthecenturieswho gavetheirheartsandsoulsto Christ--whoconqueredprideby humility,avaricebyalms-giving, crueltybymercy-wereallliving membersoftheCatholicChurch. drawingtheirinspirationand strengthfromherteachingsand fromherHolySacraments.What arrantnonsensetotalkofthe Churchbeingacruelandbloody tyrant.Doesanyrationalperson believethatsuchaChurchwould havebroughtholinessandhappinessthroughpeaceofconscience togenerationaftergenerationfor 2,000years.Nosuchaccusations arebutthedastardlyweaponsof theSpiritofEvilthatisever activetodestroytheworkof Christinsouls.ItisthatverySpiritthetisrampantto-day,in avastconspiracyoffalsehood,injusticeandcruelviOlence,endeavourstorepresenttheChurchas theenemyofdemocracy,andto alienatethefaithfulfromtheir bishopsandclergy.

M.Porter,WestLeederville: ''Ilistenwithinterestevery Sundaynighttoyourbroadcast. Youhaveverykindlyanswered myquestionspreviously,andI wouldliketoasksomemore.I believethat.thetrueChurchwill bebuiltontheteachingsofChrist andtheApostlesandProphets.

ButisittheCatholicChurch?

TheBiblesays,"Bytheirfruits yeshallknowthem."Takingthe historyoftheCatholicChurch fromitscommencementabout300 YearsafterChrist,whatdowe findWhatkindoffruitagehas sheborne?Hasshefollowedthe

WHY"DARKAGES"ARE SOCALLED

Yousay:"Doesnothistoryre

Theonlylightthatshonein theseDarkAgeswastheLightof ChristianFaithandtheLightof ChristianCulture.Thanksto

bothofthesethereemergedfrom thelongcenturiesoftheChurch's laboursatrueNewOrder-anew erainwhichtheBeaconLightof Christianityshonetriumphant overEurope-thosecenturiesof spiritual,intellectualandartistic vitalityweknowastheAgesof Faith.Theagesthatgaveus Dante,St.ThomasAquinas,St. LouisofFrance,theCrusades,the gloriousCathedralsofEngland andtheContinent,thegreatmonastichouses,centresoflearning andofChristiancharity,thefamousUniversities,asOxfordand Cambridge,theTradesGuilds. AgesinwhichtheChurchdidnot "dominate,"butratherinwhich allmenlookedto'heCatholic Churchastoamother;when Rulerandthoseheruledallbelievedthesametruthsandpartookofthesamelife-givingSacraments.Evilmentherewillalwaysbe,forallmenarechildren ofafallenrace:evilitselfwill eventainttheverycustodiansof holinessandcreepintothemost sacredoffices;butthisdoesnot taintthetruthnorsabotagesacredauthority.TheCatholic Churchsetsherfacealwaysagainstallevil.whetheritbeinKing orserf,Bishoporclerk.Sheasks foronlyonekindofdominationthedominationoverEvil:She fightsforoneonlycause-theTriumphofTruthandJustice.

gelMAN rifetyWOMAN can,stavethetonic benefitsofMalt. andHopsso generouslyused anaidtoAppetite akelptoHealli

vealthefactthattheworstperiodofthisworldwasthetime whentheChurchdominatedthe State?Isthisperiodnotreferredtoinhistoryasthe'Dark Ages'?"

Answer:Anyhistorianworthy ofthenamewilltellyouthat theDarkAgesdatefromabout theyears400totheyear800.I referyouforonetotheworkof ProfessorSirCharlesOman,of Oxford,entitled"TheDarkAges"

REVIVALOFRELIGIOUS OUTLOOKEXPECTEDIN NORWAY

GeorgePettingiel,SafetyBay: IhaveanotherletterfromMr. Pettingiel,and,asyouwouldexpect,itisaveryniceone.He rites:

"Itiswithgreatinterestthat listenedtoyouranswerstomy question-,andIwasthoroughly satisfiedwiththemall.Thank youeversomuch.Regarding Norway.'AlthoughIamwell awarethatthenationalreligion isAnglicanLutheran,atfirstit wasGermanLutheran.Nowthat Norwayhastastedtothefullthe ironheelofGermanoppression, whattoYouthinkthereaction stillbeas regardsLutheranism there,orwilltherebeanyreactionatall?"

A.:AsNazismwasanti-ChristianandastheNazityrantsper theLutheranChurchin Germany,aswellastheCatholic 'hurch.itmayhepresumedthat theLutheranssufferedequallyin Norwayduringtheoccupation. Wemayexpectthereforearevivalofreligiousoutlookandferyour.

Mr.Pettingielcontinues:

"Iwasundertheimpression that,ifanon-Catholicattended servicesinyourChurchand(lid notcaretobefullyconverted,his presencewouldbeconsidereddisturbingtothepeopleintheirdivineconcentrations,andthatthe priest,wouldratherthatthatpersonshouldstayawayunlesshe waswillingtobeginconversion.Is thattrue?"

A.:No.don'tthinkso.The presenceofapersonobviouslyof good-willandwhoattendsduring Masswithreverenceandwithan earnestdesiretoprayandtolove God,couldnotpossiblybethe sourceofdisturbanceordispleasureeithertopriestsorpeople.

Youcontinue:

Itisnotaquestionofwhata mantook;itiswhatamanbelievesanddoesinobedienceto thecommandsofJesusChrist, whichwefindinHisHolyGospels.StudytheNewTestament, Mr.Pettingielandyouwillfind outhowOurDivineLordwants ustoserveHim,bybeingactive membersofHisChurch.

AndrememberwhatIsaidina recentsession,manisnotapure individualistic;heisasocialbeing, andthewholehumanraceare God'schildren.AlmightyGodrequires,infact,hasalwaysrequiredfromHishumancreatures, apubliccollectiveactofworship.

Mr.Pettingielconcludeshisletterasfollows:

BIGOTRYSHOULDBE SHUNNED

"Inconcluding,Iwishtoexpressmyopinionofthosepeople whowriteuseless,insultingletters.suchasIknowyoureceive. SuchlettersshowadefiniteunChristianspirit.Iguessitwas suchpeoplewhowereilltreated inbygonedays.Toliveandlet liveismymotto.Ijudgeaman bythegoodhestrivestodoand rotbytheflagheflies.Yes, theselettersaredefinitelythe mediumbywhichillfeelingis cleated.andaremostunkindanyhow.Thankingyouonceagain."

exampleoftheManofGalilee?

Hasshenot,whenshegainedsufficientpower,actedmorelikea crueltyrantthanaChristian Church?Doesnothistoryreveal thefactthattheworstperiodof thisworldwasthetimewhenthe ChurchdominatedtheState?Is thisperiodnotreferredtoinhistoryasthe'DarkAges'?Dowe notreadofthosewhocouldnot conscientiouslyseetheirwayclear toaccepttheteachingsoftheCatholicfaithbeingpersecuted,terriblytortured,inanefforttoforce themtoaccepttheCatholicreli. gion?"

A.:WellYouhavegotitoff yourchestanyway;andthatisa goodthing.Iambeginningto waversomewhatinmyrespectfor yourknowledgeofthingshistorical,andinyourpowertodistinguishbetweenfactandfiction.

Thiswastheperiodinwhichthe barbariansoverranthedecaying RomanEmpire,devastatingits noblecitiesandravagingitsfertilefields,creatingavastNoMan'sLandofwhatoncewerethe richestprovincesoftheEmpire. Thesenomadtribes,following eachotherinwaveafterwave fromthebarbaricandteeming East-thesamethenassheistoday-hadnotyetlearnedtosettle intownsnortotilltheland. Theydestroyedalltraceoforderedruleorwhatweshouldcall to-day,theState.Itwasthe ChurchandtheMonksofSt. Benedictthatbroughtorderin thischaos,teachingthebarbariansChristianity,theprinciplesof SocialLifeandmethodsofAgriculture.AsProfessorChristopher Dawsonwritesinhiswork,"The MakingofEurope":"Whenthe WesternEmpirefell,theChurch wasnotinvolvedinitsdisaster. Itwasaself-governingorder whichpossesseditsownprinciple ofunityanditsownorgansofsocialauthority.Itwasableat oncetobecometheheirandrepresentativeoftheoldRoman cultureandtheteacherandguide ofthenewbarbarianpeoples." page46,op.cit.) Theonlylightthatshonein theseDarkAgeswastheLightof ChristianFaithandtheLightof ChristianCulture.Thanksto

"Ifamanfindsgreatdivineinspiration,sufficienttosatisfyhis spiritualneeds,amidsttherealms ofnature,andifheseesinevery thingtherethepresenceofGod, whyisitnecessarythatheshould attendreligiousservicesorattach himselftoanyparticulardenomination?"

WHYBELONGTOANY PARTICULAR DENOMINATION?

A.:BecauseAlmightyGodcame earthandtookahumannaturelikeours,andrevealedto mankindthetruthaboutGod's ;urposeincreatingmanandthe waythatGodhadordainedthat wanshouldworkouthissalvation.HefoundedaChurchto loethemeansofsalvationandto whichallmenshouldbelong;Ile avetoHisChurchalltheboundlesstreasuresofDivineGrace,to bedistributedtomankindbythe :rediumoftheSacramentsHeinstituted.HegaveHisownDivineAuthoritytoHisChurchto rule'andteachandmakemen holy.Ilesaid:"Hethatbelievthandisbaptisedwillbesaved." "HethatconfessesMebeforemen, IshallconfesshimbeforeMy Fatherwhoisinheaven."

Well.Mr.Pettingiel,yourletter makesupfor20ofthekindyou speakof.Youknowitdoesencourageonewhoistryingtohelp, togetakindly,sympatheticletter likeyours.Thankyou,indeed, Mr.Pettingiel. Ishouldlike.Listeners,totake theopportunityaffordedbyMr. Pettingiel'scondemnationofthe ignorant,bigotedlettersthat sometimescomealongto"The CatholicAnswer."torepeatfor thebenefitofall,thepurposesof thissessionandthepolicyIendeavourtofollowinconducting it."TheCatholicAnswer"invitesenquiriesabouttheCatholicChurchorherteachingfrom thosewhoarereallyinterested andgenuinelyseekinformationor enlightenment,orevenhelpinreligiousproblems.Suchenquiries, andonlysuch.willreceiveananswertotheirquestions,andthat answer,wehope,willbegivenin asfriendlyandassimpleamanneraspossible,inthehopethat itmayhelptobringlightand peacetomenofgoodwill.All listeners,Ifancy,knowbythis, thatwedonotshirk,naywewelcome,theshrewdthrustsand sturdyblowsofthosewhodon't agreewithus.Forthosewho arevulgarordishonest.wehave nothingbutpity.Theydon't playthegame'

HASCATHOLICCHURCH FOLLOWEDCHRIST'S EXAMPLE?

M.Porter,WestLeederville:

nuhavetrundledoutalltheold parapharnalaofthelyinganddishonesthereticswhobrokeaway fromtheCatholicChurchinthe religiousupheavalofhe16th.century.Historyisnotwrittenthat waynowinthis,theXXth.century. Anyunbiassedmanorwoman whotakesupseriouslythestudy ofthehistoryoftheChristian Churchfromthebeginningcannot failtorecognisethegloriousand divineworkshehasaccomplished intheworld.Tothosewhofrom theirreadingintheworksofantiquity,knowthestateofthe paganworldbeforetheestablishmentoftheCatholicChurchby ChristOurLord,andwhocontemplateinthepagesofhistorythe transformationbroughtaboutby thepowerofGodthroughHis Churchinthemindsandhearts andlivesofmankind,cannotfail torealisethatitwasthespirit ofHerDivineFounder-theMan ofGalilee-thatconqueredthe heartsofmen.Surelyyouknow thatthecountlessmillions throughoutthecenturieswho gavetheirheartsandsoulsto Christ-whoconqueredprideby humility,avaricebyalms-giving. crueltybymercy-wereallliving membersoftheCatholicChurch. drawingtheirinspirationand strengthfromherteachingsand frontherHolySacraments.What arrantnonsensetotalkofthe Churchbeingacruelandbloody tyrant.Doesanyrationalperson believethatsuchaChurchwould havebroughtholinessandhappinessthroughpeaceofconscience togenerationaftergenerationfor 2,000years.Nosuchaccusations arehutthedastardlyweaponsof theSpiritofEvilthatisever activetodestroytheworkof Christinsouls.Itisthatvery Spiritthatisrampantto-day,in avastconspiracyoffalsehood,injusticeandcruelviolence,endeavourstorepresenttheChurchas theenemyofdemocracy,andto alienatethefaithfulfromtheir bishopsandclergy.

-Ilistenwithinterestevery Sundaynighttoyourbroadcast. Youhaveverykindlyanswered myquestionspreviously,andI wouldliketoasksomemore.I believethatthetrueChurchwill bebuiltontheteachingsofChrist andtheApostlesandProphets.

TiamanwishestodoGod's Willonearth,hemustbeamemLerofthisChurch.Inother words,ifhewishestosavehisimmortalsoulandbewithGodfor alleternity,hemustdowhat Christhasrevealedtousasnecessary.

ButisittheCatholicChurch?

TheBiblesays,"Bytheirfruits yeshallknowthem."Takingthe historyoftheCatholicChurch fromitscommencementabout300 YearsafterChrist,whatdowe findWhatkindoffruitagehas sheborne?Hasshefollowedthe

WHY"DARKAGES"ARE SOCALLED

Yousay:"Doesnothistoryrevealthefactthattheworstperiodofthisworldwasthetime whentheChurchdominatedthe State?Isthisperiodnotreferredtoinhistoryasthe'Dark Ages'?"

Answer:Anyhistorianworthy ofthenamewilltellyouthat theDarkAgesdatefromabout theyears400totheyear800.I referyouforonetotheworkof ProfessorSirCharlesOman,of Oxford.entitled"TheDarkAges."

bothofthesethereemergedfrom thelongcenturiesoftheChurch's laboursatrueNewOrder-anew erainwhichtheBeaconLightof Christianityshonetriumphant overEurope-thosecenturiesof spiritual,intellectualandartistic vitalityweknowastheAgesof Faith.Theagesthatgaveus Dante,St.ThomasAquinas,St. LouisofFrance,theCrusades,the gloriousCathedralsofEngland andtheContinent,thegreatmonastichouses,centresoflearning andofChristiancharity,thefamousUniversities,asOxfordand Cambridge,theTradesGuilds. AgesinwhichtheChurchdidnot "dominate,"butratherinwhich allmenlookedto'heCatholic Churchastoamother:when Rulerandthoseheruledallbelievedthesametruthsandpartookofthesamelife-givingSacraments.Evilmentherewillalwaysbe.forallmenarechildren ofafallenrace:evilitselfwill eventainttheverycustodiansof holinessandcreepintothemost sacredoffices:hutthisdoesnot taintthetruthnorsabotagesacredauthority.TheCatholic Churchsetsherfacealwaysagainstallevil.whetheritheinKing orserf,Bishoporclerk.Sheasks foronlyonekindofdominationthedominationoverEvil:She fightsforoneonlycause-theTriumphofTruthandJustice.

gayA rif,WOMAN cartstavetitzbide benefitsofMalt

Hopsso generouslyused

Makeyourownaccessories frommaterialsofferingin Foy'snewHomecraftSection. Hereyoumaypurchasespeciallyselectedskinsinsuitable lengthsforbags,belts,dress trimmings,cushions,table centres,etc.,atveryreasonableprices.Youwillfindthese materialsdelightfullyeasyto makeupandtheresultswill thrillyou.

Feltisanotherexcitingmediumthatoffersunlimited scopeforyouringenuity.Itis onsaleinFoy'sHomecraft Sectioninmanylovelycolours. Hereisagrandopportunityfor youtosavemoneybymaking yourownChristmasgiftsthis year.

mileAWHILE

Thebosswasgivingajunior memberofthefirmalectureon success.

"Yes,youngman,"saidhe,"I'm aself-mademan.Istartedatthe bottombyrentinganempty house,andbysheerhardwork builtthebusinesstowhatitis to-day.Youcoulddothesame ifyousetyourmindonit."

"ByJove,sir,Iwill!"criedthe youthenthusiastically."Tellme, sir,wherecanIfindanempty house?"

* She:WhenMrs.Joneswaspulledoutofthewaterherhusband gaveherartificialrespiration."

He:"Joneswasalwaysamean chap.He'srichenoughtogive hertherealthing."

"There'ssuchathingasoverdoingthislookingonthebright sidebusiness,"saidBillings."The othereveningIwasatBrown's, andBrown-youknowhowabsent-mindedheis-putthelightedendofacigarinhismouth. Hejumpedthreefeet,rolledon thefloor,andwasalittlenoisy aboutit.Inthemiddleofitall Mrs.Brown,smilingsweetly,said: 'Howfortunateyouwere,dear,to discoveritsosoon!"

Friend:"WhydidYouinsiston yourdaughter'sboyfriendstayingatyourhomeforawhole month?"

Father:"Iwantedtofindout, beforeIgavemyconsenttotheir marriage,whetherIcouldafford toboardhim."

"Andwhat,"askedthechiefof theCannibalIslands,inhiskindesttones."wasYourbusinessbeforeyouwerecapturedbymy men?"

"Iwasanewspaperman,"answeredthecaptive.

"Aneditor"

"No,merelyasub-editor."

"Cheerup,youngman!Promotionawaitsyou.Afterdinner youshallbeeditor-in-chief."

"ByJove,"saidastrangerata dance,"whatalongandlanky girlthatisoverthere!"

"Hush!"hishostwhispered. "Sheusedtobelongandlankybutnowadaysshe'stallandstately She'sjustinheritedtwenty thousandofthebest."

* * "Iamgladyouwerethere,my boy,"saidMrs,StormingtonBarnesinexultation."Iamglad Youwerethere!Ihadtheaudiencespell-bound,didn'tI?"

"Why-er-itseemedtomethat theydidn'tapplaudverymuch."

"That'sjustit.Ihad'emso interestedinwhatIwassaying thattheydidn'tevendareapplaudforfearthey'dmisssome ofit."

LittleJeanhadbeenforacar rideintothecountry,andwas tellinghermotherallabout.

"Andisn'titfunny,Mummy," shesaid,"whatalotofcottages arecalled'NoEggs.'?"

"FromwhatIhear,yourwife isabitofanangel."

"Oh,rather.She'salwaysgoing upintheairandharpingon somethingorother!"

Wife:"Youareamemberofso manyclubs-can'tIbecomea memberofone?"

Husband:"Whatcouldyoudo inamen'sclub?"

Wife:"Well,atleastIcould spendoneeveningaweekwith you."

Professor:"Whatisdensity?"

Student:"Ican'texactlydefine it,butIcangiveyouagoodillustrationofit."

Professor:"Theillustrationyou havealreadygivenisenough-sit down,"

"Wheredoyouintendspending theevening?"

"Attheopera."

"Iadviseyounotto-thereis avisitingsingerbookedfortonightwhoissaidtobejust awful."

"ButIsimplymustgo."

"Why?"

"Iamthevisitingsinger."

Thehusbandwasincourtansweringachargeofwifemaintenance.

"DoIunderstand'youtosay thatyouoncemadeyourwifea personalallowance?"askedthe magistrate.

"Yes,"wasthereply

"Didn'titwork?"

"Work?Goodgracious,no She'dspentthewholelotbefore Icouldborrowitback."

Apersistentpersoninatram wasboringasomewhatinebriatedpassengerwithhistravels.

"Ofcourse,"hesaid,''you've beenroundtheworldasasol. dier,butyouwereunfortunate nottoseeitintimeofpeace.To thinkthatyouwereintheMediterranean,andmissedNaples. You'veheardofNaples,thefamousItalianport,haven'tyou?"

"No,"thepassengersaid."How muchisitabottle?'

TemperanceAdvocate: "I stronglyobjecttothecustomof christeningshipswithchampagne."

TheOtherMan:"Idon't.I thinkthere'satemperancelesson init," TemperanceAdvocate:"How canthatbe?"

TheOtherMan:"Well,directly afterherfirsttasteofwinethe shiptakestowaterandsticksto it."

Magistrate:"DidIunderstand youtosaythatthepartiesused highwords?"

Witness:"Theirvoiceswere pitchedratherhigh,butthe wordsusedwereextremelylow."

Theschoolmistresswasgiving herclass.ofyoungpupilsatest onarecentnaturalhistorylesson.

"Now,BobbyJones."shesaid, 'tellmewheretheelephantis found?"

Theboyhesitatedforamoment,thenhisfacelitup.

"Theelephant,teacher,"he said,"issuchalargeanimalitis scarcelyeverlost."

TheSydneyexpresstrainsped alongthroughoneofthebiggest sheepstationsinN.S.W.Bluey lookedintentlyatthehugeflocks grazingneartherailwayline. Whentheboundarylineofthe stationcameintoview,Bluey turnedtothemansittingnext tohimandsaid,"Abigflockof sheeponthatstation. Icounted 11,422head."

ThemanalongsideofhimlookedatBlueyinastonishmentand said:"Thatbeatstheband.I happentoownthatstationand IknowthatIhaveexactly11,422 headofsheep.Howinthewide worldcouldyoucountthemfrom atraindoing60milesanhour?"

"Quiteeasy,"saidBluey,"if youknowthesystem.Ijust counttheirlegsanddivideby four."

THECATHOLICANSWER

(ContinuedfromPage13.'

WHATOFTHEFORCED CONVERSIONSIN YUSOSLAVIA?

Butyouwrite:"Ihaveread thattheCatholicChurchclaims thatsheneverchanges,anddoes notthisseemtobetrue,because inourdailypapersatpresentwe readofpriestsendeavouringto Snakeforcedconversionsevenat thepointofthepistol,andthose whorefusebeingsenttoconcentrationcamps?"

A.:Yes,youarequite,right. TheCatholicChurchneverchan ges,becausesheisONEwithher DivineFounderandRuler,Jesus Christ,"Yesterdayandto-day,and thesameforever."(Heb.XIII., R. HeHimselfhastoldus whatshallbe.hergloryandthe markofherDivinemission,when HesaidinHislastdiscou.seto HisApostles:"Iftheworldhate you,knowyethatithadhated Mebeforeyou.Ifyouhadbeen oftheworld,theworldwould loveitsown;butbecauseyouare notoftheworld,butIhavechosenyououtoftheworld,therefore theworldhatethyou.RememberMywordthatIhavesaidto you:Theservantisnotgreater thanhismaster.IfyouhavepersecutedMe,theywillalsopersecuteyou."(Jo.XV.,18-20.)

Theaccusationsagainstthe clergy,youmention,arepartof thecampaignofcalumnyandviolencedirectedagainsttheCatholicChurchb'theRedDictatorshipinYugoslavia.Youneed believethemjustasmuchasyou shouldbelievetheliesofthe "FatherofLies"himself---theinstigatoroftheattack.

Woulditnotberatherthepart ofatrueChristiantomakeafew moreinquiriesandtrytofindout whoitisthatlevelssuchaccusationsagainstfellowChristians, thantomakethemyourown, withanunctuous"ItoldYouso"?

Youcontinue:

"Anotherreasonfor'doubting thattheCatholicChurchisthe trueone,isthatsheleavesitto theProtestantBibleSocietiesfor theprintingandcirculationofthe Scriptures."

"Ihopeyouwillpardonmefor asking,shouldIsayhardquestions,buttheyhavebeenonmy mindforalong'time.NowI shallawaittheCatholicAnswer."

A.:Iassureyou,youhaveno needtoaskmypardonforasking hardquestions.Asamatterof facttheywererathereasytoanswer.ButwhatIwoulddeemunpardonablewouldbeforaperson toaskmequestionswithoutany realdesiretogethelpfulinforeationandwithoutanyintentionof changingtheirpreconceivedviews orgettingridoftheirprejudices. Ofcourse,Iknow,youwould neverasktheminsuchaspirit. SoIhopethatmyanswersthis eveninghaveliftedtheloadoff yourmind.

THECHURCHPRAYSAND STANDSBOLDLYFOR

THETRUTH, "G.J.,"Subiaco:

"Iamaregularlisteneritoyour sessionofaSundaynight,and wouldlikeyoutoanswerthefollowing:

1.Whatistheattitudeofyour Churchtothemassarrestsof RomanCatholicclergyinEurope,accusedofbetrayingtheir countrytoHitleriteGermany?"

A..AsImentionedearlierin thesessionthisevening,thereis beingwagedatthepresenttime afiercecampaignbytheRedDictatorsinEasternEuropeagainst theCatholicChurch.TheCatholicChurch,withitsChristianprinciplesofthefreedomoftneindividual,thesanctityofparental rights.andofthehome,ina word,initsfightforthedefence oftheFourFreedoms,isthemost redoubtableopponentofRedTyrants.Hencetheendeavourto separatethepeoplefromtheir clergybymeansoffalseaccusations,andunjustsentences(we havehaditallbeforeinRedRussiaandNaziGermany).Every doctrineofChrist'sChurchisin directoppositiontothesoul-killing,liberty-destroyingprogramme ofCommunism.Asaresultthe RedLeadersusealltheirwellknownartsoflying,deceit,violence,andinjusticetoblackenthe reputationsofthespiritualleadersofthepeople.

A.:Againyouhavebeendeceived.Foranyonewithany knowledgeoffactsandfigures, knowsthattheCatholicpublishersandbooksellers(printanddistributemillionsofcopiesofthe Scriptureseveryyearandinevery knownlanguage.Fromonesmall CatholicfirminLondonIknow thathundredsofthousandsare publishedeveryyear;andthe English-speakingCatholicChurch isaverysmallfractionofthe wholeChurch.

THECATHOLICCHURCHAND

THEHOLYSCRIPTURES

Youhaveonemorequestion:

"Infact,worsestill,wereadof placeswhereshepubliclyburned theBibles,andterriblyill-treated thosewhowentoutasmissionariestocirculatethem."

A.:ThereisnotoneauthenticatedcaseoftheCatholicChurch everill-treatingnon-Catholicmissionaries;andwithregardtothe burningofBibles,theonlybonfireofBiblesevermadewerebonfirestoconsumecopiesofthe Bibleinwhichthetexthadbeen deliberatelyfalsifiedbyheretics andbooksacceptedbytheChurch fromtimeimmemorialascanoni calhadbeencutoutanddeclaredapocryphalbythehereticsbecausetheydidnotsuittheirnew teaching.'

Youfinishyourletter.M.Porter,asfollows:

twentyyearsago,fromgenuine organsoflocalgovernmentinto instrumentsofacentralisedsystemrigidlycontrolledfromabove, thecontrolbeingexercisedthrough theCommunistParty.Thewritergoesontodescribethe"flood ofpropagandawhichinvadesevery villageinthecountryandevert' minuteofthepeople'slives,"the compulsionthatisexercisedto makeworkersattend"spontaneous"demonstrationsandteachersthecoursesinMarxism.Finally.hesays:"Theinescapable ideology,thetyrannyoverminds, isthesourceofmorediscontent thanthelackofpoliticalfreedom. Butdiscontentdoesnottrouble Tito'sGovernment,becausewith manymillionSovietbayonetsbehindit,itfeelsabletoignoreall opposition.Itis,ofcourse,just becauseitfeelssecureunderthe wingofRussiaandbecauseits 'tyrannyof-theminaisnowfirmlyestablished,theerte...Tovernment,after'muchthreatening,has arrestedArchbishopStepinac."

ARCHBISHOPSTEPINAC

"AGREATDEFENDER OFFREEDOM"

Youaskmewhatisthe Church'sattitudetoallthis. Well,Ishallgiveyounowthe statementmadebyHisEminence CardinalGriffin,Archbishopof Westminster,speakinginLondon, inthenameoftheCatholicBishopsofEnglandandWales.The Cardinalsaid:"Afterthebitter fightwhichthiscountryandits Allieshavewagedinthecauseof freedom,itcomesasagreatshock tolearnthatoneofthegreatest opponentsofNazityrannyhas beenarrestedandbeencharged with'crimesagainstthepeople

toleavenostoneunturnedto securetheimmediatereleaseof thisgreatdefenderoffreedom."

"Hewasarrested,"writesthe London"Tablet,""becausethere isnoroomforaChurchpreaching thevalueoftheindividualmanin thetotalitarianYugoslaviaof MarshalTito;becausethetruths proclaimedbytheChurchthrow herintooppositioninacountry wherenooppositionistolerated. Whathedidordidnotdoduringthewarisentirelyirrelevent intheeyesofTito'sSovietregime.Allthatisrelevantisthat heisaCatholicArchbishopof thestatureofCardinalHlondin Poland,orCardinalMindszentvin Hungary,orofthelateCardinal VonGaleninGermany."

ArchbishopStepinac'sarrestand trialisbuttheculminationofthe bloodycampaignagainstreligion carriedonbyTito'smen,who havealreadykilled186Yugoslav priestswithouttrial,sentenced85 tolifeimprisonment,andforced 409tobecomerefugeesfromtheir nativeland.,Theyhavemurdered thirtythousandlaymen.Outof 1,916parishpriestsin1939only 401areleft.

Yournextquestion,G.J.,is: ',TheProtestantnessemer, 'Rock,'makesmanystarting disclosuresconcerningraw Church.Whataboutsomeex. planation?"

A.:Well,whataboutit?Surely youdon'tthinkIwoulddemean myself,byansweringsucha"rag" suchpapersdomoreharmtotheir owncause,iftheyhaveany,than theydototheChurch.Their statementsaresoobviouslyfalse, andtheirtonesocheapandignorant,thatalldecentProtestants deploretheirpublicationandare franklyashamedofthem.

Andnowyourlastquestion:

"Whydoyoucallyoursoden 'TheCatholicAnswer'?"

A.:BecauseitgivestheCatho licAnswertoenquirerswhowish toknowmoreabouttheCatholic Churchorherteaching.

Youconcludeyourquestion saying:

"MightIsuggestanewname'TheCatholicExcuse'?"

A.:Certainlyyoumight,butI don'tthinkanyon,ewouldtake youseriously.YouseetheTruth hasnoneedofexcuse.

Youaskwhatistheattitudeof your.Churchtoallthis?.,Wellthe attitudehasnotchangedsincethe daysofNero,whofirstadopted thesetactics.Shesuffers,she prays,shestandsboldlybefore thepowersofthisworld,forthe Truth,knowingthattheTruth must,intheend,triumph.

The"Times"publishedrecentlyanarticlefromitsspecialcorrespondentinYugoslavia,from whichIquotethefollowingextract: The"People'sCommittees,"he says,havebeenchanged,asthe RussianSovietswerechanged

TheMostReverendAloysiusStepinac,ArchbishopofZagbredand PrimateofYugoslavia,whohas recentlybeenarrested,isaman ofgreatpersonalvirtue,whoduringthewarneverceasedtoshow hispatriotismandhisloveforhis people.In1941heenteredasolemnprotestagainstlegaldecrees oftheCroatGovernmentwhich discriminatedagainsttheOrthodoxChurchandenforcedtheconversionofitsmemberstoCatholicism.HewasequallyoutspokenagainstthedeportationofnonAryans,andonbehalfoftheJews Nuremberglaws.

Hewas,asheisnowanoutspokendefenderoftherightsand freedomoftheindividualofwhateverrace,religionorcolour.DuringthewartheArchbishop'sresidencewasacentreofshelter,re. fugeandreliefforthehuntedand thehungry.HisCaritasorganisationhelpedwithoutdistinction JewsandChristians,Moslems,OrthodoxandCatholicalike.We urgeourGovernmentandall thosewhohavetheconcernofthe libertyoftheindividualatheart

JesusasBoyandMan

RelatedbyanIrishSisterofCharity Someofthemenhadtoput downtheiroarsandbailoutthe waterbeforeitsanktheirpoor craft.Theyhadtokeeponand on,tilltheywerewearyandworn out,andtheybegantothinkit wasnouse-theywouldbedrowned.Oh,whyhadJesussent themintothisdanger?DidHe notcareaboutthematall?Oh, ifonlyHeweretherewiththem now.WherewasHe?What wasHedoing? Hewaslookingatthemiftheyonlyknewit.

Suddenly,theysawsomething brightonthedarkwaters,somethingmoving.Yes,comingto them.Itis isitaphantom, aghost?Almostmadwithfear, theygaveonegreatcryofterror. Buthark!Acrossthewater comesasound,clear,sweet,strong.

"Father,ifThouwilt,removethis chalicefromMe;butyetnotMy will,butThinebedone."

likeabeautifulbell.Itisavoice, aVoicetheyknow."Fearnot. itisI"-theVoiceofJesus.Joy fillstheirhearts,givingstrength andcourage.Thephantomisa _Man.ItisJesuswalkingonthe watertothem.Theyaresafe, onceHeisthere.

Peter'seyesarefixedonJesus, hewantstobewithHim,near Him;hecan'twait."Lord,"he cries,"ifitbeThou,bidmecome toThee.onthewater."Back comestheVoice:"COME."Like ashot,Peterisoff,overtheside oftheboat,intothewater.He standsstraightup,andstridesforwardbravely.Therestare speechless.Jesuswalkingonthe water,yes.Hedoeswonders. ButPeter,oneofthemselves!

Astheywonder,thewindcomes moaningandshriekingfiercely,a hugemassofwaterbearsswiftly downonPeter.Heseesitcoming,isterrified-anddownhe goes,sinkingfast."Lord,save me;Iperish,"hecriesout.Jesus bendsoverhim.catcheshishand withafirmgrip,drawshimup andsaysreproachfully:"0thou oflittleFaith,whyclidstthou doubt?"Peter,ashamed,looks sorrowfullyathisMaster.But theyarebytheboatandJesus. stillholdingPeter'shand,they stepin.Theothers,whatdo theydo?Withbentheadsthey kneelorstandandadore,saving:

"IndeedThouarttheSonof God."Oncebefore,afterabig miracle,Peterthrewhimselfat thefeetofJesusandsaid:"Departfromme.0Lord,becauseI amasinfulman."Rutnow.he holdstoJesus,heknowshecannotdowithoutHim.

RandolphKnapp (W.A.O.A.)

SIGHT-TESTINGOPTICIAN.

12ATWELLARCADE, FREMANTLE-L1112.

Inatwinklingtheycameto thelandthatallnightlongthey hadtriedinvaintoreach.A lovelybrightdaywasdawning afterthedreadfulstorm.On shore,thepeoplewereupand about.Thatiswhattheydoout there,getupatdawn,andgoto bedinthemiddleoftheday,like ababy,andthengetupagainin theevening.

Whentheycaughtsightof Jesus,theyrantoHim,andothers heardandfollowed,aregular crowdgathered,innotime,Then Jesusspoketothem."Alt,"He said,"youarenotcomingtoMe becauseofthemiracle,butbecauseofthegoodmealyouhad yesterday.Now,don'tworkso hardforfoodthatperishesandis gone;butworkforthebreadthat lastsevenuntoLifeEverlasting, whichtheSonofManwillgive you."

"Whatworkarewetodoto pleaseGod?"theyasked.

"BelieveHim,WhomGodhas sent,"Jesussaid.AndthenHe explainedthatthemannathat Mosesbroughtdownfromheaven, byhisprayer,inthewilderness, wasonlyafigure,ashadowor signofthetrueBreadfromHeaven,Breadthatwouldgivelifeto theworld.

"Lord:theysaid,"giveusalwaysthisbread."

ThenJesussaidsomethingthat astonishedthem.Butitisquite simpleforus,weknowabout HolyCommunion,andweunderstandwhatliemeantwhenHe said:"IamtheBreadofLife." WeknowJesusisthesupernaturallifeofoursouls.

LivingBread,the

BreadofLife.Ifanyoneeatof thisbreadheshallliveforever. TheBreadthatIwillgiveisMy Fleshforthelifeoftheworld... Yourfatherseatmannainthedesertandaredead,butifanyone shalleatthisBread,heshalllive forever,"

Someofthepeoplebelieved, others(lidnot."Howcanthis mangiveusHisFleshtoeat?

"HowcanHebeBreadfromHeaven,don'tweknowJoseph,His father?"theysaid.

Jesuslistened,andaftera while,Hesaidagain.verysolemnly:"UnlessyoueattheFleshof theSonofMananddrinkHis Blood,youshallnothavelifein YOU. AstheLivingFathersent MeandIlivebytheFather,so hethateatethMeshallliveby Me."

Itisallplainenoughtous:we knowandbelieve.ButtheJews didnotknow,neverdreamtof suchathing.Itseemedimpossible,andtheydidnotwait,but justsaid:"Thisishard,howcan webelieveit?"

Theyforgotallthehardthings Jesushaddoneforthem,before theirveryeyes.OnlythedaybeforeHehadgiventhemaplentifuldinneroutoffiveloavesand twofishes.Afewhungryboys wouldmakeshortworkoffive smallloaves,andifyoudon't knowthat,yourmotherdoes. AndtheseJewshadseenthousandsofmenandcrowdsofwomenandchildrenfedandwell fed.Andwhatismore,theyhad seentwelvebasketfulsofbroken breadgatheredupafterwards. Andstill,theywouldnottrust Jesus;theywouldnotwaitand seehowHecoulddowhatHe promised, Theywentaway.Jesuslooked afterthemverysorrowfully.He wantedtogivethemsomuch,and theywouldnotbelieveHecould.

ThenHeturnedtoHisApostles: theywereworried,too.

"Willyoualsogoaway?"He askedsadly.Amoment'ssilence, thenPetercriedout:"Towhom

DearCornerites

How'severyone?Wornoutby thehotspell.Ishouldimagine. judgingbythelackofmaillately.Orisitthattoomanythings arehappening?Thispartofthe schoolyearisfullofbreaksand interruptionstothenormalprogramme.Schoolsportsarethe bigattractionatthemoment. Soontherewillbeconcertsand such-likediversionstomarkthe annualwind-up.Recentlychildreninthemetropolitanareahad opportunitiestoseeInterstate footballandInternationalcricket,And,ofcourse,withtheadventofreallywarmweatherthe beacheshavebecomepopular.

Well,nodoubtitisallvery pleasant. Iwouldbethelastto begrudgehealthypleasuretoany ofmyyoungniecesandnephews. Haveagoodtimewhileyou're youngissoundadvice;foryou're onlyyoungonce.Ialwaysthink itagreattragedythatanychild shouldbedeprivedofhisnatural righttoenjoymentandhappiness.

Whichmakesmethinkrather sadlyofmypoorBusbies.

Doyoueverstoptothink,dear luckyCornerites,ofthosedear childrenintheBushwhoarenot solucky?Thatisscarcelyafair question,Iknow,becausesomeof youhavefrequentlygivenproof thatyoudothinkoftheBusbies. Butthereisgreatroomforimprovement.Notnearlyenough Corneritesareconsciousoftheir dutytowardsthelessfortunate childrenwholivein isolated places.Byputtingyourweight behindtheBusbies'Schemeyou canmakeitpossibleforthese childrentocometogetherperiodicallyintheSchoolsofInstruction, wheretheynotonlylearnabout theirholyFaithbutalsolearn scmethingofthedelightsoflivingwithothersoftheirownage andsimilarinterests.-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY

wouldwego,Thoubastthewords ofEternalLife."Peterknew thatmuch,thoughhenomore understoodhowJesuscouldgive HisFleshandBlood,thanthe Jews."ThouartChristtheSon oftheLivingGod,"hesaid.And Jesuswasconsoled.WhenHe cametoHisown,inBethlehem, theywouldnothaveHim.Now, again,HeoffersHimselftoHis friendsandtheywon'tacceptHis giftofHimself.ButtheApostlesdo.Andwedo,too,when wegotoHolyCommunionwith loveandreverence.,AndJesus doessowantustogo.Helovesto give,andHegiveslikeaprince, goodmeasure,presseddown,shakentogetherandflowingover.If weletHim,HewillpourHisown Holinessintous,Itwasreally toshowushowmuchHecares thatHetooktheboy'slittlebasketoffoodandchangeditinto agreatdinnerforthousandsof hungrypeople,andthatHemade Peterabletowalkonthewater. HewaspreparingusbyallHis wonderworkingandHisgiftsfor theGreatestGiftofthemallJameHimselfintheBlessedSacrament.

QUESTIONS,C 1/47Answers

ThisWeek'sQuestion: HOWDOESASNAKEMOVE ALONG?

Answer:

Towatchasnakeorserpent glidingsmoothlyandsilently alongthegroundistoseeoneof themostmarvellousthingsin naturalhistory.Oneofthewisestmenwhoeverlivedconfessed thatthemotionofasnakewas oneofthethingsthathecould notunderstand.

Threepartsofthesnake'sbody takepartinitsmovement-the backbone.theribs,andthelarge hornyscalesunderneath.Itis bymusclesmovingthesepartsin certainwaysthatthesnake glides.

Asamatteroffacta snake walksontheendsofitsribs-a curioususeforribstobeputto. Theribsareverynumerous,there beingoneforeachpartofthe backbone.Eachribisalsofixed tooneofthelargebellyscales, Bytheactionofthemuscleson theribsthesescalesaremoved

forwardoneaftertheother,their edgescatchingtheground,and. theresultisarapidglidingmotion.

Thebodyalwaysmovesfrom sidetosideinawrigglingor writhingmanner;neverupand down.Itistheveryflexible backbonethatallowsthiswrithingmovement,andthestructure ofthebackboneratherallowsof itsbeingbrokenrathereasily,as huntersknowwell.

Sothemovementofasnakeis reallyverylikewhathappens whenaboatis beingrowed throughthewater.Theribscar respondtotheoars,theribsgrippingthegroundbythescalesto whichtheyareattached,justas theoarsgripthewater;onlythe snake'sbackisflexible,whilea boatisrigid.Therefore,ifwe watchthesnakeinmotionwesee the.movementpassalongitswhole lengthinawavymanner,aseach riboneachsidemovesafterthe lastinrapidsuccession.

WORDS-that willneverbeforgotten!

ThesethingshaveIspokento you,thatyoumaynotbescandalised.

Theywillputyououtofthe synogogues:yea,thehourcometh,thatwhosoeverlcillethyou. willthinkthathedothaservice toGod.

Andthesethingswilltheydo toyou;becausetheyhavenot knowntheFather,norMe--JohnXVI.1-3

c}.rtories0,4bout FLOW

Almosteveryflowerhasastory, almosteveryplacehasalegend, andmanyflowershavemanystories.Theyaremadeup,perhaps, aslegendsare,buttheyareoften verybeautiful,anditisinterestingtoknowthestoriesthathave beentoldforhundredsofyears abouttheflowersweknowsowell thatbloominourfieldsandgardensastheseasonscomeandgo.

THEROSEOFJERICHO.

TheRoseofJerichoisalso knownastheResurrectionflower, foritissupposedtohavethe propertyofdyingandcomingto lifeagain.Howitcametobe calledbythisnameisdescribed inavery,pretty legend.

WhentheInfantJesusfledfrom BethlehemwithHisMotherMary andJosephtoavoidthemassacre ofalltheyoungchildrenbyKing Herod,thepartyissaidtohave crossedtheplainsofJericho, WhenMaryalightedfromtheass onwhichshewasridingthislittleflowersprangupatherfeet togreettheInfantSaviourWhom shecarriedinherarnss,anditis saidthattheflowersprangupat alltheplaceswheretheHoly Childrested.

AllthroughtheSaviour'slife onearththelittlerosesofJericho continuedtoflourish,butwhen HediedupontheCrosstheseflowerswitheredanddied.Three dayslater,however,OurLord roseagainfromthetomb,andat thesametimetherosesofJericho cametolife,andsprangupand blossomedasanemblemofthe joyoftheearthbecauseOhrist wasrisen

'RS

THECHRYSANTHEMUM.

IntheBlackForestlivedapeasantnamedHermann.Going homeoneChristmasEve,hesaw alittleboylyinginthesnow.He carriedhimtohiswifeandchildren,whogladlysharedwithhim theirlittlefeast.Allnightthe boyremainedinthehut,andin themorningHerevealedHimselfastheChrist-Child,andthen vanishedfromtheirsight.

WhenHermannnextpassed theplacewherehehadfoundthe Childwonderfulflowerswere growingoutofthesnow.Gatheringahandful,hegavethemtohis wife,whocalledthemchrysanthemums,meaningChrist-flowers,or, morecorrectly,gold-flowers.

EverafterwardsonChristmas EveapartofthefeastinHermann'shousewassetasidefor somepoorchildinmemoryof theirDivineGuest.

STOVES:Relinedas