The Record Newspaper 30 January 1946

PopeAppealstotheConscience ofHumanityfortheChildren

MillionsMenacedby Starvation,Diseaseand Vice.

SpecialDutyofChristiansto PrayandtoGiveMoney

Withmillionsofchildreninwar-torncountriesthreatenedbydeath fromstarvation,diseaseandexposure,HisHolinessPopePiusXII.hasissued anewEncyclicalLetterappealingtothewholeCatholicworldtocometo theirassistance.

PicturinginvividtermsthesufferingsofEurope'shomeless,stricken children,thePoperemindsallthattheywillbethepillarsofthenextgeneration;thatpeaceandprogressareimpossibleiftheygrowupinfectedwith sicknessandvice.

Responsibility,hesays,touchesallcitizens,"butitbelongsinaspecial sensetoChristians,whoshouldseestampedonthosepoor,destitute,little brotherstheImageoftheDivineChild;whoareboundtoheedthesewords: 'Aslongasyoudoittooneofthese,Myleastbrethren.youdoittoMe."

HisHolinessdirectsthatineverydioceseadayofpublicprayerbeassignedtoappeaseGod'sanger,andthatonthisdaythepeoplebeexhorted tosupportbyprayers,goodwJrksandofferingseverymovementthatis directingitsforcestrulyandeffectivelytothesuccourofneedyandabandonedchildren.

NoProblemSoWoundsOurPaternal Heart

TheEncyclicalwasissuedonthe FeastoftheEpiphany.

"Whiletheterriblewarwasraging," theHolyFathersays,"WeusedallOur powersofpersuasionandappealto bringaspeedyendtotheconflict, whichhadlastedalltoolong,andto secureanagreementguaranteeingjustire,equityandright.

"Nowthefightinghasceased.But peaceisnotyetrestored,andinvirtueofOurApostolicOffice,Weare leavingnothingundonetoprovide timelyreliefforsomanyills,andall possiblecomfortforaccumulatedmiserywhichplaguesnotafewnations.

"Ofthealmostcountlessillsbornof thisdirestruggle,nonesowoundsOur

paternalheartasthatwhichinvolves thehostofinnocentchildrenofwhom millionsareestimatedinmanycountriestobewithoutthenecessitiesof life;sufferingcold,hungeranddisease.

"Often,too,intheirutterdereliction, theyfeelthewant,notonlyoffood andclothesandshelter,buttheaffectiontheirtenderyearssoneed.

"Asyouknow,VenerableBrethren, Wehavedoneallwecouldtosalvethis problem,andWegladlytakethisoccasiontoexpressOursincerestgratitude tothosethroughwhoseliberalityWe areabletoalleviatesomewhattheneed oftheseinfantsandchildren,

"Weknowmanyindividually,oras membersofsocieties,haveundertaken tohelptheselittleones.Theyare worthyofallpraise,andwepaythem

thistribute,prayingGodtobless theiractivity.

"Butsincehelpofthiskindisentirelyinadequatefortheimmensetask, WehavedeemeditOurdutytoturn toyoupaternally,andurgeyouto taketohearttheextremelygrave plightoftheseneedychildren,leaving nothingundonethatmaycontributeto relievetheirlot.

TheChurch'sDiligentCareofthe Young.

"Thisisaproblemwhichtouchegall citizens.whatevertheirviews,ifonly theirheartsrespondtotheappealsof natureandreligion.

"Butitbelongsinaspecialsenseto Lhristianswhoshouldseestampedon thosepoor,destitutelittlebrothers,the imageoftheDivineChild;whoare boundtoheedthesewords:'Amen,I saytoyou,aslongasyoudoittoone ofthese,Myleastbrethren,youdoit toMe.'

"Letallrememberandreflectthat thesechildrenwillbethepillarsofthe nextgeneration,anditisessentialthat theygrowuphealthyinmindand bodyifwearetoavoidaraceinfected withsicknessandvice.

"Nobodyshouldhesitate,then,to ontributetimeandmoneytoacause opportuneandessential.

"Thosewhoarethemselveslesswealthyshouldgivewhattheycanwith openhandsandwillinghearts.

"Thosewholiveinluxuryshouldreflect,andrememberthattheindigence, hungerandnakednessofthesechildren willconstituteagraveandsevereindictmentonthembeforeGod,the FatherofMercies,iftheyhardentheir hearts,anddonotcontributegenerously.

"Finally,allshouldbeconvinced thattheirliberalitywillnotbelost, butgained.ForWecaneasilysayhe whogivesfromhismeanstothepoor islendingtoGod,Who,inHisown time,willrepayhisgenerositywith abundantinterest.

"AsinApostolictimes,whenthe ChristianpopulationofJerusalemwas subjectedtopovertyandpersecution, therestofthefaithfulcontributed prayersandmaterialaids,sonow,too, allwillbeinspiredandanimatedby thesamecharity,andwillhelpasmuch astheycan.

"Theyshoulddothis,aswehave said,especiallybyferventprayertoour mostmercifulRedeemer.For,asyou know,ferventprayercarrieswithita

tristicpower,callingdownGod'sassistance,and,throughHisgrace,enkindlingbrotherlyloveinmen'shearts.

"LetusrecallthattheChurchalways exercisesthemostdiligentcareforthe young,andhasrightlydeemedthisher specialmission.

"Andasshedidthis,andcontinues todoit,sheisbutfolloWinginthefootstepsandobeyingtheinjunctionofher DivineFounderWho,gentlygathering littlechildrenaroundHim,saidtothe Apostleswhohadrebukedtheir mothers,'Sufferthelittlechildrenand forbidthemnottocometoMeefor theKingdomofHeavenisforsuch.'

-For,asOurpredecessor,ofimmortalmemory,LeotheGreat,said: 'ChristlovedchildhoodwhichHefirst assumedinmindandbody.Christlovechilhood,theschoolofhumility,the normofinnocence,themodelofmeekness.AndthosewhomHecallsto Hiseternalkingdomabove,Heinspires tofollowHisexample'

"Inthelightofsuchwordsandsentiments,VenerableBrethren,yousee withwhatloveanddiligencethe Churchshouldlookafterthewelfare fchildren,followingtheexampleof herFounder.

"Whilesheexercisesallpossiblecare toseetheyareprovidedwithfood,shelterandclothingfortheirbodies,she doesnotignorenorneglecttheirsouls, "Herfirstcareandendeavour,then, istopreservetheirinnocencefrom stain,andtocarefortheireternalsalvation."

TheHolyFatherthenpicturesthe distressofmodernwarandtheplight ofmanychildren.

Radioreceptionforthispointonwardswaspoor,andaparaphraseonly isavailable.

ThePopeseeschildrenwanderingaimlesslythroughtownsandvillages, forsaken,forgottenandexposedto. manydangers.Heimploresauthoritiesandindividualsaliketocometo, theiraid.

ThiswillnotonlybeanacttopromoteChristianfaith,butisnecessary intheinterestsofhumansocietyasa whole.

ThePopesayshewishedtomake thismattereverybody'sconcerninthe formofanEncyclical,becauseofits overriding urgency.

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EXAGGERATIONS,ABOUTL__

CARDINAL'S-WAIDROB

"RedHat,"Subiaco:

Q.:Therehasbeenalotoffusslately inthepressovertheRedHatthat isbeinggiventoArchbishopGilroy, ofSydney.Isupposetheremustbe somepurposeinthePopehavinga bodyofCardinalsroundhim,though I'mafraidmostofus,ofcourse, can'tseethepointinalltheextravaganceandexpenseattachedtothe office.Whenallissaidanddone, itisaChurchdignity,notacivilone, andthatmakesthepompandexpenditureinvolvedonlythemore difficulttounderstand.Justwhat arethefunctionsofCardinalsinthe RomanCatholicreligion,andhow dotheycometobeselectedforthe post?

,A.:Asyousay,therehasbeenacertainamountoffussinthedailypress overDr.Gilroy'selevationtoSacred Purple.Muchofthe"fuss,"asyou callit,isquiteunderstandable,forthe VaticanhasconferredauniquehonouronbothChurchandStateherein Australia.Ontheotherhand,of course,thecriticismofanuninformed CabinetMinisterwhohasnoexcusefor notknowingbetter,andthechildish discussionsappearingcurrentlyinthe localpress,areonlyfurtherindica^tionsofth6unbelievableignoranceof thingsCatholicthatcharacterisesthe averageAustralian.

Moreover,itwouldseemthatone canthrowalmostanythingtothepress thesedaysconfidentthatitwillbe hungrilyrushedintoprint:whilstif itislikelytocauseevenamildcontroversyoverCatholicpracticesone canbesureofheadlinestoo.

AcaseinpointisthediscussionI havejustreferredto,andbeingcarriedonatpresentinoneofourdaily papers,abouttheallegedthousandsof poundstobespentonCardinalGilroy'swardrobe.Wherevertheoriginalnewsitemcamefrom,itwas quitemisleading,butitwasplayed upbythepressjustthesame.The spateofindignantproteststhathave followedinitswakehavelefttheCatholiccommunitysomewhatappalled 'atthegullibilityandignoranceofa largesectionofthegeneralpublic. Theseletterstothepressaproposof thecostoftheCardinal'swardrobeecho strangelythecryofJudas,whenMagdalenannointedthefeetofChrist withthepreciousspikenard:"Why wasnotthisointmentsoldforthree hundredpence,andgiventothe poor?"AndwerememberChrist'srebuketothefirstofmanyhypocrites whohavesincemadethatsameremark!

However,theseverysolicitoussectionsofthegeneralpublicmayrest assuredthattheCardinal'swardrobe willnotrunintoastronomicalfigures; that,evenifitdid,thegeneralpublic arenotaskedtopayforit:thatit isnoconcernoftheirswhatsoever:and 4that weCatholicsarehonouredto equiptheCardinalasbefitshisstate, rememberingthatitisGodwhomwe arehonouringwhenweinsistthatHis ministersbetreatedwithrespectand dignitycommensuratewiththeoffice theyholdasPrincesofHisChurch.

oraCardinal,oraPope,buttheoffice hebearsintheChurchandthefunctionheperformsinthenever-ending dramaofman'sRedemption.

IftheministersoftheKing,as,for example,ourGovernor-General,orany BritishAmbassador,areaccordeddiplomaticprivilegeandattendedwith ceremonywhenactingintheirofficial capacityasministersoftheKing,then isitunreasonablethatoneshouldbe askedtoseethesamejustificationfor theCatholicattitudetowardstheministersoftheKingofKings?

GREATRESPONSIBILITY ATTACHESTOTHESACRED

PURPLE

Q.:JustwhatarethefunctionsofCardinalsintheRomanCatholicreligion?

A.:Tobeelevatedtothestatusofa CardinaloftheCatholicChurchisto attainarankanddignityinferioronly tothoseofthePopehimself.The Cardinalsarethecloseadvisersofthe Pope,arechargedwiththeresponsibilityofelectinganewPopewhenthe SeeofRomeandofPeterfallsvacant:theyassistthePopeintheadministrationoftheChurch:tillthe key,permanentecclesiasticaloffices: undertakeperiodicmissionsandtasks forthePope;andsitintheCouncils andtribunalsoftheChurch.

TheytakeprecedenceoverallBis hops,Archbishops,Primates.PatriarchsandLegates,andareknownas PrincesoftheChurch.Evensecular Statesrecognisetheillustriousdignity oftheCardinalatebyextendedtoCardinalsevenahigherstatusthanthat accordedtoambassadors.Inmonarchiestheyrankwithroyalty.

TheCardinalsformwhatisknownas the"SacredCollegeofCardinals". whosenumberislimitedtoseventyin imitationoftheseventyElderswho assistedthePatriarchMosesinthe governmentoftheChosenPeople, Oneofthemostimportantdevelop mentsinthehistoryoftheCardinalateoccurredin1059whentheCardinals weregiventheprivilegeofselectingthe Pope.Inearlydaysthepeopleof RomeselectedtheBishopofRome. LatertheclergyofRomewereresponsible.Finally,PopeNicholasII.gave theCardinalsthetask,althoughthe priestsandpeoplehadstilltoapprove. In1139theCardinalsweregivenanindependentrighttomakethechoice, andin1179itwasdecreedthatatwothird'smajorityoftheCardinalswas requiredtoelectthePope.

'Q.:Howdotheycometobeselected forthepost?

A.Cardinalsare"created"-touse theofficialterm-bythePopehimself,andhisselectionsareabsolutely final.Althoughinpastages,evenlay CatholicswereeligibleforappointmentasCardinals,therecentpractice isthattheselectionisconfinedtobishopsandpriests.

doubleaccolade.ThenthePopesays:

"ForthegloryofAlmightyGod,and theembellishmentoftheApostolic See,receivetheRedHat,thespecial signoftheCardinalatedignity, throughwhichissignifiedthat,upto deathandtotheeffusionofblood,for theexaltationoftheholyfaith,peace andtranquillityofChristianpeople, theincreaseandtheconservationof theRomanChurch,youmustgive proofofcourage."

ThePopethenmakesatriplesign oftheCrossovertheCardinal,andfbr aninstantlaystheRedHatonhis head.

Thehatisasymbolonly,andisnot wornbytheCardinal.Apartfrom thisceremony,theprincipaltimesthe hatwillbeusedwillbewhenitis laidathisfeetonhisdeath-ben,serriedathisfuneralobsequies,andhung (o-erhisvaultintheCathedral.

ALAYMANMAYBEELECTED

POPE!

"Papist,"[Sunbury:

Q.:Intheextraordinaryhistoryofthe Papacythereseemstobemanyinterestingcharacters,somesaints, somescoundrels,somepoliticians, andmanyjustgoodChristians.It hassometimesoccurredtomethat itmightbeagoodideaifsuitable laymenwereeligibleforthisoffice. Isitpossibleforalaymantobe electedPope?Wouldhehaveto beanItalian?MustthePopealwaysbeanItalian,whetherlayman ornot?

A..Let'stakeyourfirstquestion:Is ispossibleforalaymantobeelected Pope?Itis,butafewhistorical factsconcerningthisaspectofthe Papacymightbeofinteresttoyou. Inthefirstplace,everyCatholicman iseligibleforelectiontothePapacy. However,thelasttimealaymanwas electedPopewasin1024,whenJohn XIX.waschosen.ByCanonLawit isruledthatintheeventofalaymanbeingelectedhemustbeordainedpriestonthedayafterelection,and beconsecratedBishoponthedayafter that.

Uptilltheyear1024thechosenwere usuallypriestsordeacons,fromthat timeontheyhavenearlyalwaysbeen BishopsandusuallyCardinals.Since 1389everyPopehasbeenaCardinal.

Q.:IfalaymanwereelectedPope wouldhehavetobeanItalian?

A.:No,asIhavejustsaid,anyCatholicmaniseligibleforelection.It mightsurpriseyoutoknowthaton oneoccasionanEnglishmanwaselectedPopeandtookthetitleofHadrian Hereignedfrom1154-1159,and hisEnglishnamewasNicholasBreakspear.MartinIV.,forexample,wasa Frenchman:ZacharyaGreek;GregoryIII,aSyrian:HadrianVI.a Dutchman.

'...ardinalwouldbechosennowthatit hasbecomeatraditionoffourhundredyears'standingtochooseanItslienCardinal.

Notthatthereisanylawforbidding theelectionofanon-Italian.Allthe, Cardinals,beforetheelectiontakean oaththattheywillvotefortheone whominconsciencetheybelievetobe thebestfittedfortheposition,independentlyofallnationalconkideralions.Yetasaruleitisexpected thatanItalianmillbeelected.And why?BecausethePopeistobethe PishopofRome,anItaliandiocese, andjustasweusuallywishanEnglishspeakingBishopforEnglish-speaking peoples,sotheItaliansshouldnormallyhaveanItalianBishop.There isagreaterreason'wantedwhyhe shouldnotbeanItalianthanwhyhe shouldbe.Anothersecondarybut yetimportantreasonisthatthePope mustliveinItaly,andifhehasto makeo.standagainsttheencroachmentsofItalianCivilpower,aPopeof Italiannationalityatleastcannotbe accuseilofanti-Italiannationalsympathies,

Ofcourse,sofarasthisquestionof nationalitygoes,onceaPopeiselectedheistheVicarofChrist,andcannotbehaveasanItalian,orasan Englishman,orinvirtueofanyother nationality.ThePopemusthavean equalloveforallhissubjects,andthe Catholicsofanynationcannotbenefit byhavingaPopeoftheirownnationality.ToCatholicsitdoesnotmatterofwhatnationthePopemaybe, thoughforpurelyexternalreasons,in cowayintrinsictotheoffice,andall thingsbeingequal,accountistaken ofthepeopleinwhosemidstthePope mustresideasBishopofRome.

CATHOLICPARTYMOST SUCCESSFULINFRANCE

B.Freeman,Perth:

Q.:CanyoutellmewhatisthepositionofthepoliticalpartyinFrance knownvariouslyasthe"People's RepublicanMovement,"the"CatholicProgressiveParty,"andthe"CatholicLeft"?Isitrecognisedby theRomanCatholicChurchin France;andwhatismeantbythe "CatholicLeft"?Don'ttellmethe R.C.'shavefinallyseenthelightand goneMarxist!

WhenweCatholicssurroundour altarsandourPriesth9odwithpomp ,andceremony,wehonourinparticular theSonofGod,Whoisreallypresent onouraltarsandWhohasdelegated .toourHierarchythepowersofHis ownPriesthood.Itisnottheman, assuch,whomwehonour,inaBishop

Justlanded,newGasFiresand RoomHeaters;alsoEnamelSaucepans.AtW.A.StoveCo.,Perth.

CanonLawsetsouttheconditions appertainingtotheappointmentof Cardinals,Forexample,itislaid downthattheCardinal-Electmust havereachedthecanonicalageappropriatetohisrank.Nearrelativesof thePopeandCardinalsareexcluded. Sanctity,scholarshipandgeneralachievementareregardedastheprerequisitesofeligibilityforappointmenttothisdignifiedrole.

TheallusiontotheRedHatofa Cardinalreferstotheceremonyat whichthenewCardinalreceivesfrom thePopethetraditionalsymbolofthe Cardinalate,theRedHat.Inthe RoyalHallattheVatican,beforea distinguishedgathering,therecently createdPrinceoftheChurchkneelsbeforetheHolyFatherandreceivesthe

ThepresentHolyFather,PiusXII., happenstobeanItalian,buttheCardinalscouldquiteeasilyelectanAmericannexttime,orevenanAustralian.shouldtheythinkfit.

HOLYFATHERMAYBEOF ANYNATIONALITY

Q.:MustthePopealwaysbeanItalianwhetherlaymanornot?

AN.FromwhatIhavealready said,itisquitepossibleforanymemberoftheSacredCollegeofCardinals tobeelectedtothePapacy,and,of course.includedinthatpossibilityis thenewlycreatedAustralianCardinal, theArchbishopofSydney.However, itisextremelyunlikelythataPope wouldeverbechosenfromoutsidethe CollegeofCardinalsinthefirstplace, andalsounlikelythatanon-Italian

A.:TheFrenchpoliticalpartyto whichyoureferisanewparty,and gainedone-thirdofalltheseatsatthe lastelections.Beingentirelynew,I supposesuchanachievementshould entitleittobeconsideredthemost successfulpartyinFranceto-day.Its correctnameisthe"PopularorPeople'sRepublicanMovement,"ItssocialprogrammeisbasedonthePapal EncyclicalsanditsfounderisMaurice Schumann,aprominentmemberofthe famousSword-of-the-SpiritMovement begunbythelateCardinalHinsleyin London.Theleaderofthenewparty isM.Bidault,adevoutCatholic.The vastmajorityofitsmembersandsupportersareCatholics,andthreepriests areamongthemembersoftheParty recentlyelectedtotheFrenchAssembly.

AstothealternativetitlesyoumentionfortheParty-thatis,"Catholic ProgressiveParty"andthe"Catholic Left"-youcanthankthepressfor those.Ifitisnottobegivenitscorrectnameitshouldatleastbecalled the.CatholicPartystraightout,but suchphenomenalsupportfor100per cent.Catholicsocialdoctrineaswas evidencedbytheParty'ssupportin therecentelectionsseemstoomuch forthepressanditsagenciestostomach,sothevictoryiswatereddown

(ContinuedonPage15)

Oneenormousadvantageofhaving nomoralityisthateverycasecanbe madetosuitone'sobjectives.Thisis verynoticeableinthematterofCommunisttechnique.Havingnolove forthetruth,everythingisgristtothe Redmill,andwherethenormalpersonwouldbedismayedyourCommunisthasnodifficultyinmakingtwo contrariessubservethesameend. TheirattitudetotheCatholicChurch isacaseinpoint.Intheolddays whenthemajorityoftheSacredCollegeofCardinalswasofItaliannationality,weweretoldthatthisproved conclusivelythattheOhurchwasFes cist.NowthattheHolyFatherhas, bythenewappointments,lefttheItaliansinaminority,thatRussianorgan ofenlightertment-"IzVesti-informs usthatthisisa"manoeuvretoextend reactionaryVaticaninfluencesovera widerarea,notablyAnglo-Saxonand Latin'Americancountries."Soyou seetheRedshaveitbothwaysall thetime.WhethertheCardinalsare f4INOMO.

STURMERANDSON, (LateFIallion's), BAKERS, 90JOHNSTREET,NORTI: FREMANTLE. (Tel.2739.) PrizeWinnersRoyalShow. DeliveriesThroughoutFremantle.

mostlyItalianornotdoesn'tmattera hoot-anystickisgoodenoughfor beatingtheOhurch.

Sinceitisapparentlyimpossiblefor CommuniststocredittheVaticanwith anysincereintentions,itmightbe worthwhiletoinquiretowhatextent theSovieeis''onthelevel."Itisall verywelltoaccusetheCardinal-designateofNewYorkof"wagingactive politicsinAmerica"withouttroubling toproduceashredofevidence.But whatistobesaidoftheworld-wide attemptonthepartoftheSovietto thrustReddominationuponthepeoplesoftheearth?Whenonethinks ofthepuppetregimessetupinPoland, Latvia,Estonia,Lithuania,Yugoslavia,andPersia,andtheminoritybid forpowerinFrance,Italy,Greeceand elsewhere,itmakesoneslightlysick inthestomachtohear"Izvestia"complainingoftheVatican.attemptingthe captureoftheUnitedStates.Perhaps thePopehasthreatenedtheAmerican Senatewiththecallingoutofthe PapalGuards!Actually,thesepersistentdiatribesfromMoscowarethe bestcommentariesontheCommunist loveofpeace.Wherevertheyare inforcethereisnotpeacebutwarintheLabourpartiesofvariouscountries,intheclashofopposingpolitical parties,andintheinternational sphere.

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By FrancisGilbert

TheChanceryofficeoftheNewYork Archdiocese,inanofficialstatement, drewattentiontothissamepointinreferringto"baselessattacksbythepuppetsofthepretenderstopeace."The factthatneithertheSovietGovern mentnorits"stooges"alloverthe worldeverproduceanatomofevidenceissufficientindicationthatthey don'tpossessit.Whenanimportant issuelikethefateofPersiaisatstake, theyrefusepoint-blanktofacethe factsandarecontentwithquibbling aboutprocedure.Whenitlooksasif theUnitedNationsmightgetdownto somereallyseriousconsiderationsof Sovietaggressioninsouth-easternEurope,thepoorbackwardRussianscan onlyhopetosavefacebydiversionssuchasSpain,Greece,andIndonesia.Theanswerissimple.It willbetimetohave"freeelections"in Spainwhentheyhavebeenheldin Poland.AndatleastBritainhasnot attemptedtoimpedetheinvestigationofherconductinGreeceand Java.Buthowcanallbewellwith theUnitedNationswhenthegreatest tyrannyofalltimeengulfsabouta fifthoftheworld'ssurfacewhile continuingthetalkof"democracy"and "freedom"

Theproblemoftheemptycradleis undoubtedlythegreatestonefacing theworld.Priortothewaritwas seriousenoughinallconscience. Francehadadeath-ratewhichexceededitsbirth-rate,whilealltheEnglishspeakingcountries(withtheexception ofCanada)wereinseriousdecline. TheAxisPowershadsucceededinraisingtheirbirth-ratebymeasuresat oncepraiseworthyandabominable. Anyhow,oneEnglishpriestwasledto viewthewarasanattempttoforce contraceptionontheGermanpeople. Howeverthatmayhavebeen,the wholeworldisnowlaiddesolateas Rachelwas,"bemoaningherchildren becausetheyarenot."Thegravity ofthesituationisunderlinedbythe factthatthePopehasissuedanEncyclicalLetterbaseduponaspecial pleaforthepreservationofthechiliren,physicallyandspiritually.Itis apleaforthepreservationofhumanity.Fortheaftermathofwarislikelytobecharacterisedbyanacceleratedprocessofthedrying-upofthe lifesprings.Ifthathappensthere willbenoneedtofearortousethe atomicbomb. ItispleasingtonotethatinAustraliatheproblemofthefallingbirthrateisengagingeverwiderattention, andCatholicsmaywellcongratulate themselvesontheirpioneeringefforts inthisdirection.RecentlytheSummerSchooloftheAustralianInstitute ofPoliticalSciencemetatGoulburn toconsiderthequestion.Speakers agreedthatthesmallfamily"habit" wasnowfirmlyentrenched,thatitresultedfromthe"whitewoman'srevolt againstdomesticity,"thatthejoysof parenthoodwereoverlooked.Allthis hasbeensaidinourownranksfor years.Butwhenitcametothesuggestionofremedies,therewasaninfertilityparallelingtheproblemunderdiscussion.Economicandsocialreforms ofthewidestandmostimpracticable kindwerebandedabout.Butthe rootobjectionthat"ifpeoplewillnot havechildrenforlove,theywillnot havethemformoney,"remains.Itis stillaproblemofthespiritrather thanofhumandevices.Perhapsan influxofforeignpopulationwitha sterner,moresacrificialoutlookonlife mayhelpus.Butasforeconomic measures,Iforone,remaintobeconvinced.

Toruneducationproperlyonemust secure,throughtheTruantInspector, anumberofveryyoungandveryignorantchildren.Otherwisetheywill notbelievewhatyouaregoingtoteach them.Thenyousetaboutleg-roping anumberofparty-educatedadolescents whomyoucallTeachersThesemust notonanyaccountbeEnlightened. SoifpossiblesendthemtoaUniversitytobeUtterlyObfuscated.Otherwisetheywillnotbelievewhatthey aresupposedtoteach.ThethirdfingerintheEducationalPieisachoice assortmentofbewilderedparentswhom youmustbullyandbrow-beatright fromthejumpforfeartheywillstart HavingaSayinwhattheywanttheir childrentolearn.NextinimportanceistohaveappointedaMinister ofEducationwhoisTractableandProgressive-. AretiredTramConductor, Lumper,orTradesHallStoogewilldo nicely,thankyou.

NextyoumusthaveaModernCurriOulum. Thisshouldincludesuch thingsasDates,Sums,Places,Plumbmg,Psycho-Analysis,ReligiousKnow-ledge,Saxophony,AustralianLanguage,American,andHowtoObeythe StateinAllThings.Lastly,youneed aGovernmentandaFreePresswhich,BelievesinEducationandwhichwill respectivelyvoteforandconniireat wastageofPublicMoneyonaMammothScale.O.K.Nowwe'reracing.

TheteachingofHistorywillbegreatlyaidedbyprovidingthelittledears withaslidingrule.ForHeaven'ssake keeptodatesortheywillbewanting toknowWhatHappenedaswellas When.Thenyou'llbeforit!But theslidingruleneverfails.Youcan makethemdoPermutationsandCombinationswithfdurfiguresalmostindefinitely.Forexample,1066-Waterloo;1660-UnionoftheCrownsand Anchors;1606-theIrishevacuate Wales;6016-enterHomoSapiensaccompaniedbyMr.Wellsandthefour Evangelists.Oragain,takethedate 1588-theSpanishTornado;1885-the CrimeMean;1858-RonniePrince CharlieandLepanto:5818-Homo ErectusaccompaniedbyMr.Shawand thefourHorsemenoftheApocalypse. WhatImeanisdon'tbe-tooliteral. Whataboutgivingyourimaginationa go?

BUNBURY.

LANDandESTATEAGIINT, G.H.TEEDE.

'Phone31 Private267 SMITH'SBUILDINGS, WELLINGTONST.,BUNBURY. Businesses,Farms,Hoyes,Land ForSale.

KALGOORLIE.

J.W.SHEEHAN, PRIMEBEEFBUTCHER. HANNANST.,KALGOORLIZ. MARITANASTREET.

Tel.438. Tel.438

iseriminations

"Mrs.

Parkington99

ANOTHERGARSON-PIDGEONSUCCESS

ThelatestfilmversionofaLouis :Bromfieldnovel,"Mrs.Parkington," commenceditsPerthseasonlastFriday.Thatitwillhaveasuccessful seasonwill,inmyopinion,beduemore tothepopularityofthewellknown duo,GreerGarsonandWalterPidgeon,thantotheactualdramaitself.

Nevertheless,thefilmisnotwithoutinterest.Itmovesfairlyfastandhas aliberalsprinklingofhumour,variety andrealism.Attimesthediologue hasasharpnessandfreshnesswhichis '-decidedlyentertaining,andthevarious characterisationsthroughoutareofa highstandard.

ThePlot.

ThestorydealswithSusie,thebeautifulyoungdaughter.ofaboardinghousekeeper,inaNevadaminingtown, whoin1875marriesinhasteMajor AugustusParkington (WalterPidgeon),anunmoralandunconventual promoter,whoeventuallybecomesa financialcolossus.Sheissweptoffto NewYork,andinaluxuriousmansion -quicklyadjustsherselftothenewsun roundings,assistedbythedependable Aspasia,anoldflameofherhusband's. Bymeansofthe"flashback"technique, dramatichighlightsinthelifeofthe Parkingtonsarecleverlywoventogether,andasweswingbaCkfromthe crisisthegrandchildrenhavetodeal with,weseehowthe"Major"andhis ladysolvedsimilarproblemstogether intheyearslongago.At84Mrs.Parkingtontriestohelpherfamily,herhusbandlongsincedead,andwhenwesee herblowthatrebelliouscurlonher foreheadwhenstirred,we she

hasdeterminedthebestcourseher shallow-mindedfamilyshouldfollow.

ABrilliantTeam, GreerGarsonandWalterPidgeon haveyettomakeapoorfilm.Althoughthisfilmhasnotthewarmhumanityof"Mrs.Miniver,"northelofty idealismof"BlossomsintheDust,"it affordsampledemonstrationofwhata perfectcombinationthisis.Oneseems theidealcomplementoftheother. Pidgeonactswithacharmingcasual competenceandcaneasilyadapthis mannertofitinperfectlywiththe manyandvariedscenesheshareswith MissGarson.Sinceher.firstfilm, "Good-bye,Mr.Chips,"thisstarhas rightlytakenherplaceatthetopof thelist,andwithIngridBergmanand BetteDavisformsthemostbrilliant femaletrioonthescreento-day.As SusieParkington,battlingtoholdher husband'slovethroughtheyears,admiringhisgoodnessandforgivingthe badnessheneverattemptedtohide fromher,GreerGarsonissoconvincingthatwereallyfeelherstruggleis oursalso.

Apartfromthefineactingofthetwo principals.GladysCooper,asacynical dypsomaniac,andCecilKellaway,as thedapper,whimsicalEdward,Prince ofWales,areworthyofmention.EdwardArnold,asthedefaultinggrandson,andAgnesMoorhead,asthefriendlyAspasiaConti,werealsowellcast.

ThefilmhasbeenlavishlyprOduced intheusualM.G.M.manner,andthe director,TayGarnett,hasdoneagood ifuninspired.job.

AREWE?

Doweeverstoptothinkwhywe hurryalongtothemoviesweekafter week?Ifwedo,andifwearehon. estandserious,itmuststrikeusas trulyremarkablethatthemotionpicturehasobtainedsuchastrangle-hold overourdailylives.

Wedon'tneedtobetoldfactsand figuresaboutthesizeandconstancy 01pictureaudiences-wedon'tneedto betold,forexample,thatineight weekssuchaudiencesthroughdutthe worldtotalinnumberthepopulation oftheglobe.Wehavetheevidence

trots,oreven,perhaps,toaboxing match, letallthesereasonsa7enotenough bythemselvestoexplainwhypeople areluredintopicturehouseswithsuch frequencyandinsuchnumbers. Doesthesecret,then,lieintheassumptionthattheprogrammesdoto alargeextentsatisfythewishes-the inconsciouswishes,maybe-ofthe public?Letuslookforafewmomentsattheseprogrammes.

Themajorpointtonoteconcerning themisthattheyareremarkablysimi-

CINEMACRAZ

ofourownsenses,wehave,mostlikely,afeelingofpersonalguiltinthe matter;butcanweexplaintheimpulse thatsendsusscurryingalongtothe cinemawithmonotonousregularityyes,monotonous,becauseweareforcedtoadmitthatmuchofwhatwesee doesnotreallyinterestus,thatoften wehavesatonthroughapicturewhen weshouldhavewalkedoutofit.

(Filmproducerssaythatwegotosee thefilmstars,theirluxurioussurroundings,theextravagantclothes,theacting,thestory;psychologistssaythat wegotoescapethehumdrumnature ofeverydayexistence.tobeliftedout ofourselves,toenjoythecommunity feelingwegetwhenwetakeourpleasurestogether.Somepeople,itis said,gotothemoviessimplytobe there.Anotheranglethatpsychologistshaveisthatsomethingfunnyis funnierstillwhenobservedincompany,sadthingsaresadderstill,and soon.Then,ofcourse,therearethe quitemundaneexplanationsafforded bytheextracomfortandcheapness thatthecinemaoffersincomparison withsomeotherformsofamusement. Nobodydoubtsthatitischeaperto gotothepicturesthantotheracesor

EverymanEnjoys Good

larincharacter-thesamethemes,situationsandcharactersrecuroverand overagainindifferentsettings.The dominantthemesaredisplaysofviolenceandsex,andthepsychologists cometotherescueoncemorebyexplainingthatsuchthemessatisfyus becausetheyprovideforourimaginationscompensationforwhatislacking inreallife.

Accordingtothistheory weareboundbysocialnecessity,if notrestrainedbyahigherlaw,tosuppressviolenceandcrueltyofallsorts inourdealingswithourfellow-menbuttheimpulsetobeangry,tohurt, etc.,stillremainswithus.Wesatisfy thisimpulsebyenjoyingattimesspectaclesinvolvingsufferingandviolence. Thuswegatherinstreetstowatchan accident,orwereadmurderanddetectivestories-thesatisfactionofthese baseinstinctsmaytakevariousforms.

Asonewriterhasputit:"Themovies, likethedetectivestory,makeitpoesibletoexperiencewithoutdangerall theexcitementsandpassions.which mustberepressedinahumanitarian orderingoflife."

Sonowdoweknowwhywearecinemacrazy?Isitbecausewewantto rushuponandassaultthefellownext door? -DEGUSTIBUS.

Music

SCHUMANN,MOZARTANDBACHATTHEUNIVERSITY

MusicintheSomervilleAuditorium attheUniversityismusictwiceenioyed,forthereisasubtlebutrealconjunctionofnaturewithart,itshandmaiden.TheraptinterestoftheaudienceatSaturdaynight'srecitalwas evidenceenoughofthepowerofgood music,finelypresented,tosatisfy Everymanand'tosendhimbackfor more.Thatthegradualapproachto themoreabtrusedomainsofinstrumentalmusiccanbesuccessfullyaccomplishedwasdemonstratedbythe inclusionofBach'sConcertofortwo violinsintheprogramme,andbythe enthusiasmwithwhirlitwasreceived. TheperformanceofMissesMarjorie FilbyandNoreenEdwardswasconsiderablyenhancedby.Mr.Edward Black'sprefatoryexplanationsofthe natureandconstructionofpattern music,cleverlyillustratedbyasynthetic,contrapuntaltreatmentof "CherryRipe."The"sisterlyaccord" Hofthetwoinstrumentsbroughtout clearlythefugalprincipleswhichpreoccupiedBach'smind.Bothformusicalinsightandtechnicalcompetency theperformancewasnotable,making theforbiddingnameofBachnotonly comprehensiblebutentirelydelightful.

MissLornaMcKeanwasthevocalist oftheevening,andinthechoiceof songs,theintelligenceofherinterpre-

tations,andtheexquisitepolishofher artistrymadeareallymemorablecontribution.TheSchumanngroup,sung inGerman,wassatisfyinglyphrased, andthespiritofthecompositions.was unmistakeablycaptured.Actuallythe groupwasaseriesofdelicatenature studiesandthepoeticinsightofthe composerwasexpressedwithtrueartistry.

ThreeEnglishandthreeIrishfolk songsfollowed,"MowingtheBarley" and"DownbytheSallyGardens" beingespeciallypleasing.Thesinger's versatilityandrangewereshownoffto greatadvantageinherfinalofferingof "TheMoonandI,"from"TheMikado," and"PoorWanderingOne,"fromthe "PiratesofPenzance."Abeautiful renditionofGounod's"AveMaria" completedMissMcKean'sexactingand triumphantcontribution.

Mr.EdwardBlack,whomadethe commentariesthroughouttheevening, broughttherecitaltoaclosewitha verycompetentplayingofMozart's SonatainGMajorforthepianoforte. Quiet'inexpressionandofcultured ease.Mr.Black'splayingwasnotable forclarityandconciceness.Theacforclarityandconciseness.Theacwerealsoadmirablyhandledbythe -ameartist.

BIRTHCONTROLCAUSEOFCRISIS

Agravewarningto\Australiaemerges fromtheconclusionoftheBritish RoyalCommissiononPopulation,that birth-controlistheimmediatecauseof thepopulationdecline.

TheCommission,whichwasappointedtoinvestigatethecausesandremediesofthedecline,hasissueditsreportafteraninquirylasting18months.

Otherimpprtantconclusionsare:

WhatdetAminedthesizeofafamilywas,increasingly,theidealsandsentimentsofmenandwomen,theirsense ofresponsibilitytothemselvesandthe community,andtheirhopesandfears forthefuture-"alivariablethings."

Foralongtimetheeconomicandsocialpressureshadbeeninfavourofthe verysmallfamily,andtheCommission wasexaminingcloselywaysandmeans toreducethesepressuresandtoentourageparenthood.

Measuresthatmightbetakentoinfluencethetrendofpopulationwere likelytoaffectmanybranchesofGovernment,aswellasmanyaspectsofsociallife,andaclosewatchontheir operationwouldbeneeded,

Thestatement,whichwassignedby LordSimon,chairmanoftheCommission,wentontosaythatwhensocial andeconomicconditionsandprospeCts enteredintothejudgmentofparents aboutthesizeoftheirfamilies,mistakesinsocialandeconomicpolicy mightmeanthedifferencebetween growthanddecline,andmorefacts andcontinuousstudyonthisaspectof theproblemwasstillneeded.

TheCommissionfoundthatin1870 marriedwomenhadonanaveragefive children;60yearslatertheaveragehad droppedtotwo.

Between1900.1909theaveragenumberofchildrenborninGreatBritain was1.064,000,butinthedecadef9301939thisaveragetaddroppedto701,000.

In1919Britainhadapproximately 16,000,000personsunder20yearsof age;in1939therewereonly14,000,000.

Theexceptionalwartimestatistics werenoaccurateguidetogeneralpopulationtrends,theCommissionstated.

CatholicFamilies.

FortheCatholicsofBritain,though theyregardaseriousdeclineinthe birth-rateasgravelyastheircompatriots,theproblemisnotofdirect concern.ThepracticingCatholicminority,whilenotmakingmuchprogress inthewayofconversions.continuesto

increasenormally,comparedwiththe re,t tthecountry,owingtothelarger families.

Thisisparticularlynoticeablein areaswithlargeworking-classCatholicpopulations, greatmajorityof themofIrishdescent,suchasaround Liverpool.

AsforNorthernIreland,itissaid that,theunexpectedapart,thebitter religiousstrifewilleventuallysolveitselfwiththeCatholicsinthecourseof timecompletelyswampingthelessfertileProtestantsectionofthepopulation,

Consequently,EnglishCatholicshave madeverylittlecommentontheRoyal Commission'sreport.Churchleaders andreligiouswriterscanonlygoon repeatingtheirconstantwarningswhichhavebeenequallyconstantlyignored-andwiththerestoftheCatholiccommunitystriveharderthanthey havedoneintherecentpastforthe spreadofCatholictruth.

The"Universe"hasattackedcurrent "socialsneers"atthewifewith"anotherbaby"andpopularmisguidedattemptsto"makemotherhoodfashionable."Themainobectofthebirthrate"quiz,'itpointsout,"istocall' attentiontothetruththataprimary reasonforthedeclineinthebirthrate ismentalcruelty-theheartlessnessof aminorityofwomenandthedistin. gnishingandmoreculpableattitudeof a(fortunatelyverymuchsmaller)-numberofmen.Weallknowthatthe chiefreasonismaterialism,thedecreaseinChristianFaith,andthe dwindlingoftrustinGod'sProvidence. Wherethereisfaiththerearefamilies.

GOODTHINGSAHRAb.

Assoonastheworldsettlesdownto productionmanygoodthingsthatare nowscarcewillbecomeavailable.Will youhaveenoughmoneytobuy?Why nothaveashotatthat£2,000first prizeinNo300bCharitiesConsultation nowopen.Youcouldbethelucky winner. ALEXRODOREDA

ChristianBrothers'High School,Highgate

LEAVINGCERTIFICATECLASS.

SevenCandidatesPresented:Seven CompletePasses;14Distinctions.

ANDERS,John:7subjects,3distinctions.

HEALY,James:5subjects.

JEFFREY,Ron:7subjects,2distinctions.

MILLER,Kevin:7subjects,1distinction.

O'BRIEN,Cyril:6subjects,2distinctions.

RICHARDS,Bernard:6subjects,3 distinctions.

STUBBER,Leo:7subjects,3distinctions.

FIRSTYEARLEAVINGCERTIFI CATE.

5CandidatesPresented:6Passed: 13Distinctions.

IBIGGS,R.:Religion,English,MathematicsA(d),MathematicsB(dl, AppliedMathematics,Physics(d), Chemistry.

COVERLEY,B.:Religion,English, MathematicsA(d),Physics,Chemistry.

DlAVIDSON,J.:Religion,English, Latin,'MathematicsA,MathematicsB, AppliedMatheinatics,Physics,Chemistry.

'FINNEGAN,V.:Religion,English (d),Latin,MathematicsAId),MathematicsBId),AppliedMathematics, Chemistry'(d).

GARDNER,P.:Religion.English, Latin,MathematicsA,Mathematics B1d),Physics(d),Chemistry(dl.

JUNIORUNIVERSITYCLASSES.

33CandidatesPresented:31Complete Passes.

ADDICOAT,Leo:ssubjects.

ALBRECHT,Fred:8subjects.

BLAKELY,Terence:8subjects.

BRIACKENREG,Malcolm:8subjects,

BURNS,Robert:5subjects.

BURGE,John:5subjects.

BYRNE,Colin:7subjects.

CAMPBELL,Kevin3subjects.

OHESSON,Brian:7subjects

000PER.Kevin:7subject,.

DWYER.James:6qiittiects,_ FARRELL,Philip:Ssubjects.

FAULKNER,Neville:6subjects.

GARDNER,Stanley:5subjects.

GLAUDER,Edward:5subjects.

GIBB,'Ernest:5subjects.

GUILE,Rodney:6subjects.

HULLETT,Arthur:8subjects.

JOHNSON,Colin:7subjects.

KERRIGAN,Goff:8subject,.

LEE.Don:5subjects.

LYNCH,Martin:6subjects.

MASEL,Lance:3subjects.

McEWAN,Stuart:7subjects.

MACKAY,Murray:5subjec:ts.

O'MARA,Francis:7subects.

PAXNIAXBrian:7subjects.

PASSARIS,Raymond:3subjects.

Physics,Chemistry(di,Bookkeeping(dl.

Carter,F.:Religion,English,History,Geography,Physics,Chemistry.

Charles,J.:Religion,EnglishtdI, Historyd1,Latin (d1,Arithmetic (d-,AlgebraId),Geometry,Geography(d),PhysicsIdl,Chemistry(di. Bookkeeping.

Chester,V.:Engl:sh,History(d), Latin,Arithmetic,Geometryid..GeographyId1,Physics.ChemistryId1, Bookkeeping.

Chipper,B.:Religion,English,History(d),Arithmeticdl,AlgebraId),

Gunn,K.:Religion,English,History(di,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra, GeometryId),Geography,Physics, Chemistry(d).

Heales,D.:History,Latin,Arithmetic(d),Geography,Physics,Chemistry,Bookkeeping.

Kieran,B.:English,History,Latin, Arithmetic,Geometry,Geography. Physics,Chemit-try(dl,Bookkeeping.

King,R.:English,History,Latin, Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry,Geography,Physics.Chemistry Bookkeeping.

Lee,J.:Religion,English,History (d),Latin,Arithmetic,Geometry(dl,

LEAVINGCERTIFICATECLASSES,1945.

BackRow:P.Gardner,B.Coverley,C.O'Brien.

MiddleRow:J.Anders,R.Biggs,V.Finnegan,L.Stubber.

Seated:B.Richards,J.Davidson,K.Miller,R,Jeffrey,J.Healy.

PURVES,Noel:6subects.

SYMONS,Paul:5subjects.

TOBIN,Brian:8subjects, WALSH,John:5subjects.

WILLOUGHBY,Don:7subjects.

CHRISTIANBROTHERS'EXAMINATIONBOARDOFW.A.

SecondYearResults:

36CandidatesPresented:35Passed: 120Distinctions.

L.,FINMEGANFirstplaceinGeography:equalfirstinLatin.

J.CHARLES:EqualfirstinEnglish;firstinPhysics.

J.CARRIGG,B.CHIPPER:Equal firstinBookkeeping. AlsoequalfirstplacesinLatinand ('hemistry. Obtainedsixth.eighth.ninthand tenthplacesinAggregateMarks. Ashby,K.:English(dl,HistoryId), LatinId),Arithmetic(d),Algebra, GeometryId),Geog&phy(d),PhysicsId),Chemistry(d),Bookkeeping (dl. Barrington,B.:English(d),History,Latin,Arithmetic(d),Algebra (dl.Geomtry,Geography,Physics (d),Chemistry(dl.

Barron,K,:Religion,English,History,Latin,Arithmetic,Geography, Physics,Chemistry(d). Biggs,A.:English,History,Geometry.Geography,Chemistry,Bookkeeping.

Carrigg,J.:Religion.EnglishId), History(dl.Latin,Arithmetic-(dl,Algebra(d..Geometry(d1,Geography

Geometry,Geography,d1,Physics(dl, Chemistry(d),BookkeepingId).

Cleverly,K,:Religion,English,History(dl,Latin Arithmetic(dl, Algebra,Geometry,Geography(d), ChemistryId),Bookkeeping.Physics.

Connell,F.:Religion,English,History,Latin,Arithmetic,Geometry, Geography,Chemistryidi,Bookkeeping.

Considine,M.:English,HistoryId), Latin,Arithmetic,Geometry,Geography,Physics,Chemistry,Bookkeepingid).

Cooper,J.:English,History(d), Latin(dl,Arithmetic(dl,Algebra (d),Geometry(dl,Geography(d), Physicsid),Chemistry Bookkeeping.

Donovan,J.:Religion,English,History(d).Latin,Arithmetic,Geography,Physics,Chemistryid),Bookkeeping.

Dorries,P.:Latin,Algebra,Physics, Bookkeeping

Farmer,K.:Religion,English,History(dl,Latin(dl,Arithmetic(d), Algebra,Geometry(d),Geography (dl,Physics(cP,Chemistry(di,Bookkeeping.

Finnegan,L,:Religion.English(dl, History(dl,Latin(dl,Arithmetic (d),Algebra(dl,Geometry(dl,Geography(d1,Physics(d),Chemistry id),Bookkeeping.

Gibson,L.:English,History,Latin, Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry(dl, Geography,Physics,Chemistry,Bookkeeping.

Geography,Physics,Chemistry(dl. Lynch,L.:Religion,English,Historyid),Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra, Geometry,Geography,Physics,ChemistryId),Bookkeeping.

Lynch,W.:English,History,Latin, Arithmetic(di,Geometry,Geography, Physics,Chemistry(d),Bookkeeping.

McAuliffe,F.:Religion,English, History,Latin,Arithmetic,Geometry, Geography,Physics,Chemistry.

McGurn,P.:Religion,English,History,Latin,Arithmetic,Geometry, Geography.Physics,Chemistry(d), Bookkeeping.

Nelson,K.:Religion,English,History,Latin(d),Arithmetic,Algebra, GeometryId),Geography,Physics, Chemistry(dl,Bookkeeping.

O'Reilly,D.:Religion,English,His)tory,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra,GeometryIc11,Geography,Physics,Chemistry,Bookkeeping.

Pitts.J.:Religion,English,History, Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry, Geography,PhysicsChemistry,Bookkeeping.

Randall,J,:English(dl,History (d),Latin,Arithmetic(d),Algebra, Geometry,Geography,Physics(dl, Chemistry(di.Bookkeeping(dl. Rhodes,B.:Religion,History(d): Latin,Arithmetic,Geometry,Geography,Physics,Chemistry(d),Bookkeeping.

Skipworth,I.:English,History(dl. Latin,Arithmetic,Geometry(d),Geography,Physics,Chemistry(dl,Bookkeeping.

Wednesday,January30,1946.

Slattery,P.:English,historyId), Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry, Geography,Physics,Chemistry(dl, Bookkeeping.

Smith,C.:Religion,English,History (d),Latin,Arithmetic(dl,Algebra (d),Geometry.Geography(d',Phy sics,Chemistry(d),Bookkeeping.

Taylor,C.:Religion,English,Ilistory,Latin,Arithmetic.Algebra, Geometry,GeographyId),Physics (d).Chemistryd) Bookkeeping. FIRSTYEARRESULTS.

39CandidatesPresented;36Passed; 132Distinctions.

R.GIOSPER:FirstplaceinEnglish.

A.URQUHART:Equalfirstin Latin.

AlsoequalfirstplacesinArithmetic andAlgebra.

Appleton,K.:Religion,English, History,Latin,Arithmeticid),Algebra(d),Geometry(di,Geography (d),Physics,Chemistry(dl,Drawing (d).

graphy(dl,Physics(d),Chemistry Id),Drawing.

Gangell,L.:Religion,English,Ilistory,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geography. Drawing(d).

Hunter,S.:Religion,English,History,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra Chemistry(d). Houston,C.:Religion,English,History,Latin,Algebra(d),Geometry, Geography,Physics,Chemistry,Drawing, Kerrigan,I'.:Religiond1,English, ,History(d),Latin,AlgebraidGeometryd),Geographyd),Physics (dl,Chemistry,Drawing(dl.

Lynch,F.:Religion,English,History,Latin,Arithmetic,Geography. Physics,Chemistry.

Laffer,T.:Religion'(d),English (dl,History(dl,Latin(d),Arithmetic,AlgebraId),Geometry(Al, Geography,Physics,Chemistry(dl, Drawing.

Laurissen,\V.:Religion(dl,English,History(dl,Latin,Arithmetic.Al-

Paxman,N.:Religion,English, Latin,Algebra,Geometryid),Geography,Physics,Chemistry,Drawing (d).

Pike,P.:Religion,English,Latin. Drawing.

Ramsay,R.:Religion,English,History,Latin,Arithmetic(d),Algebra (d),Geometry(d),Geography,Physics,Chemistry(dl,Drawing.

Scurry,A.:Religion,English,His. tory,Latin,Algebra.

Smith,L.:Religion(dl,English, History,Latin(d),Arithmeticter) Algebra(d),Geometry,Geography, Physics,Chemistry(dl,Drawing.

Stewart,B.:Religion(d),English. History,Latin.Arithmetic,Algebra. Geography(dI,Physics,Chemistry (d),Drawing.

Urquhart,A.:Religion(dl,English (dl.History(dl,LatinId).Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry(d),Geo graphy(dl,Physics,Chemistry(dl, Drawing.

BackRow:

FourthRow

ThirdRow:F.O'Mara,

Baker,M.:Religion(d),English, History,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra (dl,Geometry,Geography,Physics, Chemistry(dl,Drawing.

Bignell,R.:Religion,English,Latin, 'Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry(dl, Geography,Physics,Chemistry,Drawing.

Baldwin,J.:ReligionId),English, IIistory,Latin(d),-Arithmetic,Algebra.(dl,Geography(d),Physics, Chemistry(d).Drawing1c1).

Barnard,C.:Religion,English(dl, History(d),Latin(d),Arithmetic (d,Algebra(d),Geometry(d),Geography,Physics,Chemistry.

Craig,W.:Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra.

Coombs,R.:Religion(d),English, (History,Latin(d),Arithmetic,Algebra,Physics,Chemistry(d).

Capper,A.:Religion,English,History,Latin(d),Arithmetic.Algebra, Geometry,Chemistry,Drawing. Davey,E.:Religion,English(d), History(d),Lafin,(d).Arithmetic,AlgebraId),Geometry,Geography,Physics,Chemistry,Drawing.

Foley,B.:Religion,History,Latin, Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry.Chemistry,Drawing.

Forte,A.:Religion(d),English, History(d),Latin(d),Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry,Geography,Physics. ChemistryId),Drawing.

Gosper,R.:Religion(d),English (d),History(d),Latin(d), metic,Algebra(d),Geometry,Geo-

gebraid),GeometryId),Geography, Physics.Chemistry(c11,Drawing.

Laurence,G.:Religion(d),English dhistoryd),Latin(dl,Arithmetic(d),Algebra(d),GeometrydI, Geography(dl,PhysicsId',ChemistryclI,Drawing(dl.

Manning,L.:Religioncl),English, History,Latin,Arithmetic(dl,Algebra(d),Geometry,Geography(d), Physics,Chemistry.

'McCarthy,E.:Religion,English,History,Latin,Algebra(dl,Geography. Chemistry(d).Drawing.

McDonald,M.:Religion,English, History,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra, Geometry(dl,Geography,Physics, Chemistry,(dl,Drawing(dl.

Montgomery,A.:Religion,English, History,Latin,Arithmetic(d),Algebra(d),Geometry,Geography,Physics,ChemistryId),DrawingId).

Naughton,C.:Religion,English, History,'Latin,Algebra,Geometry (dl,Geography,Physics,Chemistry (d),Drawing.

Nielson,R.:Religion,EnglishId), History,Latin,Arithmetic(d),Algebra(dl,Geometry(d),Geography, Physics,Chemistry(d),Drawing. Inions,!B.:Religion,English,History. Latin,Algebra,Geometry,Chemistry, Drawing.

Power,W.:Religion,English,HistoryId),Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra, Geometry,Geography(d),Chemistry (dl,Drawing.

Walsh,t'.:Religion,English,History,Latin,'Arithmetic,AlgebraId), Geometry(dl,Geography Id) PhysicslA1,Chemistry(dl,Drawing.

Watts,R.:Religion IdI,English, IIistory,Latin,Algebra,Geometry, Geography(dl,Physicsid),Chemistry,Drawing.

SIXTHGRADEEXAMINATION

Thefollowingboyssecuredpassesin thisexamination:-

Allington,N.:8passes,4distinctions. Anstey,T.:11passes,3distinctions. Broderick,J.:.8passes,1distinction. Burton,G..10passes,2distinctions. Carrigg,M.:9passes,4distinctions. Corkhill.T.:11passes,9distinctions. Crosse,W.:11passes,9distinctions. Clifford,B.11passes,6distinctions. Collins,K.:11passes.4distinctions.

Dwyer.11.:11passes.

Dear,K.:10passes,3distinctions, Forking,J.:7passes,1distinction. Foley.J.:10passes,7distinctions.

Fitzgerald,'L.:9passes,2distinctions

Gibb,F.:10passes,1distinction.. Halvorsen,G.:11passes,4distinctions.

Heales,R.:11passes,5distinctions.

Hayes.G.:8passes,1distinction, Hullett, 11passes,-9distinctions. Hempsell,R.:9passes,2distinctions. Harty,B.:9passes,3distinctions.

Kelly,J.:9passes,1distinction.

Kenn!,P.:11passes,1distinction.

Kieran,G.:11passes,4rlictinrtion,

UV=

Lake,W.:9passes,1distinction.

Lee,T.:11passes,3distinctions.

Lowry,F.:11passes,3distinctions.

Lynch,R.:11passes,3distinctions.

McDowell,P.:11passes,4distinctions.

McComish,L.10passes,4distinctions

MoComish,'G.:9passes,1distinction.

McDonald,S.:10passes,7distinctions.

McBeath,R.:8passes,5distinctnons

Myles,R.:9passes,2distinctions.

Murphy,G:10passes,2distinctions.

Mettam,B.:9passes,4distinctions.

O'Brien,T.:9passes.

Pike,T.:7passes,1distinction.

Pickering.W.:11passes,7distinc. tions.

Rice,R.:11passes,2distinctions.

Ridge,K.:10passes,2distinctions.

Roberts,J.:11passes,8distinctions.

Ryan,K.:9passes.

Singleton,'B.:11passes,3distinctions.

Smith.L.:9passes.3distinctions.

Steffanoni,J.:10passes,2distinctions.

Skehan,C.:11passes,2distinctions.

Talbot,R.:11passes,5distinctions.

\Vatt,E.:11passes,10distinctions.

Worthington,N.:10passes.4distinctions.

BLENNERHASSETT'SINSTITUTE OFACCOUNTANCY,PTY.,LTD., SPECIALISTSINCOMMERCIAL EDUCATION,offerspecialisedknowledgeinunequalledCoursesofup-todateinstructioninACCOUNTANCY; SECRETARIALWORK,PRACTICAL BANKING.Youmayselectyour courseofstudywiththeabsolutecer taintvofachievingyourpurpose,becauseR.I.A.specificallyguaranteeyour qualification-acreditpassinanyexaminationforwhichyoumaysitand anadequateequipmentforpractical work.

PERTHOFFICE:VictoriaInsurance Buildings,100St.George'sTerrace,

C.Byrne,R.Burns,S.Gardner,M.Mackay.

M.Brackenreg,T.Blakcley,P.Farrell,A.Hullett,R.Passaris,N.Purves,S.McEwen.

K.Campbell,J.Dwyer,M.Lynch,D.Willoughby,J.Burge,L.Addicoat,B.Chesson.

Seated:B.Paxman,C.Johnson,E.Gibb,D.Lee,B.Tobin,E.Glauder,G.Kerrigan,N.Faulkner,K.Cooper.

InFrontR.Guile,L.Hazel,F.Albrecht,P.Symons.

44 DEATHS

CHESSON.--OnJanuary26,1946,at herresidence,406Charles-street, NorthPerth,MaryChesson,beloved wifeofJamesChesson,andmother ofMary,Eileen,Kathleen,Alice,.Winnie,Jim.

RequiescatinPace.

GILDER.-OnJanuary13,1946,atSt. JohnofGodHospital,Belmont, HelenaAnn,dearlylovedfriendof theSheridanfamily, MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhersoul.

44 INMEMORIAM 4

OnService.

TELEPHONE:B6950

450HAYSTREET,PERTH.

PERTH,WEDNESDAY,JANUARY3Q,1946.

TRIPLEILLS

Theremedyfortheworld'sillsisthesameto-dayasitwas inearlydaysofChristianity.Theworldmustdopenanceand recognisetheKingdomofGodisathand.Admittedlythehistoricalpositionisunique.NeverbeforeintheChurch'shistory hasthevastbulkofmentobeconvertedtotheFaithbeenalsothe multitudewhohavebeenperverted.Themodernworldcannot cometothevisionofGodwiththefreshwonderoftheoldpagan world.Forthemenofourtime,thoughtheyhaveceasedto havethesubstanceoftheFaith,havelivedintheever-darkening penumbraofitstraditionsandtheirinfluenceoncivilsociety.The chiefobstaclestotheconversionofourwork-a-dayworldare spiritualpride,ignoranceandflabbinessofwill.Tothesimplest manwithintheFaithitispatentthathumansocietyisinrapid decline.Butthemodern"intellectuals"sofarfromrecognising theuniversaldecay,pratewildlyabouttheonwardrushofprogress,theapotheosisofmanandhiscompleteself-sufficiency.So farfromfindinghumilityoratleastchagrinintheirdecadence, theyhavethecuriousyetterribleself-exaltationandirrationalhope whichsymptomisesthespiritualdiseasecalledPride.

Butthepeopleatlargearenotconcernedwiththedenialof supernaturaltruthormoralstandards.Theyaresheerlyunaware oftheirexistence,theircertainty,andtheirefficacy.Theylabour inthedarkcloudofignorance.Nothingbetterillustratesthis factthanthefrequentappealtotheword"modern"asanexplanation,ajustification,acriterion'ofsuperiorityforalineofthought oraction.Tothereallyrationalroanthemerehistorical momentwouldarguenothingonewayortheother.Butthemodernworldisignorant,notonlyinthesensethatitlackstheFaith. butinthesensethat,despiteextraordinaryadvancesinthephysicalsciencesandotherbranchesoflearning,ithaslostthepowerto co-ordinateitsfindingsthattheymightavailinthepursuitoftrue wisdom.Itisthemeresttruism.butincontestableandstartling, thatFaithandreasonstandorfalltogether.Ithasbeenthe Church'sexperiencethatphilosophywasthehandmaidenoftheology.Whenmanceasedtoacceptthemoralauthorityofthe Church,theyverypresentlycametolosegripofthenaturalfundamentalsofthought.Philosophywentoverboardwiththeology. Sothatthemodernworlddoesnotevenattempttoexplainthings bytheirultimatecauses.Inthenaturalorderthemodernworld isguiltyoftheworstkindofignorance-superficiality.

Butthereisathirdelementstandingbetweenthebleaknessof modernlifeandtheCityofGod.Itisthealmostuniversalconditionofmoralflabbiness.Itisnotaseparatedisease,butis intimatelylinkedwiththelossofFaith.Thescepticsofthelast centuryprofessedthattherewasnointerdependencebetween religiousbeliefandmorals.Theyignoredthefactthatthenatural lawisDivinelaw,andthatthemoralconductoflifeislargely conditionedbytheweightofsanctionsbehindit.Naturalreligion hasinfactprovedinsufficientbecauseofthewarpinhumannature leftbyoriginalsin,butalsobecauseofthelackofsufficientmotive formoralgoodness.Couldthemodernworldbebroughttoaccept theChristianwayoflifeagaintherewouldyetbethefurther struggletomakeitpractically,effective.Forthemodernworld isdiseasedinthewillperhapsevenmorethan'intheintellect. Andthisagainisacommonfactorinspiritualpride-thatithasno foundationinreality.Fromthisterriblesloughofthespiritthe CatholicChurchalonecanraisetheworld,Itisintheworldbut theworldknowsitnot.

MITCHELL,ClementPatrick.-Insad andlovingmemoryofourdearson andbrother,Pat,killedinactionat Wau,NewGuinea,February3,1943. Everrememberedbyhisloving mother,sistersandbrothers. SacredHeartofJesls,havemercyon hissoul.

COLLINS.-Ofyourcharity,prayfor thesoulofMaryAmelia(May)Collins,lateofMt.Barker,whodiedat St.Anne's,Mt.Lawley,onFebruary 4.1945. SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhersoul. -Insertedbyherlovingsonsand daughters.

DOWLING.-Ofyourcharity,prayfor thereposeofthesoulofourdarling mother,Ellen,whopassedawayon February5,1942;alsoourdearDad, John,whodiedsuddenlyMarch1, 1938. 0,"SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy ontheir-souls. -Insertedbytheirlovingdaughters, Mollie(Mrs.Frederick),Ciss(Mrs. Coultas),andson-in-law,Jack.

FISHER.-Inlovingmemoryofmy dearhusband,Samuel,whopassed awayatSt.JohnofGodHospital, February4,1938. Theworldmaychangefromyearto year, Friendsfromdaytoday; ButneverwilltheoneIlove Frommymemoryfadeaway.

MULOAHY.-Ofyourcharity,prayforthereposeofthesoulofMary BridgetMulcahy,whopassedaway atKununoppinonJanuary30,1945 0,SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhersoul, -Insertedbyherlovingsonsand daughters.

WIGGETT.-Inaffectionateremembranceofourdearmother,whodepartedthislifeonJanuary30,1935. MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhersoul. -InsertedbyMadgeandHilda.

BEREAVEMENTNOTICE.

MissM.KennedywishestoTHANK allthosekindfriendswhosentmessagesofsympathyinthelossofher dearestfriendandcompanion,Miss HelenaGildea.Shealsoextendsa specialmessageofgratitudetoFathers AhernandDuffy,Rev.Motherand SistersofSt.JohnofGod,Belmont, fortheirwonderfulkindnessanduntiringattention.

WANTED.

Ex-Servicemanandwife(R.C.)wants torentunfurnishedFlatorHouse: willingtodoownrepairsandrenovations.ApplyJ.Zarb,VictoriaPark Hotel.VictoriaPark.

Capable,refinedperson,ascompanion-helpforelderlylady;personalreferencesexchanged.Replystating capabilitiesandsalaryrequiredto "Companion,"Ht.LawleyPjO.

SITUATIONSVACANT.

Wantedboyoryouth,forcountry store,ApplyGrocer,"Record"Office.

WANTEDTORENT.

Wantedurgently,unfurnishedHouse, halfhouse,orflat:anysuburb;rent inadvance:adultfamily.R.S.,this office.

HOLIDAYRESORTS

MASSTIMETABLE.

BUSSELTON:

(Inquiries:Rev.P.Parrelly,The Presbytery.liusselton.Telephone Busselton107.)

SUNBURY:

OnallSundaysandHolidaysofObligation,MassesinSt.Patrick's Churchat7.30a.m.and9.30a.rn MassatSa.m.onabovedaysin SouthBunbury, (Inquiries:Rt.Rev.Monsignor Hayes,St.Patrick'sPresbytery,Bunbury.Telephone:Bunbury141.)

MANDURAII:

Sunday,February3:Massat9.30a.m.

Sunday,February17:MassatSa.m.

(Inquiries:RevW.Clery,ThePresbytery,Pinjarra.Telephone:Pinjarra 27.)

ROCKINGHAM:

MasseverySundayat9a.m.

SPEARWOOD: EverySundayandHolyDay,8.30 a.m.

FREMANTLE:

EverySunday:7,9,and10.30a.m.

(Inquiries:TheOblateFathers,Ade. )aide-street,Fitmanitle.Telephone: L2268.)

SCARBOROUGH:

AllSundaysandHolidaysofObligation:Massat8a.m.

NORTHBEACH:

Massat9.30a.m.onallSundaysand HolidaysofObligationuntilendof holidayperiod.

ALBANY:

EverySunday.:7.30and9.30a.m.

(Inquiries:VeryRev.T.Gilroy,The Presbytery,Albany.Tel.:Albany 129.)

FATHERMCMAHON

RE-APPOINTEDTOSENATE

HisExcellencyinExecutiveCouncil hasreappointedtheVeryRev.John T.McMahon,M.A.,Ph.D.,H.Dip.Ed., totheUniversitySenateforafurther periodofsixyears.asfromMarch4, 1946.

Dr.McMahonwasfirstappointedin 1934,andhasservedasamemberof theSenatesincethen.Besidesmembershiponcommittees,Dr.McMahon isontheAdultEducationBoard.

12

God'sMessengers WhatWeKnowoftheAngels

SPIRITSTHATGUARDUSINALLNECESSITIES

WeknowthatGodowastheCreator ofthevisibleandinvisibleworld.To thevisibleworldbelongthosecreatures ofGodwhichwecanseeandwhichwe canperceivebytheothersenses.But thereisalsoaninvisibleworld, e., creaturesofGodwhichwecannotsee, norperceivewiththeothersenses, namely,innumerablespiritscalled angels.Thewordangelsignifiesin generalamessenger,orambassadorof God.CertainlyinmanypartsofHoly Scripturethewordangelisusedin anothersense:butinthepropersense weunderstandbyangelthoseimmortalspirits,whicharethenoblestof God'screatures,dwellinHisheavenly glory,andparticipateinHisblessedness.Theyarespiritsbecausethey areequippedwithreason,understand ing,andfreewill,buttheyhaveno visiblebody.Theyareinnumerable becauseindifferentpartsofHoly Scripturetherearelegionsofthem spokenof.JesusHimselfsays,"IfI shouldaskmyFather,Hewouldsend aalegionofangelstoMyassistance." IntheOldTestamenttheprophetDanielsays:"AthousandtimesathousandwaiteduponHim,andtenthousandtimesahundredthousandstood beforeHim."Theexistenceofangels, however,isnotonlyprovedbyHoly Scripture,butalsobythevisibleappearanceofangels.AnangelappearedtoLot,andsaidtohim,"Arise,take thywifeandthytwodaughters,that youmaynotperishalsowiththesinfulcity."TheAngeloftheLordcame toElias,touchedhim,andsaid,"Arise

TheyoungTobiaswasaccompanied byanangelonthejourney.Anangel announcedtoZachariasintheHolyof Holiesthathisprayerforasonhad beengranted.Anangelbroughtthe messagetoMarythatshewouldbecometheMotherofGod.Atthetomb ofJesusanangelsaidtotheweeping women,-Benotafraid."Angelsappearedtotheshepherdsontheplains ofBethlehemandannouncedtothem thebirthofJesus.Inthegardenof OlivesanangelstrengthenedtheSaviourinHisagony.Peter,whowas boundwithchainsinadungeon,was deliveredbyanangel.

Inwhatstateweretheangelswhen Godhadcreatedthem?Theywere allgoodandhappy,andendowedwith excellentgifts.Theangelswere createdanddestinedtoparticipatein theDivineglory,topraiseGod,andto beblessedinHisvision;theymust, therefore.havebeengoodandhappy.

ThegloriousgiftswhichGodhas endowedthemwithare:1.TheirsupremeknowledgeofGod:2,theirardentloveofGod;and(3),their promptandjoyfulobedience.

Theangels,however,inregardto theirperfection,arenotallequaltoone another.Therefore.,wedistinguish ninechoirsofblessedspirits,namely: 1,Angels;2,Archangels;3,Virtues; 4,Powers;5.Principalities;6.Dominations;7,Thrones:8,Cherubim;9, Seraphim.

Angelsaregenerallyportrayed.

I.Inhumanform.Theheavenly princesassumethehumanform.That signifiestheirhumility.

2.Withwings.Thisindicate:tbeir readyobedience.

3.luakneelingandpraying:it,tode Thissignifiestheirloveofmanlaind,for whomtheyuncessingleprayandintercede.

4.InwhiteraimentThisindicates theirinnocenceandspotlessness.

Didtheangelsallremaingoodand happy?No,manyrebelledagainst Godandwerehurledintohell.These arecalleddevilsorevilspirits.The angelsreceivedattheircreation,besidestheothergloriousgifts,alsofreedomofwill,andoftheircwnchoice weretobemadeworthyofblessedness. Godplacedtheminthestateofprobation,buttheyddnotallstandthis probation.Manymisusedtheirfreedom,andfellawayfromGod.Asa punishmentfortheirsin,theywere castbyGodintohell,asappearsfrom HolyScripture:"God;parednotthe angelsthatsinned,butdeliveredthem drawndownbyinfernalrovestothe lowerhelluntotorments."(II,Peter, 11,4.)Thenamegiventothechiefof thedevilsisSatan,"Howarethe goodangelsaffectedtowardus?""The goodangelsloveus,thereforetheyprotectusinsoulandbode,prayforus, andexhortustodogood."

1.Theyprotectusinsoulandbody. Weare,forinstance,atalltimesexposedtomanydangers.evenbodily dangers,wherebyourlifemayheimperilled,andtodangersofthesoul, wherebywearetemptedtosin.Our holyreligionteachesusthat:heangels standbyoursidetoprotectusinall dangers.HolyScripturesays:"He hathgivenHisangelschargeeverthee, tokeeptheeinallthyways."(Ps,XC., II.)AlreadyintheOldLawwefind thisprotectingangelspokenof.Poor Agar'ssonwasonthepo'ncoffainting. ThenGodsentanangel;Agarbeheld aspringofwaterandgavetheboyto drink.AngelsrescuedLotfromahorribledeathbyburninginthecityof Sodom.Eliastheprophetwasobligedtofleeintothedesertawayfrom Jezabelwherehewasindangerofstarvation.ThenanangeloftheLord broughtthemfoodandsaid:"Arise andeat!"Thethreeyouthsinthe fieryfurnacewerepreservedfromthe flamesbyanangeloftheLord.Angels deliveredtheApostleshornthechingeon.

Theangelstakefargreatercareof oursoulsthanofourbodies.Oursoul isdestinedforheavenandecernalhappiness.Oursoulisonedaytoparticipateintheblessednessandvisionof God.Therefore,theywatchoverus, chat"thechildofmalice,"thetempter, maynotinjureus;fortheydesire nothingmoreardentlythanthatwe, too,likethemselves,macbehappyand blessed,St.Agneswasagirlofthirteenyears.Shewasrequiredtosacrificetoidols:butnothingcouldmove hertodenyherChristianfaith.By theassistanceofherguardianangelshe wasenabledsteadfastlytoresistall

ChristianBrothers'College

Fremantle

REGISTEREDPRIMARYANDSECONDARYSCHOOL. (ThirdGradetoLeavingCertificate).

RE-OPENSWEDNESDAY,FEBRUARY6th.

Principalwillbeinattendancetoenrollnewpupilsafter January25th.

temptations,andshecriedot*toher tormentors,"Departfromme,myguardianangelstandsbymyside."

2.Theyprayforus,andbecausethey areGod'sfriends,andstandaround Histhrone;itiscertainthatGodwill heartheirprayers.

3.Theyexhortustodogood.As oftenastemptationapproachesus,as oftenastheevilspirittriestoensnare usinhistoils,sooftendotheyexhort ustoshunevil.Andasoftenasthe opportunityoccursforustodogood, theyspeaktousencouragingly.Thus didtheangelsencouragetheApostles, "Goin,stepupandspell:totheeopleinthetemplethewordoflife."

Whenwehavesinned,theangelsexhortusinparticulartodopenanceso astosaveoursoulsfromperdition. Theangelswhoarespeciallygivento manforhisprotectioaarecalledguardianangels,TheCatechismalso teachesuswhatweowetoourholy guardianangels."Wemustvenerate themwithgreatdevotion,hethankful tothem,andreadilytollowtheiradmonitions."Childrencanshowtheir venerationandgratittiitstowardtheir hclyguardianangelsbyprayingto themfrequentlyanddevoutly..Let everyonetakecarethathisguardian angelisnotobligedtoturnsorrowfullyawayfromhimAshagasvoil yenerateandoheyyamholyguardiaio angel,hewillbeyourfriend,yourpacteeter,andyouradvocate.Thegood angelsareopposedtothebadones. Ourholyreligionteachesusofthehad angelsthat,throughhatredandenvy, theylaysnaresforus,toplungeusinto eternalperdition.Thisisprovedby thetemptingofourfirstparentsin Paradise.Intheirenvytheycould notbeartoseehowhappyourfirst parentswere.Thedevilensnared themwithliesanddeceit,andinthis mannerbroughtaboutthefallofGod's image."WhydoesGodpermitthe wickedangelstolaysnaresforus?" HepermitsitbecauseHeknowshow tomakesnaresserveuntoHisown honourandtothesalvationofsouls.

Thetemptationsandsnaresofthe eviloneexhortandinciteustovigilance.

ThereforetheApostlesays:"Youradversary,thedevil,asaroaringlion, goethaboutseekingwhomhemaydevour."(I.Peter,V.,8).Asthelion watchethforhispreyandthirstsfor blood,sodotheevilspiritswatchfor theirvictimsamongstmen.Thisexhortsyoutovigilanceandprayer,for Jesussays,"Watchandpray,thatyou maynotfall.intotemptation."

TheApostleSt.Jameswrites:"Resistthedevil,andhewillflyfromyou." JamesLV.,7.)

Butabove-allthingswemustknow andbelievethattheevilspiritshave nopoweroverus,unlessweourselves giveittothem.

HolyScripturesays:"IfGodisfor us,whocanbeagainstus?"Wemust, therefore,besteadfastandperseverein ourcombatwithevil."Whosoever perseveresuntotheendshallhesayed."

Application:Rememberdailyyour holyguardianangelandrecommend yourselftohiminalldangersofsoul andbody.Avoidsayingordoingany thingcontrarytoholymodestyinhis presence.Incommemorationofthis beautifuldoctrine,thateveryonehas receivedaguardianangelfromGod. wecelebratetheFeastoftheGuardian Angels.Weshouldrecommendourselvesparticularlyonthisfeasttoour holyguardianangels.Whatanelevatingandconsolingthoughtitisfor usthatanangelaccompaniesusand protectsusinavisiblemanner;thata heavenlybeingstandsatourbedside andguardsus!

QUARANT'ORE

1946.

FEBRUARY:

lst-REDEMPTORISTMONASTERY: FortyHours'Prayer(1st-3rd). HARVEY:OneDayofExposition 2nd-DARDANUP:OneDayofExposition.

3rd-WAGIN:OneDayofExposition. 4th-COOLGARDIE:OneDayofEx, position.

STOVES:Relinedasnew;onedayser-

vice:oldstovestradedinonEnamel Stoves.W.A.StoveCo.B6307.

TheStoryof Leopold's SecondMarriage

Inviewofthecriticismwhichthe secondmarriageofKingLeopoldhas aroused,andthemannerinwhichthis marriageiscomparedwiththatofthe DukeofWindsor,itisinterestingto readatrueaccountoftheKing's domesticlife.Thesefactsarereport. edbyMonsignorColle,court-chaplain totheKingofBelgium.

ThetruefactsconcerningtheKing duringhisyearsofcaptivityare,says MonsignorColle,onlycomingtolight now.Hisguidinglinethroughallthe difficultiesencountered,andtheyhave beenmanyandgreat,wasalways:to dowhathisfatherwouldhavedonein similarcircumstances.Thus,atthe timeofthesurrenderofBelgium,when hewasbeingurgedtocrossoverto EnglandandformaGovernmentthere asotherrulersdid,KingLeopoldturnedtohismother,QueenElizabeth, andasked:"Whatwouldfatherhave done?'"Hewouldhavestayed,"was thereplyoftheQueenMother."Well. Iwillstay,"wasLeopold'sdecision.

WithregardtotheKing'ssecond marriage,MonsignorColleexplained theKing'sposition.Inthecomplete isolationinwhichhethenwas,King Leopoldfelttheneedofcompanionship,theneedofadomestichearth. Theterribleloneliness,thebackground ofsorrow,hissufferingasrulerofa defeatedBtlgium,allthis-bornealone -wassappinghispowersofendurance.Thewoundcausedbythetragic lossofQueenAstridhasneverclosed; "TheQueen"isstillAstridandwill everbe.Andsohedidnotchoosea princessashissecondwife,noreven onefromthehigherBelgianaristocracywhocould,withright,haveclaimedrankatcourt.Hewantedadomestichearthoncemore;hesimply choseonewhomhelikedandbywhom hewouldbelikedinturn.

Princess'GreatlyLoved.

MonsignorCollegavethehighest praisetoPrincessdeRhety(conferred titlegiventoMlle.Baels).Notonly didtheDowagerQueenElizabethapproveofthemarriage,notonlydo the.littleprinceslovetheir"Mamy" ("Maman'isQueenAstridstillin thoughtandconversation),butthe Swedishroyalfamily,towhichQueen Astridbelonged,senttheprincelyoutfitforlittlePrinceAlexanderwhenhe wasborn.'Asaresultofthemarriage, theKingchangedcompletelyandbe. cameoncemorehimself.Princessde Rhetytriessincerelytodoallthegood shecan.Sheisutterlyunassuming, verykindtothelowly,andhasremainedsimpleandveryapproachable.She isgreatlylovedinthepalace.She hastravelledagreatdealandknows fivelanguages.Withconsummate tactandfinefeelingshehasgrasped thedelicatepositionwhichDivineProvidencehasmappedoutforher,and shehasrisentoitslevel.

Verysoonafterhermarriageshe madeitherbusinesstobecomepersonallyacquaintedwitheverymemberof thepalacestaff,anddiscoveredthat becauseoftheirduties,somewerepreventedfromhearingSundayMass.She atoncemadearrangementstohavea secondMasssaidinthepalaceatLakken.Likewise,inspiteofwardifficulties,shesawtoitthattheLiturgicalOfficesoftheChurchwerecarriedoutinthepalacechapelduring HolyWeek,andthatduringthenight ofMaundyThursdayapriedieuwas keptupbeforetheBlessedSacrament. membersofthehouseholdreplacing oneanothereveryhalfhour.

PrincessdeRhetyisaformerpupil ofoneoftheConventsoftheSisters ofSacreCoeurinBrussels. H.C.

'Phone

CommunistEnthusiasmaChallengetoChristianZeal

NeedofPoliticalandSocialConsciousnessAmong

YouthMustGivea

DynamicLead

Article.No.7.

Wehaveseenwhatiswrongwith Communism.Isthereanythingright withit?Whatevermightbesaid aboutthemotivesofthisorthatCommunist,atleastitmustbegranted thatCommunismasaworldmovement hasservedtofocusagreatdealofattentionontheinjusticesofprevailing socialsystems;ithasstirredmany Christiansoutoftheirlethargyand theirapathyandmadethemseethe socialimplicationsoftheirChristian beliefs.

ItistruethatmanyoftheseChristians,includingCatholics.asinSpain, hadtowaitforthebayonetstobe drawnandthebombstoburstinaRed Revolutionbeforeawakeningtothe socialimplicationsoftheFaith.Even nowtherearestilltoomanyChristian people,Catholicsaswellasnon-Catholics,whoaresocially"unconscious."

AtameetinginLiverpool(England) inMarchoflastyear,aprominent TradeUnionistandmemberofthe LondonCountyCouncil,Mr.Bernard Sullivan,soundedthiswarning: "Twentyyearshence,ifCatholicsand theworkersgenerallydonotdoto-day thethingstheycando,theywillfind themselvesboundhandandfootby legislation.Catholicworkersmust pulltheirfullweightintheirTrade Unionsinordertopreventtheirorganisationsfallingintothehandsof extremistswhotaketheirordersfrom smiecneelse."("TheCatholicHerald," 9/3/45).

Norshoulditbemerely"tosave UnionismfromCommunism"thatthe Christianworkershouldbevitallyinterestedinhistradeunionaffairs.He mustseeinhistradeunionapowerfulinstrumentforbetteringthelotof theworkingman.Admittedly,Catholicshaveplayedaprominentpart intheorganisinganddevelopingof TradeUnionism,particularlyinAustralia.ComradeSharkeyinhishookon "TheTradeUnions"admits:"Catholicworkers,asabody,havealways been.intheirgreatmajority,loyalto theirclassandhavecontributedgreatlytothestrengthoftheLabourmovement,"(P.50.)Yetthefactremains thatinmanyunionstheCommunists haveshopthemselvessomuchmore "union-conscious"thattheyhavebeen electedtoexecutivepositionsinthe unions,notalwaysbecauseoftheir Communistviewsbutsometimesdespitethoseviewsandsimplybecause theywereardentandinterestedunionists.

ApopularmanualonCommunism ("HowtheSovietStateisRun"),writtenbytheCommunistPatSloan,and ispublishedinSydney,inexplaining awaywhytheCommunistPartyIn Russiawithonly21millionmembers '(hisfigures),inacountryof170millions,isyettheonlylegalparty,says thatthisissobecausethemembers oftheCommunistPartyarethemost "politicallyconscious"ofthepopulation.Thisdoesnotexplainawaythe dictatorshipintheU.S.S.R.,butitis largelytruethattheCommunistsdo

NewWoodStoves:No,1,f67s6d; No.2,-C74s.TwoBurnerHero.Stoves at65s.Hassell's,659WellingtonSt.

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achievetheirpowerhereamongstus aselsewhere,becausetheyarepoliticallyandsociallyconscious,andare energetictoaveryself-sacrificingdegreebothinthepropagandaoftheir ideasandinthepracticalexpressionof theirprogramme.

Communistenthusiasmisindeeda challengetoChristianzeal.Wemight welltakeapageoutoftheCommunist bookinthisregardandimitatethem intheirpoliticalandsocialconsciousness.AlltoomanyCatholicsare blithelyindifferenttomattersofpublicandsocialwelfare.

ItisnotthattheleadersoftheCatholicChurchhavefailedtogivethe leadtous.IfthewarningsofPope LeohadbeenheededbyCatholicsto theextentthatsuchauthoritativeand urgentwarningswarranted,wewould beverymuchmoreadvancedsocially thanweareto-day,andtherewould havebeennocasefortheRedRevolutionisttopresenttothemasses,In 1891PopeLeoXIII.,inhisfamousEncyclical"RerumNovarum,"complainedthatthemultitudeofworkerslabouredunderayokelittlebetterthan slaveryitself,andpredictedthatunless remedieswereswiftlyappliedthena breakdownofhumansocietywasinevitable.Wehavewitnessedthat breakdownintheunhappywarsand economicdepressionsunderwhichmen havesufferedinthehalfcenturythat haselapsedsinceLeoXIII.wrotethose words.

In1931PopePiusXI.,whilegranting that-thewordsofLeowerefarreachingintheirinfluence,vetlamentedthat theywerenotfarreachingenough. WhilePiusXI,condemnedCommunism (ashelikewisecondemnedatatime whentheywerewidelyadmired,both FascismandNazism,pointingoutthe fallacyofState-worshiportotalitarianismunderlyingboththosesystems),he stilladdedthewords:"Evenmoreseverelymustbecondemnedthefoolhardinessofthosewhoneglecttoremoveor modifysuchconditionsasexasperate themindsofthepeople,andsopreparethewayfortheoverthrowand ruinofthesocialorder."(Quad.Anno.)

ArenotCatholicsstillguiltyofthe samefoolhardinessandcallousindifference?OfficialCatholicteachinghas beenclearlyexpoundedbytheBishops' statements,andCatholicprincipjes havebeentaughtbythemintheirpracticalbearingonAustralianconditions andproblems.Butapartperhapsfrom passingpulpitteachingofthesestatementsonSocialJusticeSundayoncein ayear,hastherebeenareallyeffective obediencetothecalloftheHierarchy?

Afewenthusiastshereandtherehave respondedandhaveatleastattempted, throughtheformationofstudyapd discussiongroups,tomaketheCatholic Socialteachingpenetratetothemasses. Butsucheffortshavebeenscattered, havebeenfew;andwhilegallantin theirspirithavebeenalmostpathetic intheirfutility.

WhereCommunistshaveoneTrade Unionleader,wecouldhaveten.For everyonediscussionorstudygroup theyhave(andtheyarewideawake tothepossibilitiesofthediscussion groupmethod)wecouldhaveahundred.Theyhavedepotsforthe spreadingoftheirliteratureofpropagandainalmosteverysuburb;wehave halfadozenmaybeonlyinourcapitalcities.pveryCatholicschoolbuildingshouldbeinuseonweeknightsfor adultstudycirclesor"afterschoolage" trainingdepotsforouryouth.Likewiseineveryparishthereshouldbea

readilyaccessiblelibraryofCatholic readingandpropagandapamphlets, etc.

InMayoflastyeartheCommunist processionthroughSydneystreetstook anhourandahalftopassagiven point,andanobservertoldmethathis impressionwasthatallthe14-18year oldyouthofSydneyweremarchingin thatprocession!OurCatholicYouth Movementsareonlyjustbeginning,and insomequarterseventheCatholic Movementisviewedwithindifference oriswronglyconceivedasmerelya recreationclubordancingsociety.

ItmightbearguedthattheCommunistprogramme,scrappingasit doesthetenCommandments,willhave anaturalattractionforyouthwhich theCatholicprogrammeofself-control cannothopetoequal.Butisthat so,Manis,afterall,aspiritualbeing aswellasamaterialbeing andis thedull,drabphilosophyofmaterialismanadequateanswertoman'sessentialspiritualhungering?Anddid nottheDivineMasterprovethatHis doctrineofself-denialwas,afterall,

Catholics

ayokethatwassweetandaburden thatwaslight?

Theseyoungpeoplewhomarchin Communistprocessionsanddevote themselveswithzealandenthusiasm totheir"Cause,"howeverpaganand distortedtheiroutlookmayhavebecome,havejustthesamehuman spiritualnatureastheyoungpeople who,inotherdaysandotherclimes, leftalltofollowChristincloisterorin missionarycareer,ormarchedoutwith asongupontheirlipstodieforHim. Theseyoungpeopleofto-dayaregropingfortheFaithwithoutknowingit. Humannatureitselfdoesnotchange. Man'sspiritualnaturemaybedenied byCommunistteaching,butifallthe worldturnedCommunistthatcouldnot destroynorabolishman'sspiritual nature.

Inthoseways,then,namely,in TradeUnionleadership,indeveloping of"socialconsciousness"inwellorganised"Cells"ordiscussiongroups,in thedirectionofYouthMovements,the Communiststhroughouttheworldhave thrownouttousoftheUniversal Faithachallenge.Wemustmeetit orreturntotheCatacombs!

PROPERTYMANAGEMENT

Over30years'experienceinpropertymanagementandrentcollectionenableusto offeryouexpertserviceinthisdirection. Wealsohaveextensivelistsofprivate homesavailable ourchaseinallsuburbs. Reasonabletermsarrangedifrequired. Wecanofferyouspecialisedserviceinall branchesofRealEstate.

DUDLEY

&DWYERLIMITED

Whyallthistalkabouta

BUSHIESSCHEME?

THEWOREEXPLAINED.

Nowthatanewyearhasbegunit seemsappropriatetooutlineforthe benefitofnewreaders-and,perhaps, refreshinthemindsofconstantreaden-themagnificentSchemewhereby childreninoutlyingdistrictsare broughtthesolacesofreligiouseducation,andsomeoftheamenitieswhich morecentrallysituatedchildrenare tooapttoregardlightlyastheirnaturalheritage.

TheBushies'Schemewasfirstconceivedin1922,whenitbecameapparentthatsomethingwouldhavetobe donetocaterfortheeducationalneeds ofchildrenisolatedintheBush.True. theyhadsecularinstructionsbypost; buttheChurchhasalwaysheldthat educationisincompletewithoutreligioustraining. SograduallyaScheme evolvedforReligiousInstructionby Post,andto-daythishasbecomea nation-wideachievement.Allover Australiachildrenarenowreached throughthemediumofmaildeliveries, andwemaysmilealittleproudly whenwerememberthatthisgreat workoriginatedinourownState.

Butthatisnotall.Therearealso ReligiousHolidaySchoolsheldannuallyduringthelongChristmasvacation.Thismeansthatforafortnighteveryyearchildrenincountry districtsaregatheredintothelocal conventandboardedfreeofcharge. Heretheyhavearealholidayunder expertcareandguidance,andnot onlydotheylearntolivesociallyand sociably,but,moreimportantstill, theybecomeversedinthefundamentalprinciplesandpracticeoftheirreligion.

Everyonecanseethatsuchacomprehensiveschemeoffreeeducation cannotexistwithoutfundstosupport it,andthatiswhyanannualappeal forfinancialassistanceisconducted throughthispage.Cornerites,old andnew,youngandold,canallassist .bysendingdonationstoeitherAunt ilessyorUncleBob,c/o"TheRecord," hayStreet,Perth.

EachyearwesetourselvesanObjective,andtheObjectivewehopeto reachin1946isthesumof£250.Childrencanhelpalongthisgrandwork bywritinginforpennyprickcards which,whenfilled,areworth2/6. EveryyoungCorneriteshouldhavea prickcardtotrapthosesparecoppers whichareaburdenonthepocket, anditwillsurelybeasatisfying thoughtforchildreninbigtownsand (entrestoknowthatthepenniesthey collectarebeingturnedintopounds, whichwillenableotherlessfortunate childrentolearnabouttheFaithanti, cometogetheronceayearforinstractionandrecreation.

ATypicalDayataSummerSchool.

Hereisanexample,takenatrandom,ofthedailyorderatoneofthe ReligiousHolidaySchoolsmentioned above:-

DomesticProblemsSolved:ByAmericanBlueFlameStoves.AtW.A.Stove 0o.,WellingtonSt.,Perth.B6307.

ExcitementranhighinthePotter householdwhenitwaslearntthat PoppaPotterproposedtotakeaholiday.Thismeant,ofcourse,going downtothebeachhouseatGoodenough. Everyonelookedatthis Prospectfromadifferentpointofview. Mrs.Potterthoughtofitmainlyasan opportunitytogetawayfromthehumdrumlifeofMiddletonStreetandalthoughsheknewtherewouldbeplenty ofworkforheratGoodenough,she (wasalwaysonlytoogladtogetaway fromMiddletonStreet.Poppahimself couldn'tseebeyondtheendofhisfishingline.ButwiththetwoChildren

SUMMER

itwasaneventoffargreatermagnitudethaneitheroftheparentscould beexpectedtorealise.

SPECIALTO"THERECORD"

BYPETERBRIAN

ajackthatwastoosmalltodothe job,Poppajustgaveupindespairand satbytheroadsidewhistlingbetween histeethandtalkingtohimself.Everybodythoughtitwasbestnottospeak, andtheensuingsilencewasbroken onlybyPoppa'sheavybreathingsand mutteringsandthesoundofpassing motoristswhokepttheireyesanxiouslyfixedontheroadahead.

(AtlastPoppagotupandhaileda three-tontruck.Thedriverobligingly lenthisenormousjackforthepurposeofliftingthecrippledcaroffthe road,anditwasn'tlongthenbefore thetwosparewheelswere-inplaceand thePottersonceagainontheirway.

At6.15a.m.thechildrengetup,and at7a.m.thereisHolyMassforall, followedbybreakfasthalfanhour later.At8.30thereisphysicaldrill, andat9comesthefirstinstructionof theday,givenbythepriest.Followii theinstructionthechildrenare givenaquarterofanhourforthe memorisingofprayersorfortheexplanationofthealtarlinen,etc.Then there-isfreetimeuntil10.30a.m., whenthereisBibleHistoryandCatechism.From11.30to12theboys learntoserveMassandthegirlspractisehymns.From12to2p.m.there istimeforlunchandgames.Inthe afternoonthereisagainreading,singing.andrecreation,duringwhichmany anearnesttalkonTestMatchhas takenplace,withalltheexcitementof Lord'sortheSydneyOval.Ashort instructionandRosaryandBenedictionbringthemalltoteatime,after whichthereisrecreation,andthen foranhourthechildrenaskque,Cons whichareansweredbytheSisters,as naturallycroppingupoutofthecatechismlearnedthatday,At8p.m. thereareniitprayersandthenall areofftobed.And,youwillask,the resultThatisseeninthelastdays, inthereverentreceptionoftheHoly Communion,formany-theflockof wildchildren-apictureofrecollection. Thereistheriseandfallofthedear oldhymns-"HailQueenofHeaven," "Jesus,MyLord,"andattheend, "FaithofOurFathers,"ofcourse thereisthereligioushush,broken onlybytheshufflingofthechildren's feetastheyapproachthealtarrails, theretomeetinverydeedHimWhom inthatfortnighttheyhavelearnedto knowandlove-theChristWhom theyknownowastheBoyofNazareth,subjecttoHisparents,yetin. truth,veryGod,WhofeedstheBush animalsindeed,butcaresfortheir ownlittlesoulsaboveallthecreatures ofHishands.

QUESTIONS Answers

Thisweek'squestion-OFWHATUSEAREOURTOES?

Wecouldprobablygetalongwithout toes,butweshouldnotbeableto walknearlysogracefullynorsosafely. Ourtoesspreadoutovertheground andgiveusagreaterspaceforbalancingourbodies.Inthesedays,when everybodywearsbootsorshoes,the toesareverylittleused,butwayback inpre-footweartimesthetoeswere veryvaluableandcapableofmuch moremovementthannow.Theaboriginalinhiswildstatemakesvery effectiveuseofhistoes,andhisfeet arealmostaspliableashishands.Our toeshavebecomepowerlessbecause wedon'tusethem.Apersonwithouttoescouldcertainlywalk,buthis stepswouldbefalteringandhisgeneralmovementclumsy.

ForHarry,agedeleven,itwasthe chiefeventoftheyear.Asfarback ashecouldremembertherehadalways beenthisannualjaunttotheseaside, andhehadthepleasantestmemoriesof expeditionsamongthesandhills,carriedoutincompanywithhisboon friendRoddy.Roddywasthesonof alinesman,whoseworkoftenmadeit necessaryforhimtospendtheday awayfromthetownmakingrepairsat someremotespotalongtheseacoast. Roddyusuallyaccomp'aniedhisfather onthesetreksoutofGoodenough,and thushe,hadcometoknowthedistrict exceptionallywell.WhenthePotters camedownfortheirannualholiday thetwoladsalwaysgottogetherand hadplentyoffun.Roddyusually hadsomenewplaceshewantedHarry tosee,andwhatwith"exploring," ,iwimining,fishingandanoccasional gameofcricketwell.therewasnever adullmoment.

Joan,agedthirteen,hadotherinterests.She,too,hadafriendatGoodenough,agirlnamedDoraSwanston. whoseparentsownedseveralshopsin thetown,includingamodernhairdressingsaloon.OnherlastvisitJoan hadbecomeveryabsorbedinDora'saccountsofwhatwentoninthismarvellousperfumery,andthepassageof anothertwelvemonthsfoundJoandefinitelyhairconsciousandveryeager tohearDora'sviewsonallthelatest inheadstylesandpermanentwaving.

Take-offwasscheduledfornine o'clockSaturdaymorning,thedayfollowingPoppa'sreleasefromwork;but itwaswellaftertenbeforethefamilygotaway,Poppahavingtolocate thecapofthepetroltank(amischievouskidlivednextdoor),andrememberingalso,atthelastmoment,that hehadsomeimportantandsecretive Isohethought)businesstotransacton the.telephone.

Whentheyhadgoneaboutninemiles abacktyreblewout,andwhatPoppa hadtosayaboutthatwasnobody's business.Whenhegotouttosurvey thepositionhefoundthattheother backtyrewasjustaboutflat,andthe knowledgethathehadtwospares didn'tseemtobemuchcomforttohim. Afterhehadlabouredforhalfanhour toraisetheheavilyladenchassiswith

DearCornerites-

Nowthattheschoolholidaysare over,therealworkoftheyearisabout tocommence,andmayIwishyouall thegreatest'successinwhateveryou mayundertakein1946.

I'mhoping,too,thatmymailbag willgrowfatterfromnowon.It's beenlookingrathermiserablesince Christmas.IwanttohearfromCorneritesallovertheState,andIhope

BUSHIES' CORNER

Thefollowingdonationstothe BushiesSchemearegratefullyacknowledged: s.d.

AGratefulOne(Wembley) 50 Grateful 100

HOLIDAY

Everythingwentwelluntiltheywere careeringdownthehillthatleadsinto Nfukden,andthenitbecameobvious thatthe-brakeshadgivenaway,and itwasonlywithgreatdexteritythat Poppamanagedtobringthecarto restagainstasoftbankofsandnear theSbend.Therewerenomoreserioushillstonegotiate,andPoppadecidedtogoonwithoutbrakesuntil theygotintoMukden.

AtMukdenthefamilyalightedand waitedinasmallteashopwhilePoppa tookthecartoagarage.Anhour laterhecamebackwiththedisquietingnewsthatbeforetheycouldgoon itwouldbenecessarytoreplaceamain leafinthebackspringwhichhadapparentlybrokenwhentheywerecomingdownthehillattopspeed.The garageproprietorunfortunatelydidn't haveamainleafavailable,andalong delaywouldoccurwhileonewasbeing broughtfromthenearestbigtown, whichwasthirtymilesaway.

Everyonewasfeelingprettymiserablebythistime,butMrs.Potterhad thebrightideaofadjourningtoa rathercelebratedpicnicspotjustoutsidethetownandsoturningtheirmisfortunetogoodaccount.Poppadidn't seementhusiasticaboutthesuggestion, andsaidthathehadbetterstayand helpfixthecar.Hewaslastobserved makinghiswaytowardsthelocalmilk bar,moppinghisbrowwearily.

Mrs.Potterandthetwochildrenreturnedaboutsundown,sunburntbut happy.Poppawassunburntalso,but metthemwitharadiantsmileandthe goodnewsthateverythingwasnow goingsmoothlyatthegarage,andwith abitoflucktheyoughttobeonthe roadagaininlessthananhour.

Twohourslatertheyturnedoutof themainstreetofMukdenandsetthe noseofthecartowardsthecoast. Poppawasparticularlycheerfulover somethinghehadheardontheradio, andwithmuchhallooingandcheering fromthechildrenandsnatchesofsong fromPoppatherevitalised'28model Chev.spedmerrilyinthedirectionof Goodenough (Thisstorywillbecontinuednext week.)

thatagoodmanynewfaceswillappearintheCornerastheyeargoes on.

OnthispageyouwillnoticesomethingabouttheBushies'Scheme,Read itcarefullyandresolvethatyouwill commencerightawaytoensurethat ourgrandworkdoesnotlanguishfor wantofsupporters.-Yourssincerely, -AUNTBESSY.

ftCostsNoMoretohaveyour PrescriptionsAccurately Dispensed.

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FREMANTLEBRANCH.

Thoseinterestedinwrestlingshould notethatMr.Williamsispreparedto trainladsfortheamateurwrestling championshipcompetition.Training hasalreadycommenced,butitisonly byyourwholeheartedco-operationthat youwillobtainresults,Mr.Williams isatpresentbeingassistedby"Snowy" Steele,whoiswellknowninamateur andprofessionalwrestlingcircles,and whoholdsanumberoftitles.

Allboxingfanswillbeinterestedto knowthatMr.Les.Berryhasoffered totrainanyboysreallyinterestedin boxing.Trainingwillbeonevery weeknightinthegymnasium.The feewillbe2s.perweek.

CLAREMONTBRANCH.

RiverTrip.

TheClaremontBranchishavingits firstnightrivertriponThursday,January31.Themotorlaunch"Valdavia" leavesBarrack-streetJettyat8p.m. forPointWalter.Tickets1/8.The secondtripwillbeheldonWednesday, February13. Enjoyanightonthe river.EntertainmentatPt.Walter.

PersonaL

Congratulationstotwoofourleaders, D.SullivanandJ.Barker,whowererecentlyelecteddelegateandsecretary, respectively,oftheClaremontBranch oftheHolyNameSociety.

H.A.C.B.S.

St.Anthony'sBranch,Midland Junction.

Thefirstmeetingofthenewyear waswellattendedandmanypoints arosefordiscussion.Bro.J,Wale,a formersecretaryofthebranch,was givenawarmwelcomeafterbeingabsentonmilitaryservice.Allmembers areremindedthatthenextquarterly CommunionisSunday,February24. Rev.FatherLynchwishedthebranch everysuccessinthecomingyearand urgedthememberstodoallthey couldtohelpalongtheyouthmovementintheparish.

Thesocialcouncilareholdinga rivertripontheeveningofFebruary 15,andfurtherparticularswillbe availableatournextmeeting.Com petitionfixtureswerereadanddiscussedandagreatdealofinterestwas shownbyallmembers.Thesyllabus committeedecidedtoleavethesyllabusstand,asnoalterationsseemed necessary.

Arrangementsarebeingmad..for bustriptoRockinghamonSunday, January27.Ticketsarelimitedto 50,andaveryenjoyabledayisanticipated.Membersareadvisedto secureticketsasearlyaspossible. Furtherdetailswillbeavailablefrom oursecretary,Bro,PBerrigan.

OurChristmassocialwasheldinthe TradesHallonDecember19,andwas averygreatsuccess,givinggreatenicouragementtoofficersandmembers ofthebranchforanyfuturesocials, andgoodreportsweregivenfrom membersofotherbranches.The districtvice-president,Bro.Willett, presented;Bro.C.Smithwithapast presidentcertificateandSr.E.Lawissonwithasilvercakedish.Amongst thOsepresentwereRev.FathersLynch, Sorohan,McCormickandDuffy,and officersandmembersfromotherbranches.Agreatsocialeveningwasenjoyedbyallanddancingwasthe mainfeature.Duringtheevening Mrs.WinchrenderedadelightfulviolinsoloandMissMaryMarkhamentertainedwithasong.

Thenextmeetingofthebranchwill beheldintheConventSchoolRoom onJanuary30.andallmembersare requestedtoattend.

St.Mary'sBranch,Leederville. Atthemeetingon16thinst.,presidedoverbythePresidentBro.L.Harristherewasagoodattendanceof members.TheMissesMaryWoulf andVernaFennessyandMr.John Sutherlandwereadmitted.Acommitteewasappointedforthepurposeof consideringandmakingrecommendationswithregardtothedetailsofthe forth-comingCelebrationoftheSilver JubileeoftheBranch.Afterthemeetthemembershadanenjoyabletimeat Badminton.AfternextWednesday's meetingBadminton,TableTennisand Quoitswillbeplayed.

OurLadyHelpofChristiansBranch, EastVictoriaPark.

ThePresidentpresidedoverawell 'attendedmeetingonTuesday,January 22,1946.

Allmemberswillbepleasedtoknow thatSr.M.Battersbyisimproving andfeelingthebenefitofherholiday inthecountry. Members,pleasenote,thatagrand reuniondinnerandsocialformembers returningfromactiveservicewilltake placeinourhallonFriday,February 15,startingat6.45p.m.FurtherparticularscanbeobtainedbyseeingBro. Finegan,senr.Wehopeallwillcome andmakethisagrandnight, Awelcomebackwasextendedto Bro.P.Priest,whohasjustrecently beendischargedfromtheServices.

LuckyseatswerewonbyBro.Egan andBro.Whitely.

Nextmeetingwilltakeplacenext Tuesday,February5.Allrollalong andenjoyagameofbadminton,table

ZipLegionofP:arg

ThelateC.G.M.Rooms,St.George's Terrace,havebeenhandedovertothe LegionofMary.Expositionofthe BlessedSacramentwillbecontinuedas usualeveryThursdayfromafter o'clockMassuntilBenedictionat5.15 p.m, LuncheonRooms.

.1cupofteaisavailableeachday between12and2p.m.,atasmallcharge of2d.Allareinvitedtoavailthemselvesofthisservice.

RacingSelections

By''THEHAWK."

BeforeAcceptances

W.A.T.C.

Saturday,February2,1946. KooyongHandicap:Eulogium.1; GayPica,2;Prest,nbury, ActonMaidenHandicap(I):Shahjah,1;DesertSinger,2;HairSpring,3. ActonMaidenHandicap(2:)All Done,1;FineTek,2;GayAggie,3. OrrongHandicap:Stayer,1;Starry Sky,2;AirFlare,3. AscotHandicap:Sorcery,1;Kondinin,2;GrandKnight,3. DurhamWelter(2): Penchop,1; Amalion,2;Oreoco,3. 'DurhamWelter(1):Cylena,1;Melado,2;Carrageen,3.

TROTTING.

Breeders'Handicap:Keysbrook,1; Novonia,2;PollyFair,3, GascoyneHandicap:StepLad,1; DesertLady,2;BedouinMaid,3. BlackwoodHandicap:Sialla,1;Sunvista,2;lobe'sPatch,3. MurchisonHandicap:Arrowood,1; NissenLink,2;Prejudice,3. TablelandsHandicap:FranzFinale, 1;Wilna'sGift,2;MasterWhips,3. FitzroyHandicap:Bingen'sPic, 1:RoyalMeadows,2;Mandi,3. AshburtonHandicap:HuonCloud, 1;NiceVin,2;RoyalHeather,3.

FREMANTLE:

CLAREMONT:

ExecutiveMeeting:Monday,February4.

GeneralMeeting:Monday,February U ShentonParkmembersarebostesaes atthismeeting.

Our

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ELIZABETHCROUCH, onlydaughterofMr.andMrs.A.T. Crouch,whowassuccessfulinpassing her Teachers'Diploma,Prac-' tical.SheisapupiloftheSacred HeartConvent,Katanning,

JUDITHNORRISH, onlydaughterofMr..F.Norrish,Katanning,wassuccessfulinsecuring90 marksforGradeV.Pianoforte,also87 marksforAdvancedPreparatory Pianoforte.SheisapupilofSacred HeartConvent,Katanning.

JULIENOONAN, (laughterofMr.andMrs.W.Noonan, Katanning,whowassuccessfulinsecuring91marksinGradeVI.Pianoforte, also98marksforPreparatoryTheory ofMusic.SheisapupilofSacred HeartConvent,Katanning.

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"Wastheendingofthenewplay satisfactory?"

"Ishouldsayso.Attheenda spectatorinthegalleryhitoneofthe chiefactorsstraightinthefacewith atomato."

* * *

*

Amotorist,whohadafifty-gallon tankofpetrolinreservewhenrationing wasintroduced,consultedafriendas towhattodoaboutit.

"Buryit,mydearfellow,"wasthe reply.

Accordingly,hegavehisgardenerinstructionsnextdaytodigaholeforit inasecludedspot.

Afteratimethegardenerreturned.

"I'veburiedthepetrol,"hesaid. "Whatdoyouwantdonewiththe tank?"

.1hearyouandyourwifehada fewwords."

"AndIstillhavemine.Inevergot achancetousethem."

* * * *

Adinerinarestaurantabsorbed hissoupwithatremendousamountof noise.Thedinwassoloudthatthe proprietorwalkedover,afrownonhis face.

Thedinerlookedupwithagrin.

"IalwaysmakealotofnoisewhenI havesoup,"heexplained."Themore Ienjoyit,thelouderthenoise."

Theproprietorbeamed.

"Then,"hesaid,"youmustbeenjoyingyoursoupverymuch." "Ireallycan'ttellyou,"repliedthe other."Yousee.I'mhardofhearing!"

*

* Hehadbeenanythingbutamodel husband,buthiswifehadnursedhim toconvalescencethroughagraveillness,andasshesatbyhisbedsideone dayhefeltbothpenitentandgrateful.

"Eh,Mary,you'vebeenwonderful," hemurmured."I'monlytoowell awareIhaven'tdeservedsuchtreatmentfromyou.Ican'tthinkwhy youdidit."

"Don'tbedaft,"sheretorted."What elsecouldIdo?I'myourwife,aren't I?And,mercyme,who'dwanta widowwithfourkids."

Mrs.BugginsmetMrs.Huggins.an oldneighbour,whileshopping.

"Howlonghasyourhusbandbeen workingatthebrewery,Mrs.Huggins?"sheasked.

"He'llhavebeentherefivemonths to-morrow,"repliedherfriend.

''Andhowdoeshelikehisjob?"

"Verywell,Ithink.He'snotbeen abletotellmeyet."

* * *

"James,"saidawomantoaninexperiencedpage,"whenacallerhands inacardatthedoor,receiveitonthat silvertray."

"Verygood.mum,"repliedtheyouth, obediently.

Onthenextdaytherewasaring atthebell.Thewomansummoned James. "James."shesaid,"wasthatacaller?"

"Yes,mum."

"Anddidyoupresentthesalver?"

"Yes,mum:hesaidhewasmuch obliged,andtookitawaywithhim."

* *

AcomedianfromScotlandwasbeing interviewedbytheeditorofaLondon paper,andinconclusionheremarked: "Nowjustyemarkmywords!Ifyou makeajokeaboutmebeingamean manfromthehighlandsI'llnever borrowyourpaperagain!"

* * *

Itwastheoldstory.Mrs.Newlywedhadquarrelledforthefirsttime withherhubby,and,naturally,she flewtomotherforadvice.

"Oh,mother,"shewailed."I'vejust hadaquarrelwithGeorge."

"Well.youmustforgetandforgive.

"Oh,Inevercanforgive.Iwasin thewrongyousee."

"Well,then,thereisnothingforit buttodemandanapology."

"WheneverI'minthedumpsIget myselfanewhat,"saidMrs.Smithson. "Iwaswonderingwhereyoubought them,"repliedherbestfriend.-

*

Father:"Ifthatboyofminehas anyparticularbent,Ican'tfinditout."

Friend:-Whatexperimentshaveyou madetofindout?"

Father:"Verythoroughones.I gavehimatoyprintingpress,asteam engine,aboxofpaints,achestoftools, andalotofotherthings,tofindout whetherhistasteswereliterary,mechanical,artisticorcommercial,andI knownomorethanIdidbefore."

Friend:"Whatdidhedowiththe thingsyougavehim?"

Father:"Smashedthemallup."

Friend:"Ah!Isee.It'squiteclear. leistobeafurnitureremover!"

* * * *

Employer:"Whatdidyoumeanby tellingmeyouhadsevenyears'experienceinabankwhenyotsnever hadajobbefore?"

Youth:"Well,youadvertisedfora manwithimagination."

AwealthyIrishmanwhowantedto impressalessfortunatecountrymaninvitedhimtoadinneratafashionable hotelinLondon.

"Now,Paddy,"saidthehost,"I'm goin'toordereverythingofthebest. Youfollowmylead,"

Thewaiterarrived.

"We'llhaveacoupleofcocktails tostartwith,"orderedthewealthy one. Alookofdisappointmentcameover Paddy'sface.

"Hi.waiter!"heshouted,"Iwon't havethat!Bringmeabreastanda winginstead!"

* * TheDutchhavethereputationof beingveryeconomicalandverycareful inwatchingthedetailsofdomesticaffairs,nomatterhowsmall.

"Ileiny!"calledthefather. "Vat?"answeredhisson. "Runoutandcountthemgeese again,Ileiny.''

"Allright."

Heinywent:Heinvreturned "Heiny!"saidthefather, 'Vat?"saidtheson. "Didyoucountthemgeeseagain, Heiny?"

"Yes."

"Haw,manyvosdey,Heiny?"

"Von."

"oat'sright,Heiny."

* * * *

Thestrongmanintheshowtooka lemonandsqueezeditinhishand, savingashedidso:

.:Thereisnotadropleftinthis lemon.Iwillgive£50toanyone whocangetanotherdropoutofit."

Asmallmansteppedonthestage. tookthesquashedlemonbetweenhis handsandgotthreefulldropsoutof it

Thestrongmanwasamazedand askedthesmallmanwhohewas.

"Oh,I'monlyahumbleindividualjustanincome-taxcollector,"wasthe reply.

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THECATHOLICANSWER

bysuggestingthatthenewCatholic Partyisakindofbreak-awayparty, leavingbehinditthatreactionwhich theybelieveistheChurch,andeven liningupwithSocialistsandCommunists.Allofwhichsubtletwistingof thefactsisquitemisleading,asitis obviouslymeanttobe.Thereisno suchthingasaCatholicLeft,andthe People'sRepublicanMovementin Francewouldbethefirsttorepudiate boththesepress-givenlabelsandall theirimplications.

Yourlastremark,P.F.,isfunny, Ithink:HavetheR.C.'sfinallyseen thelightandgoneMarxist?Theonly lightwearelikelytoseeinthatdirectionisaredone,andthatmeansdanger.andImightmentionthatCatholic'sarenottheonlyonesnowwho haveseenthedangersignal,Atlong lastitlooksasiftheworldingeneral andAustraliainparticulararebeginningtowakeuptothemenaceof Marxism.

SUNDAYOBSERVEDAS SABBATHFROMAPOSTOLIC TIMES

"Heretic,"GoonsUs:

DearDoctorSullivan.-Iamenclosinga"funnylittlepaper"whichhas anarticleinitonwhichIwouldlike tohearyourcomments.Ihavebeen alistenertoyourSessionsinceitstarted,andenjoyhearingyouorDoctor Goody.Ican'tstandtheothergentleman-healwaysremindsmeofLord Haw-Haw(nowdeceased).Iagree withyourteachingsonMarriageand Divorce100percent.,alsoBirthControl.ThereisonlyoneformofBirth Control,thatisSelfControl!There arealotofothermattersIcoulddiscusswithyou,butIdon'tliketo wasteyourtime.

A.:Thearticleyourefertoappears inareligiouspublicationknownas "SignsoftheTimes,"anditattacks theCatholicobservanceofSunday ratherthanSaturdayasthe"Lord's Day."Well,We'vebeenoverthis groundmanytimesbefore,buttoboil thevariousargumentsdowntothe principalonewefindthiscorrespondentaskingtheCatholicChurchwhat rightshehadtoalterGod'sowndivine lawwhichclearlystatesthattheseventhdayoftheweekandnotthefirst "shallbekeptholy.Sunday,admittedly.isthefirstdayoftheweek-and thatisjustthepoint.IntheNew LawSundaywasexpresslychosenas theLord'sDay,ratherthanSaturday, whichhasbeenpreviouslyobservedby theJewsundertheOldLaw.And whatismore,theOldLawgivenby GodtotheJewishpeoplebeforethe comingofChristwassupersededin manymorethingsotherthanthisquestion)ofSabbathobservance.Forexample,theSacramentofBaptismsupersededthviteofCircumcision-yetif youdonotadmitthatChristhad powertochangetheOldLaw,either (whilstonearthHimselforthroughHis ChurchafterHisAscensionintoHeaven,thenyouaresimplydenyingthe divinityofChrist,andwearenoton commonground.

-I PerhapsyourememberhowChrist saidtotheJewswhowereatthattime stillundertheOldLaw:"Youhave hearditsaidintheLaw;butnowI sayuntoyou."AndHedeliberately abrogatedcertainJewishlegislation,for example,concerningmarriage.The pointthiscorrespondentseemstooverlookisthatChristbeingGodnotonly could,butdid,abrogatemuchofthe A p

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OldLawandinstituteCommandments ofHisownintheNewLaw.

IfHehadnotpowertodothiswe allshouldgiveupourChristianbelief andpracticesandjointheJewishreligion!However,thefactofthematteris,GodhaddecidedcoattheJews shouldobserveSaturday,andthatthe GentilesshouldobserveSunday.

GodwhenHewasonearthinthe personofJesusChristacceptedtheOld Lawpriortofulfillingandperfecting itbyHisnowLaw,anduntilHis deathHeHimselfobservedtheSaturdayasbeingthedaysetasidetobe sanctifiedbyworshipandrest.But atthesametimeIleHimselfprepared thewayforthechangeofday,which wastobemadeafterHisdeath.He defendedHisdiscipleswhentheJews accusedthemofnotobservingtheSabbathstrictlyinthetraditionalsense (Matt.XII,,1-8).Onmorethanone occasionHerebukedatoosevereinterpretationoftheSabbathlaw(Lk.

10-16;XIV.,14;Jn.V.,9-18; VII.,22).HeshowedHisauthority todoasHepleasedwiththeSabbath. IMk.II.,27-28).Nowheredoes liereasserttheobligationofobserving theJewishSabbath,NeverdoesHe quotethisJewishlaw.Inmarked contrast,theNewTestamentpaysspecialhonourtoSunday.Christrose fromthedeadonSunday,andappearedtoHisApostlesoinSunday.He chosethefollowingSundaytoappear tothemwhenSt.Thomaswaspresent. FiftydayslaterIlechoseSundayfor thedescentoftheHolySpiritupon HisChurch.ThefirstChristiansthemselvesobservedSundayfromthevery beginning.St.Paulrebukedthe Galationsbecauseoftheirtendencyto reverttoJewishcustoms,andaboveall intheirobservanceofJewishdaysas iftheywerestillbinding.

ItwaswiththesanctionofChrist thattheApostleschangedtheda;on whichtheCommandmentwastobe observedfromSaturdaytoSunday, andasIhavejustsaid,oneofthe chiefreasonswastoimpressuponour mindsthetransitionfromtheOldLaw totheNewLaw.Indoingthisthey didnotchangethesubstanceofthe Law.thatonedayaweekshouldbe keptholy,butmerelythespecification ofthedaytoSunday.Andindoing thistheyalsohadGod'sapproval,as isfullyevidencedbythewordsand conductofOurLordHimself,

CANHUNGER-STRIKINGBE MORALLYJUSTIFIED?

"Interested,"Wembley:

Q.:Readingofacaseofhunger-str1kingrecentlyIhavebeenwondering whatistheteachingoftheChurch inthematter.Couldyouletme knowthroughtheSession?Itseems tomethatitcouldhardlybelawfulifitfinishesindeaththroughdeliberatestarvation.

A.:Ahungerstrike,asapolitical weaponagainsttyranny,orasaprotest againstunjustimprisonment,hasbeen justifiedonthegroundthatdeathis nottherebyintendedbutpermitted only,ifinfactithappen:thattoabstainfromfoodisnotinitselfwrong, andthatthepermissionofdeath,a greatphysicalevil,maybejustified forareallygoodreason,iftheobject tobesecuredbythehungerstrikehas agoodprospectofbeingrealised.The Christianmartyrsarenotblamedfor havingrefusedfoodthathadbeenofferedtoidols.Wemayriskourlives forothersandgivetoothersthefood thatisessentialtopreserveourown lives.

Muchhasbeenwrittenonbothsides ofthisquestion.Theissueisavery clearone,andthestatementofprinciplesshouldbeclearandcapableof beingeasilyunderstood.Intheconcretecase,theapplicationofprinciples dependsonthecorrectbalancingof prosandconsandonaknowledgeof localcircumstances.Thefollowing i-inciplesmay,wethink,bestatedas self-evident.:

(c)Suchabstentionwillsurelybe justifiableiftotaketheprofferedfood wouldbesinful.Thiswassointhe caseoftheChristianmartyrs,forto takethefoodwouldhavesavouredof apostasyandwouldhavegivengreat scandal.

(d)Inthemodernhungerstrike,if theimprisonmentisjust,thecomplete abstentionfromfoodwouldbeimmoral. le)Iftheprisonerintendtostarve tilldeath,andintendalsothathis deathshallbethemeansofbringing deservedodiumuponhisenemies,it

seemsthathewouldintendfirsttoinflictonhimselfagreat,,evil,namely, death,thatitmightserveasameans toagoodend.This,wethink,is morallywrongevenwhenimprisonmentisunjust.

)(f)Ifitisthoughtthatthereisa goodchanceofbeingfreedfromprisonbeforedeathensues,torefuseall foolwouldbejustifiablewhentheimprisonmentisunjustandwhenthe goodtobeattainediscommensurate withthebodilyharm,shortofdeath, thatispermitted.

(a)Nointention,howevergood,will makeabadactionmorallyright.In thecaseofthehungerstrike,itisof firstimportancetoexaminethemeans employed,forwehavetobecarefulto excludemotivewhenwearejudgingof meansonly,

(b)Themeansemployedareabstentionfromallfood,eventothepointof actualdeath,ifnecessary.

"Once

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"ANEMERALDINPAWN."

ThisbookcontainsfactsabouttheCatholicChurchrelatedin storyform.Grippingandexcitingineverychapter,theIrish sentimentshowninthisbookwillappealstronglytoavery widecircleoffriends.

"THEPICTURE

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"THESHADOWOFAPEARL."

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WEREYOUONEOFTHELUCKYONESTHISTIME IFNOT,GETYOURTICKETFROMCHARLESWATSON