The Record Newspaper 28 June 1944

CGM

"WesolemnlydedicatetheC.G.M.to thee,ourFounderfromonhigh-or ratherwegivebackintothybeautiful handstheMovementthatyoufirst gavetous."

ConsecratedtoIllothergod

BeautifulCeremonyatGeneral Rallyin-St.Mary'sCathedral

HisGracetheArchbishopCongratulates LeadersandMembers

MovementtoSpreadtoParishes Membershipnowwellover1,000

InthepresenceofHisGracetheArchbishop,thehundredsofmembers oftheC.G.M.gatheredinSt.Mary'sCathedral,consecratedtheirMovement totheMotherofGodonSundaylast.The'GeneralRally,duringwhichthe ceremonytookplace,waswellattended.TheArchbishopaddressedthe girlsandmanyoftheparentswhowerealsopresent.

AftertheActofConsecration,thePresidentoftheC.G.M.,Kathleen Frawley,andVice-President,MargaretGray,presentedamagnificentbouquetofflowerstotheBlessedVirginasagestureofloveandgratitudefrom themembers.ItwasplacedbeforeastatueofOurLadythathadbeenespeciallyerectedintheSanctuary.

TheChaplain,FatherLalor,preachedtheoccasionalsermon,andthefunc tionclosedwithPontificalBenedictionbyHisGrace,assistedbyRev. FathersMcGillicuddy,O'FarrellandLalor.

ThebigcrowdgatheredafterwardsintheCathedralHall,where,during aninformalafternoonteasthememberswerepresentedtoArchbishopPrendivine.

TheLegionofMarywasrepresentedat.theRallybyBro.Mulliganand SisterMcAdam,PresidentandVice-President,respectively,ofComitium.

IdealsandSpiritofthe C.G.M.

CatholicActioninits HighestForm

TherehavebeenmanythrillingoccasionsfortheC.G.M.overthepasttwo years,saidFatherLalor,inthecourse ofhissermon.Butnonehaveapproachedintheirspiritualsignificance orevenperhapsintheirmerelyexternaysuccesstheRallythatyouhave organisedthisafternoonasaneloquent tributeofloveandfaithintheChrist oftheEucharist,andasanexpression ofyourgratitudeanddevotiontoHis exquisiteMother.yourFounderfrom onhigh.

Itistrulytypicalofthespiritof yourMovement,andofthedeepand

radiantunderstandingofthesecretof Marythatanimatessomanyofyour mempers,thatyoucouldthinkofno morefittingexpressionofthatgratitudeanddevotiontoMarythantoconsecrateyourMovementtoher,the MotherofGod.Fritwasshewho reallycalledintobeingtheC.G.M.;she whohasaskedeachoneofyouasmembersofherMovementtoco-operatein herworkofdispensingthegraceher Sonhaswonforus.It;sshewhohas placedsohighatrust,sogreatand gravearesponsibilityonyouryoung shetulders.Thattrustisthedeeper knowledgeandloveofChristherSon thatshehasgivenyou,andthegreat andgraveresponsibilityisthespread. ingaboutyouinyourhomes,inyour officesandyourplayingfieldsthat samedeeperknowledgeandloveof ChristherSon.

Andmanyofyouhavegraspedso

"Maythatloveofthinebe thespiritofourMovementalovethatislike"fireonthe earth."

quicklyandsoclearlythecardinal pointindevotiontoMaryherself.You havesetyourselvesthegloriousmissionofdiffusingthroughoutthelength andbreadthoftheArchdiocese,and aboveallintheheartsofallyourmembers,areal,intenseandaltogethernew devotiontoMary.Foryouhaveunderstoodthegreatsecretofallapostolate,thatthesurestwayofbringing soulstoChrististobringthemfirstto Mary.Havingbroughtthemtothe Motheryouleavetheminsafehands, forinamyriadbeautifulwaysshewill revealtothemherSon.Shewill teachothers,asshehasalreadytaught somanyofyou,toseelifethroughher owneyes,andsotounderstandasonly she'everunderstodherSon,theMass, theSacraments,andallthemysteries Herevealedtous.Oh,whatamission isyours,girlsoftheC.G.M.!

HereintheWestyouhavesetahigh example-forthatweallaregrateful. Yourenthusiasmhasbeenaninspiration,yourall-conqueringfaithhasbeen aconsolation,andthisRallyto-daybut provesthatyourleadershavewonthe loyaltyofyourthousandandthirty membersNOTtothemselvesalone,but rathertothecauseforwhichthey haveprayedsomuch,andgivenso much,yes,andevensufferedsomuch! Maythegrowthanddevelopmentof theC.G.M.continue;andmayyou soonhaveleaders'groupsineveryparish,foritisnowtimefortheMovementtobegintospreadthroughout theparishesoftheArchdiocese.If itisaMOVEMENTitMUSTspread, andnowthetimehascomewhenyou arereadytoextendandbuildupon thesoliddeepfoundationsthatyou havelaid.

NoritisbeforetimethatyourMovementhascometoweldourCatholic girlsintoanarmyofapostles.We liveinanagethathaschallengedthe integrityofYouth.Theyworkand laughandstruggletd-dayinaworld gonemad,inaworldthathasforgottenChristandlustitssenseofvaluesacynical,carnalworldofunbelief.And inthatworldyouhavesetouttobecomealeavenofsanity,ofbeliefin ChristandinHiscause,thattremendousworkofourincorporationinto HisMysticalBodythroughtheSacramentofHisEucharisticBody.Itis theMotherofChristwhohascalled youandbegsofyouto"'stirthegrace thatis'withinyou"throughyourConfirmation,theSacramentofyourpriesthoodandofCatholicAction. iti»notthatyouhaveaskedherto helpyouinyourwork,butratherthat she.haschosenyoutoco-operatewith herinherworkasDispenserofall graces,andCo-redemptrixofthehumanrace.WhatgraceChristwonfor usuponthecrossisgiventoherto youroutintheredemptionandperfectingofyourwomanhood.Andin thatgloriousworkMaryhaschosen h,r.ANnapostkv:shehaschosenyou. TodoitmoreelectivelyshehasformedherownMovementandinfusedinto itherownspirit.Ifperhapsmany seemnotyettohavecapturedit,rememberyouhaveonlyjustbegun,and, pleaseGod,timewillbringthefulness offaithanddevotionandgenerosity thatshelooksforfromyou,herchosen ones. Girls,alreadyyouhaveresponded magnificentlytoherappeal.Icongratulateyouwithallmyheart,andinher

(ContinuedonPage6.)

TheOxfordMovement

"APersonalReligion"Advocated

The"OxfordMovement'wasaneffortonthepartofprominentAnglicansassociatedwithOxfordUniversity toawakenatruesjiritofreligionin theAnglicanChur.%,tofightagainst theacceptedProtestantinterpretation ofAnglicanism,andtointroduceamongstAnglicansbothCatholicdoctrinesandCatholicformsofworship.

TheMovementbegat'in18.3.1.when oneofthegroup,Rev.JohnKeble, preachedaprovocativesermononthe "NationalApostasy,"orEngland's driftagefromtheFaith.Associated withKebleweresuchOxfordmenas Froude,Palmer,Mozley,Percival, Ward,Posey,andNewman.About twomonthsafterKeble'sfamoussermon,thegroupdecidedtopublishregularleaflets,called"Tractsforthe Times,"withtheobjectofpopularisingtheCatholicoutlookamongAnglicans.These"Tracts"arousedalot ofoppoSitiononthepartoftheProtestantAnglicans;butthestorm reacheditsheightwiththepublication of"TractXC."This"Tract"triedto showthatthe"Thirty-NineArticles" oftheChurchofEnglandwerecapable ,ofaninterpretationentirelyinharmonywithCatholicteaching.AnglicanBishopsthroughoutEnglanIcondemned"TractXC"asadishonestevasionofthetruesenseoftheArticles, insistingintheirProtestantcharacter. Andtheyforbadethepublicationof further"TractsfortheTimes."

Strictlyspeaking,the"OxfordMovement"wasbroughttoanendwhen dieAnglicanBishopscondemned "TractXC,"andforbadefurther "Tracts."BelievingfirmlyinCatholicteachings,andfindingthatthe ChurchofEnglandrepudiatedthem, Newman,followedbymanyfriends, lefttheAnglicanChurchandjoined theCatholicChurch.Bytheyear 1845,notonlyNewman,butWard, Dalgairns,Faber,Oakeley,Christie, andmanyothershadbecomeCatholics:andthe"OxfordMovement"as 'suchhadcollapsed.Butthosewho remainedintheAnglicanChurch, thoughtheycontentedthemselves withmoregentleandgradualmethods,continuedtoadvocateCatholic doctrinesandpractices,foundirthe

"Anglo-CatholicParty"intheChurch ofEnglandasopposedtoLowChurch Protestants The"Anglo-Catholics" havemadeconsiderableprogresswithintheranksofAnglicanism,though theyarestillbutaminoritygroup.

"Anglo-Catholics"themselvesare dividedintovariousgrades.Sonic extremelyIlighChurchmenaccept practicallythewholeofCatholicteach ingexcepttheInfallibilityofthePope andhisuniversaljt.risdiotionoverthe ('hurch.Theycouldnotaccept thesetwodoctrinesandcontinuetoremainoutsidetheCatholicChurch. Othersaccept,somemore,andsome lessofCatholicdoctrinesandpractices accordingtotheirindividualtastes. ButofallAnglo-Catholics,wemust saythattheycompletelydifferfrom Catholicswherethemotiveiffaith isconcerned.TheCatholicaccents ashismotivetheauthorityofChrist vestedinandexercisedthrough11-e teachingChurchHeestablished"Anglo-Catholics"rely,ultimately,ontheir ownjudgmentandpreferences.They haven'ttheCatholicnotionoffaith.

Ithasbeensaidthatthe"Oxford Movement"recommendsa"personal religion."Theexpression,"apersonal religion,"canbetakeninoneoftwo ways.'Onemightintendbythata religioninventedforoneself.Soa manmightsay,"Ibelongtono Church.Ihaveareligionofmyown, andthatwilldome."Inthatsense the"OxfordMovement"certainlydid notrecommendapersonalreligion.It didrecommendapersonalreligionin thesenseofsincerityandfervouras opposedtomereformalitiesandlethargy.Whenthe"OxfordMovement" originated,theChurchofEnglandwas characterisedchieflybyastolidindifferenceonthepartofbothclergyand laityalike.Gladstonesaidthatthe stateofaffairswas"dishonouringto Christianity,disgracefultothenation, anddisgracefulmostofalltothe much-vauntedreligioussentimentof theEnglishpubilc."The"Oxford Movement"setouttoshockpeople intoasenseofreligiousresponsibility, andtomakeAnglicanspersonallyreligiousandfervent,takingtheirreligion seriously.

TheColonialMutualFireInsurance COMPANYLIMITED.

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W.L.CARTER,Manager.

VisitofRev.BrotherMackey

WelcomedbyChristianBrothers

GreatlyImpresssd

ByWhatHeHasSeen

OnThursday,May11,theBrothers oftheCommunitiesinandaround PerthassembledintheAuditoriumof C.B.C.,Perth,totenderawelcometo theBrotherProvincial(Rev.Brother 1.L.Mackey).

Rev.BrotherT.B.Garvey(Superior ofPerth)presided,andtherewasafull attendanceofBrothers.

TheBrotherConsultor(Rev.BrotherJ.F.Doyle)waspresent,and messagesofwelcomewerereceived fromtheCommunitiesatTardunand Kalgoorlie.

InwelcomingtheBrotherProvincial,theRev.Chairmansaidtherewere threereasonswhythisoccasionwasa happyone:(1)TheBrotherProvincialcameasthedirectrepresentative oftheSuperiorGeneral;(2)hecame astheBrotherwhowasresponsiblefor thespiritualandmaterialwelfareof theAustralianProvince;and(3),the BrotherProvincialcameIsonereturningtothesceneofpastlabours.Per. haps,itwasinthislastcapacitythat hefoundgreatestpleasure,becauseof thewonderfulrecordofhisworkas SuperiorofFremantleduringaperiod ofsixyears.

TheBrotherswerealldelightedthat theBrotherProvincialhadfoundit possibletocomeoverandmeetthem andtoviewtheexpanseofworkin WestAustralia.

Continuing,theRev.Chairmansaid thathecould,onbehalfofeveryone present,assuretheBrotherProvincial oftheirwholeheartedco-operationwith himinfurtheringtheinterestsofthe congregation.

ReferringtotheBrotherConsultor (Rev.BrotherJ.F.Doyle),hesaidit wasapleasuretowelcomehimtothe West.Hehopedthathisstaywould beahappyone,a*thatwhenhisvisit wasoverhewouldbejustasgreatan enthusiastforW.A.assomeofthe othermembersoftheCouncilwere.-

ThetoastoftheBrotherProvincial wasproposedbyRev.BrotherG.Hyland,B.A.(SuperiorofLeederville).

BrotherHylandcongratulatedthe BrotherProvincialonhisappointment asrepresentativeoftheSuperiorGeneralinthisflourishingProvince.The selectionoftheGeneralCounciland oftheVeryRev.ApostolicVisitorwas ahappyone.HehopedtheBrother Provincialwouldenjoyhisvisitto W.A.Heexpressedthepleasureit wasforhimtoproposethetoastofthe BrotherProvincial.Withthistoast helinkedalsothatoftheBrotherConsultor,whowasmakinghisfirstvisitto W.A.

ThetoastsweresupportedbyRev. BrotherV.Green,B.A.(Superiorof Aquinas),andwerehonouredenthusiasticallybytheassemblageofBrothers.

ityandgreatcordialityhefousid amongsttheBrothersgavehimgreat inspiration.Hesaidthat,withthe heartyco-operationofalltheBrothers, theworkoftheirgreatleader(theBrotherProvincial)wouldbecharacterisedbysolidprogress.Hethanked theBrothersfortheirwelcomeandfor theheartywayinwhichtheyhonouredthetoastproposedbytheSuperior ofLeedervilleandsecondedbythe SuperiorofAquinas.

Amusicalprogrammeorganisedby Rev.BrotheiL..B.Tevlinaddedtothe evening'senjoyment,andtherepaSt, whichwasappreciatedbytheBrothers, waspreparedunderthedirectionof Rev.BrotherT.I.Dowd.

ThetoastoftheChairmanwasproposedbytheBrotherProvincialsad dulyhonoured.

Averyhappyeveningendedwith thesingingof"AuldLangSyne."

She'llchangealotinanother year,butshe'llneverbesweeter thansheisto-day.Keepthat sweetnessfortheyearstocome. HaveanewPortraitmadenow. RingB8833fortheappointment.

LANGHAMSTUDIOSLTD.

CENTRALARCADE HAYSTREET,PERTH

TheBrotherProvincialwasloudly applaudedwhenherosetoreply.He saidhewasdelightedtogetback,tothe West,wherehehadspentsixofthe happiestyearsofhislife.Hewas pleasedtonotethegreatprogressthe schoolshadmade.Everywherehe wenthefoundschoolscrowdedto overflowing.Thiswasveryconsoling to.'himandshouldimpressoneachBrotherthegreatgoodhewasdoingfor God,forAustralia,andfor-ourown Congregation.HespokeencouraginglytotheBrothersofthegoodreputa. tiontheCongregationheldwith*the Archbishops,Bishopsandclergy throughoutAustralia,andhesaidhe hadnomisgivingsforthefuture.With theloyalco-operationofBrothersConsultors,BrothersSuperiors,andmembersofCommunities,hisworkwould bemadeeasy.HethankedtheBrothersfororganisingthisfunctionand recommendedsocialgatheringsofthis kindasbond'sthatbindtheBrothers closertogetherinthatcordialfriendshipthatshouldalwaysbepresentin aReligiousCongregation.

TheBrotherConsultor(Rev.Brother J.F.Doyle)saidhewasdelightedto lieinW.A.,ofwhichhehadheardso much.Hewasgreatlyimpresseiwith whathehadalreadyseen.Thechar-

St.Patrick'sBranch.

AtthelastmeetingofSt.Patrick's BranchtheGrandPresidentanddicersoftheDistrictBoardpaidthecustomaryannualvisitandreceiveda verycordialreceptionfromtheofficers andmembers,amongwhomwasBro. T. whohadjustreturned fromtheEasternStates,whereh.:had representedthisStateattheTriennial ConferenceoftheSociety.

InwelcomingtheDistrictBoard,the president(Bro.P.J.O'Reilly)and Bro.T.E.O'Donoghue(secretary) gaveinterestingdetailsoftheposition ofthebranch.

Inresponse,membersweretreatedto threeexcellentaddressesfromthe GrandPresident(Bro.Finnegan), GrandTreasurer(Bro.Felton),and GrandSecretary(Bro.Edwards).

Thesethreeofficersgivemostinterestinginformationregardingthesplen didprogressbeingmadebytheSociety;theassistancetothelargenumberofmembersinthevariousForces, andanoutlineoftheproposalsfthe, FederalGovernmentinregardto FriendlySocieties.

AfterthemeetingtheBoardmemberswereentertainedatsupperina mannerreminiscentofSt.Patrick's Branchoflongago.

DistrictBoardVisitstoBranches.

Onthe1st.inst.,theDistrictBoard visitedSt.Kevin'sBranch,Subiaco, andfoundthatsplendidprogresshad beenmadeduringtheyear,29new membershavingbeeninitiated.The branchisfunctioningwellandthe prospectsarethatprogressineves greatermeasurewillbemadeduring thecomingyear.On12th.inst.St. Patrick'sBranchwasvisited,andit wasfoundthat,althoughitdidnot makeverymuchheadwayduringthe year,neverthelessitis,asusual,ina goodsolidpositionandparticularly wellmanaged.

St.LawrenceO'Toole'sBranch,Maylands,willbevisitedon28th.inst.,St. Anthony'sBranch,MidlandJunction, onJuly19,andSt.Canice'sBranch, Cottesloe,onJuly26.

St.Brigid'sBranch,WestPerth. Atthemeetingon12th.inst.,there wasagoodattendanceofmembers, presidedoverbythepresident,Sister JeanConway.Onenewmemberwas nominated.Afterthemeetingthe membershadamostenjoyabletimeat badminton.

ForSaucepans,Dishes,Babies'Baths, FluePipesforStoves,BathHeaters, tryHassell's,559WellingtonStreet.

thirdOrderof$1.'frauds

MembersoftheCounciloftheabove Orderareremindedthat,aspre-arranged,ameetingwillbeheldintheFransiva*ClubRoomsat8p.m.onWed. aesday,June28,whichWednesdayprecedesthefirstgeneralreunion,July 2.Allpromotersareveryearnestly requestedtoattendthisCouncilmeeting.

TheNoviceMistrescanbefound eachWednesdayfrom2to4p.m.inthe ClubRooms,togiveinstructiontointendingmembers,ortoprovidemanuals,badges,scapulars,orcordstoany Tertiary.

TheThursdayluncheons,withinterestingtalks,continueeachweek.

Arrangementsmaybemadef,e NuptialMas-breakfastsorafternoon teas,totakeplaceattheClub.ForinformationseeorwritetotheSecretary,FranciscanSocialClub.Bon MarcheBuildings(secondfloor),Barrack-street.

AnymessagecanbewrittenonnotebookatdoorofClub;orplacedinletterboxthereshouldnoonebeinroom.

"DeusMeusetOmnia."

CatholicTeachers' Guild

Followingtheanimateddiscusiion atthelastmeetingoftheDiscussion Groupon"TheInfallibilityofthe Pope,"ourChaplain,Rev.FatherJ. Murphy,promisedtoaddressmembers on"ThePapacy."Hislecturewillbe givenonThursday,June29,atRp.m., atBactohHouse. WearepleasedtowelcomeMissM. Cusackasourlatestcountrymember. Reportsfromthecountryindicate whatsplendidworkourmembersare doingforthechildreninareasremote fromChurch-workwhichhelpsto sowthe'beedofFaithandnurtureit throughchildhoodyears.Wehope thatGuildmembers'inthecountry willmakefulluseofthesplendidpamphletlibrary,andwecanassurethem thattheChaplain,theEcclesiastical Adviser(Rev.J.Doyle,S.j.)andmembersoftheexecutivearealwaysready toadviseandhelp.

LeagueofCatholic Youth,Subiaco

AfootballmatchplayedagainstFremantlePoliceBoysonJune 17, resultedinIgoodwinfortheL,C.Y. Outofsixmatchesplayedsofarthe L.C.Y.footballteamhaswonthree. Thisisaverygoodperformance,and themembersoftheteamdeservethe club'sbestcongratulations.

Thenumberattendingthedancing classesonWednesdayeveningsisincreasingastheweeksgoby.Progress isbeingmadeintheratherfree-style movementsofthemoderndances,and someofthepupilsarebecomingmore thanacredittotheirteachers.

CASEY-FLAHERTYWEDDING

Itwaswithdeepregretthatrelatives andthemanyfriendsofMrs.A.M. Speedy(Dynan)learnedofhersudden deathonMay25,atherhome,108Angove-street,NorthPerth,attheageof 62

ShewasbornatDeloraine,Tasmania, andcametoW.A.over40yearsago, 'whensheresidedatLeonorafora timeandlaterbecameapopularfigure inBoulder,whereformanyyearsshe waslicenseeoftheGoldfieldsGroup Hotel.Inlateryearssheresidedat Perth,andtheninNorthPerth.

Itwasapleasureandaprivilegeto knowher,andsheendearedherselfto agreatnumberofpeoplebyhercheerfulandgenerouspersonalityandthe ,,nsistcritpracticeofherreligionasa memberoftheSodalityofOurLady ofPerpetualSuccourandSt.Alphon-

Sheissurvivedbyherhusband, threesisters,adaughter(Mrs.J.Goss), son,LawrenceSheridan,andfour grandchildren.

Therewasalargegatheringatthe gravesideatKarrakattaonMay26, topaytheirlastrespectstothisbeautifulChristianladyandextendsympathytotherelatives.Mayhersoul restinpeace.

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PATERSON'SSUPPLYSTORESi 123CLAREMONTCRESCENT, 1 SWANBOURNE.'Phone:F2571 GROCERANDGREENGROCER. } ; DeliveriesfromNedlandsto MosmanPark. am1.4.4.4.04.0.4,11,.....11.04,444.,

OnSaturdaynightasuccessfuldance washeld.Alittleoppositionfrom dancesheldinsomeotherparishesreducedtheattendancealittle,and L.C.Y.missedsomeofitsnowfamiliar visitors.Thesedancesarebeingcontinuedasaweeklyfixture. Thebasket-ballteamistakingshape. Unfortunately,atamatchplayed againstNorthernSuburbslastweek someoftheL.C.Y,teamdidnotputin anappearance.ThisisratherareflectionontheL.C.Y.andtheirthanks areduetotheopposingteamforthe sportsmanlikeattitudetheyadopted towardsthewholeunfortunateincident.

CATHOLICTENNIS ASSOCIATION

By"L"

St.Joachim'sClub.

Thecourtswerewellpatronisedlast Sunday,allfourcourtsbeinginplay thewholeafternoon..Itisanticipated thattheannualtournamentwillbe commencedonJuly8,anddetailswill befinalisedatacommitteemeetingon nextSundayevening,attheresidence ofthePresident.

Amongsttheplayerslastweek-end wereJimCostello,KevinKelly,and JohnSullivan,allofwhomareinthe R.A.A.F.Theyhavereceivedpostings,andexpecttoleavefortheEast. ernStatesnextweek.

HighgateClub.

Thetentativedate,30/6/44,forour nextdanceisnowconfirmed.Arrangementsarewellinhand,andeverythingindicatesanexcellentevening. Sodon'tforgetthedateandplace, ParishHall,Highgate,Friday,June30, at8p.m.

General,. Itwillbenotedthatforsometime pasttheonlyclubsmentionedinthis columnareasabove.Afurtherappealisdirectedtoclubsecretariesto forwardpars.,notes,etc.,toBacton Houseby5p.m.Fridays,forpublicationinthefollowingweek's"Record."

ANYWHERE. PHONEB2974 SupplierstoHospitals,EducationalandReligiousInItitutions. WEARETHEOLDESTANDLARGESTFISHDISTRIBUTORSIN WESTERNAUSTRALIA.

OnWednesday,May3,atSt.Mary's, Leederville,themarriagetookplace, withNuptialMasscelebratedbyVery Rev.FatherHaugh,ofMary, daughterofMrs.andthelateMr.M. Flaherty,of42Dunedin-street,Mt. Hawthorn,toSergt.MauriceCasey, sonofMr.andMrs.W.J.Casey,of Learmonth,Victoria.

Thealtarwasartisticallydecorated withpinkgladiolisandrosesbythe SistersoftheConvent.Mrs.T.Carmodypresidedattheorgan.

Thebride,whowasgivenawayby Mr.E.Groessler,aclosefriendofthe family,woreatrainedgownofwhite embossedsatin,withafulllengthrawcuttulleveilandheart-shapedhalo.

Atrailingbouquetofchrysanthemums,frangipaniandwhiteroses completedhertoilette.

Theattendants,Kath.Groessler (bridesmaid),Mrs.J.Flahertyand Mrs.T.McCormack(matronsofhonour),werecharminglyfrockedinpas-

telshadesofpink.blueandlemon romaine,designedwithpin-tucked bodicesandfullcircularskirts.Their heart-shapedcoronets,withshoulder lengthveils,weremadebytheSisters oftheHomeoftheGoodShepherd. Theycarriedposiesofmixedflowers. ThedutiesofbestmanwereablycarriedoutbyCpl.JoeTobin,whilePtee. JohnQuigleyandBillGartnerwere groomsmen. Followingtheceremonyabreakfast washeldet:Keough'sHall,wherethe guestswerereceieedbythebride's mother,-wearingapinkembroidered blackcrepegownwithshoulderspray. ShewasassistedbyMrs.E.Groessler, wearingabluewoolAngorafrockand spraytomatch.

Duringthebreakfasttheusual toastswerehonoured,andmanytelegrams%errsread.Afterthereception 1.1,ehappycoupleleftfortheirhoneymoontoAlbany,thebridetravelling inatail"redcostumeofbluewith blackaccessories.

H usmildupagreatChildren's L Don'sletthesilverfisheat uppageso.thatchsrrinngsiorybook youhavefinishedwith.Senditin totheCentralCatholicLibrary,ile Pier-street,Perth.

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Anonymous,Fremantle,sendsinadidsay,however,wasthatwhenaCa cuttingfromthe''WestAustralian'.intholicattemptsto=marryanon-Cathc.toenjoyrecognitionasbelligerent whichMayorLaGuardiaisreportedlieoutsidetheCatholicChurch,eitherforcesshall,a)haveattheirheada personresponsibleforhissubordinates; welcomingaBritishanti-aircraftbat-inaregistryofficeorbeforeanon-Ca fib) toNewYork.TheMayorinhistholicminister,thatmarriageisinvalid(b)wearsomefixeddistinctivebadge recognisableatadistance:(c)carry remarkssaid:"ItwastheGod-givenintheeyesoftheChurch,andthere courageofthepeopleofGreatBritainforethepartiesarenotmarriedinthearmsopenly,and(d)conformintheir thatsavedtheworld."ThecuttingisevesofGod. operationstothelawsandcustomsof war.Exceptionismadeincaseofthe adornedwiththetext:"Bytheirfruits

Q.:MayIask,areyouamiraclemaninhabitantsofaninvadedterritory, shallweknowthem,"andtheremark, thatyoucanseewiththeeyesofwhohavenothadtimetoconformto -FancyProtestantBritainsavingthe God? world."

A.:Isupposeyouwilladmitthattheserules,providedtheycarryarms openlyandrespectthelawsandcus- A.:I'mnotquitesurewhereIcomemurderisaseriouscrimeinGod'stomsofwar. in.IncommonwithallotherAustra-eyes,Andyouknowthatitiss.,.3.1m- Inthelightoftheserules,guerrilla liansIhaveaconsiderableregardforplybecauseGodhasrevealedtousHisfightingisregardedaslegitimateif thecourageexhibitedbytheBritishattitudetowardsthekillingofmanbyconductedbyrecognisedbelligerents. people.Ialsoappreciatethefact"thathisfellowman.So,too,weknowthatWhichmeansthatitisnotlawful,if everygoodgiftcometh'fromthe"inGod'seyes"themarriageofaCa-conductedbynon-belligerents,thatis, Father,"thatthevirtues,eventhenat-tholicoutsidetheChurchisinvalid,be-byciviliansnotmembersofbelligerent uralvirtues,comefromGod.WhatiscausethroughHisChurchGodhasre.forces.Ininternationallawithasal- notsoclearisthatpurelynaturalcour-vealedHisownattitudetowardssuchwaysbeenconsideredacrimetokill ageandpatriotismproveanythingattemptedmarriages.AndIdon'tnoncombatantsdirectly,foritisnot aboutthevalueofareligion.Japan-havetobeamiraclemantounder-againstthemthatwarisdirected,but esepatriotism,whichweregardasmis-standGod'sattitudeinthisquestion,againstthearmedforces-Noncom- placedandextremeandfanatical,isaboveall.whenHehasveryclearlyandbatants,fortheirpart,ontheother alsoveryhigh,butitisnotregardedexplicitlyrevealedtousthroughthehand,cannotlawfullykilltheenemy. asproofoftheDivineoriginofShinto-authorityoftheChurchjustwhatis WhatIhavesaidalreadyisinanswer ism.AndIwouldquestionfurtherHismindonthematter. toaparticularquestion:themorality whetherBritainisfightingsomuchforQ.:Ifyouintendansweringthisquery,ofguerillafightingasconductedin whatisspecificallyProtestantinher itwouldbebetterthatyouleaveit,RussiaandYugoslaviaandothercourt- religion,asforwhatisChristianinthe unlessyoucananswersamemoretriesinvadedbytheAxisPowers.In vaguegenericmeaningoftheterm. clearlyandnotsidesteptheissueasthelastanalysisthequestionofguer- MostAnglicans,forexample,ratherde youdidwiththefirstquestioninto-rillawarfarehingesonthebroader precatethetermProtestant.AndI night'sbroadcast.Nevertheless,Iquestionofthejustificationofwarin wouldquestionfurtherwhetherChris- doubtwhetheryouwillattempttoitself.Withoutgoingintothepro. tianityconsciouslybelievedasopposed answeritinanycase." blemindetail,Imightsaythatsome- toatraditionalresidueofChristianity A.:Well,well!I'dhavethoughttimesitisverydifficulttodetermine wasuppermostinmostminds.Inyouwouldhavehadmorefaithinmyinpracticewhetherornotawarisjus otherword's,Idon'tfeelthatthein-insufferablepriggishnessthantothinktrifled.But,fortunately,inthecase troductionofMr.LeGuardia'scompli-Iwouldn'tevenattempttoanswertheofthecountriesdiscussedthereisno mentarywordscallsforanymarkedquestion. difficulty.Allmoraltheologiansare changesintheologicalattitudesorre- IfIsaidtoyouthatsomeonewasagreedthatacountryisjustifiedin ligiousbelief. guiltyofacrimeintheeyesofthelaw,carryingonawartodefenditsterri- you'dknowwhatImeant,eventhoughtoryanditspeoplefromunjustaggres- * thelawaswellasGodhasnoeyes.Andsion.Certainlythisconditionisam. whenIsaythatcertainpeople,prenotplyfulfilledinthecaseofRussianand K.James,Subiaco: i. marriedintheeyesofGod,meanYugoslavresistancetoAxisinvasion. simplythattheyarenotmarriedac- Forthejustificationofguerillawar- Q.:Onseveralnightswhilebroadcast-cordingtoGod'slawsregardingmar-farethesameprincipleswillholdas ingyouhavestressedthepointofriage. justifyanyothertypeofwarfare.If RomanCatholicsandothersbelong- Youalsoencloseanotherletterwhichacountryisunjustlyinvadedtheciti- ingtoothersectsnotbeingmarried Iwillnotread,becauseitcontainsnotensofthatcountrymayresisttheag. "intheeyesofGod." questionsandyckyrratherprovocativegrestorbytheguerillamethodof A.:Ihaysneversaidwithoutquali-swaggeringisofnointeresttolisteners.fightingjustasrightlyasiftheywere ficationthatRomanCatholicsand IfIamaskedaquestionIwillinabetterorganisedformofarmed othersbelongingtoothersectsarenotansweritsincerelyandtruthfully,noresistance, marriedinGod'seyes.Imyselfhavematterhowdistastefulitmaybeeither BywayofroundingoffthisanswerI marriednumbersofCatholicstonon-tomeortomyquestioner.AproposmightaddthattheHagueConferences Catholics,andtheycertainlyaremar-ofachildishremarkinyoursecondlet-Iquotedweremerelyattemptsmade ried"intheeyesofGod."WhatIt,r,I'nightaddthatnormallyIwouldin1899and1907topromoteinterna. notgoaroundtellingpeoplethattheytionalpeaceandgoodwill.Theydid arenotmarried;Iwouldprefertonotsetouttomakepronouncements Booksandmagazinesforthetroopsmindmyownbusiness.Butifitshouldonthemoralityorimmoralityofwar- maybeleftat"TheRecord"Office,bemydutytotellsomeonethatheorfareingeneralorofguerillafighting 460Hay-street,Perth,fordistributionsheisnotmarried,thenItrustGodinparticularInspiteoftheirpeace bytheC.W.O. wouldgivemethegracetodomydutypurpdses,theConferencesrecognised

InterestedEnquirer,Cliff-street,Fremantle:

Q.:Doyouconsidertherewouldhaye beenarevoltagainsttheCatholic Churchinthe16th.century,ifthe Churchhadnotbecomeadictator andtyrantandsoughttocontrol politicallyinsteadofconfiningitsactivitiestothespiritualwelfareofthe people?

A.:Practicallyeverymanualon ChurchHistory,eventhemostelementaryones,.a1signabuseswithinthe Churchasacontributorycauseofthe ProtestantReformation.Buttofind causesandexplanationsforthatrevoltisnotnecessarilytofindjustifica- tionforit.Thefactthatsomeropes actedaspowerpoliticians,andnso actingdidviolencetothespiritof Christ,isnotanargumentagainstthe 'divineauthorityoftheirofficeorof theChurchtheyruled.Youmightas wellsaythatthefactthatPeterdenied ChristandJudasbetrayedHimwas anargumentagainstChrist.Itwas not.Itonlyfurtherdocumentedthe eternalfactofhumanweakness.

Itisnotaccuratetosaythatthe Churchbecameadictatorandsoughttocontrolpolitically.Whatistrueis thatChurchmen,andverymanyof them,abusedtheirpositionandauthoritybyusingpoliticalmeansforpoliti- calends.Thatwasscandalous,butit isworthrememberingthatChristforetoldthat"scandalsmustneedcome." ButHeneverhintedthattheexistence ofscandalswasareasonwhyHe,or theChurchHefoundedshouldberejected.Butitneedsaclearhead, politicaldisinterestedness,andalotof gracetoseetheDivineElementofthe Churchbehindthecamouflageofhumanweaknessatsomeperiodsofher history.AndclearthinkingandabsenceofpoliticalfeelingwerenotcharacteristicoftheXVI.century.

(ContinuedonPage7.)

WANTEDTOBUY:Stoves,Wood. Gas;PlainandOldRoofIron,Coppers, Heaters.BestPrices.RingB6307. J.NEILSON,

SocietyofDivineWordtobe EstablishedinQueensland

AimstoTrainMissionariesFor NewGuinea

UrgentAppealForHelpto AustralianCatholics

TheprovidentialrescueofthemissionariesfromtheJapaneseatthetakingofHollandiaonthecoastofDutch NewGuinea("TheRecord,"June7), broughtintoprominencetheextensive apostolicactivityoftheSocietyofthe DivineWord,whichuntilthenwas practicallyunknowninAustralia.

Wordhasnowbeenreceivedfrom VeryRev.FatherVanBarr,S.V.D., SuperioroftheSocietyinAustralia, thatthe83evacuatedmissionariesare soontobehousedinanewlyacquired property38milesfromBrisbane.It isproposedalsoatthebeginningof nextyeartoestablishthereafoundationforthetrainingofcandidatesfor theSocietyoftheDivineWordexclusivelydedicatedtotheForeignMissions,especiallyintheMandatedTerritoryofNewGuinea.Thisarea, beingunderAustralianlegislation,will naturallyfallunderthecareofthe ChurchinAustralia.

Animmensetaskthusrestsonthe generosityofAustralianCatholics.For acommencement,thereisthetaskof

SCARBOROUGHSELECTDANCE. CHRIS'HALL. FRIDAYEVENINGS-8pin. GoodFloor-Novelties. MoGrath's'Orchestra. Admission1/6

M1158Telephones- L1460 MEAD,SON&CO. FUNERALDIRECTORS.

190ALBANYROAD, VICTORIAPARK.

33CANNINGHIGHWAY, EASTFREMANTLE.

findingthecostofbuying,enlarging andfurnishingthenewlyacquired buildingsintheArchdioceseofBrisbane,andofprocuringallthepersonal effectsofthemissionarypriests,brothersandnunswhoarrivedinAustraliautterlydestitute.

TheSocietyofthePropagationof theFaithandtheCatholicsofthe BrisbaneArchdiocesehavealready givengenerously,butitisobviously impotsibletocarryoutplansofnationalsignificancewithouttheassistanceofCatholicsthroughouttheentire Commonwealth.

Thesplendidmissionaryrecordof theSocietyoftheDivineWord,the privationssufferedsorecentlybyits members,andthetragicdeathofBishopWolf,S.V.D.,shouldactasStimuli forthegenerouscontributionsofCatholicsthroughoutAustralia.

TheMissionStationsinNewGuinea havebeendestroyed,themissionaries areintemporaryexile,isolatedand poor.Norcantheyexpectrelieffrom Europe,foralltheirHousestherehave sufferedandtheirpropertieshavebeen destroyed.

So,withtheapprovalofHisExcellencytheApostolicDelegate,andof HisGracetheArchbishop,theSociety oftheDivineWordappealstothe priests,religiousandlaityoftheArchdioceseofPerthforhelp.Theyare confidentofasympathetichearingfor anyappealmadeonbehalfofagreat religiousworksoparticularlyanAustralianresponsibility.

IftheurgencyoftheMissionaries'circumstanceswerenotasufficientconsideration,manyCatholicsrwouldbe impelledtohelpoutofgratitudetothe Fuzzy-WorryAngels,manyofwhom wereMission-trainedandwhosegallant servicestooursickandwoundedsoldiersshouldleaveanimperishableobligationuponournation.

Donations.towards.this.laudable workmaybesentto: Rev.FatherRafferty, DiocesanDirectorofPontificalMission AidSocieties, St.Mary's,Perth, andwillbeacknowledgedinthesecolumns.

ExcellentBusiness Appointmentsare AvailabletoAll QualifiedGirls

The

presentisfar greaterthanwe

However,itisurgedthatparentsdo notneglecttogivetheirdaughters athoroughtraininginALLBUSINESSSUBJECTSsoastoassure continuedandevenbetteremployment"aftertheWar."

C.C.C.traininghasasplendidreputationinallbusinesshousesin Perth.Ourstudentsaregiven notonlytheoretical,butpractical traininginourownoffices.All graduatesarepresentedwitha GoldBadge,whichisaproofoftheirefficiency, Forfull

our

ArchbishopAddressesVembersofCGM CommendsSplendidTraditionsEstablished

"CGMnotaGlorifiedClubbuta Movement Tobringbefore MemberstheDynamicCatholic IdealofWomanhood"

eitherthatallotheractivitiesaresubordinatedtothespiritual.

TheCatholicGirls'Movement,I wishtoemphasise,isnotaglorified Club.Itisasthetitlesuggests-a Movement-todiffusethedoctrinesof Catholicism;tohelptowinothersto thatwayoflife,andtohelpthosewho liveittoliveitmoreintensely.Itis aMovementtobringbeforeourCatholicgirlsthedynamicCatholicideal ofwomanhood.Itsaimistomake itsmembersapostles.To-day,more thanever,theChurchneedssuchcooperation,intheoffices,factories, camps,inthehome,theplayingfield, thedancefloor.EverywheretheChurchexpectsherActioniststobeactiveandenthusiastic,takingadvantageofeveryopportunityofhelpingher causeandofextendingherinfluence. Andifthatapostolateistobefruitful, it'willbenecessaryforthemembersto bedeeplyimbuedwithareligious spirit.

HISGRACETHEARCHBISHOP-

Inhisinspiringaddresstothegirls, theArchbishopsaid:-

Thisisasplendiddemonstrationon thepartoftheCatholicGirls'Movement.Yearbyyearyoucometothis Cathedraltomakeapublicactoffaith andtoshowyourloyaltyandfidelity totheChurch,underwhoseauspices thisMovementhasbeenorganised.Yearbyyear,too,itisbecomingmore andmoreevidentbytheincreasein membershipandenthusiasmthatthe CatholicGirls'Movementhasbeen builtonasoundfoundation.Thesuccessithasachieveduptothepresent isthesurestguaranteethatweneed havenoapprehensionregardingitssuccessintheyearsthatlieahead.Much dependsonyou,thefoundationmembersoftheMovement.Youareestablishingsplendidtraditions-traditions,fortheestablishmentofwhich, futuregenerationsofourCatholicgirls willhavereasontobegratefultoyou -traditionsofloyalty,zeal,devotion toOurDivineLordintheBlessedSacrament,anddevotiontoHisMother, underwhosespecialprotectiontheMovementhasbeenfounded.

Ineedscarcelyremindyouofthe splendidfacilitiesthatarebeingaffordedyouasmembersofthisMovementspiritual,cultural,intellectualandphysical.Allthesearenecessarytoequip youadequatelytotakeyourplaceas worthycitizensofthecommunityand todoyourdutyasCatholicActionists inhelpingtoextendChrist'sKingdom onearth.Ineedscarcelyremindyou

YouaremembersofaMovement whoserapidgrowthhasbutshownhow sorelyitwasneeded-aMovementinspiredbythehighestideals,serviceof othersforChristandco-operationwith Christ'sMotherinhergreatmissionof motheringandnurturingtheMystical BodyofherSon.Youarekeenand enthusiastic;youaredoinggreatwork whichishavingaleaveninginfluence onthewholecommunity.MayGod grantthattheadmirablespiritwhich youarenowdisplayingwillbemaintained.Rememberalwaysthatyour Movementisunderthepatronageof OurLady.ItisherMovementwith agreatmissiontoaccomplishamongst thegirlsofthisandfuturegenerations.

Icongratulateyou,an&particularily yourleaders,whohavemadesuchsacfices.Thisdemonstrationto-daymust beamplerewardforthesacrificesthat havebeenmade,thatthisCatholic Girls'Movementmightbecomeandremainaworthycounterpartofsuch MovementsthroughouttheCommonwealth.

Myremarkswouldbeincompietedid Inotextendmyheartfeltthanksto yourparents.whoseco-operationand kindlyinterestarecontributingvery largelytothesuccessoftheMovement. Maythatco-operationbemaintained. Maytheparentscontinuetoappreci- atetheimmenseinfluenceforgoodthat membershipofthisMovementwill haveonthelivesoftheirdaughters.I congratulateyourChaplainandthe priestsassociatedwithhim,whoare sokeenlyinterestedinthisMovement,andIfeelconfidentthatyou willcontinuetoshowyourapprecia-

AnnualCatholicBall -EMBASSYCABARET-

MONDAY,AUGUST21st.,1944.

8.30p.m.to1.30a.m.

TICKETS,8/6SINGLE.

KATHLEENFRAWLEY, PresidentoftheC.G.M.

tionoftheirinterestinyoubycooperatingwiththemineverypossible way.

It havehasbeendeemedexpedientto theMovementcentraliseduntil suchtimeastheleaderswereproperly andthoroughlytrained.Itwasnever intendedthatitshouldremaincentralised.AndsoIampleasedtoknow thatthedecentralisingprocesswillbe beguninthenearfuturebytheestablishmentofunitsinsomeofthepar- ishes,graduallyextendingtoallpar- isheswhereitispossibleandpractic- abletohaveaunit.MayGodgrant that,throughtheintercessionofHis Mother,theseindividualunitswillfulfilthehighhopesweentertainregard- ingtheirsuccess;foronthesuccessof theindividualunitdependsthesuccess oftheMovementasawhole.

AttheconclusionoftheArchbishop's address,theChaplainrecitedwiththe girlstheLitanyofLoreto,andthefunctionwasbroughttoaclosewithPontificalBenediction,sungbyallthe memberspresent.

TheChaplain'sSermon

(ContinuedfromFrontCover.)

nameIthankyou.Inthedesignsof Providencegreatthingslieaheadof youinMary'swork,whichisthe causeofhercrucifiedSon;andasyou strivesoselflesslytogiveChristtothe worldthroughMary,youmaybesure thatshewillgivetoyouherSonina veryspecialwayasyourownreward.

WhatIhavesaidIknowbutechoes thethoughtsandtheidealsthathave inspiredyouinthisgreatworkthat youhavebegun.Mayitcontinuein hernamewinningotherstoyourranks, thatsoonwemayseerealisedthemiraclethatwehavescarcedaredtohope for-agenerationfilledwiththespirit ofChristinMary,radiantinthefulnessoftheirwomanhood,thrillingtotheirgloriousvocationastheCatholic mothersofto-morrow.

IknowwhatHisGracetheArchbishopthinksofyouandofyourMovement,andinamomenthe,too,will speaktoyou.YetIwouldtakethis

opportunityonyourbehalfofpledging tohimtheutterloyaltyandrespect- fuldevotionoftheC.G.M.,andof thankinghimforthewholeheartedand fatherlyinteresthehasalwaystaken intheMovement.Hisadviceandhis encouragementhavemeantsomuch, bothtoyouandtome.And,finally, girls,onmyownbehalf,Ithankyou foraco-operationfargreaterthanI hadeverhopedfor.Fewevenamong- styourmembersknowasIdotheextent,thesuccess,andthecostofyour wonderfulapostolate.Muchthatyou haveachievedwillneverbewrittenin bannerhead-linesthattheworldmay knowitisenoughthatyouyourselves shouldbecontenttoworkon,topray on,andtosufferthatyouandallyour fellowmembersmightbedrawnalittle nearerMaryandherSon.

Andnow,inthepresenceofChrist OurLordintheBlessedEucharist,in thepresenceofourArchbishopandof yourparentsandyourfriend's,letus dedicatetheC.G.M.totheMotherof God.

ThenfollowedtheActofConsecrationdedicatingtheMovementtothe MotherofGod:

HostHolyMotherofGod,gathered beforetheeto-dayinthepresenceof thyDivineSon,webegtheetoaccept thisconsecrationofourMovementand ofallitsmemberstothyImmaculate Heart.

WesolemnlydedicatetheC.G.M.to thee,ourFounderfromonhigh-or ratherwegivebackintothybeautiful handstheMovementthatyoufirst gavetous.Throughityouhave shownitshowwemayseeandcarefor ChristthySonineachofourfellow members;throughityouhavetaught ustoseeallthingsmorethroughthine owneyesandlessthroughtheselfish distortionofourown..Thouartour inspirationandoursustainingstrength inthegreatworkthatthouhostchosen ustodoforthee.MaytheCL,.M. extendandgrowthroughouttheyears aheadtobecomealivinginstrument ofthymightypurposes,0Coredemp- trixofourwomanhoodandofallmankind.

Weconsecrateourapostolateto thee;thattheworkthySonbeganon earthmaybecontinuedthroughtheeinus.

Weacknowledgehumblyandgrate- fullyinpublictributethatwhatsuccesshascrownedoureffortsisdueto thee;thatwhatwonderfulresultswe mayhavehadintheyearthatispass- edhavebeenbuttheoutpouringof thelovewhichyouchosetoexpress throughus.

Maythatloveofthinebethespirit ofourMovement-alovethatislike "fireontheearth,"bindingourmem- berstogetherintheirworksofCatholicAction.MaythineownVirginity beouridealandaconstantinspira-tiontoenrichthededicationofour YouthtothecauseofChristthySon.

0QueenofYouth,prepareusin thineownexquisitewayforourgloriousvocation.Teachustheradiant dignityofmotherhood,thatinitwe mayfindthefulfilmentofourwoman- hood.-Teachushowtobuildanew thefamilylifeofouryoungnation; teachustorealisehowmuchthefuture oftheChurchandofourcountryde- pendsoneachoneofus.Helpusto answerwithallthatyoungheartshave togivetheclarioncallofCatholicAc- tion;aNewYouthtobuildaNewAus- tralia!

Takebackintothykeeping,Mother ofGod,ourMovement:forinthy handsalonewillitachieveitsdestiny. Takelikewiseeachoneofusandkeep usandpourintoourheartsthefulness ofgracethatwemaybecomethrough theCG.M.,thyMovement,moresvor- thyoftheeandofthySon.Amen.

Thewholeceremonywasindeedex- prestiveofallthatisunderstoodby themottooftheC.G.M.-AdChristtmi perMariam(toChristthroughMary!).

WillThereBeCapitalisminHeaven?

TheoryofRelativityofKnowledgeisIntellectualSuicide

ShatterstheFoundationsofAll ScienceandLearning

HowWarMayBeReconciled WiththeFifthCommandment

Sociable,Perth:

Q.:"DouyouthinktherewillbecapitalisminHeaven"(HedefinesCapitalismas"theprivateownershipof thingscommunal,NOTofthingspersonal")?

A.:No,therewillhenoCapitalismin Heaven.Capitalismisaneconomic system,concernedwiththeproduction andmarketingofgoods.Itisbased onthemultifariousneedsofmenin thislife.Allthoseneeds,realasthey are,yetaresomanyfinitequantities, anhowevermanyaresatisfiedinthis life,theynevertotalupourneedfor theinfinite,ourneedforGod.

Whenthatprimaryneedissatisfied bythevisionofGodinheaven,allour otherneeds,materialandspiritual, willhavevanished.Sowillallthe paraphernaliaofproduction'anddistribution.Sotheremightbecapitalists inheaven,hardasthatmayseemto you;buttheywillbetherenotascapitalists,butasmenwhohaveintheir ownstateoflifemanagedtoserveGod ratherthanthemselves.AndIthink therecordingangelwillacceptadifferentdefinitionofcapitalthanyours. Capitalismisnotnecessarilytheprivateownershipofthingsthatarecommunal-ifthatmeansanything,it meansthatpropertyistheft,except forpersonalproperty.Idon'twant youtothinkthatIamcondoningall thecrimesofexaggeratedcapitalism; ofthosecrimes,PopeLeoXIII.and PiusXI.wereasstringentandmore coherentintheircriticismthanMarx.

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778HAYSTREET,PERTH (Opp.FoyandGibson).

Buttheydidnotexceedthetruth,and denouncetheinstitutionofpropertyas such;itcanbe,andshouldbe.ameans ofsecuringindependenceandnotan instrumentofslavery.

Q.:"Whenthecreamofourruling classarere-unitedinHeaven,doyou thinktheywillfindanyprovisionfor theexistenceoftheirtalentforexploitation,developedsobrilliantlyin theirearthlycareer?"

A.:Whenyougettoheaven,asI hopeyouwill,Itrustthattheblazeof God'sglorywillleavenoprovisionfor theexerciseofyourtalentforflippancy.Toexploitrequiresaneed, andeveryneedofourwillforGod,of ourmindforTruth,andofourwhole beingforBeautywillbefulfilledin theeternalandface-to-facevisionof InfiniteGoodness,TruthandBeauty. Therewillbesimplynothingtoexploit,notevenmaterialforonefive. yearplan!

Q.:MightnotGodbegratefulifwe weretodevelopourselvesmorefittingly,byreplacingthejunglyincentivesnowinstitutedwithbrotherly Christianones?

A.:Certainly."Theonlyrealprogress,"saysAldousHuxley,"isprogressincharity."Onthisshallwe judged.Butcharityinvolvessacrifice,andsacrificedoesnotcomeeasily toman,andIseenoreasonforsuggestingthatthesocialisationofpropertywillmakemenanydifferentand charityanyeasier.Butpleasegoon tryingtodevelopyourselfasbestyou knowandfollowingtheexampleof Christ;andwhenyourplanning touchesotherpeoplebesidesyourself, justbesureyouarereallyontheright lines.Itisterriblyeasytobenaive.

RockwoodRandall,PerthLiterary Institute:

Q.:YousaythattheCatholicreligion istheonlytrueone,andalltherest arefalse.Sobeit.Thentellus, please,whatistruth?

A.:Truthistheconformityofour intellectualjudgmentswiththeobject ofourthought.IfIformajudgment that"snowiswhite,"thatjudgmentof my - intellectwillbetrueiftheevidencepresentedbymysensesshows thatwhitenessreallyisapropertyof snow.AsSt.ThomasAquinasand Aristotlebeforehimsaid,trothisthe conformityoftheintellectwiththe thingaboutwhichwearethinking. Forsimplefolklikeourselves,truthis theexactknowledgeofthingsjustas theyare.

Q.:ThereasonIaskisthis:Iwas taughtatschoolthatallhuman knowledgeisofnecessityrelative andnotabsolute.

prejudice,ourjudgementswillbetrue, anditisnotsomuchacriterionof theirtruththatweneedassignsof error,orsignsthattheevidenceisinsufficient.

Ofsomethings,however,thereisalwayscertainlysufficientevidenceto formatruejudgementwithoutgoing anyfurther.Thesewecallself-evidenttruths.ThefactthatIexistor thatIfeelunhappyorthatIcanthink, alltheaxiomsofgeometry,theseare self-evidenttruthsaboutwhichwecannotdoubt.Thesetruthsarealsoabsoluteaswellasself-evident,andbeing true,anythingelseisfalse.Truthis notrelativetoanytime,placeorperson.Athingiseithertrueoritisnot true.

Ofcourse,theevidenceuponwhich weformsomeofourjudgements,especiallythosethatrequirealongprocessofreasoning,isnotalway'ssuffi(lentforustoassertourjudgements withanythingbutvaryingdegreesof certitude.Buttosaythathuman knowledgeisrelativeistocommit,asI said,intellectualsuicide,foritisan admissionthatwecanneverattainthe truth,andTHATcertainlyshatters thefoundationsofallscienceandall learning.

Q.:Ifthatbeso,anyclaimtoabsolute infallibilitywouldseemtobeprecludedwhetherofChurch,Bibleor Pope,oranythingelse.Yourcommentswillobligeonthispoint.

A.:Ifyourpremisethatallhuman knowledgeisofnecessityrelativewas correctthenthisdeductionofyours wouldalsobecorrect.ButasIhave triedtoexplain,yourstatementisnot correct.Allhumanknowledgeisnot relative,andtruthcanbeattained,and truth,ofcourse,isabsolute.

Asamatteroffact.wehavesufficientandindisputableevidence,which hasbeenattackedfromeveryangle andvetremainsunshaken,thatmakes thefactoftheinfallibilityofthe ChurchandofthePopeabsolutely true.Wehaveampleevidencethata mannamedJesusChristliveduponthe earthandprovedhisclaimtobeGod ourCreator:thatHegatheredround Himabandofmen,madeone,Peter, theirhead,andsentthemtomakedisciplesofallnationsandpromisedto bewiththemtotheendoftheworld intheirmissionofteachingwhatsoeverHehadcommandedthem.Surely thentheabsoluteinfallibilityofthis teachingbodyanditsheadisabsolutelytrue.

Inconclusion,Iwouldliketothank Mr.RandallforwhathewritessupportingmyremarksinanearliersessionconcerningawellknownbutmythicalpersoncalledPopeJoan.He says:"WithregardtoPopeJoan,I wonderanyoneregardsthestoryas history.Iwastaughtthatthestory

wasacleverlampoon-andascurrilous oneatthat-inwhichprominentpersonsaliveatthetimeitwaswritten aremercilesslysatirisedunderthevery thindisguiseofpersonssupposedto havelived150yearsearlier.Bythe testofanachronismsthestorycannot havebeenwrittenearlierthanthe twelfthcenturyandallthecharacters areeasilyrecognisable!"

Onceagain,thanks,Mr.Randall. AfterthedifficultyyouhaveexpreSsed inyourletter,itisatleastconsoling tothinkthatyouregardmyversion astrueanddonotconsiderthefantasticversionsofothersasbeingequally trueforthem.Orthatyoudonotthink thatthestorywastrueatthetimeit wasinvented,hittisnowfalse.

ConscientiousObjector,Maylands:

Q.:HowdoestheCatholicChurchallowhermemberstofightinwar whenoneoftheCommandmentsis "Thoushaltnotkill"?

A.:Everylawrequires-somecommentary,becausetherearesometimes conditionsinwhichalawdoesnotoblige.Theprohibitiontokilldoesnot obtainindefenceaganstanunjustaggressor,inalegalexecution,andina justwar.(Whataretheconditionsof ajustwar.Thatisaverylarge question,andtheassemblingofallthe relevantfactsisnotsoeasybearing inmindthesecrecyinwhichmostinternationalcrisesdevelop.)Boththe principlesgoverningajustwar,andthe applicationofthoseprinciples,aredifficultfieldsofmoralspeculation.But ifyouacceptthewholeofthebookof Exodus,andnotjustthepartsthat suityourpacifism,youmillseeapictureoftheGodofarmies,leadinghis peopleinareconquestofthelandfrom whichtheyhadbeenremovedunder Jacob.SointheveryhistoricalcontextinwhichtheDecaloguewasrevealed,theleadersoftheJewishpeoplewerepreparing,underDivineguidance,forthewarthatfinallygotthem whatwecallPalestine.Obviously,in themindofthelawgiver,therewas oneexceptiontothegeneralprohibition-namelyawar.Ithinkthat itisalegitimateextensionof thatexceptiontoholdthatawar, evenwithoutrevelation,canbejustified.Youwouldhaveastrongercase ifyousaidthatabstentionfrom.war Wasmoreperfect.But,ontheone hand,nooneisobligedtodothemore perfectthing,andontheotherhand, one'sdutiestoothersmaymakethe abstentionseriouslywrong.

NewStocksPaintsandVarnish. Kettles,2/9.Cupswithhandles.Lawn Rakes.Hassell's,559WellingtonStreet.

A.:Itissurprisingwhatnumbers ofpeoplecontendthathumanknowledgeisrelativeandnotabsolute.But, ifthatisso,towhatortowhomisit relative?Doesthatmeanthatinthe 10th.centurythelawofgravitation wasnottrue,butto-dayinthe20th. century,itistrue'Doesthatmean thatthelawofgravitationistruefor you,butnotforme?Toadmitthat humanknowledge,isofnecessityrelativeandnotabsoluteistocommitintellectual-suicide.

Ourknowledgecomestousthrough oursensesofhearing,sight,touch,etc., andwehavebeengivenpowerstoreasonandformjudgementsontheevidencepresentedbytheseSenses.While thisprocessisfunctioningnormally, withsufficientevidenceandwithout subjectiveinterferencesuchasbiasor

Established1874.

OfficialOrganoftheArchdioceseofPerth.

AddressallcommunicationstotheEditor,BoxA35,G.P.O.,Perth.

PERTH,WEDNESDAY,JUNE28,1944.

Peter'sPence

OnSundaynext,theannualcollectionfortheHolyFather, popularlyknownasPeter'sPence,willbemadeinallparishesof theArchdiocese.ItisinterestingtonotethatthisannualcontributiontotheHolySeetookitsriseinEnglandintheeighthcentury,andthatintheMiddleAgesitseemsalmosttohavebeenconfinedtoEnglandandsomefewothernorthernnations.Thefirst historicalrecordofthistributederivesfromtheofferofKingOffa ofMerciatothePapalLegates,andeveninthoseearlytimesitwas statedthatthemoneywastobeappliedtothereliefofthepoorand toprovidinglightsforthechurchesofRome.Thistraditional practice,distinctfromfeudaltributepaidinmanypartsofthe worldtotheHolySee,continueddowntotheReformation,but seemsnowheretohavesurvivedit.Itwas,however,revivedin thelatterhalfofthe19th.centuryintheimportantnationsof Europe.AlthoughthemonetarysupportofthePopewasrevived byvoluntarypiousassociationsofCatholics.itmustbeconsidered nowadays,whenthegovernmentoftheChurchissocentralised andcloselyknit,andmoreoverwhenthePopeisnolongerinpossessionofsignificanttemporalaffluenceorthematerialpatronage ofnations,thatthereisadefiniteobligationinconsciencearising frompositiveecclesiasticallaw. *

Catholicsareobligedbyoneofthecommandmentsofthe Churchtocontributeaccordingtotheirmeanstothesupportof theirpastors.Primarily,ofcourse,suchanobligationisdirected towardstheirparishpriestandtheirlocalhierarchy,butitwould bestrangeiftheywereunmindfuloftheneedsoftheirchiefpastor,theVicarofChrist,andBishopofRome.ThePeter'sPence collectionthisyearhasbeen.madethesubjectofaspecialappeal ineveryparishintheArchdiocese.Thecollectionthisyearwill notonlybeanoccasionforCatholicstogivepracticalproofof theiraffectionfortheVicarofChristandtheirdevotiontothe HolySee,butalsoareminderthatthisfourthyearofwarhasmade tremendoushumanitariandemandsuponthePapaltreasury.Atall timesthesedemandsareheavy,andtheHolyFatherisquicktorespondwithpracticalcharitytothesufferingsofpeoplesofevery raceandcreed.Sometimesitisthevictimsoffamine,ofearthquake,floodandfire;sometimesitisthevictimsofreligiouspersecution,suchastheJewshavesufferedinbothGermanyandItaly, butchieflythevictimsofwarcalluponthePope,fortheirsisthe mostpoignantgrief.Widows,orphans,refugees,homeless,withoutmoneyandoftenwithoutfood,prisonersofwar,andnumberingliterallymillions,arethepeoplewhoinpracticallyeverygenerationofmoderntimesmustpaythepriceofwarbothduringand afterthehostilities. * * * *

TheHolySeedoesnotdiscriminateintheadministrationof thereliefwhichitisabletobringtothesestrickenpeople;andindeeditcouldnot,forapartfromthefactthatcharityofitsnature issupernaturalinoutlookanduniversalinapplication,themoney whichtheHolySeeadministersiscontributedbytheCatholicsof theentireworld.SincethegreaterpartofEuropeisengulfedin thepresenttitanicstruggle,theproblemOfreliefforthevictims ofwarisgreatlyintensified-Thenumberwhowillheleftdestitutebythiswarwillbethegreatesteverknowntohistory,while themassofthosefreetoassistthemwillprobablybethesmallest. ItthereforebehovestheCatholicsofAustralia,andofallcountriesnotdirectlyaffectedbythewar,toredoubletheirgenerosity onthisoccasion.Thereisverymuchmoreinvolvedthanthemerelyhumanitarianquestionofprovidingfood,clothing,andshelter forthewarvictims,forinthehandsoftheVicarofChristthese materialthings,likethemiraclesofChrist,serveaspredisposing factorstothereceptionofFaith,ofgrace,andoftrueresignation tothewillofGod.ThepracticalmercyandcharityoftheHoly FathermusttendtoremindmenthatGodandhisVicararenot indifferenttohumansuffering,butareinthefrontranksofthose willingandabletoalleviateit.Thussomethingofthespiritual bitternessandmoralreactionofwarisstemmed,andmenmay cometoseethatthehandswhichofferthemthebreadofmercy holdalsothekeysoftheKingdomofHeaven.

FeastDayoftheHoly Father

TheFeastDayofHisHolinessPope PiusXII.willbecelebratedthroughout theArchdioceseonSunday,July2,In theCathedral,SolemnHighMasswill becelebratedat11a.m.Theoccasionalsermonwillbepreachedbya JesuitFather,St.Mary'sCathedral Choir,underthedirectionofRev.A. Lynch,willrenderMissaPontificalis (Noo,2)byPerosi,andattheOffertory"TuesPetrus"(Praglia).SermonandMasswillhebroadcastover Station6WN.

INTHESCHOOLS.

Eachschoolandcollegewillholdits ownformofcelebrationinhonourof theSupremePontiff.Thechildren havebeenbusyforsomeweekspast preparingtheirannualSpiritualBouquetforHisHoliness.

Superiorsofschoolsarereminded thatdetailsoftheSchoolBouquet shouldbeinthehandsoftheArchbishop'sSecretarynotlaterthanJuly 4.

LivingWiththe Church

July2.-FifthSundayafterPentecost.

TheVisitationofOurLady. Massproper.2nd.prayerofthe Sunday.3rd.prayerforpeace. Creed.prefaceoftheBlessedVirgin.LastGospeloftheSunday.

July3.-St.LeoII.,PopeandConfessor. Massproper.2nd.prayeroftheOctaveofSS.PeterandPaul.3rd. prayer"Concedenos."4th.prayer forpeace.Creed.Prefaceofthe Apostles.LastGospelofJuly4.

July4.-SixthdaywithintheOctave ofSS.PeterandPaul. Massproper.2nd.prayerofthe Sunday.3rd.prayerforpeace. Creed.PrefaceoftheApotstles. -OR-MasswithouttheGloria.2nd. prayeroftheOctave.3rd.prayer forpeace.NoCreed.Prefaceof theApostles. July5.-St.AnthonyMaryZaccaria, Confessor.

Massproper.2nd.prayerofthe

tOe

citrcObiocese

ARCH131SHOP1ENGAGEMENTS.

June29:

10a.m.:PresideatSolemnHighMass atStCharles'Seminary,ontheoccasionofthecelebrationofthe Pope'sFeastDay.

8p.m.:AttendOblateFathers'GoldenJubileeCelebrations,atFremantle.

July1: 7.15a.m.:CeremonyofProfession,at St.JohnofGodNovitiate,Subiaco.

July2: PresideatSolemnHighMass,atSt. Patrick'sChurch,Fremantle,occasionGoldenJubileeofarrivalofOblateFathers.

July16: 3.30p.m,:Attendceremoniesatthe CarmeliteMonastery,Nedlands,on theoccasionofthecelebrationofthe FeastofOurLadyofMountCarmel. 7,.30p,m.:CanonicalVisitationand confirmationatSt.Patrick'sChurch, Fremantle,

July18:

7,30a,m.:PresideatCeremonyof Profes'sionatSacredHeartConvent, HighgateHill, July23: VisitNorseman, July30: 11a,m.:OrdinationtoDiaconate andPriesthoodat'St,Mary'sCathedral,

Octave.3rd.prayerforpeace.PrefaceoftheApostles.

July6.-OctaveofSS.PeterandPaul, Apostles. Massproper.2nd.prayeroftheOctave.3rd.prayerforpeaceCreed. PrefaceoftheApostles.

July7.--SS.CyrilandMethodius. BishopsandConfessors. Massproper.2nd.prayerforpeace. July8.-St.Elisabeth,Queen. Mass"Cognovi."2nd.prayer"A cunctis."3rd.prayerforpeace.

CATHOLICGIRLS'MOVEMENT FourthConcertSeason

AssemblyHall, PierSt.,Perth

Saturday,July1, Monday,July,3

Featuredintheprogrammeare:theORCHESTRAplaying: "Romance,"byRubenstein. "TheToreador,"from"Carmen." theCHOIRrendering: EasterHymnfrom"CavalleriaRusticana-" "Alleluia,"byO'Connor-Morris. "Serenade,"from"StudentPrince." theHARMONISTSmurdering: "TheAnt." "TheFluGerm." "FeeIttyFitty." ViolinSolosbyJOYHOBLEY "Intermezzo,"from"CavalleriaRusticana."Tristesse"(F.Chopin). "TalesfromtheViennaWoods"(J.Strauss). PianoSolosby'MARGARETHANLEY: "Romance,"bySibelius. "Seguidillas,"byAlbeniz. oldfavouritesoftheDramaticGroupin: mENERY"and"THESLEEPINGBEAUTY," Tickets2/6.

BookingfreeatC.G.M.Office.

*C.W.O.Raised£2,000ForTroopsinPastYear

ParishCollections,PatrioticBodiesandSchools

GiveContinuousGenerousAssistance .

AnnualAppealtobeMadeonJuly23

*10,000MembershipObjective

TheRev.Chairman (VeryRev.E. Kennedy,DD..Min.)andthemem hersoftheExecutiveCommitteeare deeplygratefultoallthosewhohelpedinanywaytomakepossiblethis magnificentresult.

Eachyearthe.C.W.O.issuesanappealtoalltoassisttheimportantnationalworkofthisbody.Itscontinuancedependsontheresponsereceived fromthegreatbodyofCatholicsin WesternAustraliawhoundertaketo becomemembersoftheOrganisationat anannualsubscriptionofIs.MembersmillhavetheopportunityofrenewingtheirsubscriptionsonSunday, July23,whentheAnnualMembership Drivewilltakeplace.Individually theamountis'small;itrepresentsthe sumsdonatedeachweektootherpatrioticbodieson"buttonday."The objectiveoftheExecutiveCommittee oftheC.W.O.istoincreaseitsmembershipfrom9,000to10,000.InJuly, 1943,a

QUARANT'ORE

Inadditiontoacknowledgingthe amountsreceivedformembershipsubscriptionsfromthevariousparishes, theExecutiveoftheC.W.O.wish,to takethisopportunityofacknowledgingthegenerousassistancewhichit hasreceivedfromthenumerouspa. trioticbodiesthroughoutWesternAustralia,andfromindividualsandcity firms.Theyparticularlywishto thanktheCatholicGirls'Movement andtheCatholicSocialGuildfortheir effortsinconnectionwiththeCatholic BallandtheSt.Patrick'sConcert.In all,theC.W.O.receivedatots,of £1,98116s6dfromJuly1,1943,toJune 26,1944,inclusiveofthemembership subscriptionslistedabove.Hereunder arelistedthedonationsreceived:-

BYRNE-ATKINSONWEDDING

BRYANT&WATERS, 80to90STIRLINGST.,PERTH. WOOD&COALMERCHANTS.

OrdersPromptlyAttendedTo. 'Phone:B3988.

BUNBURY.

LANDandESTATEAG!INT, G.H.TEEDE.

'Phone31 Private267 SMITH'SBUILDINGS, WELLINGTONBT.,BUNBURY. Businesses,Farms,Ho..ses,Land ForSale.

KALGOORLIE.

J.W.SHEEHAN, PRIMEBEEFBUTCHER.

HANNANST.,ICALGOORLII; MARITANASTREET. Tel.438... Tel.438

PatroniseOurAdvertisers.

ALEXRODOREDA TurfCommissionAgent 802HAYSTREET. AGENTFORW.A.CHARITIES. RingB5841andB6236.

RandolphKnapp (WA.OA.). SIGHT-TESTINGOPTICIAN. 12ATWELLARCADE, FREMANTLEL1582.

ALBANY.

H.C.PriorFuneralDirector ALBANY(Established1921). PrivateMortuary.MotorVehicles, ChargesModerate. 'Phone215. Albany,Mt.Barker,Denmarkand Districts,

WhiteRockQuarries FOR ALLGRADESOFMETALFORROADCONSTRUCTIONANDCONCRETEWORK.

'PHONES:B8866,B8989. AfterHours:MW24 3rd.FLOOR,COLONIALMUTUALBUILDINGS,PERTH.

ROSENSTAMMPTY.LTD.

61,63and65KINGST.,PERTH

TheLeadingLeatherMerchant WESUPPLYANYTHINGINLEATHER SaddleryandHarness,SuitCases,Etc.SuedeSkinsforFancyWork SOLEAGENTSFORDr.Scholl'sFootAppliances."Salvitis"StockRemedies,forHorses,Cattle Sheep,Pigs,Poultry,Dogs.FreeBookletonApplication WERESTRINGTENNISRACQUETS

CATHOLIC WOMEN'SLEAGUE

Executivemeeting:July3.

Canteen.

TownHall:July5.

Buffet:July12.

DunleavyHouse:Saturday,July8Mrs.Goody(B6644)wouldbepleased tohavethenamesofanynewhelpers.

PatrioticSewingandKnitting.

WoolwillbedistributedeveryWednesdayafternoonfrom2to4,andafternoonteaserved.

NotesonGeneralMeeting.

ElectionofOfficers.-Asthetermof officehadexpired,allmembersofthe Executiveautomaticallyretired.Nominationswerecalledforthedifferent branchestofillthevariousvacancies. Theelectionsresultedinthefollowing candidatesbeingappointedunopposed:President,Mrs.Maxwell;treasurer, Mrs.Davies;generalsecretary,Mrs. Pownall;minutesecretary,Mrs.Chesson.

DuringtheafternoonpresentatLns weremadetotheretiringsecretary (MissFurse)andtheminutesecretary)Mrs.Jenkins).TheLeaguewishes toextenditsappreciationandgratefulthankstothesetwoladiesfortheir manyyearsofuntiringservicetothe League.

ItwaswithpleasurethatwewelcomedthetwodelegatesfromtheNortham Branch,Mrs.RoddaandMrs.Chidlaw. Thisbranchistobecongratulatedon thepreparationandreadingofthe paperon"TheCatholicHome."This inspiringarticlewaspreparedbyMrs. Rodda,andpublishedbythewishof theArchbishopinlastweek's"Record."TheNorthamBranchisdoingexcellentworkbothfortheparish andthepatrioticneedsofthedistrict. Itshouldserveasanincentivetoother countrybranches.

OnWednesday,June21,theLeague helditsannualbridgeafternoonforthe Citizen'sReceptionCommitteeat PhyllisDeanHall.Itwashighlysuccessful,andover£24washandedto theC.R.C.

CATHEDRALBRANCH.

OnMonday,June5,St.Mary'sCathedralwasthesceneofaverypretty wedding,whenBarbara,eldestdaughterofMr.andMrs.F.A.Atkinson,of NorthPerth,wasmarriedtoKeith, secondsonofMr.andMrs.F.A.Byrne, ofMidlandJunction.

NuptialMasswascelebratedbyRev. FatherRafferty.Thealtarboyswere JoeAtkinson,thebride'sbrother;Colin Byrne,thegroom'sbrother;andPeter andMauriceBeeson.

Thebride,whoenteredthechurch onthearmofherfather,wasfrocked inatrainedmodelofwhitesatin.She woreacoronetoforangeblossomwith arichlyembroideredveil,andcarrieda bouquetoffrangipani,snowdropsand tuberroses.Herattendantswereher twosisters,Mrs.R.WilkinsonandMargaretAtkinson,andJeanWilkinson, whochosefrocksinpastelshadesof green,pinkandbluesatinwithtulle veilstotone.Theycarriedmatching posiesofroses,violetsandfern.

ThegroomwasattendedbyCpl. JamesTraversasbestman,andBruce HarrisandAllanByrneasgroomsmen.

Aguardofhonourwasformedbya companyofE.S.C.girlsfromtheCatholicGirls'Movement.

ThereceptionwasheldattheR.S.L Hall,Leederville,whereover100 guestswerewelcomedbyMrs.Atkinson,smartlyfrockedinbrownand fawn,withmatchingaccessories.She wasassistedbyMrs.Byrne,whowas atiredinnavyblueandgreen.

:Ondepartingfortheirhoneymoon thehappycouplewerefarewelledby theirmanyfriends.Thebrideworea travellingfrockofdustypinkwoolde hine,withasmartfelthatandbrown accessories.

ILAJC.B.S.

ContinuedfromPage2.1

St.Mary'sBranch,Leederville. Atthemeetingon21st.inst.,onenew memberwasadmittedandtwoothers nominated.Theannualinter-branch badmintontournamentwascommencedandthematcheswereallinteresting andspectacular,andgavepromiseof somehighclassbadmintonasthetournamentprogressestowardsthefinal stages.Itwillbecontinuedafterthe meetingonWednesdaynext,when men'sdoubles,mixeddoublesandsingleswillbeplayed.

ThemonthlymeetingoftheCathedralBranchwilltakeplaceinthe ChurchOfficesonMonday,July3,at8 o'clock.

Thebridgepartytoheheldon Thursday,June29,inNestleHouse, promisestobehighlysuccessful.

BEACONSFIELD

Anairofexcitementsurrounded BeaconsfieldonSaturday,June17, whentwoofourmostpopularyoung people,MissJoyceJonssonandTerry Mahoney,recently'returnedfromaforwardarea,weremarriedwithNuptial Massat9o'clock.Aftersuchanimpressiveceremony,onewonderswhy therearenotmoremarriagesofthis kindthatsafeguardsand'sanctifies suchabeautifulSacrament.Wewish bothJoyceandTerryallthehappiness theybothdeservenowandinmany yearstocome.Adelightfulbreakfast andsocialfollowed,towhichnumerousfriendsattended,provingthepopularityofthegroomandhislovelybrideFortunatelybothJoeGimlettandJim Matisonwerehomeonleave,andable totakepartinthecelebrations.

Talkingofweddings,EileenKnight gaveusallaverypleasantsurprise whenwelearnedshehadbeenquietly marrieda'weekorsoago.Weallextendtoyourselfandluckyhusband tonsofgoodwishesandhappinessfor futureyears.

CallingallBeaconsfieldgirls,whoare ex-studentsofanyofSt.Joseph'sConvents!Asyouallknow,anex-students' associationhasbeenre-organisedand aneffortisbeingmadetodothingson abigscale,butnotonebeyom,the scoyeofanyofourgirls.Nothingcan bedonewithoutanenthusiasticmembershop,however,andalthough,accordingtoreports,ourparishhasbeen wellrepresented,newfacesarealways welcomeatthemeetingplace-ParrystreetGirls'School-oneveryThursdayevening.

WelcomebacktotheWesttoFather Purcell,wellknowntousall,whohas beenhere,thereandeverywheresince helasthadanyparochialduties amongstus.

AcheeriotoMrs.Harvey,(whoisnow outofhospitalandmakinabraverecoveryafteramajoroperation,

Catholic

Girls'Movement

HEADQUARTERSANDCLUB ROOMS:

BankofN.S.W.Chambers,65St. George'sTerrace(nearSherwood Court)-Rooms:7.10FirstFloor.

CALENDARorACITIVWEIES.

SHORTHAND:MondayandFriday, 5.15420p.m.;Friday,74p.m.

E.S.C.:8p.m.Monday.

LITURGY:8p.m.,Monday.

NURSES'PRAESIDIUM:8p.111.. Tuesday.

DRESSMAKING:7-9.30p.m.,Wednesdays.

CHOIR:8p.m.,Thursdays.

MASS:8a.m.Exposition,Benediction,5.45p.m.,Thursdays.

DANCINGCLASSES:CecilBuildins, Fridays,7.15p.m.

PHYSICALCULTURE:CecilBuildins,Frid.ys,8.15p.m.

JAZZBAND:8p.m.,Fridays.

ORCHESTRA:8.30p.m.,Fridays.

SUNDAY,JUNE25:AnnualRally inSt.Mary'sCathedral,3p.m.

SATURDAYandMONDAY,JULY 1and3:FourthConcertSeason,atAssemblyHall,8p.m.

MONDAY,AUGUST21:Catholic PatrioticBall.

FourthConcertSeason.

Comealongandjointhelargecrowd ofpeoplethatisgoingtobeatthe C.G.M.Concert,tobeheldintheAssemblyHall,Pienstreet,onJuly1and 3.Ifanyoneshouldhappentomiss Saturdaynight'sperformance,besure andprocurereservationsfortheMondaynightfromtheC.G.M.Office, wheretheboxplanisopen.Tickets 2/;bookingfreeofcharge.

DancingClasses.

Weareturningoutquiteanumber offirst-classballroomdancersnowthat thisactivityhasbeenresumed.How aboutsomeoftheintending1944debutantesbrushinguptheirsteps?Any girlwhowouldcaretospendanhour everyFridayat7.15p.m.isverywelcometogoalongtoCecilBuildings tfirstfloor),inSherwoodCourt,and joininwiththepupils.

CanteenDates.

CA1/414,Group.

PhyllisDean:Saturday,July8.

TownHall:Sunday,July16.

PhyllisDean:Wednesday,August2. L.BA.Group.

TownHall:Friday,June30.

PhyllisDean:Monday,July17.

TownHall:Tuesday,July25.

Undernocircumstanceswillanygirl beadmittedtoCanteenwithouther badge.GirlsattendingonSundayare askedtobethereby2p.m. Exposition.

MassiscelebratedintheChapel everyThursdayat8am.,andExpositionoftheBlessedSacramentcontinuesduringthedayuntilBenedictionat5.45p.m.Wearemostanxious thatasmanygirlsandtheirfriends willcomeupduringtheday,particularlybetween9and11a.m.

MarianArtsGuild.

AstheJulymeetingoftheMarian ArtsGuildtakesplaceonFriday, July14,at8p.m.,intheMcNessHall, Pier-street,allmembersareaskedto keepthisnightfree.

FluePipeforStovesBathHeaters. StocksofPaints,Varnish,Calcomine. Hassell'sStores,Perth,..B6307.

J.F.CAIN

17STIRLINGHIGHWAY. COTTESLOE. 'Phoner2121,DayorNight. LICENSEDSANITARYPLUMBER IRONWORKER,SHEETMETAL WORKER.

nIalfilflin101HOU81111101,1111M11111HIHIH1410.1nOMIHIHI T.VIVIAN, 143Rokeby-road,Subiaco. W1589. FORSEWERAGECONNECTIONS, W1539.

BadWaterPressure,BrokenPedestal Pans,BlockedSewerDrains,Cistern andRoofRepairs,T.V.

KALGOORLIE

PastPupils'Three-Days'Retreat.

Allpastpupilswishingtomakethe RetreatareaskedtocontacttheRev. MotheratSt.Michael'sConvent,as soonaspossible.TheRetreatwill commenceonSundayevening,July16, andheconductedforthreedaysbya RedempturistFather.Lastyear'sRetreatwasmostsuccessful,anditisexpectedthatagreatnumberofladies andgirlswidmakeapplicationinthe nextweekorso.

St.Michael'sSchool.

ThechildrenoftheaboveschoolrenewedtheirActofConsecrationtothe SacredHeartuntheoccasionofthe greatFeast(lay.TheactwasfollowedbybenedictionoftheBlessedSacrament.

Bator.

Itisintendedtoholdabazaarinthe parishduringthelastweekinAugust, andtheorganisationofthevarious stallandotherattractionsisbeing quietlyproceededwith.

Library.

Aboutfiftymorenewbookswere addedtotheshelvesduringtheweek, bringingourtotaltowellovertwelve hundred.Mostofthegoodcurrent authorsarenowrepresented.

Personal.

Rev.FatherMcCarthyisholidaying inPerth,andRev.FatherKelliher,of WestPerth,isvisitingKalgoorlie.

Mr.Carroll,ofVarden-street,isaninmateofSt.JohnofGodHospital.

H.A.C.BA.Elections.

Attherecentelectionofofficersfor theensuingterm,Sr.M.Hillwaselect, edtothepresidency.Bro.Shinnichis thenewvice-president,andSr.Dalyremainsassecretary.Thebranchconsidersitselfinafortunateposition,as Bro.Prestonhasacceptedthevacancy amongtheauditors.

Bro.Henneker,theretiringpresident,congratulatedthenewofficers, andwasinturncomplimentedonthe efficientmannerinwhichhehadcarriedouthisdutiesduringthepast twelvemonths.

Theattendanceatmeetingsremains goodandseveralnewmembershaverecentlyjoined.

CatholicTennisAssociation

(ContinuedonPage3.)

'

By"L"

Therewasanaverageattendanceat RobertsonParklastSunday,some50 playersbeingpresent.Itwasunfortunatethattheweatherwassodoubtful,forpreviousindicationswerethat theattendancewouldatleasthave beenapproximately100,asthecommitteehadbeensuccessfulinsecuring additionalsuppliesoftennisballs. Furthermore,12courtshadbeenhired insteadoftheusual6.Amongstthe playerswasMissP.Dillon,ofSt. Mary's,Kalgoorlie.

HighgateClub.

Allarrangementsarenowcomplete forournextdance,tobeheldinthe ParishHallonFridaynext,30th.inst. A4-pieceorchestrahasbeenengaged, andthefloorandsupperareguaranteedtoequaltheirusualexcellence.

Bt.Joachim'sClub.

AclubmeetingwasheldlastSunday evening,andthefollowinghavebeen arranged:

OnJuly9,theclubwillbevisiting Fremantle,andanafternoon'stennis willbefollowedbyteaanddancein theCanteen.

Preliminaryarrangementsarein handfortheannualtournament.EntrieswillcloseonJuly16,andplay willcommenceonSaturday,July22. The1944Pattersontrophyformixed doubleswillbeheldinconjunction withtheotherevents.

AvisitfromSt.Columba'sistentativelyfixedforAugust5.Itisunderstoodthatachallengematchwillbe playedonthatdate,theplayersbeing A.G.HerbertandE.Towton(St. Columba's)v.J.TullyandA.E.Heagney(St.Joachim's).Judgingfrom thebetting,thelatterappeartohethe favourites.

OurCatholicSchoolsandColleges

CHRISTIANBROTHERS,MT.HENRY.

ONEOFTHEASSOCIATEDPUBLICSCHOOLSOFW.A. AQUINASCOLLEGETELEPHONE:MU1620.

'01$BOARDERSANDDAYSTUDENTS.

BOYSADMITTEDFROM7UPWARDS. BeautifullySituated,overlookingtheriver,nearthenewCanningBridge. ForParticularsapplyto-ThePrincipal,AquinasCollege,CanningParade,Mt.Henry

SACREDHEARTHIGHSCHOOL

HIGHGATE-PERTH.

(CONDUCTEDBYTHESISTERSNOTREDAMEDESMISSIONS). BOARDINGANDDAYSCHOOLFORGIRLS.

PUPILSPREPAREDALLEXAMINATIONS. MONTESSORISCHOOLFORYOUNGCHILDREN. For Prospectusapply-'Phone:B3810.

REV.MOTHERPRIORESS.

LoretoConvent"Osborne'-Claremont BOARDINGANDDAYCOLLEGE.

TheSchoolprovidesasoundeducationonmodernlinesinallbranches ofstudy.Thepupilsarepreparedforallexaminations.Th.!Schoolis I,autifullyHtLatedbetweenOceanandRiver,inextensivegrounds, wIth;Incp;ayingfieldsandprivateSwimmingPoolinRiver. Telephone:F2135. Apply- MOTHERSUPERIOR.

ST.ILDEPHONSUS'COLLEGE

NEWNORCIA

CONDUCTEDBYTHEMARISTBROTHERS.

CatholicboysrecommendedonthescoreofcharacterbytheirParish Priest,andreadytocommenceatleastSixthStandardorarrival,can benowenrolledforcommencementinFebruary,1948.Application shouldbemadeatonce.Acceptanceduring1944or1945isnolongei possible.

ForParticularsApplyto-THEBROTHER

SUBIACO

(ContinuedfromPage3.)

Morethanseventyboysattended thelastmeeting,whichwasverygratifyingtothecommittee.FatherBreslin,0.M.I.,waspresentanddelivered averyinspiringtalktotheboyson howtodealwith"Temptation." Football.

Withfourwinsinarow,theteamis doingremarkablywell.LastSaturdaytheysecuredthemostmeritorious winfortheseasonattheexperiseof theSubiacoPoliceBoys.Thecoach, FrankLyons,ismouldingtheteam intoafirst-classcombination.ProminentplayersatSaturday'smatchwere thefollowing:LenLyons(sixgoals), RonJeffreys,andDes.Cooper.

OnSundaythelong-awaitedgame againstSt.Ildephonsiis'boystook placeattheW.A.C.A.Ground.After averykeentusslewecameoutwinnersbytwogoals.Theteamwas minusseveralprominentplayers,but thiswassomewhatcompensatedbythe inclusionoftheHodgebrothersand PeterLanigan.

BasketBall.

LastThursdaynighttheteamtravelledtoFremantleandengagedtheFremantlePoliceBoys.Thefirstgame resultedinawinforouropponents, butweredeemedourselvesinthesecondgameafteraveryhardfight.

Boxing.

Theboxingtournamentisscheduled tocommenceearlyinJuly.Already severalboyshaveintimatedtheirdesiretoparticipate.However,afew vacanciesstillexistforthoseinterested.

DebatingGroup.

Adebatinggroupisshortlytobe putunderway.Anyboyinterested shouldcontactLes.Peirceasearlyas possible.

Social

Thedancesarestillprovingquite successful.TheattendancelastSaturdaywasverygood,andwashailed byallasagreatnight.Overtwenty servicemenwerepresentatthedance. Lessonsinmoderndancingareheld onWednesdaynight.Theselessons stillcontinuetoattractgoodattend. ances.

Personal.

Thememberswereverysorryto learnthatFrankSweeneyhasbeen pOstedasmissingwhileflyingonoperationalworkoverEurope.However, wehopethatintheverynearfuture wewillbeabletoannouncethatheis safeandwell. Seenaroundtheparishrecentlyon leavewereGeorgePowellandElgar O'Mahoney,

BATTLEFORWEALTH.

Mostpeoplehavetobattlehard throughlifetosavemoneytotide themovertheirdecliningyears;but thosewhoinvestintheCharities Sweeps,drawneachweek,standa goodchanceofmakingashortcuttoa smallfortune.Invest2/6nowforthe No.212b,drawnnextweek.

44 DEATHS

44

McMAHON.-OnJune26,1944,ather residence,21Constitution-street,East Perth,KateMcMahon,dearlyloved sisterofPatrick,Margaret(Mr's. Williams,deceased),Mary(Mrs. Newman,deceased),fondauntof TomMcMahon;aged77years.R.I.P. PrivatelyinterredintheRomanCatholicportionoftheKarrakatta Cemetery,onJune27.Bowraand O'Dea,FuneralDirectors,Pertb

44 INMEMORIAM ÷

LEDDIN.-Inlovingmemoryofour dearhusbandandfather,William Leddin,whodiedonJune30,1942. MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhissoul.

-Insertedbyhislovingwife,sons anddaughters.

PARKINSON.-Ofyourcharity,pray forthereposeofthesoulofEllena Parkinson,whodiedonJuly4,1941. MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhersoul.

-Insertedbyherlovinghusband, daughterElizabeth,son-in-lawCecil, grandchildrenJames.John,Ellena,BernadetteHynes,andherlovingsister, Mrs.Gallagher.

ROOKE.-Inaffectionatememoryof Mydeardaughter,Lila(Mrs.Rooke), whodiedJune26,1937. SweetJesus,havemercyonher dearsoul,andallthesoulsofthe faithfuldeparted.

-Insertedbyherlovingmother, Mrs.Eddy,andsister,Marjory.

RYAN.-InlovingmemoryofLeo Ryan,whodiedJuly2,1941.R.I.P. EverrememberedbyMaurineand FredBradyandlittlegrandsonLeo.

RYAN.-Inlovingmemoryofourlovinghusbandandfather,LeoRyan, whodiedJuly2,1941.

Eternalrestgrantuntohim,0Lord. Everrememberedbyhislovingwife andfamily.

WALL-Inlovingmemoryofmydear husbandandourlovedfather, ThomasA.L.Wall,whopassedaway July3,1940.RequiescatinPace.

-Insertedbyhislovingfamily.

WhattheCo-Operative IdealMeans

HowitAppliestoBuying, SellingandBanking

1.0o-operationinGeneral.

Aco-operativeenterpriseisanassociationofindividualswhoelimnatethe middlemanintheirbuying,sellingand banking.

Aco-operativecompanydiffersfrom anordinarycompany(i.e.,JointStock Company)inmanyways.

Inajointstockcompanyaperson hasmanyvotesaccordingtothenumberofsharesheholds,inaco-operative companynoonehasmorethanone vote,andthereisalimittothenumbcr ofsharesanyonepersonmayhold.

Inajointstockcompanysharesoften changehandsrapidly,thisisnotsoin acu-operativecompany.

Inordinarycompaniestheindividual isofnoaccount,moneyorcapitalis whatcounts;intheco-operativecompanytheindividualisofthegreatest import,nomatterhow.littlemoneyhe mayown.

2.ConsumersCo-operatives.

Aconsumers'co-operativeisanassociationofconsumerswhoseektoeliminatethemiddleman,bysupplying themselveswithgoods,insteadofbuyingfromretailers.

InEnglandthemovementbeganin 1844,when28menatRochdaleopened theircompanywith£28whichtheyhad savedinpennies.To-daytheEnglish co-operativehas6,500,000members.

Theprinciplesonwhichaconsumers' co-operativeworkare:

1.Norestrictionofmembership.Each share£1.

2.Eachmemberislimitedtoacertain numberofshares.

3.Interestontheshareispaidatmarketrates.

4. Eachmemberhasonlyonevote. Controlisdemocratic.

5.Goodsaresoldatcurrentmarket prices.

6.Profitsaredistributedtomembers inproportiontothevalueofgoods boughtbythatperson.

7.Computationandpaymentsofprofitsmadequarterly.

8.Allsalesareonacashbasis.

Thevalueofco-operativemovement willbeevident.Itisaself-helpand mutualhelp.Itchangesoureconomic systemwithoutrevolution.Itisthe answertobothCommunismand m Acommonobjectionisthatitwill putmanyasmallmanoutofbusiness. Inanswertothiswesaythatitwill notbelongtillthechainstoresdo that,andthereisonlyoneanswerto chainstores,co-operation.

3.Producers'Co-operative.

Aproducers'co-operativeseemstobe themostsuccessfultypeofco-operative especiallywhenitisanassociationof farmers.Substantialgainsaremade byproducers,sothattheygetafair returnfortheirlabour.Byeliminatingthemiddlemantheyhavepowerful buyingpowerasacollectivebody;by collectivelygrading,andmarketing theirproductstheygetbiggerprices. Theresultisthatfarmersincreasetheir ownershipintheirfarms,inawaythat isimpossibleunderanyothersystem. Producer'sco-operativesbeganinGermanyin1896,duetoaMr.Shulze.

4.CreditCo-operatives.

Acreditco-operativeisanassociationofindividualswhohavesmall amountsofcapitaltosave.Theypool thesesavingsandsoaccumulatesufficientfundstoelimnatetheinterestof thebanks.Theylendm'onevtomembersatalowrateofinterest,andall profitsfromthebusinessIkedistribut-

edtomembersinproportiontothe borrowingsofthosemembers.

Thesecreditunionsareownedand managedbythemembers.

Generalfundsareusuallyinvestedin thelocalbanks.

Thecreditco-operativeisinapositiontoborrowlargesumsofmoney, andatbetterterms,thananyindividual coulddo.

AdvantagesoftheCredit0o-operatives:

1.Itearnsinterestonindividuals'small savings.

2.Enablesloanstobemadethatare toosmallfortradingbankstobeinterestedin.

3.Itenablesamanwithoutsecurityto obtainaloan.

4.Itpromoteshonesty,forasloansare madenotonsecuritybutcharacter, aborrowermustneedsbeknownto behonest.

CreditCo-operativesbeganinGermanyin1848byF.Raiffeisen.They spreadtoBelgium,andin1900AlphonseopenedoneinaCatholicparish inQuebec,andin1909heopenedone inaCatholicparishinU.S.A.In1924 theCatholicFarmers'Conferenceof U.S.A.beganacampaignforcreditcooperatives.Atthepresenttimein Americathereare172ofthem,of which160areinCatholicparishes.

CO-OPERATIONINVARIOUS COUNTRIES.

Denmark:

In1875theStateassistedCredit bankstohelpworkerstobuyfarmsat acheaprate.Thebiglandowners putupseriousopposition,butthat wasovercome.

Theco-operativemovementproper beganin1881withaco-operativedairy, andthenextendedtomarketing,buying,banking.Itincludesawidespread educationmovementwhichisthebest intheworldonthesematters,and givesachildthebestpossibletraining foragriculturallife.

Belgium:

Untilrecentyearsthefarmersof Belgiumwerepoorpeasantsinamost distressfulpositionthatseemedhopeless.Apoorpriestpersuadedafew mentoimitatethefarmer'sofDenmark.Heformedaco-optobuyfertiliser,feed,machinery,implements. Soonhewasjoinedbyaprofessorand abanker,andtogethertheyproduced the"Roerenbond."whichisthelargestandmostinfluentialco-operativein theworld.Ithasbroughtprosperity andscientificefficiencytoapeoplewho werepoorandantiquated.

NovaScotia:

In1923thefishermenofNovaScotia wereindesperateplight.Therewasno salefortheircatch,andtheirnetsand boatsremainedunmended.Theparishpriestbeganclassesinco-operation, andinashorttimethewholeposition changed.Thefishermenhavebuilt theirowncanneries,stores,credit unions,andchartershipstobring theirgoodstoCanadaandtheU.S.A. Scientistscomefromfarandwideto seehowapeoplewhoweredesperate havegainedsecurityandcontentment. AmericanPresidentsonCoOperation.

TheodoreRoosevelt:"Theco-operativeplanisthebestplanoforganisa tionwherevermenhavetheright spirittocaryitout.Underthisplan anybusinessundertakingismanaged byacommittee,everymanhasone voteandonevoteonly;andeveryone getsprofitsaccordingtowhathesells orbuysorsupplies.Itdevelopsindividualresponsibilityandhasamoral

(ContinuedonBackCover.)

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find thesematerialsdelightfullyeasy tomakeupandtheresultswill thrillyou.

Feltisanotherexcitingmedium thatoffersunlimitedscopefor youringenuity.Itisonsalein Foy'sHomecraftSectioninmany lovelycolours.Hereisagrand opportunityforyoutosave moneybymakingyourown Christmasgiftsthisyear.

aThecarhadknockedamandown andhadgoneoverhisfoot.Thevictimwasloudlydemandingcompensation.

"Goodheavens!"gaspedtheastoundedmotorist."Fortypoundsfora damagedfoot!Mydearman,I'mnot amillionaire."

"Per'apsyouain't,"wastheterse reply."AndIain'tnocentipede neither!"

Conjurer:"Now,sir,youhearyour watchtickinginsidethishandkerchief. Areyousatisfied?

MemberofAudience:"I'mmore thansatisfied,I'mamazed;thatwatch hasn'tgoneforsixmonths."

*..

Shewasahard-visagedwomanand repeated"No"toeveryrequestmade bythedoorsalesman,endingupby saying:"No-I'veneverboughtone sinceIwasborn."

"Madam,"saidhe,closinghisbag, withasigh,"areyousureyouwere born-notquarried?"

Althoughthetwoschoolmasters wereonholiday,theycouldn'trefrain fromtalking"shop."Thisparticular .eveningtheywerediscussingthemisdeedsofoneoftheirpupils.

"Doyouknow,"saidoneofthemasters,"1can'thelpthinkingthatMr. Smithdoeshisson'shomeworkfor him."

"Whatgivesyouthatidea?"asked hiscompanion.

"Well,attheendoflasttermI askedhimtogivemetheanswerto thequestion,'WhatisSupremeHappiness?'andtheentryinhisbookthe nextdayread:'TheLifeofaI3achelor.'"

* * * *

Agroupofgolfersweretellingtall stories.Atlastcameaveteran'sturn.

"Well,"hesaid,"Ioncedroveaball -accidentally,ofcourse-throUgha cottagewindow.Theballknocked overanoillamp,andtheplacecaught fire."

"Whatdidyoudo?"askedhis friends.

"Oh,"saidtheveteran,"Iimmediatelyteedanotherball,tookcarefulaim, andhitthefire-alarmintheHigh Street.Thatbroughtoutthefire brigadebeforeanydamagewasdone."

* * * *

YoungHusband:"Didyouspeakto themilkmanabouttherebeingno creamonthemilk,mydear?"

YoungWife:"Yes,Itoldhimabout it,andheexplaineditsatisfactorily.He saidhealwaysfilledthejugsofullthat therewasnoroomontopforcream."

BrownandSmithwerewalkingdown the.HighStreetwhentheywerepassedbyasmartlydressedwoman.Smith wassurethatheknewher.

"Isay,Brown.oldman,"heremarked,"doyouknowthatwomanacross thestreet?"

"Shecertainlylooksfamiliar,"came Brown'sreply."It'smywife'sdress, mydaughter'shat,mymother-in-law's umbrella-why,ofcourse!It'sour cook!"

* * * *

Wife:"IfIweretodiewouldyou takeanotherwife?"

Husband:"No,Maria."

Wife:"Why,not?"

Husband:"Well,Maria,Icouldnot getabetterwifethanyou-andone likeyouIshouldrefusetotake."

* * *

"Mynewhousemaidisatreasure," declaredMrs.Hubley."Ihada bridgepartytheotherevening,and onewomanfailedtoturnup.You knowhowitis-shegavemenonotice whatever,"

"Veryannoying."

"Thehousemaid,however,putonone ofmygownsandfittedinbeautifully."

"Thatwashelpful."

"Yes,andIwonherweek'swages."

"Daddy,buymeabicycle." "Whyabicycle?Ihaveneverhad oneandyetIgrewupbigandstrong."

"Daddy,dobuymeabicycle." "Ifyouareindustriousyoucanearn moneyandbuyone."

"Daddy,whatalazyfellowyoumust havebeen."

Peter:"Youknow,dear,theysay thatpeoplewholivetogetherforany lengthoftimegettolookexactly alike."

Polly:"Thenyoumayconsidermy refusalquitedefinite."

ThepresidentofSuper-ColossalPkturesenteredthemainoffice.'Get out!"hehowledatayoungmansittingthere."WhileI'mbossI'llnot tolerateanyloafingaroundhere."

"Ibegyourpardon,"saidtheyoung man,"butIdon'tworkhere.Ijust cameinlookingforaposition."

"Thenyou'rehired,"growledthepresilent.

"Oh,thankyou,sir,"beamedthe .youngman.

Thepresidentpointedtothedoor again."Andnowgetout,"heroared. "You'refired!"

Theyoungmanpickeduphishat andturnedtothepresident."Doyou mind,"heinquired,"ifIaskoneques- tion?"

"Well,"remarkedtheexecutive, "whatisit?"

"Tellme,whatkindofjobdidIhold beforeIwasfired?"

Whentheofficetypistlefttoget married,thestaffclubbedtogetherand boughtheravacuumcleaner.

Thehonourofmakingthepresenta- tionfelluponSmith,whospentmuch timeandthoughtonhisspeech.

Whenthetimecame,hesteppedforward,blushedfuriously,andsaid.

"Onbehalfofmycolleaguesandmy self,Icongratulateyou,andbegyou toacceptthistokeofourregara.We hopethat,asyouuseittofreeyour homefromunwanteddirtandlitter youwillberemindedofyourold friendsattheoffice."

* Sam,summonedforjuryserviceata murdertrial,hadseemedalittletoe anxioustoserve.

"Doyouknowtheaccused?"hewas asked.

"Yassuh-datis,nossuh,"hereplied, realisingthatifhemadeanaffirmative answerhewouldbebarredfromserving.

"Youthink,then,thatyoucould givehiscareafairhearing?"

"Yassuh,"repliedSam."Leastwise, ezfairezdeolescampdeserves."

* * *

"I'mstartingaworld-widemovement againstcosmetics.Powdershallnever touchmynose!"

"Soyouintendtobeashiningexample?"

Thehardwaredealer'sdaughter threwherarmsaroundtheneckofthe bridegroom-to-be.

"Oh.Waltershesaid,"dad'sgoing togiveusachequeforapresent!"

"Good!"saidWalter."Thenwe'll havetheweddingatnooninsteadof2 o'clock!"

"Butwhy,dear?"

"Thebankscloseatthree!"

* * *

Afterafewwords,mostlyspokenby theyoungwije,herhusbandsprangto hisfeet.

"You'vegonetoofar!"heexclaimed, angrily."Thisisourlastquarrel. I'mgoingrightoutofyourlife."

"Oh,Henry,darling,whereareyou going?"thecried.

"WhereI'llnevertroubleyouagain." hereplied,ashestartedtoopenthe door."I'llfindaplacewherewildadventurewillwipeoutthememoriesof thismoment-perhapsinthejunglenronthestormyseas.."

Ashespokeheopenedthedoor. thencloseditagain,andturnedsternlytohiswife.

"It'si.luckyforyouit'sraining,"he said,

* * *

Acertain"romanwhowasproudof heraristocraticancestorshappenedto showhermaidthesilhouetteofas auntofhers.

Thegirlhadneverseenanythingof thekindbefore,andgazedattheportraitlongandearnestly.

"Lor,mum,"shesaid,atlength,"I alwaysthoughtyouhadsomerelations like,,that:you'rethatdarkintheface yourself."

MtnCSSY'SN1tCESandIxteWS

DearCornerites,-Whatanicelotof lettersthisweek.Thatisthething youroldAuntylikestosee,andIdo hopeyouwon'thaveanydifficultyin keepingupthestandard.

Theweatherhasbeenbeautifullately,hasn'tit,butI'mafraidthefarmers wouldratherseetherain.Isn'tita pity,children,thatwecan'thaverain atnighttimeandsunshineduringthe day.Then,I'msure,everybody wouldhesatisfied.

Nowthatthewarhasreachedsuch adecisivepoint,Iwantyou,Cornerites, toprayextrahardthatitmightend soon,andpeaceberestoredtothe world.For,asLordTennysonsaid:

"Morethingsarewroughtbyprayer

Thanthisworlddreamsof." And,atthistime,ourprayersareCCr. tainlyneeded.

AUNTBESSY.

Box19,Menzies.

DearAuntBessy,-Pleasefindenclosed/I10s.fortheBushies,froman oldfriend.Willyoukindlysendme sixprickcards?Hopingyouwilloblige-Yoursfaithfully, MISSI.PIANTO.

DearMissPianto,-Imustthankyou sincerelyforyourgenerousgift.Ihope youreceivedthesixprickcardssafely.Youveryabsent-mindedAunt forgottoenclosetheminthelettershe wrote.butthatshouldberemediedby now AUNTBESSY.

* * * EastFremantle.

DearAuntBessy,-Pleasefinden closedpostalnotestothevalueof3.5s., fortheBushies.Wishingyouevery success.-Yoursfaithfully, "SANDGROPER."

Dear"Sandgroper,"-Mythanksare dueforyourgenerosity.Iamsure theBushieswillbeeternallygrateful. Thankyoualsoforyourgoodwishes.

AUNTBESSY.

St.Joseph'sConvent,Fremantle.

DearAuntBessy,-Thankyouvery muchforputtingmypoemin"TheReord."Ihavefilleduptheprickcard whichyousentme,soIwillencloseit inthisletter.Weareverybusyat school.Nextweekwewillcelebrate theGoldenJubileeofthearrivalof theOblateFathersinAustralia.Best wishesforthesuccessof"TheRecord."-Iremain,yourlovingniece, NORMASUTHERLAND.

P.S.--Pleaseexcusethestateofthe prickcard.Thepostmandroppedit intherainanditwastrampledon.N.S.

DearNorma,-I'mverygladthat .youwerepleasedtoseeyourpoemin print.Youmustsendgneanothereffortsometime,youknow.Iamsure youarealllookingforwardtothe GoldenJubileecelebrations,Norma. Perhapsyoumightevenbeinspiredto writeapoemaboutthat.Theprick cardwasquitealright.Ithadthe rightnumberofpricksinit,andthat wasthemainthing,wasn'tit?

AUNTBESSY.

Perth.

DearAuntBessy,-Enclosing10s.in gratitudetoSt.Anthony,forfindinga lostarticleofsentimentalvalue.Kindlygive5s.foraMassinhishonour,and :is.totheLemonadeBottle.Iamenclosingunderseparatecoversomeused postagestamps,whichIhopewillbe useful.HopingtheL.B.isfillingrapidly.-Yourssincerely, AGRATEFULCLIENT.

DearM.B.,-Manythankstoyou andthegoodSt.Anthony.Hehas certainlydonealotfortheCornerin thepast,andIamsurehewillcon.

lemonadeBottle

tinuetobeaspopularasever.I havepassedonthe5s.fortheMassas yourequested.Thanksalsoforyour stamps.Theywillcertainlybeusefultous.

AUNT13ESSY.

Forrest-street,Kellerberrin.

DearAuntBessy,-Iamenclosing thecompletedprickcardwithpostal note.Wouldyoupleasesendmetwo prickcards? Myuncle,whoisa navigatorintheR.A.A.F.,isoverin England.Weprayforhimb:Lause hemightsoonbefightingtheGermans. OurdaddyisstillinQueensland.The rainswereverylatethisyear,butwe aregettingsomenow.Wedidsome gardeninglastMondaywhenwehad aholidayfromschool.Idon'tthink Itoldyoubeforethatwehaveapet lamb;wefeeditonthebottle(not Lemonade).Italsolikesfreshgreen grass.Lotsoflove.From MARGARETDONOVAN.

DearMargaret.-Thankyouforthe P.N.andthecompetedprickcard.I ampostingyoutwomorestraight away.HowareVeronica,Jamesand Anthony?Dotheyhelpyoutofilll theprickcards,ordoyoudoitall byyourself?Thelambmustbea dearlittlefellow,Margaret,but.for goodnesssake.neverbringhimdown tothecity.Whatwithmeatrationing andall,I'mafraidhislifewouldn'tbe worthacent.Youdidn'ttellmehis nameeither.You'llhavetodothat nexttimeyouwrite.Youmustpray hardforyourunclenow,children,and alsoforailthethousandsofothermen whoareriskingtheirlivesinFrance andelsewhere-and,ofcourse,Iknow youwon'tforgetthatdaddyofyours inQueensland AUNTBESSY.

Mornington.

DearAuntBessy,-Thisismyfirst lettertoyou.Iamtwelveyearsof age.Iwanttoknowifyoucould sendmeaprickcard?-Yourloving niece, JEANWARNER.

DearJean,-I'mpleasedtowelcome anothernewfriendtotheCornerand onewiththerightspirit,too.Iwill postyouaprickcardstraightaway, Jean,andIhopeyoudon'thaveany difficultyinfillingit. AUNTBESSY. Bunbury-road,Waroone.

DearAuntBessy,-Iwasverysorry toreadaboutthelackofcorrespond. encetoyourCorner.Iwilltryto makeupforafewdisappointments. Wearehavinglovelyweatherhereat present.Iamafraid,however,thatit isnotthebestweatherforthedairy farmers.Weareafamilyofsixchildren,fivegirlsandoneboy. Afew yearsagoweattendedaBushies' SchoolatKatanning,butwenow thankfultosaywehaveourownConventSchoolhereinWaroona.Kindly sendalongtwoprickcards;wewillfill themandsendthembacktoyouby post.Withthehelpofanotherschool mate,wearecollectingusedpostage stampsforyourCorner.Withbest wishes.Lovefrom

MOTHER,DADDY&FAMILY.

DearMother,Daddy,andtheFamily,-I'meversopleasedtofindthat I'vestillgotsomesympatheticreaders.Quiteanumbermusthaveheedelmyplea,formymailquotahasnow returnedtonormal,andtheLemonade Bottleishimselfoncemore.I'msorry aboutthoseprickcards,butIwon'tbe abletosendthemforawhileyet,for, yousee,youdidn'ttellmetowhom toaddressthem.I'mverygrateful foryourofferregardingthestamps,and I'llhelookingforwardtohearingfrom youagainsoon. AUNTBESSY.

.41 a a Perth.

ThePlainPrincess

PartIII.

"Oh!"gaspedPrincess'Enrietta,in surprise,asshesawBingle'shandreach outforasecondmissile."Yougreat brute,you!"shebegan,andthen,seeingthathemeantbusiness.shethrew herselfvehementlyintothefray.Takingcoverbehindatallcupboard,an advantageouspositionwhereshewas affordedaplentifulsupplyofammunition,sheproceededsystematicallyto clean-upBingle.

Binglemightnothavebeenavery goodmagician,buthedefinitelytried tolookthepart.Hencethewellstockedcupboardfromwhich'Enrietta washelpingherselfliberally.Beinga girl,shewasnaturallyamuchbetter shotthanpooroldBingle,andit wasn'tlongbeforeherealisedthathe hadthewrongendofthestick.Gloomilyhesurveyedthelastremainingpot withinhisreach,and,determinedto diefighting,hetookcarefulaim.

'Enrietta,atthesamemoment,was engagedinbalancingaglassbulbof greyandpinkstripedsmokeinher hand,intentongettingthecorrect movementofthewrist,beforefollowingthrough,"asdoneinallthebest circles."

Herplaincountenanceworethatexpressionofstudieddeterminationthat showedthatherheartwasinherjob, andthatshewasdeterminedtodischargeittothebestofherability. Judgingherdistancecarefully,shedeliveredafastone.Bingle'spotlefthis handatthesamemoment.

Crash?Neitherofthemissiles reachedtheirdesireddestination.They reachedeachotherinstead!

Theglassbulbsmashedintoathousandpiecesinmid-air,andthejarsent astreamofheliotropeliquidsquirting overthefloor.

Thenastrangethinghappened.The stripedsmokeseemedtobeattracted tothepurpleliquid,for,insteadof floatingoff,itsanktothefloorand hoveredaboutthespreadingpool.Then itbegantotakeshape.

ForacoupleofminutesBingleand 'Enriettawatchedtheprocessofagenie materialising. Hewasquiteanorthodoxgenie,too,allcompletewith turbanandear-rings,andturnedup shoes,andhepossessedthatattribute ofbeingabletowalkaboutafootor soabovethefloor,whichtheysayis peculiartothespecies.

DearAuntBessy,-Herewithjusta littlehelpforthegoodcause.From "NONAME."

DearNoName,-You'venoidea whataSherlockyouroldAuntis!I'm eversoanxioustochangethatnomde-plumeofyours,andndoutwhoour generousfriendreallyis.Anyway, untilthen,allIcansayisthankyou verymuch.

AUNTBESSY.

80Tate-street,W.Leederville.

DearAuntBessy,-Enclosedplease findsomeusedstamps,whichIhope youwillreceivesafely.-Yoursfaithfully, HELENCHEGWIDDEN.

DearHelen,-Thankyouforthe stamps.Theywillindeedbehelpful totheCause. AUNTBESSY.

Whenhewasfullypresentheturned respectfullytothebewilderedpair,and, bowinglow,said,,witkadistinctly foreignaccent:

"Iamzegenieofzejoint.Vatcan Idoforyoudeesmorning?"

Binglewasn'taquickthinkerbut, byJove,'Enriettawasn'tgoingtomiss outonanopportunitylikethis.

"Plenty!"shesaid,briefly. Well,Imustadmitthatgenieknew hisjobalright.

'Enriettagrewravishlybeautifulin theflickeringofaneyelid.Hermousy locksbecamegoldenringlets;hereyes assumedtheblueprescribedforall successfulprincesses,andshebecame tallandslender.Infactshenowbecameasbeautifulasshehadhitherto beenugly.

Binglecouldonlygoggleather.His eyespopped,andhisjawdroppedat leastfourinches,givinghimtheexpressionofapermanentimbecile.The dollopsofcolouredstuffwithwhich 'Enrietta'sfineshootinghadadorned hisface,didnothingto,improvethe generalimpression.

'Enrietta,turningatlastfromthe gratifyingvisioninthemirror,became awareofhisstutteringfigureinthe background.

"Oh!"shesaid,purposely,asshe beckonedthegenie,whowasbynow uninterestedlyregardingaventilatora coupleofinchesfromtheceiling.

Butthenhergoodnatureprevailed. Sheweighedthematterforamoment ortwoand,herhappinessathergood fortuneovercomingherdesireforrevenge,sheforgaveBinglehisdastardly attack,andsaid:

"Genie,darling,perhapsyou'dbetter dosomethingabouthim,don'tyou think!"

Geniedarlingseemedinclinedto agreewithher,soheobliginglytransformedBingleintoanextremelyhandsomeyoungman.Then,considering hisworkcompleted,hemadehisexit throughtheventilatorwhichhehad previouslybeencontemplating.

Bingleand'Enriettajuststaredat eachother.Thenwhatdoyouthink theywentanddid!Why,theyfellin lovewitheachother.

Hownice,you'llthink,andthey'llall livehappilyeverafter.

Butno1 We'reforgettingabout KingPootles!Nowthathisdaughter isabeautyhewon'tevenconsidera commonerforason-in-law.

Bingleand'Enriettarealisedthis awfulfactquiteearlyinthepiece.

"Oh,Bingle!"sobbed'Enrietta,attachingherselftotheyoungman'scoat lapels,"theGenie'sgonenow,sowhat arewegoingtodoaboutit?"

Bingleremarkedthoughtfullythathe wasstillamagicianhimself,buthehappenedtoglanceat'Enrietta'sface,and sodidnotfinishwhathehadbeen goingtosay.

Thereseemednothingforitbutto wakeuptheguardsandexplainthe situationtothem,andthenseewhat oldPootleshadtosayaboutit.

But'Enriettadidn'tlikethisideaat all.Shehadaprettyfairideaofwhat oldPootlesWOULDsay.

Thenanideastruckher.

"Iknowwhatwe'lldo,"shecarolled, graspingBingle'shandsandwaltzing himaroundtheroom,"Iknowwhat we'lldo!"

(TobeContinued.)

"Enrietta'splan,inallitsenormity, willberevealednextweek.Don't missit!)

-Washdaysare Easier

ACKNOWLEDGEDWITHTHANKS. fs.d.. "Sandgroper"

MissI.Pianto

1150

1100

NoName 160

AGratefulClient

AFriend

50

26

MargaretDonovan 26

26

DearAuntBessy,-PleasefindenclosedP.N.for2/6,inhonouroftheSacredHeart. AFRIEND.

DearFriend,-Manythanksforyour help,andmaytheSacredHearthelp you, AUNTBESSY.

RelaxSoapwilltakethehard workoutofwashdaysfor YOU.Relay.isgentleonthe fabricandyourhands;washes clothesasnowywhite;and NOhardrubbingisnecessary.AlwaysuseRELAXin YOURwashtub.(Obtainableinthreesizes.)

MADEINW.A.BYWESTRALIANSOAPSLTD.

WhattheCo-OperativeIdealMeans

(ContinuedfromPage130

aswellasafinancialvalueoverany otherplan.-(ReporttoCongresson AgriculturalCommission,1908.)

WilliamTaftappealedtoallgovernorstomakelegislationforco-operativebanksforfarmers.

WoodrowWilsonappointedaCommissiontovisitEuropetostudycooperativebanks,producersandconsumers'co-operatives.

WarrenHarding:"Iknowofnosinglemovementthatpromisesmore helptowardthereliefofandtheper-

manentbettermentofagriculturalconditionsthantheco-operativemovement."

CalvinCoolidge:"Thereisneedfor co-operativeorganisationsamongagriculturalproducerstohelpthem,both insellingtheirproductsforabetter priceandbuyingtheirrequirements morecheaply.Co-operationisoneof man'searliestsocialdkcoveries,the onewhichhasservedhimbeyondall othersinmakingmaterial,progress."

Hoover:"Iseenowayoutexcept byco-operativemarketingandthedevelopmentofco-operativeaction."

GoldfieldsSection

YOUCANDOALLYOURSHOPPINGAT the GOLDFIELDS' LEADING EMPORIUM whereyoualwaysget THEBESTOFSERVICE

MAKEW.GlassonYOURTAILOR KALGOORLIE

THESHOPFOPMEN'SWEAR

FORTHEBESTMEATatREASONABLEPRICES,DealfromJas.GrayandCo.Ltd. WHOLESAL.:ANDRETAILBUTCHERS.

SIBURTST.,BOULD.R,ARDAGHAVENUE,&HANNANST., KALGOORLIE.

Telephones:B168;E676.

Telephones:B168;18711.

BRENNAN'SBOULDERLTD. THEHOUSEOFQUigLIT}' GENERALDRAPERS MEN'ZOUTFITTERS.

PEERLESSBREADMANUFACTURERS 145FITZGERALDSTREET,PERTH.

OurMotto:

FrankRoosevelt,in1936,appointed agroupofsixtovisitEuropeandreportonCo-operativeactivityinDenmark,Finland,France,GreatBritain, Ireland,Norway,Scotland,Sweden, andSwitzerland.

AmericanBanksForCo-Operatives.

TheU.S.A.Congressin1933,inthe FarmCreditAct,providedfortheestablishmentof13banksforco-operatives.

Twelveoftheseareregionalbanks, oneineachdistrict.The13th.isthe CentralBankforCo-operatives.

Thecreationofthedistrictbanks wasarecognitionbyCongressthata specialisedcreditservicewasneeded tomeettheunusualcreditrequirementsoftheco-operatives,andthatit couldbestbesuppliedtolocalassociationsbyanorganisationascloseto themaspossible,sothatitcouldunderstandtheirbusinessandproblems thoroughly.

TheBanksforCo-operativesmake threetypesofloans:

1.Loanstofinanceco-operativeassociations'currentoperations.

2.Commodityloanstoenablecooperativestoadvancefundstogrowers,oncommoditiesdeliveredto them.

3.Loansforconstructionofbuildings, etc. Theconditionsthatmustbeobsery edbeforeloanscanbemadeare:

1.ACo-operativemusthaveatleast tenmembers.

2.Theremustbeadefiniteneedforthe servicewhichtheco-operativerenders,anditmustconductanefficientoperation.

3.Theco-operativemustbeforthe mutualbenefitofmembers.

4.Ninetypercent.ofthevotingcapitalmustbeinthehandsoffarmers.

5.Theco-operativemustlegallyconformtothestatuteunderwhichit wasorganised.

SummaryofStateLawGoverningCoOperativeCompanies. (Sections101to109Companys'Act, 1929.)

1.Nopersonorcompanymaytrade underthename"co-operative"unless registeredasaco-operativecompany.

2.Anycompanyhavinginitsname ortitletheword"co-operative"orany otherwordimportingasimilarmeaning,shallcontaininitsarticlesofassociationthe:provisions:

(a)Therateofdividendonshares shallnotexceed5percent.inexcessoftheCommonwealthBank rateofinterestforthetimebeing onfixeddepositsfortwoyears.

(b)Beforedeclaringadividendoutof theprofitsforthethenlastfinancial year,thedirectorsmayintheirdiscretionprovidefora'paymentofa dividendupontheshareswhichhad beenissuedandheldbyshareholders, duringthepastthreeyearsinrespectofwhichnodividendwasdeclared.

(c)Allsurplusprofitsinanyyear shallbedistributedbywayofbonus inproportiontothebusinessdone byshareholdersofthecompany.

(d)Everyshareholdershallhavean equalvotingpower,irrespectiveof thenumberofsharesheldbyhim.

3.Thecompanymaybuytheshares ofamemberoutofitsreservefunds, butthesharessopurchasedmustnot exceed1-20partofthepaidupcapital ofthecompany.

4.Onthewindingupofthecompany noshareholdershallreceiveinpaymentforhisshareanyamountexceedingthecapitalpaidupbyhimforthe share,togetherwithanydividendsor bonusduetohim.

5.Iftheassetsareinexcessofthe subscribedcapital,thecompanymay notbewoundup,withouttheconsent ofthree-quartersoftheshareholder's,or ofajudgeoftheSupremeCourt.

AParadoxofOrganisation. Theparadoxofthesmallestofthe threegeneralfarmers'organisationsof

theUnitedStatesisthatithasalways beencountedasthemostradicaland astheorganofthe"little"farmers; yetithasbecomebigbusiness,whose membersandaffiliatesshareincooperativeenterprisesworth100mililon dollars,witha400milliondollars'businessyearly.

ThisistheFarmers'Educationaland Co-operativeUnionofAmerica-the Farmer's'Unionforshort.

UnionCoOpsBuyandSell.

Onthegeneralbusinessfront,the o1,500co-operativesOwnedbyFarmers' Unionmembersandaffiliatesbuyand sellalmosteverythingproducedor neededonthefarmorintheborne. Theybuyinsuranceandhospitalcare andelectriccurrentandseedandtools andlumberfortheirmembers.They sellvirtuallyeveryfarmproduct,there isevenaco-operativeintheSouth thatsellslilybulbs.TheexpresSecl goaloftheUnionisthat,togetherwith allothergenuineco-operatives,they maysomedayhandle10percent.of America'sretailtradeco-operatively, asayardstickandcheckontheprofitsofprivatebusiness.Iftheyreach thisgoal,whoistoinsurethatthey will'stopthere?

OneVotetoaMember.

Theautonomousco-operativesare allorganisedontheRochdaleplan, witheachmemberhavingonevotein theaffairsoftheco-operative,regardlessofhowmuchpatronagehegivesit, withsalesattheretailpricelevel,and profitsreturnedondividendsaccordingtopatronage-orploughedintothe business.Oneneednotbeamember oftheFarmers'Uniontobecomea patron-memberofaUnionco-operative:thereareapproximately500,000 individualshareholdersinthecooperativeS,againstaFarmers'Union membershipof126.000"farmfamilies" in28States-againofabout20per cent.inthepastyear.

TheUnion'snationalheadquarters arenowatDenver,whereallnational activitieshaverecentlybeencentredin amodernisticbuildingonan11-acre tractoutsideoftown.

Theorganisationwasfoundedin1902 byaTexaseditorofaweeklypaper, IsaacNewtonGresham,andagroupof farmerswhowereinmiserablecircumstances.Itisinterestingthatofthe country'sthreemajorfarmorganisationstheGrangerosetopowerinthe disturbedconditionsfollowingthe CivilWar,theaUnionwasfoundedafter theSpanish-AmericanWar,theFarm BureauafterWorldWar1.

TheUnionspreadveryfastatfirst andinstitutedmanyco-operatives.But someofthesegotawayfromtheRochdaleplanandfailed;andtheUnion itselfwaslateralmostswallowedup inthefloodofpoliticalfarmorganisations.suchastheNonpartisanLeague andtheFarmersAliance,activeinthe GreatPlainsStatesfollowingWorld War1. Asaresultofsuchexperiences,ithasnowarulethatifaUnion officialwantstorunforoffice,hemust firstresignhisUnionpost.

Buttheorganisationis,andalways hasbeen,-apressure-grouponbehalfof farmers-manyofthe"farmers'Marches"and"farmers'strikes"ofthe 1920'swereeitherledbyUnionmembersorwereauthorisedbyvarious unionlocals,andithasbeenofvery considerablerecentimportanceonthe nationalscene.

To-daythemovingspiritbehindthe GrainTerminalAssociationisMr.W. Thatcher,apublicaccountant,echobecomeinterestedintheUnionwhile auditingtheaffairsoftheAssociatiin's predecessor,theEquityCo-operatve Exchange.HerepresentedtheUnion inWashingtonforsevenyears,andin 1938organitedthe,.Associationwith 30,000dollarsinashinvestedby Unionmembers,and300,000dollars borrowedmoney.Heisoneofthe twostrongfiguresintheUnion.