The Record Newspaper 09 February 1944

Ex

Catholic

AsFarasGod'sLawisConcerned,There NoRighttoAcceptAnyReligion

*WhyCatholicsCannotAgreeThat ReligiousFormsMakeNoDifference

Doctrinal"intolerance"isPerfectlyLogical

ByFRANCISJ.CONNELL,C.SS.R.,S.T.D.

TheteachingsoftheCatholicChurch onfreedomofworshipshouldbemade knowntoallChristians.Forfreedom ofworshipisoneofthe"fourfreedoms,"forwhosepreservationorestablishmentthroughouttheworldwe aresupposedtobewagingthepresent war.Now,sinceCatholicsconstitute closetoone-sixthofthepopulationof ourcountry,andhavecontributeda considerablylargerquotatothearmed forces,theirattitudetowardreligious freedomshouldbeexplainedtothe peopleofthisnation,andshouldbe takenintoconsiderationinthepostwarplanning.Anyintelligentand honestpersontowhomthisattitudeis explainedclearlyandthoroughlymust admitthatitistheonlyconsistent standthatCatholicscantakeinview oftheirunchangeablereligioustenets.

ItisafundamentalCatholicdoctrine thatJesusChrist,thetrueSonofGod, inthecourseofHisearthlylifeestablishedareligioussociety,whichHe calledHisChurch.Hepromisedthat thisChurchwouldendure,substantiallyasHefoundedit,untiltheendof time;Hecommandedthatallmen shouldjointhisChurchasanecessary meansofsavingtheirsouls.Healso promisedthat,byaspecialdivineassistance,HisChurchwouldbepreservedfromerrorinitsofficialteachingofreligiousdoctrine.

Now,Catholicsbelievethattheir ChurchistheChurchwhichChristestablished.Theybelievethatfor morethannineteencenturiestheCatholicChurchhasremainedsubstantiallyunchangedasChristestablished it,andthatithascontinuedtoproposeandtointerpretHisteachings withoutadmixtureoferror.TheybelievethattheCatholicChurchisthe onlyorganisationauthorisedbyGod toteachreligioustruthandtoconductpublicreligiousworship.Consequently,theyholdthatanycreed whichdiffersfromthatoftheCatholic Churchiserroneous,andthatanyreligiousorganisationwhichisseparated

from.theCatholicChurchlackstheapprovalandtheauthorisationofGod. Theveryexistenceof'anyotherchurch isopposedtothecommandofChrist thatallmenshouldjoinHisone Church.

The"Right'toDoAsOnePleases.

Fromthisitfollowsthat,asfaras God'slawisconcerned,noonehasa realrighttoacceptanyreligionsave theCatholicreligion,ortobeamemberofanychurchsavetheCatholic Church,ortopractiseanyformofdivineworshipsavethatcommandedor sanctionedbytheCatholicChurch.At firstsight,thisclaimmayseemarrogant.Itcertainlypresentsastriking contrasttothestatementwehearso frequentlyto-day,thateveryonehasa perfect,inalienablerighttopractise anyformofreligionhewishes.Buta littlethoughtwillshowthattheCatholicpositionisperfectlyreasonable. Anypersonwhobelievesinapersonal Godtowhomallcreaturesaresubject mustadmitthatHeisentitledtocommandallmentoacceptandtopractiseoneparticularformofreligion. Now,CatholicsholdthatGodhasactuallydonethis-thatHehasimposedon allmentheobligationtoacceptand topractiseCatholicity,thereligion foundedbythedivineRedeemerof theworld.Logicallythen,Catholics holdthatnoonehasagenuineright, asfarasGod'slawisconcerned,to professanyreligionexcepttheCatholicreligion.Certainly,nocreature hasagenuinerighttodisobeythecommandofGod.

ThisexplainswhyCatholicscannot inconsciencetakeanactivepartin non-Catholicreligiousservices.For ifGodhasauthorisedonlyoneChurch togiveHimpublicworship,itisasin toparticipateinthereligiousritesof anyotherdenomination.Again,this explairis(whyCatholicscannotagree withtheassertionthatitmakeslittle ornodifferencewhatparticularform ofreligionapersonprofesses.Ifthe SonofGodhasestablishedoneform

ofreligionandhastoldallmenthat theymustacceptthisreligioninorder tobesaved,itcertainlymakesagreat differencewhetherornotapertonacceptsit.

OneofthereasonswhytheauthoritiesoftheCatholicChurchareoften aversetomeetingsofCatholicswith non-Catholicsonapurelyreligious basis-inter-faithorinterdenominationalorintercredal.meetings,asthey arecalled-isthatsuchmeetingsare liabletocreateattimestheimpressionthatdenominationaldistinctions areunimportant,andthatforallpracticalpurposes,allcreedsareequally good.Indeed,itsometimeshappens thatstatementstothiseffectaremade atsuchgatheringsbynon-Catholic speakers-not,indeed,inaspiritof hostilitytoCatholicprinciples,butbecausetheyaresincerelyconvincedthat thisisthebestwaytopromotefriendshipandgoodwill.Whenthesethings happen,theCatholicparticipantsare facedwiththeunpleasantdilemmaof eithervoicingapublicprotest,orof seemingtoapprovebytheirsilence.

Such,then,isthefirstCatholicprinciplerelevanttoreligiouslibertythatmanhasnotanunqualifiedright topractiseanyreligionhemaychoose. Itwasinaccordwiththisprinciple thatPopePiusIX,inhisSyllabusof 1864,condemnedtheproposition: 'Everymanisfreetoembraceandto professthatreligionwhich,guidedby thelightofreason,hejudgestrue.' (Denzinger,"Enchridion,"n.1715.)

AcommonobjectiontotheCatholic principlejustenunciatedcentresabout whatiscaled"therightofconscience." Everyonehastheright,wearetold, todowhathisownconsciencedictates astheproperthingtodo;hence,apersonwhohonestlybelievesacertainreligiontobetruehasaperfectrightto professandtopractiseit,whateverreligionitmaybe.

Thisobjectionisbasedonamisinterpretationofthe"rightofconscience."

Itistrue,onewhomakesasincereand sufficientinvestigationtodiscoverwhat isright,andisthenconvincedthathe mayadoptacertainmodeofaction,is allowedtoactaccordinglyasfarashis subjectivedispositionsareconcerned. Eveninthesuppoisitionthat,through nofaultonhispart,hehasmadea mistakeandconsideredsomeactionto begoodwhichactuallyisevil,heisnot guiltyofanysininthesightofGod. Suchapersonissaidtobeactingwith aninvinciblyerroneousconscience.At

thesametime,hehasnorealrightto performanactionwhichisinfactsinful,howeversincerehemaybeinjudgingitlawful.Foragenuinerightis somethingobjective,basedonfactsas theyactuallyexist.Consequently,those whoknowthatapersonismistaken inbelievinghehasarighttodosomethingarenotnecessarilytreatinghim unjustlyiftheyrefusetoacknowledge hisclaim.Themerefactthataman honestlybelievesIowehimahundred dollarsgiveshimnorealrighttoobtainthatamountfromme,whenI knowheismistaken.

Hence,themerefactthataperson sincerelybelievesacertainreligionto betruegiveshimnogenuinerightto acceptthatreligioninoppositionto God'scommandthatallmustembrace theonetruereligion.Neitherdoes itnecessarilyobligeotherstoallow himtheunrestrictedpracticeofhisreligiousbeliefs.Ifasincerebelieverin faith-healingrefusestosummonadoetorwhenheissufferingfromaserious contagiousdisease,itisquitejustifiable toforcehimtoacceptmedicaltreatment,because-howeverfirmmaybe hisfaith-hehasnorighttoinjure himselfandotherswithhismistaken notions.

TheCatholicattitudetowardnonCatholicreligiousbeliefsisknowntechnicallyasdoctrinalintolcorance.To modernearsthisexpressionmayhave adisagreeablesound,butwhenunderstoodcorrectlyitsignifiesnothingelse thanthelogicalattitudeofmindthat anyintelligentpersontakestoward viewsheknowstobeerroneous.The statesmanwhoisfirmlyconvincedthat acertainpolicyisbestadaptedtothe needsofhiscountryisintoleranttowardotherpolicies.Theskilledsurgeonwhoiscertainthathismethodof performingadelicateoperationhas thebestchanceofsuccessisintolerant towardothermethods.Similarly,the Catholic,convincedasheisthatthe Catholicreligionistheonlytruereligion,isintoleranttowardother.creeds. Noreasonablepersoncanobjectto suchanattitude,foriftheCatholic religionistrue,allothersmustbefalse.

PrincipleofPersonalTolerance.

Itishardtoseehowsomecanregardintellectualintoleranceasquite sensibleinsuchmattersaspoliticsand medicine,andyetcondemndoctrinal intoleranceinthefarmoreimportant sphereofreligiousbelief.Aboveall. itisdeplorabletomeetaCatholicwho

(ContinuedonPage6.)

*TheCatholicAnswer

"Isvestia's"

RidiculousAllegationsRegardingVaticanWarPolicy

WhatInformedNon-CatholicssayofthePapalattitudetoFascism When.theAxisFailedtoForceaProclamationofaHolyWar

WhyRussianPressshouldnottalktoo loudlyof"Servility"and"DirectSupport"

FollowingcloseuntheRussiannewspaper,"Pravda's.'curiousandunfundedreportofameetingbetween GermanandBritishrepresentativesin thePyreneestodiscussaseparate peace.comestheattackbyanother famousMoscownewspaper,''Isvestia," onthewarpolicyoftheVatican.The quotationfront"Isvestia"wasbroadcastbyMoscowradioandpublishedin ourdailypress,anditopenlyaccused theVaticanofservilitytowardsboth ItalyandGermany,ofhavingadopted anattitudeofdirectsupportofFascism,ofhavingapprovedofmanyFascistactsofaggression,andofhaving recentlychangeditspolicytopreach impartiallovetoallpeople.

Thereportcausedsomethingofa mildsensationduringtheweek,butas Dr.Ryan,ofSydney,commented: "Isvestia's"attackontheVaticanhas aboutasmuchsincerityandgood faithas'Pravda's'recentsuggestion Britishrepresentativeshaddiscusseda separatepeacewithGermany.ProfessorTimasheffinhisrecentbook, "ReligionandSovietRussia,"predictedthattheCommunistParty,having failedtostampoutreligion,would revivetheOrthodoxChurchasaState-

controlledinstitutionandconcentraate itshostilityinaworld-widecampaign againsttheCatholicChurch,Bothpredictionshavebeenfulfilled.TheOrthodoxChurchhasbeensufferedtoreturn,andthesectariancampaignagainsttheCatholicChurchisbeingwaged whereveraCommunistunitisestablished.Oneofthemainreasonswhy thePopehascondemnedCommunism, saidDr.Ryan,isthatitleadstoFascismasitdidinItalyendGermany. Bothregimenswerecarredtopower asthealternativetoaCommunistrevolution.

Butjustwhatpartthislatestmove isexpectedtoplayinRussiandiplomaticactivityisdifficulttofathom unlessitbetodiscredittheonlyremainingmajorprotesttothedismembermentofPoland.Theliesof"Isvestia"makenoattempttosublety; nopretencetoevidence-theyarethe usualexamplesofbrazenandreckless mendacity.

TheVaticanisaccusedofservility towardsFascism.Well,Iguessmost listenershaveheardofthefamousscientistEinstein,whodescribedhowhe wasdrivenoutofGermanyinthese words:"OnlytheCatholicChurchpro-

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testedagainsttheHitlerianonslaught onliberty.UptillthenIhadnot beeninterestedintheChurch,buttodayIadmiretheChurchwhichalone hasthecouragetostruggleforspiritual truthandmoralliberty."AndEinstein,bytheway,isnotaCatholicbut aJew.

Earlyin1942theVaticanbroadcast' toSpainanattackontheNaziattitude towardsChristianity.AtoncetheItalianFascistleader,Farinacci,attacked theVaticaninhispaper,"Regime Fascista."saying:"TheHolySeeis alwayspleasedtofindanythingitcan inanywaymakeuseoftoattackNationaf-Socialism."AndGermanycommentedinapropagandabroadcastto Spainonthequestion:"TheoldtacticsoftheVaticancometolightagain, andittakeseveryopportunitytoattackNational-Socialism.ThehostilityoftheVaticanagainsttheThird ReichisonlyduetothedefensiveattitudeoftheNaziRegithe."

Then,believeitornot,Moscow radiocameinandsaidthatitdeduced fromtheVaticanattackonNazism "thenecessityoffcirtmingaunited frontoftheAnglo-Saxondemocracies, theSovietUnionandtheCatholics throughouttheworld."Thatwasonly Moscow'sdeduction,butitdoesn't seemtohavebeenpromptedbyaproFascistservilityonthepartoftheCatholicChurch.

Atthesametime,twoyearsago, whentheVaticanwassupposedtobe pro-Fascistaccordingto"Isvestia,"CamilleCinafarra,foreigncorrespondent ofthe"NewYorkTimes,"arrived backinAmericafromItalyandgave itashisopinionthat,"repeatedattemptstowinthePope'ssympathyfor theAxishavebeenunsuccessful-FascistpressureonthePapacyhasfailed. NumbersofItalianpriestswhoinsisteduponpreachingpeaceinsteadof hatredofdemocracyhavebeengaoled. OfficialandunofficialVaticansources donothesitatetodeclarethat,inthe Vatican'sopinion,onlyaDemocratic victorycouldavoidaneraofpersecutionoftheChurch."Doesthatsound likeVaticansympathyforFascism?

Justafterthisreportinthe"New YorkTime+s"theBritishMinisterfor InformationdeclaredinParliament thathehadevidencethatpriestswere stillbeingpersecutedinGermany,and askedthatstepshetakentobringthis tothenoticeoftheCatholicHierarchy throughouttheworld.Soatthat timetheCatholicclergyinbothItaly andGermanywerebeinggaokdand persecutedbecausetheywouldhotcooperatewiththeAxisregimes.Yet, accordingto"Isvestia,'atthatvery timetheCatholicChurchwasplaying aningloriouspartinthestrugglefor freedombysupportingFascism.

Nowalsoatthistimewhenthe Vaticanischargedwithbeingpro-Fascistby"Isvestia,"EleanorPackard,a non-Catholic,andsecondincommand oftheRomeBureauoftheUnited Press,paidthefollOwingtributetothe PopeintheJanuaryissueofthe"AmericanMagazine."Shebasesherstatementsonnearlythreeyearsexperience inRomefromtwoweeksbeforethe deathofPiusXI.tofivemonthsafter ItalydeclaredwarontheUnited

States.Shesays,interalia:"Non-CatholicAmericansandBritonswho thoughtlesslycriticisetheVaticanfor nottakingapoliticalstandinthewar shouldheartheNazisandFascistsasIhavefrequentlyheardthembitterlycomplainingaboutthePope's unto-operativenesswiththem.From thedayofhiselectionuntilthedayalmostsixmonthslaterwhenthewar started,thePopestrovedesperatelyto averttheconflictwhichhecouldsee wasinthemaking(andbytheAxis,incidentally,whosepolicyhewassupposedtobesupporting).Inall,he madesevenpublicappealsforthepreservationofpeace. Itwasagreat blowtothePopewhenwarbrokeout despiteallhisefforts.However,he immediatelyconcentratedontwoobjectives:onkeepingtheconductofthe warashumanitarian possible,and onpreventingitsspreadbeyondGermany,England,FranceandPoland, whichwereimmediatelyinvolved. ThePopehasnothingagainsteither theGermanortheRussianpeople,but ,ppo,,edtheNaziandSovietgovernmentalsystemsbecausetheycircumscribethereligiouslibertyoftheircitizens.Itisafinenuance,butone whichmustbeunderstoodtocomprehendthePope'spositioninthiswar, Nazineo-paganismandCommunistic atheismarebothanathematothe HolySee."Now,listentothis!"Probablythemostcourageousstandthe Popemadeagainstthecombinedand unrelentingpressureofRomeandBerlin,"shesays,"waswhenherefused theAxis'requestthathelabeltheir warontheSovietsa'holycrusade againstatheism."TheNazi-Fascist requestwasmadeinconnectionwitha world-wideradiobroadcastscheluded forJuly29,1941,onwhichthePope wastospeak.MussoliniandHitler weremostanxiousthatthePopemight makesomestatementwhichmightbe construedasfavourabletotheGerman invasionofRussia.Itwasallthe moredifficultforthePopetorefusebecause,fromtheVaticanviewpoint,a condemnationofRustiacouldhave beenbasedonpurelyreligiousgrounds. YetPiusXII,didrefuse.Heconfinedhisbroadcasttospeakingonthe 'waysofProvidence,'therebymaking itplainbothtotheAxisandtherest oftheworldthathewasnotgoingto beusedtoaidanyone'stemporalambitions.

"Iamprobablyoneofthefey.nonCatholicsintheworld,"shecontinues, "whohavereadthroughallthePope's importantpublicspeechesandwritings-andmanyoftheunimportant ones-andobviouslyamongthosehundredsofthousandsofwordsthereis nosinglequotationIcanpickoutof thetextandsay,'Here,thisshowsthe Popeisonourside.'ItwouldbeutterlycontrarybothtoVaticantraditionandthePope'sannouncedwar policytomakesuchabluntstatement regardingtemporalaffair's.Nevertheless,thereisatoneandatrend throughallthesewritingswhichplainlyshowhispreferencefordemocratic

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CanWeBeSureOurWillsAreFree

PerseveranceinVirtueImpossibleWithouttheGraceofGod

HowtheMass&theSacraments SupplyfortheWeaknessof HumanNature

*ForcingPeopletoBecomeCatholics

idealsandhiswishthattheyshould prevail.Ontheotherhand,hefrequentlycondemnstotalitarianism,not onlyforitsinterferencewithreligious freedom,butforitscompletesubordinationoftheindividualandhisfamilytotheState."

AndthatstatementofEleanorPackard'shardlyinfersthattheVatican haseveratanytime"adoptedanattitudeofdirectsupportofFascism." Nordoesitsuggestthattherehasever beenachangeofpolicyonthepartof theVatican.Quitethecontrary,and EleanorPackard'sstatementsare basedonuniversallyadmittedfacts, notonoutrageousandunblushinglies asarethechargesinMoscow's"Isvestia."

OfallnationsRussiashouldbethe lasttocomplainofservilitytotheAxis andof"directsupport,"forthatwas theSoviet'sownhistoryuntiltheAxis turnedonher.NorshouldthepropagandaorgansoftheKremlintalk toomuchortooloudlyaboutachange ofcoursewhiletheirownacrobaticsare stillpainfullyfreshinthememory.

"Isvestia"complainsthat"theVatican maintainedsilencewhenItalyattackedFranceinJune,1940."Thatcertainlyreadsstrangelywithoutquoting whatwassaidwhenRussiaattacked Finland,orwhenGermanyattacked Russia.

AsIsaidinthebeginning,God knowswhathaspromptedthislatest moveoftheKremlin'sinattackingthe Vaticanonsuchridiculouscharges. ButwhatIhavequotedforyoufrom reliablenon-Catholicsourcesmight

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clarifytheattitudeoftheVaticanto thewarinthemindsofmanyofmy listeners,andIwouldliketoclose thisrefutationoftheRussianlibelof theVaticanbyquotingforyoufrom aleadingarticlewhichappearedinthe London"Times"onOctober1,1942. CommentingonthevisitofPresident Roosevelt'senvoy,Mr.MyronTaylor, totheVatican,andtherumoursthen current,the"Times"said:"Tobedisappointedbytheabsenceofaformal benedictionofthecauseoftheUnited Nationswouldbetoignorethedual characteroftheChurchofRomeasa spiritualbodyandasapoliticalcorporation.BecausetheChurchrefrainsfrommakingapronouncement whichwouldnecessarilyengageher politicalformaswellasherspiritual essence,itdoesnotfollowthatthe occupantofthethroneofPeter,or hishighcounsellors,aredeaftothe appealofChristiansandofotherswho unitewiththemincondemnationof armedwickedness. Astudyofthe wordswhichPopePiusXII.hasaddressedsincehisaccessioninencyclicalsandallocutionstotheCatholics ofvariousnationsleavesnoroomfor doubt.Hecondemnstheworshipof forceanditsconcretemanifestationin thesuppressionofnationalliberties andinthepersecutionoftheJewish race.Thedailynewspaperwhichrepresentssemi-officialopinionatthe Vatican,avoidstheacutecontroversies ofthewar.Butitsunprejudicedas, countofthehandlingofsocialproblemsinBritain,itsgenerousandhonourablecitationof--forbidden"Italian authorsanditsmaintenanceofthe standardsofItalianhumanismagainst thoseofneo-paganism;itsplainwarningsastothesignificanceofNaziraceworship-allthesetendtoshowwhere sympathyliesattheheartoftheRomanCatholicChurch.Themillions ofbelievers,layandclerical,whomaintainastoutfrontagainsttheopprf.;sionsofNazismandofFascismin theirownandinothercountriesthemselvestestifythatthesympathies foundattheheartofthevastsystem permeatethewhole."

WereitnotforthewidespreadmisunderstandingoftheChurch'sattitude tothepresentwar,onewouldhavelet theirresponsibleoutburstofMoscow's "Isvestia"passwithoutrefutationas beingtoogrotesquelyuntruetoneed it.However,thetruefactsoftheselast eventfulyearsarethemselvesanunanswerableexposureofthehadfaith ofRussia's"Isvestia"andofMoscow radio.

FrancisJ.Haugey,Perth:

Q.:AllreligiouspeoplesaythatOur LordisajustandmercifulGod. TheyalsosaythatHeleftustoour ownfreewill(whichIcan'tsubscribeto).

.ThewholephilosophyofChristianity pivotsonthefactofman'sfreewill. Wereitnotforthattherewouldhave beennoRedemption,therewouldbe noheavenorhellforus,therewould benosuchthingassin,becausethere wouldbenorightorwrongifwewere determinedbyGodineveryaction thatwedo.Butwearenot.We arequitefree.AsIsaidamoment ago,thesanctionsandpunishmentsenforcingalllegislation,spiritual,civil orevenmilitary,wouldbeoutrageous ifmenwerenotresponsiblefortheir conduct.

Again,consciousnessaffordssufficientproofforeverynormalman.We arenotonlyconsciousbeforeacting thattherearevariouscoursesopento Li,.butweareconsciousthatwemay ceaseanycourseofactionalreadybegun,andafteractingweareconscious ofsatisfactionorself-reproach,realisingthatwewerenotcompelledto actthatday.

Finally,youcan'tpossessreasonor intelligencewithoutfreedomofwillat thesametime.Ifyougrantthat manhasareasoningfacultywhichcan measurethingsunderdifferentaspects, freewillfollows,necessarily.Forexample,ourreasoncanconsiderthe questionofabscondingwithsomeone else'smoneyasbeingagoodideain thatwewillpossessalittlemorecash, oritcanregarditasatheftandthereforeaverybadthingforus.Yousee, theobjectunderconsiderationitself allowsamantoconcentrateoneither oneaspectortheother,andheis facedwithachoice,whichitlogically followshemustbecapableofmaking -andthatisnothingelsethanthe usingofhisfreewill.

J.:ThefactisthatGodmadethemajorityofusweak,someweakerthan others,andcommandedustobe strongandtoresistalltemptations. DoesnotthisimplythatGodsetus abigtaskconsideringourweakness?

A.:Itdoes,unlessyouremember thewordsofChristthatIquotedlast week:"Withmenthisisimpossible: butwithGodallthingsarepossible." (Matt.,XIX,26.)Itistruethatas c,,mequcnceofOriginalSinhuman natureinallofushasbeenleftmuch, muchweakerthanGodoriginallyintended.Andmorethanthat,the Churchteachesitisnotonlydifficult butimpossibleforustokeepGod's commandmentswithoutthehelpof divinegrace.Andthatisjustthe pointintheSacrificeoftheMassand inthesevenSacraments--theyare thechiefmeanswherebythisdivine graceisgiventousandthroughthem weacquiresufficientmoralandspiritualstrengthtoresistthetemptations thatcomeourway.WhenChristsaid, "Withmenthisisimpossible,butwith Godallthingsarepossible,"Hesimplymeantthatonourown,without divinegrace,wearejustnotcapable ofresistingforanylengthoftimethe temptationsthatplaguethelivesof allofus.HeHimselfhadcomeon earthtoinstitutetheMassandthe sevenSacramentsasritesorceremonieswhichwouldserveaschannelsof God'sstrengtheninggracetomenandthatiswhytheMassandtheSacramentsaresoall-importanttoaCa-

A,:Asyousay,Godismostcertainly justandmerciful,andincreatingus Hegaveusfreewill.Thatissomethingyoucan'tdeny,unlessyou wouldcompletelyoverthrowourwhole notionofmorality,privateandpublic, civilandnational.Ifyoucannot subscribetofreewill,thenyoumust abolishcriminallawwithallthesalutarysanctionsitimposesforbreaches ofthelawsofthecountry.Youhave norighttopunishamanwhohasno ffeewill.Heonlydeservespunishmentwhenhefreelydoeswrong.If hehadnochoiceinthematterit wouldbeunjusttopunishhim.That manhasfreewillisadmitteduniversallyineverycountryandineveryage.

tholic.WithoutthegracethatwereceivefromGodthroughtheMassand theSacramentsweknowthatwesimplycannotpersevereforlonginobeyingGod'scommandments.

Q.:Inotherwords,couldGodnot haveputmoregoodnessintoall men'sheart§sothattheywouldra sistalltemptations,hatredand greed,andsoon?

A.:God'sgraceisthereforallof us;ChristwonsufficientontheCross tomakeasaintofeveryoneofus,if wewillonlyco-operatewithHimand usethemeansthatHehasleftuswith whichtoincreaseHisgracewithinus.

ThatisthepointinlivingfullytheCatholicwayoflife;itcertainlybrings theindividualtotheMassandtheSacramentswhich,asIsaid,Christinstitutedasthechiefmeansofinstilling moreandyetmoregoodnessintomen's heartsinproportiontothegracethat theyreceivefromtheSacramentsand throughthem

"Nor'WestJane,"Jimblebar:

Q.:Asaneducatedmandoyounot thinkitisarroganttoMAKEany manorwomanbecomeaCatholicon themarriageceremony?

A.:Youinfer,ofcourse,thatthe CatholicChurchactuallyforcespeopletobecomeconvertsbeforeallowing themtomarryCatholics.Well,there arehundredsofmarriedcoupleshere inPerthalonewhowouldrefutethat statementforyou.TheChurchforces noonetoembracethedoctrinesof Christ.Heneverdidso,neitherdoes HisChurch.Ifwhatyouallegewere true-anditisn't-thenitmostcertainlywouldbearrogant.

Q.:BecausenowhereintheBibledoes GodMAKEanymandothisorthat.

A.:Thatisquitetrue.Godrespectsman'sfreewill,aboutwhichI wasspeakingamomentago.God cancommandus,butwestillremain freetodisobeyifwewishto.

Q.:TheCommandmentssaythatthe seventhdayistheSabbath.

A.:SinceGodhasnotrevealedanythingonthematter,whoistosay whichisthefirstdayoftheweekand whichistheseventh?TheJewsof old?We'renotboundtofollowtheir computations.Thechiefpointis *hatoutofeverysevendaysoneat leastistobededicatedtoGod.

Q.:WhydidyouinstituteSunday?

A.:Ididn't,butthereasonwhythe Churchdidhasalreadybeenexplained.TheApostlesmadethechange forseveralreasons:First,inorderto honourtheResurrectionofChristfrom thedeadonSundaymorning.St. Paulshowsthatthisisthebedrock foundationofourfaithwhenhesays: "IfChristbenotrisen,thenisour faithinvain";secondly,thechange wascalculatedtoimpressuponour mindsthetransitionfromtheOldLaw announcedbyMosestotheNewLaw announcedbyChristHimself;finally, Saturdayhadaspecialsignificanceas beingdedicatedtothecompletionof God'screativework.ButGod'sredemptiveworkisgreaterthanHiscreativework,andsoasamarkofhonourthefirstdayoftheweekwasdedicatedtotheredemptiveworkof God.

ChristianBrothers'College,St.George'sTerrace,Perth

LEAVING.

ANDERSON,F.:Fivesubjects.

BAYLEY,K.:Poursubjects. BUBB,C.:Fivesubjects,onedistinction.

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HUNTLEY,P.:Threesubjects.

SULLIVAN,J.:Sevensubjects.

McCANN,J.:Threesubjects.

FLOOD,W.:Sixsubjects,one"distinction.

JOHNSON,B.:Sixsubjects.

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B.HUGHES:Religion,English, Maths.B.

C.HAMMERSLEY:AppliedMaths., DrawingB.

B.JONES:Religion,English,Maths. A,Maths.B,Physics,AppliedMaths. (d),DrawingB(d)

P.LYNCH:Religion,English,Maths. A,Maths.B,AppliedMaths.,Drawing B.

G.McADAM:Religion,JuniorEnglish.

W.McCARTHYReligion,English, Latin,Maths.B.

D.NELSON:Religion(d),English, Maths.B,Physics.

K.O'CONNOR:Religion,English, Maths.B,AppliedMaths.

J.PASCO:Religion,English,Maths 11,Geography,Physics,DrawingB.

M.PEMBERReligion,English,

Maths.A,Maths.B,Physics,Applied Maths.,JuniorChemistry,Physiology andHygiene.

V.PERVAN:English,Maths.B,Geography,DrawingB.

R.SCOTT:English,Geography,AppliedMaths.,DrawingB.

W.SHARPE:Religion,English, Maths.A,Maths.B,Geography,Physics,AppliedMaths.,DrawingB(d).

K.TONDUT:Religion(dl,English, Maths.A(d),Maths.Bld),Geography, Physics(dl,AppliedMaths.(d),DrawingB(d).

P.TURNER:English,Latin,Maths. A(d),Maths.B(d),Physics(d), Chemistry,AppliedMaths.(d). JUNIOR.

ANDERSON,K.:Fivesubjects.

CARR,S.W.:Eightsubjects.

CROWDER,B.S.:Threesubjects.

DARCEY,B.F.:Foursubjects. DeCOURTENAY,K.R.:Ninesubjects.

FOLEY,M.H.:Fivesubjects. FRUET,P.F.:Sixsubjects. GREY,A.W.:Threesubjects. GREY,K.S.:Threesubjects. HALES,L.E.:Sevensubjects. HICKEY,P.C.:Fivesubjects. HOLYOAKE,G.J.:Sixsubjects, KELLY,J.D.:Threesubjects, KILMARTIN,C.J.:Eightsubjects.

LALLEY,J.N.:Eightsubjects.

LEAHY,G.D.:Sevensubjects.

LEWIS,F.G.:Sixsubjects. LYNCH,K.P.:Sevensubjects.

McGEE,L.A.Eightsubjects.

MURPHY,P.G.:Foursubjects. O'SULLIVAN,F.J.:Fivesubjects. PEEL,J.N.:Sevensubjects. RAKICH,J.S.:Sevensubjects.

THORNTON,D.L.:Sevensubjects.

VALENTINE,J.R.:Fivesubjects.

WHITELY,A.L.:Eightsubjects.

B.COHNEY:Threesubjects(completed).

G.McADAM:Onesubject(completed).

P.FOSTER:Twosubjects(completed).

F.CONNELL:Onesubject pleted).

R.HARRIS:Onesubject(completed).

F.ARNDT:Twosubjects(addedto certificate).

M.PEMBER:Twosubjects(added tocertificate).

SURJUNIOR.

BRENNANJ.:ReligionEnglish,History,Latin(d),Arithmetic,Algebra, Physics,Chemistry.

COURTNEY,B.:English,History, Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry,Physics(d),Chemistry(d).

CAVANAGH,J.:Religion,English, Arithmetic,Algebra(d),Physics(d), Chemistry.Drawing.

CASWELL,B.:English,Geometry, Physics,Chemistry,Drawing.

CLANCY,B.:English,History,Geometry,Drawing.

DEVINE,D.:Religion,English, Latin,Geometry,Physics,Drawing.

FOLEY,W.:Religion,English,Arithmetic,Algebra(d),Geometry(A),Physics,Chemistry(d),Drawing.

FLOOD,R.:Religion,English,Latin, Algebra,Physics,Chemistry,Drawing.

FORDHAM,L.:English,Geometry.

FLETCHER,J.:English,History, Arithmetic,Algebra(d),Geometry, Physics,Chemistry.

GRAY,F.:Religion,English,History,Arithmetic,Geometry,Physics.

GREPP,F.:Religion,English,History,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry, Physics,Chemistry,Drawing.

GEORGE,D.:Religion,English,History(d).Latin(d),Arithmetic(d),Algebra(dl,Geometry,Physics,Chemistry(d),Drawing.

HUGHES,D.:English,Arithmetic (d),Algebra,Geometry,Physics,Drawing.

KENNERLY,K.:Religion,English,History,Arithmetic,Algebra(d),Geometry,Physics,Chemistry,Drawing(d).

LEUNIG,D.:Religion,English,History,Latin(d),Arithmetic(d),Alge-bra(d),Geometry,Chemistry,Physics, Drawing.

LEKIAS,J.:English,Chemistry.

MARRON,R.:English.

McCARTHY,M.:Religion,English, Algebra(dl, Chemistry,Geometry,Physics(dl, Drawing(d).

McADAM,R.:Religion,History,Eng- lish, Geometry,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra(d), Physics,Chemistry.

History,McGRATH,L.:Religion,English, Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra, Geometry,Physics,Chemistry.

NELLIGAN,W.:Religion,English, History,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry,Chemistry,Drawing.

O'MAHONEY,R.:English,History, Latin(d),Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry,Physics,Chemistry,Drawing.

OBERG,K.:Religion,English,History,Geometry,Physics.

ORR,K.:English,Arithmetic,Geometry,Chemistry,Physics(d).

OLDFIELD,W.:Religion,English,History,Latin,Arithmetic(1st.100), Algebra,Geometry,Physics(d),Chemistry,Drawing(d).

PEMBER,V.:English,History,PhyBice.

QUEALY,P.:English,History,Religion,Algebra,Geometry,Physics, Chemistry,Drawing.

RALPH,C.:English,History,Arith-metic,Algebra,Geometry,Chemistry.

SWEENEY,R.:English,History, Arithmetic,Algebra(d),Geometry,Physics,Chemistry,Drawing.

TAYLOR,K.:Religion,Arithmetic, Algebra,Geometry,Physics,Chemistry(dl,Drawing.

WILLIAMSON,C.:Religion,Eng- lish,History,Arithmetic,Algebra(d), Geometry,Physics(d),Chemistry, Drawing(d).

WEST,J.:English,History,Alge-bra,Physics,Chemistry,Drawing.

WELLS,K.:English,Algebra(d).

WHITELY,P.:English.

ZEMPILAS,_A.:English,History, Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry,Physics,Chemistry,Drawing.

WILLIAMS,V.:Religion,English,History,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry,Physics(d),Chemistry(d), Drawing.

CHRISTIANBROTHERS'COLLEGE, ST.GEORGE'STERRACE.

FIRSTYEAR.

ALLEN,Peter:Religion(d),English,Latin,Algebra,Geography,Phy- sics,Bookkeeping.

ANASTAS,George:English(d),Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra(d),,Geo- graphy(d),Geometry,Chemistry(d), Physics(d),DrawingB.

ANTHONY,Brian:Religion,Eng- lish,Latin,Algebra,Chemistry,Phy- sics,Bookkeeping.

BECKETT,Terrence:English,Algebra,Geography,Geometry,Chemistry, PhyicsId1,DrawingB.

BRADY,Peter:Religion,English (d),Latin,Algebra(d),Geography, Geometry,Chemistry(d),Physicsd DrawingB.

BROWN,Peter:Religion,English, Algebra,Geography,Geometry,Chemistry,Physics.

BULFORD,Gerald:English,Latin, Algebra.Geography,Geometry,Chemistry(d),Physics(d),Bookkeeping, DrawingB.

1st.

1st.PLACEINAUSTRALASIA(tie)-Auditing. 2nd.PLACEINAUSTRALASIA(tie)-Bookkeeping. STATEHONOURShavealreadybeenannounced. IfyouareinterestedinAccountancystudythroughtheC.C.C.,wehave PERSONALATTENDANCEandOORRESPONDENCE,70URSES, whichareinterchangeable. Getourfreebooklet,"InvestinginYourself."CityCommercialCollege

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HARVEY,P.:Religion,English, Geometry,Physics,Chemistry,Drawing.

HAMMERSLEY,T.:English,Geometry,Phy1sics,Chemistry,Drawing.

HIGGS,C.:English,History(d), Latin(d),Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry(dl,Physics(d),Chemistry (dl,Drawing(d).

HUTCHESON,A.:Religion,English, History,Arithmetic(d),Algebra,Physics(d),Chemistry(d),Drawing(d).

HUNT,J.:Religion,English,History, Latin(dl,Arithmetic,Algebra(d), Geometry,Physics(d),Chemistry(d), Drawing(dl.

HOWARD,L.:Religion,English, History,Arithmetic,Algebra(100,d), Geometry,Physics,Chemistry(dl.

CATLIN,Victor:Religion(d),English(d),Latin(d),Arithmetic,AlgebraId),Geometry,Chemistry(d),Physics(d),Bookkeeping(d),DrawingB, VocalMusic.

CLIFFORD,Julian:Religion,English,Arithmetic(d),Algebra,Geography,Geometry(dl,Chemistry(d), Physics(d),Bookkeeping,DrawingB.

CROWE,Robert:Religion(d),English,Algebra,Geometry,Chemistry, Physics,VocalMusic.

CULLITY,Michael:Religion,English.Arithmetic;Algebra(d),Geography,Geometry,Chemistry(d),Physics(dl,Bookkeeping,DrawingB. ('URRIE,John:Religion(d),English,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra(d), (Continued'onPage13.)

KNOWYOUR-FAITHSERIES

ThirdCommandmentRequires HearingofWholeMass

NecessaryConditionsandExcusingCauses

UNNECESSARYSERVILEWORKFORBIDDEN: WHATDISPENSESTHEOBLIGATION

"RememberthoukeepholytheSabbathDay."

TheThirdCommandmentcrystallises thedemandforDivineworshipmade bythefirsttwoCommandoents,and fixesonedayinsevenforthespecial worshipofGod.Thisdoesnotimply thatman'sfundamentaldeityofpraising,reverencingandservingGodisto beconfinedtoonedayintheweek, fortruereligionmustpervadeallour activitiesallthetime.Inaddition toworshipontheSabbathweare requiredtorestincommemorationof God'sactionwhentheworkofcreationhadbeencompleted.Andthe dayofworshipandrestspecifiedisthe Sabbath,whichintheOldDispensationwasSaturday,butintheChristianDispensationifasbeenchangedto Sunday,inhonourofthedayupon whichChristrosefromthedead(the basicdoctrineoftheChristianfaith). Itiscertain,moreover,thatSunday wasobservedastheSabbathfrom Apostolictimesandthereforeitisin thetraditionoftheChristianChurch thatwehavedefiniteauthorityforthe change.

ThedutiesimposedbytheThird Commandmentaretwofold:(1)The positiveobligationofofferingMass; (2)thenegativeoneofabstainingfrom needlessservilework.

Regardingtheobligationofoffering Mass,theChurchhaschosentheMass aboveeveryotherpublicreligiousceremonybecauseitistheuniqueactof Divineworship,acontinuationofthe SacrificeofCalvaryandthehighestact ofworshipofwhichmenarecapable. Inordertofulfilthepreceptofoffering Massaccordingtothe-mindofthe Church,thewholeofMassmustbe heard,intheproperplace,whilebodily presentwhereitisbeingcelebrated, withdevoutattention.

Itisofobligationthatthewholeof Massmustheheard,sothatatleasta venialsiniscommittedifonebewilfullyabsentduringanyportionofit. IfamajorpartoftheMasshemissed, thesinwillbegrave.Theologians usuallyteachthatitwouldbemortally sinfultobe.voluntarilyabsentduring theConsecrationandtheCommunion, andthattheobligationofoffering Masswouldnotbefulfilledifathird partoftheMassbemissed.Ifapersonisabsentinvoluntarilyduringa notablepartoftheMass,thereremainstheobligationofmakingupby hearingthatportionofanotherMass. TheConsecrationandtheCommunion, however,mustalwaysbeinthesame Mass.

Tosatisfythisobligationofthe ThirdCommandmentonemustbe physicallypresentwhereMassisbeing celebrated,oratleastsoplacedasto befairlyconsideredpartofthe congregationandassociatedwithitin worship.Onemustbeabletofollow thechiefpartsoftheritebyseeing, hearing,orwatchingtheactionsof others.

Onemustalsohavetheintentionof hearingMass,anditmustbedonewith properattention.SotogotoMass merelyasacompaniontoanother, ortohearthemusic,wouldnotfulfil theobligation.Externalattentionat leastisrequiredtosatisfytheprecept.

allowanceforobstacles-whichwould renderobediencetothemtooheavy aburdenandsometimesanimpossibilitytohumannature.

Causeswhichcommonlyexcusefrom attendanceatMassmaybeofvarious kinds-illness,walkingdistancefrom church,expense,dutyconnectedwith aperson'soccupation(viz.,anurseor doctororaservant),badweather,seriousinconvenienceorloss,spiritual 'ortemporalaffectingone'sselforone's neighbour.Inmanyofthesecases thereareadmitteddifficulties,and wheredoubtexistsaboutthesufficiencyofanexcuse,thecounselofa priestshouldbesought,orthepracticeofwell-instructedandworthy Catholicsmaybefollowed.Onerule mayhelaiddownwhichwillhelpto clearupsomedoubtsofconsciencenooneisobligedtotakemeasuresof anexceptionalkind.

Oneofthecommonestdifficulties inAustraliacentresabOutthepracticeofgoingawayforweek-endsto placeswhereMatscannotbehad.Obviouslyitwouldnotberighttogo awaywiththeexpresspurposeof avoidingMass,buttheologiansteach thatonemaygoawayfornobetter reasonthanmerepleasure,providing thetimeofdeparturedoesnotapproachtoocloselytothetimewhen thelawbeginstohaveforce.Inany event,theseoccasionsshouldnotbe frequent.Itshouldalsobenoted thatstrictadherencetotheletterof thelawrelatingtoexcusesisscarcely themarkofaloyal,high-spiritedCatholic.Andwhileitisnosintotake advantageofthenumerousexcusing causes,itisobviouslymostdesirableto gobeyondtheletterofthelawandto showaspiritofgenerositytowards God.Inaddition,greatspiritualloss arilevilariseoutofthehabitualmissingofMass,eventhoughtheoccasions belawful.

ThenegativepartoftheCommandmentforbidsservileworktobedone onSunday. Servileworkisthe rougherandhardersortofmanuallabourwhichisdonebyservantsand labourers,andwhichusedtobedone byslaves.Forthepracticalapplicationofthislaw,workiscommonlyregardedunderthreeaspects:

1.Servilework,whichmoredirectly catersforthenecessitiesofthebody andinwhichbodilypowersarechiefly exercised.Ploughing,digging,sewingandsimilaroccupationfallunder thishead.

2.Liberalwork,inwhichtheintellectischieflyoccupied,andbywhich itbenefitsandisdeveloped.Thiswork isusuallydonebymastersratherthan servants.Writing,painting,and studyingcomeunderthiscategory.

IvitmaybedoneonSundayifno othertimeisavailableoritiswork ofspecialurgency.Customalsopermitsthesweepingofthehouseand cookingofmeals,etc.,onSundays. Workinthedirectserviceofreligionor necessarycharityisnotforbidden. Dispensationsmaybegivenby.Bishops a-priests.

Astohawmuchservilework,done 'thontgoodorsufficientreason,would ,nstitutegravesintheologiansclaim thatitwouldbenecessarytoworkfor

Thereare,however,certaincauses whichexcuseusfromtheobligationof offeringMass.Inthismatteritis welltonotethedistinctionbetween theobligationderivingfromdivineand ecclesiasticallaw,respectively.The formerconcernsthingswhichareof. theirnaturealwaysobligatory(viz., honesty,tellingthetruth,etc.),and fromwhichnocausecaneverexcuse. Butcommandsinmattersofdiscipline orreligiousobservancedonotbindus ineveryconceivablecircumstancenor inspiteofeverydifficulty.Theyare iveninareasonablewayandmake

3.Mixedworkcomprisesaclassof occupationswhichareneitherexclusivelyliberalnorservile,butwhich sharesinsomedegreethecharacterof both,andisdonealikebymenofall socialstanding's.Hunting,fishing, travelling,etc.,areconsideredinthis class.

Ofthethreetypesofwork,servile workaloneisforbiddenonSundays.To decidewhatisservilework,regard mustbehadnotonlytothetypeof workitself,butalsotothewayin whichitisdone,howitisusuallylookedupon,andothercircumstances. Thus,thescaleoftheavorkin,forexample,sculpture,mightentailsuch bodilyfatiguethatitbecomesservile ratherthanliberal.Similarlyone manmaynotbejustifiedinpersuinga liberaloccupationbecauseitishis workadayavocation,whiletoanother itmaybelawfulbecauseitisahobby.

Onemaybeexcusedfromthisobligationforseveralcauses.Necessity arisingfromstringenteconomicconditions,orthelikelihoodofconsiderable lossorinconveniencemaypermitthe formanceofservilework.S' -

wellovertwohoursatsomething whichisforbidden. Despitetheexistenceofpuritanical viewsontheobservanceoftheSabbath andtheriskofthescandaloftheweak, theChurchconsidersthatrationaland healthyrecreationinvolvesnoviola. tionofGod'slaw,andthatumbrage takenatinnocentandhealthysports mustbelargelypharisaicialandthat theadvantagestobegainedoutweigh thoseofidlenessandthereadinessto imputeevilonthepartofthePuritans.

*HowCharityLinksDoctrinalFixitywith PersonalTolerance

RightsofGovernmentsin CatholicCountries ..

NationalandInternationalBenefits ofCompleteToleration---

(ContinuedfromFrontCover.)

ishesitantaboutexpressingtohisnonCatholicfriendsthetrueCatholicpositiononthissubject-who,perhaps, evencommitshimselftotheassertion thateveryonehasarighttoworship Godasheindividuallyseesfit.How c-)c.FochaCath..icregardhimselfas aloyalfollowerofJesusChrist,who wassointolerantofanyerroropposedtothedivinemessagethatHebore tomankind?

The,eccr.-ICatholicprinciplepertinenttofreedomofworshipcanbe called,byccntrasttothefirst,the principlect naltolerance.Itis simplyanapplicationofChrist'scornnianoment:"Thoushaltlovethy neighbourasthyself."Catholicsconsiderthemselvesboundtoloveall humanbeingswithoutexception-not formerelynaturalorhumanitarian reasons.butbecauseeveryhuman beingpossessesaspiritual,immortal soul,madetotheimageandlikeness ofGod,destinedtobethetempleof Godinthislifeandtobeacitizenof Hiseternalkingdominthelifeto come.Thissupernaturallovemust embracenotonlyCatholics,butalsb Protestants,Jews,Mohammedans, Buddhists,i_agans,atheists-inIword, allmenwithoutexception,irrespective oftheirreligiousbelieforunbelief.It mustbeagenerous,self-sacrificing love;itmustincludethewillingness tohelpthosewhoareinneed,whatevermaybetheirreligiouspersuasions.

Becauseofthisdutyofsupernatural lovetowardsall,Catholicsmustpresumethatthosewhodifferfromthem inreligionsaresincere,unlesstheoppositeismanifest.WhileCatholics a:ealwaysgladtopointouttoothers thereasonablegroundsfortheacceptanceofCatholicity,theywoulddo wrungiftheytriedtoinduceanonCatholictoentertheCatholicChurch againstthesincereconvictionofhis tunconscience.Fornoonepossessingtheuseofreasonmayaffiliate himselfwiththeCatholicChurchunlessheisintellectuallypersuadedof thetruthofCatholicity.Nowitis certainlypossibleforanon-Catholicin allsinceritytobeconvincedthathis ownreligionistrue.Accordingto Catholicprinciples,suchapersonis obligedinconsciencetocontinuethe MIN MRTHE5Orl

practiceofhisreligion,andCatholics respecthissincerity,eventhoughthey areconvincedhehasnotagenuine righttoprofessareligiondiffering fromthatwhichtheSonofGodcommandedallmentoaccept.Catholics maynotpersecutenon-Catholicsbecauseoftheirsincerereligiousconvictions.However,aswaspointedout above,thisdoesnotnecessarilyimply thatunrestrictedfreedommustbe grantedbyCatholicstothereligious activitiesofnon-Catholics.Thus,ifa Protestantclergymandeemeditaduty inconsciencetopersuadeaCatholic boytoabandontheCatholicreligion, theboy'sparentscouldjustlytake stepstopreventtheministerfrom meetingtheirson,howeverSincere mightbethegentleman'smotives.

SituationinCatholicCountries.

BesidestheseprinciplesfortheconductofindividualCatholics,thereare otherprinciplesregulatingtheconduct ofaCatholicgovernmenttowardthe non-Catholicsinitsdomains,Ifthe countryisdistinctivelyCatholic-that is,ifthepopulationisalmostentirely Catholic,andthenationallifeandinstitutionsarepermeatedwiththespirit ofCatholicity-thecivilrulerscanconsiderthemselvesjustifiedinrestricting orpreventingdenominationalactivitieshostiletotheCatholicreligion. Thisdoesnotmeanthattheymay punishorpersecutethosewhodonot accepttheCatholicfaith.Butthey arejustifiedinrepressingwrittenor spokenattacksonCatholicity,theuse ofthepressorthemailstoweakenthe allegianceofCatholicstowardtheir Church,andsimilaranti-Catholicefforts.For,bysuchactivities,thefaith ofsouse,iftheCatholiccitizens-particularlythelesseducated-mightbe unsettledandtheirloyaltytothe Churchdestroyed. ACatholicgovernmentnaturallylooksonthesehappeningsasgraveevilsofthespiritual order,fromwhichthecitizensmust beprotected,ifpossible.

Ourowngovernmentwouldcertainly followasimilarpolicyincertaincircumstances.Thus,ifasectwereto ariseto-daydeemingitareligiousduty topreachpacifisminourcampsandto urgeoursoldierstolaydowntheir arms,measureswouldsoonbetaken tostopthemovement.Whileour governmentrespectstheconscientious feelingsofsincerepacifistsasfaras theirownconductisconcerned,itcertainlywouldnotallowthemtounderminetheloyaltyofthesoldierstowardthenationalcause.Despitethe sincerityofsuchpacifists,theywould notbepermittedtoextendtheirfreedomofconsciencetothepublicpreachingofideasopposedtothosewhichthe governmentofficialsandmostofour peopleupholdastrueandgood.Similarly,inadistinctivelyCatholiccoun-

alObviousLimitstoFreedomof ReligioninLivesofIndividuals

try,thegovernmentquitereasonably mayrepressreligiouspropagandadetrimentaltothebeliefoftherulers,and ofmostofthepeople.

Nevertheless,eveninapredominantlyCatholiccountry,circumstancesmay renderitmoreadvisableforthegovernmenttograntnon-Catholicsthe samemeasureoffreedomofworshipas is'enjoyedbyCatholics.Suchacourse isjustifiablewhenitisforeseenthata policyofcompletetolerationwillprocuregreatergoodthanwillrepressive ,neasuresagainstanti-Catholicactivities.Thisisgenerallythecasewhen aconsiderablenumberofthecitizens arenon-Catholics,thoughrelatively theymaybeasmallminority.Insuch circumstancesapolicyofrestriction mightleadsomenon-Catholicstoenter theCatholicChurch,notthroughconvictionbutmerelytoobtaingreater libertyortogainpoliticalfavour.This wouldbeagravespiritualevilwhich thecivilrulerswouldjustlywishto avert.

Again,thepolicyofequalreligious rightsmightbebettercalculatedto fosterpeaceandharmonyamongthe citizens,andtounitethemmorecloselyasonepeople.Benefitsofthis naturecouldsometimesjustifythe governmentofadistinctivelyCatholic countryin.givingcompletetoleration toallformsofreligion,sincethese benefitswouldsufficientlycompensate forthedetrimenttotheCatholicfaith whichinsomemeasuremightfollow fromthepolicyofequalcivilrightsfor allcreeds.PopeLeoXIIIexplained thispointterselywhen,inexpounding theprinciplesthatshouldguideCatholicgovernments,newrote:"TheChurch indeeddeemsitunlawfultoplacethe variousformsofdivineworshiponthe samefootingasthetruereligion,but does'notonthataccountcondemn thoserulerswho,forthesakeofsecuringsomegreatgoodorofhindering somegreatevilpatientlyallowcustom orusagetobeakindofsanctionfor eachformofreligionhavingitsplace intheState.AndinfacttheChurch iswonttotakeearnestheedthatno oneshallbeforcedtoembracethe Catholicfaithagainsthiswill,for,as St.Augustinewiselyremindsus,'Man cannotbelieveotherwisethanofhis ownfreewill'-"(GreatEncyclicalLettersofLeoXIII.,p.127.)

CompleteToleration.

Reasonsforthepolicyofcomplete tolerationonthepartofCatholic Stateshavebeenaugmentedinrecent times,wheninternationalrelations havebecomemoreintimate,andgovernmentsmustregardthemselvesobligatedtosomedegreetowardthepeopleofotherlandsaswellastoward theirowncitizens.Accordingly,ifit isforeseenthatthegrantingoffull civilrightstoallreligionswithinits ownnationalterritorywillbebeneficial tocitizensofothernations,aCatholic countrycouldbejustifiedinadopting thispolicy.Indeed,aCatholicwould notheinconsistentwithanyprinciple ofhisfaithifheheldthatinthecircumstancesthatprevailatthepresent time,itwouldbethemostfeasibleplan tohavecompletereligioustoleration throughoutthewholeworld.Butit musteverberememberedthataCatholiccannotadvocatesuchaplanon thebasisthatallreligionshaveagenuine,God-givenrighttoexist.Sucha rightbelongsonlytotheonereligion foundedbyJesusChristforallmen. Catholicscanupholdonlythepolicy ofequalityofcivilrightsforalldenominations.Thus,aCatholiccouldnot subscribetothesecondoftheseven "PeacePoints"recentlypublished,ifit isinterpretedinthesensethataCatholicgovernmenthasnorealrightto showspecialfavourtotheCatholic Churchortorestrictanti-Catholic mwements:buthecouldagreewith it,withoutcompromiseofprinciple,if itheunderstoodtosignifythatthe mostpracticalpolicyforthepeaceand well-hieingofmankindto-dayisthe univettaleliminationofallreligious discriminationonthepartofbothCatholiandnon-Catholic e

Thepointinquestionstates:''The dignityofthehumanpersonasthe imageofGodmustbesetforthinall itsessentialimplicationsinaninternationaldeclarationofrightsandbe vindicatedbythepositiveactionofnationalorganisations.Statesaswell asindividualsmustrepudiateracial,religiousorotherdiscriminationinviolationofthoserights.

Inpractice,Catholicgovernments aregenerallymuchmoreliberaltowardnon-Catholicsthanaredistinct, ivelyProtestantStatestowardsCatholics.Thisitwellexemplifiedbythe newConstitutionofIreland,whichbecameoperativeonDecember20,1937. ThoughEireismorethan90percent. Catholic,thefollowingprovisions,favouringotherdenominations,arein force:

"TheStateacknowledgesthatthe homageofpublicworshipisduetoAlmightyGod.Itshallholdhisname inreverenceandshallrespectandhonourreligion.TheStaterecognisesthe specialpositionoftheHolyCatholic ApostolicandRomanChurchasthe guardianoftheFaithprofessedbythe greatmajorityofthecitizens.The Statealsorecognisesthe-Churchof Ireland,thePresbyterianChurchin Ireland,theMethodistChurchinIreland,theReligiousSocietyofFriends inIreland,aswellastheJewishCongregationsandtheotherreligiousdenominationsexistinginIrelandatthe dateofcomingintooperationofthis Constitution.Freedomofconscience andthefreeprofessionandpracticeof religionare,subjecttopublicorder andmorality,guaranteedtoeverycitizen.TheStateguaranteesnottoendowanyreligion.TheStateshallnot imposeanydisabilitiesormakeany discriminationonthegroundofreligiousprofession,belieforstatus.LegislationprovidingStateaidforschools shallnotdiscriminatebetweenschools underthemanagementofdifferentdenominations,norbesuchastoaffect prejudiciallytherightofanychildto attendaschoolreceivingpublicmoney withoutattendingreligiousinstruction atthatschool."("ConstitutionofEire," Art.44.) WhereNonePredominate.

InacountryliketheUnitedStates, wherethereligiousaffiliationsofthe citizensaresonumerousandsodiverse, andwherenosingledenominationis predominant,completeequalityforall religionsisundoubtedlythemostcommendablepolicy-Fromwhathas beensaidabove,andfromtheexampleofCatholicIreland,itisveryevidentthatonlyonewhoisignorantof CatholicteachingcanassertthatifCatholicsevergainedthebalanceofpoliticalpowerintheUnitedStatesthey wouldbeobligedbytheirprinciplesto imposerestrictionsontheirnon-Catholicfellow-citizens.TheCatholicsof Americaarejustasanxiousastheid ProtestantandJewishneighboursto maintainandtopromotecivilequality forallreligionsthroughoutourland. Iftheword"rights"istakeninthe senseofcivilrightsintheUnited Statesorincountrieswherethereare similarreligiousconditions,Catholics havenohesitationinstatingthatall religionsshouldhaveequalrights.

Catholicsshouldexplaintheseprinciplesclearlytotheirnon-Catholic friends.Nofairandintelligentperson cancondemntheCatholicposition,for itistheonlylogicalattitudethatcan betakenbyonewhobelievesthatGod hasestablishedonereligionandcommandedallmentoembraceit.If someofourfellow-citizensofotherdenominationsfailtoseethereasonablenessofthepositiontakenbythoseof uswhoareCatholics,andconsequently denounceusasbigotsorfanatics,we arenotallowedto,compromiseona singlepointinordertoappeasetheir indignation.Wemustexpectopposition,forChristpromisedHisfollowers."Iftheyhavepersecutedme,they willpersecuteyoualso"(John15,20). Catholicsmustexpect,aftertheexampleoftheirMaster,tobedespised

*HowCharityLinksDoctrinalFixitywith PersonalTolerance

RightsofGovernmentsin CatholicCountries..

NationalandInternationalBenefits ofCompleteToleration-

(ContinuedfromFrontCover.)

ishesitantaboutexpressingtohisnonCatholicfriendsthetrueCatholicpositiononthissubject-who,perhaps, evencommitshimselftotheassertion thateveryonehasarighttoworship Godasheindividuallyseesfit.How sac: aCath.iicregardhimselfas aloyalfollowerofJesusChrist,who wassointolerantofanyerroropposedtothedivinemessagethatHebore tomankind?

Theseem-1Catholicprinciplepertinenttofreedomcfworshipcanbe called,bycontrasttothefirst,the principleatper:.naltolerance.Itis sanplyanapplicationofChrist'scornmanoment:"Thoushaltlovethy neighbourasthyself."Catholicsconsiderthemselvesboundtoloveall intinanbeingswithoutexception-not furmerelynaturalorhumanitarian reason'-.butbecauseeveryhuman beingpossessesaspiritual,immortal soul,madetotheimageandlikeness ofGod,destinedtobethetempleof Godinthislifeandtobeacitizenof Hiseternalkingdominthelifeto come. must embracenotonlyCatholics,butalso Protestants,JewsMohammedans, Buddhist-. atheists--intword, allmenwithoutexception,irrespective oftheirreligiousbelieforunbelief.It mustbeagenerous,self-sacrificing love;itmustincludethewillingness tohelpthosewhoareinneed,whatevermaybetheirreligiouspersuasions.

Becauseofthisdutyofsupernatural lovetowardsall,Catholicsmustpresumethatthosewhodifferfrom'them inreligionsaresincere,unlesstheopyositeismanifest.WhileCatholics atealwaysgladtopointouttoothers thereasonablegroundsfortheacceptanceofCatholicity,theywoulddo wrongiftheytriedtoinduceanonatholictoentertheCatholicChurch againstthesincereconvictionofhis 'Nilconscience.Fornoonepossessingtheuseofreasonmayaffiliate himselfwiththeCatholicChurchunlessheisintellectuallypersuadedof thetruthofCatholicity.Nowitis certainlypossibleforanon-Catholicin allsinceritytobeconvincedthathis ownreligionistrue.Accordingto Catholicprinciples,suchapersonis obligedinconsciencetocontinuethe

-47tzecui.

MRTHESOn

LIMITED

practiceofhisreligion,andCatholics respecthissincerity,eventhoughthey areconvincedhehasnotagenuine righttoprofessareligiondiffering fromthatwhichtheSonofGodcommandedallmentoaccept.Catholics maynotpersecutenon-Catholicsbecauseoftheirsincerereligiousconvictions.However,aswaspointedout above,thisdoesno&necessarilyimply thatunrestrictedfreedommustbe grantedbyCatholicstothereligious activitiesofnon-Catholics.Thus,ifa Protestantclergymandeemeditaduty inconsciencetopersuadeaCatholic boytoabandontheCatholicreligion, theboy'sparentscouldjustlytake stepstopreventtheministerfrom meetingtheirson,howeversincere mightbethegentleman'smotives.

SituationinCatholicCountries.

BesidestheseprinciplesfortheconductofindividualCatholics,thereare otherprinciplesregulatingtheconduct o;aCatholicgovernmenttowardthe non-Catholicsinitsdomains,Ifthe countryisdistinctivelyCatholic-that is,ifthepopulationisalmostentirely Catholic,andthenationallifeandinstitutionsarepermeatedwiththespirit ofCatholicity-thecivilrulerscancons,i1crthemselvesjustifiedinrestricting orpreventingdenominationalactivitieshostiletotheCatholicreligion. Thisdoesnotmeanthattheymay punishorpersecutethosewhodonot accepttheCatholicfaith.Butthey arejustifiedinrepressingwrittenor spokenattacksonCatholicity,theuse ofthepressorthemailstoweakenthe allegianceofCatholicstowardtheir Church,andsimilaranti-Catholicefforts.For,bysuchactivities,thefaith ofsome.dtheCatholiccitizens-particularlythelesseducated-mightbe unsettledandtheirloyaltytothe Churchdestroyed ACatholicgovernmentnaturallylooksonthesehappeningsasgraveevilsofthespiritual order,fromwhichthecitizensmust beprotected,ifpossible.

Ourowngovernmentwouldcertainly followasimilarpolicyincertaincircumstances.Thus,ifasectwereto ariseto-daydeemingitareligiousduty topreachpacifisminourcampsandto urgeoursoldierstolaydowntheir arms,measureswouldsoonbetaken tostopthemovement.Whileour governmentrespectstheconscientious feelingsofsincerepacifistsasfaras theirownconductisconcerned,itcertainlywouldnotallowthemtounderminetheloyaltyofthesoldierstowardthenationalcause.Despitethe sincerityofsuchpacifists,theywould notbepermittedtoextendtheirfreedomofconsciencetothepublicpreachingofideasopposedtothosewhichthe governmentofficialsandmostofour peopleupholdastrueandgood.Similarly,inadistin,-ti,tclvCatholiccoon-

atObviousLimitstoFreedomof ReligioninLivesofIndividuals

try,thegovernmentquitereasonably mayrepressreligiouspropagandadetrimentaltothebeliefoftherulers,and ofmostofthepeople.

Nevertheless,eveninapredominantlyCatholiccountry,circumstancesmay renderitmoreadvisableforthegovernmenttograntnon-Catholicsthe samemeasureoffreedomofworshipas istenjoyedbyCatholics.Suchacourse isjustifiablewhenitisforeseenthata policyofcompletetolerationwillprocuregreatergoodthanwillrepressive .neasuresagainstanti-Catholicactivities.Thisisgenerallythecasewhen aconsiderablenumberofthecitizens arenon-Catholics,thoughrelatively theymaybeasmallminority.Insuch circumstancesapolicyofrestriction mightleadsomenon-Catholicstoenter theCatholicChurch,notthroughconvictionbutmerelytoobtaingreater libertyortogainpoliticalfavour.This wouldbeagravespiritualevilwhich thecivilrulerswouldjustlywishto avert.

Again,thepolicyofequalreligious rightsmightbebettercalculatedto fosterpeaceandharmonyamongthe citizen,andtounitethemmorecloselyasonepeople.Benefitsofthis naturecouldsometimesjustifythe governmentofadistinctivelyCatholic countryingivingcompletetoleration toallformsofreligion,sincethese benefitswouldsufficientlycompensate forthedetrimenttotheCatholicfaith whichinsomemeasuremightfollow fromthepolicyofequalcivilrightsfor allcreeds.PopeLeoXIIIexplained thispointterselywhen,inexpounding theprinciplesthatshouldguideCatholicgovernments,newrote:"TheChurch indeeddeemsitunlawfultoplacethe variousformsofdivineworshiponthe samefootingasthetruereligion,but doesnotonthataccountcondemn thoserulerswho,forthesakeofsecuringsomegreatgoodorofhindering somegreatevilpatientlyallowcustom orusagetobeakindofsanctionfor eachformofreligionhavingitsplace intheState.AndinfacttheChurch iswontto'takeearnestheedthatno oneshallbeforcedtoembracethe Catholicfaithagainsthiswill,for,as St.Augustinewiselyremindsus,'Man cannotbelieveotherwisethanofhis ownfreewill'."(GreatEncyclicalLettersofLeoXIII.,p.127.) CompleteToleration.

Reasonsforthepolicyofcomplete tolerationonthepartofCatholic Stateshavebeenaugmentedinrecent times,wheninternationalrelations havebecomemoreintimate,andgovernmentsmustregardthemselvesobligatedtosomedegreetowardthepeopleofotherlandsaswellastoward theirowncitizens.Accordingly,ifit isforeseenthatthegrantingoffull civilrightstoallreligionswithinits ownnationalterritorywillbebeneficial tocitizensofothernations,aCatholic countrycouldbejustifiedinadopting thispolicy.Indeed,aCatholicwould notheinconsistentwithanyprinciple ofhisfaithifheheldthatinthecircumstancesthatprevailatthepresent time,itwouldbethemostfeasibleplan tohavecompletereligioustoleration throughoutthewholeworld.Butit musteverberememberedthataCatholiccannotadvocatesuchaplanon thebasisthatallreligionshaveagenuine,God-givenrighttoexist.Sucha rightbelongsonlytotheonereligion foundedbyJesusChristforallmen. Catholicscanupholdonlythepolicy ofequalityofcivilrightsforalldenominations.Thus,aCatholiccouldnot subscribetothesecondoftheseven "PeacePoints"recentlypublished,ifit isinterpretedinthesensethataCatholicgovernmenthasnorealrightto showspecialfavourtotheCatholic Churchortorestrictanti-Catholic invements;huthecouldagreewith it,withoutcompromiseofprinciple,if itbeunderstoodtosignifythatthe mostpracticalpolicyforthepeaceand well-beingofmankindto-dayisthe tinive&aleliminationofallreligious discriminationonthepartofbothCatholicandnon-Catholic:overnments

Thepointinquestionstates:"The dignityofthehumanpersonasthe imageofGodmustbesetforthinall itsessentialimplicationsinaninternationaldeclarationofrightsandbe vindicatedbythepositiveactionofnationalorganisations.Statesaswell asindividualsmustrepudiateracial,religiousorotherdiscriminationinviolationofthoserights.

Inpractice,Catholicgovernments aregenerallymuchmoreliberaltowardnon-Catholicsthanaredistinct. ivelyProtestantStatestowardsCatholics.Thisiswellexemplifiedbythe newConstitutionofIreland,whichbecameoperativeonDecember20,1937. ThoughEireismorethan90percent. Catholic,thefollowingprovisions,favouringotherdenominations,arein force:

"TheStateacknowledgesthatthe homageofpublicworshipisduetoAlmightyGod.ItshallholdHisname inreverenceandshallrespectandhonourreligion.The'Staterecognisesthe specialpositionoftheHolyCatholic ApostolicandRomanChurchasthe guardianoftheFaithprofessedbythe greatmajorityofthecitizens.The StatealsorecognisestheChurchof Ireland,thePresbyterianChurchin Ireland,theMethodistChurchinIreland,theReligiousSocietyofFriends inIreland,a'swellastheJewishCongregationsandtheotherreligiousdenominationsexistinginIrelandatthe dateofcomingintooperationofthis Constitution.Freedomofconscience andthefreeprofessionandpracticeof religionare,subjecttopublicorder andmorality,guaranteedtoeverycitizen,TheStateguaranteesnottoendowanyreligion.TheStateshallnot imposeanydisabilitiesormakeany discriminationonthegroundofreligiousprofession,belieforstatus.LegislationprovidingStateaidforschools shallnotdiscriminatebetweenschools underthemanagementofdifferentdenominations,norbesuchastoaffect prejudiciallytherightofanychildto attendaschoolreceivingpublicmoney withoutattendingreligiousinstruction atthatschool."("ConstitutionofEire," Art.44.) WhereNonePredominate.

InacountryliketheUnitedStates, wherethereligiousaffiliationsofthe citizensaresonumerousandsodiverse, andwherenosingledenominationis predominant,completeequalityforall religionsisundoubtedlythemostcommendablepolicy.Fromwhathas beensaidabove,andfromtheexampleofCatholicIreland,itisveryevidentthatonlyonewhoisignorantof CatholicteachingcanassertthatifCatholicsevergainedthebalanceofpoliticalpowerintheUnitedStatesthey wouldbeobligedbytheirprinciplesto imposerestrictionsontheirnon-Catholicfellow-citizens.TheCatholicsof Americaarejustasanxiousastheid ProtestantandJewishneighboursto maintainandtopromotecivilequality forallreligionsthroughoutourland. Iftheword"rights"istakeninthe senseofcivilrightsintheUnited Statesorincountrieswherethereare similarreligiousconditions,Catholics havenohesitationinstatingthatall religionsshouldhaveequalrights.

Catholicsshouldexplaintheseprinciplesclearlytotheirnon-Catholic friends.Nofairandintelligentperson cancondemntheCatholicposition,for itistheonlylogicalattitudethatcan betakenbyonewhobelievesthatGod hasestablishedonereligionandcommandedallmentoembraceit.If someofourfellow-citizensofotherdenominationsfailtoseethereasonablenessofthepositiontakenbythoseof uswhoareCatholics,andconsequently denounceusasbigotsorfanatics,we arenotallowedto,compromiseona singlepointinordertoappeasetheir indignation.Wemustexpectopposition,forChristpromisedHisfollow ers"Iftheyhavepersecutedme,they willpersecuteyoualso"(John15,20). Catholicsmustexpect,aftertheexampleoftheirMaster,tobedespised a..11.4.11,

FORCHEAPERGROCERIES

generalInterest

Mahon-O'Halloran Wedding

OnMonday,January31,at9a.m., St.Patrick'sChurch,Fremantle,was thesceneofquiteabeautifulwedding beforetheAltarofGod.Theoccasionwastheunitinginthebondsof HolyMatrimonyofEllenRowena O'Halloran,daughterofMr.John O'HalloranandthelateMrs.O'Halloran,ofSingleton,NewSouthWales. andWilliam,youngestsonofthelate Mr.PeterMahonandMrs.Mahon, widelyrespectedCatholicresidentsof EastFremantle.

Intheunavoidableabsenceofthe immediaterelativesofthebride-to-be, Mr.andMrs.L.V.O'Haraandtheir daughter,MissDaphneO'llara,old friendsofSisterO'Halloran,recently oftheNursingStaffofGeraldtonHospital,actedinthatcapacity.

Thebride,leaningonthearmofMr. L.V.O'Hara,enteredthechurchto thestrainsoftheNuptialMarch,playedontheorganbyMissKathleen Droney,A.L.C.M.,organistofSt.Patrick's.

Inanavybluemorocainfrock,white hat,navy.andwhiteaccessoriesand shodidersprayofwhitefrangipanni,all ofexquisitedesign,thebridepresentedapictureofgraceandloveliness.

MissDaphneO'Hara,wearingahydrangeablueSandaracrepecostume, creamballibuntalstavehat,accessories totone,withshouldersprayofpale pinkroses,lookedacharmingbridesmaid.

Mrs.L.V.O'Haraworeafloral Frenchcrepe-de-chenefrockwithbeige accessoriestocomplete.

Thedutiesdevolvingonthebest manwerefittinglydischargedbyMr. R.Shanahan,alife-longfriendofthe bridegroom.

VeryRev.FatherHaugh,O.M.I., SuperiorofSt.Patrick's,performedthe ceremony.

ThenfollowedtheNuptialMass,the newlywedkneelingwithintheSanctuary.

Subsequentlyareceptionandweddingbreakfastwasheldat"Sorrento,' thepicturesquehomeofthegenial hosts,Mr.andMrs.L.V.O'Hara,overlookingFremantleHarbourandthe seabeyond,withVeryRev.Father Haugh,O.M.I.,presiding.

Asapreludetothetime-honoured toastlist,asheafofcongratulatory telegramswasreceivedfromallover Australiabythehappypair.The usualtoastsweredrunktomusical htmours,afterwhichMr.andMrs. Mahon,biddingacordialaurevoirto thoseassembled,leftonanextended honeymoonforatouroftheSouthWest,thebridewearingapaleblue suittrimmedwithwhiteandwhiteaccessories.

SUBSCRIPTIONRATES.

Metropolitan.

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12Months:Threebooks,fl15s;four books,1258.;fivebooks,12104. Wepayfreightonbookstothesubscriber.

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S.BEECROFT-Butchei

181RokebyRoad.Subiaco.

OnlyPrimeFreshKilledMeatSold

Thesceneofaveryprettywedding wasSt.MarysCathedral,when,on Wednesday,December29,MaryPatricia,elderdaughterofMr.andMrs. J.O'Neill,ofTambellup,wasjoined inHolyMatrimonytoRichardStephen (R.A.A.F.),eldersonofMr.andMrs. R.Sullivan,of40Broome-street,Cottesloe.TheRev.FatherF.Byrne,of Katanning,officiated.

Thebrideenteredthechurchonthe armofherfather,andpresentedadelightfulpictureinhergownofwhite crepecutonGrecianlinesandembroideredwithtruelovers'knots.She carriedatrailerbouquetoffrangipanni andfern,andherbeautifullyembroidered,fulllengthtulleveilwasheldin placebyatopknotoffrangipanni.

LalSullivan(W.A.AA.F.)

atendedthebride,wearingacharming frockofbluelameandmatching shoulderlengthtulleveil.Asheaf andtopknotofpinkrosesandblue hydrangeascompletedhertoilet.

Cpl.JohnHenderson(R.A.A.F.)ably carriedoutthedutiesofbestman.

CommanderJohn

FarrowWinsLiterary Award

Lieut.-CommanderJohnV.Farrow, oftheRoyalCanadianNavy,hasbeen designatedtoreceivetheannualCatholicLiteraryAwardoftheGallery ofLivingCatholicAuthorsforhisvolume,"PageantofthePopes."Presentationoftheawardwillbemadein LosAngelesbyacommitteechosen bytheRev.FrancisC.Talbot,S.J., presidentoftheBoardofGovernors.

CommanderFarrowisatpresentassociatedwiththemotionpictureindustryasadirectorofpicturesamong them"WakeIsland,""Commandos StrikeatDawn,""Hostages"and "China."Hewasonactivedutywith theRoyalCanadianNavyforseveral years.WhenhisvolumeonthePopes waspublished,theRev.ThomasJ. Reed,inareview,spokeofitas"the Catholicbookoftheyear,"avolume thatwillenabletheAmericanpublic to"becomebetteracquaintedwiththe anomalyofalltimes-apermanentinstitutioninaworldofchange."

Dr.PrestonBradley,reviewingthe workfortheChicago"Sun,"wroteas follows:"IwishProtestantswould readthisentirebook.Manyoftheir prejudicesanddistorted,unhistorical conceptionsoftheRomanCatholic Churchwouldvanish."

CommanderFarrowisalsotheauthor of"DamientheLeper."

SEVEN

Aftertheceremonyareceptionwas heldatPaterson'sDiningRoom,Mrs. O'Neillreceivingtheguestsinanavy frockwithwhiteaccessories,assisted byMrs.Sullivan,wearingdustypink andbrawnaccessories.Thedutiesof chairmanwerecarriedoutbyRev. FatherByrne.

48PapalDiscourses

TherehasbeenpublishedinMilana bookcontainingallthemessagesand discoursespronouncedbyPopePius XII.duringthefourthyearofhisPontificate,March.,I942,toMarch,1943.It isavolumeof468pages,containing49 discoursesinall.Eachpontificalmessageisgiveninthelanguageinwhich itwasdelivered.Anotablefeature ofthecollectionisthatitcontains nolessthanseventeenstatementson theChristianfamily;mostofthese wereaddressedtogroupsofnewlyweds.AsaSpanishCatholicjournal comments:"ThePopedoesnotspeak tofathersofthedesert;heprefersto addresshusbandsandwivesonthe dignityofthesacramentofmatrimony."Apartfromthepreponderanceoftalksdealingwiththissubject,thediscoursesrangeoverawide field.Whetherdirectedtothesimple faithfulortodiplomats,theyarealwayssubstantialandfulloflight.

MR.CASEYSUCCEEDSCATHOLIC GOVERNOR..

ItisinterestingtolearnthatMr. Casey'spredecessorasGovernorof BenkalwasadistinguishedCatholicLieut.-ColonelSirJohnHerbert, G.C.I.E.,whoresignedowingtocontinuedill-health.

SirJohnwasappointedGovernorin 1939.Forsixyearspreviouslyhehad beenM.P.forMonmouthshire.He servedinIndiaforthreeyearsas A.D.C.totheViceroy,LordIrwin,and laterbecameParliamentaryPrivate SecretarytoLordStanleyattheAdmiralty.

FRANKJ.BOSWELL

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36PIERSTREET,PERTH.

Established1874. 450

OfWhatSpirit?

AnaddressbySirErnestFiskinSydneylastweek,although itreceivedprominencethroughouttheAustralianpress,mightbe dismissedastheaberrationofanotherwisebalancedmindwereit notfortheinherentdangersthatlurkintheadvocacyofspiritism. SirErnestassuredhishearersthatleadingphysicistshadaccumulatedevidencethatwenttoshowthat"thespiritsofthedeadinhabitedtheionisedetherbeyondtheearth'satmosphereandthat eventuallytheremightbediscoveredawavelengthwhichwould makecommunicationwiththempossible."WhileSirErnest's prognosticationsarenotfarremovedinfatuityfrommanypropoundedbyMr.H.G.Wells,itgivesonefuriouslytothinkthat thishoroscopeageisthesamewhichderidesthemedievalspecula- tionaboutthenumberofangelswhichmightbeaccommodatedon thepointofapin.

Withoutenteringintoadiscussionregardingthenatureofdiscarnatebeings,theirmagnitude,position,etc.(whichwoulddoubtlesslybedismissedascasuistry),wewouldheartilyendorsethe practicalaspectofthematterasstatedbyDr.S.E.Williamsto theeffectthatSirErnestFisk'sstatementwasmostregrettableat thepresenttimewhensomanypeoplehavelostlovedones,and wascalculatedonlytoraisefalsehopes.Thesuperstitionsto whichourmaterialisticageareinthrallaregreatlyaggravatedin wartimewhenpeoplewholackthesheet-anchoroftruereligion turntoanycultwhichpromisestobroachthemysteriesofthe after-life.Whiletheseattemptsbearwitnesstotheuniversalbeliefinsurvivalafterdeath,itmustberememberedthatSpiritualism hasdevelopedintoawhollyinferioranddangerous,substitute forbasicChristiantruths,anditsvaguetheismshoulddeceive noone.

WhileSpiritualismisvaguelyTheistic,thereisinitnosug- gestionofworshipofGod,noranysenseofsinasaninfiniteoffence againstGod,norofGodasthefinalendofman.Hell,evenas apossibility,isemphaticallyrejected.Manmakeshisownfinal beatitude.Whateverhismoralstateatdeath,hebegins,however lowinthescale,toimproveafterdeath.Spiritualismpositively rejectsChristianityasafinalrevelationofthepurposeofhuman life,andman'sdestinyaswellasthewholeschemeofsalvation andthesacramentalsystem.Theamazingthingishowanyone canseriouslybelievethatthemovementcouldhaveGodforits authorwhentheyconsidertheacknowledgedfraud,credulity,contradictionandevenimmoralityofthegreaterpartofspiritist "messages"Ofcourse,thingsmayimproveintheranksofthe purespiritswheneachisequippedwithashort-wavereceiving andtransmittingsetintheionisedether(ifitexists).

*

Butthechiefperilofspiritualismliesinwhatactualcommunicationisestablishedwiththeotherworld.Thiscantspringfrom oneoftwosources-fromgoodorevilspirits.SinceGodhasprovidedmenwithHisrevelationandwithanauthoritativeteacher andguideintheChurch,mankindhasallthatisnecessaryforthe serviceofGodandthesalvationoftheirsouls.WhateverextraordinaryrevelationshavebeenmadetotheSaints,havebeen subjectedtotheordinaryprocessofhistoricalcriticism,andsuch .revelationshavebeenonlyoccasionallytoissueawarningorarequestforprayers,butnothingfantastical.Moreover,suchmessageshavebeenspontaneousandnotsoughtoutthroughcuriosity. Again,communicationsfromgoodspiritshavesurvivedthethreefoldtestwhichtheChurchapplies.Firstly,themessagecannot conflictwithdoctrinaltruthormoralprinciples.Secondly,the recipientsofsuchmesagesmustbepersonsofsoundcommonsense,avoidingratherthancourtingsuchoccurrences.And, thirdly,theeffectsofthemessagemustbegood,therecipientbeing impelledtogreatersanctity.Spiritualismfailsbadlyunderthese tests.Themediumactsusuallyunderuncannyandfeverishexcitement,themessagesreceivedandthemethodsadoptedarefre1quentlyblasphemousandimmoral,andquiteunworthyofGod. Therefore,spiritualismbearsthemarkofevilandofevildirect frothitssource,thescripturalwarningagainstitbeingexplicit "Neitherlettherehefoundamongyou onethatseekeththe truthfromthedead."

DominicanPriory, Dongarra Ceremonyof ReligiousProfession

TheChapeloftheDominicanPriory, Dongarra,wasthesceneofan.impressiveceremonywhen,onthemorningof Thursday,January13,SisterMary LewisBertrand,aformerpupilofthe College,pronouncedherfinalvows.The ceremonywasperformedbyHisLordship,MostRev.Dr.Gummer,Bishop ofGeraldton,whocelebratedHoly Mass,assistedbyVeryRev.Father Gallagher.PresentalsowereVery Rev.Dr.Goody,Rectorof*St.Charles' Seminary,Perth,andVeryRev.Father Crofts,0.P.,M.A.,VicarProvincialof theDominicanOrderinAustralia,who hadjustconcludedtheannualRetreat fortheDominicanSisters,andwho preachedtheoccasionalsermon.

Takingashistextthewords:"The Lightshinethindarkness,andthe darknessdidnotcomprehendit," FatherrecalledtomindthattheChurch wasstillcelebratingthebeautifulFeast oftheEpiphany,thespecialFeastof theGentiles,thedayonwhichthe Magi,guidedbythestarwhichannouncedthecomingoftheSonof God,hadbeenledtothefeetofthe truelightoftheworld."Andenteringintothehousetheyfoundthe ChildwithMaryHisMother,andfallingclowntheyadoredHim."Thelight penetratedtheirsouls,andtheyunderstoodthemessageofBethlehem.

Theworldto-dayhasturnedits backonthetrueLightbyrejecting God,andthereforewouldnotunderstandtheceremonywhichwasabout totakeplace-Itcannotunderstand theactofOnewho,inallcalmnessand peace,renouncesforeveritspleasures andhonours,andbyrenouncingher ownwill,vowsobedienceunto deathtoAlmightyGod,totheBlessed VirginMary,ProtectorofourOrder, andtoourgreatPatriarch,St.Dominic,andunderthemtoherwhonow takestheplaceofGodinherregard.

Thelightwhichisintheworldresemblesthatwhichaman,travelling throughadarkforestreceivesfroma smalltorch.Itistrueasfarasit goes,butitistotallyinadequateto drawthesoulwithallitsstrengthto God,WhoistheLightinaccessible. Onlyinhumilityandinachildlike spiritcanthislightpenetratethesouls ofmen."Alittlechildshalllead them.'Becausetheworldhasturned itsbackonGod,andbecausemendo nottreatHimaslovingchildrentreat thebestofFathers,ithasbeenleftto itsawndevices,andtheterriblestrugglethroughwhichitispassingisaresultofitsabandonmentofGodtofol. lowitsownfalselight.

ThedoctrineofChristisreiectedby theworld,whichseeksforhappiness bytakingallandgivingnothing, whereasourDivineLordtellsusin HisGospel,"Ifanymanwillcome afterMe,lethimdenyhimselfand takeuphiscrossandfollowMe."In thereligiouslifewetakeOurLord's wordsliterally.Wegiveall,inorder toreceiveall,andOurDivineLord givesusthepeaceandcontentwhich comethroughrenouncingallthing'sfor Hislove.TheReligiouslifeisalife ofself-sacrifice,buttheSisterwhothat morningwastopronounceherfinal vowshadtesteditduringtheperiodof temporaryprofession,andhadfoundin

tOe

citrcObioceoe

HisGracetheArchbishopannounces thefollowingclericalappointments:

Rev.J.McCormack,ParishPriestof MidlandJunction,tobeParishPriest ofClaremont.

Rev.J.Lynch,B.A.,ParishPriestof Northam,toheParishPriestofMidlandJunction.

Rev.T.Lenihan,ParishPriestof Merredin,tobe,ParishPriestofNortham.

Rev.J.J.O'Mahony,LocumTenens ofEastFremantle,tobeParishPriest ofMerredin.

Theseappointmentswilltakeeffect onSunday,March5.

Rev.G.P.O'Callaghan(Military Chaplain)hasreturnedtoEastFremantleasParishPriest.

ST.MARY'SCATHEDRAL.

LENTENSERMONS.

Rev.D.Breslin,O.M.I.,willpreach thefollowingcourseofspecialLenten SermonsinSt.Mary'sCathedral,commencingontheFirstSundayofrent:

Jesus,OurGod.

Jesus,OurModeL

Jesus,OurSaviour.

Jesus,OurFriend.

Jesus,OurHappiness.

JesusandMary. Jams,OurHope.

itapeaceandhappinesswhichthe worldcannotgive.Nowshewas goingbeforetheAltaronwhicha Sacrificehadjustbeenoffered,the greatSacrificeoftheHolyMass,to offeranothersacrifice,thesacrificeof herlifeinthegreatcauseoftruth, whichisourspecialheritagefromour HolyFather,St.Dominic.

Itrequiredgreatstrengthtobreak allthetiesthatboundhertothe worldandtolivealifeofself-abnegationintheobservanceofthethreevows ofreligion.Allthatwasrequirednow wastokeeptheHolyRule,whichwas theCharterbywhichshewastobe guidedinthepursuitofSanctity.She promisedobediencenotonlytodeath intime,butalso'tothedeathofself. Therecanbenotruehappinessunless westrivedailytodietoourselves,and wedothisbyourvowofobedience.

AftercongratulatingtheSisteron theStepshewasabouttotake,Father exhortedhertocourageandpersev?rance,trustinginthegraceofGodand bearinginmindthewatchwordofthe Order,"Truth."AsaDominicanit washerdutytoseektruthinaspecial manner,asDominicanshavebeenthe championsoftruthalldownthecenturies.Byperseveringinhervocation untildeath,shewouldbeassuredofa welcomefromherDivineSpouseat thecloseoflife,andwouldbeadmittedbyHimtothelightofeternal glory.

Attheconclusionofthesermon,Sistermadeherfinalprofessionintothe handsoftheMotherPrioressGeneral, andwasafterwardsinvestedwiththe blackveilandringoffinalprofession byHisLordshiptheBishop.The ceremonyconcludedwithBenediction oftheBlessedSacrament.

AustralianWheatBoard

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CatholicActioninthe.Schools Programmefor1944

"ALegionPraesidiuminEverySchool"

FUTURECONFERENCESTODISCUSSFORMATIONOFJUNIOR YOUTHMOVEMENTS.

"ReligiousofbothsexeswillrenderasignalservicetoCatholic Actionbypreparingforitfromatenderagetheboysandgirlsunder theirchargeinschoolsandcolleges.Atfirsttheyoungpeopleare tobesweetlyattractedtoaninterestintheworkoftheApostolate, andthenbyconsentandpainstakingeffortinducedtobecomemembersofCatholicActionorganisations.Wherethelatterdonotalreadyexist,thoseReligiousshouldthemselvesestablishthesis.

Thereisabsolutelynomoresuitablemeansathand,no#neropportunityliesopen,forinitiatingtheyouthintoCatholicAction,than thatwhichisaffordedbyschoolsandcolleges.Thistrainingofa youthelitewillbeofgreatbenefittothewholeschoolorinstitution. If,inanysuchplace,atleastthechoicestamongstthepupilsare thorouhglyimbuedwiththespiritoftheChristianApostolate,itisnot difficulttounderstandwhataninfluenceforgoodtheywillbe amongstalltheothers...Butitistheyoungpeoplethemselves,who arethusbeingtrainedtoCatholicAction,thatwillbenefitmost."

-(PiusXI.,A.A.S.,Vol.xxyiii.,Num.5,p.159,)

ThefinalsessionoftheTeachers' Conteren,ethisyear.wasdevotedtothe subjectofCatholicAction.TheDiocesanDirector,FatherLalor,outlined thefullschemeofCatholicActionfor theArchdiocesewhichhasbeenapprovedbyHisGracetheArchbishop.InsistingontheimportanceoftheYouth Movements,theC.G.M.forgirlsandthe L.C.Y.forboys,FatherLalorspokeat somelengthontheiraimsandscope.

HereadpartoftheAnnualReportof the1'G toillustratewhatresults werealreadybeingachievedthrough thisMovement.Theschools,however, couldgiveastillgreaterandinvaluable assistance,andwhilstlittleornothing wasbeingdonetoencourageanddevelopenthusiasmfortheapostolateof CatholicActionintheschools,valuableyearsofformationwerebeinglost.

Experienceinothercountrieshad provedtheadvisabilityandthenecessityoforganisingjuniormovements amongyoungerchildren.Italy,BelgiumandFrancehadallbeguntocon. ceintrateontheyoungerage-groups withextraordinaryresults.Here,too, itwasnecessarythattheseformative movementsbeencouragedasaprelude toCatholicAction.

ItwasconsideredwisertoconcentratethisyearonformingLegion groupsamongsttheseniorpupilsinall schools.Lastyeartwelveschoolshad startedpraesidiaandhehopedthis yeartoseeapraesidiuminevery school.TheseLegionpraesidiawould formandsupplytheleadersofthejuniormovementswhichitwasproposed toorganisethroughouttheschoolsnext year.Firstofall,however,itwas necessarythatbothteachers,who wouldactasSpiritualDirectors,and thestudentsthemselvesshouldgrasp theLegionspiritandunderstandits system.Thatiswhyitwassuggested thatthisyeartheschoolswhohadnot yetbegunapraesidiumshoulddoso, andspendthenexttwelvemonthspreparingthemembersfortheirworkas leadersandmilitantsinthestudent movementswhichwillbeofficially launchednextyear.

ItwasagreedthattheBrothersand Sistersofthevariousschoolswhowould bedeputedtointerestthemselvesin theseCatholicActionactivitiesshould meetinfurtherConferenceswith FathersMurphyandLalorsometime duringMarchorApril.AttheseConferencesitwouldbedecidedwhat schoolsfromamongthoseinwhichthe Legiongroupshadalreadybeenfunctioningfortwelvemonths,wouldexperimentthisyearwithbranchesofthe proposedstudentmovements:whatactivitieswouldheundertaken,andwhat systemororganisationwouldhemost suitableinviewoflocalcircumstances. Thespiritofbothboysandgirls'junior orstudentmovementswouldhethe spiritoftheLegionofMary,aswasalreadythecasewiththeC.G.M.andthe C.S.G.Inotherwords,theinspiration ofthemovementswouldbethetruedevotiontoOurLadyasunderstoodand practisedbytheLegionofMary.

FatherLalorstressedthenecessity ofLegionDirectorsintheschoolsunderstandingandinculcatingthosedoctrinesfromwhichCatholicActiondrewthe

laity,theMassseenasasacrificial "fourthdimension,"givingmeaning andvaluetoallouractionsthroughout theroutineoftheday,theidentification ofChristwithourneighbour-andall thetremendousimplicationsofthis dogma,theliturgicalliferealisedasthe well-springandblossomingoftheChristianlife,andaboveandbefelteallthese, arealisationofthepointindevotionto OurLadyandofherfunctioninthe workofRedemption.CatholicAction, morethananythingelse,shouldshow ourchildren,andaboveall,ourolder students,howtolivethefaithinallits fulness.

Itshouldbeunderstood,finally,that theobjectofCatholicActioninthe schoolswastoFORMAPOSTLES,and whatcharacteriseditwasthisprimary aim.Itwaspurelyandsimplya formativemovement.Thefieldsof apostolateinwhichtheLegionariesor militantsmightbeformedthroughtheir workwerethehome,theschoolandthe parish.Inashorttime,throughthese leaders'groupsofactiveLegionaries, thewholemovementintheschool, whenorganised,shouldbecomeinfectedwiththeLegionspirit:itshould haveadecidedlyleaveninginfluenceon thewholeschool:aboveall,theleaders themselvesshouldhavereceivedinvaluableexperiencewhichwouldqualify themtobecomeleadersalsointheseniorYouthmovementsonleavingschool. Butmorethananythingelse,perhaps, theactivitiesofthemovementsshould helpthestudents,especiallytheseniors,tointegratetheirreligionwith theirdailylifeandtheirfuturevocationwhateveritmaybe.

TheSuperiorsofthevariousmetropolitanschoolswillbenotifiedlateras totheconferencestobearrangedfor thepurposeofgoingintothiswhole questioninmoredetail.

Anyschoolauthoritieswishingto commenceapraesidiumorgroupof theLegionofMarythisyearwereaskedtocontacteitherFatherMurnhV,46 ThomasStreet,Nedlands(WM1870),or FatherLalor,St.Mary'sCathedral, Perth(B2548),whowillbeonlytoo harpytoansweranyenquiriesforinformationaboutstartingLegionpraesidia.

SincetheArchbishophasaskedthe CatholicActionauthoritiestore-form theL.C.Y.,lateronintheyearitis hopedthattheboys'schools,inthe metropolitanarea,particularly,will makeanefforttoestablishLegion groupsthisyear.Theyshouldprove ofimmenseassistanceintheearlyand thoroughformationofboyswhowillbe thefoundationmembersoftheL.C.Y. inthenextfewyears.

'TheLegionofMaryisCatholicActiondeckedoutinattractiveandalluringform;throbbingwithlifesothat itwinsalltoit;undertakeninthe mannerstipulatedbyPiusXI.,thatis, independenceontheVirginMotherof God;insistentonqualityasthefoundationofmembershipandevenasthe keytonumericalstrength;safeguarded byplenteousprayerandself-sacrifice, byexactsystem,andbycompletecooperationwiththePriest."--(HE.Mgr. Riticri.ApostolicDelegatetoMission-

CADETOFFICERDAVIDWHITE, eldestsonofMr.andMrs.J.J.White, AgriculturalBank,LakeGrace,WA., pupilforpastfouryearsatSt.Louis JesuitSchool,Claremont,isoneofthe threecandidatesselectedfromW.A. forDuntroonMilitaryCollege. He washeadprefectatSt.LouisSchool, andCadetofficeroftheSeniorCadet Detachment.

QUARANT',ORE

Sunday.

FEBRUARY. 2nd.-DARDANUP:OneDayofExposition. 3rd.WAGIN:OneDayofExposition. 4th.-COOLGARDIZ:OneDayof Exposition.

MARCH.

lst.-KONDININ:OneDayofExposition. 2nd.-NORSEMAN:OneDayofExposition.

LivingWiththe Church

MASSCALENDARFORTHE WEEK.

Sunday,February13:

SexagesimaSunday.MassProper withouttheGloria.2nd.Prayer Acunctis.3rd.Prayeratchoice. PrefaceoftheTrinity.

Monday,February14: St.Valentine,Priest,Martyr.Mass Invirtute.PrayeroftheProper. 2nd.PrayerAcunctis.3rd.Prayer atchoice.Tract.

Tuesday,February15: SS.FaustinusandJovita,Martrys. MassSalusautem.Prayerofthe Proper.2nd.PrayerAcunctis. 3rd.Prayeratchoice.Tract.

Wednesday,February18: MassoftheSundaywithoutthe Gloria.2nd.PrayerAcunctis. 3rd.Prayeratchoice.TheTract isomitted.CommonPreface.

Thursday,February17: MassoftheSundaywithoutthe Gloria.NoTract.CommonPreface.

Friday,February18: St.Simeon,BishopandMartyr. MassStatuit.2nd.PrayerA cunctis.3rd.Prayeratchoice. Tract.

SaturdayFebruary19:

SaturdayMassofOurLady-Salve -withtheGloria.2nd.Prayerof theHolyGhost.3rd.Prayerfor theChurchorthePope.Tract. PrefaceoftheBlessedVirgin.

Castledare

Orphanage

TheSuperiorandBrothersofCastledareOrphanage,Queen'sPark,wishto thanksincerelyallthegoodpeople whosokindlyrespondedtotheAppeal madethrough"TheRecord"when theywereaskedtoadoptalittle'lad fortheChristmasholidays.These charitablepeopleconferredagreat favouronbothBrothersandboys,for whichtheyareextremelygrateful.To theEditorof"TheRecord"sincere thanksarealsodueforhavingmade knowntheAppealthrough"TheRecord."MayGodblessallwhohelped.

TEN THE

OurCatholicSchoolsandColleges

CHFJ3TIANBROTHERS,MT.HENRY.

ONEOFTHEASSOCIATEDPUBLICSCHOOLSOFW.A.

AQUINASCOLLEGE

TELEPHONE:MU1520.

FORBOARDERSANDDAYSTUDENTS. BOYSADMITTEDFROM7UPWARDS.

BeautifullySituated,overlookingtheriver,nearthenewCanningBridge. ForParticularsapplyto-ThePrincipal,AquinasCollege,CanningParade,Mt.Henry

SACREDHEARTHIGHSCHOOL

HIGHGATE-PERTH.

(CONDUCTEDBYTHESISTERSNOTREDAMEDESMISSIONS). BOARDINGANDDAYSCHOOLFORGIRLS.

PUPILSPREPAREDALLEXAMINATIONS. MONTESSORISCHOOLFORYOUNGCHILDREN. ForProspectusapply

'Phone:B3810. REV.MOTHERPRIORESS.

LoretoConvent"Osborne'-Claremont BOARDINGANDDAYCOLLEGE.

TheSchoolprovidesasoundeducationonmodernlinesinallbranches ofstudy.Thepupilsarepreparedforallexaminations.TheSchoolis beautifullyottatedbetweenOceanandRiver,inextensivegrounds, withfineplayingfieldsandprivateSwimmingPoolinRiver.

Telephone:F2135. Apply- MOTHERSUPERIOR.

ST.ILDEPHONSUS'COLLEGE

NEWNORCIA

CONDUCTEDBYTHEMARISTBROTHERS.

Catholicboys,recommendedbytheirParishPriest,maybeenrolled nowforcommencementin1916.Earlieracceptanceis,unfortunately,impossible.

ForParticularsApplyto-THEBROTHERDIRECTOR.

PatroniseOurAdvertisers

D.HILL

WHOLESALEANDRETAILBUTCHER. NEWCASTLEROAD,MIDLANDJUNCTION.

Tel.118Midland. TRUSSEDPOULTRY.

PAINTIKGFORPERROTT-11-PERROTTFORPAINTING.

D.C.PERROTT 'PHONEB5548 10CAMILLILST.,NORTHPERTH.

PAINTINGCONTRACTOR

CONTRACTORTOTHELEADINGCONVENTS,COLLEGES.AND SCHOOLS.

WEAVER&LOCK

HIGHCLASSAERATEDWATERS WESPECIALISEINCORDIALS. SUBURBANROAD,SOUTHPERTH.

BASSENDEANBAKERY

N.LOVELOCK

BAKERANDPASTRY00071,ETC. 'TEL.:UL128. WESTROAD,BASSENDEAN.

A.

E.HANSENFamilyButcher 654ALBANYROAD,VICTORIAPARK.

OrdersCalledforandDeliveredDaily ATrialSolicited. Terms:CashWeekly. 'PHONEM1184ANDLETYOURPAYENVELOPELIVELONGER.

INTERNATIONALFISHERIES

FRESHFISHTWICEDAILY. 131BARRACKSTREET.

DELIVERIESANYWHERE. PHONEB2974

SupplierstoHospitals,Educational

Catholic Girls'Movement

HEADQUARTERSANDCLUB ROOMS:

BankofN.S.W.Chambers,65St. George'sTerrace(nearSherwood Court)-Rooms:7-10FirstFloor.

CALENDAROFACTIVITIES.

MASS:8antExposition,Benediction,545pm.,Thursday.

SHORTHAND:MondayandFriday, 5.15-620p.m.;TuesdayandFriday, 7-8p.m.

E.S.C.:8p.m.,Monday.

DANCE:WinnieWright's,Wednesdays,8p.m.

NURSES'PRAESIDIUM:8p.m., Tuesday.

CHOIR:8p.m.,Thursday.

ORCHESTRA:Friday,8p.m.

BRAILLE:Wednesday,8p.m.

LITURGY:Monday,8p.m.

DRESSMAKING:Wednesdays,7-9.30 pm.

l'EXPOSITION.

MassiscelebratedintheChapel everyThursdayat8a.m.,andExpositionoftheBlessedSacramentcontinuesduringthedayuntilBenedictionat5.54.Wearemostanxious thatasmanyofthegirlsaspossible andtheirfriendswillcomeupduring theday,particularlybetween9and11 CM.

FIRSTAIDCLASSES.

FirstAidstartsonMondaynight, February14,at7.'0p.m.attheSt. JohnAmbulanceRooms.Girlsenrollingkindlyhandintheirsubscriptionof5/6totheSecretaryofthe C.G.M.byThursday,February10.

LUNCHTIMETALK&

Continuingtheseriesoflunch-time. talks,MargaretO'Harawillspeakon "TheFunctionofMusic"onTuesday, February15,at1.20p.m.Thesetalks aremostinstructiveandinteresting, anditistobehopedthattheroom willbefilled.Don'tforget,youcan getacupofteaandhaveyourlunch whileyoulisten.

DANCES.

Theweeklydancesaregoingwitha swingnowtothetuneofbrightmusic playedbyHeatherDayandherlivelydrummer.Wewouldliketoremindthegirlstobethereearly,at8 o'clockifpossible,astheboysareon leaveearlytheseclay,,andtheyhave tohavepartners.Thelocation,WinnieWright'sStudio,PiccadillyArcade, Perth.Thetime,Wednesdayat8 P.m.

CANTEENSERVICE.

L.B.A.Group.

PhyllisDean:February18.

TownHall:February26.

PhyllisDean:March14.

TownHall:March22. C.G.M.Group.

TownHall:February17.

PhyllisDean:March5.

TownHall:March1.

Important:Undernocircumstances willagirlbeadmittedwithouta badge.

SHORTHAND.

Arrangementsarebeingmadefora newclasstobeheldfrom7to8p.m.. everyTuesdayandFriday.Evening classes,5.15to620,MondayandFriday,willcontinueasusual. Ititproposedtocommenceabookkeepingclassshortlyifsufficientmembersareinterested,andwewillbe pleasedtohearfromanymembers whowouldliketojoineitherofthese classes.

ForinformationregardingtheCatholicGirls'Movement,kindlyringBUM, orcallinattheClubRoomsanyweek dayalter10am.

CbirdOrderofSt.'Rads

OnFebruary2tookplacethe monthlymeetingoftheFranciscan Tertiaries.Rev.E.McBride,theDirectoroftheFraternity,gaveamost impressiVesermononPenance,asit shouldbepractisedbyaltruefollowersofSt.Francis,whocalledtheThird Orderthe"OrderofPenance."He exhortedallmemberstocarryout theirFounder'sdesire,moreespecially duringtheensuingseasonofLent. NextfollowedBenedictionoftheBlessedSacrament.

Thterestofthetimeofmeeting wasdevotedtobusiness.ItwasarrangedthattheThursdayluncheonsof theFranciscanClubshouldrecommenceinthefirstweekinMarch.The nextcouncilmeetingistobeheldat 8p.m.onWednesday,March1,inthe Clubpremises.

Therewillbechoirpracticeat2.30 p.m.beforefirstSundaymeetings,and membersareaskedtocomeearlyand learnnewhymns,etc.

Onlyonecollectionisnowmade,to includethefundfortheOrder,the bursaryfund,andtheCastledare needleworkguild,somembersareurgedtogiveatriplesumwhenpostible.

Therewasagoodattendanceand twoprospectivemembersaskedtojoin theFraternity.

Rulesforcardcompetitionshave beendrawnupandforwardedtoall branches.Thoseparticipatingmust completetheirtwonightsofplayand forwardresultstosecretaryofcouncil beforeApril30,whenfinalistswillbe announced.

Inter-branchcompetitionsthisyear havebeenarrangeddifferentlyowing tolackofballsandnecessaryequip. ment.Individualgameswillbe drawnforeachbranch,andthisseems apopularmove,asthoseinterestedin theparticularfixturecanvisitthe branchplaying.

Sr.JoyJakesisanewdelegatefrom Ilighg,ite,andwelcomeisextendedto thiskeenmember

Ik1,.rn!)els,pleasenote,nextmeeting ofcouncilwillbeheldonfirstFriday inMarch.

St.Mary'sBranch,LeedervMe.

Atthemeetingon2nd.inst.,Mr.B. M.Cavanaghwaselectedandwelcomed.Thebusinessconsideredwasof anextremelyinterestingnatureand bidsfairtocommenceanewepochin thesocialactivitiesofthebranchand ofthesociety.Themembersarealreadyworkingonitandinduecourse anannouncementonthisimportant matterwillbemade.AfterthemeetingonWednesdaynextthemembers willparticipateinthecardscompetitionbeingconductedbytheMetropolitanSocialCouncil,andafullattendanceisaskedfor.

MANDURAH.

MASSTIMETABLE.

Sunday,February20:Massat8am.

Wm.A.YOUNG FAMILYBUTCHER.

CornerJOHN&FITZGERALD STREETS,PERTH.

MEATYOU'LLLOVETOEAT. 'PhoneB1416. J.

factorsbeforetheThroneofGod. Thanksindeedforyouraidtothe Bushies. AUNTBESSY.

* * * * RosaBrook.

DearAuntBessy,-Ihavefilledin mytwoprickcardsandcollected5s. extra.Wearestartingschoolto-morrow.IhaveenjoyedtheChristmas holidaysverymuchandespeciallymy holidayatManjimup.Ihadalotof fruittoeatwhilethere.Afoxgot twoofourchickensyesterday.Could youpleasesendmeanotherprickcard? Iwillclosenow,asitisgettinglate.

DENISBRENNAN.

THE Bushies'Corner

DearCornerites,.-I'mdelightedtobe abletoreportthatthetricklehasbecomeatorrent-lettersandcashpouringinlikeinthegoodolddaysIhave beguntorepentwhatIsaidaboutthe winterhardeningyourhearts-perhapsit'syourpoorAunt'sheaditwill softeninstead.

TherearenoFeastsofspecialinterest thisweek,butitwillbeaswelltoremindyou,dearCornerites,thatitisnot alonelettersandmoneyandstamps thatkeeptheBushies'Schemealive andflourishing.Likeeveryothergood spiritualwork,itssourceandsupport isprayerandtheSacraments.If therewerenotgoodsoulswhoprayed forourworkintheHolySacrifice.of theMassofferedtheirHolyCommunionsandtheirprayersfortheCause,it wouldfailcompletelydespiteallwe mightdotokeepitgoing.

Themoralofthisreflectionisthat everyonecarthelptheBushies'work. Nooneistooyoungortooold,toopoor ortoosick.Idon'tcareastraw whetherpeoplehavethetimeorinclinationtowriteortogivemoneytothe Cause-therewillalwaysbeplentyof generouhearts-butIdowantevery Corneritetoprayregularlyforthe maintenanceandextensionofthe Scheme.

And,secondly,IthinkeveryCorneriteshouldbeanApostle.Youreally shouldtry,eachoneofyou,tobring atleastonenewfriendintotheCorner duringtheyear.Ifyoudothisyou willearntheblessingofGod,the prayersoftheBushies,andtheeternal gratitudeof AUNTBESSY, * * * *

DearAuntBetsy,-Pleaseacceptdonationof£1fortheL.B.Ibegprayers ofyourselfandtheyoungBushiesfor thehealthandwelfareofmythreesons. Wishingyoualltheverybestfor1944. Thankingyou.

AMOTHEROFTWOOFTHEOLD BUSBIES.

DearMotherofTwooftheOld Bushies,-ThecauseoftheBusbiesis seeminglyaswell-establishedtradition inyourhome,andIamsureyoucould nothavetaughtyourchildrenofabettercauseinMotherChurch.Your generousgiftwasverywelcome,and theBusbiesandmyselfthankyouand promiseyouandyourthreesonsremembranceofteninourprayers.May everyblessingbewithvoltall. AUNTBESSY.

LemonadeBottle

ACKNOWLEDGEDWITHTHANKS.

s.d.

Motheroftwooftheold Busbies 100

RR.WarSavingsCertificate 160

OnceaBushieW.S.C. 160

ALoverofSt.Anthony 100

DenisBrennan 100

AnAdmirer 100

Wellwisher 50

JosephSutherland 29

Forget-me-not 20

Mrs.W.Ryan 19

DearAuntBessy,-EnclosedWar SavingsCertificatefortheBushies,in thanksgivingforfavoursreecived. From "ONCEABUSHIE."

Dear"OnceaBushie,"-Manythanks indeedfortheWarSavingsCertificate. ItmakestheBushiesfeeltheyaredoing(orhelpingtoencourage)areal warjob.Youarethesecondtosend aW.S.C.thisweek,andIhavehopes thehabitwillspread.AgratefulcountrywillrewarduswithvictoryandOur Lord,Whosolovedthelittlechildren, willblessuswithabundantgraces.

AUNTBESSY.

DearMrs.Ryan,-Rebecca(that's theAccountant)hashandedmethe ch'ngefromyouraccount,forwhich Ithankyou.WecalltheAccountant th4tnamebecausesheismorewilling toreceivethantogive.Andthatis notablpsedcondition,howevernecessary,orbusiness.Despiteallher grumblings,however,Isuspectshehas asoftspotfortheBushies.

AUNTBESSY.

DearC.R.R,-Youwereverysly justpoppinginwiththeWarSavings Certificateandneverasingleword. ButitwasagrandgifttotheBushies andtoAustralia,andthankyouvery muchindeed.Ihavealwaystriedto encouragethistypeofgift,because itisadoubleblowstruck-'forGodand Australia.BesuretheBusbieswill rememberyouintheirprayers.

AUNTBESSY.

* * *

DearAuntBessy,-Enclosedplease findasmalloffering.inthanksgivingto St.Anthonyforafavourreceived. Wishingyoueverysuccess.From ALOVEROFST.ANTHONY.

DearLoverofSt.Anthony,-You havenotonlystarted-the1944Bushie Marathonwithahealthyforwardhandicap,butyouhavechosentorunwith thefavourite-St.Anthony.Theodds onyouwouldbeveryshortforyouare almostacertainty.(Pleasedon'tthink youroldAuntisa'depravedpunteronlythelanguageisracy).Hopeyou receivemanymorefavours,andthanks alot.

AUNTBUSY.

Wagin.

DearAuntBessy.-Enclosedyouwill find2s,fortheLemonadeBottle,in honouroftheHolySouls

FORGET-ME-NOT

DeaiForget-me-not,-Howcouldwe forgetyouwhodonotforgetthose whohavegoneaheadofusthroughthe gateofdeathintothenewlifeofGod. Iwouldliketoseeagreatmanymore CorneritesdevotedtotheHolySouls. Itisagreatcharity,fortheycannot helpthemselves:itisagreatinsurance, becausetheywillprayfortheirbene

T.VIVIAN, 143Rokebv-road,Subiaco. W1639. FORSEWERAGECONNECTIONS, W1639. BadWaterPressure,BrokenPedestal Pans,BlockedSewerDrains,Cistern andRoofRepairs,T.V.Headlight MaskstoApprovedDesign.

tiveis£200,butwithgoodfriendslike yourselfcominginrightatthestart,I amconfidentallwillbewell.Most races.theysay,arewonbyagood start,thoughwemustalsopersevere totheend. AUNTBESSY.

* * *

86Kalgoorlie-street,Mt.Hawthorn.

DearAuntBessy,-Iamreturning theprickcardwithapostalnotefor 2/6.Willyoupleasesendmeanother card.OnSundaywehadapicnicat SouthPerth.

JOSEPHSUTHERLAND.

DearDenis,-YouhavedoneawonderfuljobfortheBushies,andinsuch ashorttime,too!Weareallvery gratefultoyou.Youwillfindschool abithardatfirstafterthelovelylong holidayatManjimup.Howluckyyou weretohaveallthatfreshfruit.Ido hopeyoucatchthefox-whoisspoiling yourmeatration.Anothercardhas beensentandIhopeyouhaveluck withit.Lovefrom AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

DearAuntBessy,-Asmalldonation tothankSt.AnthonyforafavourreceivedandinhonouroftheLittle FlowerandMargaretSinclair.

ANADMIRER.

DearAdmirer,-Thanksalotforyour helptotheBushies.Iwasveryhappy tohaveSt.AnthonyandTheresewith usagain,butMargaretSinclair,valiant woman,wasespeciallywelcome.Our Catholicwomenoftheoutbackwould likeherverymuch-theirspiritsare soalike.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

NorthPerth.

Enclosedpleasefind5s.towardsthe Busbies'fund.Iamalsosendingyou aparcelofstampswhichIhopemay beuseful.Wishingthegoodwork everysuccess.

WELLWISHER.

DearWellwisher,-Thedonationand thestampswerealikewelcome,and thanksindeedforyourpracticalinterestintheCause.Thisyearwehave abigtaskaheadofus,astheObjec-

DearJoseph,-Manythanksforthe half-dollar.Theothercardhasbeen senttoyoupost-haste,andIhopeyou haveasmuchsuccesswithitaswith thefirstone.It'sgreattoseeous smallfriendssettingtheireldersa goodexamplebygettinginearly.Remembertheearlybird,foreventhough wemaynotbespeciallykeenon worms,hestillhasalessontoteach us. AUNTBESSY.

* *

DearAuntBessy,-Justasmallgift inhonourofSt.JosephandSt.Teresa, inthanksgivingforpassinginarecent examination. FAY.

DearFay,-Itwasverythoughtfulof youtomakesuchapracticalactof gratitudetoyourpatronSaintsthrough theBushies.I'mafraidit'salltoo humanafailinginmanyofustopray longandearnestlyforsomefavour, andwhenitisgrantedweforgetall aboutourmanners,anddon'tevensay "thankyou."Yetgratitudeisthe bestsentimentswithwhichtoapproach Godforfurtherfavours.Manythanks.

AUNTBESSY.

STOVES-Wood,Gas;newandtoed. Goodstockspaints,enamels,sprinklers, andtaps.Hassell's,559WellingtonSt.

29

CATHOLIC WOMEN'SLEAGUE

GeneralMeeting.

Thegeneralmeetingwillbeheldin theLeagueRoomsonMondaynext, February14,at8p.m.Membersare askedtobepunctual.

CanteenWork.

Thefollowingarethearrangements fortheCanteens:

PhyllisDeaneHall:Tuesday,February22;Saturday,March18.

TownHall:Thursday,March2. DunleavyHouse:Tuesday,February15.

AstheBarrackStreetBuffetisclosedforrepairs,memberswillnotbe requiredforworkthereonSunday, February13.

PATRONISEOURADVERTISERS.

KALGOORLIE

PresentatSt.Mary'sonSunday lastwasMr.PresidentDwyer,visiting theGoldfieldsinconnectionwiththe settlementofthe.woodlinestoppage.

Mr.W.Hegney,M.L.A.,acompanied byhisson,William,visitedthedistrictattheweek-end.

Mrs.GeorgeGrayandIrisareenjoyingamonth'sholidayatEsperance.

Mrs.Watson,ofHare-street,andher daughters,returnedfromPerthduringtheweek.

MissMenaCahillreturnedbySaturday'sexpressfromPerth.

H.A.C.B.S.

Thenextmeetingwilltakeplaceon Monday,February15,at7.45p.m. HolyNameSociety.

Memberswillbepresentmorning andeveningonSunday,February14, totakepartintheirmonthlydevotionsandmeeting.

J.C.HAMILTON,M.P.S.,PH.C. CONSULTINGCHEMIST.

197BRISBANESTREET PERTH.

PrescriptionsCarefullyandAccuratelyDispensed.CompleteStocksof PatentMedicines.CountryOrdersatCityPrices. 'PhoneB7923.

PHONEF2396-ONEQUALITY-THEBEST JAS.KIELY&SONS BEACHBAKERY FAIRLIGHTSTREET,MOSMiANPARK MaltandWholemealBreadaSpeciality.

"THESTOREOFQUALITY." 'Phone:F2198. STIRLINGHIGHWAY,MOSMANPARK. RHODES

ISONS GROCERS,IMPORTERS,WINEANDSPIRITMERCHANT. Goodsdeliveredtoanypartofthedistrict.

PEERLESSBREADMANUFACTURERS

145FITZGERALDSTREET,PERTH.

OurMotto:"QUALITYandSERVICE." Specialties-VIENNABREADandROLLS.

'Phone:B1041.

PrintingHousesofA.D.SCOTT FORFINEPRINTING

ServicePrintingCo.

CITYANDSURBURHANPKINTINGCO. LINOCRAFTPOSTERSTUDIOS.

RAINBOWHOUSE.U3-7HAYST.(EAST,PERTH

ServingAllColleges'PrintingRequirements. TelephoneB9901(3lines) Res.U2389

TROTTING Gloucester Park

SATURDAY,FEB.19&26,1944

R.N.PERCIVAL,Secretary

OBITUARY

THELATEMRS.MARYO'CONNOR.

AnoldandwidelyrespectedCatholic residentofFremantle,whohadlived thereforalmost50years,passedaway whenMrs.MaryO'Connordiedonthe 3rd.inst.atEastFremantle.Bornin Victoria,shecametothisStatein 1896.AparishionerofSt.Patrick's Church,Mrs.0ConnorwasactivelyassociatedwithChurchworkofalldescriptions.Herhomewasthecentre ofmanyactivitiesthroughthewideinterestsofherfamily.Hersons,Cyril andFrank,wereconnectedwiththe footballworld,theformerwiththe SouthFremantleLeagueClub,andthe latterforyearstheStatersleading Leagueumpire.Mrs.YenchandMrs. Munyard,daughters,havebeenactive inChurchworkandwomen'sorganisationsinFremantleanddistrict.

Mrs.O'Connorwasinfailinghealth forsomeyears.RequiemMasswas celebratedintheChurchoftheImmaculateConception,EastFremantle, onSaturday,5th.inst.,andwaslargely attended,agoodnumberapproaching theCommunionrails.

ThefuneraltookplaceintheFremantleCemetery,theRev.Father Hawes,0.1%.1I.,assistedbyVeryRev. T,Haugh,0.M.I.,Rev.J.O'Mahoney, andRev.FatherConway,O.M.I.,recitingthelastprayers.Rev.Brothers O'ConnorandRedmond,oftheC.B.C., Fremantle,andAquinasCollege,respectively,alsoattended.Thenumeroustelegramsandmessagesofcondolenceborewitnesstotheesteemin whichthedeceasedladywasheld. Maysherestinpeace.

OLDROSARIES

Wehavebeenaskedtoappealfoi oldorbrokenRosaries,forwhichthe ownershavenofurtheruse.Owing tothelackofsuppliesofreligiousob jects,themenintheForcesareoften obligedtogowithoutRosaries,Mis sals,etc.TheSistersoftheCarmel iteMonastery,Nedlands,haveoffered tomendoldorbrokenRosaries,which willbethendistributedtothetroops Rosariesandotherpiousobjects maybeleftc/oCatholicWelfareOrganisation, ChurchOffice, VictoriaSquare,Perth.

Mr.andMrs.R.Monaghan,of129 WellingtonStreet,EastPerth,wishto announcethatthemarriageoftheir daughter,DorothyMay,toCorporal BillWilson,ofEastDalwallinu,willbe solemnisedwithNuptialMassatSt. Mary'sCathedral,Perth,at10o'clock onFebruary19.

RacingSelections

By"TheHawk."

W.A.T.C.

Saturday,February12,1944. (BeforeAcceptances)

AidfulHandicap:Yodelon,1;Mah Jong,2:NewHue,3.

CityBeachHandicap:Yohada,1; Rivian,2;StarLad,3.

JandakotHandicap:Ocular,1; GoldPatois,2;Frangus,3.

SerpentineHandicap:Chelham,1; FlameLady,2;Aeditha,3.

FebruaryHandicap:BlondePrin-

DEATHS

,O'CO/Z/NOR.-Ofyourcharity,pray forthesoulofMaryO'Connor,who diedatFremantleonFebruary3, 1944,motheiofDoll(Mrs.Yench), William,Frank,Eva(Mrs.Munyard),RubyandSylvester;aged84 years. MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhersoul.

PALANDRL-Ofyourcharity,pray forthereposeofthesoulofAmadio FrankPalandri,whodepartedthis life,suddenly,atBusselton,onJanuary25,1944,lovinghusbandofAnnunziata,devotedfatherofJohn (P.O.W.,Germany),andInes,loved father-in-lawofGlad,grandadof John,MarkandDavid. RequiescatinPace.

44 INMEMORIAM 014

HELM,AnnTeresa.-Ofyourcharity, prayforthereposeofthesoulof ourdearmother,whodepartedthis lifeonFebruary15,1943,andon whosesoul,SweetJesus,havemercy.

-Insertedbyherlovingfamily.

HELM,AnnTeresa.-Inlo'vingmemoryofourdeargrandmother,who diedonFebruary15,1943. SweetHeartofJesus,havemercy onhersoul.

-InsertedbyJean,Pat,John,Gerard,BryanandDesmond.

McCLOSKEY.-Inlovingmemoryof MaryAgnesMcCloskey,whopassed awayFebruary15,1942,dearlyloved motherofKathleenandJohn. MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhersoul.

OLIVER.-Ofyourcharity,prayfor therepriseofthesoulofAlfred ErnestOliver,whodepartedthislife onFebruary14,1941.

Eternalrestgrantuntohim,0Lord.

O'SULLIVAN.-Ofyourcharity,pray forthehappyreposeofthesoulof mydearwifeandourmother,who departedthislifeatManjimup,February13,1940. 0SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhersoul.

Everrememberedbyher,lovinghusbandandchildren,Jack,Mary,Mick, Jim,Jule,PatandTom.

SCOTT.-AtributeoflovetothesacredmemoryofMolly,whodeparted thislifeonFebruary8,1937,beloved daughterofMaryandthelate WalterScott,sisterofDulcie, Stephen,'Phon,MerciaandGerald. Mayhersoulrestinpeaceisour constantprayer.

BOARDANDLODGING.

WantedBoard,withuseofgood piano,musicalstudent(lady),central. Urgent.ApplyStudent,thisoffice.

FORSALE.

Lady's"Swansea"Bike,allaccessories,practicallynew.£12cashornearestoffer.ApplyL.Tippett,40VinceatStreet,Mt.Lawley.

THEMARBLESAREREADY.

ThemarblesarereadyinthebarrelfortheNo.194bCharitiesConsultation.Getaticketto-dayandgive yourselfachancetowinthefirstprize of£2,000.Youneverknowyourluck.

TWELVE THERECORD.

Wednesday,rebmary9,1944.

Wednesday,

ChristianBrothers'College, St.George'sTerrace,Perth

(ContinuedfromPage4.)

Geography(d),Geometry,Chemistry (d),Physics(d),DrawingB.

DARLINGTON,Ralph:Algebra, Geography,Chemistry(d),Physics, DrawingB.

DAVIES,John:English,Arithmetic, Alkebra,Geography,Geometry,Chemistry(d),Physics,Bookkeeping,DrawingB.

DOWNIE,Leslie:Religion,English, Algebra(d),Geometry(d),Chemistry (d),Physics(d).

EHLERS,Frank:Religion(d),English,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geography, Geometry,Chemistry,Physics,DrawingB.

EHLERS,Harold:Religion,English (d),Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry, Chemistry,Physics(d).

FITZSIMONS,Noel:Religion(d), English(d),Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geography,Geometry,Chemistry Physics(d),DrawingB.

FURY,Thomas:Religion,English, Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry,Chemistry,Physics(d).

GELFI,Brian:Religion,English, Latin,Geography(d),Chemistry,Physics.

HANLEY,Alex.:Religion(d),English,Latin,Algebra,Geography(d), Geometry,Chemistry(d),Physics(d), DrawingB.

HARFORD,Kevin:English,Latin, Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry,Physics,Bookkeeping,DrawingB,Vocal Musk.

JEFFREY,Ray:Religion,English, Algebra,Geography,Geometry,Chemistry,Physics.

JOHNSTON,Kevan:English(d), Latin,Arithmetic(d),Algebra(d), Geography,Geometry,Chemistry(d), Physics,Bookkeeping,Drawing.

KEENAN,George:Religion,English,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geography, Geometry,Chemistry(d),Physics(d), Bookkeeping.

KENNERLY,Donald:Religion(d), English,Arithmetic,Algebra(d),Geography,Geometry,Chemistry(d),Physics(d),Bookkeeping.

LANDWEHR,Vernon:Religion,

English,Latin,Algebra,Geography, Chemistry(d),Physics.

LYNCH,Sydney:Religion,English, Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry, Chemistry(d)Physics,VocalMusic.

McCARTHY,John:Religion(d), English,Algebra(d),Geography(d), Geometry,Chemistry(d),Physics(dl, Bookkeeping.

McTAGGART,George:Religion, English,Arithmetic,Algebra,Chemis try,Physics,Bookkeeping.

MAYNARD,Keith:English,Latin, Geography,Chemistry,Physics,Bookkeeping.

MORRISSEY,Stan:Religion,English,Latin,Arithmetic,Geography, Chemistry,Physics,DrawingB.

PARAMOR,Neil:Religion,English, Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geography (d),Geometry,Chemistry(d),Physics, Bookkeeping(d),DrawingB.

SKINNER,Robert:Religion,English,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geography,Geometry,Chemistry(d),Physics(d),Bookkeeping,DrawingB.

WHITELY,Barry:Religion,English, Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra,Chemistry, Physics,VocalMusic.

WILCOX,David:Religion(d),English(d),Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra, Geography(d),Geometry(d),Chemistry(d),Physics(d),Bookkeeping, Drawing.

SIXTHGRADE.-

R.ANKETELL:Religion,English, Composition(d),Arithmetic(d),Mensuration(d),MentalArithmetic,History(d),Dictation(d),Geography (d),Writing,Science.

P.BYRNE:Religion,English,Composition,Arithmetic(dl,Mensuration, MentalArithmetic,History,Geography, Dictation(d),Writing,Science.

K.CASWELL:Religion,Composition,Arithmetic,Mensuration,Mental Arithmetic,History,Geography,Dictation,Writing,Science.

B.COOPER:Religion,English,Composition,Arithmetic,Mensuration,MentalArithmetic,History(d),Geography (d),Dictation(d),Writing,Science.

M.COX:Composition(d),Arithmetic,Mensuration,MentalArithmetic, thstory,Geography(d),Dictation, Writing,Science.

A.CROFTS:Religion(dl,Composition,Arithmetic,Mensuration(dl,MentalArithmetic,History(d),Geography, Dictation(d),Writing.

J.CURRAN:Religion,English,Composition,Arithmetic,Mensuration,MentalArithmetic,History,Geography, Dictation,Writing.

G.DARCY:Religion,English,Composition(d),Mensuration,History, Geography,Dictation,Writing,Science.

G.DOBSON:Religion(d),English, Compdsition(d),Arithmetic,Mensuration(d),MentalArithmetic,History, Geography(d),Dictation(d),Writing, Science.

J.DOYLE:Religion,Composition, Mensuration,MentalArithmetic,History,Geography(d),Writing,Science.

B.DYBALL:Religion,Composition, Mensuration,MentalArithmetic,History,Dictation,Writing,Science.

0.FITZGERALD:Religion,Composition,Arithmetic,Mensuration(d), History,Geography(d),Dictation (d),Writing,Science.

J.FRASER:Religion,English,Com position,Arithmetic,Mensuration(d), MentalArithmetic,History,Geography (d),Dictation,Writing,Science(d).

B.JACOBS:Religion,English,Composition,Arithmetic(d),Mensuration (d),MentalArithmetic,History,Geography(dl,Dictation(d),Writing, Science.

P.JERRAH:Religion,English,Composition,Arithmetic(d),Mensuration (d),History(d),Geography,Dictation 1d),Writing,Science.

P.JONES:Religion,English,Composition(d),Arithmetic(d),Mensuration(d),MentalArithmetic(d),History,Geography(d),Dictation(d), Writing(d),Science.

T.KANNIS:English,Composition (d),Arithmetic,Mensuration(d),MentalArithmetic(d),History(d),Geography,Dictation(d),Writing(d), Science.

W.McGRATH:Religion(d),Composition,Mensuration(d),MentalArithmetic(.d),History,Geography(d),Dictation,Writing.

W.MAPP:Religion,English,Composition,Arithmetic(d),MentalArithmetic,History,Geography,Dictation id),Writing,Science.

S.MATHER:Compostion,Arithmetic,Mensuration(d),MentalArithmetic,History,Geography,Dictation (d),Writing.

B.NOLAN:Religion,English,Composition,Arithmetic,MentalArithmetic,History,Geography(d),Dictation(d),Writing.

K.O'DONNELL:Religion,English, Composition,Arithmetic,Mensuration

(d),MentalArithmetic,History(dl, Geography(d),Dictation,Writing, Science,

P.O'DONOGHUE:Religion,English,Composition,Arithmetic,Mensura. tion(d),MentalArithmetic(d),History,Geography(d),Dictation(d), Writing,Science.

G.PATIENCE:Religion,English, Competition,Mensuration,Mental Arithmetic,History,Geography(d), Dictation,Writing.

R.SECOURABLE:English,Composition,Arithmetic,MentalArithmetic(d),Mensuration(d),History, Geography(d),Writing,Science(d).

J.SMITHSON:Religion,English, Composition,Arithmetic,Mensuration (d),MentalArithmetic(dl,History (d),Geography(d),Dictation(d), Writing,Science(d).

A.STAPLETON:Religion,Composition,Mensuration(d),MentalArithmetic,History,Geography,Dictation, Writing,Science.

R.SYMONS:Religion,English,Compoisition,Mensuration,History,Geography(d),Dictation(d),Writing.

K.TOWNING:Religion,English, Composition,Arithmetic,Mensuration (d),MentalArithmetic,History,Geography(d),Writing,Science.

K.TURNER:Religion,English, Composition,History,Dictation(d), Writing,Science. (d)afterasubjectmeansadistinction.

HotelandAccommodationGuide

OntheRoad to CityBeach,

'Phone:B3418.

WEMBLEYHOTEL

HOTEL

SOUTHTERRACE,FREMANTLF. BESTBRANDSSTOCKED. NewlyFornbhedThroughout. ALLWELCCNE. J.G.MULCAHY,Proprietor.

A.GREEN:Religion(d),English (d),Composition(d),Arithmetic(d), Mensuration(d),MentalArithmetic (d),History,Geography(dl,Dictation (d),Writing,Science(dl. J.HARRIS:Religion(d),English, Composition(d),Arithmetic,Mensuration,MentalArithmetic,History,Geography,Dictation,Writing,Science.

B.IVEY:Engltsh,Composition, Arithmetic,Mensuration(dl,Mental Arithmetic(d),History,Geography, Dictation,Writing,Science.

FirstClass Accommodation.

M.CRANLE1Proprietor. COUNTRY.

DUKEOFYORKHOTEL, NARROGIN. ReconditionedandRefurnished. NewLounge,DiningRooms, andCommercialRooms. ARTHURBOYLAN,Proprietor. (LateGeorgeHotel,Perth).

GOLDFIELDS.

RodBeaton's HANNAN'SHOTEL, HANNANSTREET, KALGOORLIE.

STAR&GARTERHOTEL, Cnr.HANNAN&NETHERCOTTSTS.,KALGOORLIE. BERTSTARR Proprietor.

'Phone19. Box124. AUSTRALIAHOTEL, KALGOORLIE.

C.T.A.andR.A.C.HOUSE. OneMinutefromSt.Mary's Church.

HotandColdWaterinHotel Bathrooms. RefrigerationThroughout. OnlyLock-UpGaragesinthe CentreofTown. M.J.DILLON,licensee

FREEMASONSHOTEL, TOODYAY.

ExcellentCuisine. AmaticeRefrigeratorInstalled. OldandNewFriendsare CordiallyWelcomed.

MRS.E.WING,Proprietress.

HOTEL PERTH.

JACKEDDINGTON, Proprietor.

EXCELLENT

FootComfortGuaranteed

BootsandShoes

667Hay

Ifnecessarywe. maketoorder.

PatroniseOurAdvertisers

ANew Homecraft at

Makeyourownaccessories frommaterialsofferinginFoy's newHomecraftSection.Here youmaypurchasespeciallyselectedskinsinsuitablelengthsfor bags,belts,dresstrimmings.cushions,tablecentres,etc.,atvery reasonableprices.Youwillfind thesematerialsdelightfullyeasy tomakeupandtheresultswill thrillyou.

Feltisanotherexcitingmedium thatoffersunlimitedscopefor youringenuity.Itisonsalein Foy'sHomecraftSectioninmany lovelycolours.Hereisagrand opportunityforyoutosave moneybymakingyourown Christmasgiftsthisyear.

aWHILE

Judge:"Yousayyouonlygaveyour opponentafewlighttapsandyethe saysthattheywerefearfullyheavy blows?"

Accused:"Howcanheknowwhen hebecameunconsciousafterthefirst blow?"

Tourist:"Dothosescarecrowssave yourcrops?"

Farmer:"Theyworkfirst-rate.You see,everytrampthatcomesalong crossesthefieldstoseeiftheclothes isworthstealin',w'ichtheyain't,and thatscaresthecrowsaway."

Theinspector,whohadjustreturnedfromtheIsleofMan,wasexaminingthegirls'classingeography.

"Canyoutellmewhatislandthere isofftheEnglishcoastwhichfrom itsnameyouwouldjudgetobeinhabitedbypeopleofthemalesex only?"

"Please,sir,theScillyIsles,"replied agirl.promptly.

* Amongthepeoplefilingintoanairraidshelterwasanoldman.Inone handhecarriedalong-handledshovel todealwithincendiaries,andunder theotherarmhehadanold-fashioned harp,presumablyforentertainment.

"Lumme!"saidonesheltererto another,"there'safellowwho'sbacked himselfbothways."

* * Aman,runningafteratramcar, pantedtotheconductor:"Howmuch tothestationfromhere?"

"Twopence."repliedtheconductor.

Themancontinuedtorun,andhavingcoveredanotherstretch,inquired breathlesslyoftheconductor:"How muchnow?"

"Threepence,"retortedtheconductor."Ye'rerunnin'thewrongway."

* * * Acertainindividualwascharged withbeingfoundonlicensedpremises duringprohibitedhours.According tothepolice,hehadgivenawrong nameandaddress,buttheyhadbeen successfulindiscoveringhiswhereabouts.Thedefencewassomewhat ingeniousandsmartlyconducted-up toacertainpoint.

"It'sapurecaseofmistakenidentity,"saiddefendant'ssolicitor."I havehereaphotographoftheman wantedbythesepolice.Myclientwas notinthehouseinquestionatall thatday,asyoumustadmit."

"That'sit,"interruptedthedefendant,"theymistooktheotherfellowfor me."

Therewasamoment'ssilence,after whichthemagistratesuddenlyasked:

"Whenthesergeantfoundyouwith theglassinfrontofyou,whydidyou notexplainthatyouwerenottheman wanted?"

"1did,"blurtedoutthedefendant! "buttheofficerlaughed."

Sodidthecourt.

MissSnipper:"IwonderifIshall losemylookstoowhenIgettobe yourage?"

MissSnapper:"Youwillbeveryfortunateifyoudo."

* *

Diggs:"I'vejustmetyourwife."

Biggs:"Isthatso?-Whatdidshe havetotalkabout,pray?"

Diggs:"Nothing."

Biggs:"Itwasn'tmywife!" * * *

"Grannie,whatisa'rackateer'?"

"Mydear,Isupposeoneofthese tennisprofessionals."

* * -

"It'sreallysurprising,oldchap,how womendrivesocarefully."

"Notatall.Why,man,mostof themhadyearsofpracticeatkeeping underthirty."

* * *

Wife:"John,whatisthedifference betweendirectandindirecttaxation?"

Hu'sband:"Why,thedifferencebetweenyouraskingmeformoneyand goingthroughmytrouserswhileI'm asleep."

"Onlyonethinghaskeptmydaughteroutoftheopera,"saidaproud mother.

"Yes,Iknow,"saidtheboredvisitor, wearily,_"I'veheardhersing."

Foreman:"HowisitWhitehasn't turnedupthismorning?"

Navvy:"Hemetwithanaccidentat hisweddingyesterday.Whenhe cameoutofthechurchhehadanarch ofcrossedpickstowalkunder.Just thenthebuzzerwentandhismates downedtoolsfromforceofhabit."

*

Itwasafirmrulewiththefamous music-hallmanagerthatheneversaw anyonewithoutanappointment.

Anambitiousperformerthoughthe'd foundawayroundthis,sohesentin anotefromtheinquiryoffice,describinghisturnandadding:

"Ibetyouadrinkyoudon'tsee me."

Inaveryfewmomentsbackcame hisnotewiththesefewwordsscribbledonit:

What'llyouhave?"

Landlord(onreceivinghalf-a-crown fromMrs.Murphy,histenantforrent!: "Isthatall?"

Mrs.Murphy:"Ain'tyousatisfied? Sure,myhusbandhadtoselltheyard gatetogetthat."

* *

Thehousewifehadanewcook,and onedaysheboughtsomeapplesand plums,andinstructedthegirltomake tarts.Enteringthekitchenlaterin theday,shesawsixtarts,eachbearing theletters"T.A."inking.

Thehousewifecomplimentedhercook onherskill,andinquiredthemeaning oftheletters.

"Well,ma'am,"saidBridget, thoughtyoumightgetmixedup,so themthreewith`T.A.'means"Tis Apples,'andtheotherthreewith 'T.A.'means"TaintApples',"

* *

*

Theshooting-tenanthadpackedall hisparaphernaliaandwasbidding good-byetohisheadghilliebeforereturningsouth.

He-noticedthat didnotappeartoappreciatethesizeofhispartingtip.

"Isn'tthatenough,then,Donald?" heasked.

"Oh,ay,sir,'answeredtheghillie readily,-ifsmorethanenough-ye ken,sir,it'sgenerous,but-" "Well,goon." "Iwasjustthinking,sir,thatIdid betterlastyearwhenyoushotme threetimes."

Magistrate(tomanaccusedofmisdemeanor):"Twopoundsorfourteen days."

Defendant:"I'lltakethemoney, yourworship."

Thelatestwickedlibelonanoble racebeginsintheusualwaywithfour menofmixednationalitiesgoinginto abar.TheAmericanstoodaround, theEnglishmanstoodaround,the Irishmanstoodaround,andtheScot stoodaround.

* * AstaffCaptainintheArmywasinspectingthewagonline's,inthecourse ofwhichhefoundoneBatterywas shortofameatsafe.

ReprimandingtheS.M.,hetoldhim tobesuretohaveoneforthenextinspection.Thegreatdayarrivedand theS.M.induecoursebroughttheofficertothemeatsafe.

"Isitflyproof?'askedthecaptain.

"Oh,yes,"saidtheS.M.

Onopeningthedoorabigflywas seeninside.

"Ah1"saidtheRedHat,"ifitisfly proof,howdidthatgetin?"

"That,"saidtheS.M.calmly,"isone Iputin,sir,toseeifitcouldgetout."

* * *

Blueycameintothequarter-master's storewithapairofboots.

"Soyouthinkthesebootsareworn out,"inquirecLthequarter-master.

"Toorightdo,"roaredBlue."Why everytimeIstandonatraybitIcan tellifitisheadsortails."

* * *

"Isay,oldman,"saidBrownconfidentiallytohisfriend,"ifIwereyou Iwouldn'tletyourwifegoroundsayingshemadeam4riofyou.You don'thearmywifesayingthat."

"No,"repliedtheothersnappily, "butIheardhertellingmywifethat shedidherbest."

ChristianBrothers'HighSchool,HiMote

metry,Geography,Physics(dl,Chemistry.

COLLINS,R.:Religion,Latin,Geometry,Chemistry.

CHESSON,B.:Religion,English, History,Latin,Algebra,Geometry, Physics,Chemistry.

CAMPBELL,J.:Religion,English, History,Latin,Algebra,Geometry(dl, Geography,Physics,Chemistry(d).

DWYER,J.:Religion,English,History,Latin(dl,Algebra(d),Geometry, Geography,Physics.

Algebra(dl,Geometry,Physics,Chemistry.'

HAMPSON,C.:English,History, Geography,Chemistry.

HALL,K.:Religion,English,History,Geometry,Geography,Chemistry.

HULLETT,A.:Religion(d),English (dl,History,Latin,Algebra(d),Geometry(dl,Geography(d),Physics, Chemistry(d).

HOLMES,F.:Religion,English, History,Chemistry.

CHRISTIANBROTHERS'SECOND YEARASSOCIATIONOFWA.

DISTINCTION:80percent.

BEETSON,G.:English,History, Geography,Bookkeeping,Physics.

BIGGS,R.:Religion,English,History,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry,Geography,Physics,Chemistry, Bookkeeping(d).

BOWLER,L.:Religion,English,History,Latin(d),Arithmetic,Algebra,

ClassLeaders 1943

Standing:E.WattFourth Grade),R.Finnegan(Third Grade),A.LePage(Leaving),J.Waldron(Sub-Junior),L.Finnegan(Sixth Grade).

Seated:RNeilson(Fifth Grade).J.Challis(Sub-Leaying),B.Foster(Junior),L. Addicoat(FiristYearJunior).

Geometry,Geography,Physics,Chemistry,Bookkeeping(d).

BURNS,W.:Religion,English,History,Geometry,Geography,Bookkeeping.

DAVIDSON,J.:Religion,English, History,Latind),Arithemtic,Algebra (dl,Geometry,Geography,Physics, Chemistry,Bookkeeping.

DODD,R.:Religion,English,History,Latin,Arithmetic(d),Algebra Id),Geometry(d),Geography,Physics (d),Chemistry,Bookkeeping.

DOUGLAS,F.:Religion,English, Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry, Geography,Bookkeeping.

ELLIOTT,M.:Religion,English, History,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra, Geometry,Geography.Physics,Chemistry,Bookkeeping.

FARMER,J.:Religion,English,History,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry,Geography,Physics,Bookkeeping.

FAULKNER,N.:Religion,English, Latin,Geometry,Geography,Bookkeeping(dl.

FINNEGAN,V.:Religion,English, (d),History,Latin(d),Arithmetic,Algebra(d),Geometry,Geography,Physics,Chemistry,Bookkeeping.

FITZGERALD,K.:Religion,English,History,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry.Physics,Chemistry, Bookkeeping(d).

GARDNER,P.:Religion,English(d), History(d),Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry,Geography(d),Physics, Chemistry(dl,Bookkeeping(dl.

LAKE,W.:Religion,History,English,Latin,Algebra,Geometry,Geography.Chemistry,Bookkeeping.

LYNCH,N.:Religion,English,History(d1,Latin(d),Arithmetic(d),Algebra(d),Geometry,Geography,Physics(d),Chemistry,Bookkeeping.

LYONS,J.:Religion,English,History(d),Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra, Geometry.Geography,Physics,Chemistry,Bookkeeping(d).

MATSON,A.:Religion,English,History,Algebra,Physics,Chemistry, Bookkeeping.

McCAUGHEY,K.:Religion,English,History(d),Latin(d),Algebra (d),Geometry,Geography,Physics, Chemistry(d),Bookkeeping(d).

MOYLE,D.:English,History,Algebra,Geometry,Physics,Chemistry.

OLIVER,J.:Religion,English,History,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geography, Physics,Chemistry,Bookkeeping.

RAVEN,L.:Religion,English,History,Latin,Algebra,Physics,Chemistry,Bookkeeping.

RICE,F..:English,History,Geography.

RUSSELL,C.:Religion,English,History,Algebra,Geometry,Geography, Phrsics,Chemistry,Bookkeeping.

FARRELL,P.:English,Latin(d), Arithmetic,Algebra(d(,Geometry, Geography.

FOLEY,D.:Religion,English,History,Latin,Algebra,Geometry,Physics,Chemistry.

GIBB,E.:Religion,English,Arith;netic,Algebra,Geometry,Physics, Chemistry.

GLAUDER,E.:Religion(dl,English,History,Arithmetic.Algebra(d),

JOHNSON,C.:Religion(d),English,History,Latin,Algebra,Geometry, Physics,Chemistry(d).

KELLY,P.:Religion,English(d), History(d),Latin,Algebra,Geometry (o),Geography,Physics(d),Chemistry(d).

KERRIGAN,G.:Religion,English (d),History,Latin,Arithmteic,Algebra,Geometry,Geography,Chemistry (dl.

LYNCH,M.:Religion,English,

RUSSELL,J.:Religion,English,History,Algebra,Geography,Physics, Bookkeeping.

RYAN,A.:Religion,English,History,Arithmetic,Algebra,Physics, Bookkeeping.

SINCLAIR,B.:Religion,English, Algebra,Geometry,Geography,Physics,Chemistry,Bookkeeping.

SMITH,N.:Religion,English,History,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry,Geography,Physics,Chemistry, Bookkeeping.

TAYLOR,N.:English,History, Latin,Arithmetic(dl,Algebra,Geometry(d),Geography(dl,Physics (d),Chemistry,Bookkeeping.

WALDRON,J.:Religion,English, History(dl,Latin(d),Arithmetic,Algebra(dl,Geometry(d),Geography (d),Physics,Chemistry(d),Bookkeeping.

WOODTHORPE,T.:Religion,English,History,Latin,Algebra,Geometry, Geography,Physics,Chemistry,Bookkeeping.

CHRISTIANBROTHSRS'FIRST YEARASSOCIATIONOFW.A.

Albrecht,F.:ReligionId),English (d),History,Latin(dl,Arithmetic, Algebra(d),Geometry,Physics,Chemistry.

ALLPIKE,N.:English,Latin,Algebra,Geometry.

ACKLAND,G.:History,Latin,Algebra,Geometry,Geography,Chemistry.

ADDICOAT,L.:English(T),History(dl,Latind),Arithmetic,Algebra(d),Geometry(d),Geography, Physics(d),Chemistry(d).

BRACKENREG,M.:English(dl, History,Latin(d),Arithmetic,Alge. gra(d).Geometry(d),Geography, Physics(dl,Chemistry(dl.

BURNS,R.:Religion,English,History,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry,Physics,Chemistry.

BIGNELL,S.:Religion,English(d), History(d),Latin(dl,Arithmetic,Algebra(dl,Geometry(d),Geography, Physics(d),Chemistry(d).

BURGE,J.:English,History,Latin, Algebra(d),Geography,Physics(d), Chemistry.

BLAKELEY,T.:English,History, Latin,Arithmetic,.Algebra(d),Geo-

Geometry,Geography,Physics,Chemistry.

GARDNER,'S.:Religion,English, history,Algebra,Geometry,Geography,Chemistry.

GUILER.:Religion,English,Latin,

Latin,Algebra(dl,Geometry,Geography,Physics(dl,Chemistry(d).

LEE,D.:English,History,Latin, Geometry,Chemistry.

McEWEN,S.:Religion,English(dl, (ContinuedonBackCover.)

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BIINBURY.

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Christian

(ContinuedfromPage15.1

History,Latin,Algebra,Geometry(d), Physics,Chemistry(d).

MURPHY,D.:Religion(d),English, History,Algebra(d),Geometry,Geography,Physics,Chemistry(d).

MASEL,L.:English,History,Albebra,Geometry,Physics.

MACKAY,M.:English,Latin,Geo. metry,Physics,Chemistry.

NIZZiOLA,E.:Religion(d),English, History,Algebra(d),Physics,Chemistry.

O'MARA,F.:Religion(dl,English (d),History,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra(d),Geometry(dl,Geography, Physics(d),Chemistry(d).

O'NEILL,B.:Religion,English,History,Algebra(d),Geometry,Geography,Physics,Chemistry.

PICKLES,M.:Religion,English(d), History,Latin,Arithemtic,Algebra (d),Geometry,Geography,Physics (d),Chemistry(d).

PASSARIS,R.:English,History, Latin,Geometry,Physics,Chemistry (dl.

LEPAGE,A.:Religion,English, History,Arithmetic,Algebra(d>,Geometry(d),Physics(d),Chemistry(d).

PAXMAN,B.:Religion,EnglishId), History(dl,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra(d),Geometry(d),Geography, Physics(d),Chemistry(d).

PURVES,N.:Religion,English(d), History,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry,Geography,Physics,Chemistry (d).

RICHARDSON,H.:English,History,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra(d), Geometry,Chemistry.

Brothers'HighSchool,

RYAN,L.:Religion(d),English, History,Latin,Algebra,Geometry, Geography.

RHODES,T.:Religion,History, Latin,Algebra,Geography,Physics, Chemistry(d).

SMITH,K.:Religion,English,History,Chemistry.

SYMONS,P.:Religion,English,His. tory(d),Latin,Geometry,Geography, Physics,Chemistry(d).

TOBIN,B.:Religion,English(d), History,Latin,Algebra(d),Geometry (dl,Geography,Physics,Chemistry.

WILSON,B.:Religion(d),English (d),History,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra(d),Geometry,Physics,Chemistry (d),Bookkeeping.

CHRISTIANBROTHERS'PRIMARYSCHOOLSASSOCIATIONOF SIXTHGRADEEXAMINATION. ANDERSON,D.:Compos.,Mens., Writing.

ANGUS,R.:Religion,Eng.,Compos. Id),Arith.,Mens.,Dict.,Writing. AUGUSTINE,R.:Religion,Compos., Arith.,Mens.,Hist.,Writing. BARRINGTON,B.:English,Cornpos.(dl,Arith.(d),Mens.(d),M. Arith.,History(d),Geog.,Dict.,Writing,Science.

BATCHELOR,A.:English,Compos., Meris.(d),M.ArithDict.,Writing. BROOKS,C.:Religion(d),Eng.(dl, Compos.(d),Arith.(d),Mens.(d),M. Arith(dl,Hist.,Geog.,Dict.(d),Writing,Science.

GoldfieldsSection

BUCHANAN,W.:Compos.,Arith., Mens.,M.Arith.(d),Geog.,Writing (d),Scienc.3.

CARRIGG,J.:Religion(d),English(d),Compos.,Arith.(d),Mens. (d),M.Arith.,Hist.,Geog.,Dict.(d), Writing.

CALLAGHAN,C.:Religion,English, Compos.,Arith.,Mens.,Mental,Dict., WritingId),Science.

CALLAGHAN,R.:Compos.,Mens., (d),M.Arith.,Writing.

CHARLES,J.:Religion(d),English (d),Compos.(d),Arith.,Mens(di, M.Arith.,Hist.,Geog.(d),Dict.(dl, Writing,Science(d).

CONNEL,F.:Religion,English,Cornpos.,Arith.(d),Mens.,(dl,M.Arith. (dl.Geog.(d),Dict.(d),Writing(cil

DONOVAN,J.:Religion,Eng.,Com. pos.,Arith.,Mens.(d),M.Arith.(d), Geog.(d),Dict.(d),Writing(dl. DORRIES,P.:Religion,Compos., ArithWriting,Science.

ELSEGOOD,R.:Religion,Compos., Arith.,Mens.,M.Arith.Hist.,Dict., Writing.

FENTON,J.:Religion,Compos.,M. Arith.,Hist.,Geog.,Dict.(dl,Writing (dl,Science.

FINNEGAN,L.:Religion,English (dl,Compos,Arith,,Mens.(d),M. Arith.,Hist.,Geog.(d),Dict.(d), Writing(dl,Science.

BARRON,K.:Religion(d),English, Compos.,Arith.,Mens.(dl,History, Geog.,Dict.(dl,Writing

FARMER,K.:Religion,English, Compos.,Arith.,Mens.(d),M.Arith., Hist.,Geog.,Dict.,Writing,Science.

GIBSON,L.:Compos.,Arith.,Mens. (dl,M.Arith.,Hist.,Dict.,Writing.

HEALES,D.:English,Compos., Arith.(d),Mens.(dl,M.Arith.(d), Hist.,Grog.,Dict.,Writing,Science.

KIERAN,B.:Religion,Compos., Arith.,Mens(dl,M.Arith(dl,Dict. (dl,Writing,Science.

KING,R.:English,Compos.(d), Arith.Id),Mens,M.Arith.,Hist., Geog.,Dict.,Writing.

LAUDEHR,N.:English,Compos.. Arith.,Men.,Geog.,Writing,Science. LEE,J.:Religion,English,Compos.. Geog., (dl,Writing.

LITTON,G.:Religion,Compos., Diet..Writing.

LYNCH,W.:Religion,Compos, Arith.,Meas.(dl,Hist,Geog.,Dict Writing.

Highgate

LYNCH,L.:Religion(dl,English (dl,Compos.,Arith.,Merits.(d),M. Arith.,Hist.,Writing,Science. McAUL1PFE,F.:Religion,English, Compos.(d),?dens.,Htst.,Geog,Dict. (d),Writing,Science. McGURK,P.:Religion,English, ComposMens.(d),M.Arith.,Geog. (dl,Dict.(d),Writing,Science.

MICHAEL,D.:Religion,Campos., Mens.(dl,M.Arith.,Hist.,Geog.(d), Dict.,Writing(dl. MORGAN,F.:Compos.,M.Arith., Hist.,Geog.,Dict.,Writing,Science. MURRAY,I.:Religion,English, Compos.,Arith.,Mena.,Geog.(dl, Dict.(d),Writing. NAUGHTON,C.:Religion,Compos Writing.

NELSON,K.:Religion(dl,English, Compos..Arith.,Mens.(d),M.Arith., Geog.(d),Dict.(dl,Writing(d). O'NEILL,D.:Religion,English,Compos.,Mens..,M.Arith.,Geog.,Dict.(dl, Writing. "

PITTS,J.:Religion,English,Compos. (d),Arith.,Mens.,Geog.,Dict.,Writing.

POLGLAZE,F.:Religion,English, Compos.,Arith.,Mens.(d),M.Arith., Dict.,Writing.

RANDALL,J.:English,Compos (dl,Arith.(d),Mens.(d),M.Arith. (d),Hist.,Geog.(d),Dict.,Writing (d),Science.

SKIPWORTH,I.:Religion,English, Compos.(d),Arith.(dl,Mens.,M. Arith.(dl,Hist.,Geog.,Dict.,Writing (d).

SLATTERY,P.:Religion,English, Compos.,Arith.(d),M.Arith.,Hist., Geog.,Dictation(d>,Writing.

SILVERLOCK,G.:Religion,English,Compos.(d),Arith.,Mens(dl. Dict.,Writing,Science.

TAYLOR,T.:Religion,English,Cornpos.(d),Arith.(dl,Mens.(dl,M. Arith.(d),Hist,Geog.,Dict.,Writing, Science. WATSON,5..Religion,Compos.(d), Dict.,Writing,Science.

WILLIAMS,B.:English,Comp°, (d),Dict.,Writing. STEELE,C:Compos.,Arith.(d), \lens.(dl,M.Arith.(d),Dict.,Writ inz,Science.

GOODNEWS.-LatestEnamelGas andWoodStoves,newandsecondhand. W.A.StoveCo.,WellingtonSt.B&W. IrishNationalForestersBenefitSociety

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Christian

(ContinuedfromPage15.1

History,Latin,Algebra,Geometry(d), Physics,Chemistry(d).

MURPHY,D.:Religion(d),English, History,Algebra(d),Geometry,Geography,Physics,Chemistry(d).

MASEL,L.:English,History,Albebra,Geometry,Physics.

MACKAY,M.:English,Latin,Geometry,Physics,Chemistry.

NIZZOLA,E.:Religion(d),English, History,Algebra(d),Physics,Chemtty.Je

O'MARA,F.:Religiog(d),English (d),History,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra(d),Geometry(d),Geography, Physics(d),Chemistry(d).

O'NEILL,B.:Religion,English,History,Algebra(d),Geometry,Geography,Physics,Chemistry.

PICKLES,M.:Religion,English(d), History,Latin,Arithemtic,Algebra (d),Geometry,Geography,Physics (d),Chemistry(d).

PASSARIS,R.:English,History, Latin,Geometry,Physics,Chemistry (d).

LEPAGE,A.:Religion,English, History,Arithmetic,Algebra(d),Geometry(d),Physics(d),Chemistry(d).

PAXMAN,B.:Religion,English(d), History(d),Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra(d),Geometry(d),Geography,Physics(d),Chemistry(d).

PURVES,N.:Religion,English(d), History,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry,Geography,Physics,Chemistry (d).

RICHARDSON,H.:English,History,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra(d), Geometry,Chemistry.

Brothers'HighSchool,

RYAN,L.:Religion(d),English, History,Latin,Algebra,Geometry, Geography.

RHODES,T.:Religion,History, Latin,Algebra,Geography,Physics, Chemistry(d). SMITH,K.:Religion,English,History,Chemistry.

SYMONS,P.:Religion,English,His. tory(d),Latin,Geometry,Geography, Physics,Chemistry(d).

TOBIN,B.:Religion,English(d), History,Latin,Algebra(dl,Geometry (d),Geography,Physics,Chemistry.

WILSON,B.:Religion(d),English (d),History,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra(d),Geometry,Physics,Chemistry (dl,Bookkeeping.

CHRISTIANBROTHERS'PRIMARYSCHOOLSASSOCIATIONOF W.A.

SIXTHGRADEEXAMINATION.

ANDERSON,D.:Compos.,Mens., Writing.

ANGUS,R.:Religion,Eng.,Compos. (dl,Arith.,Mens.,Dict.,Writing.

AUGUSTINE,R.:Religion,Compos., Arith.,Mens.,Hist.,Writing.

BARRINGTON,B.:English,Compos.(d),Arith.(d),Mens.(d),M. Arith.,History(d),Geog.,Dict.,Writing,Science.

BATCHELOR,A.:English,Compos, Mens.(dl,M.Arith., BROOKS,C.:Religion(dl,Eng.(dl, Compos.(d),Arith.(d),Mens.(d),M. Arith(d),Hist.,Geog.,Diet.(d),Writing,Science.

GoldfieldsSection

BUCHANAN,W.:Compos.,Arith., Mens.,M.Arith.(d),Geog.,Writing (d),Science.

CARRIGG,J.:Religion(d),English(d),Compos.,Arith.(d),Mens. (dl,M.Arith.,Hist.,Geog.,Diet.(d), Writing.

CALLAGHAN,C.:Religion,English, Compos.,Arith.,Mens.,Mental,Dict., Writing(d),Science.

CALLAGHAN,R.:Compos.,Mens., (dl,M.Arith.,Writing.

CHARLES,J.:Religion(d),English (d),Compos.(dl,Arith.,Mens.(d>, M.Arith.,Hist.,Geog.(d),Diet.(d). Writing,Science(d).

CONNEL,F.:Religion,English,Cornpos.,Arith.(d),Mens.,(d),MArith. (dl,Geog.(d),Dict,(d),Writing(cll

DONOVAN,J.:Religion,Eng.,Compos.,Arith.,Mens.(d),M.Arith.(d), Geog.(d),Dict.(d),Writing(dl.

DORRIES,P.:Religion,Compos., Arith.,Writing,Science.

ELSEGOOD,R.:Religion,Compos., Arith.,Mens.,M.Arith.Hist.,Dict., Writing.

FENTON,J.:Religion,Compos.,M. Arith.,Hist.,Geog.,Dirt.(dl,Writing (d),Science.

FINNEGAN,L.:Religion,English (d),Compos,ArithMens.(d),M. Arith.,Hist.,Geog.(d),Diet.(d), Writing(dl,Science.

BARRON,K.:Religion(d),English, Compos.,Arith.,Mens.(d),History, Geog.,Dict.(dl,Writing

FARMER,K.:Religion,English, Compos.,Arith.,Mens.(d),M.Arith., Hist.,Geog.,Diet.,Writing,Science.

GIBSON,L.:Compos.,Arith.,Mens. (d),M.Arith.,Hist.,Dict.,Writing.

HEALES,D.:English,Compos., Arith.(d),Mens.(d),M.Arith.(d), Hist.,Geog.,Diet.,Writing,Science.

KIERAN,B.:Religion,Compos., Arith.,Mens.(d),M.Arith(d),Diet. (dl,Writing,Science.

KING,R.:English,Compos.(d), Arith.(d),Mens,M.Arith.,Hist., Geog.,Dict.,Writing.

LAUDEHR,N.:English,Compos., Arith.,Men.,Geog.,Writing,Science. LEE,J.:Religion,English,Compos., GeogDiet.(dl,Writing.

LITTON,G.:Religion,Compos., Diet.,Writing.

LYNCH,W.:Religion,Compos., Arith.,Mens.(d),Hist.,Geog.,Diet., Writing.

Highgate

LYNCH,L.:Religion(dl,English (d),Compos.,Arith.,Merin.(d),M. Arith.,Hist.,Writing,Science. McAUL1FFE,F.:Religion,English, Compos.(d),Mens.,Hist.,Geog.,Diet. (d),Writing,Science.

McGURK,P.:Religion,English, Compos.,Mens.(d),M.Arith.,Geog. (d),Diet.(d),Writing,Science. MICHAEL,D.:Religion,Compos., Mens.(dl,M.Arith.,Hist.,Geog.(d), Diet.,Writing(dl. MORGAN,F.:Compos.,M.Arith., Hist.,Geog.,Diet.,Writing,Science. MURRAY,I.:Religion,English, Compos.,Arith.,Mens.,Geog.(d), Diet.(d),Writing. NAUGHTON,C.:Religion,Compos., Writing.

NELSON,K.:Religion(d),English, Compos..Arith.,Mens.(dl,M.Arith., Geog.(d),Diet.(d),Writing(d).

O'NEILL,D.:Religion,English,Cornpos.,Mens..,M.Arith.,Geog.,Diet.(d), Writing.

PITTS,J.:Religion,English,Compos. (d),Arith.,Mens.,Geog.,Diet.,Writing.

POLGLAZE,F.:Religion,English, Compos.,Arith.,Mens.(d),M.Arith., Diet.,Writing.

RANDALL,J.:English,Compos. (d),Arith.(d),Mens.(dl,M.Arith. (d),Hist.,Geog.(d),Diet.,Writing (d),Science.

SKIPWORTH,I.:Religion,English, Compos.(d),Arith.(d),Mens.,M. Arith.(d),Hist.,Geog.,Diet.,Writing (d).

SLATTERY,P.:Religion,English, Compos.,Arith.(d),M.Arith.,Hist., Geog.,Dictation(d),Writing.

SILVERLOCK,G.:Religion,English,Compos.(d),Arith.,Mens.(dl, Diet.,Writing,Science.

TAYLOR,T.:Religion,English,Cornpos.(d),Arith,(d),Mens.(d),M. Arith.(d),Hist.,Geog.,Dict,Writing, Science. WATSON,J.:Religion,Compos.(dl, Diet.,Writing,Science.

WILLIAMS,B.:English,Compos. (d),Diet.,Writing.

STEELE,C.:Compos.,Arith.(dl, Mens.(d),M.Arith.(d),Diet.,Writing,Science.

GOODNEWS.-LatestEnamelGas andWoodStoves,newandsecond-hand. W.A.StoveCo.,WellingtonSt.B8307.

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HONORARYMEMBERSHIPOPENTOALLMENANDWOMENOF IRISHBIRTHORDESCENT.

WRITEFORPARTICULARS.JAS.DWYER,GeneralSecretary, 17CarnarvonSt,VictoriaPark.

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