The Record Newspaper 22 July 1943

OutlinedbyFranciscanFather

*MaryintheVisionofElias900YearsB.C.

CarmeliteMonasticismUndertheOldandNewDispensations

*MissionofThereseofLisieux intheModernWorld

TheFeastofOurLadyofMount CarmelwascelebratedattheCermeliteMonastery,Dalkieth,onFriday last.

SolemnHighMasswasofferedat9.30 a.m.,atwhichHisGracetheArchbishoppresided,assistedbyVeryRev. FatherMossandRev.FatherBernard, O.S.B.Rev.FatherVawdrey,O.F.M., wasthecelebrant;RevFatherde Piazzi,thedeacon;andRev.Father Nolan,thesub-deacon.Rev.Father McGillicuddywastheassistant-priest, andRev.FatherRaffertyMasterof Ceremonies.

At3.30p.m.,theoccasionalsermon -a waspreachedbyRev.FatherVawdrey, O.F.M.ThenfollowedBenedictionof theBlessedSacramentandthevenerationoftherelicofSt.SimonStock.

Preachingfromthetext,"Iwilllead herintothewilderness,andthereI willspeaktoherheart,"FatherVawdreysaid:

To-day,mydearbrethren,wehave gatheredhereinNedlandstohonour Maryunderthetitleof"OurLadyof Mt.Carmel."Whilethisisoneof Mary'smostwidelyknownandbest lovedtitles,itisbyfartheoldest,becauseMarywasknownandlovedas QueenofCarmel900yearsbeforeshe wasborn.Itseemsastonishingthat Marycouldbeknownsolongbefore Godgavehertotheworld,andyet itwasso.

Carmelisamountaintothenorth ofPalestine.To-day,Carmelhaslost muchofitsformerloveliness,butin OldTestamenttimes,itwasofsurpassingbeauty.Itisreallyapromontory,whichrisessteeplyfromtheMediterraneantosome600feet.Itssummitwascrownedwithoakandpine trees.Itsslopeswererichwitholive andorangegroves,whichcasttheir shadowsonthecrystallinestreams whichgushfromthemountain'sfoot, andflowersofrichesthueandperfume spattereditsverdantslopes.

ItwasonthesummitofCarmel900 yearsbeforethebirthofChrist,that aholyman,aprophet,layprostrate inprayer.HewasbeseechingGodto

havemercyonHispeopleandenda droughtwhichhaddevastatedIsrael forsevenyears.Inallthattimenot somuchasadew-drophadfallenon theparchedland.AsEliasprayed -forEliaswastheprophet'snameatinycloud,nobiggerthanaman's hand,rosefromthebluewatersofthe Mediterranean.Rapidlyitgrew untilitcoveredtheentireheavens. Thenfromthecloudfelltorrentsof cool,refreshing,life-givingrainonthe dyingcountry.Now,whiletheprophet'scompanionandthepeopleof Israelsawonlyacloud,Eliassawa visionfarmoreentrancing.Inthe fullclarityofmysticlight,hesawin thatcloudanimageofMaryImmaculate,thevirginMotherofGod-asyet unborn.Andthatimageneverfaded fromMountCarmel.

Inhislifeandpersonality,Eliasso eloquentlyexpressesthespiritand idealsofCannel,thatwewillsee somethingmoreofhiscareer.Eliasappearedrathersuddenlyonthestageof history.Whenwefirstmeethim,he hasjustreceivedadifficultanddangerouscommissionfromGod.

Inthetimeoftheprophet,there ruledacivilandruthlesskingnamed Achab.ThisAchabisoneofthe mostunscrupuloustyrantsinhistory. Hewouldnothesitateinstantlytodestroyanyonewhoopposedhiswillin theslightestdegree.Comparedto Achab,ourmodernHitlersandMussolinisaremerechildren.

AndEliaswassentbyGodtoupraid Achabforhiscrimesand'sins.We wouldnaturallyexpecttolearnthat Eliadfaltered,atleastmomentarily,on receivingthiscommand.Andyethe didnothesitate.Hewentimmediatelytotheking,andcalledhimthe blackguardandvillianhewas.Further,hethreatenedAchabandtheentirenationwithpunishment.

Beforeallandaboveall,Eliaswas amanofprayer,ofcontemplation.It wasinthelonghoursofcommunion withGodthatEliasfoundthatgreatnessofsoulwhichmadehislifestory sospectacular.TheHolySpirit,

Anygoodssenttocountrynotsatisfactorywepayfreight.

Ourmottois:"WeSaveit;wewill getit,oritcannotbehad."

THELITTLEFLOWERthirtycenturiesafterElias,butlike himwithamissionfromGod. speakingthroughtheinspiredwriter, saysofthetrulyprayerfulsoul:"Iwill leadherintothewilderness,andthere Iwillspeaktoherheart."Whatmarvellousintimacies.Godwhisperedtothe heartofEliasonCarmelissomething wecannotevenimagine.Thiswe know,thatbecauseEliassurrendered himselfsocompletelytotheactionof divinegrace,andwassodominatedby theSpiritofGod,theAlmightymanifestedhispowerthroughtheprophet innumerousways.

Duringthelongcenturieswhich stretchedbetweenEliasandthecomingofChrist,aconstantstreamof holysouls,burningwithloveofGod, soughtrefugeontheholymountainof Carmel.Theretheyfound,insolitude andsilence,theunionwithGodfor whichtheywereathirst.Andeverbeforetheirwonderingandlovingeyes, thevisionoftheVirgintocome;that visionwhichEliashadbequeathedto hisspiritualsons.FromtheverybeginningMarywasQueenofCannel.

Theholinessofthatholymountain wasbutafaintreflectionofthebeauty ofvirtuewhichflourishedthen.The

aromaofflowerswhichperfumedthe theeveningairaboveCarmelwasbut afaintcounterpartofthatstreamof prayerwhichroseconstantly,likeintense,beforethethroneoftheAllHoly.

Withthepassageoftime,thepeople ofIsraelconceivedadeepveneration fortheholymonksofCarmel,andit becamethecustomtomakepiouspilgrimagesthereongreatfestaldays.

WhenOurLadywasalittlegirl,the homeofJoachimandAnnewasbuta shortdistancefromCannel,anditis certainthatMaryvisitedtheMonksof Carmelincompanyofherholyparents. Themonkswouldhardlyrecognisein thislitlegirltheVirginofElias'gloriousvision.

Thereisanancienttraditionthat, whenJesuswasreturningwithMary andJosephfromEgypt,theyvisited theMonksofCarmel.AsNazareth, whereJesusgrewup,wasbutaday's journeyfromCarmel,wecanbesure thattheHolyFamilywentwithother piousIsraelitesonpilgrimagestoCarmel.DuringtheyearsofHispublic life,JesusjourneyedtoandfrothroughoutPalestineand,always,CarmellookeddownonthesceneofHiswanderings. TheearthlylifespanoftheMan-God passedrapidly.Cameatlasttheday ofHisAscensionintoHeaven,followed eightdayslaterbyPentecost,when theHolySpiritdescendedonthe Apostlesintheformoftonguesof flame.Burningwithzeal,theApostlesanddiscipleswentforthtopreach ChristCrucified.Inthevastcrowd whichlistenedwithamazementwhile theApostlespreachedindiverstongues,wasagroupofmonksfromCarmel.TheyhadcometoJerusalemfor thePassoverandwereamongthe 3,000baptisedthatday.OnreturningtoCarmeltheybroughttotheir fellowmonksthestoryofChristand Hisredemption.Themonkseagerly embracedtheFaith,andthelifeoflove andprayeronCannelwenton,notin thedawnlightofprophesy,butinthe fullnoonoffulfilment.

Wewouldexpectthattheholymen ofCarmelwhohadsolongedforthe comingofMarywouldbeferventin theirdevotiontotheMotherofGod. This,indeed,wasthecase.Itisdo recordthatthefirstshrineerectedin Mary'shonourintheChristianworld

(ContinuedonPage11.)

THESHOPFORBETTERSERVICE.

*theCatholicAnswer

WhyCatholicsCannot JoinProtestantsinPrayerand

ReligiousServices

DidChristallowonegroundforDivorce?

.. IsChristianityIneffectiveasRegardstheMassofMen

AbsoluteVictoryOver SinonEarthisPossible

Sceptic,Leederville:

Q.:''Whydon'tCatholicChurchestake anypartinofficialAnzacDayservices?"

A.:IhavealreadyexplainedwhyCatholicsmustnotassistatnon-Catholic religiousservices.Thereasonisout ofloyaltytoChrist.Now,withregardtoofficialAnzacDayservices,Catholicsarejustaseagerastheirfellow Australianstohonourthememoryof thosebravemenwhosesacrificeiscommemoratedonAnzacDay.Theyare proudtomarchintheimpressiveparadeofVeteransandServicementhat constitutestheciviccelebrationofthe anniversary,butsincethisusuallyterminatesinareligiousceremony,Catholicsonprinciplecantakenopart insuchaceremony.Insteadthey markthereligiouscelebrationofAnzac Daywithsolemnceremoniesintheir ownChurch.

ThewholequestionofCatholicabstentionfromthepublicreligiouscommemorationofAnzacDaywouldnot ariseiftheceremoniesweremerely civicincharacterandconfinedtothat, butitisamatterofconsciencewith Catholicsthattheyshouldnotbeexpectedtoassistatareligiousservice conductedbyaministerofanyother denomination.

Itisnottheciviccommemorationof AnzacDaythatCatholicsobjectto,nor thereligiouseither,fortheyobserve thistributetothedeadbyattending Massforthemonthatday;butwhat theydoobjectto,isthattheyshould beexpectedtoattendanon-Catholic religiousserviceaspartofthepublic celebrationofthisnationalanniversary.Ithinkafarhappiersolution wouldbetomaintainthepurelycivic characterofthepublicceremonyand alloweachdenominationtoobservethe religiousserviceintheirownchurches. ItwouldcertainlyobviateanyembarrassmentforCatholics,andmany otherswhomustfeelastheydointhis matter.

Q.:"Do,ordid,thoseCatholicscientistsyouhavementioned,believein theImmaculateConception?"

A.:ThedogmaoftheImmaculate ConceptionoftheVirginMaryhasalwaysbeenpartofCatholicbelief,and thescientiststowhomyoureferVolte,Ampere,Galvani,andPasteurbeingpractisingCatholics,didthere-

Hibernian

11%.164%

forebelieveinthisandallotherdoctrinestaughtbytheChurch.Thefact thatthedogmawasonlydefinedin 1854byPiusIXdoesnotmeanthat untilthatdateCatholicsdidnotbelieveintheImmaculateConception. Theydid.

Q.:"YouspokeoftheScottishHighlandsasbeingstronglyCatholic. Whatproofhaveyougottosupport thisclaim?(Ihavelivedthereand don'tagree):'

A.:Inthesessiontowhichyourefer inthisquestionitwasnotIbutthe writeroftheletterfromwhichIwas quotingwhomadethefollowingstatement:"Ihaveacousinwhowasborn intheHighlandsofScotlandwhich,as youprobablyknow,isastrongRoman Catholiccountry."Thewriter,anonCatholic,usedthenom-de-plumeof "Scottie,SouthPerth."

Q.:"Whatistheconnectionbetween theCatholicChurchandtheA.LP.?"

A.:AsIhaveemphaticallystated before,thereisnoconnectionwhatsoeverbetweentheCatholicChurchand anypoliticalparty-Labourorotherwise. Iwouldalsoliketotakethis opportunityofonceagainmakingit quiteclearthattheChurchdoesnot attempttointerfereinanywaywith thepoliticalpreferencesofindividual Catholics,whoarequitefreetovote astheythinkfit.Anyassertiontothe contraryiseithermaliciouslyuntrue orveryignoranttalk.

Perplexed,Perth:

Q.:"WhyisitthatRomanCatholics praytoMary?"

A.:IexplainedthereasonforCatholicdevotiontotheMotherofGod inarecentsession.

Q.:"TherehasbeenonlyOneWho rosefromthedead,andonlyOne, wearetoldintheBook,istheonly mediatorbetweenGodandman,the Man,ChristJesus."

A.:Thatisallquitetrue,andthat isCatholicdoctrine.AnditisbecausetheChurchknowsthatChrist alonecanheinthefullsenseMediator betweenGodandfallenman:because SheknowsthatChristaloneisthe sourceofeveryGraceconferredon creatures:becauseShetakessoentirelyforgrantedthateverygraceand

OURLADY.

Topraiseamasterpieceistohonour theartist.

giftandprivilegeofMaryhascometo herthroughthemeritsofherSon: thereforetheCatholicChurchdoesnot hesitatetosoundherpraisessouncompromisingly,andtoaddressherwith titleswhichothersfeartousejustbecausetheirdoctrinalfoundationsare soinsecure.

Topraiseamasterpieceisbuttohonourtheartist.Noonewouldsuggest thatinpraising,evenextravagantly, thefrescoesofthefamousSistine Chapel,themajestyofthemarble Moses,theawe-inspiringgrandeurof thegreatdomeofSt.Peter's-oneis detractingfromthecreditandhonour duetoMichaelAngelo,thedesignerof theseworld-famousandimmortalclassicsofpainting,sculptureandarchitecture.Inpraisingthemweare payinghomagetothegeniusandskill oftheartistwhosemasterpiecesthey are.SotheCatholicinhisfilialdevotiontotheMotheroftheRedeemer hasnofearoranxietylesthethereby detractfromthehonourduetoGodjustbecauseheissoutterlyconvinced thateveryperfectionpossessedby Maryistheresultofthesupernatural activityinhersouloftheInfiniteArtistwhoseMasterpiecesheis.And

DEATHBENEFIT.-150,age18andunder20,4/10quarterly;1100,7/2quarterly.20yearsandunder23, 5/3qr.;£100,8/.qr.23yearsandunder25,5/5qr.;£100,8/4qr.25yearsandunder30,5/10qr.;£100, 9/2qr.Membersorto51accepted.AlsoSickness,MedicalandHospitalBenefits.

J.EDWARDS,GI.:idSecretary,WestAustralianChambers,St.George'sTerrace,Perth. Tel.:B7804.

howcouldonebetterexpressthatdevotionthanbyaskinghertointercede foruswithherDivineSon.

Q.:"Marydied,andwearenottold thatherbodyrosefromthegrave."

A.:ThereisnomentionintheNew TestamentofthebodyofMarybeing assumedintoHeavenafterherdeath, butithasbeentheuniversalbeliefof theChurchfromtheearliesttimes,and itisacceptedthereforebyallCatholicsastrue,thatafterherdeaththe MotherofChristwasassumedboth, bodyandsoulintoHeaven.TheuniversalteachingoftheChurchtothis effectisthefoundationfortheCatholic'sbeliefinthisdoctrine,but Mary'sfunctioninthedivineeconomy ofman'ssalvationdoesnotdependon thismiracleofherbodilyassumption intoheaven.

Q.:"WearetoldtokeeptheTenCommandments,andasfarasIcansee yourChurchbreakstheSecondwith imagesofMaryandPeter,etc.How canyouexplainthataway?"

A.:Itisnotamatterofexplaining .anythingawayinthesesessions.I havespokenthetruth,whetheritredoundedwithcreditornot,whetherI thoughtitwouldpleasemylisteners orwhetherIknewitwouldnot-and theCatholicChurchhasnoneedtoexplainthingsaway;theweaknessesin thehumanelementofHermake-upShe freelyadmitsanddeplores,butthey arenoargumentsagainstHerdivine institution.Ontheotherhand,no manonearthcanpointtoanyflaw inHerbeliefanddoctrine.ToaccusetheChurchofbreakingtheSecondCommandmentandtochallenge Hertoexplainthataway,andtofinishoffyourletterbyaskingisitpossibletoanswerthesequestions,or woulditbedetrimentaltothemembersofmyChurchiftheywerecorrectlyanswered,onlydemonstrates# yourowncompleteignoranceofCatholicdoctrineandpractice.

Thevenerationoftheimagesofthe Saintsdatestotheveryfirsteraof Christianity,whenevidenceofthispracticewasenshrinedforposterityinthe mosaicsandfrescoesoftheRoman catacombsinwhichtheearlymartyrs andChristianswereburiedduringthe savagepersecutionsoftheRomanEmperors.TheFathersoftheChurch inthosefirstcenturiescommended thisvenerationofimagesofChristand theSaints,andsotheChristiantraditionhascontinuedthroughoutthe ages. Whatyoudon'tseemtounderstand isthatChristiansdonotworshipthe gravenimage,nordotheyprayto theimageitself,buttotheperson whomtheimagerepresents-Christor MaryoroneoftheSaints.You'd thinkmeratherstupidifIhappened toseeyoukneelbyyourbedsideat nightforalastprayer,andifI thoughttomyself,"Heavens!He's adoringandprayingtohismattress." AttheDawnServiceonAnzacDayin. King'sParkmendonotstandinreverentsilenceandpraytoagranitepillar. Themotherwhokissesthephotograph ofhersonawayatthewarobviously meansitforhim,andinthesame

WIIIIfMT

..°.°111.7100,0 invou"'"

wayweCatholicsmakeuseofstatues andimagesofChristandtheSaints toremindustobegtheirintercession foruswiththeTriuneGodWhom aloneweadore.

Q.:"Doyoureallybelievethatby payingmoneytotheChurchwecan payforsoulstogetoutofPurgatory?" .1 ThisquestionIansweredlast week.

Agnostic,SouthPerth:

Q.:"Ishouldlikeyoutoanswerseveralquestions,butastheycanmostlybeansweredbyasimpleaffirmativeornegative,theyshouldnotencroachonmuchofyourtime.Did Christrulethatthereshouldbe:'ivorceononegroundonly,namely, fornication,meaningadultery,and ifthisisso,whydoestheRoman CatholicChurchnotalloweventhis?" A.:Christallowedpermanentsepara. tionifadulterybecommitted,butHe doesnotallowdivorceandre-marriage inthesenseyouintend.WhenHe said,"Whosoevershallputawayhis wife,exceptforthecauseoffornication,makethhertocommitadultery, etc.,"thesenseHeintendedwasthis: "Whosoevershallputawayhiswife(I amnotspeakingofmereseparation withoutre-marriage,forthatislawful inthecaseoffornication),butwhosoevershallputawayhiswife he thatmarrieshercommitsadultery." Thisistheonlypossibleinterpretation inthelightofparallelpassages.Thus St.MarkrecordsChrist'swordsabsolutely"Whosoevershallputawayhis wifeandmarryanother,committeth adulteryagainsther."(X.,II.)In St.Luke,also,wehavethewordswithoutanyparenthesis:"Everyonethat puttethawayhiswife,andmarrieth another,committethadultery;andhe thatmarriethherthatisputaway fromherhusband,committethadultery."(XVI.,18.1 St.Paultellsus clearly,"Awomanisboundbythelaw aslongasherhusbandliveth;butif herhusbanddie,sheisatliberty." (I.Cor.,Vii.,39.) ForaChristian, then,thereisnosuchthingasdivorce andre-marriagewhilstthefirstpartnerisstillliving.Attemptedre-marriageresultsinasinfuluniononly. Youcanhavedivorceandgiveup Christianity,oryoucanhaveChristianityandgiveupdivorce.You cannothaveboth.

Q.:"MymotherwasaRomanCatholic whomarriedoutsideandrenounced thatFaith.Mywife'smotherlikewise.AremywifeandIillegitimate accordingtotheRomanCatholic Church?Uaffirmative,doyouconsiderthatwehavenotaperfect righttoresenttheinstitution?

A.:AsIhavebeenatpainstopoint outonseveraloccasionsthemarriage ofaCatholicoutsidetheCatholic Church,apartfromexceptionalcircumstances,doesnotaffectthelegitimacyofthechildrenofsuchamarriage.

Q.:"PresumingtheChristiandogmato beauthentic,whichdoyouconsider tobeworseintheeyesofGod-aprofessedagnosticorareasonablyeducatedandintellectualperson,who professesChristianity,knowingin hisheartthathedoesnotactually believeinit?"

A.:I'mblessedifIknow.Icannotimagineanagnosticbeingsincere andhappyinhisagnosticism,andthe kindofChristianyouspeakaboutis evidentlyinsincere,althoughitiscertainthatifheisreallytryingtodiscoverthetruthheisdoingwellto continuepractisingtheChristianway oflife,andthegiftoffaithwillnot hedeniedhimintheend.

Q.:"DoyouagreethatChristianityas adogmaisabsolutelyinanewithrespecttoabout90percent.ofitsprofessedadherents?11

A.:No,Idonotagree.Personally Ithinkthatbeliefinthefundamental teachingsofChristianityisfarmore widespreadthanyouimagine,inspite ofthedevastatingeffectsofmodern paganismandCommunismandthe ravagesofwar.Ialsothinkitafact thatbecausemenhavelargelyceased topracticetheChristianwayoflifeit doesnotnecessarilyfollowthatthey havelostallbeliefinthetruthof Christiandogma.Rather,inmany thingstheydowrong,andintheir heartstheyknowit.Itisnotthat Christianityhasbeentriedandfailed, butithasbeentriedandfoundtoo hard-forthem.

Mr.Williams,Perth

Q.:"WhycanaRomanCatholicnot joinwithaProtestantinprayer?"

A.:IthinkIhavealsomadethe Church'sattitudeonthisquestion clearbynow.Catholicsmaintainthat ChristlaiddownveryexplicitinstructionsastohowGodshouldbeworshippedandastohowweshouldpray. Thereforeanyotherformofcultor worshipotherthanherownmustbe rejectedbytheCatholicChurch.One mightaskwhyProtestantsdonotassociateinprayerwithMohammedans orShintoists.Yet,Idon'tseewhy theyshouldn't,ifonereligionwereas goodasanother whichitisn't,not eventhegreatso-called"Christiancommunity."Itismerelyamatterof principlewithCatholics,inthis,asin manyotherthings,althoughitisoften misjudgedforbigotedintoleranceand lackofcharity.Catholicsdonotex-

'CARDINALMANNING,

Apopularfigurewithnon-Catholics. pectanyProtestanttoviolatehisconscienceandoffendGodjustfortheir sake,andisitunreasonabletoaskthat theybecreditedwiththesameinteg- rityofmotiveintheirattitudetothis questionofnotparticipatinginthe servicesofotherdenominations?

Q.:"CardinalManning,atWestminster, England,said:'Itisgoodforusto behere,ityoursRightReverend Fathertosubjugateandsubdue,to bendandtobreakthewillofan imperialrace.Englandisthehead ofProtestantismweakenedinEnglanditisparalysedeverywhereconqueredinEnglanditisconquered throughouttheworld.'IsthestatementoftheCardinalsupportedby theRomanCatholicChurch?Ifnot, whenandwherewasCardinalManning'sstatementrepudiated?"

A.: I'veneverheardofthis quotation. Idon'tknow,perhapshe didsayit,forIamnotfamiliarwith allthatCardinalManningsaidand wrotefiftyyearsago.Ishouldthink itmostunlikelythathedid,forthe Cardinalwasratherapopularfigure withnon-Catholicsandoftenappearedontheirplatformsonpurelysocial questions.However,ifyoucanquote thetimeandcircumstancesofthisallegedutterance,Ishallansweryour questionforyou.

"SonofR.C.ParentsandGrandparents,"Fremantle:

Q.:"Ihavelistenedwithmuchinterest toallyourbroadcastssincethissessionbegan.Iwishtoaskwhether aBishophasthepowertorefuseConfirmationtoaboyorgirluntilhe orshehasattendedaCatholic schoolforsixmonthsoranyother period?"

A.:Yes,aBishop,forgoodreasons, hasthepowertoenactsuchalaw. Confirmationshouldbegivenonlyto thosewhohaveanadequateknowledgeoftheirFaithandsufficientinstructioninit.AttendanceataCatholicschoolisnormallynecessaryfor suchconditionstobefulfilled.

Q.:"Ifyouransweris'Yes,'willyou pleasestatewhereheobtainssuch authority?"

A.:Inallsuchmattersasthesea Bishophasrealauthorityinhisdiocese,anauthoritywhichishisinvirtueofhisbeingadirectandlawful successoroftheApostles.Onemight recallthewordsofChristtoHisApostles:"Hethathearethyou,heareth Me:andhethatdespisethyoudespisethMe."(LukeX.,16.)Andthereis

St.Paul'sinjunction,too,"Obeyyour prelatesandbesubjecttothem.For theywatchasbeingtorenderanaccountofyoursouls:thattheymay dothiswithjoyandnotwithgrief. (Heb.,13,17.)

Q.:"Ifthisquestionembarrassesyou, pleaseIgnoreit,buttellusinstead whytheChurchopposesCremation andIwillunderstand."

A.:Yourquestionisnotatallembarrassing,andafortnightagoIexplainedthereasonsfortheattitudeof theCatholicChurchtowardsCremstion.

Questionnaire,OsbornePark: Yourquestionsregardingthecelibacyoftheclergyandreligiousofthe CatholicChurch,Ihavealreadyans veeredinafairlyrecentsession.

ProtestantChristian,Wembley:

Q.:"Doesthemerefactofbeingborn intoorhavingone'snameonthe CatholicChurchrollentitlethatpersontoHeaven,irrespectiveofthe qualityoftheirlifewhileonearth?"

A:Itcertainlydoesnot.Christalso said:"Untowhomsoevermuchisgiven,ofhimmuchshallberequired."In otherwords,thosetowhomGodhas giventheCatholicFaith,andwho thereforeknowthetruthofthingsas Christtaughtittomen,shallbeexpectedtoliveuptotheCatholicway oflifeasperfectlyastheycan.Of course,embracingCatholicismdoesnot changeoneintoanArchangelright away.AndCatholics,eventhough theyknowthetruth,arestillvery humanforallthat.Somearevery careless,otherstryveryhardtolive uptothehighstandardsofCatholic teaching,butoneandallwillbejudged byGodwiththatsameimpartialjusticewithwhichallmenshallbejudged.

Q.:"DoestheCatholicChurchbelieve inutterandabsolutevictoryover sinwhilstonearth?"

A.:Utterandabsolutevictoryover sinisnotonlypossible,butincountlesscaseshasbeenvisiblymanifested inthelivesoftheSaintsoftheChurch. Moreover,menandwomenfromall walksoflife,throughtheSacraments whichChristinstitutedforthispurpose,havesucceededinlivingblamelesslives,andnotonlythat,butlives

ofheroicsanctity.Forallofthem itwasacontinualandexactingstruggle,butthroughtheMassandtheSacraments,theydidanddoachievecompletevictoryoversinwhilstonearth. Withregardtoyourreferenceto theclergy,Iwouldsimplysaythere isnoexcuse.

Q.:"WhatScripturalauthorityhave youforprayingforanyoneafter death?"

A.:2Macch.,XII.,46:"Itisaholy andwholesomethoughttoprayforthe dead,thattheymaybeloosedfrom theirsins."

Q.:"DoesnotPaulsay,regarding Christians,thattobeabsentfrom thebodyistobepresentwiththe Lord,whichisfarbetter,inwhich caseprayerswouldseemtobesuperfluous?"

A.:I'mafraidyouhavemisunderstoodthispassagefromSt.Paul.WritingtotheCorinthianshetoldthemto haveconfidence,knowingthatwhile weareinthebodyweareabsentfrom theLord,thoughwewouldpreferto beabsentratherfromthebodyand tobepresentwiththeLord.(2Cor., V.)

Whichmerelymeanswhatitsays andnotwhatyoureadintothepassage,namely,thattobepartedfrom ourbodiesnecessarilymeansweareimmediatelyunitedtoGod.Justhow soonafterdeathweareadmittedinto thepresenceoftheBlessedTrinitydependsonmanythings,andforthemajorityofmenbetweendeathandheavencomesPurgatory.

Q.:"HowdoestheCatholicChurchinterpretthemanypropheciesbothin theOldandNewTestamentsregardingtheSecondComingofChrist?"

A.:ToanswerthatquestionfullyI wouldneedmorethanonecomplete session.Briefly,theCatholicdoctrine isthatattheendoftheworldorwhen thistremendousdramaofhumanhistoryisdrawingtoitsgrandfinale, Christwillcomefromtherighthand ofHisFatherinHeavenandappear onceagainonearth,thistimeinall Hispowerandmajesty,togetherwith Hisangels,andthatHeshallthen judgeallmeninthesightofall.

Q.:"Doyoubelieveinavisiblephysical return?"

A.:Yes,thatistheteachingofthe CatholicChurch.

YourquestionontheRosaryIshall havetoleavetoalatersession.

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HowWesternChristendomwasCreated ContributionsoftheAncientWorld&Greece

ChristianitywasFirstIntroducedintotheGreat, SophisticatedRomanEmpire..

FatherLawler, S.J.,Describes thePillars onwhich Christendom Rested

Thispaperisnotintendedtogive anaccountoftheconversionofthenationsoftheWest,nortoportraythe gloriesofmedievalcivilisation.I wantrathertogivesomeaccountof theconceptexpressedintheword "Christendom"andtogropebackinto thepasttouncoverthepillarson whichthatidearested.First,Ishould liketosaythatwhenyoutrytodraw thepastinboldstrokes,itisinevitablethatsomeofyourstatementsmust beverysweeping.Inordertoget themainoutlineclear,youmustomit manyqualificationsthathistoricalaccuracyseemstodemand.However, thispaperisonlyoneinaseries,and ImayhopethatmanyofthequalificationsthatIamomittingwilleither havebeensuppliedinformerlectures orwillbeaddedinthosetocome;indeed,Ifeelthatitmaybewellforme toputbeforeyouaboldly-drawn schemeofthegrowthofChristendom, preciselyinordertosupplyabackgroundintowhichtheotherlectures ofthiscoursemaybelodged.Inany case,themakingofEurope'scivilisationwasatonceacreationandarestoration.Sowemusttakeaquick lookattheancientworld.Ithink itwillbewellforustogorightback tothedawnofhistory-tothatpoint wherehistorybeginstoviewith archeologyinthetaskofinterpreting thepast.Iwilltry,too,tocentre whatIhavetosayroundfamiliar namesandtokeeptoroundfiguresin chronology.Tobegin,then:-

TheAncientWorld.

Ifwetakealookatthemap,near themoderncityofBaghdad,weshall findUroftheChaldees-thebirthplace ofAbraham,intheancientempireof Babylon.Abrahamlivedabouttwo thousandyearsbeforeChrist;hetravelledfromhisnativeplaceintowhat wenowcallPalestine,andfromthere hewentforashorttimeintoEgypt. InEgypthefoundacivilisationthat wasalreadyancient;foreveninAbraham'stimetheEgyptofthePyramids couldboastanantiquitystretching backbeyondthereachofhistoricalrecord.Butitwastheinsignificant stranger,Abraham,notthePharoahs, thatwastoinfluencethetimeto come.FromAbrahamwastospring theJewishpeople-apeoplethathad onegreatcontributiontomaketowards thecivilisationoftheChristianworld religion.Itwouldnotberightto speakoftheOnly-BegottenSonofGod asthoughHeweretheproductofa race,butitistruethatinasmuchas Hewasman,OurLordwasoftheseed ofAbraham;andtheWesternmind,so opposedinitshabitsofthoughttothe

ST.BENEDICT"impossibletoover-estimate hisimportanceinhistory.

Semiticmind,wastolearnreligious truthfromtheSemiticfollowersof Christ,anditsreligiousthoughtwas toremainpermanentlyundertheinfluenceofSemiticexpression.Itisre velant,then,toourtaskofoutlining theoriginofChristendom,tonotethe developmentoftheJewishpeople.FollowingthefortunesofJoseph,theJewishpeoplesettledinEgypt,onlytobecome,inthecourseofcenturies,asubjectpeople,or,asweshouldsaynow,a persecutedminority.Abouttheyear

1400B.C.,theirsojourninEgyptwas broughttoacloseundertheleadership ofMoses,andshortlyaftertheyear

1000B.C.wefindthemenjoyingadegreeofprosperityandsecurityunder DavidandSolomon.Butcaughtbetweentheriver-EmpireoftheNileto thesouth,andtheriver-empireofMesopotamiatothenorth,theironlyhope forsurvivalwasintheGodofAbraham, andtheirfrequentlapsesintoidolatry madethemunworthyofHisaid;sowe findthemafflictedandconstantlyin needofaprophettorecallthemto theirduty,untilwediscernthemabout theyear400B.C.asorryandafflicted people,butatlast,bydintofconstant suffering,finallyandfiercelyconvinced thatthereisonlyoneGodandthat thegraven-thing,theidol,madeby man'shand,isthefoulestofabominations,theyarelookingfortheRedeemerwhoistosavethemandmankindfromit.Smallandbrokenasit was,thislittlepeoplewasthroughits religiousliteraturetoplayaprofound nartintheliteraryaswellasthereligiouslifeoftheworld;butweshall leaveitforamoment,whilewetake anotherlookatthemap.

Greece.

IntheninthcenturyB.C.-i.e.,roughlyaboutahundredyearsafterKing DavidruledinPalestine-HomercomposedhisIliadandOdyssey.Whenwe cometospeaklaterofWesternand EasternChristendom,weshallregard GreeceasbelongingtotheEast,but thereisasenseinwhichHomeristhe founderoftheliteratureoftheWest. HeisthefounderandfatherofGreek literature,andtheGreeksweretobe theintellectualmastersofbothEast andWest.ItmaywellbethatHomer hasneverbeenequalledinpowerand beautyofexpression,butweareconcernedatthemomentratherwiththe developmentofman'sthoughtthan withitsexpression.SowepassquicklyontothebeginningsofGreekscience tandphilosophy.Ithasbeensaid, andperhapswithtruth,thatThales, whowasbornabout620B.C.,vasthe world'sfirstscientist.Hetriedto deducefromthephenomenapresented

tohissensesarationalexplanationof thenatureoftheuniverse.With Thalesbeganthephilosophicalenquiry oftheGreeks,andsosearchingwasit, thatitdidnotceaseuntilalmostevery conceivableproblemofthehuman mindhadbeen,insomeformatleast, statedanddiscussed.Forthegreat mindsatleast,theenquirywasmarkedwiththoroughness,honestyanda discernmentthathasrarelybeenattainedinsubsequentages.Itwould taketoolongtogiveevenaslightaccountoftheprogressofGreek thought;butitis,Ithink,relevantto ourdiscussionofWesternthoughtto notethattheGreeksweretormented bytheirinabilitytoexplainthe.nature ofbeingandofchangeandofknowledge.

InthesixthcenturyB.C.Parmenides,andlater,Zeno,wereinthe abundanceoftheirhonestyproclaimingthatthephilosophicalenquiryhad endedinfutility.Theywere,unlike somanymodernthinkers,alivetothe greatproblemsofphilosophy,and rightlydissatisfiedwiththesolutions profferedbytheircontemporaries;but theyweremistakeninthinkingthat theenquiryhadendedinfailure;for afterthemweretocomeSocrates, PlatoandAristotle.Sincethematter hasmuchbearingonmedievalthought, ImustsaythatPlatoandhisdisciple Aristotlemadesuchagreatadvance inthestruggleforphilosophicaltruth thatfewmenhavebeenabletofollow them,andthatfactentitlesmeto leavetheGreekphilosophersforthe momentforGreekphilosophyfellinto decline.Indeeditssearchfortruth hadgonesofarthatmendidnotsucceedingoinganyfartheruntilthey hadthehelpandguidanceofthe Christianrevelation.Butatthispoint wemustturntoagreatcontemporary andfriendofAristotle-Alexander.

AlexandertheGreat.

Wehaveconsidered-verybriefly indeed-theexcellenceofGreekliteratureandphilosophy;nowwemustadverttothespreadofGrecianinfluence. Letustakeanotherlookatthemap. JustaboveGreecewefindMacedon.

AlexanderofMacedonconquered Greece,andcompelledtheGreeksto followhiminajourneyofconquest. HisarmiesmarchedoverAsiaMinor, throughPalestine,wherehemade friendswiththeJews,andintoEgypt, whereheoverthrewthePharoahs. NextcametheturnoftheMesopotamianempire,andeventuallyhemarchedvictoriouslyontoIndia,where,in 323B.C.hedied,apparentlyasaresultofexcessescommittedatabanquetheldtocelebratehisvictory.

Alexanderhadfailedtoperpetuate hisdynasty,buthisconquestwaspermanentinthesensethathisgenerals dividedtheolderempiresbetween them:PtolemyfoundedaGreekdynastyinEgypt,andSeleukosanother inSyria,andbothlastedvirtuallyto thebeginningoftheChristianera.The pointtonoticeisthis:thelandsof theEasternMediterraneanwereGrecianised;Greekbecamethelanguage ofthoughtandcommerce.Forthe threehundredyearsthatprecededOur Lord,thecivilisedworldwassteadily acquiringaGreekcultureandGreek habitsofthought,butwemustturn nowtosomethingthatwashappening onthefringeofcivilisation.

Rome.

InthetimeofAlexandertheGreat -300B.C.-therewasavigorouslittle agriculturalcommunityinthecentre cftheItalianpeninsula.Itsfarmercitizensweredull-wittedincompari-

sonwiththeGreeks,butitspeoplehad ageniusforlaw-makingandorganisation,andtheyweresturdysoldiers.In anefforttocontroltheirunrulyneighbourstheytooktothepracticeofsendingsmallbodiesoftheircitizensto foundcoloniesinoutlyingdistricts. Coloniescreatetrade,andtradecreateswar,andvictoryinwarmeansterritorialexpansion.Soitcameabout thattheRomansbegantoacquirealmostreluctantly-aconsiderableempire.Bytheyear200B.C.Romehad conquerednearlyallItalyandsomeof Spain.Carthage,orasweshouldsay, Tunisia,hadbeenmastered,too,and fiftyyearslaterGreecebecameaRomanprovince.Shortlybeforethe timeofOurLord,PompeyandCaesar extendedtheEmpiretoincludeAsia Minor,Palestine,Egypt,andGaul.So atthebeginningoftheChristianera, thewholeoftheMediterraneanworld belongedtotheRomanEmpire,and Britainwasaddedinthecourseofthe firstcentury.InordertounderstandthegrowthofChristiancivilisation,itisofthefirstimportancethat weshouldhaveafirmgraspofthefact thatChristianitywasfirstintroduced intoagreatandsophisticatedempire. Ihavespokenofthesimplebeginnings oftheRomanEmpire,buttheyhad longsincefadedintothemistofhistorybythetimeOurLordwalkedthe earth.Weareaccustomedtothe GospelaccountofhowOurLord preached,tellingstoriestosimplepeasantsandfishermen,butthosesimple peoplebelongedtothefarmsofasmall nationthathadbeenoverwhelmedby amightyempire.Pilate,forinstance, wasfarfrombeingasimpleman:he livedinaworldofpolitics,diplomacy, andintrigue,wherehewasstrivingto carveoutacareerinoneofthegreatestadministrativesystemstheworld haseverknown.Now,halfofthis greatempirewasGreek-speakingand asother-theWesternhalf-spoke,or waslearningtospeak,Latin.NaturallyitistheWesternhalfthatconcernsusmost,butitisimportantto notethattheEasternhalfwasculturallymoreadvancedandeconomicallymoreprosperousthantheWestern half.Thatiswhy,300yearsafter OurLord'stime,theEmperorConstantinemovedthecapitaloftheEmpiretoByzantium,buildingtherea newcity,Constantinpole,namedafter himself.Wemusttakethenonelast lookatthisancientRomanEmpire. Wealthy,prosperousandpagan,itwas veryliketheworldofto-day.From endtoendtherestretchedanetwork ofroads,overwhichranapostalsystem.IndeedthecityofAlexandria wasdividedupintrulymodernfashionintopostaldistrictsnumbered withthelettersofthealphabet.In thegreatcitiespeoplelivedinflats withcentralheatingandwaterlaidon tothesecondstorey;therewerebanks, book-shops,andtheatres;andahuge percentageofthepeoplelivedonthe doleandsquanderedtheirmoneyon races.Onlythecombustion-engine waslackingtogivetheRoma' worldthetempoofourownage.Like ourownage,too,theRomanworld failedtosolvetheproblemsofcapital andlabour.Atoneendoftheeconomicscalewasthecapitalist,making moneyatcompoundinterest;atthe otherwastheslave.Inthecourseof timethefreefarmerandcraftsman begantodieout,andwithhimdisappearedthestrengthofRome.Sowe cometothetimewhenthebarbarians foundtheeffeteanddepopulatedempireofRomeattheirmercy.Letus takeanotherlookatthemap.

(ContinuedonPage13.)

THEcongratulatIIionsoftheCatholiccommunitygoouttothe womenassembledfortheirconference ofthewomen'ssectionofthePrimary Producers'Association,fortheircourageousandprogressiveresolutimsregardingdefactowivesandthedisestablishmentofcreches.

Inregardtodefactowives,thefollowingmotionwascarried:"ConferencedeplorestheactionoftheFederal Governmentinrecognisingtheso-called defactowivesasdependantsofthe soldiersandassuchenjoyingthe privilegesofallotmentandstillfurther burdeningthetaxpayerfortheupkeepoflegalisedimmorality."

Werecallthattheoriginalprotest emanatedfromArchbishopMannix, whosaidthatthelegislationplaced thedefactowivesandwidowsonthe samelevelasrealwivesandwidows, andevengavethemabetterdealfinancially.Theprocedurewastantamounttoputtingapremiumonimmorality,whileinolderandbettertimes wespokeofadulterersandadulteresses.

TheArchbishop'strenchantcriticism wouldhavehadtheendorsementof everybodywhowasconcernedtopreserveChristianmoralstandards,one wouldhavethought.Butsometwo monthslatertheStateAssemblyofthe PresbyterianChurchofQueenslandrejectedamotionexpressingdisapproval anddeploringtheactionoftheFederalGovernmentingrantingpensions todefactowidows.

SoitwasoddtoheartheRev. GeorgeTullochbroadcastingonOrange DayaboutsheerlymythicalCatholic claimsrelatingtothetemporalpower andtoundueCatholicambitionsregardingtheGovernmentservices.One wouldhavethoughttherewasdisorder enoughinhisowncampwithoutworryingaboutanimaginarymessinhis neighbour's.

However,itisencouragingtofind thecountrywomenstandingfoursquarefortherightsandsanctityof Christianmarriage,anditlendspoint alsotoCatholicclaimsthatoneofthe

mostimportantfactorsinstemming thepopulationdeclineisthestabilisationofagriculture.Itisthefarming communityalonethatreproducesitself.Overthelast30years,birthratesinbothruralandurbanareas havedeclined,buttheurbandecline hasbeenfarmorerapidthanthe rural,andthemetropolitanbirth-rate isnowatafarlowerlevelthanthat ofcountrytownsorruralareas.In theUnitedStatesandinGermany, thefertilityofruralareasisnearly doublethatofthelargecities.

Onewouldhavethoughtthat,in viewofthesefactsontheonehand, andofAustralia'scryingneedforpopu-

Y FRANCIS GILBERT

lationontheother,specialefforts wouldhavebeenmadebygovernmentstoencouragetheonewayoflife whichprovidespeopleforournation.

Ourhistory,however,showsamost singularneglectofthemanonthe land.Yet,despiteallthemounting tollofdebt,ofbadseasonsandofficial neglect,thecountryhasalonepreservedhomelifeandaproportionately highbirth-rate.Notonlynationalinterestbutreligionlookstoagriculture astheonesolidsocialfactorina crumblingsystem.

Therealsolidarityofourcountry peopleandtheirpreservationofChristiantraditionswasexemplifiedasecondtimeattheConferencereferred toabove.Adiscussiononcrechesrevealedasolidbodyofoppositionto theextensionofthepractice.The originalmotionunderdiscussionwas that''Conferenceisoftheopinionthat establishedcrechesforchildrenshould bediscontinuedinnormaltimes,asit isthedutyofmotherstolookafter theirchildren."Althoughthismotionwaslost,theamendmentwhich wascarriedwasalongthesamewholesomelines:"Theprincipleshouldbe establishedthattheupbringingofthe child,hisspiritualandmoralwelfare, shouldbetheresponsibilityoftheparent,nottheState."

HereagainArchbishopMannixhad giventhelead.InMarchofthisyear, HisGracesaid,inapublicspeech,that therewastalkofsettingupanetwork ofcreches,butiftheywerenecessary

OW,HIMIHIW10101flIHIOIHIUM111.1WIHIOIHIllin101

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BOUQUETFOR COUNTRYWOMEN DEFACTOWIVES ANDCRECHES

hehopedtheywouldberestrictedto thesmallestpossiblelimits.Thelast womentobetakenintowarwork shouldbemotherswithyoungfamilies.Hebelievedthatiftherestof thefemalepopulationwascombedout properlythattherewouldbenoneed tofallbackuponthehomeswhere mothershadyoungchildrentolook after.

Thisidentificationofviewsbetween abodyofcountrywomenandaCatholicBishopissignificant.Foronething, itgoestoshowthatanaturalmoralityisfosteredbycountrylife,andfor anotherthattheagriculturalwayof lifeisthebestguaranteeforthepreservationofpersonalrightandliberty againsttheever-growingencroachmentsoftheState.

Theprinciplesinvolvedinthematter ofcrechesareofequalimportancewith thoserelatingtodefactowives.The latterunderlinestheimportanceof marriageasasacredcontractandas aninstitution.Forthebegettingand propercareofchildren,itisessential thatmarriageshouldbepermanent.It isobviouslyinthebestinterestsofthe Statetoimposeuponmarriageahigh andstrictexpectationofpermanence whichwillinducethevastmajorityof peopleearnestlytomakethebestof anirrevocabledecisionratherthanto yieldtovagrantinclinations.Strictnessisintheinterestsofthecommon good,eventhoughitcausesindividual hardship.TheChristiantraditionis stillstrongenoughtobrandirregular unionsandinfidelitywhiledivorcestill definitelycarriesastigma.Itissurelyunwiseandunreasonabletoriskexposingtherootsofasocietytodangermerelytopandertotheweakness ofaminority.

Theprinciplethattheprimaryrights overthechildbelongtotheparentsis asoldashumanityitself.Thefamily existedinpointoftimebeforethe State,anddoesnotthereforederiveits rightsfromtheState.Norcanthe Statelegitimatelyencroachuponthe

STOVES:Wood,Gas,newandused, Sold,Bought,Repaired.HASSELL'S 559WellingtonStreit.B6307.

primaryrightsofthefamilygroup. ThisisthebasisoftheCatholicclaim forjusticeforitsschools.For,ifthe rightsofparentsaretoberealandnot illusory,theparentshaveaperfect righttodecidethetypeofeducation theydesiretheirchildrentoreceive, andquiterightlyresentanyattemptto regimentthemintoaStatesystem, especiallywherethatsystemdeliberatelyexcludesreligiousandmoraltrain. ing.

Girlsseekinginformationaboutthe C.G.M.shouldrinstheSecretary (B4836),oriftheycallinattheClub Roomsduringlunchhourorofaneveningduringtheweek,oneortheleaders willbetheretoreceivethemandexplainconditionsofmembership,etc., tothem.

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ReligiousProfessionat"Iona" PresentationConvent

FatherGilesExplainsthe ObligationsoftheReligiousVows

DifficultiesandRewardsoftheCloisteredLife

Ontheoctaveofthefeastofthe ApostlesSS.PeterandPaul,July6,the ceremonyofaReligiousProfession tookplaceatthePresentationConvent,"Iona,"MosmanPark.The newlyprofessedwasSisterM.Immaculata,daughterofMr.andMrs.G.Crocetti,ofBeverley.

HisGracetheArchbishop,assisted bytheRev.FathersRaffertyand Giles,officiatedduringthefunction andcelebratedtheMass.Presentalso intheSanctuaryweretheRev.Fathers Breslin,0.M.I.,andRegan,P.P.,of York.Theoccasionalsermonwas preachedbytheRev.FatherGiles,who spokefromthetext:"Ihavechosen tobeanabjectinthehouseofmy Godratherthantodwellinthetabernacleofsinners."(Ps.83.)

FatherGilessaidthatthewords oftheRoyalPsalmistexpressedthe meaningoftheceremonyoftheReligiousProfessionwhichtheyhadwitnessedthatmorning.Forduringthe courseofthefunctiontheyounglady abouttobeprofessedwouldpronounce thevowsofPoverty,ChastityandObedience.Bysodoingsherenounced theworld,itsfame,itsglory,andits wealthforalifeofself-sacrifice.She hashearkenedtothewordsofOur DivineRedeemerandacceptedtheinvitationcontainedthereinasrecorded inthe19th.chapterofSt.Matthew, "Ifthouwiltbeperfect,gosellwhat thouhast,andgivetothepoor,and thoushalthavetreasureinheaven,and comefollowMe."

Eversincetheywerefirstuttered thosewordshavenotfallenondeaf ears,norhasthatinvitationremained unaccepted,nomatterhowdifficult ofpracticalfulfilment.TheApostles werethefirsttoembracethelifeof theself-sacrifice,andtherewerenot wantingthosewhofollowedintheir immediatefootsteps.Infact,theoriginofthereligiousprofessiondated backtothetimeswhenChristians wererecognisedintheChurchasfollowersafterperfectioninthepractice ofreligiouslife.Wemetthemas

Girlsseekinginformationaboutthe CatholicGirls'Movementshouldring B4836,orcallattheClubRoomsduringlunch-hourorofanevening.

longagoasthethirdcenturyunderthe nameofAscetics.Eusebius,thegreat ecclesiasticalhistorian,numbersamong theAsceticsthemostillustriousPontiffsofthefirstages,St.Clementof Rome,St.Polycarp,St.IgnatiusofAntioch.AfterthoseinthefourthcenturycometheHermitsandMonks,followedintheeleventhcenturybythe CanonsRegulars,inthethirteenthcenturybytheMendicantOrders,inthe sixteenthbytheClerkRegulars,and lastlybythemembersoftheReligious Congregationsdowntoourownday.

To-day,religiousprofessiondenoted theactofembracingthereligiousstate bythethreevowsofPoverty,Chastity,andObedience,accordingtothe rulesoftheOrdercanonicallyapproved.Itinvolved,therefore,atriple vowmadetoGod,bindingoneselfto theruleofacertainOrder.OurHoly MothertheChurch,thedivinelyappointedcustodianofthedepositof Faith,andthesoleinspiredinterpreter oftheWordofGod,whetherspokenor written,hadeverinmindthosewords ofChristHerFounder,"Ifthouwilt beperfect,gosellwhatthouhastand comefollowMe."Hencewithaview toimplementingthesolemninjunction containedinthesewords,ShehasencouragedHerchildrentopractisethe EvangelicalvirtuesofPoverty,Chastity,andObedience.NorhasShe contentedHerselfwithsimplebenevolentencouragement.Asawise,foreseeingMother,sheknewthattheideal ofChristianPerfectionwasnotobtainablebytheordinaryfulfilmentofthe CommandmentsofGodandofthose ofHisChurchalone.Shetaughta fundamentaltruththattwothingsare essentailforeternalsalvation,namely, theGraceofGodandman'sco-operation.TheGraceofGodwouldwork moreeasily,moreperfectly,andmore effectivelyinproportiontothequantityandqualityofman'sco-operation. Theco-operationwasmorereadily forthcomingandmoreeasilyprovided bythepracticeoftheEvangelical counselsofPoverty,ChastityandObedience. The-Churchrealisedthattheoppositevicestothesevirtueswerepowerfulobstaclesfrustratingthesuccessful pursuitoftheidealofChristianPerfection.Everattentivetothevoice

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ofHerFounder,SheknewthatHehad recommendedthatpracticeofthesevirtuesasnecessaryinthepathofperfection.Whatgreatercondemnation ofaninordinateloveofworldlythings couldwehavethanthatgivenbyOur Saviourinthe19th.chapterofSt.Matthew,"Amen,Isaytoyou,thatarich manshallhardlyenterintothekingdomofHeaven,"andagain,"Isayto youitiseasierforacameltopass throughtheeyeofaneedlethanfor arichmantoentertheKingdomof Heaven."SurelythosewordsofHim WhoistheEternalTruthitselfsocondemnatoryofanimmoderatedesireof wealthwereequallycommendatory,if notmandatory,ofthepracticeofevangelicalpoverty.

TheearlyChristiansacceptedOur Lord'swordsliterallyandjoyfully,as theActsoftheApostlestestify.They livedalifeofpovertyinaccordance withthecounselsgivenbyChrist.Thus itwasthattheChurchrecommended thatvirtueasessentialinthosewho wishedtobeperfectastheirHeavenly Fatherisperfect,andwhowishedto followinthefootstepsoftheDivine MasterWholedalifeofpoverty.

TheChurchalsoadvisedthepracticeofchastityasdistinctfromcontinency,soastobringtheunrulypassionsofthefleshunderrestraint.We knewthatChrist'sexampleinasmuch asHeremainedavirgin,andHisspecialpredilectionforHisbelovedapostleSt.John,alsoavirgin,showthat Hepreferredittothemarriedstate. St.Paul,thegreatapostleoftheGentiles,inhisusualunmistakablyclear language,sumsupthewholequestion inhisepistletotheCorinthians,7th. chapter,25th.verse,"Nowconcerning virgins,Ihavenocommandmentofthe Lord,butIgivecounsel,ashavingobtainedmercyoftheLordtohefaithful."Howbeautifully(doesthe Churchsingofthisvirtueintheoffice ofvirgins,makingthewordsofthe BookofWisdomherown,"0,how beautifulisthechastegenerationwith glory,forthememorythereofisimmortal,foritisknownbothwithGod andwithmen."

Thethirdofthevowswasthatof Obedience.Bythatvowthereligious houndherselftotheruleoftheOrder towhichshebelonged.Itboundone toreligiousobedienceasdistinctfrom thatwhichallChristianswerebound topractise.Thatparticularobedience wasofahighervalue,becauseitconcerneditselfnotonlywiththeobservanceoftheCommandmentsofGodand ofHisChurch,butalsowiththepracticeoftheEvangelicalCounsels.Obediencewassoexcellentavirtuethat OurLordHimselfcondescendedto directthewholecourseofHislifeby it.InHolyWritHetellsusthatHe camenottodoHisownWill,butthe WillofHisFather,forintheGospel ofSt.John,chapter4,verse34,we read,"MymeatistodotheWillof HimthatsentMe,thatImayperfect Hiswork."Again,wereadinthe sameGospel,"IseeknotmyownWill buttheWillofHimthatsentMe."St. Paul,inhisusualeloquentway,speaks oftheobedienceofOurBlessedRedeemerwhenhesaidinhisepistleto

thePhilippias,"HehumbledHimself becomingobedientuntodeath,even thedeathoftheCross."

HenceChristwishedtoaddtothe infinitemeritofHisperfectionCharity theinfinitemeritofHisperfectobedience.

Those,then,continuedthepreacher, werethevirtueswhichtheSisterwas abouttovowtopractise.Shewasto makeasolemnpromisetoGodandacceptedinHisNamebyHisSpouseon earth,ourHolyMothertheChurch. Thevowsinvolvedgraveresponsibili tiesandtheirkeepingwasnoteasyof fulfilment.ButtheHandofGod wasnotshortened.Hewouldgive Gracecommensuratewithone'sobligations.Hewhowasthepreacherof thetruthinthewholeworld,thevesselofelection,thegreatSt.Paul,assuredus,"IcandoallthingsinHim thatstrengthenethme."Christ,Our DivineMaster,wouldgivethesoleand necessarymeansofcarryingoutthese duties-Hisgrace.Withoutitman couldneverattaintoEternalLife, muchlesstothestateofChristianperfection.Undoubtedlythepracticeof thosevirtuesentailedgreatself-sacrifice,greatself-mortification.If,however,thereligiouswasanimatedby thatgreatdivinevirtueofCharity, theybecameeasiertofulfil,forletus hearSt.Paulwhenhesays,"Charity isthebondofperfection."Toone onthethresholdofthereligiouslife theChurchofferedeveryencouragement.Itwasthecommonteaching oftheologiansthatifthosewhowere abouttomakeareligiousprofession wereinthestateofgrace,theywould obtainbythiscompletesurrenderof themselvesaremissionofallthepenaltiesduetopastsins.Godwasnot outdoneingenerosity,andtooneconsecratingherlifetoHim,Hewould giveanabundantportionofHis choicestgracesandblessings.

Finally,thereremainedthevery pleasantdutyofofferingtotheyoung ladywhowasabouttopronounceher vowsasareligiousoftheOrderof thePresentationofOurBlessedLad", theirsincerestcongratulations.Itwas astepwhichwouldmeanarenunciationoftheworldandallithelddearest.AstepbywhichshehadacceptedtheinvitationofOurDivineMaster"tocomefollowMe."Associated withtheirfelicitationsweretheirmost ferventprayersthatshewouldbe blessedwithallgracesnecessarytobe faithfultoherholyvows.Andwhat ofthereward?Certainlynoneofthe transitory,ifattractive,rewardsofthis worldwhichmoreoftenturnouttobe morebitterthandeadseafruit.The preacher,however,askedthemtorecallasceneenactedonGalilee'sha's manyyearsago.St.Peter,manof simplefaith,burningzealandmagnificentgenerosity,saidtotheMaster, "Beholdwehaveleftallthingsand havefollowedThee,whattherefore shallwehave?"AndJesusreplied: "Andeveryonethathathlefthouse, orbrethren,orsisters,orfather,or mother,orwife,orchildren,orlands forMyname'ssake,shallreceivea hundredfoldandshallpossesslifeeverlasting."

10,

ImportantPostforMiss N.Parker,M.A.

MissNormaParker,M.A.,agraduate ofourUniversity,whosefamilyreside inHighgateHillParish,hasrelinquishedherpositionasheadoftheAlmoners'DepartmentofSt.VincentHospital,Sydney,tobecomethepsychiatricsocialworkeratCallanParkMentalHospital,Sydney.Thisisthe firstappointmentofitskindtobe made'inAustralia.MissParkerdida specialisedcourseinpschiatricsocial workasapostgraduatestudentat theCatholicUniversityatWashington,

D.C.Itisasignalrecognitionofher trainingandexperiencethatMiss Parkerhasbeenappointed,bythe PublicServiceBoardtopioneerthis departmentatanAustralianmental hospital.

Inthisimportantfieldofsocial work,MissParkerwilladvisehowthe sixtypercent.ofthosewholeavementalhospitals,whollyorpartiallycured, aretobepreparedtore-enternormal communitylife.Shewillactasthe go-betweenthepatient'shomeandthe hospital,creatingareadjustedenvironmenttoreceivethepatientbackand removinganythingthatmighthalt thepatient'sprogresstowardsperfect mentalhealth.

Toacceptthisnewpost,MissParker hadtoresignasAssisting-Directorof

generalInterest

SaintVitus

St.VitusDanceisamedicalterm widelyusedto-day.Fewpeopleknow thatSt.Vituswasayouthoftwelve years,thesonofawealthySicilian senator,tutoredbyaChristiancouple, ModestusandCrescentia,hiswife. FromthemhegrewtocherishChristianity.WhendecidedthatModestus andCrescentialeavehome,theboy Vitusaccompaniedthem.Ontheway towardsRome,Vituscuredmany childrensufferingfromanoddpalsy. Newsofhisfameprecedinghim, EmperorDiocletiansentforthethree runawaystobebroughttohispalace. ThroughprayerVituscuredtheEmperor'ssonofthediseasewhichthe populacewerealreadycallingthe "DanceofVitus,"becausehehadefiectedsomanycures.DiocletianofferedVitusandhiscompanionsrichrewardsiftheywouldrenounceChristianityandreturntotheworshipof thepagangods.Attheirrefusalhe orderedthetriotobeputtodeath.

Social

Mrs.J.J.Raphaelwashostessatthe AdelphiHotellastSaturdayafternoon, whenabouttwentyyoungfriendsof MissNellBryantwerepresenttowish hergoodluckonherapproachingmarriagetoMr.J.Gurry.Nelllookedchic inablacksuitrelievedwithwhite,and woreasprayofwhiteroses.Quitea numberofprettyandusefulgiftswere received.

theBoardofSocialStudiesatSydney University.Butsheisallowedtoretainalectureshipinsocialstudiesand thuskeepsintouchwiththestudents.

MissConnieMoffatt,MA.,whoaccompaniedMissParkertoWashington in1928,remainsheadoftheAlmoners' DepartmentattachedtoSt.Vincent's Hospital,Sydney.MissEileenDavidson,MA.,whowenttoWashingtonin 1932,isnowDeputy-DirectorofRehabilitationfortheRedCrossinSouth Australia.Shehasbeenheadofthe Almoners'DepartmentatLewisham Hospital,Sydney,duringthepastsix years. *To

NATIONALISEDBANKING.

Sir,-Withreferencetotheleading articlethatappearedundertheabove headinginthe"WestAustralian"of July15,alltheHeadsofeveryChristianDenominationhavestressedthe pointthatthecreditofthenationbelongstotheshareholdersofthenation, andnottotheshareholdersofthe banks,whorepresentjustasectionof thepeopleasagainstthewhole.Nobodyhasarighttoobtaina"rake-off" fromthebloodandsufferingsofothers oroutofanationalemergency.

Controlofmoneyundermodernconditonsmeansthecontrolofeverything, andisthereforeagainstallideasofDemocracy.Itleadstogovernmentwithoutresponsibility."AllowmetocontrolthecreditofanationandIcare notwhomakesitslaws,"saidamemo.beroftheRothschildfamily.

Withregardtotheinflationbogey generallyusedtofrightenpeopleinto votingagainstgivingthenationcontroloverourmoneysystem,itmust berememberedthatthemonetarysystemisman-made,andthereforecanbe keptundercontrol.

Thereisnoreasonwhywecannot havemathematicalasagainstpolitical control.Wewantequationandnot inflation,deflationorre-flation,and

Poland's"Curzon Line"

Inviewoftheinterestshownby thepressinthefutureofRusso-Polishrelations,thefollowingarticle,explainingtherealmeaningoftheCurzonLine,shouldbeofinteresttoour readers.ItiscondensedfromanarticlebyAdamPragier,aProfessorof theWarsawUniversityandamember ofthepresentNationalCouncilin London:

The"CurzonLine,"whichisbrought upwheneverthequestionofPoland's easternprovincesisdiscussedinthe press,isusuallyreferredtoasafrontierbasedontheethnographicalprinciple,andsuggestedbytheAllied Powersafterthelastwar.Inactual factthis"frontier"wasrejectedby PolandandlaterrenouncedbyRussiaintheRigaTreatyofMarch8, 1921.

TheTreatyofVersailles,signed whentheAlliedPowersdidnotrecogniseSovietRussiaandthoughtthere wasapossibilityofaTsaristrestoration,fixedmerelyatemporarylineof demarcationbetweenRussiaandPa landandauthorisedthePolishGovernmenttoorganisearegularadministrationintheeasternterritorieswithinthisline.Atthesametimethe CouncilstatedthatPolandwasentitledtoclaimcertainlandlyingto theeastofthisline.

Thislinewasnotcalledthe"CurzonLine"untilJuly,1920,wheninthe midstofthePolish-SovietwarLord Curzon,theBritishForeignSecretary, appealedtotheSovietandPolishGovernmentstohalttheirtroopsfifty kilometrestotheeastofthatline.

ThefortunesoftheBritishmediationeffortandofthe"CurzonLine" whichwasconnectedwithitwere strangeindeed.TheSovietGovernmentrememberedthattheAllied Powershadpreventedthefixingofa

permanentfrontierinthehopeofseeingTsarismrestored.

WhenLordCurzonmadehismediationoffertheSovietGovernmentrepliedthatitdeniedanyrightofmediationtoGreatBritainandwaspreparedtograntPolandafrontier whichwasmorefavourablethanthe lineofdemarcationproposedbyLord Curzon.

ThePolish-Sovietfrontierfixedin theRigaTreaty,signedbyRussiaand Polandin1921,runseastofthe"CurzonLine."TheWesternPowersrecognisedPoland'seasternfrontiersin 1923.TheSoviet-Polishfrontierwas observedbySovietRussiauntil,in September,1939,SoviettroopsinvadedPoland.

IthasbeenstatedintheBritish pressthatRussiahadoccupiedPolish territoriesuptothe"CurzonLine"in 1939,andthenhaddeliberatelystoppedbecauseoftheethnographiccharacterofthisline.Thisisincorrect. TheSovietoccupationofEastern Polandwasactuatedbystrategic ratherthanethnographicmotives.

Theeasternprovincesbelongedto Polandalwaysorforlongcenturies. MostofthemneverbelongedtoRussiaoronlyduringthecomparatively shortperiodofPoland'spartitions.

NOTEDIRISHJESUITPROFES.SOR,AUTHOR.

FatherTimothyCorcoran,S.J.,for 33yearsprofessorofeducationatUniversityCollege,Dublin,andauthorof anumberofwell-knownbooksoneducationalhistoryandkindredsubjects, diedrecentlyinDublinattheageof 71. HetaughtatClongowesWood CollegebeforecompletinghiseducationatLouvain.FatherCorcoran wasamemberofseveralGovernment commissions,includingtheCommittee onIntermediateEducation,theCommissionfortheReorganisationofSecondaryEducationinIreland,andthe IrishMSS.Commission.Hehadbeen amemberoftheUniversitySenate since1924.

ONTHEWAY.

Apersonmaybeonthewaytogood fortuneandnotbeawareofit.Itis awiseprecautiontohaveaticketin theNo.167CharitiesConsultation.The firstprizeis£1,000.

SHOES

featuredbyAhern's fashionedbyParagon

thisaprivatelyownedbankingsystem cannotgiveus.-Yours,etc., COMMONSENSE.

IRISHNATIONAL DANCING.

Sir,-Inyournewscolumnsthereappearedareportofarecententertainment,inwhichmarkedreferencewas madetooneoftheitemspresentedas "Irishtapdance."Mayitbepointedoutfortheguidanceororganisers andothersconnectedwithentertainments,whohavearegardforwhat oftencomprisesaveryconsiderable proportionoftheirfunctions,that thereisnosuchthingintraditional Irishdancingat"Irishtapdance."

Anothermatterwhichattimes, throughitsutterridiculousness,causes indignation,isthefrockingportrayed by"IrishColeens."

MySociety'sIrishStepDancingControlCommitteeinstructsmetoaddress thislettertoyouforpublication,and tointimatethatwhenanexhibitionis desireditwillarrangewithoneofthe teacherswhoarefullyqualifiedtoteach traditionalIrishnationalstepdancing, toprovidesuchanexhibitionbydancersbecominglyattired,onreceiptof timelywrittenrequest.-Yours,etc., JAS.DWYER, GeneralSecretary.

PARAGON"DUTCHIE" SUEDEANDLIZARDTIES, 40/3.

Paragon"Dutchie"SuedeandLizard5-Hole Tie LizardApronVampandTongue,High CubanHeels.InBlack,Brown,Navy.MultipleFittings.40/3pairand8Coupons.

PARAGON"PERFECTION" BLACKKIDCOURTS, 40/3.

Paragon"Perfection"BlackKidHighCutGussetCourts,withBlackSnakeskinInlayDown Vamp.Medium.Heels,MultipleFittings.40/3 pairand8Coupons.

PERTH.THURSDAY,JULY22,1943.

SupportfortheCW.O.

CatholicinitiativeinthepatrioticworkoftheC.W.O.should :..ervetodispelonceandforallthoseerroneousnotionsregarding thecivicloyaltyoftheCatholiccommunitywhicharoseinthepast andhaveevenasmallcurrencyatthepresenttime.Thecharge wasalwaysabsurdtoanyonewhocaredaboutobjectivetrt:th,becauseitisnotpossibletobeapracticalCatholicandrefusedue respectandobediencetothelawfuldemandsofthetemporal power.ItmaybetruethatCatholicsNverenotsonoisilydemonstrativeintheirloyaltyascertainothers-afactwhichissufficientlyexplainedbyapropersenseofdignityandofthefitnessof things,andalsobytheunfortunateplayofhistoricalcircumstance. Inanycase,whatevermayhavebeenlackinginpatrioticorganisationathomedidnotariseoutofaspiritofdisloyalty,asisproved bythestrikingpercentageofCatholicenlistmentsintheA.I.F. * * * *

TheprimaryemphasisoftheCatholiceffortfortheduration ofthiswarwillbe,ofcourse,onthespiritual.Toassurethat CatholicsoldiershaveproperfacilitiesforattendingMass,receivingtheSacraments,andfulfillingtheirotherreligiousduti..!s,wil: beourchiefconcern.Andthisisperhapsthegreatestservice thatcanberenderedtothementhemselves,andtothenation. Fortheaftermathofwarischieflyterribleinthespiritualhavoc thatcomesuponthenations.ButCatholicswillalsobeconcernedtoprovideadecentmaterialenvironmentandmodestcomfortsforthetroops.Andindoingsotheywillnotbeinspired byvenalmotives,foralltheservicesoftheC.W.O.areprovided withoutcosttothetroops.Itisalargeprojectbutonetowhich theCatholicspiritcanandwillrise.SimilarCatholicorganisationsexistinotherStates,andthecumulativeeffortoftheirselfsacrificeandpatrioticlabourswilldemonstratetotheirfellowcitizensthatCatholicpublicspiritandcivilloyaltyhavesetastandard itwillbedifficulttooutstrip.

Thefirstphaseofthework-thebuilding,furnishing.andpayingfortheHuts,hasbeencompletedverysuccessfully.Thesecond,thatofsustainingtheeffort,commences,andisperhapsmore difficultthanthefirst.Themaintenanceofanattendant,theprovisionofliteratureandstationery,andtheupkeepofthealtars, etc.,callforaconsiderablesumofmoney,andtheexecutive,realisingtheincreasingfinancialstresswhichthetimesinvolve,arereluctanttobecompelledtomakeperiodicalappeals.IthasthereforebeendecidedtohaveoneannualdrivethroughouttheArchdiocese,andtoenrolCatholicsintheWelfareOrganisationata yearlyfeeofIs.permember.Thecommitteeisconfidentthatit can,throughouttheArchdiocese,secureamembershipof10,000. Thedrive,whichwilltakeplaceonSunday,July25,hasmuchto commendit.Themembershipfeeiswithinthereachofall,and thoughthefinancialcallupontheindividualwillbesowidespread astobenegligible,thegrandtotalanticipatedbytheorganisers willbeasubstantialsumandwillensuretheprogressandcontinuityofthework.Thedrivewill,moreover,lendagreater coherencytotheCatholicWelfareOrganisation,andwilldispel anydoubtsregardingtheloyalty,theinitiative.andthegenerosity oftheCatholiccommunityinthewareffort.

*

ItisapointworthstressingthattheCatholic'WelfareOrganisationisnotpurelyadenominationaleffort.Truly,itsprimary purposeistoprovideadequatelyforthespiritualneedsofCatholic soldiers,forintheabnormaltimeofwarunaccustomedclangers besetthecareerofasoldier,andtheneedofsupernaturalstrength andcouragewhichreligionalonegivesisintensified.ButtheCatholicWelfareOrganisationaimsalsotolendagenerousmeasure ofmaterialassistancetosoldiersofeveryreligionorofnone. ThedoorsofitsHutsareopentoall,andthereisnodiscrimination inthebestowalofwhatevermaterialnecessitiesandcomfortsit canprovide.Thishasbeengenerallyrecognised.andisattested bythefactthatnon-Catholicmerchantsandtradershavesupportedtheorganisationverygenerouslyincashandkind.IftheresponsetoSunday'sdriveisaslargeandspontaneousastheorganisersreasonablyanticipate,itmaybepossibleinthefuturetoextendthescopeoftheCatholicWelfareOrganisationbothasregardsthesoldiersthemselvesandtheirdependants.Butsuchdevelopmentwould,ofcourse,heindirectratiotothesuccessofthis annualmembershipdrive.Inviewofthefinecommencement thathasbeenmade,thereisnodoubtthattheCatholiccommunity willrisespeciallytothisoccasion,andenabletheCatholicWelfare Organisationtoachieveresultswhichwillbeasourceofprideto themselves.andamatterofcongratulationfromallsectionsofthe community,bothinthepresentandinthefuture.

1943CourseinGregorian Chant

BroadcastsbyRev.FatherLynch OverStations6PR,6TZ,6PM, 6AMand6KG

TheRev.FatherLynchwillbroadcasttotheschoolsoftheArchdiocese onFriday,July30,andFriday,August 6,from2.30p.m.to3p.m.Theboys oftheCathedralChoirwilldemonstrate.MassNo.XI,"OrbisFactor," CredoNo.3,theAdoroTe,AveVerum, TantumErgoNo.1,andAdoremusNo. 1willbedealtwith.

Thisboadcastshouldreachallthe schoolsoftheArchdiocese.Themetropolitanschoolscanalleasilyhear either6PRor6PM;theWheatArea 6AM,andtheSouth6TZ.

TheGoldfieldsbroadcastfrom6KG willberelayedonAugust4and11,at 11a.m.

ThoseschoolsnotpossessingaRadio shouldmakearrangementsfortheir scholarstohearthesebroadcasts,and thechildrenshouldhavetheirtext books,e.g.,"PlainChantforSchools," orthemanualissuedbyRev.DomS. Moreno,O.S.B.

Themetropolitanexaminationswill takeplaceinAugust,andinthecoun tryduringSeptember,Octoberand November.ThecombinedChildren's Mass,atwhichHisGracetheArchbishopwillpreside,istobecelebratedon September8,inSt.Mary'sCathedral; onSeptember6,inFremantle,andin Kalgoorlieatadatetobeannounced later.

SundayisAnnualAppealofC.W.O. STATEWIDEEFFORT

TOENROL10,000MEMBERS.

TheexecutiveoftheC.W.O.hasorganised,onaState-wide basis,anall-outefforttoreachamembershipof10,000,forthecurrentyear.Iftheobjectiveisattainedanalltime"high"willresult,astheeffortdemandsanincreaseof2,000membersonthepresentenrolment.Iftheorganisersoftheappealcouldrelyona 4momentaryconsiderationbyCatholicsofthegreatnationaland spiritualvalueoftheworkwhichisthedailyroutineofthe C.W.O.,thentherewouldbenodoubtofthesuccessoftheappeal.

Viewedfromanyangle,itisatonceadutyandaprivilegeto beassociatedwiththewelfareofourFightingForces.ItwouldindeedbeaselfishAustralian,andamoreselfishCatholic,whowould denyasubscriptionofIs.peryeartoensurethecontinuanceof C.W.O.welfaretooursoldiers,sailorsandairmenuntilvictoryis achieved.ButAustralianCatholicsarecertainlynotselfishin theirattitudetonationalaffairs;statisticsprovethereverse,and therecordofC.W.O.worktodateisstillgreaterproofthatthe futurefinancialrequirementsoftheC.W.O.willbeassured.It wasforthcominginthedarkerdaysoftheWar,andlastyear, whenmostnormalroutineswerebadlydislocatedwithinvasion scaresandthethreatofAvaronourownshores,theC.W.O.membershipreached8,000.

Nowwhentheimmediatethreathasbeengreatlyrelieved,it isfeltthatCatholicsinW.A.generallywillhavemoreopportunity quietlytoconsidertheclaimoftheC.W.O.thateverymanand womanintheStateshouldbecomeamemberoftheorganisation bysecuringamembershipcardfromhelpersonSunday,July25,in exchangeforthecurrentmembershipfeeofls.Seethatyougive reasonableconsiderationtothematter,andmakeupyourmind onthequestionnow.ShouldyouassisttheC.W.O.tocontinue itsworkatacosttoyouofls.annually.

A1

Jeso1171y //

Thecharmingandwelllovedthreeactcomedy,"Pego'MyHeart,"which openedattheRepertoryTheatre,West AustralianChambers,104St.George's Terrace,onFriday,July16,willbe presentedeachFridayandSaturday untilAugust7.Althoughtheofficial nights,afterJuly24,arenotforthe C.W.O.,ticketsareonsalebyC.W.O. sellersuntilAugust8,andthefull valueofeveryticketsoldforC.W.O. duringthatperiodgoestoC.W.O. funds.Ticketsellershaveafull monthinwhichtoselltickets,andyou haveafullmonthinwhichtoseethe play.Irishairshavebeenselected bytheorchestra,andyou,oneandall, willenjoythis,thestoryofanIrish lasswhogoestobeeducatedinto highercircles.Ticketsare2/6,and theC.W.O.needsyourhelp.Ifyou havenotalreadypurchasedaticket, obtainyoursto-day.

(position intE-aeCity

ExpositionoftheBlessedSacrament isheldeveryThursdayintheChapel oftheCatholicGirls'Movement,Bank ofN.S.W.Chambers,65St.George's Terrace,nexttoWarwickHouse.A cordialinvitationisextendedtothe Catholicpeoplegenerallytopaya visitduringtheday.ExpositioncommencesafterMassat8o'clock,and concludeswithBenedictionofthe BlessedSacramentat5.45p.m.Those desiringtodosomayplacetheir namesontherosteroutsidetheChapel.

QUARANT'ORE

JULY: Sunday. ..4th.-LEAROYDSTREETand TOODYAY:OneDayofExposition.

AUGUST.

lst.-BUSSELTON:OneDayofExposition.

2nd.-MOSMANPARKOneDayof Exposition.

ObsequiesofLateSenator

Cunningham

StateFuneralinPerth

SenatorJamesCunningham,PresidentoftheSenate,diedsuddenlyat theAlburyHospital,N.S.W.,onJuly 4.RequiemMassforthereposeofhis soulwasofferedintheSt.Mary's Church,Leederville,onJuly15,byRt. Rev.MonsignorMoloney,inthepresenceofadensecongregation.AfterwardsaStatefuneraltookplaceinthe KarrakattaCemetery.Thecortege lefttheChurchat3p.m.,passing throughaguardofhonourofchildren fromtheConventSchool.Fromthe TradesHalltotheendofSt.George's Terraceitwasprecededbyapoliceescort.Trafficwashaltedandhundreds ofpeoplelinedthestreetsasthefuneralprocessionpassed.

Theintermenttookplaceat4p.m., andtherewasalargeandrepresentativegatheringatthegraveside.The obsequieswereconductedbytheVery

ourandChildWelfare,W.H.Kitson(MinisterforEducationandPolice);E.H.Gray(HonoraryMinister): E.Nulsen(MinisterforJusticeand Railways);A.Coverley(Ministerfor North-West);Hon.SirJohnKirwan (PresidentofLegislativeCouncil)Mr. L.L.Leake(ClerkofLegislativeCouncil);W.R.Hall,C.B.Williams,J.M. DrewandG.WMiles,M's.L.C.;J.B. Sleeman(SpeakerLegislativeAssembly),W.Patrick,J.Lemmon,M.L.A. Victoria),F.C.L.Smith(rep.Eastern GoldfieldsA.L.P.),Capt.H.Raphael, Pte.E.J.F.Holman,F.J.Withers, T.Fox,D.J.Leahy,J.Tonkin,C.Cross, A.A.Wilson,M's.L.A.,Mr.President Dwyer;Capt.M.P.McDonough;T.G. Davies(StateEecutive,A.L.P.)P.J. Trainer(ArbitrationCourt);G.Foley (W.A.TimberWorkers'Union):G. KeatingandC.A.Gough(W.A.A.S.of

Rev.FatherJ.Fahey,assistedbythe RightRev.MonsignorMoloney.

Thechiefmournerswere:Mrs.A. 1Cunningham(widow),Mary(daughter),JackandMartin(R.A.A.P.),sons; Mr.J.Cunningham(brother),MesdamesJ.CunninghamandA.Emerson(sisters-in-law),Mr.A.Emerson (brother-in-law),MesdamesT.Rice, andA.Wallace(nieces),Messrs.J. Cunningham,G.Richardson,J.Emerson(R.A.A.F.),T.Rice,andA.Wallace(nephews).

Thepall-bearerswere:TheMinisteforExternalTerritories(SenatorJ. M.Fraser),representingtheCommonwealthGovernment;theActingPremierandMinisterforWorks(Mr.H. Millington),representingtheState Government;theMinisterforMines (Mr.A.H.Panton),representingthe AustralianWorkers'Union,ofwhichhe isStatePresident;SenatorR.E. Clothier,representingtheDeputyPresilentoftheSenate,SenatorG.Brown; SenatorH.B.Collett,representingthe OppositionintheSenate;Mr.H.V. Johnson,M.H.R.,representingthe SpeakerintheHouseofRepresentatives(Mr.Rosevear);Mr.E.Needham, M.L.A.,representingtheStateExecutiveoftheAustralianLabourParty; andMr.W.McInnes,J.P.,aclose friendofthefamily.

AmongthosepresentwereRev.BrotherP.A.Conlon,Col.R.R.Smith(representingtheGovernor-General,Lord Gowrie),Col.C.H.E.Manning(representingtheLieut.-Governor,Sir JamesMitchell),Mr.J.English(Staff oftheSenate,Canberra),SenatorC. G.Latham(rep.LeaderoftheOpposition,Mr.A.Fadden),Cr.H.Baker (rep.theLordMayorofPerth,Dr. Meagher),InspectorJ.J.Doyle(rep. theCommissionerofPoliceandthe '1PoliceDepartment),T.W.Marwick, M.H.R.;W.M.Nairn,M.H.R.;J.H. Prowse,M.H.R.;A.R.G.Hawke (MinisterIndustrialDevelopment,Lab-

R.E.)J.C'.Plater(I3armaids'and Barmen'sUnion)F.W.Smith(MunicipalandRoadBoardsEmp.Union); V.Ulrichand11.Mowday(Clerks' Union)S.F.Schnaars(Coachbuilders' Union);C.H.Webb(Loco.Drivers' Union)A.W.Taylor(A.M.I.E.U.); G.Severn (HospitalEmployees' Union);J.V.Granland(Transport Workers'Union)G.W.Jones(Printers'Union)R.Thornett(Fremantle Lumpers'Union);F.Mann(Fremantle TradesHall)W.J.Moore(FlourMillers'Union)J.McGregor(Builders' Labourers'Union);B.G.Deering Bricklayers'Union, J.Coram (Plumbers'Union):G.Bradshaw (F.E.D.andF.A.)E.Ketterer(Carpenters'Union);J.F.Newman,L.J. Smith,A.CoulehanandM.K.Healy (Amal.Eng.Union)C.Miller(A.W.U., Kalgoorlie)C.H.Golding(A.W.U.) M.Wynn(Caretakers'TradesHall): E.B.Sinclair(Manager,StateSaw Mills)J.J.Kenneally(LotteriesCommission);S.B.Donovan(Agricultural Bank);G.McCartney(FremantleHarbourTrust,P.J.MooneyandM.J. Cahill(Lic. Bench)J.C.Hutchinson(Una.Sec.WaterSupply) W.S.Andrew-AderSec.forWorks); F.W.Warman'liefInspectorof

HolyFather's Thanks..

HisGracetheArchbishophasreceivedthefollowingletterfromHisEminenceCardinalMaglione,Secretaryof StatetoHisHolinessPopePiusXII,in acknowledgementofthePeter'sPence Collectionfor1942,andofdonations fromtheClergyandReligiousofthe ArchdiocesetowardsthenewChurch ofSt.Eugene,beingerectedtocommemoratetheSilverJubileeofthe EpiscopalConsecrationofHisHoliness:"FromtheVatican.

"YourGrace,-

"IntheobservanceoftheSilver JubileeofHisEpiscopalConsecration, theHolyFatherhasderivedgreatsatisfactionandcomfortfromthespiritual andmaterialparticipationthereinof Hisbelovedchildrenthroughoutthe world.Thattheclergyandfaithful ofyourArchdiocesehavelikewisedesiredtohaveaparticularshareinthat observanceisevidencedbytheirvery generouscontributiontowardsthefund fortheerectionoftheChurchofSt. Eugene.Forthisoffering,inthe amountof£A105lls6d,andforthe Peter'sPenceof£A533,HisHolinessis profoundlygrateful,andbidsmeassureyouofHisheartfeltappreciation ofthefilialanddevotedattachmentto theVicarofChristonearthwhichinspiredthisgenerosity.

"IntestimonyofHispaternalbenevolenceandasapledgeofdivine grace,theSovereignPontiffcordially impartstothebeloveddonorsHisspecialApostolicBenediction.

"Withsentimentsofesteemandreligiousdevotion,Iam, "SincerelyyoursinChrist, "L.CARD.MAGLIONE."

Factories)W.R.Rogers(Royal Mint'W.Wauhop(President,FremantleDistrictCouncilA.L.P.)D.A. Mountjov(MidlandCouncil,A.L.P.): R.M.B.Elliott(CanningA.L.P.);M. Callaghan(NavalDockyardPolice) S.Johnston,A.Clementson("West Australian"):J.R.Sharpies("Daily News");A.Marusich(President,JugoSlays'ImmigrationAssn.);H.G.Hummerston(TrottingAssn.);T.Deane. C.S.Gallagher,H.Hesford,Sergt.J. Doolan,J.J.Prendergast,W.C.Angwin,J.P.;J.T.McLoughlin,R.Burns, Jas.Ryan,M.P.Cogan,E.J.Reilly, R.J.Cavanagh,J.Ryan,A.Dupuy, CT.Oliver,A.S.McDougall,J.C. Tobin,C.J.Murphy,D.K.Bogue,C,J. King,W.Hengsley,A.D.Hynam,E. Dalton,L.Kelly,L.J.Corbett,A.J. Luck,F.J.Curran,J.Moran,H.H. Stone,A.Joyce,P.J.Roxby,H.L. Wells,W.J.Joyce,E.J.Holland,H. J.Prater,A.E.Jensen,E.Fuhrmann, J.Sherlock,R.Purcell,T.Carter,E. Brosnan,J.Quinn,V.Nugent,A.Scott, J.McInnes,P.Cilfuis,F.Byrne,J.E. Smith,F.Guyatt,W.Bartley,A.Watson,G.M.Jordan,A.W.Curran,G.H. Smith,R.W.Smith,W.McLure,P. O'Dea,W.Davies,J.S.McKenna,F. Hughes,J.P.,D.Landeyer,F.Rickard, T.Kelly,M.Galvin,H.J.Smith,F. Alexander,T.Quigley,J.Chinnery,J. Lowry,S.R.Corry,F.J.Edmonds,J. W.Burgess,V.Covacevich,D.Fitzgerald,J.Walton,C.F.Hays,J.Skehan, J.E.Dore,J.L.Maher,F.Carrick,P. E.Murdoch,M.Conway,F.Kennedy, P.McMahon,M.Costello,P.F.Ryan, T.G.Ryan,G.J.Rainoldi,F.R.Welsh, WG.Dixon,E.W.Corboy,G.Bailey,

SocialJusticeSessions

BROADCASTFROMSTATIONS6PR-TZ,JULY23,AT6.30p.m.,AND FOLLOWINGWEEKS.

ANEXPLANATIONOF FORPEACE"

ByMR.K.F.SPRUHAN,Editorof"TheRecord." (SPONSOREDBYTHECATHOLICSOCIALGUILD).

tOe

citrObiocese

ARCHBISHOP'SENGAGEMENTS.

July25:CanonicalVisitationandConfirmationatSacredHeartChurch, Beverley.

August1-9.30a.m.:Ordinationtothe SacredPriesthoodattheChurchof theHolyRosary,Nedlands.

Afternoon:CanonicalVisitationand ConfirmationatSt.Joachim'sChurch. VictoriaPark.

August2-4p.m.:PresideatReception CeremonyatSt.Mary'sConvent, Leederville.

August6-8.30a.m.:PresideatCeremonyofReceptionattheNovitiate oftheSistersofMercy,Victoria Square.

August8-10.30a.m.:PresideatSolemnHighMassattheRedemptorist Monastery,NorthPerth,ontheoccasionofthecelebrationoftheFeast ofSt.Alphonsus.

August8-3p.m.:OpeningofnewSocialRoomsoftheThirdOrderofSt. Francis.

August15:CanonicalVisitationand ConfirmationatSt.Mary's,Kalgoorlie.

August22:CanonicalVisitationand Confirmation,atAllHallows',Boulder,andSt.Mary's,Coolgardie.

CHANGEOFPUBLISHING DAY.

Asfromnextweek,"TheRecord"willbepublishedonWednesdaysinsteadofThursdaysas inthepast.Thischangehasbeen decideduponinorderthatsubscribersmayreceivetheircopies bySunday,whichsomewerefailingtodoowingtothewartime dislocationofpostalservices. Advertisementsandcopymust henceforthreach"TheRecord" OfficebymiddayonTuesdayof eachweek.

W.A.Halligan,W.J.Matthews,V.L. Clifford,F.Walker,D.Fahey,D.J. Greene,F.W.Buggins,A.Wallis,R. Richardson,W.Malone,M.Cranley,A. Clydesdale,D.Freedman,A.McMahon, J.Pendlebury,E.Clear;Mesdames JohnCurtin(rep.LabourWomen's CentralExecutive);R.Fuhrmann (LabourWomen'sCentralExecutive andJustices'Assn.)F.Alexander,G. M.Jordan,A.Scott,M.Cox(Cleaners' andCaretakers'Union);F.Hayes,A. Coverley,Fenton,senr.,O'Leary,J.M. Fraser,E.Tangney,P.J.Mooney,P. Nevill,A.T.Wallace,Lynch,J.Lonsdale,Beirbidge,Aldersea,E.Dowd,J. Maher,A.Wilkie,H.Reader,F. Reader,Keeley,E.Wallis,C.Hammond;MissesE.Hooton(Labour Women'sCentralExecutive),Dorothy Tangney,DollyRichardson,M.Brosnan,T.Ryan,M.Smith,andM. Holmes.

ThefuneralarrangementswerecarriedoutbyMessrs.BowraandO'Dea.

BeforeenteringFederalpolitics, SenatorCunninghamhadservedin bothHousesoftheWestAustralian ParliamentandwasHonoraryMinisterintheCollierLabourGovernment. BeforeelectiontotheW.A.Legislative Council,inJuly,1916,SenatorCunninghamwassecretaryoftheKalgoorlie Miners'Union.HewasM.L.A.for Kalgoorlie,1923-36,andwasMinister withoutPortfolio,1924.LaterhebecameMinisterforCountryWaterSupply.UponretiringfromStatepolitics hebeganfarmingatMullewa.Hewas bornin1879.

InatributetothelateSenator,the PrimeMinistersaid:"InWA.,andindeedintheCommonwealth,therewill besorrowatthepassingofafaithful. ableandpatrioticAustralian."

THELASTPRAYERSATTHEGRAVESIDE.

Catholic Qirls'Vovement

*HEADQUARTERSANDCLUB-ROOMS:

BankofN.S.W.Chambers,65St.George'sTerrace (nearSherwoodCourt)-Rooms:7-10FirstFloor

CALENDARofACTIVITIES

SHORTHAND-5-6.30p.m.,Monday,Tuesday,Friday.

DRAMATICS-8p.m.,TuesdayandFriday.

HOMECRAFTS--Monday,8p.m.

E.S.C.-Monday,8p.m.

DANCE-CecilBuildings,8p.m.,Tuesday.

NURSES'PRAESIDIUM,8p.m.,Tuesday.

DRESSMAKING-7-9.30p.m.,Wednesday.

MASS,8a.m.Exposition,Benediction,5.45p.m.,Thursday

ORCHESTRAANDSWINGBAND,8p.m.,Friday.

Sunday,July25:C.W.O.MembershipDrive,allParishes.

Monday,July26:CanteenDuty,L.B.A.Group,TownHall.

Wednesday,July28:CanteenDuty,C.G.M.Group,TownHall.

CATHOLICWELfARE ORGANISATION

ThisSunday,July25,istheC.W.O. annualappealday.Membersofthe Movementwillcollectsubscriptionsat theChurchdoorsbeforeandaftereach Massinthevariousparishes.Those whohavenotyetseen"Pego'My Heart"arerecommendedtodoso,for itisamostentertainingperformance, andinadditiontheproceedswillbenefittheC.W.O.,whichisatleastdeservingasanyotherorganisation.As onlyoneappealayearismade,itis uptoustodothebestwecantobring inthefundswhicharesomuchneeded,andsowellused.Membersare remindedthatmoneyandunsoldticketsmustbereturnedbyAugust9at theverylatest;earlierifpossible.

REDCROSS-E.S.C.

Thefirstoftheseriesoflectureswas givenonMonday,July19,anddealt with"HaemorrhageandShock."These lectureswillbegiveneverythirdMonday;thenextwillbeonAugust2.All memberswhocanattendareexpected todoso,andanygirlsinterestedin E.S.C.workareinvitedtobepresent.

YouthSpecific)

JOINOURNEWACTIVITY.

Girls,thisisjustwhatwehavebeen waitingfor-adebatingclub.Itmight soundabitoutofyourdepthatfirst, butifyougetdowntotin-tacks,debatingiswithinthereachofall,and besidesbeinginterestingitprovidesa neverendingstreamofhumourat times.

Thetopicswhichweproposetodiscussrangefromcosmetics,inwhich youareallinterested,topost-warreconstruction,andevenifyoudonot wishtovoiceyouropinion,comealong andlisten-in. Believemeyouwill haveathrillingnight.

Anygirlwhoisinterestedmaycall inattheClubRoomsandhandinher name,andshewillbenotifiedfurther.

CanteenService

Thefollowingdateshavebeenarranged:L.B.A.Group, July26:TownHall. C.G.M.Group. July28:TownHall.

Exposition

"Iwantedyou-youdidnotcome, Wherewereyou?"

Doesthatapplytoyou?OurLord iswaitingforyouinourChapelevery Thursdayfrom8a.m.till6p.m.Lots ofpeople,youngandold,cometovisit Himthere.Ifyouhavenotdoneso yet,doyouthinkyoucouldslipup duringthelunchhour,orafterwork, ifnoothertimeisavailable?

TapDancers,PleaseNote

Wehopetoputonaballetnumber atournextconcertifsufficienttap dancerscanbefound.Anymembers whoareinterested,pleasegetintouch withCatherineKaneatlunchtime,or leavetheirnamesandtelephonenumberswiththeSecretary(B4836)during thecomingweek.

Debutantes,AttentionPlease

Thefirstrehearsalwillbeheldat11 o'clockatCathedralHall,onSunday, August1. Allintendingdebutantes areexpectedtobepresent.

Choir

Brrr!Yes,weknowthenightsare coldnow,butdon'tletthatkeepyou awayfrompractises.Thenextconcertisdrawingsteadilynearer,andit isonlybyregularattendanceanddiligentpractisethatwecanreachthe standardwehavesetourselves.So remember,girls,choirpracticeon Thursdaynightwithoutfail.

TheNominalCatholic

IsHeConsistent?

Nomanlikestobetoldthatheis inconsistent.Theassertionthathe issoisapttoirritatehimconsiderably,evenifitbeafalsehood;and itbecomesespeciallydistastefuland annoyingifithappenstobethetruth. Tobelieveorprofesstobelieveone thingandyetactinamannerthatis thelogicaloutcomeofabeliefin somethingelseentirelycontradictory -thisissoderogatorytoourdignity andself-respectthatweveryrarely, ifever,pleadguiltytothecharge.

Ifthereisonethingthatwillanger usmorequickly,itistobetoldthat welackcommonsense.Withthis facultyweallflatterourselvesthat wehavebeenveryliberallyendowed. Inourinmostconsciousness,weare perhapsprettywellsatisfiedthatProvidencehasbeenmoreliberaltousin thisrespectthantomostothers.Indeed,sohighlydoweprizethegift thattoquestionourpossessingitis aninsult.

Inconsistency. ThenominalCatholiccallshimself aconsistentbeing;andyet,knowing thathissalvationistheonlysubject thatpossessesforhimanylastinginterest,heoccupieshimselfaboutevery otherpossiblesubjectthansalvation. Heknowsthathemustdie,andthat hisreallifewillnotbeginuntilhehas reachedtheothersideofthetomb; andheactsnotonlyasifthislife weremoreimportantthantheother, butveryoftenasiftherewereno other.

ThereisnodoubtthatsuchaCatholicintimatelybelievesthatthe onequestionhewillhavetoanswer athisjudgmentis:"Howhaveyou servedGod?"Yethelivesas thoughheweretobeasked:"How muchmoneyhaveyoumade?Have youlivedanddressedaswellasyour neighbour?Haveyoubeenhighly esteemedinsociety?Haveyou securedhonourablepositions?"He isthoroughlyconvincedthatGodis hisCreator,andassuchhassupreme dominionoverhimandallhispossessions;thatheisGod'screature, andforthatreasoncannothavewith respecttoGodanyrelationsthatcan properlybecalledrights-andyethis dailylifeisindirectoppositiontothis convention.Hemeasurestheamount ofservicethatGodshouldrequire fromhim;specifiesinhisheartthe boundariesoverwhichGodmustnot come;grumblesattheexcessiverigourofdivineandecclesiasticallawsnay,perhapstransgressesthoselaws habitually.

LackofCommonSense.

ThenegligentCatholicprideshimselfuponhiscommonsense;and, firmlybelievingthattodieinmortal sinistobeplungedintohell;know-

ing,too,thatitmayverywellhappen tohim,astothousandsofothers,to diebeforeanothersunrise-helies downtosleepinthisstateofmortal sinastranquillyandunconcernedly asifforhimtherewerenodeath,no judgment,nohell.Heknowsthat servingGodishisappointedworkin thislife;andnotonlyhehimself doesnotserveGod,butheoften ridiculesthosewhodo.Hesmiles attheconductoftrulydevout,practicalChristians,andcondescendsto pitytheirchildishness.

"Religion,"hesays-orhisactions sayforhim-"isverygoodinmoderation,isallverywellinitsplace. Butthen,onemustnotgettooearnest;thereisnoneedofgrowingenthusiasticaboutthematter."God helphim!Thereisneedenough, butverylittlelikelihood,ofhisbecomingatallseriouslyinterested,let aloneenthusiastic,inthematterof hissalvation.Hecangivefreerein tohisfeelingsonsecularsubjects, butonreligiousmattershemustalwaysholdthemincheck.

Consistencyis,inverytruth,ajewel, rareenoughinmostmen,butnever sorareasinChristianswho,believing thattheaffairsofeternityareeverythingandthoseoftimenothing,so oftenliveasiftheybelievedthedirectlyoppositedoctrine.

M1158

ACHARITIES.

RingB5841andB5238.

REGISTEREDW.A.T.A.

TheColonialMutualFireInsurance COMPANYLIMITED.

FORALLCLASSESOFINSURANCE,INCLUDINGFIRE,HOUSEOWNER,andHOUSEHOLDER'SCOMPREHENSIVE,BURGLARY, PLATEGLASS,MOTORVEHICLE,CROPS,FIDELITY,GUARANTEE,WORKMEN'SCOMPENSATION,THIRDPARTY. NO.33BARRACKSTREET,PERTH.

W.L.CARTER,Manager.

ARTHURE.DAVIES&CO.

funeralDirectorsanbEmbalmers

PERTH:

Cr.Beaufortand BulwrStreets. B9400.

CLAREMONT: Opposite RailwayStation. 12177.

FREMANTLE: 85Market Street. L2225.

PARTNERS:WALLACEA.H.GREEN&GEORGEB.COCKERILL.

W.H.BRANCH

STONEHAMSTREET, OSBORNEPARK.

ESTIMATESGIVENFORALLKINDSOFEL/CTRICALWORK BREAKDOWNSPROMPTLYATTENDEDTO. Tel.B9681

INTERNATIONALFISHERIES

FRESHFISHTWICEDAILY. 131BARRACKSTREET. DELIVERIESANYWHERE.

PHONEB2974

SupplierstoHospitals,EducationalandReligiousInstitutions. WEARETHEOLDESTANDLARGESTFISHDISTRIBUTORSIN WESTERNAUSTRALIA. FRESHROASTEDPOULTRY.

ConsecrationofChildrenofMary. TheranksoftheSodalitywereconsiderablyaugmentedonSundayevening,when46youngladieswereconsecratedtotheImmaculateVirginMary.

ThesceneinSt.Mary'swasmost impressiveastheywalkedinprocession totheirreservedseats,clothedinwhite frocksandveils,andcarryinglighted candles.Theywerefollowedbythe oldermembersinfullregalia.

TheSpiritualDirector,Rev.Father McCarthy,presidedandalsopreached theoccasionalsermon,takingthebeautifulwordsoftheMagnificatforthe purpose.

Asthenumbersweresolarge,the Consecrationofaspirantswasheld duringtheafternoonmeetingofthe Sodality.

Congratulationstoallmembersof bothgroups,andespeciallytothezealousSpiritualDirectorandofficersof theCouncil.

ExaminationinReligiousInstruction.

AtpresentRev.FatherJohnMurphy, DiocesanInspectorofSchools,isconductingtheyearlyexaminationof Goldfieldsschools.

PrizePacket(Urgent).

Collectors,pleasenotethatthedraw forthefirsteightweeklyprizestakes placeonAugust1. Allcardsand moneytodatemustbehandedinbeforethatorwillnotbeincludedin thedraw.

Personal.

AvisitorofmorethanusualinterestisMr.LeonLeidle,guestofMr. DennisForkinforafewdays.

Ouroldfriend,Mr.LaurieMcDonald,spentthelastweekinhishome town.

Mr.M.Dillonhasbeenindisposed forafewdays,andisapatientinSt. JohnofGodHospital.

Anotherpatientinthesamehospital itMrs.Kenny,wifeofDr.Kenny,of theAirForce.

ThefourseminariansreturnedtoSt. I'harles',Guildford,thisweek,afteran enjoyablebreakspentattheirhomes.

Mr.0.Howard,oftheCommonwealth Railways,hasbeentransferredback toNewSouth\Vales.WhileinKalgoorliehewasanexemplaryparishioner,joininginmostoftheactivities vatSt.Mary's.Thebestwishesofa largecircleoffriendsgowithhim.

Wagin

MASSTIMETABLE.

July25:Dumbleyung,9a.m.;Wagin, 11a.m.

August1,Wagin,8a.m.;Wedgecarrup,10a.m.

S.BEECROFT-Butcher

181RokebyRoad,Subiaco.

DnlyPrimeFreshKilledMeatSold 'PhoneW1373

J.NEILSON,Optician

S.DANNELL,F.S.M.C.(London), W.A.O.A.

OPTOMETRIST, Tel.:B2014. 16PLAZAARCADE,PERTH.

PatroniseOurAdvertisers.

St.Malachi'sBranch,Highgate.

Atthemeetingon14th.inst.,the president,SisterK.Orrell,presided overagoodattendanceofmembers. LeonardJ.ClintonBurns,Leonard Lyons,CharlesGallagherandPatrick O'Neillwereadmittedandwelcomed. Thebranchwaswellrepresentedat thevisitstoSt.Mary'sBranch,Leederville,on5th.inst.,andtoSt.Anthony'sBranch,MidlandJunction,on 7th.inst.,andthehospitalityofthose brancheswasmuchappreciated.At themeetingonWednesdaynext,the branchwillbevisitedbymembersof St.Anthony'sBranch.

St.Brigid'sBranch,WestPerth.

Themeetingheldon12th.inst.was fairlywellattended,andafterwards themembershadamostenjoyabletime atbadminton.Thissplendidgameis verypopularandtheofficershave hopesthatitwillberesponsibleforattractingtothemeetingsstilllargerattendances.SeveralmembersvisitedSt. Mary'sBranchon5th.inst.,andhad amostenjoyabletime.Membersare requestedtoattendinfullforcethe meetingonMondaynext,afterwhich badmintonwillbeplayed.

RussiaandPolish Boundaries

ExtraordinaryRevelationbyMr. Slater, Readersinthedailypressrecently havebeenfavouredwithanumberof statementsfromourreturningMinistertoSovietRussia;butoneofthe mostnotablehasnotreceivedtheemphasis-whichitsimportancemerits. IntheMelbourne"Herald"ofJune 21,heisreportedassayingthatthe U.S.S.R.isresolved"onthemaintenanceofthe1914Polishborders."

In1914freePolanddidnotexist, andtheRussianborderlayconsiderablywestofWarsaw.Itisdifficult toseehowthisresolve,vouchedfor(it wouldappear)byourdiplomaticre presentative,istobereconciledwith M.Stalin'srecentassertionthatRussiawasdeterminedtosetupastrong andindependentPoland.SinceAustraliahaschargeofPolishinterestsin Russia,itseemsimportantthatthose whogovernthisCommonwealthshould inquireastotheexactpolicyofStalin's Governmentinthisregard.

NELSONStSONLIMITED MARKETREPORT

NELSON&SON,LIMITED,report asfollowsfortheirsaleofWednesday, Jvly21,1943: Goodsuppliesforwardto-dayand soldtoaparticularlykeendemand. ThequalityoftheDrakeswaspoor, andinconsequencedidnotrealise highvalues.Manyrailconsignments werereceivedtoolateforto-day'ssale, andtheywillbesoldonFriday.

QUOTATIONSATPERPAIR:

COCKERELS:Prime,15'9to169; Good.13/-to15/-;Medium,10/-to12/-.

ROOSTERS:Heavybreeds,9/-to 106;W.L.,6!-to7/6.

HENS:Good,12/6to13'6;Medium, 10/-to11'-;Light,downto7/-;W.L. (best),7/6to8/6;Inferior,downto6/-

DRAKES:Prime(noneoffering) Fair,14-'6to15'-;Medium,12/6to 13'6;Young,downto11./-;Old,5!-to 6/-.

DUCKS:Good,8'3to9/-;Old,5/-to 6/-.

TURKEYGOBBLERS:Prime,60'to69:-Good,45'-to55,-;Medium,30/to40/-;YoungandLight,downto 21/-.

TURKEYHENS:Prime,25/-to 28/6(onelotexWanneroo,37/6)Medium,15/-to20'-;Light,downto13/-.

EGGS:Hen,2/3;Medium,1/10.

ADDRESS:MetropolitanMarkets, Perth.

AncientTraditionsofCarmelites

(ContinuedfromFrontCover.)

wasbuiltonCarmel.Now,morethan ever,MarywasQueenofCarmel.

IntheMiddleAgestheCrusaders cametotheHolyPlacestowrestthe HolyPlacesfromMoslemcontrol. WiththemcameayoungEnglishman, SimonStock.Hespentsomeyears onCarmel,andonhisreturntoEuropehebroughttheOrderofCarmel withhim.SincethenCarmelshave beenfoundedovertheentireworld.St. TeresaandSt.JohnoftheCrosswere raisedbyGodtoensurethatCarmel wouldremaintruetothespiritof Elias.AndeverywherethatCarmel is,therethespiritofEliasflourishesthatspiritofprayerandunionwith GodtogetherwithloyalandtenderdevotiontoMary,QueenofCarmel.

Justwhatlovelyflowersofloveand virtuehaveflourishedwithinMary's chosengardenofCarmelthroughthe years,issomethingeternityalonewill reveal.However,inourowntimes

Godhasbeenpleasedtomanifestto theworldonesuchflower-aLittle Flower-whosepetalswereunfolded far,butafewshortyearsinCarmel. Vetthebeautyandtheperfumeofthe LittleFlowerhavewontheheartsand mindsoftheentireworld.

LikeEliasofold,St.Thereseof LisieuxreceivedamissionfromGod. TrustinglikehiminthepowerofGod's grace,sheconfidentlyundertookthat mission.WhenEliasstoodbefore Achab,heknewthathewasinvincible, becauseGodwaswithhim,"asthe Lordliveth."Thirtycenturieslater, St.Therese,dyingofconsumptionat twenty-four,couldasconfidentlyassert,"Ifeelthatmymissionisabout tobegin-toteachotherstoloveGod asIloveHim.AftermydeathI

willsendforthashowerofroses.I willspendmyheavenindoinggood uponearth."

AsaCarmeliteTheresewasinno wayexceptional.Iamconvincedthat withintheCarmelsoftheworldthere aremanysoulsasvirtuous.Shehas beenbroughtforthbyDivineProvidencebecauseshehasamessagefor themodernworld.Hermissionisto teachthisarrogant,cynical,pleasurelovingmodernagethattruegreatness consistsinhumilityofheartandchildlikeloveofGod.

Itisconsoling,bydearbrethren,to knowthatintheworldofto-daythe spiritofElias,ofSt.Teresa,ofJohnof theCross,ofSt.Therese,isstrongand fragrant.Thatinaworldwherevice andpassionareblatantandunashamed,wherenationsarehurlingthemselvesononeanotherinanorgyof bloodshed,therearesoulsenamoured ofthewildernesswhereGodwhispers tothelovingheart.

LongyearsagoIsraellanguished underalongandterribledrought.God hadmercyonHispeopleandsentthe life-givingrains,becauseoneholyman prayedonCarmel.

To-daytheworldagonisesbeneath adroughtfarmoreterrible-adrought ofGod'sgraceinthesoulsofmen.But to-daytherearemanyholysoulsprostrateinprayeronCarmel.Withthem, andsoulslikethem,liesthedestiny ofourrace.Theirhandsfastlocked inprayerwillhavetheshapingofthe world'sfuture.ForGodhaspromisedtoeachofthem,iftheybefaithful totheirsublimevocation,torevealto themthetreasuresofHisgraceand wisdom.

"Iwillleadherintothewilderness andthereIwillspeaktoherheart." WEREYOUONEOF

AreYourChildren Earning?

Parents!

Ifyouhaveboysandgirlsover14years

DeathofSisterM.Veronica

SOLEMNREQUIEMMASS.

InthechapelofSt.JohnofGodHospital,Subiaco,HisGracetheArchbishoppresided,andthirty-ninepriestsattendedtheSolemnRequiemMassfor thereposeofthesoulofSisterMary VeronicaCampbell,whohaddiedthe previousday.TheRev.FatherMcGillicuddywascelebrant,Rev.Father Donnellywasdeacon,Rev.Father O'Farrellwassub-deacon,andtheRev. FatherRaffertywasM.C.Attending theArchbishopweretheVeryRev. FatherKelly,S.J.RectorofSt.Louis College,andtheVeryRev.Dr.Kennedy,Adm.oftheCathedral.The Priests'Choir,undertheRev.Father A.Lynch,sangtheMass.

ThelateSisterVeronicawasborn atEdenderry,Offaly,Eire,thirty-one yearsago.Withhersister,SisterM. Barbara,sheenteredtheSt.Johnof GodCommunityin1934.Herfather, anothersister,andtwobrothersare livinginIreland.Shewaseducated bytheDominicanNunsattheirimportantschoolatEccles-street,Dublin. Hernovitiateover,SisterVeronicawas senttoSt.JohnofGodHospital,KalFOR

GroceryOrders RINGB141.

JamesSheahan

75BURTSTREET,

BOULDER

goorlie,in1936,wheresheremained until1940,whenshereturnedtoSubiacoforherfinalProfession.InFebruary,1941,shehadtoabandonthe activelifeofanursingsister,andfrola thentoherdeath,onMonday,July12, 1943,shewassickinbed.

Rebellionseeksaplaceinthehuman heartsotested,andexpressesitselfin irritability,impatienceandcomplaints, butsicknessandsufferingalsoexpose toourgazetheinnergiftsofholine.3 andresignationshiningthroughthe wastingandcrumblingbody.Ajoyfulacceptanceofpainbydayanddiscomfiturebynightanswerssuchachallengeinthosesoulswhosefaithis strongenoughtoseethehealingHand ofGodintheirsickness.Andfrom theirbedstheyradiatecourageand submissionandallwhocomenearthem feelbetterandworkharderforthe strengthofsuchexample.

Toallenquirieshowshefelt,and howshespentthenight,cameabrave smile,asinalow,thinvoicethedyingSistersaid:"IthinkthatIam better!"Itmatterednothowdistressfulthenighthadbeenandhow pressingthepainwasbyday,the samebravesmilegreetedallwhocame toher.Andtowardstheendofthat twoandahalfyearsofhersecondand morerevealingnovitiateasareligious, thenovitiateofsicknessthathadno hopeofrecovery,shespokeofgoingto Heavenwithouttheshadowofadoubt, inthesweetsimplicityofaninnocent child.Duringherlastdaysshespoke asonealreadywithinthevisionof Heaven.Sheuttered,withdifficulty, gentleadmonitionstoherownsister, SisterBarbara,andtohersistersin religionwhocametohersickroomas toashrine.Shespokeofdevotionto theholyrule,ofabsoluteobedience, andofthatpatientcharitywhichhelps thelifeworkofanursetosoarupto themodelofHim"Whowentabout doinggood."

Eternalrestgrantuntoher,0Lord, andmayperpetuallightchineupon her.R.I.P.

ionsamomemmurnmsumumalminumumensamussinsoisomass-

014 DEATHS ÷ OnService.

WATLING.-Ofyourcharity,prayfor thesoulofmydearlylovedhusband, SergeantEdwardWatling(R.A.A.F.), wholosthislifeinairoperations, March15,1943.Whose31st.birthday occursonJuly25,andweddinganniversaryJuly26. -Insertedbyhissorrowingwife, Therese.

014 INMEMORIAM ÷

MANION.-Ofyourcharity,prayfor thereposeofthesoulofJohn Manion,belovedhusbandofMargaret,esteemedbrother-in-lawof MaryandJamesCosgrave,whodied atMt.BarkerHospitalonJuly10.

QUIGLEY.-Inlovingmemoryofmy dearhusband,Con,fondfatherof Marie,Veronica,PhyllisandJack. RequiescatinPace.

QUIGLEY-InmemoryofCon,who passedawayJuly23,1942,lovingbrotherandbrother-in-lawofNellie andArthurHaynes. SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhissoul.

RYAN.-Inlovingmemoryofmydear husband,"Con,"whodiedJuly23, 1939;alsolovingson,Pat,whodied onFebruary19,1941. -Insertedbytheirlovingwifeand mother.

WATERS.-Pleaseprayfortherepose ofthesoulofourdearDorothy,who passedawayJuly16,1939. MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhersoul. -Insertedbyherlovingmotherand father,andherfondsistersandbrother.

WATERS-Inlovingmemoryofour dearhusbandandfather,JohnPeter, whopassedawayJuly22,1940. SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhissoul. Sadlymissedbyhislovingwifeand family.

WATERS.-Inlovingmemoryof John,brotherofJamesandNellie, whopassedawayonJuly22,1940. Onwhosesoul,SweetJesus,have mercy.

GOODNEWS,.-ShipmentofGas FiresandBerger'sPaintsjustarrived. W.A.StoveCo.,WellingtonSt.,Perth.

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"EVERYTHINGFORTHEBUILDINGTRADE." Galt'Iron,Cement,PlasterandAsbestosSheets. Builders'Hardware,WireNails,etc. Roger'sPaints,VarnishandEnamels,Kalsomine.

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oftheRomanEmpire

UnderBarbarianInvasions

HowtheChurchFaredAmid theWreckofCivilisation.

ProfoundInfluenceofMonasticism

ContinuedfromPage4.)

TheBarbarians.

Forcenturiesthebarbarianshad seemedtotheRomanswhoadministeredtheEmpireasremoteandunrealastheJapaneseonceseemedtous. DuringthecourseofthethirdcenturyA.D.,barbarianshadmadeinursionsintotheEmpire.Menof barbarianoriginhadservedintheRomanarmy,andhadevenmadetheir waytothetopoftheadministration andworntheimperialpurple;buttogswardstheendofthefourthcenturyroughlyabouttheyear400-invasions ofamoreserioustypebegan.The Empirebegantobeoverrunbyhordes ofGothsandVandals,whocouldnot beabsorbed.TheVandalsswept downacrossSpainandintoAfrica; theywerefollowedbyamorewidely dispersedinvasionofGoths,after whomcamethestillmoresavage Huns.By476theRomanEmpireof lbtheWesthadceasedtoexist,while theEasternhalfhadlostmuchofits vitality.IntheWest,theoldmunicipallifewasgone;Romanlawhad givenplacetotribalcodes,theacuaductswereempty,andtheroadswere overgrownwithscrub.Amidthe wreckofcivilisationtwothingsalone remained-thememoryofagreatpast qm.andtheCatholicChurch.What,then, wasthepositionoftheChurch?

TheCatholicChurch.

Inthedaysofitsimperialgreatness, Romewasapagancity;nordiditbecomethoroughlyChristianuntilthat greatnesswasgone.Bysettlingat Rome,St.PetermadeRomethecapitaloftheChristianworld,buteven afterthetimeofConstantine,Romeremainedthestrongholdofpaganism. ChristianityflourishedintheEast;as theseatoftheChristianemperors Constantinoplewasaconfessedly ChristiancitytillthelastRomanemperordiedfightingtheTurkin1453. ButevenasthecentreoftheChristian world,Romeremainedlargelyapagan city.Aslateasthefifthcenturyi.e.,towithinagenerationorsoofthe extinctionoftheEmpireoftheWestSt.Augustinefoundthatitwasnotsocially"nice"tobeaChristianinRome; butstillthegreatprovincialcitiesMilan,Treves,andCologne-wereapparentlyChristian,thoughsomewhat infectedwithArianism.Butthe thingforustonoticeisthatthe Churchwaseffectivelyorganisedinto diocesesandthat,whatevermayhave beenthereligionaffectedbytheRomanaristocracy,paganismwasdeadas apopularreligion.When,then,inthe fifthcentury,theRomanciviladministrationcrumbledintheWest,theonly organisationthatremainedwasthe

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Catholicepiscopacy.Moreover,it wasinthisfifthcentury,too,thatthe CatholicWestdevelopedanewforcemonasticism.However,beforeconsideringitseffectonourcivilisation,we mustnoticetwothings,bothofwhich demonstratethepeculiarpowerofthe Churchtomakegoodherlosses.At theverytimewhenthebarbarians wereoverturningtheinstitutionsof theChristianisedempire,St.Patrick beganhistaskofconvertingIreland, whichhadneverbelongedtotheempire.Anothereventofgreatimport. ancewastheconversionandbaptism ofClovis,KingoftheFranks,in496. ThebarbarianshadconqueredtheEmpireonlytobeconqueredbyChrist. Baptisedbythethousandatthebiddingoftheirwarlord,thePrankscan havehadlittleunderstandingoftheir faith,buttheyprovedloyaltoit.Now, forawordonthemonks.

Monasticism.

Whenmenwithdrewfromtheworld tomonasteries,theywerenotthinking ofeffectingsocialreformsorcivilising theirfellows;theywereouttosave theirsoulsandpractisethecounsels ofChristianperfection.Consequently, whilethefoundersofthemonastic movementintheWestwerehighlyeducatedmen,borninagenerationeducatedwhilethecultureoftheancient worldwasstillsecure,theyregarded educationinastrictlypracticalway; themonasticschoolwastoteachjust whatwouldsufficetomakemeninto goodmonks.Indeedtheliterature andphilosophyoftheancientworld wassosteepedinpaganism,that churchmenhadtendedtolookaskance atsecularlearning.Fewmenever profitedfromaclassicaleducationas didSt.Augustine;hehadbeenaprofessorofArtsatMilan,andhewasdestinedtobecomeoneoftheworld's greatestwriters;butinthefirstexcess ofhisfervour,hedenouncedallsecularlearningasidlefolly.Itwasonly lateinlifethathewasabletofinda justificationforthestudyoftheclassicalliteraturethathadmeantsomuch tohiminhisyouth.Attheageof seventy-onehewrote,inhiswork"On ChristianInstruction":"Letevery goodandtrueChristianknowthat TruthisthetruthofhisLord,whereverfound."Laterinthefifthcentury,Sidonius,BishopofLyons,declared:"Wemustpresspaganscience andphilosophyintotheserviceofthe Church,andthusattacktheenemies oftheFaithwiththeirownweapons." Thatwassoundgoodsense.ButCassian,acontemporaryofSt.Augustine, wasofadifferentopinion,anditwas hewhodrewuptheruleoflifethat waschieflyfollowedbythefirstmonasteriesoftheWest.Himselfa highlyeducatedmanand,asadisciple ofSt.JohnChrysostom,wellversedin theChristianliteratureoftheEast,he regardedsecularlearningmerelyasa sourceofdeplorabledistractionsfrom heavenlycontemplation.Hisruleof hard,unremittingtoilandseverepenancemadeapowerfulappealtothe Franks,andmuchwasdonetorechristianisesouthernGaul,ashismonasteriesspreadalongthebanksofthe

RhoneandLoire;buthismonasteries werenotdesigned,ordestined,tobe centresofanylearningotherthanthat whichbelongsstrictlytothesaints. Acenturylater-intheyear529St.Benedictbeganhismonasticfoundation.HewasnolesssingleofpurposethanCassian,buthedesigneda milderrule,whichsetasidemuchmore timeforstudyandsowedtheseeds

ofacivilisation.Itwouldbeimpossibletoover-estimatetheimportance ofSt.Benedictinhistory;tohim morethantoanyothermantheWesternworldowesitsculture.However, beforeconsideringtheworkofhis monks,wemuststoptorecordfresh disastersthatbefelltheChristian nations.

ITobeContinued.)

HotelandAccommodationGuide

GAYNOR'SHISMAJESTY'SHOTEL HAYSTREET EXCELLENTCUISINE PERTH. MODERATETARIFF.

HOTEL PERTH. JACKEDDINGTON, Proprietor.

EXCELLENT ACCOMMODATION.

STAN.O'BRIEN, COURTHOTEL PERTH.

'Phone:134261.

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SUBIACOHOTEL.

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VICTORIAHOTEL, HAYSTREET,SUBIACO. RenovatedThroughout. EssenceofComfort. W.F.ARTIS,Proprietor. Lateof13almoralHotel,Vic.Park) COUNTRY. DUKEOFYORKHOTEL, NARROGIN. ReconditionedandRefurnished. NewLounge,DiningRooms, andCommercialRooms. ARTHURBOYLAN,Proprietor. (LateGeorgeHotel,Perth).

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C.T.A.andR.A.C.HOUSE. OneMinutefromSt.Mary's Church.

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T.VIVIAN, 143Rokeby-road,Subiaco. W1539. FORSEWERAGECONNECTIONS, W1539.

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Tom:"There'sbeenasmash-andgrabraidatthejeweller's."

Dick:"Didtheygetawaywithit?"

Tom:"No!TheywereScotch,and theywerearrestedwhentheycame backforthebrick.'

Amemberofacelebratedtheatrical familymadehisfirstappearanceon theoperaticstage.Hisvoice,however,wassobadthattheconductor oftheorchestracalledouttohimat rehearsal:"Mr.Kemble,Mr.Kemble, youaremurderingthemusic."

"Mydearsir,"cametheretore, isfarbettertomurderitoutrightthan tokeeponbeatingitasyoudo."

"Whatwewant,-explainedtheemploymentmanager,"isawellbehaved trustworthymanofhighmoralcharacter.Doyouthinkyoucanfillthe bill?"

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"No?"

"No,indeed,suh.Why,itwason accountofmygoodbehaviourdatI donegotletoutofdepenitentia'ylast week."

* *

Asmallboyjuststartingschool couldnotpronounce"r"correctly, andwasaskedbyhisteachertorepeatthissentenceafterher:"Robert gaveRichardarapintheribsfor roa,tingtherabbitsorare."

Theboythoughtitoveramoment andthensaid:"BobbygaveDicka pokeinthesidefornotcookingthe bunnyenough."

Alorrydriverandhismatewere goingtoworkonemorningwhenthey passedasmallcarbadlysmashedup. Thebonnetwashangingonapillar box,whiletheotherpartswerescatteredaround.

"Crikey,"saidthelorrydriver. "Blowediftheyain'ttryingtopost 'emnow!"

a"Givemethenamesofsomethings whicharedangeroustoapproachand havehorns,"askedtheteacheratthe closeofalessononnaturalhistory."

"Motor-carsandfloatingmines,"repliedthebrightboy.

AnAberdonianinManchestervisited adentistonedayandaskedthevariouspricesofthedifferenttypesof dentures.Hewastoldthatagoldset wouldcosttenguineas,andanordinaryvulcanitesetfiveguineas.

Heponderedoverthisonhisway home,anddecidedtobuya3/6mincingmachineforthekitchen.

* * *

"Howdidyougetoninyouraction forcompensationagainsttheman whosedogbityou?"

"HislawyerprovedthatIbitthe dog.''

* *

SaleswomanItocustomerwhoisbuyingbirthdaycake):"Andwewillput thelittleboy'snameoninthicksugar foranextrathreepence."

Customer:"Aye,weel,hisnameis Ian,hutforthepurposeyecangie himhisfullname-IanAlexander GordonMacdonald.-

* Awidowerwastobemarriedfor thethirdtime,andhisbridehadbeen marriedoncebefore.Thegroomelectwroteacrossthebottomofthe invitationtoafriend:

"Besuretocome.Thisisnoamateurperformance!"

"Soldiersmusthefearfullydishonest,"saidadearoldladyinacountry village,"asitseemstobeanightlyoccurrenceforasentrytoberelievedof hiswatch."

ForLongWear

UseOnly

"Gibsonia" Wools...

Mistress:"Didyouenjoyyourday attheseaside,Mary?"

Mary:"No,Ididn't,mum,allthe picture'ouseswasfull,sowe'adter wanderaroundthebeach,andwatch theshipsallday."

Georgewenttotheracesforthefirst time,andhiscompaniongavehima certainty-twentytoone.

"Tryfiveshillingsonit,"advisedthe friend.

Georgedid,andthecertaintywon byaneck.Itwasawonderfulrace.

Whenthelastracecame,George's friendtoldhimthathehadanothe7 surething,butGeorgecuthimshort-

"Nothin'doin',"hesaid,withawise shakeofhishead."Why,thatlast tipyougavemeonlywonbya neck."

* * *

Twovillagershadhadarealset-to, withtheresultthatthelosernotonly hadablackeye,butwassoincapacitatedthathehadtobecarriedhome.

"Servedyouright,"commenteda pal."Itackledthesamefellow once,andthere'smoreinhisfistthan meetstheeye!"

* *

Waitress:"Doyouwantyoureggs turnedover,sir?"

Collegiate:"Yes.Turnthemoverto theMuseumofNaturalHistory.-

* AnneMcAnnwaslisteningtotheold fashionedministerwhohadcometo consoleheronthelossofherhusband.

"Onlythink,mypoorwoman,'said he,"yourgoodhusbandevennowmay besittingonagoldencloudplayinga harp."

"No,no,"respondedthewidow. "Tomcouldonlyplayatrumpet,and tositonacoldwetcloudwouldbe thedeathofhim!"

RandolphKnapp (W.A.O.A.)

SIGHT-TESTINGOPTICIAN.

12ATWELLARCADE, 'PHONE:L1582-Fremantle.

ALBANY.

H.C.PriorFuneralDirector ALBANY(Established1921).

PrivateMortuary.MotorVehicles, ChargesModerate. 'Phone216. Albany,Mt.Barker,Denmarkand Districts,

Thursday,July22,1943.

PoorDancer:"MayIhaveanother dance?"

Girl:"Why,yes:youmayhavetheeighteenth."

PoorDancer:"Thanks,butI'llbe gonebythattime."

Girl:"SowillI,thankgoodness."

"Oh,Mrs.Flash,Ihaveneverseen achildasbadlyspoiledasthatsonof j-ours."

"Why,Mrs.Murphy,Idon'tbelieve you."

"Oh,yesheis,too.Justcomeout andlookwhatthefireenginedoneto him." fa.

AChinaman,findinghimselfchargedwithconductinggamesofchance, putupanoveldefence.

"Now,AhSin,"saidthemagistrate, "youarechargedwithconducting gamesofchance.Haveyouanything tosayforyourself?"

"Yes,yourHonour,'hereplied."Me noplaynogameofchance.Cardsall markedanddiceloaded,Mewin everytime-nochanceatall."

Afuneralhearsecutinonthe wrongsideofabusandnearlyknockedoveramanwhowascrossingthe road.

"Na,then,greedy!"roaredthebus driver.

Father:"Canyougivemydaughter theluxuriestowhichshehasbeenaccustomed?"

Suitor:"Notmuchlonger.That's whyIwanttogetmarried."

Whenthetrainstoppedatastation, theguardcameroundthecarriagecallinginatthewindow,"Isthereanyoneherewithaboxintheguard's van?"

Aclergymanansweredthathehad.

"Andinit,"hesaid,"aresomevaluablebookscontainingveryusefulin-0 formation."

"Well,"saidtheguard,"youhad bettercomealong:yourinformationis leaking."

41111.111111111111.1.1011H1H101.1111..14.1.1.1.4,1-1

'Phone:

Highgate.

DearAuntBessy,-Thisisthefirst timeIhavesentyoualetter.My nameisPeter.Mytwosisters,Mary andBetty,usedtowritetoyou.Igo totheSacredHeartPrimarySchool, andaminStandardI.Iwillbe makingmyfirstHolyCommunionon theFeastofChristtheKing.Iam sevennow,andmybirthdaywason June28.Mybrother,Allen,isa boarderatAquinas:heis13yearsold. Ihaveababysister,Irene;sheistwo andahalfyearsold.Mummyhelped metowritethisletter,andIhopeyou likeit.Good-bye,AuntBessy.From PETERGOERKE.

writeyourletter,andwehopeyouwill thankherforusandwriteagainsoon.

AUNTBESSY. a

90Redfern-street,NorthPerth.

DearAuntBessy,-Thisismyfirst lettertoyou.Iamsixyearsoldand infirststandardatschool.Ihave asisteragednineandalittlebaby brotheragedII.OurSisteroftentells usabouttheBushies,andweoften bringpenniesforthem.Giveacheerio toallyourlittleBushiefriendsfrom yourlittlefriend,

JILLLANGLEY.

THE Bushies'Corner

DearCornerites,-Itwasagreatpleasureformetoreceiveawholebatch oflettersfromtheschoolchildrenat Highgatethisweek.Buttheywereso manyandspaceissopreciousthatI havehadtokeepnearlyhalfofthem fornextweek.Thechildrenofthe PrimarySchoolofthegoodSistersat HighgatearegreatfriendsoftheCorner;wehearfromthemregularlyand Iamsuretheirgoodexamplewillspur theotherschoolstojoininandhelp uswithourwork.Thisshouldsurely beajobwhichwouldappealtochildrenwhohavetheadvantageofattendingaCatholicschool,tohelpthose whoaredeniedthisprivilege.Itis justthesortofapostolicworkthat bestpreparesthechildrenforformal CatholicAction,whichiswaitingto enlisttheminitsranksassoonasthey leaveschool.HelpingtheBusbiesis alsoanactivitywhichfitsinnicely withthebeautifulpracticeofoffering 'acts."Thepenniessavedfromselfdenialbythelittleonescouldhelpno bettercause.

Iamdelighted,too,toseethatthe LegionofMaryisdirectingitswork intheschoolsalongthelinesof"Adopt aBushie."Thisinvolvestheregular mailingofCatholicliteraturetosome isolatedbushfamily,andisagreathelp towardskeepingcountryCatholicsin touchwiththeirFaith.

Wewouldallgladly"AdoptaDigger."butadoptingaBushieisequally praiseworthyandofgreatmeritinthe eyesofGod.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

Balbarrup-road,Bridgetown.

DearAuntBessy,-Findenclosedthe balanceofsubscription,andIs.forthe Bushies,from WELLWISHER.

DearWellwisher,-Manythanksfor yourgifttotheBusbies.Iwasalso gladtoreceivethepoem,butspace doesnotpermitmyprintingitatthe moment.MoreoverImusttryto findoutifMr.Hannanistheauthor,or Iwouldfindmyselfintrouble. AUNTBESSY.

662Beaufort-street.

DearAuntBessy,-Mynameis TohnWatt.Iamsixandahalf,and TeddyisnineandColinisnearlyfive. T,---vasintheconcertfortheHoly Father,andIwastheshopmansellingleavesforteaandsandforsugar

Le711071ao7eBottle

ACKNOWLEDGEDWITHTHANKS.

DonationsreceivedfromSacredHeart SchoolChildren.

MoiraO'Brien

RitaCasey

Pat.Davidson

FanleyTaylor

s.d. 26 26 26 26

LesleyCarr 26

LorraineVentris 26

LesleyWigham 26

JillLangley 26

AnnPatriciaTracey 50

AllenJohnWatt 26

BillyCunningham 26

tothechildren.Aftertheconcert wasoverweallhadnicelolliesgiven tous.Wehadtheband,andIwas thedrummerboy.Teddyisat C.B.H.S.;heusedtosendyouletters fortheBushieswhenhewasinSacredHeartSchool.Ourbabyisone; hisnameisDonald.Daddyhasa papershopandMummyhelpshim. Good-byeandlotsoflovefrom, ALLENJOHNWATT.

DearAllen-Theconcertyoutook partinmusthavebeenverygood.I wishIcouldhaveseenit.Youwere luckytogetlolliesafteryourconcert, don'tyouthink.Ihaven'theard fromTeddysinceheleftHighgate,but Isupposeheistoobusywithhis studiestowritenow.Thanksvery muchforyourpennies,Allen;theyare greatlyneeded.

AUNTBESSY.

* * 37Rookwood-street,Mt.Lawley.

DearAuntBessy,-Thisisthefirst letterIhavewritten.Wehavegiven somepenniestotheBushies.Iam 7yearsoldandinStandardI.Ihave twobrothersandonesister.Oneof mybrother'snameisJohn,andmy otherbrother'snameisAllan.John isonlyababyyet.Iamsending sixpennystampstotheBusbies.Allan goestotheC.B.H.S.andheplaysfootballandcricket.Wearehavingour concertnextmonth,andIamdancing init.MissEsterteachesusevery Wednesday.Didyourseemeinthe SacredHeartprocession.Iwasa holyangel;wehad83holyangelswith redcloaksandbasketsofflowers.Tata,from NORA HULLETT.

DearNora,-Althoughitwasyour firstlettertothe"Corner,"Ienjoyed readingiteversomuch.Youare veryproudofyourbigbrothers,aren't you,Nora?Ihopeyouwillalways beproudofthemtoo.Ididnotsee youintheprocession,butIdidnotice quiteanumberofyourlittlefriends. IwillmakesureIseeyounextyear though.Pleasewriteagainsometime, Nora,astheBushieslovehearingfrom theirlittlefriendsatHighgate. AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

Highgate.

DearAuntBessy,-Ifilledinaprick card,soSisterletmewriteyouthis letterto-day.Ihopeyouarewell.We saveupourpenniesfortheBushies. Ourclassfilleduptenprickcardsfor the"Diggers,"andDaphneDudley won.Wewereallsoglad.Pamismy sister;sheisinStandard2,andIam inStandardI.Wearegettingonwith ourlessonsandwegetalotofpenniesfortheblackbabies.From BILLYCUNNINGHAM.

DearBilly-Thankyouverymuch forfillingtheprickcard,Billy.The Bushiesareverypleasedtoknowthat theirlittlefriendsinthecitydonot forgetthem.WewereallverypleasedwhenMissDudleywonthecompetition,too.Wewillallsayaprayer thatPamandyourselfwillgetonwith yourlessons. AUNTBESSY.

DearPeter,-Yourfirstletterwas verygood,andweareallhopingto hearfromyouagainsoon.Ihaven't heardfromMaryandBettyforsome time,butIhavenotgivenuphopeyet. Whataluckylittleboyyouaretobe makingyourfirstHolyCommunionon theFeastofChristtheKing.Don't forgettoprayforyourlittleBushie friendsonthatgreatday,Peter.Your Mummywasverykindtohelpyouto

DearJill,-Itmayhavebeenyour firstletter,Jill,butitwasaverynice one,too.Dowriteagainsoonand askyourbigsistertowritealso.The Busbiesalwayswelcomenewmembers totheCorner.

AUNTBESSY. a * * *

DearAuntBessy,-Iamverypleased towriteyoualittleletter.Igoto theJuniorHighSchool,Highgate.I aminStandardIII.Ibroughtsome penniesfortheBushies.Ihopethat (ContinuedonBackCover.)

Ifnecessarywe maketoorder.

667HayStreet,Perth

CONSULT withour ADVERTISERS forallyour REQUIREMENTS

(ContinuedfromPage15.)

theyareallwell.Ilikeschoolvery much.Wehaveawirelessatschool, andwelisten-inonMondaystoHealth andHygiene.OnThursdayswehave singing,whichwealllike,andonFridaystalksaboutotherlands.Well, dearAuntBessy,Iwillclosenow.Hopingyouareverywell.

MOIRAO'BRIEN.

DearMoira,-Thankyouforyour letterandpenniesontheprickcard. YoulittleHighgatepeoplecertainly havebeenworkinghardfortheBushieslately.Iamverypleasedtohear thatyoulikeschoolsomuch,Moira. Thelecturesyoulisten-intomustbe veryinteresting,andIamgladyou enjoythem.TheBushiessendyou theirloveandhopeyouwillwrite againsoon.

AUNTBESSY.

* 489Beaufort-street.

DearAuntBessy,-Allenissending youalongletter,soImustwriteone too.Iaminfirststandard.Ihave mademyfirstCommunion.Ihave threebrothersandsixsisters.We hadabigprocessionontheFeastof theSacredHeart,andIwasaholy angel.Itwasalovelysunnyday,so wewerelucky.Thealtarwasbeautifulwithflowersandcandles.Ronnie isourbabyboy;heisonlyfiveand hecomestoschool,somummyishome byherself,withtheblackandwhite kitten.Wehadaniceconcertfor ourHolyFather'sfeastday,andthe NI,I4P,.411.4,11,..POWP4.4.4414.4,4%1ININ

STURMERANDSON, (LateHaIlion's), BAKERS, 90JOHNSTREET,NORTH

FREMANTLE. (Tel.2739.)

PrizeWinnersRoyalShow. DeliveriesThroughoutFremantle. 4.41,04.4.4,11.41,11,........

theRecord

OfficialOrganoftheArchdioceseofPerth ESTABLISHED1874

-THEBusbies'Corner

Sistersgaveallthechildrenlollieswhen itwasover.Givemylovetothe Bushies.Good-bye,AuntBessy. KATHLEENMURPHY.

DearKathleen,-IreceivedAllan's letterwithyoursto-day,andwasvery thrilledtohearfromyouboth.You arealuckylittlegirltohavesomany brothersandsisters.IsupposeMummy feelslonelynowduringtheday.It wasalovelysunnydayfortheprocession,andIthoughtthealtarwas beautifultoo.Iamgladyouenjoyed theconcertandthelollies,Kathleen.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

13Selden-street,NorthPerth.

DearAuntBessy,-MynameisLesleyandIamsevenyearsold.We areallveryhappyathomebecausewe haveourDaddyathomewithus forawhile.Hehashadmalaria fever;hegotitinNewGuinea.I havealittlesisternamedRosalie;she goestoschoolwithme.Wegotothe SacredHeartSchool,Highgate.I havetwobrothers,JohnandGerard; theygotoSt.Mary'sC.B.C.Itisnear bedtimenow,soIwillsaygood-bye.

LESLEYWIGHAM.

DearLesley,-Weareallverysorry tohearofyourDaddy'sillnessandwe willsayaprayerforhim.Thank Youverymuchforfillingintheprick card;itisverykindofthelittle"Cornerites"ofHighgatetogivesomany penniestotheBusbies'Scheme.Do writeagainandaskRosalietowrite too.

AUNTBESSY

DearAuntBessy,-Iamsopleased towriteyouthislittleletter.Igoto theJuniorHighSchool,Highgate.I amsixyearsoldandinStandardI. Wewerehappytogiveourpenniesto SistertohelptheBusbies.Wealso

Our

oftheneedsofthosebereavedisbornofourwide