The Record Newspaper 25 March 1943

"Taste Tells"

Johnston's SAUSAGES and FRANKFURTS

Allie.SuccessinNorthAfricaHasBeen MadePossibleBythe NeutralityofSpain

SomeelementswouldliketoforceSpain&PortugalintoAxisCamp

TheinvasionofNorthAfricahasbeen adecidedvictoryfortheUnitedNations.Asavictory,militaryanddip:cmatic,ithasgreatpotentialities.For twoyearsmilitaryleadersandexpert militarycommentatorshadbeenconvincedthattheNaziscouldbedefeatedultimatelyonlybyaninvasionof theContinent.Agroupofenthusiasticaviatorshadbeenpopularisingthe ideathattheenemycouldbedefeated "bybombingGermany'sindustrialcentrestorubble:.Howeverplausible thistheorymayhaveappearedtothe innocents,itreceivedlittle,ifany, supportfromresponsiblemilitarymen hereandinGreatBritain,andnone fromthegovernments.

Ontheotherhand,thedifficultiesof aninvasionoftheContinent,usingBritainasabase,seemedinsurmountable. ThefailureoftheexperimentatDieppe confirmedthisbeliefandsilencedmuch oftheclamourforestablishingimmediatelyasecondfrontinEurope.

ThesuccessfulinvasionofNorthAfricahassolvedthatperplexingproblem.IthasunitedalltheFrench forcesinthatterritory,whichisthe largestandbyfarthemostimportant overseaspartoftheFrenchEmpire. Ithasbroughttheseforcesintoalli-

ByOwenB.McG

ancewiththeUnitedNations.Ithas givenheartandhopetothemillions ofFrenchmenintheirhomelandthat theoutcomeofthewarisnolonger doubtful.Ithasconvincedthewaveringanddespairingamongthemthat theirdefeatistemporaryanddoesnot meanthattheymust,howeverreluctantly,beforcedultimatelytocollaborateinHitler's"NewOrder.'onHitler's terms.IthasopenedthewayforentirecontroloftheMediterranean,and controloftheMediterraneanmeanscontroloftheContinent.Ithasfurnishedaspringboardandnumerous basesforaninvasionoftheContinent atpointswheretheriskswillbea thousandtimeslessthantheywouldbe ifinvasionwereattemptedonthe EnglishChannelorontheFrenchcoast, fromtheAtlantic.Whatenhances theseadvantagesistheshorteningof

StrategieIllediterranean'Position &plainsBritishfriendship or200\leaps

airroutes.Fromtheairfieldsnowin processofconstructionourincreasing airforceswillbeabletopreparethe wayforinvasionbythegroundforces -Hitler'soriginalblitzplanforthe invasionofFrance.

Finally,thesuccessfulinvasionof NorthAfricahasshortenedthewar, probablybyyears,andhassavedmillionsoflives,evenmillionsofAmericanlives,ifweconsiderhowthewar wouldbeinevitablyprolonged,withoutthismilitaryanddiplomatictriumph.

uirein"TheSign"

Allthathasbeenmadepossibleby theneutralityofSpain.Without rpani-hneutralitytheinvasioncould nothavebeenaccomplishedintheeasy wayithastakenplace.Ifatalleffective,itcouldhavebeenonlyatthe priceofanenormouslossofmen, ships,munitions,suppliesofallkindsandprecioustimetoboot.Spanish neutralityhasbeenadecisivefactorin theconflicteversincethewarbegan, certainlyeversincetheGermanArmy reachedthePyreneesinthecollapseof France.HadSpainthenjoinedforces withHitler,asMussolinidid,orhad sheallowedaGermanyarmytocross SpaintotheStraitsofGibraltar,Hitler mighthavequitepossibly,evenprobably,wonthewar,andwonitrapidly. HecouldhavedestroyedGibraltar-for allpracticalpurposes--closedthe Straits,gotcontroloftheMediterran-

ean,takenhisarmiesacrosstheStraits onlyninemilesattheirnarrowest point)intoSpanishMoroccoand Tangiers,thenandnowinSpanishpossession.Fromthosepointsthereare almostcontinuousrailroadsrunning throughtheFrenchandItalianposses. sionsontotheEgyptianfrontier.Germanefficiencyinsuchmatterscould easilyhaveclosedthegapsandmade therailroutereallycontinuous.It wouldnotrequireone-tenthoftherail constructionwhichtheywereableto accomplishlaterintheUkraine.

Spanishneutralitypreventedallthat. Thatiswhatismeantbythevalue ofSpanishneutralityinthepast.It madepossibleourinvasionofNorth Africa,andthatiswhatismeantby itsvalueatthepresent.Anditwill bejustasvaluableandnecessaryin thefuture,fortheStraitsmustbekept open,andsafepassagethroughthe westernMediterraneanmustbeassured,ifwearetomaintaininNorthAfricaanarmyconstantlytobeaugmented,equipped,supplied,andever readytoperformthetasksforwhich itissentthere.Forthisend,Spanish neutralityisasvaluableandasnecessaryforthefutureasithasbeenin thepast.

Thereareelementsinourcountry thatcanneverforgiveFrancoforhavingwonthecivilwar.Theywantthe "Fascists"ofSpaindestroyedandthe "democratic"governmentof1936-1939 restoredtotheSpanishpeople.To accomplishthistheyhaveadvocatedan

Somepeopleinthiscountrycannot forgiveFRANCOforhavingwonthe CivilWar.

attackonSpainandPortugal.These twocountries,ifattacked,would,of course,defendtheirownterritory,insularormetropolitan,andacceptHitler's aidindoingit.Inotherwords, SpainandPortugalwouldjointheAxis. Butthatisjustwhatthoseelements

(ContinuedonPage4.)

PIRTLE,THURSDAY,MAHON25,1943.

PRIORTERRI:PINCH SZITINTIZTEETZAR

ByRev.Dr.Rumble,M.S.C.

GodTakesaPersonalInterestinEvery

HumanBeing

AnglicanMinister'sAberrationsAboutContraception

*IsThereAnyEvidenceThattheSoulofManisImmortal?

"Interested,-Sydney:

Q.:IsthereanyevidencethattheInfinitetakesapersonalinterestin anyhumanbeing?

R.:Yes.Inthefirstplace,theInfinite,astheSupremeCauseofall things,mustpossessinthehighestdegreetheperfectionsHehasbestowed oncreatures.Hemust,therefore,possessalltheperfectionsofanyfather. NowweareallHischildren,andHe accordinglyhasagreaterloveforus, andamoreintenseinterestinus, thananyearthlyparentsfortheirown children.Secondly,notonlythousands,butmillionsofmenthroughthe ageswilltellYouthattheyhaveexperiencedGod'spersonalinterestin theirlives.AndIcertainlyknow that,butforGod'sinterventioninmy ownlife,Iwouldnotbeapriest,or evenaCatholic,to-day.TheProtestantenvironmentintowhichIwas bornwasapreparationforanything butCatholicismandavocationtothe priesthood.Thirdly,apartfromthe personalexperienceofotherswhich youmayheunwillingtocredit,itis historicallycertainthat,inthePerson ofChrist,GodHimselfcameintothis worldtoshareourlotandmakeeternalhappinesspossibletous.Noone canreasonablydenyGod'sinterestin usafterthat.

* * * HOWSMALLISMAN!

Q.Doyourealisehowsmallandinsignificantathingiseachhuman mite?Goupinanaeroplaneand lookdownonthestreetsatthetiny antscalledmen.

R.:Considerationsbaseduponmaterialsizearebesidethepoint.Size anddimensionsarepurelyrelative,and cannotaffectGod'sinterest.They arepurelyrelative.Whenonetakes atelescopeandstudiesthestars, notingtheir-giganticmeasurementsand immensedistances,thisearthseems verysmall,andmanalso.Butwhen onetakesamicroscopeandstudiesthe teeminglifeinadropofwater,man becomesauniverse.Ihavesaid,too, thatmaterialsizecannotmakeany differencetoGod'sinterest.The wholeuniverseisasinfinitelybelow Himastheleastthinginit.Inany case,ifitwasnotbeneathGodtocreateus,norisittoloveandcarefor us.Finally,justrememberthat,if youinvitemetogoupinanaeroplaneandlookdownuponthetiny antscalledmen,itwasoneofthose tinyantswhohadtheintelligenceto inventandcontroltheaeroplane. Truegreatnessisnotmeasuredby bulk,butbyintelligenceandcapacity ofvirtue.Theargumentfrommaterialsizehasnovalueatallinthis matter.

Q.:Itis,ofcourse,easytoassume God'sinterestinmen.

R.:WedunotassumeGod'sinterest.Weknowit.Achilddoesnot merelyassumeitsfather'sormother's love,andthefactthatitcanrelyupon itsparents'providenceandcare.

* * * *

UNAVAILINGDIFFICULTIES.

Q.:Butthemajorityoffacts,wars, diseases,earthquakes,andunan sweredprayers(thousandsagainst theoneyouthinkanswered)saynot.

R.:Grantedoneprayeranswered, younolongerhavetherighttoask whetherGodtakesapersonalinterest inanyhumanbeing.Nonumberof

T.

Fromtheairthemenlooklikeants, DoesGodcareaboutthem?

apparentlyunansweredprayerscould availasevidenceagainsttheonepositivelyanswered.However,people makethemistakeofregardingthose prayersasunansweredfromwhichthey donotgetjustwhattheydesire,or donotgetitimmediatelytheyask forit.Idenythatanysincereprayer iseverunanswered.Ifwedonot askwhatisreallyforourgood,then Godanswersourprayerinsomeother waywhichwillbenefitus.Or,of course,andstillforourgreatergood. Hemaydelayansweringintheway wewishuntilwearebetterdisposed tomakeproperuseofthefavourwe ask. Asforwars.diseases,and earthquakes,whilstthesethingspuzzle anddistressus,theyformnoreasonablegroundsforthedenialofGod's

*HowtheChurchViews MarriageBetweenPagans

interestinhumansouls.Theyarea conditionofthisuniverseasitis,and arenotanunmitigatedevil.Such physicaldisasterscanservemany goodpurposes,andtheydo.Buttime willnotpermitmetogointothataspectofthesubjectnow.AllIcan sayisthat,againstallspeculative difficulties,thereismorethanenough evidenceofGod'sinterestinmen

UseofContraceptives

"CatholicSoldier,"Greta,N,S.W.:

Q.:Wouldyou,please,analyseforme thefollowingstatementsoftheRev. W.G.Coughlan,ofKingsford,as publishedinthe"NewcastleEvening Sun,"ofNovember26,1942?

R.:TheRev.W.G.Coughlanisan AnglicanMinister,andhisremarks dealingwiththedistributionanduse ofcontraceptives,betrayanextraordinaryconfusionfromtheviewpoint ofmorality.Thesubjectofcontraceptionorbirthcontrolisnotapleasantone,butitreceivessomuchpublicityinthesecularpressthatitis adutytogiveequalpublicitytocorrectnotionsonthematter.Iwill, therefore,dealwithMr.Coughlan's remarks,butinawaythatwillgive noreasonablegroundsofoffenceto anyone.Letus,then,turntoMr. Coughlan'sstatements,madeonthe occasionofthemeetingoftheAnglicanSynodinSydney.

ALWAYSIMMORAL.

Q.:Mr.Coughlancomplainedabout the"unrestrictedadvertisingofcontraceptives."

R.:Thatwasaverymildcomplaint. Onewouldthinkthathemerelywanted"restrictedadvertising."Contraceptivesshouldnotbemadeorsold atall,letaloneadvertised.Itis immoraltomakethingsforimmoral purposes.Now,theuseofcontraceptivesisalwayswrongandimmoral,for itimpliestheperversionofanexceedinglyimportantnaturalfunction intendedbyGodforaveryspecificpurpose.Suchaperversionisalways gravelysinfulbeforeGod.Outside thestateofmarriage,ofcourse,people havenottherighttoindulgeinsexrelationshipsatall.Withinmarriage, relationshipsbetweenhusbandandwife mustbenormalandnatural,withthe willtoacceptchildrenshouldtheyresult.Theuseofcontraceptivesby

marriedpeoplemerelymeansmutual co-operationinself-abuse;andnoconsiderationsofexpediencycanjustify that.

INADEQUATEVIEWS.

Q.:TheRev.Mr.Coughlanobjected onthegroundsthatpeoplewereled tobuyinjuriouspreparations,that unrestrictedadvertisingwasatemptationtoirregularunions,andwas restrictingthebirthrate.

R.:Mr.Coughlan'sobjectiontothe unrestrictedadvertisingofcontraceptivesbecauseinjuriouspreparations aresoldseemstosuggestthathe thinksnon-injurious preparations wouldbequiteallright.However, turningfromconsiderationsofphysicalhealthtomoralinjury,hesaysthat "unrestrictedadvertising"isatemptationto"irregularunions."Thatsuggeststhatheseesnothingwrongfrom themoralpointofviewintheuseof contraceptivesbymarriedpeople.Yet hegoesontocomplainthatcontraceptives"restrictthebirthrate."That concernsnationalconsequences.But therealmoralproblemiswhethertoe perversionofthemaritalactbythe useofcontraceptivesismorallyevil initself.Itis;andthereforenomotivesofexpediencycanjustifyit. * * * *

THEMORALWAY.

Q.:"Salesofprophylacticswasencouragedinarmycamps,"saidMr. Coughlan,"topreventV.D.,buttheir saleaidedpromiscuity."

R..Thedistributionofcontraceptivestosoldiersispracticallyaninvitationtothemtoindulgeinimmorality,andasuggestionthattheyarealmostsupposedtodoso.Thepleais1. thatcontraceptiveswillprotectthem fromdisease"if"theydoso.But eventhentheapparentlygoodend doesnotjustifythemeans.Themoral waytoavoidcontractingdiseaseisto avoidimmoralconduct.Duringthe lastwarGeneralPershingwrotetohis Americansoldiers:"Continenceisthe plaindutyofmembersoftheAmerican ExpeditionaryForces,bothforthe vigorousconductofthewar,andfor thecleanhealthoftheAmericanpeopleafterthewar.Commandingofficerswillurgecontinenceonallmen oftheircommands."GeneTunney. theboxer,hasappealedinvariousarticleswrittenforAmericansoldiers thattheyshouldagainpractiseselfrestraint.Itisadisgracethatour armycampsshouldbereducedtodistributingcontraceptives.ButMr. Coughlanobjectstosuchdistribution

S.BEECROFT-Butcher

181RokebyRoad,Subiaco.

OnlyPrimeFreshKilledMeatSold 'PhoneW1373.

becauseitfosterspromiscuity,notbe. causehethinkstheuseofcontracep tivesanevilthinginitself.Andin hisverynextreportedstatementhe renouncesevenhisargumentagainst contraceptivesfromresultantpromiscuity!

ASTONISHINGCONCESSION!

Q.:"Ifeel,"saidMr.Coughlan,"that properly-controlledmedicalclinics shouldbesetupandprovidedwith contraceptives,fortherearemany instanceswheretheirusewouldbe desirable-particularlyformenwho areincamp,andgetonlyafewdays' leaveeachmonth."

RThatisanastonishingstatement, iithepressreportisnotinaccurate. Aremenincampwhogetonlyafew days'leaveeachmonthaspecialclass whoareexpectedtoindulgeinanorgy ofpromiscuousimmoralityassoonas theyareletloose?Andisimmoralitynotwrongforthem,whilstitis forothers?Oraretheyonlytobe protectedfromdisease,whilstothers shouldpaythepenaltyoftheirevil ways?Itisdifficulttoknowjust whatsuchastatementmeans.And, inanycase,itisconcernedonlywith expediency,andnotwithgenuinemorality.Theuseofcontraceptivesis morallyevilinitself,anditisnoway outtosaywewon'tgiveeverybody facilitiestosinwithimpunity,butonly tosome!Themanufacture,distribution,anduseofcontraceptivesisevil frombeginningtoend,andfromthe moralpointofviewtheyshouldbe completelyabolished.

Q.:"Ifthepeoplewereeducatedand givenapropermoraloutlook,they wouldbeabletodealwiththeirpassionsinamoralway."

R.:Thatmeans,ofcourse,byexercisingself-control,andabstainingaltogetherfromimmoralconduct.

* * * *

WHATOFTHEMARRIED?

Q.:"Thentherewouldbenousefor contraceptivesbyotherthanmarriedpeople,whowouldhaveample justificationfortheiruse."

R.:Mr.Coughlanheresuggeststhat allwillbewellwhentheuseofcontraceptivesisrestrictedtosuchmarriedpeopleashaveamplejustification fortheiruse.Butnomarriedpeople everhaveanymoraljustificationfor theiruse.Therecannotbeamoral justificationofmeansmorallyevilin themselves,nomatterwhattheend inview.Andtheuseofcontraceptivesi,morallyevilinitself.Itisa perversionofthepurposeofmarriage andthefrustrationofthenaturallaw appointedbyGod.Itisadesecrationofmarriage,reducingit,inthe wordsoftheRev.A.R.Vidler,anAnglicanclergyman,evenasMr.CoughlanisanAnglicanclergyman,toa stateoflegalconcubinage.Another Anglicanclergyman,theRev.E.L. Mascall,saysthat"bothsexualrelation,outsidemarriageandalsocontraceptionareequallyrepugnanttothe Christianviewoflife."Thosetwo clergymenareright,buttheAnglican Churchtowhichtheybelongisunable tospeakwithanauthoritativevoicein mattersofeitherfaithormorals.The CatholicChurch,however,doesspeak authoritatively,andshedeclaresthat thedistributionanduseofcontraceptivesismorallyevil,undernocircumstancesjustified.andalwaysanabominationinthesightofGod.

TheSoulImmortal

"Doubtful,"Mosman:

Q.:Youregarditasnecessary,Ibelieve,toholdthatdeathdoesnot endall,andthatthehumansoulis immortal.

R.:NoChristiancoulddenythat.

Q.:Itisnice,ofcourse,tothinkthis when"you"feelsureofeternalhappiness;butit'saprettyselfish thoughtwhenyoulookoutofyourselfandseethemillionswholose theirsouls,andmeetwitheternal misery.

R.:Iftheimmortalityofthesoulis afact,itdoesnotmatterwhetheritis niceornottobelieveit;thatcannot alterthefact.Andifitistrue,asit is,thenitiseachman'splaindutyto dohisbesttosavehissoul.Meantime,thosewhodobelieveintheimmortalityof.thesoularenotsureof eternalhappiness.Theyknowthat theywillattainitiftheytrytokeep God'slaw,repentoftheirfailuretodo sowhentheydofail,anddieinthe loveandfriendshipofGod.Andthey havenoguaranteethattheywillsucceedindoingthis.Theycanbut hopeandprayforsuchagrace.As regardsotherswholosetheirsouls,our beliefinimmortalitydoesnotmake themdoso;norwouldourgivingup suchabeliefresultintheirsalvation.

Howmany,asamatteroffact,willlose theirsouls,wearenotinaposition tojudge.AllweknowisthatGod givessufficientgracetoallmentobe saved,andthatnoonewillbeeternal:ylostexceptthroughhisowndeliberatefault.

* * *

ISIT"WISHFULTHINKING?"

Q.:Allmyowninclinationsaretobelieveinimmortality,butthatdoesn't justifymydoingso.

R.:Thatisnottrue.Iadmitthat weshouldnotadjustourconvictions topassingmoodsbelievingwhatitis pleasantforthemomenttobelieve. Butthethoughtofimmortalityisnot merelyapleasantthought.Itcarrieswithitasenseofgraveresponsibilityandthefearofapossibleeternal disaster.Forthesereasonsthereare peoplewhosedecidedinclinationisnot tobelieveit.Ifitistrue,theyv-ill eitherhavetochangetheirlives,or bedamned.Andtheydon'twantto changetheirlives.Sotheyputaside thoughtsofanotherlifeinwhichthey willhavetoanswerfortheirconductin thislife,andtheydenythattheybelieveinimmortality.Buttheyare theoneswhoarevictimsofwishful thinking.

thesoul;andfrommanypointsof view.Firstly,thesoulisnotacompositething,abletodisintegrateand corrupt,foritmustbeassimple,inorganic,andspiritualasthoughtitself. Secondly,justicedemandsafuture life.Justiceisnotalwaysvindicated inthislife.Thewickedoftenprosper, whilstthegoodsuffer.Ifthereis nolevellingupinthenextlife,thereis nosuchthingasabsolutejustice. Thirdly,mankindasawhole,inall timesandplaces,hasbeenconvinced thatthesoulsurvivesthedeathofthe body.Aprinciplesonaturallyjudgedbyallnormalmentobetruecannotbefalse.Fourthly,thehistorical fretofChrist'sresurrectionprovesthat HissoullivedonafterHisdeathon theCross,tobere-unitedwithHisbody whenitrosefromthetomb.AndHe Himselftaughtmostclearlythatan everlastinglifeofhappinessormisery awaitseverysoulbornintothisworld. TheGodwhomadeustellsusthatour soulsareimmortal,andwedonotneed betterevidencethanthat.Well,I havesaidenoughtochowthatno onecandeclarebeliefinimmortality tobeunreasonable.Ontheother hand,nosemblanceofareasoncanbe producedinfavourofthedenialof immortality.

NON-SACRAMENTALMARRIAGE. "Caliban,"Rockdale:

Q.:Whatwasmarriagebeforeitwas raisedtothedignityofaSacrament byChrist?

Ofitself,yes.Themarriageof thebaptisedProtestants,grantedvalid baptismandnodirimentimpediments, tvulcl,ofcourse,beaChristianSacrament.Butthenaturalmarriagecontractoftwopaganswouldofitselfbe equallybindinguntildeath.Nomerelyhumanpowercouldlawfullydissolvesuchacontract.GodHimself hasgiventotheCatholicChurchthe powertodissolvethepagancontract undertheconditionslaiddownbySt. Paul;namely,thatoneofthepagan partiesbecomesaChristian,andthe otherdesertshimorherfordoingso. ButthatpoweroftheChurchisextrinsictothecontract.Ofitself,the naturalmarriagecontractcouldnever ceasetobindwhilstbothpartiesstill live;norcouldthepartiesthemselves dissolveit,norisanycivillawauthorisedbyGodtodoso.Frommyreply toyourpreviousquestion,itshouldbe clearthattheCatholicChurchhasno powertodissolvethevalidmarriageof twobaptisedProtestants.Forsucha marriageisaChristianSacrament,and itcanbebrokenonlybythedeathof oneoftheparties.

5 TRUECONSENTNECESSARY.

Q.:WouldaChinesegirl,betrothedat birthtoaChineseboy,andmarryinghimoutofobediencetoherparents,yetnotwantingtodosobe validlymarried?

THEDEMANDOFNATURE.

Q.:Inclinationsprovenothing.

R.:Thatisnottrue.Alldepends onthenatureoftheinclination.When wefindourselvesendowedbynature withcertaininclinationstendingnecessarilytowardsagivenobject,inclinationswhichwedidnotgiveourselves andwhichevilmenhavetolabourto suppress,wearejustifiedinbasingan argumentonsuchinclinations.Ifall ourthoughtsgooneway;ifwehave needs,desires,aimsandaspirationstowardsacertainobject,thesethings implythatsuchanobjectdoesexist. WouldGodendowmanwiththesense ofhearing,yetnevergiveanythingthe powertomakeasinglesound?The wholetendencyoftheearwouldbe tohear,yetitwouldneverdosobecauseitscomplementaryobjectwould everbewanting.Everynaturaltendencyimpliesandhasitsobject.God hasgivenuseyes,andtheinclination tosee.ItisinconceivablethatHe wouldhavegivenuseyes,yetnever havecreatedthelightenablingusto fulfiltheirinclination.Sotheimplantedinclinationtobelieveinimmortalityimpliestheexistenceofit. Theinclination,normaltoallmen,does notcountfornothing.

*

CICERO'SDOUBTS.

Q.:Cicerosaid,whenhereadabook provingimmortality,thathebelievedinit;butwhenhereadanother bookagainstit,hedidn'tbelievein it.

R.:Buthecamebacktoabeliefin it.Menmaybefogtheirownminds withatangleofargumentsuntilthey scarcelyknowwheretheystand.But, thoughtheywaverforatime,inthe vastmajorityofcasestheirnaturereassertsitself,andintheendtheysay itmustbeso.Theintelligenceof manisbuiltfortruth,andcannotrest contentinerror.Lefttoitself,and freedfromallinterestedpressure,it spontaneouslyjudgesimmortalityto beafact.Thisisthetrulyuniversal judgmentofmankindasawhole,and itcannotbedoubtedwithoutcasting suspiciononallourfaculties-faculties whoseprecisepurposeisthatwemay knowthetruth.

* * * *

"IWANTEVIDENCE."

Q.:WhatIwantis,notanappealto ourinclinations,butevidenceofimmortality.Isthereanyevidence thatthesoulofmanisimmortal?

RThereistheevidenceofvery soundreason,fortheimmortalityof

R.:Itwasanaturalcontractby whichamanandawomangavethemselvestoeachotherpermanentlyin mutualloveandcompanionshipfor thegenerationandupbringingofchildren.ThenaturalmatrimonialcontractdiffersfromChristianmarriage onlyinsofarasitisnotofitselfa sourceofsacramentalgracetothe partiesconcerned,andinsofaras theChurchhasthepowertodissolve itundercertainconditionswhereshe hasnopowertodissolveasacramentalmarriage.

* * * *

AREPAGANSBOUND?

Q.:Isthemarriageoftwopagansaccordingtopaganritesasbindingin theeyesoftheCatholicChurchas themarriageoftwobaptisedProtestantsinaProtestant.Church?

R.:Ipresumeyouintendthatthe partiesarenotbaptisedChristians,for therearemanyChineseChristians. However,grantedthattheyarenot Christians,themarriageinquestion wouldheanaturalmatrimonialcontract.Wouldthatcontractbevalid andbindingif,whenthegirlgrewup, shemarriedtheboyoutofobedienceto herparents,yetnotwantingtodoso? Alldependsonwhatismeantby"not wantingtodoso."Ifyoumeanmerelythatsheenteredintothemarriage contractreluctantly,buttrulyanddeliberatelyconsentedtoit,thenitwould hevalid.If,ontheotherhand,you meanthatshewentthroughtheexternalformalitiesjusttopleaseherparents,hutinteriorlywithheldtheconsentofherwill,anddidnotintendto ratifythemarriagecontractatall, thenitwouldnotbevalid.Itwould henullandvoid.Itisthetrueinteriorconsentofthetwopartiesconcerned,deliberatelyandfreelyexpressed,thatmakesthemarriagecontract.

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WhatHitlercouldhaveDonehad HeReachedtheStraits .

want-toseeSpainandPortugalforced intothearmsoftheAxis.

Ihavementionedthethingsthat Hitlercouldpossiblyhavedoneif Francohadatthebeginningjoined theAxis,orif,whenFrancecollapsed, hehadallowedaGermanarmytocross SpaintotheStraits,underpretextof "forcemajeure."Thesepossibilities mayseemfantastictosome,butthey willnotseemsotothosewhounderstandtheincalculableimportanceof Spain'sstrategicpositionforcontrolof theMediterranean.TheBritishunderstanditsimportance,andfortwo hundredyearshavecourtedSpanish friendshipandcarefullyavoidedeverythingthatmightendangerit.Inthe presentconflicttheyknewwhatthey weredoingwhentheysentSirSamuel Hoare,afriendofFranco,asAmbassadortoSpainandkepthimthere. WinstonChurchillvisitedWashington lastJune,anditissignificantthatfrom thatdateAmericanpolicytowards Spainbecamemoreapparent.

Itistruethatthepropagandaagainst"appeasing"FrancoandforanimmediateattackonSpanishterritory wasduepartlytoignoranceTothe Pinks"democracy,"republicanism," etc.,meanthesameoverthereastheydohere.Hencetheauthenticated factsthatinhalfofSpainforthree yearstherewasnotoneCatholic churchopenforworship,thatmore than3,000priestsand13Bishopswere assassinated-someofthemburnedto death-thatover300,000noncombatantsweredonetodeathinhorrible manners,didn'tmeananythingagainst "democracy"andthe"fourfreedoms."

Itwas uprisingof"the people"againsttyrantsand"reactionaries."Thatlastwordisthedearest andmostcomprehensivewordinthe wholevocabularyofthese"liberals."

Thesepeople,however,werenotalone intheirignoranceofSpain.Thereare manyothers.Thisignoranceextends alsotogeography,especiallytothe

strategicpointsthatmakeSpain'sneutralityofincalculablevalue.The militaryexpertofaNewYorkdailynewspaperonlyrecentlydescribedGibraltarasthe"mostsouthernpointof theContinent.'Themilitaryexpert ofanotherdailysaidTarifawasthe mostsouthernpoint.Tarifaisnot themostsouthernpoint.Itisnoton theStraitsbutontheAtlantic,afew milesnorthofRam',Point.Thepertinentideahereisthatitcommands theapproachestotheStraitsonthe North.Letustakeaglanceatthe map.Itwillshowthattheassertions ImadeastowhatHitlercouldhave donehadhereachedtheStraitsarenot fantastic.Itwillalsoshowwhat madnessitwouldhavebeentoattack Spainortoattemptthelarge-scaleinvasionofNorthAfricawithoutfirst obtainingSpanishconsent.

Gibraltarhasbeencalledthe"Key oftheMediterranean."Itisnolonger theKey,ifbythatismeantthatit dominatestheStraitsandcancloseor openthematwill.Gibraltarisnot themostsouthernpointofEurope. Strictlyspeaking,itisnotonthe Straits.ItiswithintheStraits,ifbytheStraitswemeantheNarrowsatthe westernentrancefromtheAtlantic. Thispointis40milesfrontGibraltar. Ram'sPoint(literaltranslationofthe Spanishname,''PuntadelCarnero") boundingthenarrowsonthenorth,is themostsouthernpointofSpain.The Africancoastatthispointisonlynine milesdistant.WhenthesteamerenteringfromtheAtlantichasrounded Ram'sPointitsteersalmostdirectly northforsomemilesbeforeitcomes infrontofGibraltar. in whichtheshipanchorsistotheBritishtheBayofGibraltar,totheSpaniardstheBayofAlgeciras.Itistrue, ofcourse,thatthenameStraitsisgiventothewholestretch,fromtheNarrowstoEuropaPoint,thesouthernextremityoftheRock.Thedistance acrossfromEuropaPointtoCeutain

Gibraltar'sWeakness WithouttheGoodwill ofSpain

SpanishMoroccoisfifteenmiles.But thefactsareasIhavestated,andsince theinventionofmoderngunnerythey areveryimportantfactstobeborne inmind.

TheBayofGibraltarisboundedon thewestbyanelevated,well-wooded promontory,runningdowntoRam's Point.Alongitswholerangeitfurnishesanidealplaceforplantingcamouflagedguns.Tothenorthofthe Rockisalow,flat,sandyisthmus,connectingtheRockwiththeSpanish mainland.Bytreatybetweenthetwo governmentsasapreventionof"incidents,"itisneutralterritory-a"no man'sland."Afewmilesnorthof thefrontierisseenatoweringhill whichmightbedignifiedbythename ofmountain,onthetopofwhichisthe cityofSanRoque.Onitstopalso isanimmenseplateauwhichin1938 whenIwasinSpain'wasusedasa trainingcampforFranco'sarmy. Ar.tundtheplateauatthattimewere mountedgunspointinginalldirections.NordidtheBritishprotest this,thoughbytreatySpainhadagreed nottoplantgunswithinreachofthe Rock.

ThispictureoftheStraitsandtheir surroundingsshould,Ithink,show thatthepossibilitiesIattributedto Hitler,ifhisarmyreachedtheStraits, arebynomeansfantastic.Italso showswhatmadnessitwouldhave beentomakewaronSpaininorderto invadeNorthAfrica,ortoattempt, withoutSpain'sconsent,todowhat

EDUCATIONISSUEIN BRITAIN GOVERNMENTDOESNOTINTEND TODEMOLISHDENOMINATIONAL SCHOOLS.

Itwasrevealedrecently,statesour Londoncorrespondent,thattheBritish Governmentdoesnotintendarbitrarilytoabolishdenominationalschools.

SpeakingtoGlamorganEducation Committee,SirWilliamJenkins,M.P., itschairman,saidhehadreceivedfrom Mr.R.A.Butler,presidentofthe BoardofEducation,aletterinwhich thepresidentdeclaredthathewanted toperpetuatethedualsystem,butwas tryingtomodifyit.

Mr.Butler,statedSirWilliam,wantedtogetanagreedBillinwhichhe wouldbeinapositiontosaythatif thenon-providedschoolscould,within aperiodofyears,putupnewschools andimprovetheirpresentschools,they wouldgetgrantsfromtheBoard.If theydidnotdothatwithinalimited period,aslaiddownintheActof1906, theresponsibilityfellonthelocalauthorities.

StrongoppositiontotheT.U.C.'seducationpolicyisstillbeingexpressedin variouspartsofthecountry,Mr. GeorgeChester,who.aschairmanof theT.U.C.educationcommittee.was primarilyresponsiblefortheproposals toabolishchurch-schools,cameunder heavyfirewhenheaddressedameetinginNorthampton.Hisspeechwas followedbyshoutsof"Dictatorship!" and"Whatabouttherightsofminorities?"andhissweepingstatementthat a"goodnumber"ofCatholicand"the majority"ofChurchofEnglandschools hadbeencondemnedwaschallenged.

wehavenowdonesosuccessfullywith herconsent.

WhenonmywaytoSpainin1937 IwastheguestofaBritishofficial whomIhadknownforyearsbefore. Hetoldmeofanincidentthathad occurredafewdaysbeforemyarrival. Hewasstandingonthebackporch hishouse,whichoverlookstheBay, whenashellfromnowheredroppedto onesideofaBritishman-of-waranchoredinfrontofhim.liewasso shockedthathecoveredhiseyeswith hishands,thinking"thisisthebeginningoftrouble."Asheremovedhis hands,anothershelldroppdtothe othersideofthevessel.Theincident wasneverreportedintheBritishpress. TheFrancoGovernmentwasaskedfor anexplanation.Theyansweredthat theythoughtthevesselwasoneofthe' fleetoftheRedgovernment.Theanswerwasaccepted,andtheincidentwas closed!

Thesamesummer,ImetatSeville aSpanishofficerwhohadaccompanied FrancofromMorocco.Hewasreservedwhenhespokeofthisincident,but hespokequiteplainlyofwhatthey coulddotoGibraltariftheBritish turnedtohelporharbourtheReds. "TheRock,"Isaid,"isimpregnable." "TheRockisimpregnable,"heanswered,"butthedocksarenotimpregnable;theshipsintheBayarenotimpregnable;themachineandrepair shopsarenotimpregnable;themagazinesarenotimpregnable;thecoal sheds,thetownitself,thebarracks,the fineresidencesoftheofficersandofficials,arenotimpregnable.Thewhole placeisasplendidtargetfortheguns plantedatSanRoqueandalongthe wholeAlgeciraspromontoryonthe westofthebay.Intwenty-fourhours orlesswecouldreduceGibraltartoa stateofutteruselessness.Theycould retireintotheundergroundcavesof theRock,butwhatwouldthatavail them?Intenminuteswecouldblast topiecestheirsearchlights,leavingthe Straitsindarknessforustocrossas ,epleased.

"TheRockisimpregnable!Butthe Rockisalsoimmobile,andthatisits greatestweaknessatthepresenttime. Itsgunsareimmobile.Weknow wheretheyare.Theydonotknow whereoursare,andiftheyshoulddis coverwhereoneofoursmightbewe couldmoveittoanotherplace.But wehavenofearthatsuchthingswill happen,fortheBritishknowtoomuch andaretoowisetogivecausefortheir happening.Theincidenttowhichyou refershowedthattheycannotsafely helporharbourourenemies."

InthisarticleIdonotwanttofight theSpanishcivilwaroveragain,nor toreviveitscontroversies.ButI thinkthatwhatIhavewrittenisneces sarytounderstandthevalueandnecessityofSpanishneutrality.Thetask thatconfrontsusatpresentistowin thewarasrapidlyaspossible,and withaslittlesacrificeofhumanlife aspossible.Thequestionforusis notwhatkindofgovernmenttheyhave inSpain,norwhatkindofgovernment theyaregoingtohaveafterthewar. WemusttrustandsupportourCommander-in-ChiefandhisStateDepartmentinpursuingthepolicydecidedon indealingwithSpainafterlongdeliberationandusingthebestadvicethey couldgetfromthosebestqualifiedto givesuchadvice

PRESSmessagefromMelbourneduringtheweekreportedthatArchbishopMannixhadattackedtheclassificationofdefactowives andsicfactowidowsonthesamelevel asrealwivesandrealwidows.The practicewasbrandedas"anawful scandal."Thefollowingdayamessageappearedcaptioned,"Minister's Explanation."ButtheonlyexplanationwasthattheMinisterforRepatriationhadrepeatedthathedidnotconsiderawomantobeawifeifshewas notmarried.Butthatistoevade pointatissue.HowevertheFederalGovernmentregardstheseloose alliancestheuglyfactremainsthat themistressesofmembersofthearmtdforcesareclassedaswivesforfinancialpurposesandindeedareplaced inabetterpositionthanwives.This :sindeedputtingapremiumonimmorality.AstheArchbishopsaid veryaptly:"Wetalkaboutdefacto wivesandwidows,butinolderand bettertimeswespokeofadulterersand adulteresses."

Theman-powerproblemsofthewar havebroughtatlastintopoliticalcirclesavividrealisationthatallisnot wellwithhomelifeandthebirth-rate nAustralia.Ofcourse,theCatholic ChurchthroughtheCatholicPress hasforyearsbeenasolitarycomplainingvoiceonthisverymatter.But itisquitevainforMr.'WilliamMorris Hughes,SirFrederickStewartand otherstobelamentingatthislate hour.Theymayclosethestable door,butthehorseisout.Whatis needednowisnotlamentation,but quickanddecisiveaction,foritisnot anylongersomuchaquestionofpreservingthefamilyasoftryingtorestoreit.Toprovideadequatematernityallowancesisagoodmove,but itcanonlybepartofageneralscheme. Youngpeoplemustbeencouragedto marryearlyandtheGovernmentmust makeitpossiblebyasystemofmarriageloansamortisingwithsuccessive births.Decenthousing,goodfood, andreasonableincomeareallbound sipwiththesameproblem.

Onthenegativesidesomethingwill havetobedonetostemthetideof divorce,orwewilleventuallyfind ourselvesinthesamechaosasthe UnitedStates.Ifourpeopleandour legislatorshavesofarpartedwith Christianitythattheyarenotwilling toeliminateit,atleastnofurther groundsofdivorceshouldbeadmitted.Contraceptionisamatteron whichnocompromisewhatevershould beconsidered.SirFrederickStewart assuresusthat70,000livesayearhave beenlostoverthepast10years.An endmustthereforebeputtopractices whicharesappingthelife-forceofthe nafons.Andtheplacetostartis withthemanufacturersofthesesordid devices.Certainlytl-:eArmyshould ceaseencouragingyoungmeninsexual vice.IhaveyettohearofanArmy medicalofficercounsellingchastity.

Ifthefamilyistobeacceptedasthe fundamentalandvitalunitofsociety, andifhomelifeisreallytoberestored beforeitistoolate,someeffortwill havetobemadetopunishthosewho tinkerwiththemarriagetie.Adulteryshouldbeapunishableoffence,as shouldtheconductofthosewhoby wordorwritingadvocateunchastity andlooseconduct.Theissuesatthe momentareveryclearfromanational standpoint.Butatbasetheyrelyfor 'theirdepthandtheirstaminaonreligiousprinciples.Untilthisisgenerallyrecognised,allexternaladjustmentsareinconstantdangerofcollapse,andinthatruinweshallall ikewiseperish.

SomewhatunexpectedlytheBritish PrimeMinister,inhisrecentbroadcast,turnedfromthesceneofwarand internationalpolitics,tosurveythedomesticsocialaspectofBritain,andto proposeafour-yearplanofreconstructiontofollowthewar.This,hesaid quitefrankly,wasdone"tosimplify andmolifypoliticaldivergencies."I passovertheinternationalarrangementsasoutlinedtoconcentrateon theproposedsocialreconstructionof Britan.Quiteplainlyitmakessad reading.ThelargestpatchonEngland'ssociallifeistobe"anextension

ofourpresentincomparableinsurance system."TheBritishCabinetare "strongpartisansofnationalcompulsoryinsuranceforallclassesforallpurposesfromthecradletothegrave.' ThishasbeenhailedbythePressas thetrumpetcallofvictory,butto thosewholovefreedomitisadeath knell.

Theverylanguageoftheproposals isthelanguageofservility-"compulsory-organised-urlified!"Alasfor theAtlanticCharter!Wewerepromisedfreedom,butallweshallobtain issecurity,securityinaServileState.

4y FRANCIS GILBERT

Allwillbegovernmentpensioners,fed, clothed,housed,nursed,employed,and buriedbytheubiquitousandall-powerfulState.

Butinallthisfogandgloomthere aresomehopefulnotes.Agriculture willaimtoproducealargerproportion ofthenation'sfoodathome.Perhapsthatmaymeantherestorationin partoftheyeomanry,oragain,itmay meantheStatetractorandthecommunalkitchen.Thereistobearevivalofhealthyvillagelife,thehealth presumablytobeensuredbytheadventofthecinema,thewireless,and television.

"Ourpeoplemustbeencouragedby everymeanstohavelargerfamilies." Iamnotsurewhethergovernmental paternalismwillbeasufficientincentive,butIamcertainthattheprospectoffreeholdpropertywouldbe.

Indiscussingeducation,Mr.Churchillmadeoneverystrikingstatement whichthe"WestAustralian"didnot thinkworthyofinclusioninitsreport. Thiswasthat"anotherfundamental elementwhichshouldneverbebanishedfromeducationisreligion."This wasaplainenoughrebufftoT.U.C., NhichwasmakingabidfortheCatholicschoolsofEngland.Andit shouldbeaplainenoughhintforour ownFederalGovernment,whichapparentlyneveractsaheadofBritish policy.

Afterthistheproposalsbecomeconfused.IftheGovernmentisgoingto ensureeveryoneforeverypurpose fromthecradletothegrave,andif "thereisabroadeningfieldforState ownershipandenterprise,"howdoes Mr.Churchillreconcilethatvisionwith

OLDROSARIES

Wehavebeenaskedtoappealfor oldorbrokenRosaries,forwhichthe ownershavenofurtheruse.Owing tothelackofsuppliesofreligiousobjects,themenintheForcesareoften obligedtogowithoutRosaries,Mis. sals,etc.TheSistersoftheCarmeliteMonastery,Nedlands,haveoffered tomendoldorbrokenRosaries,which willbethendistributedtothetroops.

Rosariesandotherpiousobjects maybeleftctoCatholicWelfareOrganisation, ChurchOffice, VictoriaSquare,Perth.

theopinionthat"ourpeoplewouldbe thelasttoconsenttogovernmentby bureaucracy?Freedomistheirlifeblood"?Itistruethathelinked thissocialisationto"allkindsofmonopolies,"butsurelytheevilofmonopolyisnotdiminishedbythesupermonopolyofStateControl.Surely clecentralIcationoflargeindustrial unitsistherealanswertomonopoly. ButMr.Churchillproceededtoenvisionas"morevital"theearliestpossiblerevivalofwidespreadprivateenterprise.Onewonderswhatscope therewillbeforprivateenterprise whentheGovernmenthashaditscut.

DEFACTOWIVES

THECHURCHILL PLAN

Anditshould,ofcourse,becarefully notedthat"privateenterprise"and "privateproperty"arenotnecessarily thesamething.CertainlyifMr. Churchillwasthinkingalongdistributistlines,onewonderswhetherthe smallmanwouldfareanybetter againsttheGovernmentthanagainst theTrustsandCombines.

ItmaywellbethattheChurchill PlanwillgiveEnglishmenahigher standardandameasureofsocialsecurity.Butwhatisthepriceofit all?Thepriceiseconomicfreedom, andIforonedonotbelievethatany systemisworththat.

Catholic(Dakar

HasKnownFaithSince SixteenthCentury

Dakar,whichhasbeenprominentin thenewsforsometime,isoneoftwo importantcentresofCatholiclifein Senegal.TheotherisSt.Louis,a littletothenorthbutalsoonthecoast. MostRev.AugustoGrimault,C.S.Sp., VicarApostolicofDakar,isalsoApostolicAdministratorofthePrefecture ApostolicofSt.LouisdeSenegal.He residesatDakar.

CatholiclifeinthissectionofAfrica beganinthelatterpartofthesixteenth centurywhenJesuits,undertheprotectionofPhilipIII,KingofSpain andPortugal,wereestablishedinthe CapeVerdeIslandsandattemptedto evangelisethecoastalregionofthe mainland.

TheJesuitswerefollowedbyFrench, thenSpanishCapuchins,inthefirsthalf oftheseventeenthcentury,andby PortugueseFranciscansandFrench Dominicansandevensomediocesan priestslaterinthecentury.They madeacertainnumberofconverts,includingsomenativerulers,butbythe beginningofthenineteenthcentury littletraceoftheseearlyattemptsat evangelisationremained.

ChequeredHistory.

Thisisnotthefirsttimethatthis sectionoftheWestcoastofAfricahas feltthereactionofwarinEurope.In 1637therecently-foundedSacredCongregationforthePropagationofthe FaithhadsentCapuchinsfromNormandyto"OldGuinea,"buttheDutch poisonedoneoftheFrenchmissionaries andexpelledtheothers.

WarbrokeoutbetweenFranceand Hollandin1672.WhenAdmiral d'EstresscapturedalltheDutchtrading-postsinSenegal,theDominicansenteredthecountryunderFrenchprotectionandwerefollowedbytheFranciscanObservantsin1686.

Butin1758St.LouisandGoreewere capturedbytheBritishandonlyGoree wasrestoredtoFrancebytheTreaty ofParisin1763,theyearinwhichthe PrefectureApostolicofSenegalwasestablishedbytheHolySee.Despite promisesmadebytheBritishGovernment,theCatholicsofSt.Louiswere allowedtoassemblebutcouldhave neitherpriestnorchapel.

FatherBertout,oftheCongregation oftheHolyGhost,withacompanion, FatherdeGlicourt,wasshipwrecked offthecoastofSenegalinApril,1778. TheBritishGovernorofSt.Louis

foundhimselfconfrontedwithadilemmawhenMoorsarrivedwithtwo captiveFrenchpriestsanddemanded ransom.RegardlessofthecurrentattitudetowardsbothFrenchmenand Catholics,hefeltconstrainedtoransom themfromtheMoors.Foratimethe ransomedpriestsworkedzealouslyand quitesuccessfullyamongtheCatholics ofSt.Louis,but,eventually,theywere dispatchedtoGoreeandreturnedto France.

FatherBertout,towhomcreditis givenforthere-establishmentofhis CongregationinFranceaftertheRevolution,wasequallysuccessfulinpresentingtotheMinisterofMarinethe plightoftheCatholicpopulationatSt. Louis.AFrenchfleetwassentthere underthecommandoftheComtedu VaudreuilandonJanuary28,1779,the FrenchProtectoratewasrestoredand FatherdeGlicourtreturnedthereas PrefectApostolicofSenegal.

Shipwrecked.

In1895Dakarbecametheofficial seatoftheGovernmentofFrenchWest Africa.Someyearsbeforethat,in, 1863,theVicariateApostolicofSenegambia(nowDakar)hadbeenseparatedfromtheVicariateoftheTwo Guineas,andMonsignorKobes,thecoadjutorofthelatter,becamethefirst VicarApostolicofwhatisnowthe VicariateofDakar.

Oneofhisfirstactswastoincrease theestablishmentsoftheSistersofSt. JosephofClunywhohadbeenestair lishedinthatvicinitysince1819,ana toinviteSistersoftherecently-foundedCongregationoftheImmaculate ConceptiontocometoDakar.With hisencouragement,FatherBarbier foundedonMay24,1858,forSenegalese womenDaughtersoftheHolyHeartof Mary.Aseminaryfornativeclergy wasopenedandstillflourishes,but MonsignorKobe'seffortstoestablish thecottonindustryamongthenatives werefrustratedbyaseriesoflocust plagues.

Ashipwreckhadbeenresponsiblefor re-establishingtheChurchinSenegal; anothershipwreck,in1920,wasto causegreatsorrowatDakar. Most Rev.HyacintheJalabert,VicarApostolicofDakar,wasreturningfrom Francewith17missionarieswhenthe S.S."Africa"waswreckedonJanuary 11.

THERECORD, MVP:

CATHOLICTEACHERS' CONSTITUTION.

Name.

CatholicTeachers'Guild.

girls'Vovernent

*HEADQUARTERSANDCLUB-ROOMS

:

BankofN.S.W.Chambers,65St.George'sTerrace (nearSherwoodCourt)-Rooms:7-10FirstFloor

CALENDARofACTIVITIES

EVERYTHURSDAYAlldayExpositionoftheBlessedSacrament,commencingwithMassat8a.m.,andconcludingwithBenedictionat5.45p.m.

EVERYTUESDAY:C.G.M.weeklyDance,heldinCecilBuildings,SherwoodCourt.

PRAESIDIAMEETINGS:

QueenofYouth(General),Tuesday,7p.m.Roos:,

QueenoftheArts(MarianArtsGuild),Monday,6.30p.m

ReginaPacis(WarWork),Monday,6.30p.m.Room7.

MotherofGoodCounsel,Thursday,6.30p.m.Room7.

Room9.

HealthoftheSick(Nurses'Guild),Tuesday,8p.m.Room7.

MARCH

Monday,29:ShorthandClass,5-6.30p.m.Room9 E.S.C.,8p.m.Room9.

Tuesday,30:ShorthandClass,5-6.30p.m.Room9 DancingClass,CathedralHall,8p.m

Wednesday,31:Dressmaking,6-9.30p.m.Rooms7-9

APRIL

Thursday,1:EXPOSITIONALLDAY.

Friday,2:ShorthandClass,5-6.30p.m.Room9.

Saturday,3:CuriaMeeting,8p.m.Room9.

Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday.5th.to8th.Sameaslastweek.

Friday,9:MARIANARTSGUILDMEETING,8pm Room9.

struckofftheroster.Substitutesmay bearrangedforonconditiontheyare membersoftheMovement.

3.TheonlynoticeofCanteenDates willbethatpublishedweeklyin"The Record."Anyfurtherenquiriesmay hemadeattheClubRoomsorfrom yourGroupLeader.

4.TherulesgoverningCanteenwork mustbekept.

CanteenService

Girls,attendanceattheCanteenon thelastnightofduty,Monday,March 15,wasverydisappointing.Thisis thefirstoccasiononwhichwehavenot hadanexcellentroll-up,butforsome reasonorotheronlyveryfewattended,andwemustnotletthishappen again.Membersareremindedthatif theydonotattendonthenightsallottedthem,wemustaskthemtoresign fromtheirgroup.Atleastgirlsareexpectedtofindsubstituteswhenthey cannotpossiblybepresentthemselves, andeventhiscourtesywasnotobservedinthecaseofmanyabsenteeson thenightinquestion.

Forthebenefitofnewmembersand ofotherswhomaybehaveforgotten them,wereprintacopyofthecircular alreadysenttoallmembersdoingCanteenwork:

Afew"DO'S"and"DONT'S"for thoseattendingCanteensin:-theyof ourtwoauxiliaries:

TheC.W.O.Group, TheLadies'BowlingAssociation

Thefollowingrulesmustbeobserved byallgirlsattendingCanteen.The excuse"IDIDN'TKNOW,"won'thold. Weapologiseforthelonglistthatfollows,butifwewishtomaintainthe standardsetbyourgirlsinthepast, theserulesarereallyallnecessary.So havingreadthem,wehopeyou'llcheerfullycomplywiththe101requestsand we'llallpullhappilytogether:

1.OnlymembersoftheC.G.M., wearingtheMovementbadge,willbe admitted.

2.Allgirlswhohavevolunteeredfor thisactivityareexpectedtoattendon thedatesallottedtheirparticular Group.Itispartoftheirwareffort and.naturallywillentailsacrificefrom timeto.time.Thatisunderstood. Girlswhofailtoattendonthreeconsecutiveoccasionswillhavetheirnames

(a)DutybadgesoftheCitizens'ReceptionCouncilareissuedatthedoor asgirlsenterthehall:theymustbe wornwhileondutyandreturnedto theGroupLeaderbeforegoinghome.

(b)Nogirlmustleavethehallunless sheisgoinghome,andallgirlsare expectedtoremainondutyuntilthe Canteencloses.

(c)NomemberoftheAlliedServices istoberefusedadance.

(d)Smokingisnotpermitted.

5.Memberstobeinattendanceby 6.30p.m.Nomemberwillbeadmittedafter8p.m.

6.Pleaserememberthatinattending Canteenyouarenotonlycomingtoan entertainment,butgivingservice.Rememberyouarehostessesaswellas dancepartners,sobereadytojustchat withanyoftheladswhodonotwish todance:anddonotbedisappointed anddisgruntledifyoudonothave everydance.

Thanks,girls.

Thefollowingdateshavebeen ranged:-ar-

0.W,O.GROUP.

April1:PhyllisDeanHall,Irwinstreet.

April11:TownHall.

April28:PhyllisDeanHall,Irwinstreet, May8:TownHall.

L.B.A.GROUP.

March29:PhyllisDeanHall,Irwinstreet.

April8:TownHall.

April26:PhyllisDeanHall,Irwinstreet.

May5:TownHall.

Girlsseekinginformationaboutthe CatholicGirls'Movementshouldring B6950,orcallinattheClubRooms duringlunch-hourorofanevening.

Nature.

AVocationalGuildformingpartof CatholicAction. Membership.

LayCatholicsengagedineducation.

ConditionofMembership. Thesearefew,buttheirfaithfulobservanceisexpectedofeverymember:

1.Attendanceatmeetings.

2.Dailyrecitalof'Guildprayer.

3.MonthlyofferingofHolyCommunionforGuild.

4.PaymentofGuildsubscription. Purposes.

Bypractisingandmakingknown Christianprinciplesofeducation,to helptowinAustraliatoChrist.In otherwords,tohelpteacherstofulfil asperfectlyaspossibletheirhighvocation. Organisation.

Local(Regional)groupsofCatholic teachers,meetingregularlyandfrequently;thesegroupstokeepintouch withoneanother,withC.A.ingeneral, andwithotherteachers'organisations throughliaisonofficersandacentral council.

(ThesuccessoftheGuilddepends verymuchonthegenerouscooperation ofGuildmenandtheirreadinesstofollowthedirectionoftheleaders;on whomthetaskoforganisationprincipallydevolves.)

Activities.

(a)Thecultivationofadeep,personalloveofOurLordandofallmen inHim(TheMysticalBody).

h1ThestudyofChristianprinciples intheirapplicationtoeducation:and ofeducationaltheoryandpracticein thelightofChristianprinciples.

(c)TheorganisationofGuildactivities--e.g.:Professional"services"for teachers(bibliographies;reviewsof books,programmes,movements;libraryservice;lecturecourses;question box;employmentbureau;club;publicationofresultsofstudyanddiscussion andenquiries)enquiriesPresspropaganda;publicationofdefinitestatementsandplansofaction(c.f.,ManifestoofN.C.RuralMovement;J.O.C. Handbook);co-operationwithother organisations,Catholicandnon-Catholic,thatareworkingforthesameend (e.g.,LegionofDecency;National SocialReconstructionMovement).

REDCROSS-E.S.C.

AttheE.S.C.meetingonthe18th. last,itwasdecided,nowthatthegirls haveallfinishedtheirFirstAidcourses, toformtheCompanyimmediately.The procuringofuniformswasdiscussed, andarrangementsmadetohaveour CompanyregisteredwiththeRedCross. Itwasalsodecidedthattheregular weeklymeetingoftheCompanywould beheldonMondaynightsintheClub Roomsat8o'clock,inroom9.,

AnymemberoftheMovementmay volunteerforthisactivity,andgirls interestedmaymakeenquiriesonMondayevenings,oriftheyprefer,any dayduringthelunchhourwhenthe conditionsandactivitiesoftheE.S.C. willbeexplainedtothem.ThemembersofourCompanywillstaffSt. Anne'sandSt.JohnofGod'sHospitals,andA.R.P.FirstAidPosts,take theirturnincanteenworkattheRed CrossbuffetsintheTerraceandatthe Tivoli,andhelpwhenpossiblewith streetcollections,sellingtheatreprogrammes,etc.,fortheRedCross.From timetotimetheywillbeexpectedto attendparades,buttheirmainduties willbetoattendthehospitalsmentioned,andtheirallottedFirstAid Postsintheeventofanair-raid. MembersoftheCompanyareasked toattendpunctuallyat8o'clockon MondayeveningsattheClubRooms, oirinencing.:arch29(Mondaynext).

GUILDPRAYER.

ForDailyRecital.

Jesus, Teacher, Modelofteachers: TeachmetoseeYouinthechildren youhavegivenmetolookafter; Fortheirsake,makemeholy; Fortheirsake,makemezealous; Fortheirsake,givemeknowledge, healthandpatience; Fortheirsake,makeupwhatis wantinginme; ThatImayworkforYouinthem; ThatImaybringthemtoknow You,toloveYou,andtoserve You; Wholiveandreigneverlastingly, God, OnewiththeFatherandtheHoly Ghost.Amen.

PrayerforOpeningofGuildMeetings. Come,HolySpirit; Fatherofthepoor, Giverofallgoodgifts, Lightofourhearts, Come. Come,Lightmostblesses, Fillourinmosthearts.

Sevenfoldgiftgranttouswhoput ourtrustinYou; Grantrewardofvirtue, Satedeath, Undyingjoy.Amen.

PrayerforConclusionofGuildMeetings Take,Lord,andreceivemyentire freedom,mymemory,myunderstanding,andmywholewill.

AllthesethingsYouhavegivenme.allthatIhaveandallthatIam. Takeall: ToyouIreturnthemall, beruledbyYourwill. GivemebutYourloveandYour grace:withtheseIshallberichindeedandstandinneedofnothing more. (MemberstoreceiveHolyCommu nionatleastmonthly;tosaydailythe prayeroftheGuild;andtoofferMass andHolyCommuniononceamonth fortheGuild.)

EnquiriesregardingtheGuildmaybe forwardedtothePresident,MissNorine Wall,17Clive-road,Mt.Lawley,orto theSecretary,MissE.Brady,188Goderich-street,Perth.

TheCentralCatholic Libraru

GoldFromtheSea.ByJamesTaylor.

Earlyin1942theR.M.S.Niagara carryinggoldtothevalueof£2,379,000. struckanenemyminenorthofthe HaurakiGulf,NewZealand,andwent downin438feetofwater.Thestory ofthesalvage,undermostadverseconditionsbutinrecordtime,of94per cent.ofthebullion,isablendofromanceandadventurewhichmakesabsorbingreading.

TheWoundedDon'tCry.ByQuentin Reynolds.

QuentinReynolds,thewell-known commentator,wassenttoFranceearly in1941withordersfromhispaperto getintothethickofit.HeleftParis withtherefugeesandhiswordpicturesofthatevacuationarehumanto adegree.HegetsintoBeauvaiswith avastnewpopulationofrefugeescorn ingin;findsthereisnofood:fights forthecoast;getsonaboat;isnearly blownupbyamagneticmine.He getstoEngland;takesonanythingto geta"story";onaconvoyheisbombardedallthewaydowntheChannel. HehelpstodigoutinjuredinLondon nightraids;hemixesinwiththe R.A.F.ontheirContinentalraids.

AllthosewhoenjoyedhisLondon Diarywilllikethisbook.

Children'snovels,illustratedbooks, andallkindsofstorybookssuitablefor JuvenileSectionofourCatholicLibrary,arewanted.

generalinterest

NewArchbishop ofHobart

Consecrated

*SuccessortoDr.Simonds

Inasuccinctandscholarlysurvey ofthefoundationandgrowthofthe ancient,historicdioceseofHobart, MostRev.J.D.Simonds,CoadjutorArchbishopofMelbourne,andformerly ArchbishopoftheTasmanianSee,deliveredtheoccasionaladdressatthe consecrationasArchbishopofHobart oftheMostRev.E.V.Tweedy,D.D.

ArchbishopTweedy,whowasatthe timeofhiselectiontohispresenthigh andresponsiblepastorate,secretaryto theBishopofMaitland,N.S.W.,Most Rev.E.Gleeson,C.SS.R.,wasconsecratedonSunday,March7,inSt. John'sPro-Cathedral,WestMaitland.

RepresentativeAttendance.

Prelatesandpriests,representativeof allpartsofNewSouth\Vales,Victoria, Queensland.SouthAustraliaandTasmania.attendedtheconsecration.His ExcellencytheApostolicDelegate, MostRev.J.Panico,D.D.,J.U.D.,was

MOSTREV.E.V.TWEEDY,D.D.

theconsecratingBishopandthecoconsecratorswereMostRev.E.Gleeson,C.SS.R.,BishopofMaitland,and MostRev.T.McCabe,BishopofPort Augusta,S.A.

ArchbishopTweedywasbornat Minmi,N.S.W.,andafterleavingschool spenttwoyearsinthepostalservice inSydney.Hethenentereduponhis ecclesiasticalstudiesatSpringwood, andlaterwassenttoRome,wherehe wasordained.Hisfirstappointment, intheMaitlandDiocese,wasasassistantatMerewether.Fromtherehe wasappointedtotheBishop'sHouse, WestMaitland,whereheremained untilhiselevationtotheepiscopate.

ArchbishopTweedywillcommence dutiesatHobartonMarch30.

ST.ILDEPHONSUS'OLD BOYS'ASSOCIATION

ANNUALRETREAT.

Theannualweek-endRetreatofthe aboveAssociationwillbeheldatthe Monastery,NorthPerth,overtheweekendcommencingMay1. FurtherdetailsoftheRetreatwillbepublished nthiscolumnlater.

Booksandmagazinesforthetroops maybeleftat"TheRecord"Office, 450Hay-street,Perth,''ordistributioo bytheC.W.O.

NunsEducating Mikado's FourDaughters

NewYork.

ThefourdaughtersofJapan'sEmperorHirohitoarebeingeducatedin theTokyoschooloftheDamesdeSt. Maur,saysthe"Missionary."

Thisinstitution,openedin1872,is believedtobetheonlyconventschool nowoperatingintheJapanesecapital.

Whentheroyalchildrenfirstcame totheschool,therewereseriousdiffi-

EnglishFriendshipFor Spain

AmbassadorandProfessorOfferGifts.

Fiftyvolumesoftheological,scientificandclassicalworks,publishedin England,werepresentedonDecember 14tothefamousBenedictineMonasteryatMontserrat,Spain,bySir SamuelHoare,BritishAmbassador. Theyaretoreplacethosedestroyed duringtheSpanishwar,whenarmed forcesheldthemonasteryforsome time.

SirSamueldrovetoMontserratfrom BarcelonaaccompaniedbytheBritish Consultthere.Afterbeingwelcomed hvtheAbbotandthemonkshemade ashortspeechexpressinghisaffection fortheorder.TheAbbotentertained SirSamuelatlunchandshowedhim roundthehistoricbuildings.

Prof.Starkie,DirectoroftheBritish InstituteinMadrid,aCatholic,has beenreceivedinaudienceattheArchiepiscopalpalaceatToledobythePrimateofSpain,ArchbishopPla.The professorofferedtheArchbishopsome theologicalbooksinEnglishandLatin fortheToledodiocesewhich,thePrimatesaid,*mildbeparticularlyappreciated.

NEWSWISSCHIEFOFSTATE.

HIROHITO.

cultiesovertheirclaimtothe"divine.' honourspaidtotheEmperor,whom theJapanesebelievetobeadescendantofthesungodess.Sinceitwas impossibleforthenunstopaysuch honourtothechildren,theroyallami:ymadethenecessaryconcessions. Whentheschoolcelebrateditsgoldenjubilee,theEmperorsentanautographtoitsMotherSuperior,andthe conventhassincethenreceivedaGovernmentgrant.

ViewonHirohito.

EmperorHirohitoiscurrentlybeing lookeduponbyAdministration spokesmenandbytheChurchleaders asthemanwhomayholdthekeytoa post-warsettlementwithJapan.

TheOfficeofWarInformationannouncedrecentlythattheStateDepartmenthasruledoutallderogatoryremarksaboutHirohitoinAmerican broadcaststothatcountryonthe groundthat,intheeyesoftheJapanese,theEmperorisadivinebeing.

AnotherCatholic,Dr.EnricoCelio, hasbeenelectedPresidentoftheSwiss Confederationfor1943insuccessionto M.PhilippeEtter,whohasservedtwo terms.Ashisnameimplies.thenew PresidentisanativeofCantonTicino, hisagebeing53. Hereceivedhis educationfromtheSalesians,the Jesuits,andtheBenedictines,fromthe last-namedOrderattheMonasteryat Einsiedeln,whereistreasuredthe statueofOur made theplacefamous.Dr.Celio.whotook hisdegreesattheUniversitiesofMilan andFribourg,wasVice-PresidenttoM. EtterandChiefoftheFederalDepartmentofRailwaysandPosts.Atone timehewasChiefoftheFederalPoliticalDepartmentir.chargeofforeign affairs.

MISSMAUREENO'SULLIVAN, thefilmstar,hasgivenbirthtoher secondson,saysReuter.MissO'SullivanisthewifeofLieutenant-CommanderJohnFarow,R.C.N.,authorof arecentlifeofFatherDamien.

CanteenServices.

MembersareaskedtonotethefollowingarrangementsforCanteenServices:

PhyllisDeanHall:Sunday,April4.

BarrackStreetBuffet:Friday,April9

TownHall:Wednesday,April14.

KnittingCircle.

Thereisnowagoodsupplyofwool onhand,andknittersareneededto makeupsocksandscarves,etc..for membersoftheMerchantServices.

Raffia

Membersareaskedtobringinas soonaspossiblebuttsandmoneyfor soldtickets.Thosewhohaveunsold ticketsareaskedtoreturnthemat thefirstpossiblemoment,asthereis ademandforticketsandtheexecutive isanxiousthateveryticketshouldbe sold.

MARY,CARR,age10, PupilofConventofMercy,Bassendean.

WinnerofStateMedalforTheoryPreparatoryGrade-December,1942.

FROM AH 04.14,41,114.0.0

ERN'S SHOWROOMS.

YOUTHFULBONNETS, 1776.

to

Infinegradedwoolfelt,wellblockedcrowns sitbackonhead.Brimsedgedwithsoft furtrimming.ShadesincludeBlack,Navy, Brown.17/6.3coupons.

WOOLBOXYCARDIGANS. 24/11.

Realwinterweightinextensiverangeofcolours.Gold, Green.Saxe,Navy.Cherry,DustPink.Longinset sleet-es.S.W.andW.24/11each.7coupons.

CAMELCLOTHCOATS, 65/-.

Boxstyle.buttonedtoneck.PeterPancollar. Insetpockets.Centreweltinback.Fully lined.Navy,Grey,Camel,Cinnamon.S.S.W. toW65/-each.27coupons.

TheGreenRevolution

TheCommonwealthRuralReconstructionCommissionisat _presenttakingevidenceinPerth.Andifitsrecommendationsto theGovernmentarebaseduponthefactspresentedtoittodate theresultswillbesingularlydisappointing,atleasttoCatholics. Allkindsofexperts-bankmanagers,representativesoffarmers' organisations,andGovernmentofficials-havespokentheirpeace. Butbyreasonoftheirexpertnesstheirviewisessentiallyasectionalone.Theydonotseetheproblemofruralreconstruction asawhole,nordotheyseeitinperspective.Whateverconsiderationscanbeurgedfromtheeconomicorfinancialanglesmust obviouslybesubservienttothehumanorsociologicalaspectsof thematter.Thefirstquestionis:Whatisgoodformaninthe lightofhisnature?Whenacompleteanswerhasbeenmadeto thatqueryitwillbetimeenoughtocallintheexpertstosayhow itmaybedone.Buttheprocessisalwaysreversedandthemuddlepersists.

Theprimaryreflectionontheruralsituationisthatsomething isradicallywrong.Theillsthatbesetfarmingarenotincidental ortemporary.Theypersistanddrivedeepereveryyear.Yet noonehassuggestedthatwhatisneededisarevolution-the GreenRevolution.Sucharevolutionmustbegininthemind. Hithertofarminghasbeenregardedbymostfarmersasaspeculationwhich,withgoodseasons,mightyieldlargeandquickreturns. Economistshaveregardeditasalarge-scaleindustrymakingup aconsiderablebulkofnationalexporttrading.Citymerchants haveseenitasasourceofexploitation,whilemoney-lenderswere quicktoseizeonitandsystemofdebtcapitalfromwhichitwas inseparableasaninvestmentinperpetuity.Theeffectsofthese combinedoutlookshavebeenlamentable.Thelandisrapidly becomingsterileandwithsoilerosionandtheneglectofwater conservationthedesertseverywherearemarchingandtheirterm istheseacoast.

* * *

Inanolderandwisertimefarmingwasavocation,awayof life.Itsprimarypurposewastoproducegoodswhichcouldbe consumed.Itwasconductedagreatdealmorescientifically.Intensivemixedfarmingonsmallareasshowedabetterlifeforthe individualandafarmorestablenationaleconomythanourlargescale,specialised'agriculturalindustry"hasbeenabletodo. Debtcapitalisationhasinmanyplacesbeensuccessfullycountered byco-operativemethods,suchasthecreditunion.Dependence onoverseasmarketsandthejugglingofinternationalcreditwas neversosaneasfarmingonasubsistencebasisanddependingon ahomemarketforacashsurplus.

* Yetourfarmersworkashardastheirgrandfathers.But theygetnoreturnfortheirlabours.Mostofthemactuallymanagepropertiesforbankstowhomgotheprofitswhichare sharedbyanarmyofparasiticmiddlemen.Solongasthisruinoussystemcontinuessolongwillagriculturalcrisesrecur.But theremedyisnotinthesocialisationofland-atheoryofincreasingpopularitybecauseofitsfacilenature.Weshouldnotallowa wrongandsillypridetopreventusreturningtotheold,proved, peasanttradition.Weareconstantlytoldthatthisisaretrogressiveandimpracticablesuggestion.Butitisquiteplain,onthe onehand,thatthecapitalistsystem(whetheradministeredbyindividualsorbytheState)willnotwork.Ontheotherhand,it shouldberememberedthatpeasantriesdowork,andthatthey havebeenthebasisofstabilityandsecurityforEuropeancivilisationforathousandyearsandmore.Thecitieshavegonedown intothe(lustwiththesophisticatesandthecritics.Butthepeasantliveson,andunlessweareconfirmedinfollywemustturn backtoouroriginsanddevelopAustralianagricultureonthebasis ofwidespread,smallfreehold,subsistencepropertieswithalltheir advantagesoftruecommunitylifeaidedbyscientificamenities.

HisGraceConfersthe

SacredOrderofDiaconate

AncientCeremoniesSurroundFinal StepstoPriesthood

Rev.JosephDepiazziOrdained

OnSundaylast,inSt.Mary'sCathedral,priortothe11oclockMass,His GracetheArchbishopconferedtheSacredOrderofDiaconateonJosephDepiazzi.HisGracewasassistedbyVeryRev.Dr.Kennedy,Adm.,and VeryRev.Dr.Goody.Rev.FatherRaffeityattendedtheordinand.StudentsfromSt.Charles'MinorSeminarywerepresentintheSanctuary,andthe musicoftheceremonywasrenderedbySt.Mary'sBoys'ChoirunderRev. FatherLynch.

Theceremonycommencedwiththe ArchbishopvestingattheThrone. Thenseatedonthefaldstool,HisGrace askedifhewhowasproposedforthe diaconatewasworthyoftheoffice,and invitedclergyandpeoplepresentto proposeanyobjectiontheymighthave. TheArchbishopthenexplainedtothe ordinandkneelingbeforehim,the dutiesandprivilegesofadeacon.When thisdiscoursewasconcluded,allpresentkneltandthedeaconprostrated himselfwhiletheLitanyoftheSaints waschanted.VeryRev.Dr.Goody andFatherRaffertywerethecantors, theresponsesbeingmadebySt.Charles'Seminarystudents.Inthecourse oftheLitanytheArchbishopthrice impartedhisbenediction.

Aftercertainotherprayers,inwhich theArchbishopinvokedthegraceof Goduponthecandidate,hesangashort prefacewhichexpressesthejoyofthe Churchtoseethemultiplicationofher ministers.ThentheArchbishop,with hisrighthandupontheheadofthe ordinand,said:"ReceivetheHoly

Ghostforstrengthandtoresistthe devilandhistemptationsinthename oftheLord."Then,stretchingouthis handoverthecandidate,HisGrace prayed:"Senddownuponhim,webeseechThee,0Lord,theHolyGhost,by Whomhemaybestrengthenedinthe faithfuldischargeoftheworkofThy ministry,throughthebestowalofThy sevenfoldgrace."

ThentheinsigniaoftheSacredOrder hehadreceivedwerebestowedupon thecandidate-thestoleandthedalmatic-totheaccompanimentofthe formulaewhichexplaintheirspecial significance.FinallytheArchbishop madethedeacontouchtheBookofthe Gospels,sayingtohim:"Receivethe powerofreadingtheGospelinthe ChurchofGod,bothforthelivingand forthedead,inthenameoftheLord."

TheRev.JosephDepiazziwasordainedtothePriesthoodbyHisGrace theArchbishopintheChurchofthe ImmaculateConception,Dardanup,today.

BishopO'CollineOrboine

TenYoungRedemptorists

OnSunday,March14,1943,atSt. Mary'sMonastery,Wendouree,His LordshipDr.O'Collins,BishopofBallarat,ordainedtothePriesthoodten youngRedemptorists-Rev.J.Pringle, C.SS.R.,Oamuru,N.Z.;C.Edwards, C.SS.R.,Fremantle,W.A.;J.Whiting, C.SS.R,Essendon,Victoria;F.Rowe, C.SS.R.,Sydney,N.S.W.;E.Roche, C.SS.R.,Warwick,Queensland; T. Creede,C.SS.R.,Sydney,N.S.W.;J. Hayes,C.SS.R.,Inglewood,Victoria; J.Doherty,rISS.R.,Williamstown,Victoria;WStinson,C.SS.R..Koroit,Victoria;F.Donovan,C.SS.RStanthorpe, Queensland.

IntheafternoonBenedictionwas givenbyFatherPringle,C.SS.R.,the

RTheCatholicAnswer

TheinauguralSessionofthenew weeklyfeature,"The'CatholicAnswer," willbebroadcastfromStations6PR6TZthisSundayevening(March28), at7.15p.m.TheSessionwillbeconductedbyFatherLalor,andwilltake theformofaQuestionBox,preceded byashortexpositionofsomepointof Catholicdoctrine.

Reportsonreceptionandcomments ontheSessionitselfareinvited,and maybesenttothisoffice,orto"The CatholicAnswer,"Station6PR,Barrack-street,Perth.

FatherLalorandtheCatholicSocial Guild,whoaresponsoringtheSession, arealsoanxioustoknowjustwhat arethegeneralpopularreactionsto theSession,andinviteyourco-operationinforwardingthisfurtherinformationtoeitheroftheaboveaddresses.

sermonfortheoccasionbeingpreached byFatherFiscalini,C.SS.R.

Thenewly-ordainedcelebratedtheir firstMassintheMonasteryChurchon thefollowingmorning-aSolemnHigh MassbeingsungbyFatherEdwards, C.SS.R.

SixtyRedemptoristshavenowbeen ordainedfromSt.Marys,Wendouree. SeveralofthefirststudentsfromSt. Mary'shave,forsomeyearspriorto theJapaneseinvasion,beenontheAustralasianRedemptorists'ForeignMissionFieldinthePhilippinesandSingapore.ItislearnedthatAustralian andNewZeaalndRedemptoristsinthe Philippineshavesofarbeenspared, butareinternedintheirownMonasteries,whichevidentlyescapeddestruction.InthePhilippinesthere wereelevenFathersandfourBrothers.

Noinformationhasbeenreceived concerningthreeFathersandtwoBrothersinSingapore.

TheworkoftheseFathersandBrothers,inspiteofdifficultiesandsmall numbers,wasprosperingfavourably. TocontinuetheForeignMissionwork ofAustralasianRedemptoristssuccessfullyafterthewar,generoussoulsmay offerthemselvesnowfortrainingfor thisnobleapostolate,eitherasPriests orasBrothers.

BroadcastsfromCatholic Churches

TheeveningDevotionsfromSt.Patrick'sChurch,Fremantle,commencing at7.15p.m.onSundaynext,28th.inst., willbebroadcast.ThepupilsofSt. Joseph'sLadies'CollegeandtheParrystreetSchoolwillsingtheBenediction music,withMissK.Droneypresidingat theorgan.ThepreacherwillbeRev. FatherConway,O.M.I.

OnApril4,the11o'clockMassfrom St.Mary'sCathedralwillbebroadcast. ThesermonwillbedeliveredbyFather Lalor.

(Lettersshouldbeasbriefaspossibleand,evenwnereanom-de-plume isemployed,mustbearthewriter's nameandaddress,asatokenofbonafides.Nonoticewillbetakenof anonymouscorrespondence.)

MARRIAGEBUREAU.

Sir,-Itseemstomethatyourcorrespondent,"Bliss,"hasmadeareally practicalsuggestionwhenheadvocates theopeningofa"matrimonialsection" inyourcolumns.Afterall,ifCatholic youngpeopledon'tmeettheycan'tbe blamedforcontractingmixedmarriages.Andfew,Ifancy,willcontendthatthereissufficientsociallife amongCatholicsHenceaconfidentialmarriagebureauwillreallyoffer aneffectivemodeofcontactandpersonsusingitwouldbeguaranteedof thebonafidesofthosetheywereput intouchwith.Ifanydoubtitsprospectsofsuccess,letthemstudythe perniciousdelugeofapplicationstothe "PersonalProblems"ofmanyasecularnewspaper.-Yours,etc.,

INTRODUCTIONS. Perth.

AWKWARDHOUR.

Sir,-WhileeveryonewhoisconcernedaboutthereligiousfutureofAustraliawillwelcome"TheCatholicAnswer," commencingnextSunday,itisamatter forregretthatthetimechosenforthe Session-7.15to7.45p.m.-coincidesin everyparishwiththetimeofthe EveningDevotions.Thusthebulkof Catholicswillnotbeabletolisten-in. Surelythisisbadmanagementonthe partoftheCatholicSocialGuild,and onethatshould,ifpossible,berectitied.-Yours,etc., LISTEN-IN.

VictoriaPark.

LATINAMERICA.

Sir,-YourarticleonBrazilinterestedmegreatly.Wedon'tknownearly enoughaboutthegreatSouthAmerican States,andastheyareexclusivelyof theCatholicculture,wesurelyshould.

Australiahasanespeciallinkwith ParaguaysinceWilliamLanemadehis famous"NewAustralia"experimentin Socialismtherelastcertury.WeapparentlycouldlearnmuchfromLatin Americaalso.WillAustraliainthe post-waryearsbeabletoboastofa "richspirituallife"asBrazildoestoday?-Yours,etc., M.R.HINES.

Perth.

ENGLISHLITURGY?

Sir,-Iattendedthe11o'clockMass intheCathedrallastSundayandwitiessedaceremonywhichIlaterdiscoveredwastheordinationofayoung mantotheHolyOrderofDeacon.I couldnotbutregretthatprobablynot asoulinSt.Mary'shadthefaintest ideaofwhatwastakingplace.Surely itistimethatwebegantoconsider whethertheuseofLatinintheMass andotherceremoniesisnotout-moded, oratleastwhetheranEnglishcommentarycouldnotbegivenasthe ritualproceeds.-Yours,etc.,

IGNORAMUS.

WestPerth.

ASSERTIONORARGUMENT.

Sir,-IcongratulateMr.Gilberton hisreplytoMr.Tindall.Undoubtedlyhehadthebetterendofthestick. Mr.Tindall'stypeisveryhardtodeal withpreciselybecause,asMr.Gilbert pointedout,theirattackisconfinedto numerous,uncorroboratedstatements. Toanswertheseonebyonewouldtake volumes,andwouldbeamorethan dubiousemploymentofvaluabletime. Ifthey'donlydropthis"intellectual superiority"rubbishandgetdowntoa fewcogentandsincerearguments,it wouldbebetterallround.-Yours,etc., E.J.SMYTHE.

OURGREATESTENEMYPROPAGANDA.

Sir,-ThreecheersfortheCatholic SocialGuild,UnclePeter,andtheforthcomingbroadcasts!Weareupagainst atoughproposition,anditmeans "soapsudsuptotheelbow"toclean upalotofmisrepresentations.

Thefirstideawehavetoeliminate isthatwearechallengingalotoffools. TherearemanyintelligentanddeepthinkingpeoplewhohaveswayedtowardsCommunism,firmlybelievingit tobeapromiseofabettersocialorder. HowmanypeoplehavepausedtorealisewhatablowwouldbedealttoCapitalismandMonopolyifsomemiracle wouldmergethehighestidealsofCa tholicisinandCommunism?Ourgreatestenemyispropaganda.Onecatch cryofthemomentisthat"theCatholic Churchisthegreatestcapitalisticbody intheworld."Quiteanumberofintelligentpeopleseeournumerousbuildingsasawhole,andvisualisethePope justsittingbackandcollectingallthe profits.Weoweittothenobleband ofmenandwomeninourchurches, schools,colleges,andinstitutionstolet theworldknowwhathumblelivesthey

Exposition

liarCity

ExpositionoftheBlessedSacrament isheldeveryThursdayintheChapel oftheCatholicGirls'Movement.Bank ofN.S.W.Chambers,65St.George's Terrace,nexttoWarwickHouse,A cordialinvitationisextendedt"the Catholicpeoplegenerallyto.ya visitduringtheday.Expo..oncommencesafterMassat8oclock,and concludeswithBenedictionofthe BlessedSacramentat5.45p.m.Those desiringtodosomayplacetheir namesontherosteroutsidetheChapel.

reallylead.Moreoftenthannotthey arefacedwiththebogey'Interest."

Asecondanddangerouscatch-cry canbetracedtothosewhohavegrovelledinthepast-forallthetit-hitsof scandaltheycouldunearth.

FollowingDr.Rumble'sprocedure, wehaveatleastbeenabletostandup andsay,"Thatistrue-andweare ashamedofit."Ithasadefinitephyscologicaleffectandawould-beargumentfallsflat.I,forone,amglad the"hush-hush"businessisscrapped.It bringsustotheoldmaxim

"Ifyou'rewrong-admitit.

Ifyou'reright-FIGHT."

Inthesecolumnslastweekson.eone askedthatthePope'sfive-pointpeace planbepublishedinpamphletform. Anexcellentidea!Forthebenefitof scatteredcountryCatholicsIwouldgo astepfurtherandaskthatoneofour leaderscondensethematter-showing upthesalientpoints.Mywalkinlife bringsmeindirectcontactwithprominentpeopleoutsidetheChurch.In spiteofthefactthatIhadreadthe mattercarefully,Ifellfarshortofconvincinganenquirerthattheplanwas soextensive.To"AdMaiora"Iwould addmycongratulationstothebrave crowdtakinguptheYouthmovement. Theyaredoingsplendidwork,butin theshorttimeithasbeenimpossibleto reachalltheyouthinsuchascattered placeasthe"West."Insomeout-ofthe-wayplacestheyhaveMassoncea monthand"TheRecord."Thenew broadcastshouldhelpthemtounderstandbothmuchbetter.

Inconclusion,mayIexpressmy gratitudetothePraesidiaoftheLegionofMary.Ihavederivedwonderfulhelpinhundredsofways.IentreatallCatholicsinthescattered WesttoprocureacopyoftheLegion prayers(20mins.)andofferthem everydayforthesuccessofthebroadcasts.-Yours,etc., SEE-EM.

DETROP.

Sir.-WhileIdisagreethoroughly withMr.Tindall'sletter,Idobelieve wearebeingpliedovermuchwith CommunismIadmitallthatissaid againstit,butifyoucanhavetoo muchofagoodthing,youcancertainlyhavealso,andmucheasier,toomuch ofabadthing.Thisisapleatogive Communismarest.-Yours,etc., FEDUP. Merredin.

CHEMISTSANDPATENT MEDICINES.

Sir,-Acertaindrug,iftakenin quantity,makesthepatient"see green."IfMr.Tindall"seesred," \klien',inmunisinisattacked,wesuspectheisusingrose-colouredspectacles,inspiteofhisassertionthatheis notaCommunist.Bytheirfruitsyou shallknowthem.AllthatCommunismhasproducedisdead-seafruit,fair outside,rotteninside.Itsonlycreed isforce,bruteforce.

HeaccusesCatholicchemistsofnot "moralising"onmedicines.Howcan hespeakof"moralising,"whenheis soshortofmoralshimself?Hasa publicaneverbeenknownwhoadvocatedprohibition?Doesathiefpreach honestytohisneighbours?Onwhat doesMr.TindallbaseHISmorality,I wonder!

Therearemanychemistswhodonot trafficincontraceptives-averyprofitablebuthighlyimmoralpractice. Theirincomesaretherebyreducedby ahundredortwoperannumovera periodofyears,anotinconsiderable AsCatholicstheyhave moralstandardbywhichtoact.They canbemoral,without"moralising."

Patentmedicinesarenotnearlythe racketthatTindallwouldhaveusbelieve.Quackmedicinesarerare,and usuallyarefinishedoffbyprosecytion. Manypatentmedicinesaregood,some verygood.Theyareofteneconomical,savingmanyavisittothedoctor. Forminorailments,theyhaveagenuinevalue.Youcan'tfoolthepublic forlong-itisquicktosortoutthe goodfromthebad."Moral-chemists arealwayswillingtoassist,ifgiven theopportunity.IfMr.Tindallcannotarriveatamorereasonableframe ofmind,Iwouldheonlytoohappy tosuggestthemaximumdoseofthat humble,householdmedicine-castor oil-itwouldcertainlydohimnoharm, infact,mightclearhissystemofthose toxinswhicharecloudinghisbrain. AndaboutthoseNeonsigns.Iflight travelsattherateof186,000miles persecond,surelytheAlmightycan heexcusedfornothangingafew Neonsignsinthestrathosphere,forthe specialbenefitofMr.Tindall.When thePhariseesaskedChristforasign, Herefusedthem,saying,"Youhave theLawandtheProphets,andyou wontlistentothem."-Yours,etc., CHEMIST.

EDUCATIONREFORM.

Sir,-ThereisoneaspectofCatholic educationIamnotabletounderstand inthelightofCatholiceducational theory.Thechildbelongstotheparents,andtheirclaimsoverhimare paramount.Theschoolsexistsimply becausemostparentscannotundertake theeducationoftheirownchildren. Theparentsdelegatetheirauthorityto theteachers.Butsurelythatdoesnot absolvethemfromtheirdutyoftakinganinterestinthetypeofeducation thechildistoreceive,ortheschools fromconsultingparents'wishesinthis respect.WouldnotCatholiceducationbeimprovedifitwerecontrolled byboardsconsistingofrepresentatives oftheparents,thereligiousteachers, andtheclergy?-Yours,etc., PROGRESS.

Fremantle.

t,Pwroe

clireObioceoe

ARCHBISHOP'SENGAGEMENTS.

March29.--Sp.m.:Attendannualgeneralmeetingandelectionofofficers oftheDiocesanUnionoftheHoly NameSociety.

April18(PalmSunday).-11a.m.:PontificateinSt.Mary'sCathedral.

April22-24:HolyWeekceremoniesat St.Mary'sCathedral.

April25(EasterSunday).-11a.m.: PontificateinSt.Mary'sCathedral.

May9:CanonicalVisitationandConfirmationatSt.Mary'sChurch,Merredin.

May16:CanonicalVisitationandConfirmationatHolyCrossChurch, Cunderdin.

May23:CanonicalVisitationandConfirmationatSt.Joseph'sChurch, Kellerberrin. ThestudentsfrontSt.Charles'Seminary,Guildford,willattendtheceremonyofOrdinationtotheDiaconate atSt.Mary'sCathedralonSunday, 21st.inst.,at11a.m.

MAYPROCESSION

TheannualMayProcessionwilltake placeatSt.Columba's,SouthPerth, at3p.m.onSunday,May2.Acordial invitationgoestoallmembersofthe ChildrenofMaryandparishsodalities. ThisyearSouthPerthishopingto haveasmanymeninuniformaspossiblemarchingintheprocession.

QUARANT'ORE

Sunday.

MARCH.

4th.Norseman:OneDayofExposition.

APRIL.

lst.MidlandJunction:FortyHours' Prayer(2nd.-4th.).

2nd.Palmyra:OneDayofExposition.

3rd.KellerberrinandCunderdin:One DayofExposition.

Lectureson VLISte

ATTHECENTRALCATHOLIC LIBRARY (36PIERSTREET).

EveryWednesdayNight,Commencing Wednesday,April7.

CommencingonthefirstWednesday ofApril(7th.),Rev.FatherAlbert Lnychwillresumehistalksonmusic, illustratedwithgramophonerecords. ThesewillbegivenintheCentralCatholicLibrary,36Pier-street,where thegramaphonewillsoundtobestadvantage.

Thesubjectwillagainbeon"ListeningtoMusic,"thefirstlecturebeing ontherightattitudeforthelistener toadopttogetthegreatestenjoyment andbenefitfromlisteningtothebest inmusic.Thesubjectofthefollowinglectureswillbetheinstrumentsof theorchestra-thissectionbeingrepeatedattherequestofsomeofthose whoheardlastyear'slectures,andfor thebenefitofnewcomers.

Thelecturesareopentothegeneral public,andacollectionwillbetaken forthelibraryfunds.

Sendalongthoseattractivestory booksthatyouhavenowdiscarded. TheJuvenileSectionoftheCentralCatholicLibrarywillappreciatethem,

ChristianBrothers'SecondarySchools'Association *CombinedSwimmingCarnival

C.B.C.Fremantle Trophies-

Results:

55YardsFreeStyle,Under15:F. Douglas(H.),1;T.Barker(F.),2;K. Howe(H.),3;R.Twomey(P.),4.

Time,384-5sec.

20YardsFreeStyle,Under10:J. Dougan(F.),1;G.Bruce(P.),2; J.Walker(P.),3;P.Amaranti(F.),4.

Time,16sec.

55YardsBackstroke,Under14:0. Cranston(H.),1;K.Kelly(P.),2; G.Kerrigan(H.),3;J.Aramis(F.),4. Time,472-5sec.

Relay,Under12:Fremantle,1;St. Patrick's.2;Highgate,3.Time,3.31.5

See. 55YardsBreaststroke,Undkr15: F.Anderson(F.),1;K.John(F.),2: KKellyP.),3;W.Cockran(H.),4.

Time,491-5sec.

35YardsFreestyle,Under11:R. Heales(H.),1:A.Frost(P.),2;J. Dougan(F.),3;B.Mettam(H.),4. Time,3115sec.

55YardsFreestyle,Under13:D. Waterman(F.),1;B.Gordon(P.),2; J.Russell(H.),3;V.Mills(F.),4. Time,40sec.

110YardsFreestyle,Open:C.Keane (F.),1:L.Warner(H.),2;K.Howe (H.),3;M.Foster(P.),4.Time, 1.182-5sec.

Dive,Under13:R.Ellsgood(H.),1; J.Russell(Hi,2;P.Bruce(P.),3; C.Buckingham(P.),4. Relay,Under14:Fremantle,1;Highgate,2;St.Patrick's,3.Time,2.42sec.

55YardsFreestyle,Under16:G. Fitzpatrick(F.),1:L.Warner(H.),2; D.Ibbotson(F.3:R.Twomey(P.). 4.Time,354.5sec.

55YardsFreestyle,Under12:J.Foley (F.),1;H.Regan(F.).2;G.Ganfield H.),3;J.Gaunt(P.),4.Time,41 3-5sec.

55YardsBackstroke,Open:C. Keane(F.),1;0.Cranston(H.),2;B. Murphy(F.),3:A.Lepage(H.),4. Time,46sec.

55YardsFreestyle,Under14:D. Waterman(F.),1;R.Price(F.),2;R. Hardwick(P.),3;J.Russell(H.),4. Time,392.5sec

WinsThree **

Dive,Open:L.Warner(H.),1;C. Keane(F.),2;W.Cockrane(H.),3; K.Kelly(P.),4.

55YardsBackstroke,Under15:0. Cranston(H.),1:H.Regan(F.),2; K.Kelly(P.),3;K.Howe(H.),4. Time,47sec.

LifeSaving,Open:Highgate,1:Fremantle,2:Fremantle,3;Highgate,4. Time,393-5sec.

Relay,Under16:Fremantle,1; Highgate,2;St.Patrick's,3.Time, 2.361-5sec.

Points:

JuniorCup:Fremantle,44;Highgate, 32:St.Patrick's,30.

SeniorCup:Fremantle,97;Highgate,87;St.Patrick's,28.

Aggregate:Fremantle,141;Highgate,119;St.Patrick's,58.

WINNERSOFAGGREGATE,SENIORANDJUNIORCUPS.INCHRISTIANBROTHERS'SECONDARY 1..:CHOOLS'SWIMMINGCARNIVAL.

ARCHBISHOPDEGREVEALSSTORYOFANNEXATION OFPAPUA

Inthecourseofasermonwhich hepreachedinSt.Stephen'sCathedral nFebruary18,andinwhichhespoke abouttheChurch'smissionarylife,His GracetheArchbishopofBrisbane, theMostRev.Dr.Duhig,madearevelationwithregardtotheannexation ofPapuabytheGovernmentof Queensland,Thisannexationit wouldappearwasduelargelytoinformationandadvicereceivedfromthe lateArchbishopofBrisbane,theMost Rev.Dr.R.Dunne,afterhisreturn fromEurope,andaboutthetimeof hisappointmentasBishopofBrisbane in1882.

InaletteraddressedtotheCongregationofPropaganda,Rome,onApril 2,1883,theArchbishoptellsofthe visitmadetohimonhisarrivalbythe HeadoftheMinistry,thelateSir ThomasMcllwraith,andhowhethen disclosedtoSirThomasallthathehad heardinEuropeandonhiswayoutto AustraliaoftheintentionoftheGermanGovernmenttoannexthewhole ofNewGuinea.HeurgedonthePremierthenecessityforpromptanddecisiveactiontopreventwhatisnow Papuafrombecomingapossessionof theGermans,andgaveamplereasons whyactionshouldbetaken.

SirThomasMcllwraithwasdeeply impressedbytheinformationconveyedbytheArchbishopandpromised thathewouldwithoutdelaycommunicatewiththeImperialGovernment

withaviewtohavingthesaidterritoryannexedinthenameoftheBritish Crown.ThereplyreceivedbySir ThumasfromtheImperialGovernmentwasmostdisappointing.Great Britainabsolutelyrefusedtotakeover anymorecolonies,andsotherewasan endtothehopethatshewouldannex whatremainedofNewGuinea.

UnprecedentedAction.

TheArchbishopinhisLettertoPropagandathengoesontodescribethe actiontakenbytheQueenslandGovernment-anactionunprecedentedin thehistoryoftheColonies.SirThomas McllwraithorderedthelateMr.H.M. Chester,thenPoliceMagistrateat ThursdayIsland,toproceedtoPort MoresbyandplanttheretheUnion Jack,declaringthewholeofthehithertoun-annexedlandsofNewGuinecto beBritishterritory.

TheactionwasatremendoussurprisebothfortheBritishGovernment andfortheGermanswhowerejust waitingtolandandtakepossessionof theterritory.ThewisdomofSir ThomasMcllwraith'sactionwassubsequentlyadmittedbytheImperial Government,andithascomedownin historyasoneofthemostnotableacts ofthatgreatmanslife.Silentlybehindthescenes,however,throughout itall,wasthegentle,keenandfar-see. ingRobertDunne,Queenslandssecond CatholicBishop.

U.S.SupremeCourtandNevadaDivorce

Therehasbeenasteadydownward courseintheAmericanattitudetowarddivorceandremarriage.Tocash inonthis,theStateofNevadadecided tostartadivorcemill.TheState Legislaturedeliberatelyloweredtherequirementsfordivorce-almostany groundscouldbenamedinthedivorce petitionandthedefendantcouldbe summonedbymailandneednotappear personallyorbyattorney.Indoing thisNevadawasnotworryingabout thematrimonialtroublesofitsown citizens.Itwasbiddingfortourist business.OtherStatesmightadvertisetheirrecreationalandculturaladvantages,butNeveda'sideawastoattractthosewhowantedeasydivorces. Howdoesthiswork?Aresidencein theStateforsixweeksisrequiredbeforeadivorceactioncanbebrought. Duringthetimeofenforcedresidence, thosewhocometobedetachedfrom theirspousesspendmoneyandthe Statefurtherencouragesthisspending bypermittingalltypesofgambling. Thisdivorce-millbusinesshasalways hadacertainshadinessaboutit,but nowithasreceivedaspecialblessing bytheSupremeCourtoftheUnited States.Byitsrecentdecision,this augustbodyhasdecreedthatallother Statesmustgive"fullfaithandcredit" tothedivorcelawsofNevada.Inview oftheadmittedcommercialpurposeof Nevada'seasydivorcelaws,thesixJusticeswhoconcurredinthe"fullfaith andcredit"decisionpresentanexam-

pleofjudgingacaseonthebasisofa legalfictionorpresumption.Inhis dissentingopinion,JusticeMurphyputs thematterrathermildlywhenhestates thatthemajorityopinion"introduces anundesirablerigidityintheapplicationofthefullfaithandcreditclause.' oftheConstitution.

JusticeJacksonisbetterwhenhe callsthefinding"ademoralisingdecision"which"repealsthedivorcelaws ofalltheStatesandsubstitutesthe lawofNevada"inthecaseofallmarriageswherethehusbandorwife"can affordashorttripthere."

Thedivorcelawyers,hotelowners, proprietorsoftouristcamps,dude ranches,andgamblingjoints,along withallotherswhostandtomakefinancialprofitoutofthedivorcemill, mustberubbingtheirhandsinanticipationofbetterbusiness.

(SeePage16.)

toyouwishtohelpeducateapriest forworkinWesternAustralia?RememberSt.Charles'SeminaryEducationFundinyourwill.

ALEXRODOREDA

TurfCommissionAgent

802

HackRow:L.Amaranti,P.Colleran,II.Regan,D.Waterman,J.Foley,E.Anderson,F.McLinden.

SecondRow:R.Price,M.Wright,J.Adams,A.Barker,J.Sullivan,V.Mills.

FrontRow:J.Walker,D.Ibbotson,K.John,C.Keane,G.Fitzpatrick,F.Anderson,B.Murphy.

OnFloor:P.Amaranti,J.Dangan.

CATHOLICTENNIS ASSOCIATION

By"RON."

CombinedTennisDay.

AtRobertsonParkonSunday,March 28,theAssociationwillholditsthird oftheseriesofmonthlytennisdays. Thesefunctionshavebecomegreatfeatures,andarelookedforwardtoby everyone.Alargenumberofcourts haveagainbeenhired,andwillbe availableforplayfrom 1p.m.To thosewhoareindoubtoflocating RobertsonPark,hereisareminderCatchNo.13,14,15,or16tram,alight atFitzgerald-street,walknorth,or catchNo.22tram,alightatFitzgeraldstreet,andwalksouth.

Despitethefactthatwehavehad largecrowdsateachofthesecombineddays,therearestillanumberof "old-timers"whohavenotyetputin anappearance.Itistothesethatthe executivenowappeals,asitistheaim oftheAssociationtoendeavourtoget everyoneinterestedintheW.A.C.L.T.A.tocomealongandjoininthese matches.Ifyouhaveanyfriends lookingforagamenextSunday,bring themalongandwearequitesurethey willnotregretit.JustareminderbetherenextSunday.

PersonalPars.

PopularSt.Joachim'ssecretaryand well-knownAssociationmember,Jim Tully,isatpresentapatientinSt. JohnofGodHospital.Hismany friendsintheAssociationwishhimall thebestforaspeedyrecoveryfrom hisillness.

AnotherAssociationwedding!This timeitwasbetweentwoSt.Columba members,inDorothyDavisandRobert (Bob)Hearne.Congratulationsto bothfromtheirmanyfriends.

ItemsofInterest.

NewstohandfromtheN.S.W.Associationsuggeststhatthingsareunder goodcontrolinSydney.Theannual generalmeetingwasheldrecently,and thatpopularidentity,MayfPriddio, waselectedpresidentonceagain.The Association,despitetheshortageof balls,intendsholdingapennantseries forteamsofsix,inwhichgirlsmaybe substitutedformen.

Accordingto"Sidelines"(Victorian ('.L.T.Amagazine),theVictorianAssociationisabandoningtheannual tournamentthisyear,andinsteadare conductinganAmericantourneyat KooyongCourts.

Membersareremindedtowatch thesenotesfordetailsofanAssociationdance,whichistobeheldshortly.

St.Patrick'sClub,Fremantle,alwayspresentagaysceneonSundays, whenthemembersentertainnumbers oftheAlliedForces.Thecommittee arekepthardatwork,andthevisitors speakhighlyoftheirsplendidhospitality.

St.Kevin'sClub.

Inter-ClubVisit:LastSundaya partyofsixteenmemberstravelledto St.Joachim'stotakepartinasocial afternoon.Memberswerekeptbusy alldayinaseriesofmatches,and everyoneappreciatedthehospitality ofSt.Joachim's.Itishopedinthe nearfuturetohavetheopportunityof entertainingourfriendsacrossthe riveratSt.Kevin's.

NewMembers:Thedrivefornew membersisstillprogressing,butweare stillonthelookoutformore.The executiveisparticularlydesirousof securingjuniors,bothgirlsandboys. asitisthesethatwillcarrytheclubin futureyears.Thesubscriptionis verycheapandparticularscanbeobtainedfromanymemberoftheclub.

E.0.TRESISE, M.P.S.,S.A.andW.A. MANUFACTURINGAND DISPENSINGCHEMIST. ForServiceandQuality. Tel.:61Northam.

LegionofMary Acies

ST.MARY'SCATHEDRAL.

SUNDAY,MARCH28,1943.

Justareminderforallactiveand auxiliaryforces,thatthiscomingSunday,March28,isthebigdayforall branchesofMary'sArmytoassemble andshowtheirloyaltytotheirgreat QueenandLeader.Letever}member takeitastheirownpersonalresponsibilitytomaketheeventonewhich willpleaseourdearQueenandMother, showHerYouwerereallysincerewhen youjoinedHerArmy,andgiveHer thegreatpleasureofhearingyousay thesebeautifulwords:

"Iamallthine,myQueen,my Mother,andallthatIhaveisthine."

SubiacoYoung Men'sClub

ByH.J.

ThesV.M.heldanotherverysuccessfulmeetingonMondaynight. Thirtymembersattendedtoenjoythe gamesattheclub.

Theclubhasanotherenthusiastic memberinMr.Peirce.Thisgentlemandonatedasetofboxingglovesto theclub.Thisisjustwhatwasneeded,andweareverygratefultoMr. Peirce.

Itwassuggestedattheclubthata seriesofdebatesbeheldontheMondaynights.Thesewillcompriseshort lecturesofaboutthreeminuteson every-daytopics.Soallthe"professors"of attend.

Arrangementsarealsoinhandfora tabletennistournament,whichwill commencenextMonday_nightHandicapswillbearrangedfortheyounger members.Sorollalong,allyoutable tennischamps.,andtryyourhand. Cupswillbepresentedtothewinners. Oursocialisalsobeingattendedto. Thiswilltakeplaceintheverynear future.Sowatchthiscolumnforthe date.Itisgoodtoseeourmembers practisingforthedancingseason.So wecanguaranteeourpatronsagood time.

NELSON411,SONLIMITED MARKETREPORT

NELSON&SON,LIMITED,report asfollowsfortheirsaleonWednesday, March24,1943:

Heavyconsignmentsarecomingforwardtoasteadydemand.Manynice consignmentsofCockerelswerepenned, thehenswerefair,butseverallotsof Muscovieslackedsizeandcondition, andthesearehardtoquitatsatisfactoryvalues.AfairnumberofTurkeys wereavailable,andgoodtablebirdsare sellingwell,butthereisnotmuchdemandforyoungorlightbirds,which coldaccordingly.

QUOTATIONSATPERPAIR:

COCKERELS:Prime,12/-to13,(onelotexDalebridge14/-)good,9/6 to11;-;medium,7/-to8/6;small,5/to6/-.

ROOSTERSHeavy,6/6to8/-;W.L., 5/.to6/..

HENS:Prime,12/-to12/9;good, 10/-to11/6;medium,9/-to10/-;young andlight,downto6/6;W.L.,4/-to5/9.

DRAKES:12,-to13/9;good,11/toU/6;medium,9/-to10/-;young, downto7/-.

DUCKS:6-to6/6small,to5/-.

TURKEYGOBBLERS:Good,55/to60/-;fair.45/-to50/-;medium,30/to35/-;young,14/-to18/-.

TURKEYHENS:Fair,25-to30/-; medium,20'-to24/-;light,downto 12/6.

EGGS:StandardNewLaid,1/11; MediumHen,1/9i;Pullet,1/8i;Cookinggrades7d.adozenlowerthanNew Laidrates.

ADDRESS:MetropolitanMarkets, Perth.

GordonMathesonRd. forCheaperGroceries

16OuncePACKETSCUSTARDPOWDER

GROUNDCOFFEE

71b.BAGSSELFRAISINGFLOUR

11pound

'5I

8OuncePACKETS-MIXEDPEEL 71d.

31h.TINSTRUFOODFULCREAMPOWDEREDMILK .. 3/11

2511.BAGSDINGOFLOUR 3/9

501b.BAGSDINGOFLOUR 7/BEEFDRIPPING 4d.pound

12OunceTINSTRUFOODFULCREAMPOWDERED MILK

MATCHES 1/5dozen

BRASSONO.6 1/1tin

JELLYCRYSTALS 5packets1/CLOUDYAMMONIA 51d.bottle

4OunceLEMONESSENCE 1/4ibottle

OLIVECREAMSOAP 5cakes1/PARROTFOOD 2pounds5d.

PANNICUMSEED,FORLOVEBIRDSANDFINCHES, 4pounds1/-

4OunceVANILLAESSENCE

GRAVOX,4ounce,5d;8ounce,11d;16ounce

16OunceGLOBEMEATS

FINESALT

ANCHORSOAP

ROSELLAQUINCEJAM

ROSELLABLACKCURRANTJAM

ROSELLAAPRICOTJAM

ROSELLAGOOSEBERRYJAM

ROSELLAQUINCEJELLY

ROSELLAMELONANDGINGERJAM

SCRUBBSAMMONIA

30OunceTINSPLUMS

ROSELLACHUTNEY..

LEGGO'SMUSTARDPICKLES

1/3bottle 1/4 1/3tin 8pounds6d. 4bars1/1/1/6 1/1k 1/-

KREAMCORNFLOUR.. 81d.perpoundpacket

GOODQUALITYSTOCKINETTE-NOCOUPONS1/3yard

TheLegionofMaryAcies.

ThePraesidiumofOurLadyHouse ofGoldwilltakepartinamostimportantfunctiononSundayeveningnext, March28.ThisistheAcies,anannualceremonyinwhichtheLegionariesasabodyassembletorenewtheir fealtytoMary,QueenoftheLegion, andfromhertoreceivestrengthand blessingforyetanotheryear'sbattle withtheforcesofevil.Itisthesolemndeclarationofunionwith,andde. pendanceon,Mary.AllLegionaries, activeandauxiliary,arethereforeexhortedtobepresentatSt.Mary'son Sundayevening,whentheindividual andcollectiveconsecrationofmemberswilltakeplaceduringthespecial devotionsinHerhonour.

SodalitiesandSocieties.

TheAltarSocietywillmeetonSundayeveningafterdevotions.

TheSt.VincentdePaulConference alsomeetsonSundayevening,while :heWomen'sWelfareBranchwillhold ameetingonMonday.

MembersoftheHibernianSociety rneeiat8p.m.onMondaynext,March 29, Personal.

Pleasurewasexpressedonailsides whenitbecameknownthatJim sonhadreturnedfromactiveservice, andhehashadabusyleavegreeting friends.Jimwasprominentinmost oftheactivitiesconnectedwithSt. Mary'sbeforeenlisting.

Mr.andMrs.Whitesideareenjoying theirannualholidayatEsperance.

Mr.J.J.Punchisspendingaweek orsoinKalgoorliewithhisfamily.

Mrs.CyrilWhiteleyisaninmateof St.JohnofGodHospitalatpresent. Wewishheraspeedyrecovery.

M.M.U.ofV.D.C.

DuringlastSundaythepublichad anopportunitytoinspecttheMobile MedicalUnitoftheV.D.C.,underthe careofDr.A.Webster,inthegrounds ofSt.JohnofGodHospital.

Thiswonderfulmobiledressingstationisentirelyself-containedandeven embracesfacilitiesfortheperforming ofamajoroperation.Itreflectsthe greatestcreditonDr.Websterandhis .issistants,andalsoonthedonors throughwhosegenerosityitwasmade possible.WeunderstandtheHospitalofSt.JohnofGodwasprominent amongthese.

Duringtheday(withthekindlypermissionandhelpoftheSisters)afternoonteaandicecreamwereservedby abandofladiesfromSt.Mary's,and asaresultoftheirefforts£10washandedtoDr.WebsterbytheSistersasa donationtotheunit.

.114.1.911111111,14

RacingSelections

By''TheHawk."

Saturday,March27,1943.

MarchPurse(1)Ercileen,1;Choiham,2;Amatol,3.

MarchPurse(2)Monisan,1;Ore. (Janus,2;ShowGal,3.

BelmontTwo-Year-Old:DarkFlame, 1;Common,2;Oreoco,3. MarchHandicap:GoldJay,1;Marbury,2;Eridon,3. BelmontBreeders:Refined,1; SirAgrion,2;Balquidda,3. BelmontHandicap:Amallon,1;Heeperos,2;BettivMe,3. BelmontFlyingWelter:FlameLady, 1;Romanette,2;Skyro,3.

Highgafe

o Hill

hiWednesdaynight,March17,the FeastofSt.Patrickwascelebratedin Highgatebyaconcertanddance.The ParishHall,whichwasappropriately decoratedinshamrocksandstreamers, wasfilledtocapacity.Itwasagreat night,andwithWillTalbotascompere,therewasn'tadullmoment. Everyartistwasgivenagrandreceptionandprolongedapplausebyanappreciativeandenthusiasticaudience.

Mrs.Slatterywishestothankthe artistsfortheirco-operationandkindnessinmakingitpossibletohavesuch anenjoyableperformance,especially Messrs.A.CoulahanandJohnSullivan(whocamealongtoperformbeforefulfillingengagementselsewhere), andallthosewhocamelongdistinces, atmuchinconvenience.

Theprogrammewasopenedbya selectionofIrishairsplayedbyKath. Condron'sorchestra.ThiswasfollowedbyMr.Coulahan,anIrishtenor, whosang"TheKerryDance"and "WhenIrishEyesAreSmiling,"in whichtheaudiencejoinedinthe chorus.JosieKieran,dressedasan Irishcolleen,dancedtheIrishjig,and appearedlaterintheeveningbyspecialrequest.MarjorieHastiesang "FairyTalesofIreland"and"Garden ofHappiness,whileIreneStancliffe rendered"ALittleBitofHeaven"and "TheLastRoseofSummer."Master VincentFinnegan,boysoprano,was heardtoadvantagein"RoseO'Day" and"TheShrineofSt.Cecilia."The Houlahansisters,MollieandNorma, dancedandsang"It'saGreatDayfor theIrish."MarjorieMcPhail,dressedinapicturefrockofwhitesheer, recited"TheMistake"and"The Knight'sLeap."Mrs.Queelysang "Ireland,ILoveYou"and"Wherethe RiverShannonFlows."JohnSullivanrendered"OfftoPhiladelphia" and"RoseofTralee,"andveryfeelinglyrecited"FuzzyWuzzyAngels," writtenbyanAustraliansoldier.Max Jones,trumpeter,played"Because" and"I'llWalkBesideYou."Maxwas accompaniedbyhismotheratthe piano.EileenLejnes,violinist,playedpopularIrishairs,withMrs. Chauncvatthepiano.Eileenalso actedasaccompanistsduringtheevening,assistedbyKath.Condren. YvonneandAlanCarrier,tworadio artists,playedtheirHawaiianguitars andsangseveralpopularairs,including"Don'tSitUndertheAppleTree" and"SanAntonioRose."Last,butnot least,WillTalbotsang"Och,theDear LittleGirl,'andhadtheaudiencein roarsoflaughterwithhisimpersonations.Theprogrammeclosedwith thesingingof"GodSaveIreland"by Mrs.Queely,andtheaudiencejoined inwholeheartedly.Supperwasthen served,andtheremainderofthe eveningwasspentindancingtoexcellentmusicsuppliedbyKath.Condren's orchestra.

Duringtheeveningamoquetteshoppingbag,donatedbyMrs.Finnegan, wasraffled,andthewinningticket, A4,washeldbyMrs.D'Arcy,ofthe RoyalHotel,andthechocolateswere wonbyMrs.Hullet.

Therefreshmentarrangementswere carriedoutbyMesdamesThomas, Lynch,Moyle,McCaul,Kieran,Sullivan,PowellandMaryDore.

TheL.C.Y.danceswillnotbeheld duringLent.Thed..teofthenext dancewillbeadvertisedinthesecolumnsatalaterdate.

Doyouwishtohelpeducateapriest forworkinWesternAustralia?Make aregularannualcontributiontohelp anindigentstudent.

Wagin

MASSTIMETABLE.

March28:Dumbleyung,9a.m.; Wagin,11a.m.

April4:Wagin,8a.m.;Arthur River,10a.m.

April11:Wagin,8a.m.;Dumble yung,10a.m.

April18:LakeGrace,9a.m.; Kukerin,11a.m.

April25:Dumbleyung,9a.m.; Wagin,11a.m.

May2:Wagin,8a.m.;ArthurRiver, 10a.m.

May9:Wagin,8a.m.;Dumbleyung, 10a.m.

May16:Kukerin,9a.m.;Lake Grace,11a.m.

May23:Dumbleyung,9a.m.; Wagin,11a.m.

May30:Wagin,8a.m.:Dumblevim)!10aM

I4 DEATHS

ARTHUR-MOLONEY.--OnFebruary23,1943,atStaroftheSeaChurch (NuptialMass),byRev.FatherJ. Fahey,ClementJohn(A.I.F.returned),fifthsonofMr.andMrs.M. T.Arthur,ofMountLawley,toAlma, youngestdaughterofMr.andMrs.P. J.Moloney,ofNorthCottesloe.

ARTHUR-KINGSBURY.-)OnFebruary27,1943,atSt.Columba'sChurch, SouthPerth(NuptialMass),bythe Rev.Dr.J.T.McMahon,Michael Thomas(A.I.F.returned),fourthson ofMr.andMrs.M.T.Arthur,Mount Lawley,toStella,youngestdaughter ofMr.andMrs.H.Kingsbury,South Perth.

WANTED.

Motheranddaughterwouldlike FurnishedRoom,withfireplace;in Catholichome,vicinityCathedral. Apply"Room,"c/o"Record'Office. LadywouldlikeDoubleFurnished Room;usekitchen;ownlinenifnecessary;CatholicHome.

CENTRALCATHOLICLIBRARY

36PIERSTREET,PERTH.

SUBSCRIPTIONRATES.

Metropolitan.

12Months:Onebook,10s;twobooks, 12s6d;threebooks,£1;fourbooks, Ts.6d.

Country.

12Months:Threebooks,£115s.;four books,£25s.;fivebooks,£210s. Wepayfreightonbookstothesubscriber.

Girlsseekinginformationaboutthe C.G.M.shouldringtheSecretary (B6950),oriftheycallinattheClub Roomsduringlunchhourorofaneveningduringtheweek,oneoftheleaders willbetheretoreceivethemandexplainconditionsofmembership,etc., tothem.

44

O'CONNELL,Daniel,B.C.E.,lateEngineerforRoadsandBridges,P.W. Department,andForrest-road,Jandakot,dearlylovedhusbandofEthel, lovedfatherofNora(Mrs.Horgan), JohnDanielA.I.F.returned),Desmond(deceased),Patricia(Mrs.Costello),Brian,Ethel,Mary(Sister MaryBernadette),Kevin(RA.A.F.), Sheila(SisterMaryMaurice),and Francis;aged72years.

O.LEARY.-OnMarch8,1943,athis lateresidence,CharlesStephen,of58 Pangbourne.street,Wembley,dearly belovedhusbandofDelia,andlovingfatherofDan(A.I.F.),Frank R.A.A.F.),Bob(A.I.F.),John (A.I.F.),Bill(A.I.F.),Dorothyand Brian. RequiescatinPace.

INMEMORIAM +

CLARKE.--Sacredtothememoryof ourdearwifeandmother,MaryTeresa (May),whodepartedthislifeat FermoyHospital,March23,1942. SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhersoul.

-Insertedbyherlovinghusbandand family,Jennacubbine.

CONDON.-Sacredtothememoryof StephenCondon,whopassedaway March28,1939.

SweetJesus,havemercyonhissoul.

-Insertedbyhislovingwifeand daughters.

FLYNN.-Inlovingmemoryofour dearhusbandandfather,Edmund Flynn,whodepartedthislifeMarch 25,1941.R.I.P.

MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhissoul.

-Insertedbyhislovingwifeand family.

FLYNN.-Inlovingmemoryofour dearsonandbrother,Edmund (Ned),whodepartedthislifeon March25,1941. OurLadyofPerpetualSuccour,pray forhim.

-Insertedbyhislovingmother,sistersandbrothers.

FLYNN.-Sacredtothememoryof ourlovednephewandcousin,Ned, whodiedMarch25,1941.

Jesus,havemercyonhim.

-Insertedbyhislovingauntand cousins,Mrs.O'Brien,Jim,Jack,Carmel.

JAMES.-Ofyourcharity,prayforthe soulofNoraMary,whodiedApril 9,1941,lovingmotherofUrsulaand Pat,NanaofNevilleandMichael. R.I.P.

WIGGINS-Inlovingmemoryofour dearfather,HenryJosephWiggins, whopassedawayatFremantleon March31,1942;alsoourdearmother, MaryCatherine,whopassedawayon March12,1936.

SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy ontheirsouls.

-Insertedbytheirlovingfamily, FremantleandBunbury.

Phones:

9731(threelines)

B7777

9101(twolines)

TheStationsoftheCrosshavealonghistory

HowtheDevotiondevelopedthroughtheCenturies TraditionthatOurLadyUsed VisittheScenesofPassion

ThelatePopePiusXIinOctober, 1931,promulgatedtheuniqueprivilege thataPlenaryIndulgencemaybegainedeachtimetheStationsofthe aremade,providedthepersonwho makestheStationsmovesfromStation toStationandmediatesonthePassion andDeathofJesusChristwithcontriteheart.Togaintheindulgence, :tisnotrequiredtoprayvocallyat anyoftheStations;norisitnecessarytosayprayersforthePope'sintentions.Thisindulgenceabrogates allindulgencespreviouslygranted.Up to1931thosewhoperformedtheStationsgainedalltheindulgenceswhich hadeverbeengrantedbyPopestothe faithfulwhovisitinpersonthesacred racesinJerusalem:itwasnotgenerallyknownwhattheindulgenceswere. SixhundredyearsagotheFranciscans,afterhavingbeenentrustedwith theguardianshipoftheHolyPlacesin Palestine,obtainedfromthePopean indulgenceforthepiousexerciseof walkingalongtheViaSacra-atthat

mentionsthatcrowdsofpeoplevisited theViaSacrainhisday.

Inthefifthcenturythefirstattempt atreproducingthedevotionsofthe HolyPlacesinlandsabroadwasmade inachurchin-Italy:thepilgrimageto Jerusalemcouldbemade"enminiature"andinthehomecountrybythose whohadlittlechanceofjourneyingto theHolyLand.Thuscameaboutthe erectionof"Stations"inchurch groundsandonhighwaysalongwhich peoplewerewonttotravel.Atthese Stations,orstoppingplaces,thefaithfulpausedinmeditationonsomephase ofthePassionandformanyofthese localdevotionsthePopesgrantedindulgences.

Theearliestconsistentuseofthe word"Station"asappliedtotheaccustomedhaltingplacesintheViaSacra occursinthenarrativeofanEnglish pilgrimwhovisitedtheHolyLandin the15th.century.Atthattimethe WayoftheCrosswasusuallystarted atMountCalvaryandwentbackin

timetheacceptedroadalongwhich thepilgrimswereconductedwhenvisitingthesceneofChrist'slastdays. Thisroadwasusuallyidentifiedwith theViaCrucis(sincethe16th.centurycalledtheViaDolorosa)atJerusalem.Accordingtotraditionthe BlessedVirginusedtovisitdailythe scenesofthePassionofherDivineSon, andalreadySt.Jerome(340-420),who, :-orseveralyearslivedinPalestine,

theoppositedirectiontoPilate'shouse.

Tothisdayitisnotrequiredtobegin withthefirstStation:onemaymake theStationsoftheCrossbybeginning atthefourteenthandgoingbackto thefirst,andthismethodisoftenconvenientincountrieswhereroadside Stationsarecommon-peopletravellinginonedirectionmaymakethe Stationsbeginningatthefirst,andon theirreturntheymay,andoftenthey

A.E.HANSENFamilyButcher

654ALBANYROAD,VICTORIAPARK.

OrdersCalledforandDeliveredDaily. ATrialSolicited.

Terms:CashWeekly.

'PHONEM1184ANDLETYOURPAYENVELOPELIVELONGER. INTERNATIONALFISHERIES FRESHFISHTWICEDAILY. 131BARRACKSTREET. DELIVERIESANYWHERE. PHONEB2974

SupplierstoHospitals,EducationalandReligiousInstitutions. WEARETHEOLDESTANDLARGESTFISHDISTRIBUTORSIN WESTERNAUSTRALIA. FRESHROASTEDPOULTRY.

POPEPIUSXI

grantedaPlenaryIndulgenceforeach "making"oftheWayoftheCross.

do,maketheStationsagain,beginning atthelast.Inthe16th.centurynearlyeveryEuropeancountryhadits

adeStations,themostfamous beingthoseofAntwerpandNuremberg.

SomeoftheroadsideStationshad sevenStationsonly,butinlateryears thetendencyofduplicatingthisnumberprevailed.Therewerefrequently reproducedtheexactintervalsbetween theStations,measuringinpaces,so thatthefaithfulmightcoverexactly thedistancetheywouldhavecovered hadtheymadethepilgrimagetothe HolyLand.Somescholarstravelled toPalestinewiththeexpresspurpose ofmarkingoutthewayoftheVia Sacraandobtainingtheexactmeasurements.NearNymegeninHolland theStationsarelinedupalongaroad whichimitatestheformandeventhe sceneryoftheViaSacrainJerusalem, leadingfromanimitationofPilate's palacetoahillrepresentingMount Calvarywithamostimpressivesculpturalworkdepictingthethreecrosses andtheholywomen,withSt.John, beneaththecross.Thusithasbeen madequiteclearthattheStationsare asubstituteforapilgrimagetothe HolyPlaces-anideaunderlyingthe plenaryindulgencegrantedforthis piousexercise,justasincenturieslong passedawaycrusadersandpilgrims totheHolyLandgainedaplenaryindulgence.

cAnyProgrammeofSocialReconstruction MustbePlannedRoundandfortheFamily

TheimportanceofthefamilyunitinsocietywasstressedbyMissNorma Parker,MA.,Dip.Soc.Sc.,whensheopenedthediscussionon"SocialSecurityandAustralianReconstruction"atthenationalconferenceofUniversityCatholicSocietiesheldinSydneyrecently.

FollowingisthetextofMissParker'saddress:

Mytaskthisafternoonistoopen thediscussioninasessioncalled,"SocialSecurityandAustralianReconstruction."Intheshorttimeatmy disposalIcandunomorethansuggestafewpointsandadvanceafew ideas.Ishallhavetoleaveittolater speakersinthisdiscussiontodevelop someofthemandadvanceothers.

Thefirstpointwhichcomestomind asimportantisthatanyprogrammeof socialsecurityandreconstructionin thiscountrymustbeplannedround andforthefamilyunit.AsCatholics, ofcourse,wecherishthefamilyon muralandreligiousgrounds,andwe believeittobeadivinelyappointed institutionandthebasisonwhichthe structureofhumansocietyshouldbe built.Suchabeliefonourpart,coming,asitdoes,fromtherootsofour religion,wouldnotbelikelytoform anacceptablestartingpointforour fellow-citizenswereitjustifiableon religiousgroundsalone.However, thisisnotso.Ifweleavethereligiouspointofviewcompletelyoutofthe question,itispossibletoclaimthat anyprogrammeofsocialsecuritymust beplannedwiththefamilyasitsunit, andtojustifythatclaimbeyondthe possibilityofdispute.Onecouldbase theclaimpurelyonarationalrecognitionofthestrategicpositionofthe familyinthesocialschemeofthings. Thefamilyhasgraduallylostsomeof itsoriginalfunctionswiththegrowing complexityofhumanlife;to-dayitis longerascloselyknitaunitasit oncewas.Butitisstillthenatural placeforthenurtureanddevelopment ofchildren.Thefamilymayno

longerhetheplacewhereeconomics begin,butitiscertainlytheplace wherefeelingsbegin,anditiscertainlytheplaceinwhichcharacteris formedforwellorforill.Everyhumanbeinghastogograduallythrough aprocessofsocialisation,hastolearn hisplaceinrelationtohisfellowhuman beingsofhisownandtheoppositesex,

MISSNORMAPARKER.

hastodevelopvalueswhichhewill carrythroughlife.Mostofthissocialisingprocessgoesoninnormalcircumstancesinthehome.Therethe child'scharacterismadeorwarped. Outsideinfluencesarepowerlessto makemuchimprintiftheyareworkingatcrosspurposeswiththefamily unit.Itiswithinthefamilythat theindividualgraduallycomesto

Stable,Well-RoundedPersonality CannotbeDevelopedWithout RichHomeLife

learnthataggressivebehaviourhasto becurbed,thatothershaverights whichhavetobeconsidered,sothat arightbalanceisstruckbetweenhis andtheirs;itisaspartofafamily groupthatachildgraduallypasses fromcompletedependency,through thefirststagesofindependence,tobecomearesponsible,mature,independentindividual.Thefamilyisstill thebestplacealsotocometounderstandsomeofthosedeepandrelativelyinaccessibleimpulsesoutofwhichsocietyislargelyshaped.

JuvenileDelinquency.

TheChurchhaslongrealisedtheimportanceofthehomeandthefamily groupinthespiritualdevelopmentof thechild.Psychiatrists,physicians, socialworkersandothersinaposition toknowcantellyouthat,wherethe wholesomepsychologicaldevelopment oftheindividualisconcerned,theimportanceofthefamilycannotpossibly beoverrated.Eachyearisaddingto ourknowledgeinthisfield,andevery yearisgoingtoconfirmandemphasise thatpointofview.Dr.WilliamHealy ispossiblytheworld'sleadingauthorityonthesubjectofjuveniledelinquency.InChicagoandBostonhehas beenworkingwithdelinquentchildren broughttotheChildren'sCourtssince 1907,whenthefirstChildren'sCourt intheworldwassetupinChicago. Thousandsofchildrenhavegone throughhishands,andhavebeen studiedintensivelyandfollowedup. Inhismostrecentbookhesetsdown theresultsofhisstudies,andheclaims thatinaverylargeproportionateof casesofchildrenwithdelinquentbehaviourtherecanbeshowntobepresentsomefactorwhichhasprevented thechildfromestablishingthenormal emotionalrelationshipswithoneor bothparents,andfromgettingtheaffectionalsecurity,whichseemstobe essentialfornormalgrowth.Oftenon thesurfacethehomemightseemadmirable,andthefamilyrelationships splendid,butcloserstudyusuallyrevealedthatsomethinghadstoodin thewayofthechild'sfeelingbeing completelyacceptedandloved,andso freetogrow.Sometimesthismight heduetoarejectionofthechildbya parent,arejectionofwhichtheparent mightnotbeconscious,orwhichhe orshefeltwasconcealed,butwhich,

nevertheless,thechildsensedand knew,notintellectuallybutemotionally.Sometimes,jealousyenteredin; jealousyonthechild'spartofother childreninthehome,oronthepartof oneparentofthechild'splacewiththe other.Thesearenoteasythingsto discover-theycanonlybelearntas aresultofintimateknowledgeofthe personsconcernedoveralongperiod. Butitwasonthissortofknowledge thatDr.Healyhasbasedhisfindings. Ilefoundalsothatwherethisemo tionalsecuritywasprovidedinrich measure,economichardshipandstrains feltbythechildwerepowerlesst) domuchharm.

DevelopingPersonality,

Peoplewhoworkwithindividuals whogetthemselvesintodifficultiesin life,criminalsorpersonswithneurotic illnesses,orjustthemisfitsinoursocialgroups,findthesamethingwhen theygettoknowtheintimatehistory ofthepersonsconcerned.Everyday oftheweek,socialworkersinSydney, totakeonegroup,arebroughtfaceto facewiththetremendousimportance thereisattachedtoasenseofbelongingtoafamilyunit,andrealisehow difficultitistodevelopastable,wellroundedpersonalityoutsideit.

ImportanceoftheFamily.

Ihavetakenquitealittletimeon thisfirstpoint,becauseIbelieveitis fundamentalinanydiscussionofthis topic.Youcannotpossiblyhaveproper socialsecurity,exceptinasocietyof individualswithsomedegreeofpersonalsecurityinthemselves.Personalsecurityistheresultofaproperlyintegrateddevelopment,mental, physicalandspiritual,andtheexperienceofhumanityovercenturieshas stillnotshownusanybetterwayof developingthisthanthroughlifeina familyunit.

Youmayfeelthatitisunnecessary tolabourthispoint,thatoursociety generallyinAustraliawouldbepreparedtoacceptwithoutquestionthefact thatthefamilymustbetheunit,and thatnationalplanningmustbedone fromthatstart.Butifyoulookround to-day,doyouseethefamilyconsideredasanimportantinstitution? We payagooddealoflip-servicetothe idea,butthatisaboutall.Youmay say,then,thatperhapsthatmaybe

OnActive SERVICE

inYourself."Itisfree,butmaybeworthpoundstoyou.

To-daywearealmost100percent. activelyengagedonessentialsforWar Service literally"onActiveService."Thetimeishowevercoming appreciablycloserwhenwewillreturn totheproductionoftheFamousPlaistoweChocolatesandConfections,"on activeservice"toourciviliancustomers.

EvidencesofWeakenedFamilyTiesinAustralia-

trueofthecommunityatlarge,butit certainlyisn'ttrueoftheCatholicsectionofthepopulation,ofwhichweare therepresentativestoday.Weknow allabouttheimportanceofthefamily-wehavethevisionoftheHoly Familybeforeustoguideusallthe time.WeknowthatallthethingsI havesaidaretrue.ButIwonderif wedoreallyhaveanacuterealisat;on .ifitall. Idoubtit.Ican'thelp thatwemightshowmoreint.:restinthechildrenwhoformthepopulationofourCatholicorphanages.If wedid,justtomentiononeinstance, wemightpausetowonderandinquire whetheranysatisfactorysubstitute forfamilylifehasbeenworkedoutin ourorphanages.andparticularlyhow thosechildrenwhohavenohomesat alloftheirownandnofamily,fare whentheyhavegrownandventure forthintotheworld.Butthisisan aside,whichreallyhasnothingtodo withthesubjectunderdiscussion thisafternoa.

WeakenFamilyTie. Asacommunityatlargewehave doneverylittletobuildupthefamily. Thereareallsortsoffactorsinmodern lifemilitatingagainstthesuccessof familylife,andthereareconstant casualties,asitwere,alongtheway. Wespendagreatdealofmoneydealingwiththesebreakdowns,making provisionforthesadresultsofsuch failures.Youseethisincrowdeddivorcecourts,inmaintenancecourts workingwithfullschedules,intheorphanagesIhavealreadymentioned, s-herepartofthepopulation-alarger

ACOMPACT, CONCISE, ACTIVESERVICE PRAYERBOOK

9d.

CompiledbyRev.G.Butler, M.S.C.,andpublishedbyauthorityoftheC.U.S.A..Queensland,thisnewprayerbookfor CatholicSoldiers,Sailorsand Airmenisthebestyetprinted formenintrainingandonactiveservice.

ItcontainsthefullMass,all essentialprayersanddevotions andlistsspecialprivileges. Itoilers,aswell,manypagesof blunt,helpfulandsympathetic advicethatwillbewelcomed byeveryCatholicyoungman allina96-pagepocketsizebookonly41inchesdeep by3incheswide.

elleurilliScTn.Phi.Itb.

776HayStreet,Perth (copFoy&Gibson/

proportionthanyouwouldexpectarenotorphans,buthaveoneorboth parentsaliveandcome,therefore,from homeswhichhavefailed:youseeit, likewise,inourreformatories,industrial schoolsandprisons,andinourcourts oflaw,forinthecaseofmanypeople forwhomtheseinstitutionsexist,pour familybackgroundhasbeen,atleast, acontributoryfactorintheirindividual failure.

Ihavenotthetimetomakeconcretesuggestionsastohowwecan changethisgloomystateofaffairs.

Oneofthelaterspeakersinthediscussionwillspeakalongthatline.I merelypaintthispicture,becauseitis worthreflectingon,andbecauseit provesmycontentionthat,asindividualsandmembersofacommunity.wehavenotreallygivenenough thoughtorspentenoughmoneyon constructiveaidstobuildingfamily strength.

Thereisoneotheraspectofthis failureonourpartwhichImustmention,becauseitalsoisimportantfor thefuture,thatisthatmuchofour sociallegislationinthepasthasnot onlycompletelyfailedtomakethe familyitsunit,buthasevenworked toweakenthefamilytie.Wehad duringthedepressionyears,inthe daysofwidespreadunemployment,a systemofgivingrelief,whichcould haveperniciouseffects.Thestatusof amaninthefamilyasitshead,and hisparentalauthorityareveryoften linkedwithhispositionasitsbreadwinnerandfinancialsupport.His statusdoesnotalterwhenhebecomes unemployed,buthisfeelingaboutitis veryapttochange.Manymenduringunemploymentfeelalossofself-esteem,becausetheyareoutofwork, andthissubtlyeffectsalltheirrelationships,includingparticularlythosewithintheirhome.Allarenotaffectedin thisway,butanyonewhohashadexperiencewithalargenumberofunemployedmen that,despite themselves,theyfindthemselvesgraduallylosingconfidence,andthatthis lossofconfidencemakesachangein thehome,orinthefamilylife.

WidowsandPensions.

Ourunemploymentreliefpolicyhas nevertakenthisimportantpsychologicalfactintoaccount.Wehadmen, particularlyoldermen,deniedthepossibilityofreceivingrelief,orgetting reliefwork,becausetheincomeoftheir childreninthehomewastoohigh. Wealsohadastateofaffairsin somecaseswherebythewelfareofthe familyasawholewasbetterservedby havingchildrenwhowereworking moveout.Bothofthesefactorsworkedagainstthefamily;theoneaffectingtheactualrelationshipswithinthe groupanditsatmosphere:theother workingagainstitsunity,withpossible adverseresults.Untilveryrecently wehavehadasimilarstateofaffairs inregardtowidows,whereyouhave hadmostStatesinAustralia(notNew SouthWales)payingalimoniesto widowsontheirchildren'saccount,so theycouldbekeptathomeandgiven amother'scare,butmakingnoprovisionatallforthemotherherself, therebypracticallymakingitnecessaryforhertoabsentherselffriim home,togotoworktosupplementthe allowancemadebytheState.

Surelyifweacknowledgeaprinciplethatthechildrenofwidowsare bestbroughtupbyher,itisworth makingitpracticallypossibleforher todevoteherattentiontothem.But atleastastarthasbeenmadehere,

ForExquisiteMildnessandTenderness andFineFlavourAlways.

BehnsLimited

MissNormaParkerDiscusses theOtherSideof ...Social

thoughthepensionratesarestillfar fromadequate.

SocialSecurity.

Thosearebutafewinstancestoshow howgovernmentalmeasures,conceived intheinterestsofpeople,butwithout anyrelationtothewelfareofthefamilygroupcandefeattheirpurposeand sometimesdoharm.Itisnoteasy toplanlegislationsothatitwillwork outinthebestinterestsofthefamiliesofthenation.Itneedsverycarefulplanning,greatthought,andtremendousvision.Thatisoneofthe reasonswhy"SocialSecurity"cannot beeasilyachieved.Judgingfrom theglibwayinwhichpeopletalk aboutit,youwouldthinkitamatterofthegreatestsimplicity.butthat isfarfromthetruth.

Thereisanotherthoughtwhichoccurshere:Theworld,ingeneral,is fulloftalkonthesubject;youcannot pickupanewspaperwithoutseeinga headlineabout"SocialSecurity."But issocialsecuritynecessarilyagood thing?Thatisaphilosophicalquestionwhichcouldleadvoufarafield. Butthereissufficientinthatquestiontogiveyoupause.Doesthebest individualdevelopment,thatwellrounded,individualdevelopment,men tal,physical,andspiritual,occurifthe individualhasconstantsecurity?We haveseenthatemotionalsecurityisa mostimportantthing.Thereisreasontobelievethatthelossofthesecuritywhichastrong,religiousfaith affords,whichisatpresenttrueofa largenumberofhumanbeings,isresponsibleformanyofourmodernills. Butwhenwespeakof"SocialSecur-

Security

ity"weusuallythinkofeconomicsecurity,andthereissomereasontobelievethatthiscouldproveanotunmixedblessing.Thespiritofhardshipisoftenresponsibleforthedevelopmentoffinepointsofcharacter. Oneofthehardestlessonsaprofessionalsocialworkerhastolearnisthe withholdingofactivehelpincases withwhichheorsheissometimesconcerned;otherwise,sometimestheindividualwouldbedeprivedoftheopportunityofmakinguseofthedifficulty heisfacingforhisgrowth.Thenaturalhumanimpulseistoextendahelpinghand;totrytomaketheway easiersometimesjustbysympathy; sometimesbydefiniteassistance.Knowledgeandexperienceshowthatthebest resultscomewhenthepersonconcernedhasbeenheldtotheharderwayand keptfacinghisreality,bleakthough thismaybe.Thisseemsbrutal;but later,itwouldbeclearthathadyou, whowereinahelpingcapacitytothe personconcerned,doneotherwiseyou wouldhavetakenfromhimsomething whichhadprovedanenrichmentof hisexperience,andhasledtoa strengtheningofhischaracter.Isthere notreasontofeelthat,possibly,nationswhichgoalloutforastateof securityfortheirpopulationmaypossiblyfindthattherewillbeapriceto payinalowerlevelofcharacterdevelopmentfortheindividualsofwhom thenationismadeup.

Doyouwishtohelpeducateapriest forworkinWesternAustralia?Make aregularannualcontributiontohelp anindigentstudent.

PaperCover

KhakiClothCover 2/BlueClothCover 2/LeatherCover 4/6 P3srage,Id.)

"AmericanDivorceHasPracticallyMadeaFarceof AMERICANMARRIAGE"

Washington.

Commentonarecentdecisionofthe SupremeCourtwhichmakestheultra laxdivorcelawsofNevadavalidinall StatesismadebyRev.Dr.EdgarSchmiedeler,DiroctoroftheFamilyLife BureauoftheNationalCatholicWelfareConference.

TheAmericanBarAssociation,Dr. Schmiedelersaid,owesittothenation tosetinmotionacampaignnotonly forgreateruniformityindivorcelaws butfor"highstandardsunderwhich thesacrednessofthemaritalrelationshipwillberecognisedandsafeguardedintheinterestsofnationalwelfare."

Hisstatementwaspromptedbythe recentdecisionoftheUnitedStates SupremeCourtupholdingthevalidity ?fNevada'slaxdivorcelawsinallthe States.Dr.Schmiedelersaidherecognised,ofcourse,thatthereisonly onefundamentalremedyfortheevilof divorce-"andthatisnodivorcewhatever."

"Americandivorcehaspractically madeafarceofAmericanmarriage," Dr.Schmiedelersaid."Ithasbecome ascandaltotherestoftheworld.

500,000HOLYNAMEMEN INU.S.ARMEDFORCES

NewYork.

OfthetwomillionCatholicsinthe UnitedStatesArmedForces500,000 areHolyNamemembers,theNational DirectoroftheSociety,Rev.Father HarryC.Graham,O.P.,announces here.

Over33,000,hesaidweremarines, 175,000wereinthenavy,and350,000 weresoldiers.

FatherGrahampredicted:"Weare confidentthatbytheendof194375 percent.ofallCatholicmeninthe serviceswillbemembersoftheHoly NameSociety.

"TheformationofHolyNameorganisationsinalmosteveryplace whereAmericantroopshavesetfoot isatributetothementhemselves. EvenincampswherenoCatholicchaplainhasbeenassignedunitshavebeen formed.

Neuerbeforeinmodernhistory," 'ratherGrahamadded,"havemen marchedtowarsocognisantofthe necessityforspiritualsupplication."

NotonlywerethemenoftheHoly NameSocietyfightingagainstthe Axis,saidFatherGraham,theywere fightingagainstgodlessness,andin thisgreatcampaigneveryresourceof theHolyNameSocietyhadbeenconscripted.

The

"Andnowcomesadecisionofthe SupremeCourtinarecentcasebidding fairtomakemattersstillworse.

"Themostdeplorableeffectofthe decisionprobablywillbetoencourage atrendinthedirectionoflaxstandardsinStatedivorcelaws.Ineffect --asJusticeJacksonstatedinhisdissentingopinion-it'repealsthedivorce lawsofalltheStatesandsubstitutes thelawofNevada'inthecaseofall marriageswherethehusbandorwife 'canaffordashorttripthere.'

"TheableJusticesaidmore-agood bitmore,infact.Forexample,hesaid thatthemajorityopinioninthecase wasa'demoralisingdecision.'He saidfurthermore:'IftheCourt'sdecisioniscarriedtoitslogicalconclusion, aStatecouldgrantaconstructivedomicilefordivorcepurposesuponthe filingofsomesortof'declarationofintention,'andadded,'thenitwouldfollowthatwewouldberequiredtoacceptitassufficientandtoforceall Statestorecognisemail-orderdivorces aswellastouristdivorces.Indeed, thedifferenceisinthebotherandexpense-notintheprincipleofthe thing.

"Still,thedecisionstands.Itisa 6to2decision.JusticeMurphyjoinedJusticeJacksonindissenting.Reliefistobefoundonlyincomplete uniformityofstandardsindivorcelaws.

"Toachieveuniformityinlegislation by48Statelegislaturesisnotanimpossibleundertaking.Machineryfor thatpurposeexistsintheAmerican BarAssociation.

"Facingtheconfusionthatseemsthe inevitableconsequenceoftheSupreme CourtdecisionthatAssociationowes ittothenationtoinitiateamovement notaloneforgreateruniformityindivorcelaws,butforhigherstandards underwhichthesacrednessofthemaritalrelationshipwillberecognisedand safeguardedintheinterestofnational welfare.Suchamovementwould havepowerfulsupport.

"Itwouldseeminconceivablethat theAmericanpeoplewillletmatters goonastheyhavebeengoing.or evengotogreaterlengthsasaresult oftheNevadadecision.The1937estimatefordivorcesintheUnitedStates was250,000-aquarterofamillionin oneyear.Thefigureisprobablyeven highernow,becauseofthedisturbed warconditionsandthemanyhurried marriagesthathavetakenplacethe pasttwoyears.

"Francemightwellteachusalesson ortwoinregardtothematterofdivorce-poor,brokenFrancewhichwe aresoeagertohelp.Likeourselves, Francehasletseriousevilsundermine

DemoralisingDecisionofU.S. SupremeCourt .

QuarterofaMillionHomesBrokenper AnnumWilltheUnitedStatesHeed theLessonofBrokenFrance?

herfamilylife.Lintunlikeiiurselve, shehasadmittedthattheruinationof herfamilylifehasbeentherealcause ofherdownfall.

"MarshalPetainpointedtothisfact repeatedly.Justwithinthepast month,GeneraldeCastelnaualsoissuedadenunciationoflawsandcustomsaimedatdestroyingtheChristianfamily,andbrandeddivorceas oneoftheprimarycausesoftheFrench disaster.Helashedoutagainst'legis- latorsandtheiraccompliceswhohave introducedintoFrenchlegislationthe principleofdivorceandagainstthose singularfacilities,accorded,evenon

theeveofherdownfall,tothatmisguidedelementwhichkeptinsisting ontheirapplication.'

"Hedisclosedthattendenciesat thattime-justbeforetheoccupation ofunoccupiedFrance-strengthened thehopethatsoontheremightbein Franceajurisprudencethatwould payduerespecttotheessentiallaws ofChristianmarriage,andcalledupon thepeopletocarryon'withcourage.perseverance,andconfidence,thecampaignundertakentoridFrenchlegis- lationofthecancerofdivorcesoharmfultothedignity,fecundityandstahilityofthehome.""

ProtestAgainstSexEducationin HighSchools

NewYork.

Astormofpublicprotestisragingin NewYorkCity Boardof Health'splantogivecoursesin"sex hygiene"andvenerealdiseasecontrol infourpublichighschools.

Theplan,approvedbyMayorLaGuardia,alsocallsforthedisplayof -quick-cure"postersonvenerealdiseaseinsubwaysandotherpublic places.

Dr.VincentP.Mazzola,eminent Brooklynmedicalauthority,saysina lettertoMayorLaGuardiaandE.L. Stebbins,healthcommissioner,thatthe planamountsto"agreenlighttopros- titution;anuphappyexperimentation onthepartofyoungmenandwomen; andanunhealthystimulustoschool children'scuriosity."

Afterrefusingtointroducesexcourses intothesecondaryschoolcurriculum, publicschoolofficialsdidgivethe healthboardpermissionitselftoconductSaturdaymorninglecturesinfour publichighschools."Thus,"saysthe "CatholicNews,""sexeducation"is permittedwherereligiouseducationis barred."Catholicparentsarebeing urgedtorefusetheirchildrenpermissiontoattendthelectures.

The"BrooklynTablet'saysthat thosewhoarepromotingtheplan should,iftheysincerelydesiretocorrecttheevilsofvenerealdisease,"cooperatewiththereligiousforcesofthe city,whichtrainyouthtounderstand thedeepestmarkmadebysinisnot disease,butthelossofGod'sfriendship.Weearnestlyhopethatparents, teachers,andschoolofficialswillforestallinitsbeginningsthisattemptto foistupontheunwarythegodless theoriesofRussiaandGermany."

HelpusbuildupagreatChildren's Library.Don'tletthesilverfisheat uppagesofthatcharmingstorybook youhavefinishedwith.Senditin totheCentralCatholicLibrary,36 Pier-street,Perth.

J.NEILSON,Optician

S.DANNELL,F.S.M.C.(London), W.A.O.A.

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THE Bushies'Corner

DearCornerites,-Herewearealmost half-waythroughLent,andIhaveto confesstobeingalittlebitdisappointed.Ithoughtnowtheregulations aboutfastandabstinencearesorelaxed,thatmanyofouradultfriends mightconsiderdoingthatlittle"extra.' byhelpingtheBushies.AndIhad hopedthatthechildrenintheschools wouldhaveincludedusintheir"acts." Butuptodateonlyafewhaveresponded,andI'mfeelingratherglum.SomehowEasterSundaydoesn'tseemquite righttomeiftheBushies'fundsaren't nicelyswollen.However,Imustjust leavethemattertoourfriendsnow. Theyhavenottailedusinthepast, soIsupposethereisnoreallygood reasonforanxiety.

DuringthecomingweektheanniversaryoftheelectionoftheBishopof Darwinoccurs,andIthinkitshould remindus,particularlyatthistime,of thesufferingsandhardshipsofoursoldierboysintheNorth.AsCatholics weshouldbethebestofcitizensand hencebeintheforefrontofthosewho areworkinghardinthewareffort.This involvesthegivingandlendingof money.Butmoreimportantly,we shouldgiveourmentheenormous spiritualstrengthofourprayers.Their livesarehorriblydislocatedinoutlandishplaces,andtheconsolationsof theFaithareoftendeniedthem.We canhelpthemgreatly,andweshould rememberthemconstantlyatthe Mass,atHolyCommunion,andinour dailyprayers.

AUNTBESSY.

LemonadeBottle

ACKNOWLEDGEDWITHTHANKS.

ParishionerofQueen'sPark (inhonouroftheSacred Heart,OurLadyandSt. Joseph)

AFriend "Bungana"

£s.d. 100 26 26 100

DearGrandmother,-It'sveryeasyto forgettosignletters,etc.Youwould besurprisedhowmanyunsigned chequesevenwereceiveinayear. Dr.McMahon'sbookhasbeenposted toyou.andthebalancewascredited totheL.B.lastweek.Oncemore, thanksalotforyourassistance. AUNTBESSY.

125Hanbury-street,Kalgoorlie.

DearAuntBessy,-Willyouplease sendmeaprickcard?

DORAMAGUIRE.

DearDora,-Ihavesentyouaprick cardpost-haste,andhopeyouwillbe abletofillitupquickly.Ihavean enormouspileofthesecardsawaiting fortheboysandgirlsofourCatholic schools. IexpectalotwillbewantingthemduringLent,butImustadmitthattheapplicationsarecoming inveryslowly.Thanksforthegood exampleyouhaveset. AUNTBESSY.

* *

Bootenal.

DearAuntBessy,-Iampostingyou afewstamps.IamsorryIwasnot abletotakethemoffthepaper,but Ihavebadfingersandsocouldnotdo them.Ireadwithinteresttheletters intheBushies'CornerandwishI couldhelpwiththeneedful.However, IwishtheCornereverysuccessin 1943,andhopethestampswillbeof someuse. ELIZABETH.

DearElizabeth.-Thestampsarrived safely,andthankyousomuchfor them.I'msosorryyourfingershave beenbad,butthe"stripping"ofthe stampsisnotmuchtrouble.I'mso gladyoureadthelettersintheCorner regularly,anddon'tworryyourself aboutthe"needful."TheLordloves theheartofdesires.Thanksforyour goodwishes.Itisprayersrather thanmoneythatcountinthelongrun, thoughweneedboth.Godblessyou. AUNTBESSY.

DearParishionerofQueen'sPark,Youareoneoftheoldfaithfuls,and Godblessyouforyourgenerosity. Thatearthlytrinityinwhosehonour youmakevourgiftwillreturnitto youahundredfold.Becauseoneof themisaPersonoftheDivineTrinity. andwhateveryoudotooneofthese Hisleastones,Hewillconsiderasdone toHimself.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

DearAuntRessy,-Enclosedplease findasmalldonationfortheBushies, inhonourofSt.Anthony.Ihopeto makeitalittlelargersomeday.Best wishestoyoufrom BILL.

DearBill,-Goddoesnotmeasure thegiftbyitssizeasbythedispositionsofthegiver.Soyouneedn't makeexcusesonthatscore.Thanks somuchforyourhelpandforSt.Anthony.whoinspiredyourgift.If everyCatholicgaveonlythe"widow's mite"totheBushiesCausewewould neverhaveanyanxietyaboutreachingtheObjective.Itwouldquickly beoversubscribed.

AUNTBESSY.

* *

DearAuntBessy,-PleasefindenclosedP.N.for2/6fortheBushies,for favourreceived. AFRIEND.

DearFriend,-Manythanksforyour offering.Ihopeyouwillreceive manymorefavours,andremember thatyourpetitionswillbereinforced bytheBushies'prayers,andtheyare extremelypowerfulwithGod.Itis theonlyreturnthattheycanmake toCornerites,butIthinkyouwill agreethatitisverymuchworth-while. AUNTBESSY.

* * *

DearE.H.,-Thestampsarrivedin goodorder,forwhichmanythanks. ButInearlymissedyourinitialson theinsideofthebag.Iwaspleased tonoteyouwereoneofourKalgoorlieCornerites,whichremindsmethat wedon'thearfromt.pthereasmuch asweusedto.Idohopeyourexamplewillhelptowardsarenewalof friendsonthe'Fields. AUNTBESSY.

solidfoundation.Besureyourspecialintentionwillreceiveaparticular remembranceinourprayersandof suchwortharetheprayersofchildren that,allthingsbeingequal,Ihaveno doubtyouwillhavefurtherreasonto begratefultoGodsoon.

AUNTBESSY.

"PASTORANGELICUS."

ThefirstpublicshowinginRomeof thefilm,"PastorAngelicus,"thesimplepresentationofthelifeandactivityofourHolyFatherthePope,took placerecently.

Thefilm,whichtookeightmonths tomake,accountedfornearly100,000 feetofcelluloid,butofthisonly6,000 feetisseeninthefinalrevision.In ittheSistineChoirplaysaprominent part,itschantbeingheardincreasinglyashisHoliness'sbrilliantcareer bringshimevernearerthesplendour ofthePontificalthrone.

Mt.Lawley.

DearAuntBessy,-Willyouplease rindenclosedP.N.for£1,samebeing adonationtoyourveryworthycause. Mayyoureffortsforthecomingyear bemostsuccessful.Thedonationis sentingratitudeforafavourreceived.Iwouldbepleasedifyouwould kindlyrememberinyourprayersaspecialintentionofmine,andamthankingyouinanticipation.Wishingyou andtheBusbieseverysuccess.

"BUNGANA."

Dear"Bungana,"-IfourCauseis"a veryworthyone,"yourcontribution toitisveryprincelyandthankyouso much.TheBushies'Schemeisvery largelyfinancedbythegratitudeto Godofitsfriends,andthatisavery

TheSovereignPontiff'sworkforprisonersinWorldWarNo.1isshown, heisseenintheVaticanGardens,in thegrandeurofdiplomaticaudiences, andinthehomelikeatmosphereofthe "VaticanWednesdays,"thedayson whichhisHolinessdelightstomeetand talktothenewly-weds.

Aswillberealised,thefameof"PastorAngelicus"owesnothingtoromance.Neitherisitmeredocumentation.andnotasinglescenewas"acted."

NORMALLUCK.

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*TwoMaladiesoftheCatholicMind ThatLeadtoConfusion&Discouragement

ByWILFRIDPARSONS,in"America

Thecatholicmindsuffersfromtwo maladies,bothofwhichhavekeptit frommakingtheimpactontheworld which,asthepossessorofChristian truth,itshouldmake.ThefirstI shallcallpoliticalconformism,andthe secondsocialscepticism.

Botho:thesemaladieshavebeenendemicintheCatholicmindforsome time,perhapscenturies.Letustake theminorder. (WearenotdiscussingthequestionofChurchandState, whichisadifferentmatterentirely.)

Politicalconformismspringsfrom thefallacythatsomewhere,somehow, theinterestsoftheCatholicChurchdependonaparticularpoliticalsituation. Atthetimeofthelastwartherewere somewhothoughttheChurch'swelfarehungontheHapsburgs.Inthe nineteenthcentury,manyFrenchmen imaginedtheChurchwasnecessarily tiedtothemonarchy.InSpainand someLatin-Americancountries,itwas theCon,ervative.towhomtheChurch wasconfidedforitssafety.Someyears ago,aprominentecclesiasticassured mesolemnlythatthegoodofthe ChurchinNewYorkdependedonTammanyHallbeingretainedinpower.

Therearemanyothersymptomsof thedisease.Oneofthemistheidea, currentamongsomeCatholics,thatthe PopeshouldhavesatattheVersailles Conference,andshouldsitatthenext peacecongress.Anotheristhatarmed force,sayinMexicoorSpain,orwherever,couldsavetheChurchthere. Notafew,inPranceorevenhere,imaginedthatAdolfHitlerwouldbethe bulwarkofChristianityagainstatheisticBolshevism.

Stillanotherformofthesamefallacy isthedelusion,alwaysentertainedby afew,andbythemfrequentlyunconsciously,thatthetrueinterestsofthe Churcharesomehowboundupwith thoseofthegreatfinancialandindustrialpowers.

Therearecertaingeneralstatements whichcanbemadeaboutthisfallacy:

(1)theinitiativeusuallycomesfrom thepoliticians,notfromtheecclesiastics,whoareonlytheirinstruments;

)2),theallianceisalwaysofferedasa benefitfortheChurch;thatis,theend isgood;(3),itinvariablyfinishesby beingaunion,notwiththeStateitself,butwithonepartyintheState; (4)thisalliancealwaysturnsoutdisastrouslyfortheChurch,whichisenslavedbyit;(5)inspiteofthat,the attemptisalwayssuccessfullymade again.

Inthiscountry,politicalconformism hasnotbeenparticularlyrampant,exceptinlocalsituations.Butthereis alwaysthedangerofitonanational scale,forpeopleareeasilyconvinced byplausiblepoliticiansthattheircause isamoral(thatis,areligious)one. Thegreatestdangerfromitinthis countryisthatsympathybeshown withitwhenitispractisedinother countries.

Thesecondmaladyistheoppositeof thefirst,andIcallitsocialscepticism.

Ittakesmanyforms.Oneofthemis theideathattheChurchshouldnot meddlewithsocialandeconomicquestions,butleavesuchthingstothe businessman.Another,comingfrom otherwisesocial-mindedpeople,holds thatthereisnopossibilityofmending ourinstitutionsuntilwehavefirst broughtaboutmoralreform.Still another,akintotheothertwo,but morehigh-minded,wouldhavethe Churchremainapurelyspiritualsociety,solelyandimmediatelyconcerned withtheeternalsalvationofitsmembers.

EversinceSt.Augustinefirstpreachedit,therehavealwaysbeenCatholics whodeniedordespairedofthetemporalmissionoftheChurch.Infact, itwascenturiesbeforetheideatook hold,butwhenitdid,wehadthesplendidmedieval AftertheReformation,despairagainsettleddown onCatholics.Onlyrecently,sinceLeo XIII,hasthehopearisenthatChristianitycanoncemorebringaboutthe salvationofsociety.

Backofthisscepticismanddespair, liesaworldofexperienceandfact.Nonreligiouselementshavecapturedtheinstrumentsofprogress:science,educationandpoliticalpower;andthe Church,eveninthemindsofitsmembers,hasbecomeasortofprivateso-

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Church'sInterestsDoNotDependon ParticularPoliticalSituations

ciety,elegantandinteresting,butnot asocialforce.

True,thenon-religiouselementshave failedegregiously,fortheyconverted theirshininginstrumentsintoweapons ofdestruction.Buttheirdiscrediting hasnotyetmeant,nordoesitnecessarilymean,theopportunityofthe Church.Stilllowerelementsmay takecontrol.

Nowtherearetwoobviousdifferencesbetweenthesetwomaladies.Politicalconformismleadstoactionofa certainkind,butalwaysmisguidedly andunfortunately.Socialscepticism leadstoinaction,butnolessmisguidedandunfortunate.Thefactthat thetwomaladiescanco-existinthe samemind,andeveninthesameindividuals,hasusuallyledtoconfusion, andsotodiscouragement.

Allthisleadstoonedefiniteconclusion,andthatisthatthelotofa Catholicinthisworld,whichis,and alwayswillbe,ledbytheconsequences

ofOriginalSin,isanespeciallyhard one.Healwayshastobalancehimselfonthesharpanduneasyedgeofa distinction.Togotoonesideisdisaster,andtogototheotherisoblivion.Usuallyhehastotakehisstand ontwocontrariestogether,andreceives thejeersofbothofthem.

Itseemstomethatinthatfactwe maybeapproachingthereasonforthe admittedimpotenceoftheChurchin themodernworld.Wearealwaysallowingourselvestobecaughtonthe hornsofadilemma.Onceitwaseither

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Musttherebemoralreformbeforewecanmendourinstitutions?

capitalismorsocialism.Againitwas eitherFascismorCommunism.And soon.Bothsidesconspireinsaying wehavenochoice.Thetraditional murmuroftheChurch,"daturtertium,' isurbanelysmiledaway.

Buttheveryexistence,humanly speaking,oftheChurch,dependson ourmaintainingthat"tertium,"that middleway.ChrististheMediator, "quifecitutraqueunum,"whounited Heavenandearth.Hisfollowerscan donoless,Godhelpthem,andourblueprintmusttakethatcourse,hardasit is.

Itisallthemoreimportanttomake thisblueprintfor,afterthiswar,weare goingagaintobefacedwithadilemma. Theforcesofreaction,ofeconomicliberalism,ofcapitalism,aregoingtoconspirewiththeforcesofcollectivismin tellingusthatwehavetochoosebetweenthem.

Iftheysucceed,thenCatholicswill havenoplacetogo.Wecannotgo totheRight,forthatwayliesoblivion, asinthepast.Wecannotgotothe Left,forthatwayliesdestruction.Our wholetemporalsalvation,andthatof society,dependsonourbeingableto establishourmiddlecourse.

Nowthismiddlecoursedoesnotlie indenyingthevalidityofthetwo forcesoneachsideofus.Itisthat mistakewhichhascostussomuchin thepast,andhasledtoourisolation andsterilisation.Theerrorofthose twosidesresidesintheirbeingpartial

truths.Neitherofthemiswide enoughtoembracethewholecentral truth.

Letusexaminethisproblem,forin oursolutionofitliesthewholepossibilityofourbeingabletomakeour ownpositionfeltwiththecertainty thatourinterventionwillbefruitful.

Itistrue,astheindividualiststell us,thattheultimatebenefitsofsociety mustaccruetothehumanperson.But itisonlypartofthetruth.What theydonottellusisthatsocietyisa goodinitself,andthatitisthrough socialwelfarethattheultimatebenefitsreachallwithequaljustice.

Itis,therefore,alsotrue,asthecollectiviststellus,thatthewelfareofsocietyshouldbetheimmediateconcern ofallitsmembers.Whattheydonot tellusisthattheonlyreasonthissocialwelfareisimportant isthat throughittheindividualhumanpersonmayrealisehisintegrity.

Nowourownpositionmustbe,not torejectthepositivepositionsofeither theindividualistsorthecollectivists, stilllesstoruntoindividualismbecausewefearcollectivism,orembrace collectivismbecause,inourgenerosity, wehatetheselfishnessoftheindividualists.

theexclusivecustodianoftruthonthe planeofRevelation,wehavesomehow gottheideathattheChurchmustbe exclusiveoneveryotherplane.

Itmightbewellforustoremember thatnotallCatholictruthwasrejectedwhentheProtestantrevolttook place,andalsothatmuchofthetruth oftheoriginalRevelationwasinheritedbytheChurchfromJudaismandis stillthere.Ourjobistoseekoutthe presentpossessorsofthosetruths,and presenttothemoursynthesisofsocial solutions,andco-operatewiththemin bringingthesetruthstofruition.This iscertainlythemeaningofPopePius XIIinhis"SertumLaetitiae.''

Thethirdandlaststepisaprocess ofpsychologicalconditioningofourselves.Weshallhavetoaccustomourselvestohalf-measures.Thisstatementwillprobablyscandalise,butnot Ifunderstood.Itisthelasttragedy ofCatholicstocometotheposition thatbecausetheycannothaveall,they willnotbecontentwithhalf.That isarockwhichhaswreckedmanyfair enterprises.

Perfectionisandmustbethepersonalidealofallofus.Butinsocial mattersitisnotperfectionthatcounts, forwenevershallhavethat,but,as Mr.delaBedoyerepointsoutinhis "ChristianCrisis,"direction.Itison thebasisofdirectionthatwecancooperatewithothersoutsidetheChurch inworkingoutthesalvationofsociety,anditisdirectionwhichcankeep ussatisfied,evenwhentheultimate goalisnotreached.

Thetimeisrunningout.Evennow thecollectivismandtheindividualists areentrenchingthemselves,creatinga situationwhichwillexcludeus.Both ofthemareinstrategicpositionsinour Government,andingovernmentseverywhere,andtheyareplanningforthe post-warworld.Theyarealready tellinguswehavetochosebetween them.

Finally,letmemakemyownthe wordsofMrs.Miniver:"Wemaynot, ofcourse,getthechance,butifwedo, andoncemorefailtoactuponit,I feelprettysureweshan'tbegiven anotherone."

4

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Ourownpositionmustbetoreject withfirmnesstheclaimsofthosetwo extremesthatwehavetochoosemerelybetweenthem.Whenthegreatdebatecomesafterthewar,wewillnot shout''aplagueonbothyourhouses!' brushourhandsoff,andgoourseparateways.Wehavedonethattoo ofteninthepast,andsoreligionhas cometobetotheworldauseless,becausesterile,invention.

Ontheotherhand,wewillneither allytheChurch,asChurch,withany politicalparty,hereorintheworld, norwillwetakerefugeinthedespair ofscepticism.Ourplacewillbea hardone,asalways,butitwillbebetweenthosetwoextremes.Thereare threepositivestepstotake.

Thefirststepwillbeanintellectual one.Itwillbeourownassenttothe partialtruthsofboththeindividualistsandthecollectivists.Wewillthen unitethemintoonecentraltruth,interpretthistruthintermsofcontemporaryconditions,andinseason,outof season,presentittotheworld.

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THEGENERALAGENCYCO. PERTH'SLEADING

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SwordoftheSpiritPlansReconstructionofIndustry

OutlineofProposedIndustrialCouncils

RepresentingEmployers,WorkersandState

Fightingclass-war

Thebroadoutlinesofaplanforthe reconstructionofindustrytoensure justiceforallhasbeendrawnsipin theformofaninterimreportbythe Sub-CommitteeonIndustrialDemocracyoftheSwordoftheSpirit.Itis thehopeoftheS.O.S.thatthereport willprovokediscussionandthatconstructivesuggestionswillbeofferedfor theconsiderationoftheSub-Committee beforethedraftingofafinalreport.

Themainfeatureoftheschemeis thecontrolofindustrybybothmanagementandworkers,withdirectrepresentationonthelegislature.Balancebetweenproductionandconsumptionistoberegulated,withprovision !orstandardsofwork,ajustliving wageforallemployees,andacontrolled scaleofprofit.Productionistobe nolongerdominatedbyfinance.

Ineachindustry(saysthereport) thereshouldbeestablishedacouncil ofindustryrepresentingmanagement includingownership),techniciansand workers.Themembersofthecouncil willbeemployers'associationsandthe tradeunionsconcerned.Inorderthat theseorganisationsmayspeakforall engagedintheindustry,allemployers ormanagersandallemployeesineach industrytobecomemembersoftheir associationortradeunion.Where nosuchassociationortradeunionexists,itshouldbeformedforthepurpose.

Thereportadvocatesequalityinrepresentationofemployersandemployedasmostproductiveofgoodresults.

Thegeneralcouncilofindustryis suggestedtoco-ordinatetheactivities ofthecouncilsinallmattersaffectingtheindustryasawhole.This councilshouldberepresentedonthe :egislaturesothatitcanhelptoframe :egislationaffectingindustryinaccordancewithsocialjusticeandhelpto iiiminateunemployment.

Tosecureitspermanentrepresentation,provisionshouldbemadeforits inclusioninarevisedsecondchamber.

Theobjectofthecouncilsofindustry willbetoestablishaworkingpartnershipofallconcernedineachindustry.

(1)Inframingthebroadpolicyof theindustrysoastokeepproduction inrelationtoconsumption.

(2)Inallmattersaffectingthecontinuityandconditionsofserviceand welfareoftheworkers,includingthe establishmentofajustfamilywage

withco-operation

andafairstandardofwork,pensions, vocationaltraining,entryandrecruitmentoflabour,etc.

(3)Inregulatingthepricesand qualityofgoods.

Thereportlaysdownthattherecognisedfirstchargeonindustryasa wholeshouldbeajustlivingwagedeterminedbyanagreedstandardof work,anagreedminimumaveragefamily,andtheassumptionthatawife shouldnothavetoworktosupplementthewagestoalivingwage.

Thecouncilofeachindustry,adds thereport,willalsoundertake,asone ofitsessentialduties,toprotectthe interestsofthe"smallman"equally

RosenbergTalks ofTolerance

NewYork.

"NationalSocialismteachesabsolute tolerancetowardsallreligiousgroups -asfarastheiractivitiesarenotdirectedagainsttheGermanicmoralfeelingoragainsttheexistenceoftheGermanReich."

Withthesefalsewords,AlfredRosenberg,philosopheroftheNaziParty, gavethefirstsignthattheHitlerites arebecomingworriedovertheworldwideattackagainsttheiroppressionof religion.

ThisisthefirsttimeRosenberghas beenonthedefensiveasfarasNazi religiouspoliciesareconcerned.He hadneverbeforementionedtheword "tolerance:'Hehas,though,brazenly advocatedtheoverthrowofChristianityandthesubstitutionofa"Germanic"religionwithoutChristorChristianmorality.

Hiswritingshavebeensohostileto ChristianitythattheyhavebeenofficiallycondemnedbytheGermanBishops,bytheHierarchyinothercountries,andbytheVatican.

Rosenbergoncewascondemnedby thepresentPopeas"anauthorwho writesagainstallthatwhichisCatholicandwhichisChristianity,andwho isexaltedandcrownedasanewprophetinhisowncountry."

ThenewNazidefinitionofreligious tolerancecloselyfollowstheJapanese lineexpressedbytheNipponese ForeignOfficemouthpiece,the"Japan TimesandAdvertiser,""Towardthose religiousbodieswillingtoco-operate withtheJapaneseauthorities,thelatterwilladoptanattitudeoftolerance orgivethemnecessaryaidforfreedom ofreligiousfaithifinaccordancewith Japan'sestablishedpolicy."

LittlehasbeenheardofRosenberg's religiouspolicyintheEasternterritories,butNazicontrolhasaroused anintensereligiousfeelingintheBalticStates,andtwicethepresentnumberofchurchesisneededforthecrowds seekingentrance.

Doyouwishtohelpeducateapriest forworkinWesternAustralia?Make aregularannualcontributiontohelp anindigentstudent.

withthoseoflargegroups.Smallbusinesseswillberequiredtoorganisein groupswithoutlosingtheiridentity.

Thereporteschewsany"unholyalliance"ofworkersandindustrialists againsttheinterestoftheconsumer, whowillbeprotectedagainstmonopolybypricecontrol.

Factorycentres,consistingofmost modernbuildingscompletewithheating,powersupplyandair-conditioning, areadvocatedtoprotectthehealthof theworkersandeliminate"competition bysub-standardunits."

Withindustrialreorganisationisconjoinedtherevivalofasoundandprosperousagriculture.

Stateinterferenceistobelimitedto occasionswhenindustryisnotbeing conductedinsuchawayastopromote thecommongoodratherthantheparticularinterestseitherofcapitalor labour.

Thelevelofprofitandtheconditionsofproductionrequiredtosecure themaximumefficiencyshouldbe agreedbythegeneralcouncilofindustryorbythecouncilofaparticular industrywiththeState.Excessprofitsshouldbecontrolledbytaxation orothermeans.

Thedominationoffinanceoverproductioninsistbeendedandmoneyre-

ducedtoitsproperfunctionasthe servantandnotthemasterofindustry.

Someformofdirectionisnecessaryto ensuretheadequateflowofcapitalto industry,asandwhererequiredto maintainefficientproduction,andto preventtheexportofcapitalneededby industryinthiscountry.

Thereportlinksindustrialreorganisationtothenatureofthepeacesettlement.

If,itsays,reconstructionistoproceedonthebasisofChristiansocial teaching,itisnecessarytoensurethat fulleffectisgiventotheprinciplesexpressedandimpliedintheAtlantic Charter.Freedomfromfearandfreedomfromwantmustbethegoal.That canonlybereachediftradeandindustryaredeliberatelyreorganisedon thebasisofthefreestpossibleexchangeofgoodsandservices.

Itconcludesbydeclaringthatdespoticeconomicdomination,whetherby nations,groupsorindividuals,must becontrolled,thateconomicnationalism,whichinthepasthasrestricted theworld'smarketsandislargelyresponsibleforthepresentwar,mustbe overcome,andthateconomicrecon-s structionmustbeconceivedonthewidestinternationalbasis.

GoldfieldsSection