The Record Newspaper 11 December 1941

THELADYCHAPEL,ST.MARY'SCATHEDRAL,PERTH

THELADYCHAPEL,ST.MARY'SCATHEDRAL,PERTH

FTHWHY EKOOKABURRA Laughs

Theywerebothverykeenonthe "DigforVictory"campaign,andalwaysreadthegardeningnotesinthe newspapers. "Listentothis!"heexclaimedsuddenly,"There'sanewinventionfor thegarden-ascarecrowthatwalks aboutandwavesitsarmsbymachinery," "Oh,John,wemusthaveoneof those!"criedwifey."Thenwe'llbe abletotellthedifferencebetweenthe scarecrowandthejobbinggardener withoutgoingtosee."

* *

"Mother,"saidasmallboyleftin chargeofhisyoungerbrother,"Iwish youwouldspeaktobaby.Ileissittingonthefly-paper,andthere'salot offlieswaitingtogeton."

* * * *

CohenwaschattingwithMcTavish,

"I'vejustlostapacketofnone),in adeal,"saidCohen;"thenIhadmy carstolen;andnowmywifehasgot measles.How'sthatforbadluck?"

"Whataboutme?"saidMcTavish. "YesterdayIboughtasuitwithtwo pairsoftrousers-andI'vejustburned aholeinthecoat!"

"Truth,"saidacouncillorata committeemeeting,"thestateofour roadsisadisgracetothecountry. Couldwenotatleastputourheads togetherandmakeawoodpavement?" * * * *

Lady(tochemist):"Haveyouany reliablecornsolvent,somethingyou canrecommendasarapidcure?"

Chemist:"Certainly,madam,here's anarticle.Onecustomerofminehas beenusingnothingelseforfourteen years."

"Oh,Idespairofdoctors.Heream I,aninvalidoftwentyyears'experience,andafterathoroughexaminationhefindsthere'snothingwhatever thematterwithme!"

Itissaidthatamanwhowon'ttake inapaperbecausehecanborrowone, hasinventedamachinewithwhichhe cancookhisdinnerbythesmokeofhis neighbour'schimney. * * * *

YoungAlecwaswatchingahouse painteratwork.Presentlyheasked: "flowmanycoatsofpaintdoyou giveadoor?"

"Two,myboy,"wasthereply.

"Thenifyougiveitthreecoat-,' saidtheladbrightly,"itwouldbean overcoat?"

"No,mylad,"retortedthepainter, grimly,"itwouldbeawastecoat'.

Ile:"MayIhavesomestationery?'

Clerk(haughtily):"Areyouaguest ofthishotel?"

He:"Goodness,no!I'mpayingtwo guineasaday."

Amanfromthecountrywasaccostedbyajuvenilebootpolisherwith theusualquestion,"Blackyourboots, sir?"

"No."

"Black'emforapenny?"

"No."

"I'lldo'emfornothing."

"Allright."

Theyounghopefulsetabouthis workwithgreatenergy,andsoonhad onebootinbright,shiningcondition. Then,turninguphisfacetotheman, hegravelyannounced,"Now,you'll havetogivemetuppencetodothe other."

* * *

"Wasyourpicnicasuccess?"

"Rather!Itrainedandwedidn't haveit."

* * *

"Ahealthyplace?Ishouldsayit was'healthy.Why,there'sonlybeen onedeathinthisplaceintenyears."

"Whowasitdied?"

"Thelocaldoctor,andhedied01 starvation."

* * *

Dave'scobberhadbeenkilledin actionsothefirstdayDavewason leavehewentintotheofficeofaleadingdailypaperandtoldthecounter clerkthathewishedtoinsertan"In Memoriam"noticeinmemoryofhis cobber.

"Howmuchdoyoucharge?"Dave asked,

"Fourshillingsaninch,"theclerk toldhim.

"Cripes,Icouldn'taffordthatmuch," Davereplied."Yerseemyoldcobberwassixfeet-fourinhissocks."

Enteringthenewlyopenedshop,the commercialtravellerexclaimedcheerfully:

"Good-morning,Mr.Smith!Ilow's trade?"

"Notsogood."

"I'msorrytohearit."

"Yes,"Mr.Smithwenton;"whena laddiecameintotheshopyesterday andaskedforanemptybox,myassistantgavehimthetill."

Inacountrychurchanabsent. mindedvergerwasshowingtwolate strangersintoapew,whenthepreacherannouncedhistext:"Paulweknow, andApolloweknow,butwhoare these?"

"JusttwocommercialsfromtheRed Lion,sir,"answeredtheverger.

* * * *

Itwastheoccasionoftheburialof aparticularlydifficultsergeantandthe Padreheldforththus:

"Herewearelayingtorestaperfectgentleman-amanwhowentto endlesstroubletohelphismen-aman whoneverspokeanangryword-one whowasallgentleness-thesoulof kindness-amanwhosewordwashis bond,onewho--"

ThiswastoomuchforBill,whoyelled:''Gripes,Padre,yermustbeburyin' thewrongbloke.Thatcan'tbeour sergeantatall!"

* * *

Customer:"Isthatvenison,Mister?"

Dealer:"Aye!"

Customer:"Isitdear?"

Dealer:"Ofcourseit'sdeer,didya thinkitwashoss?"

DERBY'S

MURRAYSTREET,PERTH.

Phones:B9731(threelines) B7777 B3588 B9101(twolines)

REGISTEREDW.A.T.A.

ALEXRODOREDA

TurfCommissionAgent 802HAYSTREET. AGENTFORW.A.CHARITIES. RingB5841andB5236.

KeoughsforCatering

Any

TheRaub

OracethecAreftbisliop!nubsaSpecial Ciristutasessagetotile?c{eatiaof "Zhieieeorb"

44

Ehavecometotheendofaseconddifficultyearof warandnowasweapproachtheChristmastide, welookforwardtothe.FeastofOurLord's Nativityastoahavenofpeaceandsecurityfrom thewar-rackedworld.Insuchcriticaltimes,when ourownnationaldestinyisobscure,theFeastof Christmasshouldservetoawakenaquickenedsense oftherealityofourChristianfaithandofresolveto renewinourownlivestheChristianwayoflife. ForOurLord,byHiscomingtoBethlehemin ourflesh,beganthatrenewalofmankindwhich wouldbeconsummatedontheCrossandwould beperpetuatedthroughtheMassandtheSacramentstothe endoftime.ThemannerofHisBirthandindeedofHiswholelife wasachallengeandacontradiction.notonlytothepaganworldofHis time,buttothespiritofworldlinessinallages.Andhenceitbehoves allChristians,asfaithfulfollowersoftheDivineChild,toshowforth intheirlivesthesame.uncompromisingchallengeoftheChristianlife againstthespiritofgreedandlustandcrueltywhichunhappilyyet markshumansociety.

WewouldtakethisopportunityofthankingourCatholicpeople fortheircontinuedsupportoftheCatholicpressduringthepastyear; ourCatholicsocietiesfortheirworkasvoluntarydistributors;our advertisersfortheirassistanceandallwho,inanyway,helpthecrusade ofCatholiclitetiture,theinfluenceofwhichcannotbeoverestimatedin thesetimes.

EcommendinparticularthethemeofthisChristmasnumber-"PeacethroughJustice"-because thishopeandthisprayeroccupiesthecentralplace inthethoughtsandutterancesofOurHolyFather, PopePiusXII.Itwouldindeedbefollytoawaittheendofhostilitiesbeforecommencingtoplanfor peace.Anditwouldbeanevengreaterfollyto thinkofpeaceotherthanasarightorderingof societyproceedingfromjusticeandtemperedby charity.Inthisgreatworkofre-construction, Catholicshaveauniqueparttoplayfortrueprin- ciplesofsocialreformformportionoftheirsplen- didCatholicheritage.Theseprinciples,foundedonbothreasonand Revelation,madetheChristendomofthepastandcanremakethe modernworldiftheyarediligentlyandprudentlyapplied.Andthe rightorderingoftheworldinatemporalsenseisverynecessarytothe

ApostolicworkoftheChurchforitisonlywherethereistranquillity andharmonyofheartsthattheHolySpiritofGodcanworkeffectively. Henceletthisbetheparamountthoughtandintentionofprayer duringthisHolySeasonofChristmasthattheDivineChildmayinspire theleadersandsubjectsofnationstoworkwithonemindandheartto restorethepeaceofChristinthereignofChrist.

DevotedlyyoursinChrist,

4104111D-tide4,144.,;;LeV Archbishop.

IfWeHadaFeastofChrist ACarpentertotheFinger-Tips

(BySTANLEY11.JAMES./

-"amemberofthelocalCarpenters'

Union."

"Ilegrewupinthehomeofavillage carpenterandwashimselfengagedfor anumberofyearsinthatoccupation. DayafterdayHetaxedIlisbody's strengthtohelpsupplytheneedsof thathumblehouseholdandofthelocal communityofwhichHeformedapart. Hiscallingdeterminedthecharacter ofHisassociates.Ifcraft-guildsexist- ed,ashasbeenaffirmed,thenitmay besurmisedthatIlewasamemberof thelocalCarpenters'GuildorUnion,InappearanceandmannerHebore tracesof ploughmanHisdailyoccupation.The doesnotwalklikeasailor, thesailordoesnotbehaveortalklike amerchantorlawyer.So,tothediscerningeye,Jesus'manualtoilhad stampeditselfonHisbearingandeven onHisveryfeatures.Itwasnotin anycasualwaythatHewasacarpen- ter.Hishandswerethoseofthe craftsman.Theobservanteyemould noticethatHedidnothandlewood asothermen,butwithacertainfamiliarity.Hewasacerpentertothefinger-tips.

"AndwhatistrueofHiscraftis trueofHisclass.HisplebianoriginwasnotobscuredbyHismajestic bearing;ratherdidthatbearing glorifythephysiognomyofthepoor. Asthesunshinebringsouttherug- gedgrandeurofthescarredmountain-sideonwhichitfalls,sodid Jesus'divinitylightupfromwithin thefaceandfigureofthisWorker, notchangingbutonlysublimating theirtypicalcharacteristics,Itwas amongthelowlythatHewasmost athome;theywere,inaspecialsense,Hispeople.Hewasoneofthemselves,notasapose,butbecauseHe

theWorker

was,quiteliterally,`tothemanner born.'

"Butthough`tothemannerborn,'it wasnotduetowhatwecalltheaccidentofbirththatJesuswasapoor manandamanualworker.Youand Iareconscriptsoflife.Withoutany choiceonourpart,wewereforcedinto

CATHOLICWORKERS, WHATABOUTTHIS?

InmanyEuropeancountries. beforefreedomhadbeentrampledundertheironheeloftotalitarianism,therewasspread. ingamovementtoorganisea petitiontoOurHolyFather PopePiusXIItoinstitutethe FeastofChristtheWorker.In 1923,FatherSchul,aSwiss priest,whovisitedPopePius XI,requestedhimtoinstitute thisfeast.TohimthePopereplied:"Yoursisagreatand beautifulidea.Sincethelabour questionisofsuchuniversalinterest,itbehovesustoprepare men'smindsforsuchafeast. Donotceasetoobtainadherentstothiscause,amongthe clergy,theworkers,andthe variousmovementsconnected withthemsothatafeastinhonourofJesustheWorkerwillimposeitselfintimeontheminds oftheFaithful."

Catholicworkers!Getadherentseverywheretothiscause. Surelythisisthefeastforwhich weallarewaiting!

-"Wewereforcedintotheranks... theVillageCarpenterwastheonly Volunteer."

theranksofmarchinghumanity.This villageCarpenterwastheonlyvolun- teertheworldhasknown.Itwasof HisownfreewillthatHejoinedour dust-stained,war-wornbattalions,and thesamefreedommarkedHischoiceof thehumblerankHeoccupied.Hadit beenotherwisewemightfindbutlittle significanceinthefactthatHewasa manuallabourer.Thosewhoreject thedogmaoftheIncarnationareat libertytomakelightofJesus'lowly stationinlife.Forthemitneednot beconsideredmorerelevanttoHismissionthantheplebianoriginofanastronomertohismathematicalcalculations.ButfortheorthodoxChristian thefactisofvitalsignificanceWe whobelievethattheSonofGoddeliberatelychosethisparticularentryto theworldmustagreeastotheimport. anceofitsbearingontheworkHe cametodo.Itsimplicationastothe classhavingstrongestclaimsonthe CatholicChurchcannotbemissed."

ThePresentationConvent.M,,,manPark,isaBoardingandDaySchoolforGirls.Itssuperbsiteaffordsmagnificentviewsof boththeIndianOceanononeside.andMosmanBay.abendoftheSwan,ontheother.

TheSchoolprovidesathoroughreligioustraining,andeducationinallthemodernbranchesofstudy. PupilsarepreparedforallExaminations,andallages.fromKindergartentoLeavingareadmitted.

SpecialfacilitiesareofferedfurSwimming.Singing.Music,theLanguages,PhysicalCulture.ArtofSpeech,ArtsandCommercialCourses,ScientificDressmaking,aswellasPlainandFancyNeedlework,areincludedintheCurriculum. DirecttransportarrangementsincludebothMosmanBay.BusesandParlourCoachestoentrancegates.

TELEPHONE:F2012.

ForParticularsapply MOTHERSUPERIOR. BEAUTIFULGARDENS;SHADYTREES;EIGHTACRESOFLAND.

TheTeacherTeaches.

SecularEducationDestroysAllAuthority D

)(sternisI--lost&toMorals(AnaReagion

StateMustRestoreTeachingof FullCodeofNaturalEthics

(Exclusiveto'TheRecord,"byREV.JOHNW,DOYLE,S.J.)

OURIDIAL

WEheretakeforgrantedtheimportanceofpublicmorality: theprimaryrightofparents tosupervisetheeducationoftheir children;thedutyoftheStatetoprovideforitscitizensdueeducational facilities,culturalandvocational;the rightoftheStatetodemandthata certainstandardofmoral,socialand intellectualeducationbeprovided.

Weareaccordinglyabletorejectat oncethetotalitariansystemswhich, regardingthefamilyasamerelyeconomicfactorinthecommunity,claim completeandAbsolutecontrolover everypersonaidsociety,andtoproposeasouridealasystemofprivate schoolsencouragedandaidedbythe State.

LimitsofStateIntervention.

ThegeneralprinciplegoverningState interventioninthelifeofthecitizens isthis:thattheStatemayandshould interferetoprotecttherightsofindividualsandofsocieties,andtoensurethattheexerciseoftheserights doesnotendangerthecommongood: andthatitmaynevertakeactionbeyondtheminimumrequiredtoremedyanevilortoavoidadanger.Ifa Stateforbidsprivatepersonstoform associations,itcontradictsthevery titleofitsownexistence;forittoo existsbyreasonofman'snaturalinclinationsliveinsociety.

Appliedtoeducation,thismeans thattheStatemayandshouldsuppressorforbidprivateschoolsonlyif theyfailtoprovidethatminimum moral,intellectualandcivictraining whichitjustlyrequiresforitsown protectionandfortheprosperityof itscitizens;oriftheyteachadoctrine disruptiveof"thepeace;"orifthey violatetherightsofparentsorchildren.More,sincethefamilycannot alwaysprovideunaidedthisnecessary education,theStatemayhavetosubsidiseprivateenterpriseandevento establishitsownschoolsystem.The ruleisthatnomajorpowertakeover afunctionthatcanbeadequatelyexercisedbyalesser.

Therestofthisarticlewillbeanexaminationofthe"neutralschool,"as itiscalled:thatis,of"secular"education.Theneutralschool,weshall argue,isofitsnaturesubversiveofauthority,andthereforeoftheStateitself;andbyimplantingafalseviewof lifeitissubversilkeofcivilisationitself.ItfollowsthattheStatehasa rightandadutytosuppresstheneutralschoolasathingagainstthecommongood, The"Type."

Theprinciplebehindthe"Ecoleunique"isthatallshallhavethesamein structioninsecularsubjects,thatthis instructionbegiveninStateschools, andthattherebeno"religious"teaching.Moralandreligiousteachingis lefttothefamilyandtheChurch; theschoolisquitenegative-amoral andareligious.Moralityandreligion justdonotenterintoschoollife.This isthetypeandmodelofall"neutral" schools,soletusexamineit.

Non-ReligiousorIrreligious?

Essentialtoeverysocietyisthefirm convictionthatwithoutauthorityand moralitytherecanbenojustice,no order,nopeace,noattainmentofthe commongood.Buttheneutralschool cutsawaytheveryfoundationsof thisnecessaryconviction.Forthe neutralschoolmastermustnotteach anythingthatwillconflictwiththe moralorreligiousviewsoftheparents. HemaynotteachaCatholicethic,becausesomeoftheparentsarenotCatholics;hemaynotteachevena Christianethic,becausesomeofthe parentsarenotChristians;hemay notteachapaganormaterialistethic, becausesomeoftheparentsarenot pagansormaterialists;hemaynot teachatheisticethic,becausesomeof theparentsareatheists;hemaynot teachhisownviews,becausesomeof theparentsdonotagreewithhis view;hemaynotteachanything

aboutmoralsorreligion,eitherdirectlyorindirectly.Evengrantedthe bestintentionsintheworld,couldsuch asystemwork?Cansuchanegative conceptionofeducationfailtobecome positivelyanti-moral,anti-religious,and anti-social?Cansuchuniformityproduceanythingbutdiscord?

TrainingforAnarchy.

First,wewillsupposetheteacher tohefaithfultotheneutralitylaws. Thenhecangiveonlyinformation;the curriculumislimitedtofacts,"hard facts"-factshardereventhanThomas Gradgrind's,though;fortheymustbe

atschool:infactthereisopposition, anditispracticallyimpossibleforhome andChurchtoovercometheanti-moral influenceoftheschool-especiallyin thesedayswhentheschoolhasusurpedtoitselfsomanythingsthatbelong tothefamilyandChurch.

Thesecondargumentofthesecularisttriestomeetourcriticismbyclaimingthateventheneutralschoolteaches acertaincommonstockofmorality,a "fundamentalmorality'"-respectfor authority,kindness,andconsiderationforothers,respectforanother's personandproperty.Andthisfundamentalmorality,heclaims,iswhat theStateisaimingat:itis"social order."Wereplythatthisfundamentalmoralityisreallyverysuperficial:itisnotmoralityatall,but onlymanners.Ithasnothingtosay aboutwhyweshoulddothings,but onlyhow:"Mannersmakethman.-

MUSTLEADTOI#

TheseeminginnocenceofthechildreninaStateSchoolobscuresthe factthattheSecularSystem factswithoutethicalorreligioussignificance,Sohistoryandliterature, bothofwhichareexcellentmeansfor conveyingmoralteaching,goout. Sinceitistheaimofthesystemto avoidanypositiveteachingonmorals orreligion,therecanbenoquestionof teachinganythinglikeapositivephilosophyoflife.Thepupilsareleft withahostofunrelatedfacts.Their mindsareinformed-andthatnarrowlyandcrookedly-butnoteducated,notaccustomedtoconsideranythingotherthanafewindisputable "facts."Schoollifeiscutoffcompletelyfromthemoralandcultural lifeofthepupils,andthatduring thoseveryyearswhenmoraltraining issoimportant:theintellectisstarved,andthewillisleftidletoatrophy. Thevariousdepartmentsoflifecome tobethoughtofaswater-tightand independent;thesenseofmoralityis lost;forthenotionofhierarchygoes, andwithitafundamentalofallgvernmentandauthority.Theideaof justicegoes,tobereplacedbythatof expediency:thisinturndevelopsinto thatofindividualautonomy;andso toLiberalism,laissez-faire,andadenialoftheauthorityoftheState. Anarchy,evenwithinthetemporal order,comesalmostfatallyfromthe teachingoftheneutralschool,which implantsinthepupilsaviewoflifehostiletomoralsandreligion.Meanttr supportandincreasetheauthorityof theState,theneutralschoolissubversiveofallauthority;itisagainst thecommongood.

TwoArguments.

Twoargumentsarebroughttomitigatetheseverityofthisjudgment. Neitherisvalid.

Thefirstargumentisthatthenecessaryethicaltrainingisprovidedinthe homeandintheChurch,Now,ifthe familyandChurchdoprovidethis necessarytraining,whynotleavethe familyandtheChurchlookafterthe hardfactstoo?Forthephilosophyof lifetaughtbyfamilyandChurchmust 1,Pappliedtointerpretthesefacts:it embracesthewholeoflife.TheState hassimplydividedaworkbetterleft undivided.Butthissupposesthat thereisnooppositionbetweenwhatis taughtinthehomeandwhatistaught

11theteacherhasaphilosophyof life,hewillcommunicatethatviewto hispupils,evenunwittingly:asMr. Bellocsayssomewhere,eventhe mathematicsmastermaybetrayhis sympathiesbytheexampleshe chooses.Example,especiallyinthe practicalaffairsofmorals,ismorepowerfulthanwords,Moreover,some substitutemustbefoundforthepositiveteachingthatmaynotbegiven: thesubstitutewilloftenbeapositive teachingthatshouldnotbegiven-the teachercanalwaysworkintohisprogrammehisownviewsonethicsand religionandpolitics,andifhebelieves themtobeimportant,willdoso.This theframersoftheoldFrenchlawfor example)sawclearlyenough.Catholics,theythought,cannotobjectthat thelawisunjust;foritdoesnotadvocateanythingagainsttheirprinciples.ButtheveryseparationofState andChurchandFamilywasagainst Catholicprinciples,sothatevenjudgedbyitsintentionthelawwasunjust: itwasintendedtoprovideaneducationsonegativethatnonecoulddiagreewithit-execeptonthesufficient groundthatitwasnegative.Theevil fruitsofthesystemspringfromthat separation,whichisreallyaviolent breakingupoftheunityoflife.The neutralschooldoesnotsolvetheproblemitpretendstosolve;itonly makestheproblemmoreurgent:the neutralschooldoesnotbringharmony, butonlyemphasisesthenaturaldifferenceitisintendedtocompose.

AnInfluenceforevil.

Nowthiscriticismappliestoevery sortofneutralschool:itapplies whether,asinthecaseofthe"Boole unique,"allareobligedtoattendState schools;orwhethertheStateschools arethereforthosewhocannotafford ordonotwishtoattendprivate schools;orwhethertheneutralschool isitselfaprivateschool.Themore widespreadtheneutralschoolsystem, thegreatertheharm,themorerapid thebreakdownofsociety.Similarly, thecriticismisvalidagainstprimary schools,secondaryschools,technical schools,anduniversities:thedifferencebeingthatthosewhohavehada goodearlytraining,thosewhorealise thatreligionandmoralsareofthe verygreatestimportanceinlifeand enterintoeverydepartmentoflife,

LawlessnessandAnarchy,becausetheNeutralSchoolsubvertsall Authority.

Andthesemannershavenofoundation:theyindicate"whatisdone";but donotpretendtojudgeorjustifywhat isdone.Indeed,thereisimplicitin theneutraldoctrinetheassertion thatmoralsdon'tmatter:"gentlemanly"sinsarequiteallright.Thatmannersareapowerfulandoftendespised supportformoralswereadilyadmit: butamoralitywithnootherfoundationthanmannershasonlytomeeta scepticanditcollapses.Without Godandhelltherecanbenomorality: buttheneutralschoolcannotteach Godorhell.

Meanttosupporttheauthorityof theState,theneutralschoolissubversiveofallauthority:theindictment stands.This,evenweretheteachers toobserveconscientiouslytherequirementsoftheneutralitylaws.Experienceshowsthatsuchobservanceis practicallyimpossible.

willbeinlessdangerthelaterthey comeintocontactwiththisneutrality. Thereforeweholdthattheneutral schoolisofitsnatureaninfluencefor evil,disruptiveoforder,and,there. fore,oftheStateitself.TheStateitfollows-hasarightandadutyto suppresstheneutralschool.

AThirdArgument,

Afinalobjectionagainstthisjudgmentisthatinfacttheneutralschool doesnotalwaysleadtothecollapseof moralsandofsociety;that,therefore, theneutralschoolcannotofitsnature bedisruptiveofsociety.TheexamplebroughtisusuallyourownAustralianStateSchoolsystem,whichis practicallyneutral. NowparticularcaresareinMorals noargumentagainstsolidlyestablish. edpositions;thefactorsinvolvedare socomplexthatitisoftenimpossible

(ContinuedNextPage.)

Christmas

tosaywithanycertaintywhataccountsforthe(apparent)exception. Thisparticularexception,though.on closerexamination,seemstoprovethe rule.Themajorityoftheteachersin ourStateschoolsaregoodChristians; theythereforeinterpretthingsinthe Christianway,andconveytotheir pupilstheirviewoflife:itisnotpossibleinpracticetoobservetheneutralitylaws.Butthereisalwaysthe dangerofteacherswithradicaland un-Christianideas:theytooconveyto theirpupilstheirviewoflife;and theirnumberisincreasing.Indeed,so

TheRecut)

greatistheirinfluencebecomingthat someinspectorshaverecommended teacherstodevelopexplicitlytheideas ofmoralitytraditionaltoChristianity andenshrinedinourliteratureand history,avoidingonlyquestionsofdifferencebetweenonedenominationand another:inotherwords,toteachthat positivespstemofmoralsthatmaybe builtupbynaturalreason,together withtheelementarytruthsofChristianity.Butthis,mereexpedient thoughitbe,deniesafundamental principleoftheneutralschool.Still, solongasthesystemstandsasitiswe

15.M0,0AMOVALMeArekM050,00..reegegyairagairee.MOWW0kMeregiee0,000,050kM0.MiNMOWAIM04

$

havenootherwayofcounteringthe apostlesofthenewmorality.Our answertothislastobjection,then,is simplythatthe

Rote)6splailacle PERTH WA

INPERTHIT'S THE ESPLANADE

RedistributionofPropertyinLandEssential

CountrysidesofAustraliainHandsofMonopoly

RevisionofTariff,Taxand LandTenureSystemsUrgent (For"TheRecord,"byJOHN

THEREaretwosocialfactsin Australiathatjustifydrasticsocialreconstruction.Oneisthe herdingofpopulationintourbanareas, theotherthedecliningbirth-rate.The majorityofAustraliansnowliveinthe sixcapitalcitiesandthelargeprovincialurbanareas,whileanumerically smallnumberareactuallyengagedin thepastoral,agricultural,forestryand otherpurelyruralindustries.The

Australianbirth-ratewas27.16per1,000

populationin1901,andhaddroppedto 17.46in1938.Itisconsideredthata birth-rateof21perthousandisnecessarytomaintainexistingnumbers,so Australiais,forthetimebeing,adying nation.

SpiritualandEconomicCausesof Decay.

Thedeclineofspiritualandreligious beliefispartiallyresponsibleforthis combinationofruraldepopulationand fallingbirth-rate,buttheeconomic conditionsdevelopedundertheLiberalisticregimeisalsoapowerfulfactor.

Allsectionsofthecommunitytend tobeinfectedwiththeLiberalspirit, andeverywhere-thepurposeoflifehas beenmoreandmoredirectedtothe easymoneytobemadeinsecondary industries,trade,andgovernmentjobs. Lifeonthesoilhasbeenmadeharder byeconomicadjustmentsandlegislationthatfavouredurbaninterestsand voters;thepress,culturalactivities, andtheschoolshavehelpedtobias youngAustraliansagainstthelifeon theland, EvilsofTariffSystem. Neverthelessexistingconditionsare notinevitable,orunalterable.

Legislatorscanremedysomemistakesofthepast.Onehasbeenthe policyof"protecting"secondaryindustriesbytariffs,thusdivertingcapitalandlabourinto"protected"industries,andenablingtheindustrialiststo chargeanAustralianahigherpricefor theirproducts.Importandexport tradecanbetterberegulatedby licencethanbyCustomsduties,and barteragreementsaremorefriendly thanhostiletariffs.Thehumanrace isonefamily,anditisamistaketo createaspiritofhostilitytowards othercountriesasapreludetoshuttingofftheirtradebyhostiletariffs. AustralianprimaryindustrieswillexpandifwetradewiththeDutchEast Indies,BritishIndia,China,Japan, etc.,whocanabsorbourproducts,but wemustbewillingtoexchangecommoditiesifwewouldextendaccessto thatvastpotentialmarket.

TaxationandMethodofLand Tenure.

Ourlegislatorshavenotyetfound aformulaforraisingnecessaryrevenue

JEFFERS)

withouttaxingtheproductsandprocessofindustry.Thetendencyhas beentofollowBritishprecedents,unmindfulofthefactthatthehamperingofBritishrurallifebytaxation wasnotthecatastrophethatthesacrificeofourrurallifeandindustrieshas been. Indevelopingaprincipleofproperty andamethodoflandtenurewehave againbeeninfluencedbyorthodox

UniversalDeclineandDecay. TravelAustralia,lookattheactual conditions,andonewillthenrealise thattheneedfordrasticactionisimperative.RuralAustraliaisdying. WesternAustraliahasitsabandoned farmsanddecliningpastoralindustry. VictoriaandNewSouthWaleshave abandonedfarms,dyingcountrytowns, andarisingtideofnoxiousweedsand pests.InQueenslandthepastoral districtsareslumpingandthefamous DarlingDowns,oneoftherichestbelts ofagriculturallandintheworld,is creditedwithasmallerruralpopulationthanithadthirtyyearsago.Tasmaniahaseveryadvantage,butlacks men,andSouthAustralia,whichwas onceanurseryforprogressivefarmers, hasjoinedtheprocessiontodecadence, ThiswasthepositionbeforeSeptember,1939,andwarconditionsareonly accentuatingthedeclineofrurallife. Australianyouthhadlongagogiven upthefightagainstland-monopolyand wasfleeingtothecities,toawagesjob foralifeandamatch-boxcubiclefor ahome.Theresultisthattheurban areasnowhaveproblemsandmuddles forwhichthereisnosolutionbuta migrationofpopulationbacktothe countryside.

UrbanLifeHandicapsFaith.

InallthistheCatholiclaymanhas avestedinterest.Fortheurbanareas nowpresentafieldinwhichhisreligiousprinciplesandphilosophyoflite

aresufferinghandicaps,set-backs,and defeat.Heisforcedtowitnessa witheringupofbeliefinthesuper- natural,agrowingspiritoftoleration toafranklypaganstandardofmorality.Alreadysomearepreparedto saythattheabandonmentofurban lifeistherationalpolicyfortheChris_ tianandthatitistimetoshakethe dustofthecitiesoffone'sfootwearand depart.

Appliedhumanintelligencecan overcometheobstaclesthatto-day standinthewayofamigrationtoa stablerurallife.Tarifftsm,taxation andlandtenurecanallbeadjustedto meetcurrentrealitiesandneeds.The policyof industriesconcentratingmostsecondary inthemetropolitanareas canbereversed.Thebiasagainst rurallifecanbeexorcised.Thereis nothinginevitableorunalterableabout oureconomicconditions,butittakes applicationandenthusiasmtoget changesmade.

ReturntoLandImperative.

Alargescalesettlementoffamilies onthesoilunderconditionsthatwill providealivingwithoutslaveryisan objectivefeasibleandpractical,In thatpolicyishope.AndAustraliais stillalandofhope,stillacountryof vastpotentialresourcesinwhichthere isroom,andwork,andafulllife,fora vastlylargerpopulationthanishere now.Theexistinglop-sideddevelopmentisapassingphaseandweare reasonableinplanningforafuturein whichourfertilecountrysidewillflourishundertheindustryofthosewhose labourwillberewardedwithastable lifeandarationalstandardofliving.

TOWNor

BritishLiberalswhoregardedlandas apawninmoney-makingactivities, whereasitshouldbepreservedasa socialasset,thepeople'sheritage,on whichhomesarebuilt,menlabour andchildrenareablessing.

HeritageofthePeople.

Thelandisthebasisofnationallife, thereservoirofhumanity,thenatural settingforhumanbeingsattheirbest. Somehowwemustgethacktotheactualisationoftheprinciplethatthe landistheheritageofthepeople,and thatitsdistributionamongindividuals mustrecognisethatallthepeople haverightofpropertyinland-not merely15percent.,orthereabouts,as hasbeenthecaseinAustralia,Redistributionofpropertyinlandisessentialifwearetoemergefromthe presenteconomicchais.Theowner classmustfacetherealitiesinaspirit ofcompromise,elsetheyarelikelyto disappearoutofthepicturealtogether. Theycannotholdontotheirexisting privilegesmuchlonger,fortheyhave fewfriendsandtheirveryprivilege, thatofholdingidleandpartiallyidle largeareasofland,isceasingtobean economicprivilege.

ThreeCoursesAgainstMonopoly.

Failingapropositionfromthelandmonopolists,therearethreewaysof dealingwiththem:(I)Taxlandvalues 20s.inthei;(2),confiscate,or(3), resumeandpayoutgoerswithGovernmentbonds.

Theessentialistoliberatelandfrom theparalysinghandofmonopoly,to endtheconditionsunderwhichland isapawninthehandsoftheinvestor andgambler,torestorelandtothose whomusthaveitasasettingforlite andlabour.

OurlandowningsystemhasinvalidatedtheexerciseoftherightofownershipformostAustralians,whichis thebasicreasonwhywemustdeal withlandownershipanddistribution inordertorestoreasanebalancebetweenthewidowedcountrysideand theovercrowdedurbanareas.

COUNTRY

PEACEISTHEWORKOFJUSTICE

"PEACETHROUGHJUSTICE"

"Thepeoplethatwalkedindarkness haveseenagreatlight:foraChildis borntous:andHisnameshallbecalledWonderful,GodtheMighty,the PrinceofPeace."-Isaiasix,2,6. Wellnightwothousandyearsagothere came UntothisearthaChild,thePrinceof Peace. Theworldhadroomforeveryone'but HimItcloseditsdoorsonChristasyetunborn. ButangelssangHispraise,andmortal ears

HeardmelodyofHeavenburstingforth With"Peaceonearthtomenofrigs,. goodwill"; Andshepherds'heartscaughtupthe echo,"Peace"Theylongedforpeace,andintheir wistfuleyes Hopeshone.Menthrilledwithjoyat blessedpeace. Butpeacedidnotremain-theChosen Race

RejectedChrist.ThroughoutHisdays Helived AFriendamongstthem,butthey turnedtheirbacks

UponHim;andonCalvaryHedied, AVictimofinjustice,ontheCross.

To-daytheworldstillturnsitsbackon Christ; Histeachingisdespised,andthose whokeep Hislaws,andstrivetoserveHimloyally, Arelaughedatbytheworldasfools. (Hewas HimselfatHerod'scourtmockedasa fool.)

And,asaconsequence,itknowsno peace; Theearthisdarkenedwiththecloud ofwar; Injusticehereholdssway,andinits train

Aghastlyvulturepreysonlivingmen. Weprayforpeace-butpeacewill nevercome UntilweheedthevoiceofChrist,and see Inallmankindthepreciousmembersof TheBodyofWhichHeHimselfis Head;

Untilweactinjusticetoallmen; UntilwelearnthatJusticemaketh peace. -J.B.D.

TheHatoRealitiesoftileCribUnoerlie theSocialQuestion

PovertyisTolerableSharedWiththeWaifofBethlehem

OXANDDONKEY'SCAROL

TheChristchildlayintheox'sstall, Thestarsshonegreatandthestars shonesmall, Butonebrightstaroutshonethemall.

Thecattlestoodinthecleanlystraw Andstrangetothemwasthesightthey saw. Theoxandthedonkeywatchedwith awe.

Theshepherdsranfromtheuplands wide, Thesheepbellstinkled,theangelscried Joytothedreamingcountryside.

Thethreekingsbowedatthestable door, Theirraimenttrailedonthedusty floor.

Theysawthesighttheyhadjourneyed for.

Thekingscamelastinalordlythrong. Theshepherdsraninthespaceofa song, Butthebeastshadbeenthereallnight long. NoelNoelNoel.. -SisterMarieStella.

BETHLEHEMTOWN

AsIwasgoingtoBethlehem-town, UpontheearthIcastmedown

Allunderneathalittletree Thatwhisperedinthiswisetome: Oh,IshallstandonCalvary AndbearwhatIgurthensavethThee!

AsupIfaredtoBethlehem-town, Imetashepherdcomingdown, Andthushequoth:"Awondroussight Hathspreadbeforemineeyesthis nightAnangelhostmostfairtosee, Thatsangfullsweetlyofatree ThatshallupliftonCalvary Whatburthensavethyouandme!"

AndasIgottoBethlehem-town, Lo!wisemencamethatboreacrown. 'Isthere,"criedI,"inBethlehem AKingshallwearthisdiadem?" ''Goodsooth,"theyquoth,"anditis He Thatshallbeliftedonthetree AndfreelyshedonCalvary Whatbloodredeemethusandthee!"

UntoaChildinBethlehem-town

Thewisemencameandbroughtthe crown: Andwhiletheinfantsmilingslept, Upontheirkneestheyfellandwept; But,withherBabeuponherknee, NaughtreekedthatMotherofthetree ThatshouldupliftonCalvary Whatburthensavethallandme.

AgainIwalkinBethlehem-town AndthinkofHimthatwearsthecrown. ImaynotkissHisfeetagain, NorworshipHimasIdidthen: MyKingbathdieduponthetree AndbathoutpouredonCalvary Whatbloodredeemethyouandme! -EugeneField.

THESTABLESHED

Allstableshedsaredeartome, ForonehousedChristininfancy.

ItgavetoHim,uponHisbirth, Ahomerefusedbyalltheearth.

ItsdingywallsenshrinedHimthere, WhileMary,Josephbentinprayer.

Withbeastsofburden,bowing,too, Humblestofallearth'sretinue.

Whotooktheplacewheremenshould be, Toofferheart'sfidelity.

Ah!stableshedsaredeartome, ForonehousedLoveininfancy. -CharlesJ.Quirk,S.J.

.7teiaTIAWItaV.VerfaderiateMAWAYMC f)

oroveo.''Nomv

NOTACABININTHEGLEN

Nutacabinintheglenshutsitsdoor to-night, Lestthetravellersabroadknockin vainandpass; Justahumblegentlemanandalady bright, Andshetoberidingonanass.

Griefisonhergoodmanthattheinns deny SheltertohisdearestDearinher hourofneed; ThatherBabeofroyalbirth,starriest, mosthigh, HasnotwheretolayHishead.

Musttheyturninsadnesstothecattle byre, Andthekindbeastsonceagainshake thebedforHim?

Notacabinintheglenbutheapswood onthefire, Andkeepsitslampa-trim.

Nowthewomanmakesthebed, smoothesthelinensheet, Spreadstheblanketsoftandwhite, thatherownhandsspun.

Whisht!Isthattheassthatcomes onhisfourlittlefeet, CarryingtheHolyOne?

Nay,'twasbutthewindandrain,the sandonthefloor; Abitternight,yea,cruelforfolk tobeabroad.

Andshe,notfitforhardship,outside afast-closeddoor, AndherSontheSonofGod!

Isitthemoonthat'sturningthedark worldtobright? Isitsomewonderfuldawninginthe nightandcold?

Whisht!DidyouseeaShiningOne, andHimtobecladinlight, AndthewingsandheadofHim gold?

Notacabinintheglenshutsthedoor tillday, Lesttheheavenlytravellerscome, knockagaininvain; Allnightthedulcimers,flutes,and hautboysplay, Andtheangelswalkwithmen. -KatharineTynan.

COMMONPLACE

Stepsoftly,undersnoworrain, Tofindtheplacewheremencan pray; Thewayisallsoveryplain, Thatwemaylosetheway.

Gohumbly ithashailedandsnowWithvoiceslowandlanternslit; Soverysimpleistheroad

Thatwemaystrayfromit.

TheChildthatwasereworldsbegun ( Weneedbutwalkalittleway, Weneedbutseealatchundone .)

TheChildthatplayedwithmoonand sun Isplayingwithalittlehay.

Thehousefromwhichtheheavensare fed, Theoldstrangehousethatisourown.

Wheretricksofwordsareneversaid, AndMercyisasplainasbread, AndHonourisashardasstone.

Gohumbly,humblearetheskies, Andlowandlargeandfiercethe Star;

SoveryneartheMangerlies

Thatwemaytravelfar.

Hark!Laughterlikealionwakes

Toroartotheresoundingplain, Andthewholeheavenshoutsand shakes,

ForGodHimselfisbornagain, Andwearelittlechildrenwalking

Throughthesnowandrain. -G.K.Chesterton.

ATTHEMANGER

WhenfirstherChristmaswatchto keep, CamedownthesilentAngel,Sleep, Withsnowysandalsshod.

BeholdingwhatHismother'shands

Hadwrought,withsoftedswaddling bands SheswathedtheSonofGod.

Then,skilledinmysteriesofNight

Withtendervisionsofdelight Shewreathedhisresting-place, Till,wakenedbyawarmerglow Thanheavenitselfhadyettoshow HesawHismother'sface. -JohnB.Tabb.

CHRISTMASSONG

Andstill-thoughmaybenotonetenth thetown BelieveswhatboonthisBirthday broughtusdown, WegoonkeepingChristmasjustthe same, Withtinseltricks,pretencesanda name.

Whateverelseonecouldorcouldnot say (AndwhobutGodcoulddealussuch aday?), Theremusthavecometonotice,less ormore, Thatblindsaredrawninthedepartmentstore.

Andstill,andstill themarvel MotherMaiden IsofherinfantLadandLordunladen: Emmanuel,grownlittleforourlove, Entersourworldtomakeafriend thereof.

Andstill abovetheCavethestars arebright, Somesimpleshepherdsrunwithall theirmight, AndkingsandcamelsfromtheOrient come Andangelssingwhileallthebeastsare dumb. -FatherLeonardFeeney.

SONGOFLITTLE

Alittlegirl,alitleshed, town,acattlestall, Alittlestraw,alittlebed, AlittleChild-thatisall Thatcanbesaid

AbouttheLittleLight,theFlame Thatintothedarkworldcame. Soifyou'relittle,ifyou'resmall, Ifnobodycaresforyouatall, If,throughthedarknessinandout, You,lonelyladen,goabout, Yourheartisready,yourheartisright AndlittleenoughfortheLittleLight OfChristmasnightAndlittleenoughfortheLittleLight Thatintothesadworldcame.

-Thomas

Butler.

THETHREEKINGS

Eachmanhisgiftmustbringtolay before

TheHolyChild,b"rforusmenaMan, EachgivesthegiltGodgavetohim: hecan Givenothingless:themonarchfrom hisstore Bringsgold,half-doubtful,tothathumbledoor: TheLevitewithhisincensescarcecan span

Thedistanceinhishaste:themerchant ran Withmyrrh,thebest,tolayuponthat floor.

Theartistbringshisfairestpainting there, Thetroubadourhissong:andhis brightsword

THEENDURINGOFCHRISTMAS

WhileIgodowntochangeful.days

Throughthelongalmanac, Toonetimeandoneplace Ilovetowanderback.

Forsurelywheneachpoorshepherd

Wenttohisfoldapart, TheTidingslingeredinhisears AndtheChrist-thoughtinhisheart.

Soelsewherethoughmyfeetmaygo Ilovethestablebare, WarmwithGod'slove,theshuddering soul

Mightdwellforeverthere.

Andwhenwithinthechancelglows

Apointofrubyflame, Iknowitfortheself-samestar ThatleadstoBethlehem.

Ahwhocantellthecountlessways

OfChrist'sre-birthformen?

Thoughwebefoolstenthousandtimes

Hecomestosaveagain.-FatherO'Connor,SSC.

Thesoldier:andthehusbandmanhis grain: WhilstI,withhopeofitsacceptance bear

Someversesfrommypentogreetand laud TheWordmadeFlesh,comeupon earthagain.

-RosamondRadford.

O

./I

654.

and

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9/6 (PostageExtra.)

KeyofHeaven

EditedandWhollyProducedin Australia.

Size21inchesby3inches,approximately5-8th.inchthick.Containing 381PagesandincludesEpistlesand Gospels.

Availablenowinthefollowingbind- ings:No.

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Whentheearly fervouroftheReformationhaddied downitwasplain, todiscerningeyes, thatithadbrought initstrainmany thingswhichthe Reformersthemselveshadnotpnned.

Luther,andstill more,Calvin,in theirendeavourto rootouttheCatholictradition,which hadprevailedin Europeforsomany centuries,formulatednewdoctrines toreplacethoseof theOldFaith. Whattheconsesequencesofthese doctrineswouldbe whenresolvedto practicetheycould not,orperhaps didnotattempt, torealise.

Thechaosinto whichunlimited privatejudgment ledthosewho abandonedtheCatholicFaithisapparent.Stillmore tragicandmore generalto-dayare theresultsofthe doctrine,especially emphasisedbyCalvin,thatofPredestination.

Thistenetofthe newreligion,by layingstresson thejusticeofAlmightyGod,and placingHislove andHisinfinite mercyinthebackground,tookthe joyoutofworlq andmadeofit somethingalmost evil. Itdidthisbymakingworkappear aburdenwhich crushedandhumiliatedthosewho couldnotescape.

Perhapsmanyof youwhowillread thisarticlewillfind yourselvesdoubtingwhetherthere couldeverbe aworkmanwho foundrealjoyin work.Inreply,I saythattherehave beensuchmen, andwithareturn tojusticeineconomiclifetherewill beagain.

Thepre-Reformationchurchesand cathedralswhich dotEuropecould onlyhavebeen builtbyworkers wholovedtheir workandfound realjoyinit.If theyhadmerelyendureditasanecessaryeviltheywouldhavebeenfalseto themselvesandtotheiridealsinexpendingsuchtimeandenergyinelaboratelydecoratingeverynookand cranny:eventhosewhichtheyknew wouldneverbeseen.Aspiritofjoy inworkinspiredthemtodothis.

(For"TheRecord"byB.R..idderley)

Itisthisspiritwhichwemustattempttorecaptureand,havingdone so,makeitanessentialpartofour ownlives:butfirstwemustaskwhy weshould,andhowwecando this. Thefirstquestionmightbebetter askedinadifferentway.Arethere

validreasonsforbelievingthatwork isgood?Inansweringthisitisnecessarytobeginatthebeginning. Wehavebeenspeakingabout work:whatexactlydowemeanby thatword?Thesenseinwhichwe haveuseditisfittedbythefollowingdefinition:Work is the

exertionofenergy, physicalormental, inthoseoccupationsbywhichwe obtainfood,clothingandshelter,the necessitiesoflie. Itiscleartherefore thatworkisagood thingfortheverygoodreasonthat thatwhichenables ustolivemustbe good.

Again,Godhas madetheworld, andinHisplanof creationHehas mademansuch thatlabour,thatis tosay,workis necessaryforlife. Itisinconceivable thatGodwould havemadenecessary whichsomething, initselfwas bad.Itisobviousfromwhathas justbeensaidthat itisnotactualphysicallabourwhich isbad,althoughit itisoftenmadeso bytheunjustand pagansocialsystemwhichpre- vailsto-day.

Nowfortheques-tionofhowwe canapplythis,the Christianviewpoint onwork,toour ownlives.Canon Cardijn,thefounderandleaderof theYoungChristian Workers Movement,answers thisbyaskingus toalwaysbearin mindthat"withoutlabourthereis nowine,noHost, noaltar,noMass. Inthissense,' hecontinues,"the worker'slifeisa prayerandasacrifice;dailyMass extendedthroughouthisworking day,sothathis lifeisarealvocationandapostolate.Hebecomes amissionaryand catechistbyandin hislabouringlife, Work is not apunishment,a curse,orenslavement,butthecooperationofthe labourerwithhis Creatorandhis Redeemer. This ideashowseven themosthumble andmenialwork inanewlight whenceittakeson anentirelynew value."

Inconclusion,I wouldurgeyoutorememberandattempttoappreciatethetremendousfactthatChristHimselfwasa worker,afactwhichforeverhassanctifiedandenobledwork,raisingitto suchalevelthatwemayspeakofthe "mysticismoflabour"withoutfearof exaggeration.

She'll

neverbe

than sheistoday.Keep thatsweetnessforthe yearstocome.

anew

made now. RingB8833 fortheappointment.

WestralianSoldieroeseribesthePlaceof

Christ'sBirth

WhatTheStableofTheNativityWasLike CustomsofBethlehemTo-day

(Specialto"TheRecord"bySTAFF

SERGEANTF.M.COLDOPY, &Ilk,Abroad.)

4

InBiblicaltimesBethlehemwasa well-knowncity,notedforitsfruitfulness,andthecultivationofitsfieldsof wheatandbarley.Theverynameitselfdenotesthis,asitsHebrewequivalentis"TheHouseofBread."David claimedthiscityashisbirthplace,and arounditiswoventhestoryofhisearly lifeasashepherd-boy.Eveninthe MiddleAges,Bethlehemwasaprosperouscity,numberingamongstitsinhabitants,wearetold,twodyers.As thecraftofthedyerinthosedayswas animportantsoluteofrevenuetoPal estine,itcould,thusbeadjudgeda largetown. Situatedonaneminenceoverlooking theShepherds'Fields,Bethlehemis oneofthemostauthenticspotsinthe HolyLand,veneratedbyMoslemas wellasChristianfolk,astheformerregardOurLordasagreatprophet. InnandStable.

DominatingthesceneistheChurch oftheNativity,alargecitadel-like buildingconstructedoverthebirthplace.Thebeholderfindsitdifficult toenvisagetheInnandtheStable untilsomekindsoulhasenlightened himastotheexistenceoftheremains ofalikeinnevento-dayinDavid Street,intheheartoftheOldCityof Jerusalem.Tovisualisethescene,it isnecessarytodisabusethemindof theideaoftheinnto-day,orevenof yesterday,astheinnoftheYear1A.D. wasnothingmorethanacaravanserai thatisahaltingplacefortravellerscomprisingafour-squarebuildingenclosingaquadrangleopentothesky. Smallcubiclesflankedeachside,and openedontothissquare.Nocharge wasleviedforadmission,andtheappearanceofharnesssuspendedfrom thepegoutsidethesewassufficientevidencethatitwasoccupiedforthe night.Theanimalsweredriventhrough thegateway,andrelievedoftheirload, thelatterbeingdepositedwithinthe cubicle.Fifeswerelit,andmealspre. paredbythecaravanners,safeinthe knowledgethattheywerefreefrom maraudersandbeastsofprey-bothof whichabounded.

WhenMaryandJosephfoundthat therewasnoroomattheInn,they wereobligedtoaccepttheinnkeeper's offerofaportionofthenearbycave whichaccommodatedhisdomesticanimals.Evento-drmanystablesare nothingmorethancaves,sheltering cows,donkeys,andgoats.

1,600YearsOld, Overthiscave,then,theEmperor ConstantineerectedagreatBasilica, earlyinthefourthcentury.During theensuingyears,manyalterations weremade,andaboutninehundred yearsafteritsconstruction,aByzantine Emperorrestoreditverythoroughly. Thisreconstructionwasactuallythe meansofsavingthechurchfromdestructionwhenthePersiansoccupied thecountry.Sosimilarwerethedrapingsofthefiguresonthewallstothe modeofdressadoptedbytheseconquerorsthattheEmperor,whilepermitting,andevenencouragingthedestructionofotherchurches,orderedit tobeleftuntouched,becauseheconsideredthatthereligiousritescelebratedthereinmustbeverylikehis ownpeoples'.Thusitistheonly churchintheHolyLandwhichhas neverbeenrazedtotheground. DividedControl.

AswiththeChurchoftheHoly Sepulchre,severalcommunities,Latin, Greek,andArmenian,havecontrolof differentSections.Thisdividedcontrolisdefinitelyharmfultoboth shrines,asittendstofosterageneral lackofresponsibilitywhichisreflectedonallsides.

Fromalargeflaggedsquare,entrance tothemainbuildingisthroughalow narrowopening.Somesaythatthe originaldoorwaywaspracticallybuilt upthroughfearofassaultinbygone days,andothersthatthetinyopening wasdesignedtopreventstrayinganimalsfromenteringanddefilingthe

shrine.Bethereasonwhatitmay, thefactremainsthatitisnecessaryto bendverylowtoenterinsinglefile.

SavingMosaics.

Aboutahundredfeetlong,byabout eightywide,themainportionistraversedbyfourrowsofmonolithcolumnsofareddishlimestone,erectedby theByzantineEmperor.Eachisover twentyfeetinheight,standingona squarebase,andsurmountedbyafine capital.Abovethesecolumnsarethe

TheChristmasBellofBethlehem, whosechimesareheardduringthe MidnightBroadcasteachyear.

remainsofveryfinemosaicsand murals-thesewerethefigureswhose drapingssavedthechurchfromdestructionatthehandsofthePersians. Suspendedfromtheceilingisarowof festivelanternswhichareablazewith lightduringChristmas-tide.Thelofty woodenroofwasoncecoveredbysheet lead,buttheTurksfoundanotheruse forthelead,intheformofbullets.A fewyearsago,duringrepairs,aportionofamosaicfloorwasunearthedby accident,so,gradually,thewholeof thefloorisbeinguncovered.Atpresenttheportionsorevealedisprotectedbywoodencoveringswhichare removedatthepilgrim'srequest.

CaveoftheNativity.

Attheendofthechurch,thevisitor descendsafewstonestairstothe CaveoftheNativity.Bythelightof

acandlewhicheveryonecarries,asilver star-theStarofBethlehem-marks thetraditionalspotwhereOurLord firstsawthelightofdayasasimple Babe.Encirclingthisstarisaninscription:HicdeVirgineMariaJesus ChristusNatusEst."

Aboveitaresuspendedfifteenvotive lamps-sixbelongingtotheGreek Church,fivetotheArmenian,andfour totheLatin.Justtotherightofthis holyspotistheChapeloftheAdorationoftheMagi.ThisaltariscontrolledbytheLatins,andthere,just afterChristmaslastyear,IwasprivilegedtoserveaMass Inordertodiscouragepilgrimsfrom fallingintotheunderstandableerrors oftheirpredecessorsandchippingoff aportionoftherockywallsasamem entooftheirvisit,heavydrapingscover thewallsandfloorofthecave. BellsofBethlehem.

Onceoutsideagain,attentionisimmediatelydrawntothetwobelltowers whichsurmounttheChurch-one,the largerofthetwo-supportstheChristmasbellwhosechimesareheardduring theMidnightBroadcasteachyear.The smallertowerisofveryrecentconstruction,andisthepropertyofthe GreekChurch.Undoubtedlyagewill mellowit,butatpresentitlooksin. congruouslynewandfrail. SouvenirTrade.

Clusteredaroundthechurcharein. unmerablesouvenirshops,whichdoa brisktradeinsuchlocalgoodsas mother-o'-pearlarticles,andBethlehem embroidery.Theskillwithwhich countlessobjectsarefashionedfrom mother-o'-pearlisremarkable.Most

sucharticleshaveasthecentralmotif theStarofBethlehem,whichisgenerallyverycleverlyembossedorfretted. Whiterosariesaresoldintheirthousandseveryyear. Esnbroidery.

Bethlehemembroideryisremarkably intricate,andtheresultofinfinitepatienceonthepartoftheartist.Atrue womanoftheCityofDavidembroiders thewholeofthefrontofherbodice, whichisusuallyofcustomaryblack. Brilliantcoloursasaruleareemployed,and,ifthebasicmaterialofthe garmentisofgoodquality,theweddinggown,inparticular,becomesas muchanheirloomastheBridalCapof theYemenites.Damascussilkisthe bestthatcanbeprocuredinthiscountry,butmuchofthematerialemployed ongarmentsforsaleisofacheaperintportedvariety,andsoisquiteunworthyofthelabourandpatienceexpend. edontheembroidery, TraditionalDress.

Inmosteasterncountries,thereexist veryrigiddifferencesinthedressof themarriedandtheunmarriedwomen. Toonewellversedinthecultureof suchacountry,thesedifferencesare veryapparent,buttheuninitiatedis liabletooverlookthemthroughvery ignorance.InBethlehem,thistakes theformoftheheaddress.Married womenwearundertheirwhiteshawl theirbridalcap-atruncatedcone,to whichareattachedpreciousstonesand metalsforthewealthy,andsilvercoins forthenotsowealthy.ManyofBethlehem'swomenfolkareadoptingWesterngarments,butthemajoritystill clingjealouslytotheirnationalcostume. Whennextyoulisten-intotheChristmasbroadcast,picturetoyourselfthese womenwendingtheirwaythroughthe bittercoldtothesceneofthefirst Christmas,butwarmedbythefireof faiththatburnswithintheirhearts.

TwoViewsofNews

GladTidingsThatAreNever Re-Announced

LAUGHTERHELPSTOAVOIDBITTERNESSINSEEKINGJUSTICE

Ecclesiastica FROMPOPO'

WittiCiSMS TOPAWNS

ROME,December31,B.C.-A.D.

Duringonenightlastweek,shepherdsnearBethleheminPalestinedeclaredabrilliantfigureappearedintheheavensandsaidtothem:"Fear not;for,behold,Ibringyougoodtidingsofgreatjoy,thatshallbetoall thepeople;For;ThisdayisborntoyouaSaviour,whoisChristthe Lord,inthecityofDavid.Andthisshallbeasignuntoyou:Youshall findtheinfantwrappedinswaddlingclothesandlaidinamanger."Fol. lowingthis,theshepherdsreportedmanyglitteringcreaturesappearedin theskies,singing:"GlorytoGodinthehighest;andonearthpeaceto menofgoodwill." Theshepherdssaidtheylaterfoundacavecontaining achildwrappedinswaddlingclothesandlyinginamanger. Ayoung woman,namedMary,andherhusband,namedJoseph,stoodbythemanger.Thenameoftheinfant,theshepherdsdeclared,isJesusChrist.

Mr,ShaneLesliemusthavethe finestcollectionofwittysayings,bon motsandneatstoriesofanywriterin English.Irecalledsomeofthem latelywhenafriendloanedmeabook ofanecdotesconnectedwithclerical life.

TherewasanAnglicanBishopof GibraltarwhousedtodressasaCatholicprelate,andthedioceseofthis Bishopwas"SouthernEurope."Once hevisitedthePope."Ibelieve,"said Peter'ssuccessor,"IbelieveIamin yourlordship'sdiocese."

ThesamePopewasaskedbyanother Anglicandignitarytogivehisblessing,andthissurelyisa"story."The Popegavehimtheformalblessingreservedtoincensebeforeburning.

* * *

WhensomeoftheseAnglicanBishopstravelledontheContinentinthe dressofCatholicprelates,theysometimescausedwhatthenewspaperplacardscall"dramaticsensation."

OnceaScottishBishoptravelledin FranceinthepurplecassockofaContinentalBishop.Ashebroughthis wifewithhim,apioushotelkeeperrefusedtoallowherin.

"Maisjesuisenvacances."-"But I'monholidays,"explainedtheBishop. "Iln'yapasdoutequemonseigneur estenvacances,"repliedthehotelkeeper;whichmightbetranslatedas: "You'retellingme."

* * *

Ofcourse,thegreatestfundofecclesiasticalstoriesisthatofthecelebrated FatherHealy,ofBray,alsoofBallybrack,Killiney,whosereadytongue madehimfamousinmanycountries.

Awell-knownreplyofhisistheone hegaveaProtestantclergymanwho hadjustmissedatrainbyafew minutes,andwhoruefullygazedatthe faceofhisfinewatch,saying:"AndI alwayshadfaithinthiswatch.""Faith withoutgoodworks,"saidFather Healy.* * * *

ItisrelatedthatFatherHealywas broughtonthegrandtourofEurope byLordIveagh.Theytravelled throughFrance,Spain,Italy,Germany,Switzerland andeverywhere theywentLordIveaghpaidforeverything,includingtipstowaiters,newspapers,drinks,andknick-knacks.When theyreachedIrelandagainandgotoff theboat-trainatWestlandRow,they foundthattherewerenotaxis.So theyboardedatram.LordIveagh, withaccustomedhand,reachedinhis pocketforthetwopennyfares,but FatherHealygrippedhimbythe elbow,saying:"No!thisismyturn. Ican'tletyoupayforeverything."

ThespiritofgenialFatherHealyis notdead. ApriestinaveryProtestantborough inEnglandwasonceapproachedto giveasubscriptiontowardstheGuy Fawkescelebrations.Amongother things,aneffigyofthePopewastohe horned,andtheProtestantinhabitants wereratherslowinaskingthepriestto subscribetosuchafestival.

Thepriestpaiduplikeaman,saying:"Setyourmindsatrest.Ihaven't theleastobjection.Animitationpope oughttobeburned."

* *

*

ManystoriesaretoldaboutArchbishopUllathorne,oneofthegreatCatholicfiguresinthenineteenthcentury.Hisautobiographywaspublishedlatelyunderthetitle."From CabinBoytoArchbishop."Hewas foundofusingLatintagsinhissermons,andhisspeechwasoftheEnglishsortthatdropsthe"h"infront ofcertainwords. Hebeganasermononedaywiththe words,"Domine,nonsumdignus,"A littlealtar-boy,whowashalfasleep, andwhowasaccustomedtostrikethe tongwhenheheardthesewordsduring Mass,promptlywokeupandthwacked thegongresoundingly. TheArchbishoplookedaround,beckonedtoanolderaltar-boyandsaid audibly:"Takethat'ammerout thatchild's'and."

* Thenthereistheanecdoteofamissionwhichwasdrawingtoaclosein anIrishcountryparish.Themis. sionerwasgatheringtogetherallthe thundersandlightningsoftheweek. Thepeoplewereshaken;theytrembled inwardly;oldsinnersweremakingresolutionsfast;allexceptonemanwho

SHANELESLIE. sprawledinhisseatinaheavydoze. Thenthetimecamewhenallstoodup torenouncethedevilandallhisworks andpomps,allexceptthemiiinth.3 doze.Aneighbourshook1:ra,wakenedhim,andtoldhimtostandup. "No!"repliedthemaninaloudvoice. "Idon'tbelongtothisparish."

Iwonderwasthatmanthesubject ofastorywhich,whilebeingthorJvghlyun-ecclesiastical,Ican'tresisttelling' Amanreeledoutofthedoorofa pub,bumpedintoalady,tookoffhis hatwithelaboratecourtesy,andthen stoodstaring.

"Well,"askedtheladyirritated, "whatareyoustaringat?"

"Madam,"saidthetoogaycavalier, "youaretheugliestwomanIhaveever seen."

"Andyou,"shesnapped,"arethe mostdrunkensotI'veeverseen."

"True,Madam,true,"hereplied. "ButI'llbeallrightinthemorning"

Myself,I'mveryfondofthoseslips ofthetonguethatarecalled"Spoonerisms,"aftertheAnglicanCanonSpoonerwhoseldomopenedhismouthwithoutputtinghisfootinit.Heissaid tohavegivenoutahymnas"KinqueringKongstheirtatlestike."Anothertime,whenbuildingsweretobe decoratedduringcertainfestivities,he askedwoulditbeagoodthingtohave "hagsflungoutofthewindows."There isnoendtothosegoodthings.There wasthestudentwhoapproacheda collegeauthorityandinquirednervously,"Isthebeandizzy?"Andthen therewastheofficiatingclergymanwho toldtheshybestmanatawedding thatitwaskisstomarytocussthe bride.

Onanotheroccasion,thistimeinthe pulpit,Spoonerissaidtohavereferred toQueenVictoriaas"Ourqueerold Dean,"Reproachinghiscongregation foritssmallnumbers,heremarked: "I'mtiredofaddressingthesebeery wenches."Atabanquethepointed atthejellyandinquiredfromhisneighbour:"What'sisthatstinkpuff?"In asubsequentspeechhedeclaredthat themightoftheNavyliesinits"cattleshipsandbruisers." * * *

FatherBernardVaughan,S.J.,the celebratedEnglishpreacher,issaidto havebeenwaitingtoboardatramin Londononeday.Whenthetram stoppedandthecrowdwaspushing andshovingtoboardit,Father Vaughannoticedaone-leggedreturned soldierbeingbadlyjostled.Hepushedthroughthecrowd,tooktheman's armandhelpedhimaboard.Ashe didso,thecrowdcheered.Father Bernardturnedonthestepandsaid. "Don'tcheerme;hissyourselves."

Onanotheroccasion,astheguestof KingEdwardVII.,FatherVaughan andotherguestswerebeingshown aroundtheRoyalArtGallerybythe Kinghimself.Theystoppedinfront ofaportraitofHenryVIII.,andthe Kingsaid,jokingly,toFatherVaughan: "Whatwouldyoudo,Father,ifmy royalancestorweretostepdownfrom hisframe?""Iamafraid,YourMajesty,"answeredthepriest,"Iwould havetoasktheladiestoleavethe room."

4,....-.-.-.-

BASSENDEANBAKERY

N.LOVELOCK

BAKERANDPASTRITCOOK,ETC. 'TEL.:UL128. WESTROAD,BASSENDEAN.

SubiacoYoung Men'sClub

ByH.J.

TheCatholicYoungMen'sSociety, withitsheadquartersatSubiaco,has hadaverysuccessfulyearinallspheres ofitsactivities.Boththesportingand socialactivitieswerewellcateredfor, andonthewholewasahugesuccess.

Inthehotweatherriverexcursions, picnicsandtripstothebeachwerein demand,and,wearegladtosay,all werewellattended,andtheatmosphere whichprevailedontheseoutingswas somethingofwhichweareproud.The C.Y.M.S.hasthereputationofbeinga happyandsociablegroupofyoung men,andbyallappearancesithasalwaysliveduptothatreputation.

Duringthewintermonthsdances wereconductedfortnightlyatSt.Joseph'sHall,andallwhoattendedcan vouchthattheywerealwaysdancesof continuous,happyandfrolickinggood humouredfunwhicheverybodyenjoyed,andatalltimesthatatmosphereofgoodfellowshipandfriendlinessexisted.

Tripstothecountry,whichwereorganisedinconjunctionwiththeL.C.Y., withwhichwearecloselyassociated, werealsoarranged.Footballmatches, etc.,wereplayedandwearepleased tosaythatSubiacowasalwaysvictorious.

Themainsportingactivitiesinwhich ourclubtakespartistheathletics. LastyearourClubentereda"13'and a"C"teamintheW.A.A.A.A.,inwhich theydidremarkablywell,Inourfirst seasonwewonthe"B"Gradeshield andtherelaycompetitionpennant,besidesobtainingfourchampionshipsand onerecord.The"C"gradealsoperformedverycreditably.

Therearemanyprominentathletes inourranks.G.Worner,whowon the220yardsand440yardsState Championship;B.Ryan,whowonthe seniorpolevaultingchampionship;and L.Ryan,whowonthejuniorpole vaultingchampionshipandbrokethe record.Therewerealsomanyothers whofiguredwellintheStatechampionships.Ithinkitisacredittoour clubthatinourfirstseasonweshould winashieldandpennant,andbring backfourStatechampionshipsand tworecords,

Thisyearwehaveenteredthree teams,"A,""B,"and"C."Sofarthe progresshasbeensatisfactory,andwe havehopesofgainingmoreshields andpennants.

Aftertheathleticseasonlastyearwe heldourfirstannualclubsocial.His GracetheArchbishop,theLordMayor (Dr.Meagher),andotherprominent peopleattended.Duringtheevening ourcameraman,Mr.RonForte,showedmovingpicturesoftheseason'sathleticsaswellasotherinterestingfeatures.HisGracespokewellofthe Clubanditsactivities,asdidDr. Meagher.FatherLalorspokewellon behalfoftheClubandgaveanoutline ofwhatisexpectedofsuchaclub, andpraisedtheSocietyforthegood workitisdoingamongtheCatholic youngmen.HisGracepresentedtrophiestosuccessfulathletesoftheseason,thesebeing:G.Worner,B.Ryan, LHickey,E.O'Mahoney,G.Gee,P. McGinnity,P.Prendiville,H.Ryan,D. Kelsall,D.Campagnoli,L.Ryan,D. Flynn,andB.McGinnity.

Athleticsisnottheonlysportin whichourClubparticipates.Social gamesofcricketwereplayedandwe heldaboxingtournament.Inthese theC.Y.M.S.werewellrepresentedand cameoutvictorious.

Ifthereisanypersonwhodesiresto entertheC.Y.M.S.heisadvisedtodo soimmediately.Notonlywillhe benefitinsportingandsociallife,but alsothereligiousside,Beforebecomingamemberonehastobeamember oftheHolyNameSociety.Meetings areheldeveryMondaynight,commencingat8.15p.m.,afterwhichall mannerofgamescanbeplayedand eachandeverymemberisassuredofa goodtime.Atpresentwehave70 members,althoughmanyareincamp andcannottakepartintheClub'sactivities.

Twentyofourmembershavejoined thefightingforcesinthelasttwelve months.Tothesewewishthebestof luckandwillremembertheminour prayers.Maytheyreturnsoundin mindandbody,andremainpurein heartandsoul.

Wewouldliketotakethisopportunityofwishingallourmembers,and allwhoareinterestedinourclub,a HappyandHolyChristmasandavery prosperousNewYear.

TramsandBusescaterforMetropolitanSportsGrounds,

Boysare

Prospectus

TheSocialUseof... WEALTH

FourViewsof Money

"God'sinHisheaven, "All'srightwiththeworld."

"IfIhadbeenaheathen, I'dhavepraisedthepurplevine, Myslaveswoulddigthevineyards, AndIwoulddrinkthewine. ButHigginsisaHeathen, Andhedrivesthedrearyquill, Tolendthepoorthatfunnycash Thatmakesthempoorerstill.

WOMAN'SPLACEINTHENEWORDERI

PRACTICALLY,

THESOCIALQUESTIONHANGS

ON

Cinderthiscaption,theabovepicturefeaturedprominentlyonthecoverofanAustralianmagazine,generallyrecognisedasoneoftheorgansofbigbusinessinthiscountry.ItrepresentsaviewoflifedirectlyantitheticaltoCatholicsocialprinciplesWehavetakenthelibertyofintroducingtheinset,whichillustrates anotherviewofwoman'splaceintheSocialOrder,andoneofmuchgreaterdignityandfreedomthanthesupposed"emancipation"offactorydrudgery.Anyhow,itwasGod'schoiceforHisMother'scareer.Thecontrast isfurtherheightenedbythefollowingpoems:-

TheDivineOfficeclTheKitchen

"Godwalksamongthepotsandpipkins."-St.Teresa.

Lordofthepotsandpipkins,sinceIhavenotimetobe AsaintbydoinglovelythingsandvigillingwithThee, Bywatchinginthetwilightdawn,andstorming Heaven'sgates, Makemeasaintbygettingmeals,andwashingup theplates!

Lordofthepotsandpipkins,please,IofferTheefor souls

Thetiresomenessoftea-leaves,andthestickyporridgebowls! RemindmeofthethingsIneed,notjusttosave thestairs, ButsothatImayperfectlylaytablesintoprayers.

AcceptmyroughenedhandsbecauseImadethemso forThee!

Pretendmydishmopisabow,whichheavenlyharmony Makesonafiddlefryingpan;itissohardtoclean, Andah,sohorrid!Hear,dearLord,themusicthat Imean!

AlthoughImusthaveMarthahands,IhaveaMary mind,

AndwhenIblacktheboots,ItryThySandals,Lord, tofind. Ithinkofhowtheytrodourearth,whattime1 scrubthefloor, AcceptthismeditationwhenIhaven'ttimeformore!

VespersandComplinecometopassbywashingsupper things And,mostly,Iamverytired;andalltheheartthat sings Aboutthemorning'sworkisgone,beforeme,intobed. Lendme,dearLord,ThyTirelessHeart,toworkin meinstead!

MyMatinsaresaidover-nighttopraiseandbless ThyName, Before-hand,forto-morrow'swork,whichwillbejust thesame, SothatitseemsIgotobedstillinmyworkingdress Lord,makeThyCinderellasoonaheavenlyPrincess

WarmallthekitchenwithThylove,andlightitwith ThyPeace! Forgivetheworrying,andmakethegrumblingwords tocease.

Lord,Wholaidbreakfastontheshore,forgivethe worldwhichsaith, "CananygoodthingcometoGodoutofpoor Nazareth?"

-CErTi TT\TT

"Doltthoubetray theSonofMan?..

"Inthesweatofthyfaceshaltthoueat bread," -GenesisXII.,19, "Isitnotdeplorablethattherightof privatepropertydefendedbythe Churchshouldsooftenhavebeenused asaweapontodefraudtheworkingmanofhisjustsalaryandhissocial rights."

-PopePiusXI.,in"DiviniRedempLoris."

"..Youhavemadeit adenofthieves."

..VonsofTheWheels

"Calluponthewheels,master,calluponthewheels; Wearetakingrest,master,findinghowitfeels; Strictthelawofthineandmine:theftweevershun-Allthewheelsarethine,master-tellthewheelstorun! Yea,theWheelsaremightygods-setthemgoing then!

Weareonlymen,master,haveyouheardofmen?

"0,theyliveonearthlikefishes,andagaspisall theirbreath.

Godforemptyhonoursonlygavethemdeathand scornofdeath, Andyouwalkthewormsforcarpetandyoutread astonethatsqueals Only,Godthatmadethemwormsdidnotmakethem wheels. Manshallshuthisheartagainstyouandyoushall notfindthespring, Manwhowillsthethinghewantsnot,theintolerable thingOncehelikeshisemptybellybetterthanyour emptyhead, Earthandheavenaredumbbeforehim;heisstronger thanthedead.

rTTF,17'RTON

AmongotherCatholic

ChristianBrothers'TrainingCollege, Campbelltown,N.S.W.

ChristianBrothers'College,Waverley, N,S.W.

ChristianBrothers,St.Patrick'sCollege,Goulburn,N.S.W.

ChristianBrothers'College,Hobart, Tasmania.

ConventoftheSacredHeart,Elizabeth Bay,N.S.W.

SacredHeartHospital,Young,N.S.W.

MountSt.Joseph'sOldPeoples'Home, Young,N.S.W.

ConventofSt.Joseph,Lochinvar, N.S.W. St.Scholastica'sConvent(2kitchens), Glebe,N.S.W. MaterMisericordiaeHospital,Sydney.

MountSt.Margaret'sHospital(LewishamNuns),Ryde,N.S.W.

CalvaryHospital(LewishamNuns), NorthAdelaide,SouthAustralia.

CalvaryHospital(LewishamNuns), Newton,Hobart,Tasmania. St.Virgil'sCollege,Hobart,Tasmania.

PassionistFathers,GlenOsmond,South Australia.

St.Paschal'sCollege,BoxHill,Victoria. LoretoConvent,Toorak,Victoria.

CorpusChristiCollege,Werribee,Victoria.

St.Patrick'sPresbytery,EastMelbourne,Victoria.

UniqueCeremonyatClontarf

FirstLocally"Baptised"Bell

SignificanceofCeremony

AceremonyextremelyrareinAustraliaisthatoftheblessingofabell, morepopularly,butlessaccurately, knownasthe"baptism"ofabell.IndeedthroughouttheDiocesesofthis Statethereisonlyone"baptised"bell. ThisdistinctionattachestotheChurch ofSt.JosephatAlbany,wherethe bell(namedMaryofBourbon)was broughttothisStatebySisterMary Marcelline,areligiousofSt.Josephof theApparition.Butthisbellwas "baptisedinFrance.

OnSaturdaymorninglast,HisGrace theArchbishop,assistedbyVeryRev. Dr.GoodyandRev.J.Fanning,performedthefirstceremonyofthiskind inthisStateatClontarfBoys'Home, VictoriaPark,inblessingthebellfor thenewChapelwhichistobeopened onSunday,21st,inst.

Theceremonyofblessingbellsisno innovationinCatholicpractice,being atleast1,000yearsold.Althoughthey havenotgoneoutofuse,bellshave notthesameirffportanceto-dayas theyhadinthepast.

Beforetheadventofmodernmethodsofcommunicationandtransport,thechurchbellsfilledessential socialneeds;theypealedoutforfestivals,theygavethealarms,theytold thepeoplethetimebyannouncing thevarioushoursoftheDivineOffice; inshort,theyamplyjustifiedtheinscriptionfrequentlycastuponthem: "Icalltheliving,Ibewailthedead,I shatterthethunderbolts."

Thismatterofavertinglightningis perhapsmoretruethantheaverage scepticwouldadmit.Itisconsidered byscientiststhatthereverberationsof aringingbellmightbeeasilyarather practicalmeansofdeflectingthestrike oflightning.

J.F.CAIN

17STIRLINGHIGHWAY, COTTESLOE.

'PhoneF2121,DayorNight. LICENSEDSANITARYPLUMBER, IRONWORKER,SHEETMETAL WORKER.

InblessingthebellatClontarflast Saturday,HisGracetheArchbishop firstwasheditinsideandoutwithholy water,thenanointeditoutsidewith sevencrossesoftheoiloftheSick,and insidewithfourcrosseswiththeHoly OilofChrism.Thehangingbellwas thenfilledwithincensesmoke,tosignifythesweetnessofitstoneandto implythesymbolismofthebellcarryingtheprayersofthefaithfultoheaven"inanodourofsweetness.'The bellwasthensoundedbytheArchbishop,andhetoldtheboysofClontarf,whoweregatheredaround,that hehopedthattheywouldheedwell thefutureringingofthatbellwhenit soundedfromthetoweroftheirnew chapel.

Thebell,whichismadeofsilver, andhasamostbeautifulresonance, wasnamed"John,"afterSt.John Bosco,thePatronofthenewChapel

Itisinterestingtonoteinpassing thatthe"reformers"ofthe16th.cell turywereverycriticalofthisceremony,claimingitwasasuperstition andaprofanationoftheSacramentof Baptism.Thisviewwas,ofcourse, nonsensical-theymighthavebeen equallyscandalisedattheritualfollowedinlaunchingaship.The"baptism"ofbellsispurelymetaphorical, andwhiletheceremonyiscloselyimitative,theresemblancesare,forall that,verysuperficial,

SONGOFTHEBELL-"JOHN"SUNGATCHRISTMAS.

Onawinter'snightlongtimeago (Thebellsringloudandthebells ringlow), Whenhighhowledwind,anddownfell snow (Carillon,Carina).

S.BEECROFT-Butcher

181RokebyRoad,Subiaco.

DnlyPrimeFreshKilledMeatSold 'PhoneW1373.

SaintJosephheandNostreDame, Ridingonanass,fullwearycame FromNazarethintoBethlehem. AndthesmallchildJesussmile onyou.

AndBethleheminntheystoodbefore (Thebellsringlessandthebells ringmore), Thelandlordbadethembegonefrom hisdoor (Carillon,Carina), "Poorfolk"(sayshe),"mustliewhere theymay, FortheDukeofJewrycomesthisway, WithallhistrainonaChristmasDay." AndthesmallchildJesussmile onyou.

Poorfolkthatmaymycarolhear (Thebellsringsingleandthebells ringclear), See!God'sonechildhadhardestcheer! (Carillon,Carilla), MengrownhardonaChristmasmorn: Thedumbbeastbyandababeforlort, Itwasvery,verycoldwhenOurLord wasborn. AndthesmallchildJesussmile onyou.

NowtherewereJewsasJewsmustbe (Thebellsringmerryandthebells ringfree), ButChristianmeninabandarewe (Carillon,Carina), Emptywego,andillbe-dight, SingingNoelonawinter'snight: Giveustosupbythewarmfirelight, AndthesmallchildJesussmile onyou. -HILAIREBELLOC.

NEXTSATURDAY'S£100.

TheNo.98CharitiesConsultationis open.Getaticketnowandbeinthe specialsweeptobedrawnnextSaturdayatnoon.Thefirstprizeis£100, andallticketswilllaterhaveachance towinf6,000.

RandolphKnapp

SIGHT-TESTING OPTICIAN.

12ATWELLARCADE, FREMANTLE.

St.VincentdePaulSociety1./...

Membersareremindedthatthenext FestivalMeetingoftheSocietywillbe heldattheChurchoftheImmaculate Conception,EastFremantle,onSunday,December14,at3p.m.

MemberstravellingviatheSouth SuburbanBusshouldalightatPetrastreet,whilstthosejourneyingvia Claremontshouldalightatfarsideof theNorthFremantleBridge.Inboth instancesfromthesepointscatchthe BictonPalmyratramandgetoutat PrestonPointRoad,

SITUATIONVACANT.

WantedCompetentHOUSEKEEPERforPresbytery.Fullparticulars apply27Florence-road,Nedlands. 'PhoneWM1928,

INTrIMIORTAM.

BOURKE.-Inaffectionatememoryof mydarlingwife,BridgetAnn,who diedDecember10,1934;devoted motherofChris.(Melbourne),Jim '(Werribee),Vic. SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhersoul, -Insertedbyherlovinghusbandand sons.

DWYER.-Ofyourcharity,prayfor thereposeofthesoulofDaniel FrancisDwyer,whodied11th,December,1938. -Insertedbyhisfamily.

HEALY.-Inlovingmemoryofour dearwifeandmother,Margaret,who departedthislifeatVictoriaPark onDecember15,1941. SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhersoul. -Insertedbyherhusbandandfamily.

STOVES,allenamel,newandused; lowestprices;promptrepairs...WA. StoveCo.,559WellingtonSt.(B6307.)

T.VIVIAN, 143Rokeby-road,Subiaco.W1539. FORSEWERAGECONNECTIONS, W1539.

BadWaterPressure,BrokenPedestalPans,BlockedSewerDrains,CisternandRoofRepairs,TN.Model BathHeater.lad

BUNBURY.

LANDandESTATEAGENT

G.H.TEEDE 'Phone31 Private267. SMITH'SBUILDINGS, WELLINGTONST.,BUNBURY. Businesses,Farms,Houses,Land For

MAINBLDG1902

DININGROOMS6KITCHENS1940

SCHOOLLOCK1938.

SOCIALCHARITYWILLALWAYSBEINSEPARABLEFROMSOCIALJUSTICE

LAUNDRYtBAKERY1938

DAIRY STOCKYARDS POULTRYYARDS STABLES PIGGERY

HowClontarPBoys)towngrew

SPLENDIDCHAPEL,BUILTBYBOYS.Upwa

OPLNSDECEMBER21

The200sturdyandactiveWest AustralianandOverseasladsofBoys' Town,Clontarf,areeagerlylooking forwardtomeetingalltheoldfriends andbenefactorsoftheonlytownship intheworldbuiltentirelybythe youthfultradesmenoftheHome,for themselves.HereinW.A.,andnot inAmerica,istherealBoys'TownthatmanypeopleinthisStatedonot vetknow.OnSunday,December21, hisGracetheArchbishopwillopen andblessthefinenewMissionChurch whichprovidesaccommodationfor400 boys.Comeandseeforyourselves

themarvellousbuildingwhichthe technicallytrainedyoungtradesmen ofClontarfhaveerectedtotheGlory ofGod.Thecommitteeisbusypreparingforthegreatday,andtheynow requestyoutoreserveSunday,December21,forthegreatChristmas FamilyOutinginthelovelygrounds onthebanksoftheCanningRiver.As inthepast,anactivecommitteeis hopingtoarrangespecialbusservices forthebigceremony,andalltheneeds ofthepatronswillbecateredfor.Any assistancethatkindfriendsmaygive theBrothersinthefurnishingofthe

AINMAPAZSINTGSIXDEVYEEALORSPMENTS

Sandy'Wildness

requisitesfortheNewMisionChurch willbegreatlyappreciated.Theboys themselvesbuiltit,kindfriendsdonatedthematerial,exceptthetimber, tilingandaltarrequisites.So,please "helpthosesplendidboyswhohave helpedthemselvesbybuildingtheir ownChurch,"Thebuildingwillserve asamemorialtothePioneerBishops, PriestsandChristianBrothers,who sacrificedtheirlivesforthewelfareof the3,500homelessanddestituteboys ofW.A.duringthepast44yearsat Clontarf.RememberChrist'spromise: "Aslongasyoudidittooneofthese

myleastbrethren,youdiditunto Me."

Busserviceswillbearrangedto ClontarffromtheVictoriaParktram terminusfrom1p.m.onwards.Announcementswillbemadeinthedaily press.

ThenewClontarfBand,recently formedunderthewellknownBandInstructorandConductor,Mr.E.McCormackandhisableco-operator,Mr.Joe Jackson,willrenderchoicemusical selectionsthroughouttheopeningday onDecember2l,

TheinterioroftheChapel-nowcompleted-asitappearedinthe earlyconstructionstages.

TheMustardSeedThatHasDevelopedinto"Boys'Town,Clontarf."

"Noneofusyetknows,fornoneof ushasyetbeentaughtinearlyyouth, whattreasurehousesofpreciousand restfulthoughtswemaybuildwithout hands,forourmemoriestolivein. Suchsatisfiedmemories,noblerecords, heroicworks,andfaithfulsayingsbegetimpressionsimmortal,whichcare cannotdisturbnornainmakegloomy, noradversityakeawayfromthatof ourancestors,andgivesusthepower, notonlytogrwconsciouscommunionwiththethoughtandlove,the faithandhope,thelabourandperseveranceofthenobledead,andin thusenlargingitself,becometheinspirationandsourceofaricherand widerlifeforthosewhofollow."The abovequotationfromthe"Annalsof St,Joseph'sOrphanage,Clontarf,VictoriaPark,"aptlysuitstherecordof thenowfamiliarlyknown"Boys Town,Clontarf."

Themustardseedwassownbythe MostRev.M.Gibney,D.D.,Bishopof Perth,intheyear1876,whenherequestedtheSistersofMercytoopena placeofrefugeandeducationatSubiacoforpoorfriendlessboysandgirls, nowunderthetitleofSt.Vincent's FoundlingHome,Subiaco.Itisa longwaybacktotheyear1897,when theRev.BrotherP.A,Tracey,FounderandfirstPrincipaloftheChristian BrothersinAustralasia,accededtothe urgentrequestofHisLordshipBishop GibneytosendfourBrotherstotake chargeoftheeducationandtraining ofthe81orphananddestituteboysat Subiaco,andalsooftheseniorlads undertheOblateFathers'careat Glendalough,nearMonger'sLake.The Sistershadmorethanenoughtodo, incaringforthegirlsintheirprimary schoolsandatSt.Vincent'sHome. Owingtotheincreaseinthenumber ofboysinpoorcircumstances,Rev. BrotherP.A.TraceyandthefirstSuperior,Rev,BrotherL.Ryan,soughtto havetheBoys'Institutionestablishedinmoreextensiveandmoreuseful landfortheirbettertraininginuseful occupations.PicturethemetropolitanareaknownasPerth,justextendingtoVictoriaPa, beyondwhich onecouldeasilyVetlostinthevirgin bushland,thatstfetchedtothebanks oftheSwanandCanningRivers,even downtoAlbany.HisLordshipBishopGibney,Rev.BrothersTraceyand Ryansetouttoinspectthesiteof Clontarfbydrivinginasulkyasfar asVictoriaParkPostOffice,andthen mountedonthreefinesaddlehorses rodethroughthehotsand-tracked bushdowntowardstheCanningRiver bank,afewmilesfromthepresent CanningBridge-thenjustarusticlog structure.Ittookthemaboutfour hourstoreachtheplace,andthey neededtheguidanceofanexperienced bush-ridertofindtheirwaythereand

back.WecanpictureVeryRev. BrotherTraceyraisinghisthoughtsto HeavenandsayinginsmilinggratitudetoHisLordshipMostRev.Dr. Gibney:"Thisisindeedanidealsite forourBoys'Orphanage,withsucha gloriouscombinationoflandandriver scenery.LetusbuildithereinGod's Nameandmakeitforthosefriendless andhomelessboysaHomeawayfrom Home."ThanksbetoGodtheagreementwasmadeandfor£2,000theland waspurchasedbytheChristianBrothersin1901. Earlyinthatyear theplansofthemainbuilding1pictur. edabove)werecarriedouttothe nobledesignofCavanaghandCavanagh,architects,underMostRev.Dr. Gibney'sdirection,fortheChristian Brothersandthe88orphanboysofSubiaco.Intheyear1902,oneofthe mosthistoriceventsinthehistoryof theDioceseofPerthandofthisState, wasthegreatceremonyoftheBlessingandopeningoftheNewOrphanageforBoysinneedofproper education,rearingandtraining,under thepatronageof"St.Joseph,"One ofthepioneerBrothersisstillhappily withusto-day-VeryRev.BrotherJ. O'Connor-whowillshortlycelebrate hisdiamondjubilee,andquiteafew oftheex-pupilsofClontarfstillliveto telloftheirearlyhappydayswiththe Brotherstherethen.Twooftheold PioneerBandofBrotherswhocame outin1868-VenerableBrothersTraceyandBodkin.R.I.P.-wereclosely associatedwithClontarfofthosedays. Theex-pupilsrelatehowittookthem fivehourstowalkoverfromSubiaco totheirnewHomeatClontarf.It wasanightmareoflabourandworry togetthehorsesanddraysthrough thebushintheunmadesand-tracks fromVictoriaPark.Mostofithad tobeunloadedandcarriedbythe strongerboysforthegreaterpartof theway,Yes,ClontarfPioneersgoodBrothersRyan(Superior),Phelan,BodkinandO'Connor-faceda noblebuildingoutofthewildernessof sandandvirginbush.Havingthe Rev.FatherPhelanastheirappointed ChaplaintosaydailyHolyMass,to encourage,tohelpandtoblessthem inthegrandoldchapelofSt.Josephs, thesepioneeringBrothersandhoys feltsecureintit-guidanceofDivine Providence. TherealsoremainsoneBrother whomwemaysaywaslongunderthe guidanceoftheearlyfoundersof Clontarf,theRev.BrotherF.P.Keaney,whohasnowdevotedalmost35 yearsofhislifetoameloratingthe livesofthewell-nigh3,000ex-pupils who,nowhappilysettledintheirvariousavocationsincivillife,lookupon "Clontarf"astheirreal'AlmaMater." Themainbuilding,anArtandManualRoom,andalargerecreationhall, comprisedallofBoys'Townupto 1935,asthedevotedBrotherstillthen

inchargehadindeedmadethewildernesstobloombytheirsuccessfulmethodsofclearingandstockingthepadclocksclosetotheriverfiats.During hisearlydaysamongstthepioneers, hehadformedthebigideathatClontarfshouldonedaydevelopintoa ModelBoys'Town,andbecomeone ofthegreatestcentresofCatholicand technicaleducationaltrainingfor boysinAustralia,Happily,theProvincialoftheChristianBrothers,in 1936,appointedhimtotakechargeof Clontarf.TrustinginDivineProvidenceandwiththehelpofourpresentPatronandFounderoftheNew Boys'Town,MostRev,R.Prendiville, D.D.,andthenumerousfriendsofthe orphanlads,technicaltraining,in additiontoasoundtraininginChristianPrinciples,wasdecidedonforour seniorboysoftheHome.Having acquiredskillinWoodwork,Joinery, Plumbing,Modelling,Bricklaying, Plastering,TilingandConcreteSetting,thewaywassetforthecarrying outofBrotherKeaney'sSix-YearPlan, 1935to1941.Alookattheaerial photo,andalsoatthepanoramicviews appearinginthisissue,revealstothe observanteyetheresultoftheheroic laboursoftheskilledyouthfultradesmenrangingfromtheageof14to17, underthesoleguidanceoftheChristianBrothersinerectingtheirown Township.Yes,believeitornot,in thecourseofthepastsixyears,half amileofverandahsforsleepingout, doneinsolidconcretewithfloorsof jarrah;anornamentalclocktower, bandstand,twoaviaries,aspacious vari-colouredquadrangle,surrounded withlawnsinterspersedwithfloweringandevergreenshrubsformedthe schemeofworkfor1936-1937.1938

ing,kangaroohunting,foxtrapping, andgloriousswimsandhikes.ReturninginFebruary-thebricks,lime, sand,cementandtimberpiledup.The skilledbandofbricklayersandtheir assistantssettoworkonthewalls, whichafterthelayingofsome300,000 bricksreachedtherooflevel,The carpentryteamwithintheopenbuildingwerebusysettingupandframing outtheroofprinciplesofplanedheavy jarrahplanks.ByJulytherafters wereupandtheroofreadyforthe tiles.Itwasarealexampleofperfectteamworktosee70seniorlads pasingupandonthe8,000tileswhich ourtilershelpedtoplaceandfasten on,MeanwhiletheRoseWindow,consistingof80piecesofornamental moulding,weremodelledbytheyoung traineesaswellastheReredosofthe HighAltarandtheornamentalmoulding-about88separatepieces-inour ownworkshop.Theplumbers,too, werebusyinpreparingthelong lengthsofguttering,down-pipes,and receivingwaterbowls.Theblacksmithsandmetalworkerssettoto makealltheornamentalhinges,han. diesandthefinebrassornamental lampsneededforthenewChurch.The joinershad50churchseatstomake, plusthesanctuarysteps,parquetting, andornamentalarchesandceilingof thechapelroof.Workingtothevery practicalandverybeautifuloutlay ofthegroundsaboutthechurch,under theguidanceofMr.Davidson,Town PlannerofPerth,andtheskilledworkmanshipofMr.KellyandRev,BrotherCusack,theconcretepaths,roadwaysandstepswerecarriedout.Mr, J.Jacksonandhisgardenteamsetto onthelayingofthenicelawnsand treeplantingwork.Mr,G.Packer

wasdevotedtothelargeschooland technicalblocks.1939witnessedthe erectionofthenewdining-room,kitchenblock,plusthenewstockyardand laundrybuildings.ThenewPresbyteryandBrothers'cottagesblockwere erectedin1940.Tocrownthework ofthoseearnestyoungambitious tradesboysofClontarf,theywould buildtheirownNewMissionChurch toaccommodate400persons.December,1940,thewholeschemeofwork, underthearchitect,MissJackson,of Perth-theonlyknownladyplanner ofaMissionChurchinAustralia-was begun,whenMr.J.J,Kenneally,in thepresenceoftheChaplain,Rev. FatherCullen,theBrothers,andboys, turnedthefirstsodforthefoundation trenches.Rev.BrotherKeanevand hisBoys'Townyoungbuildersset towork,andbeforeChristmas,1940, thewholeoftheconcretefoundations werelaid.January,1941,wasreservedforafullmonth'scampholidayfor alltheyoungartisansatthegreat FarmSchoolofBindoon,Didn'tBrotherKeaneyandthoselivelyladsenjoyeverymomentofit-withrabbit.

andMastersD.PollardandJ.Juddici sawtothefloweringplants.

Mr.D,Boulderandourforeman,Mr. Hendry,supervisedmostofthedetailedwork.Theornamentalplaster workwasdonebyMastersB.Pollard, S.Venier,P.Bradshaw,A.White,J. Pascoli,K.StokesandJ.Sleith.Rev. BrotherM.Dawehelpedtotransport mostofthematerials.

Imustaddthatthroughthegenerosityofafe,wspecialbenefactors, mostofthebuildingmaterials,except thetimber,tiles,sheetmetal,white cementandspecialfurnishingswhich theOrphanagemustyetpayfor,was donatedtoBoys'Townasahelpin theirspecialisedtechnicaltraining.It shouldberemembered,too,thatmost ofthebrickswereonlyofthesecond gradequality,beingplasteredoverin snow-crete.

"HelpthosewhohavehelpedthemselvesbyerectingtotheGloryof GodaMissionChurchwheretheyand thefutureinmatesofBoys'Townmay learntherealvalueoflifeinthe FatherhoodofGodandtheBrotherhoodofMan."

ThehandsomeTowerofClontarf'sNewChapel,inwhichthe"Baptised"Bellwasinstalledduringtheweek.

LefttoRightTHEARTANDCRAFTROOMS,ADMINISTRATIVEBLOCKANDDORMITORIES,NEWROMANESQUECHAPEL.

Established1874.

tOeZrObiocese

ARCHBISHOP'SENGAGEMENTS.

December13:PresideatReception CeremonyatSt.Joseph'sConvent, Fremantle.

December14:AdministertheSacramentofConfirmationattheChurch ofOurLady,HelpofChristians,East VictoriaPark,after9.30a.m.Mass.

11,1941.

ToArms,Australians

Thebitterdaywhichournationalpoet,HenryLawson,foresawwhen ". thestaroftheSouthshallrise-intheluridcloudsof war," hascomeuponuswithsternreality.Thenewspapersannounced withunconsciousironyonMondaythattherehadbeendeclareda "PacificWar."Intheimmediateantecedentcircumstanceswhich leduptotheconflictAustraliawasnotdirectlyinvolved.But oncethebattlewasjoined,onlyonecourseremainedtothisnation, andourGovernmenthasunhesitatinglytakenthatcourse. AustraliaisinvolvedinwarnotonlyasaunitoftheBritishCommonwealthofNations,butinherownsovereigninterest.War,to-day, isaconditionofournationalsurvival.Theparamountmoralconsiderationofthisissueisnotindoubt.ForAustraliaitisclearly awarofdefence,whatevermaybethoughtofpastbunglingof foreignpolicyandhoweverthatmightbeconstruedasaremote contributorycauseofwar.

Thisisnosmallconsiderationinanagewherethedominance ofcommercialrelationsoverlifeasawholerenderssuspectmanyan armedconflictwagedamididealisticcatch-cries.Anditwasthe aspectmoststressedbythePrimeMinisterinhisfirstbroadcastannouncementontheoutbreakofhostilities-therighteousnessofour cause.Inthepast,itistrue,wehavepermittedahandfulofirresponsiblestojeopardisefriendlyrelationsinthePacific,butasa nationwehavegivennocauseforoffence.TheconflictisprimarilybetweenJapaneseandAnglo-Americaninterestsbothideological andcommercial.Ourownnationalinterestwasbestservedby peaceinthePacific,butthesolidarityoftheEuropeanwayoflife, togetherwithourmembershipoftheBritishfamily,makesinvolvementinevitable.Ourdangerisatoncemortalandveryclose athand.Tillnow,despitethecriticalstateofthewarinEurope andAfrica,anddespiteheroicAustralianparticipationinthemost difficultcampaigns,therealisationofwhatwarmeanshasbeenvery vaguetotheaverageAustralian.Wehavehardlyfeltthepinch atall.Butthehourofsleepispast.

ItisnowtheclearandimperativedutyofeveryAustralian manandwomantobeatthepostinwhichheorshemaybestserve theircountryinitsneed.AsforAustralianCatholicsitisaneven higherduty,becauseCatholicismoffersanobler,mysticalconceptionofpatriotismthanitispossibletoevokefrommeresentiment ornaturalconsiderations.ThefateoftheChurchmoreoveris boundupwithnationaldestinies.Inthisrespect,Catholicshave hadnoreasontoreproachthemselvestodate.InthisState,the enlistmentrateamongCatholicshasbeenhigherthantheirrepresentationinthegeneralpopulation.Butsofarfrombeingasource ofemptyvanityandcomplacency,thisconsideration,coupledwith thenearernationaldanger,shouldservetostimulaterecruitingin theCatholicranks,iffornohighermotivethanfromajustifiable pride.Itmightbeaskedhowallthisresolveofwaraccordswith thespiritofChristmas.AndweanswerthattheWiseMenwould havefoughtanddiedforthedefenceofthatFamilyandthatStable (hadthedesignsofGodnotbeenotherwise),justaslatertheCrusaderscameinchivalrousdefenceofitsmemoryandmemorials. LetthisbethespiritofAustraliaontheeveofbattle.Wefight, notfromhateorforgreedandpower,butonlyfortherighttorestoreinAustraliathosethingsforwhichtheHolyFamilystoodand standimmemoriallyintheChristianwayoflife.

AustralianResolve:Christmas1941

Thefeastoffriends,thecandle-fruitedtree, Ihavenotfailedtohonour.AndIsay Itwouldbebetterforsuchmenaswe, AndbenearerBethlehem,ifwelay Shotdeadonscarletsnowsforliberty, DeadinthedaylightuponChristmasDay.

-From"Sonnet:WithComplimentsoftheSeason,"byG.K.Chesterton.

....onmeameM

QUARANT

ORF

DECEMBER.

Sunday. 2nd.Leederville:FortyHours' Prayer(12th.-14th.).

3rd.Leonora:OneDayofExposition.

4th.York:OneDayofExposition.

1942.

JANUARY.

Sunday. 1st.BridgetownandDenmark' OneDayofExposition.

2nd.Albany:OneDayofExposition.

3rd.Beverley:OneDayofExposition.

DISPENSATIONFROMABSTINENCEONBOXINGDAY, 1941.

BecauseofthespecialdifficultiesthatwouldrendertheobservanceoftheLawofAbstinenceparticularlyburdensomeon BoxingDayofthisyear,the ArchbishopofPerthandtheBishopsofWesternAustraliahave decidedtofreetheirrespectiye rubjectsfromtheobservanceof thatLawonFriday,December 6,1941.

4.REDMONDPRENDIVILLE, ArchbishopofPerth.

7.30p.m.:AdministertheSacrament ofConfirmationattheChurchof ChristtheKing,Beaconsfield.

December19.-10a.m.:PresideatQuarterlyConferenceofthePriestsofthe MetropolitanArea.

6.45p.m.:AdministertheSacrament ofConfirmationtoadultsinSt. Mary'sCathedral.

SOCIETIESFORTHEPROPAGA, TIONOFTHEFAITHAND HOLY'CHILDHOOD.

AnnualSubscriptions,

TheDiocesanDirectoroftheSocietiesforthePropagationoftheFaith andHolyChildhoodshallbegrateful ifallsubscriptionsareforwardedto himnotlaterthanDecember31. Moneysreceivedafterthatdatecannot beincludedinthisyear'sbalance sheet.Chequesshouldbemadepayableto"CatholicMissions,"andifthey includebothPropagationoftheFaith andHolyChildhoodsubscriptions, thatfactshouldbenoted,andthe amountstobedevotedtoeachstated.

CORRESPONDENTSANDADVERTISERS,PLEASENOTE!

OwingtothefactthatChristmas fallsonThursday,"TheRecord"for thatweekwillbepublishedonTuesday,December23.Correspondents andadvertisersarethereforerequestedtohavecopyinbyFriday,December19.Thefollowingissuewillalso bepublishedonaTuesday,December 30,andcopyforthisissuemustbeon handonWednesday,December24.

December19.-8.30p.m.:OpenBazaar atSt.FrancisXavier's,Windsorstreet,EastPerth.

December20.-ConsecratenewChapel atClontarfBoys'Orphanage.

December21Morning:AdministertheSacrament. ofConfirmationatSt,Anthony's. Church,Wanneroo.

Afternoon:Officialopeningofnew ChapelatClontarfBoys'Orphanage.

December23.-8a.m.:PresideatReceptionCeremonyattheNovitiateof theSistersofMercy,VictoriaSquare.

December25(ChristmasDay):St. Mary'sCathedral:Midnight,Pontifi. cate. 11a.m.:PresideatSolemnHighMass.

BAZAAR

ABazaar,inaidoftheSchooland ChurchDebtFund,willbeheldinthe groundsofSt,FrancisXavier'sSchool, Windsor-street,EastPerth,onFriday andSaturday,December19and20. HisGracetheArchbishopwillofficially opentheBazaarat8.30p.m.onFriday,whenitisexpectedthatanextra largecrowdwillbepresent.There willbethreestalls,namely,Produce, Fancy,andRefreshment.Therewill beluckydipsforthekiddies,with FatherChristmasinchargeofthissection.Avarietyofpopulargames willbeemployedtoentertainthose whopatronisethisfunetfon,andareal carnivalspiritwillbeintroduced.Specialsessionforthechildrenwillbeon Saturdayafternoon,commencingat2 p.m.

ClontarfDonations

Mr.W.Dwyer

AFriend

Mr,H.Hurley

FRUIT,VEGETABLESWHOLESALE, 'PHONEB1651.

T.R.NICHOLASCOY.LTD.

METROPOLItANMARKETS,PERTH.

Shops,Hotels,InstitutionsSuppliedinTownorCountry. 5/-BAGSVEGS.RAILEDANYWHERE.

GoodsCarefullyPackedforShipmenttoNorthWest.

ARecordof

ServiceandProgress

THEANNUALREPORTFOR1941SHOWSTHATTHE SOUNDGROWTHOFTHET.&G.HASBEENWELL MAINTAINED.

SERVICE-TheT.andG.isaMutualLifeSociety -ithasnoshareholders.Intheforefrontofits idealsitplacesfairdealingandservicetoits Policyholders.Allclaimsaresettledwiththeutmost promptness.£2,970,000waspaidtoPolicyholders lastfinancialyear-nearly£10,000everyworkingday dayintheyear.

POPULARITY-TheesteeminwhichtheSociety isheldisshownbythefactthatduringtheyeara largenumberofexistingPolicyholders,inaddition tonewmembers,acquiredprotectionforthemselves andtheirdependants.Inall159,244newPolicies assuring£14,827,338wereeffected.

SECURITY-Theassets,whichareheldintrustto meetPolicyliabilities,nowtotalmorethan£37,000,000 investedinfirst-classsecurities.

BONUSES-Astherearenoshareholdersthegreater portionofthesurpluswillbedistributedtoPolicy. holdersintheformofReversionaryBonuses,the balancebeingheldasreservesagainstcontingencies.

WAREFFORT-Over500membersoftheSociety's StaffhaveenlistedforActiveService,andthe Societyhasinvestedtothelimitofitscapacityin thevariousWarLoansinAustraliaandNewZealand.Thesumofalmost£2,000,000wascontributed toGovernmentLoansduringtheyear.

THET.&G.SERVESTHENATION. ITSPECIALIZESINPROBATE,ENDOWMENTAND CHILDREN'SASSURANCESONTHEMUTUALPRINCIPLE.

THE MUTUAL AUSTRALASIANT LIFESOCIETY (IncorporatedinVictoria)

FeastoftheImmaculateConception

SOLEMNFIRSTVESPERSAND PONTIFICALHIGHMASSCONCLUDE NOVENAINST.MARY'S CATHEDRAL

"TheLordpossessedmeinthebeginningofHisways,beforeHemade anythingfromthebeginning,Iwassetupfrometernity,andofold beforetheearthwasmade.Thedepthswerenotasyet,andIwas alreadyconosival"

(ChapterfromFirstVespersoftheFeast.)

In1854thethenDioceseofPerth wasplacedunderthePatronageof theImmaculateConception,anditis toOurLady,underthatsametitle, thatSt.Mary'sCathedralisdedicated. TheFeastthenisaverysignificant onefortheChurchhereintheWest, anditisonlyfittingthatduesolemnityshouldmarkitsobservance.This yeartheSolemnNovenawaswellattended,andwasbroughttoaconclusiononMondaymorningwithPontificalHighMassat8o'clock,

OntheeveoftheFeasttheSolemn FirstVespersweresungintheCathedralat7.30p.m.VeryRev.Dr,Goody wascelebrant,HisGracetheArchbishoppresidedandpreachedtheoccasionalsermon,Hewasassisted afterwardsatPontificalBenediction byRev.FathersRaffertyandLalor,as deaconandsub-deacon,respectively.

OnthemorningoftheFeastPontificalHighMass\vascelebratedby HisGrace.Thefunctioncommenced at8o'clockandterminatedbefore9 o'clock,fortheconvenienceofthose presentwhohadtobeatworkatthat hour,Rev.FathersRaffertyand DonnellyactedasAssistantstothe Throne;VeryRev.Dr,Kennedywas AssistantPriest;Rev.FathersMcGillicuddyandLalor,DeaconandSubDeacon,respectively;andVeryRev. Dr.Goody,MasterofCeremonies.

AfeatureoftheNovenasolemnities wasthesacredmusic.Benediction eacheveningwassungbytheChildren ofMary,theboysofSt.Patrick's School,andthegirlsofSt.Joseph's School,inrotation.TheCathedral Choir,underRev.FatherLynch,sang theSolemnFirstVespersontheeve oftheFeastandthePontificalMass thatclosedtheNovenaontheMondaymorning.

OnSundayeveningtheFirstVespersoftheFeastweresunginGregorianChant,andwhilsttheArchbishopvestedforPontificalBenediction theCathedralChoirsangPraglia's

"Totapulchraes."The"0Salutaris Hostia"wasbyPalestrina,andthe "TanturnErgo"byBach.

Duringtheprocessiontothealtar forPontificalHighMassonthemorningoftheFeast,Perosi's"EcceSacerdos"wassung,andtheMassofSt, MichaelwhichfollowedwasbyWardale. TheNovenatooktheformofa supplicationfortheintercessionof OurLadythatajustpeacemaybe restoredtotheworld.

* *

*

IntheConstitution,"Ineffabilis Deus,'of8th,December,1854,Pius IX,pronouncedanddefinedthatthe BlessedVirginMary''inthefirstinstantofherconception,byasingular privilegeandgracegrantedbyGod, inviewofthemeritsofJesusChrist, theSaviourofthehumanrace, waspreservedexemptfromallstainof originalsin."Thedefinitionofthis dogmawashailedwithuniversalacclamation.Forcenturiesbeforethe finalproclamationbyPiusIX.theologianshadacceptedthissingularprivilegeofMaryasamongstthetruthsrevealedbyGod.

Itisinterestingthentorecallthat PopePiusIX.grantedBishopSerra's petitionrequestingthattheDioceseof Perthbeplacedunderthepatronage oftheImmaculateConceptionsome sevenmonthsbeforethedogmawa definedbythesameHolyFather.

OnApril30,1854,PiusIX.,withhis ownhand,grantedtheBishop'srequestthatthenewDiocesebeplaceil underthespecialpatronageandinvocationoftheBlessedVirgin,ImmaculateinherConception,and,furthermore,thatontheFeastoftheImmaculateConceptionofOurLadyaplenaryindulgencemightbegainedbyall thefaithfulunderhisjurisdictionwith theusualconditions,Itwasnotuntil December8ofthesameyearthatthe doctrineoftheImmaculateConceptionwasdefinedbytheHolyFather.

OfGeneralInterest

England.Whenwarbrokeoutshe performedwardutiesinLondon,returningtoAustraliaischargeofa groupofevacuatedchildren.RecentlyMissWardinspectedtheApostolicDelegate'sWarPrisoners'InformationBureau.

FORTHCOMINGEVENTS

BridgeParty. TheCatholicWomen'sLeagueat Highgateareholdingabridgeparty foraveryworthycauseintheHighgateParishHallonMonday,December15. MesdamesHannanandSlatteryarethejointorganisers. Dances.

MISSMARYWARD,

whoisatpresentwiththeMinerva TheatreCompany,whichopenedits seasoninMelbournewithaphenomenalrunof"SusanandGod."Miss WardiswellknowninWesternAustralia,whereshewasbornandeducated,andwhereformanyyearsshe wasprominentinPerthdramaticcircles.BornatBroome,shewaseducatedattheLoretaConvent,Claremont,wheresheobtainedexcellent scholasticresults,andplayedimportantpartsinCollegeentertainments. Shewasanoutstandingelocutionary pupilofMissLilyKavanagh,andwon manydistinctionsinElocutionexaminations.AmemberoftheRepertory andShakesperianClubs,shefigured prominentlyinmanyoftheirproductions,andplayedtheleadingrolein "CradleSong"intheDramaFestival heldatHisMajesty'sTheatreseveral yearsago.Shehasalsobeenheard overtheaironnumerousoccasions. PriortothewarMissWardvisited

AdanceinaidoftheRefreshment StallattheChristmasBazaarwillbe heldinSt.FrancisXavier'sSchool, Windsor-street,EastPerth,onMonday,December15,at8p.m.Another danceinaidoftheProduceStallwill alsobeheldattheSchoolonThursday,December18,at8p.m. EuchreParty. AeuchrepartywillbeheldinSt. FrancisXavier'sSchool,Windsorstreet,EastPerth,at8,30p.m.on Wednesday,December17,inaidofthe ChristmasBazaar. Mx-Collegians'Picnic. December22isthedateforthe beachpicnicandhike,etc.Girlsare tocatcheitherthe5.30p.m.or6.12 p.m.trainfromPerthtoMosman's Park(CottesloeBeach),whereteawill bepartakenofonthebeach,anddetailsgivenfortheevening'sactivities, ForfurtherparticularsringthePresident,MissM.Wyndham.

Children's'Carnival AChildren'sCarnivalDanceistobe heldinSt.Joseph'sHall,Subiaco,on Wednesday,December17. Therewill bedancingforadultsfrom10o'clock

S.L.GIBSON

ELECTRO-MECHANO-TiltRAPEUTIST

ChronicMuscular,Jointand NerveDiseases

TheMostScientificApparatusandAppliancesinuseinthe treatmentofStiffJoints,Deformities,etc.,byMachineryunder patient'sowncontrol.TheonlyPlantofitstypeinAustralia.

RHEUMATISM,MuscularorArticular,PARALYSIS, ATROPHY,andotherwastingprocessesofthemusclesand joints;LocalisedOdeamas,Sciatica,Neuritis,etc.-NERVOUSDISORDERS,Hysteria,Insomnia,andallDepressed NerveStates,convalescentstageafterseriousillness,orbreakdownduetosustainedNerveDrain,arepromptlyrestoredto normalhealth.REJUVENATION,Reducingbymethods freefromdangerousdrugsorsweating.FOOTTROUBLESfallenarches,verucae,apainful,contagiouslesionoftimes mistakenforacorn,bunions,etc.

NOTEONLYADDRESS-

Medico-MechanicalInstitute(Reg.)

3rd.Floor,LONDONCOURT,ST. GEORGE'STERRACE END.

LADYINATTENDANCE.

'PHONE: B3071.

PatroniseOurAdvertisers

REDLIONINN

FRANKJ.

Itissituatedwithintwominutes' walkoftrams17,18,19,34,andof theBayswater-Bassendeanand MorleyParkbuses;whileMt.Lawleyrailwaystationandtram22are onlyfiveminutes'walkfromthe School.

Allclassesaretaughtbythe Brotherspersonally.

BesidesreceivingasoundReligiousTraining,pupilsarecarefully taughtinallgradesthevarious subjectsrequiredforlaterlife.The CurriculumfollowstheusualPrimarySchoolcoursefromThirdto SixthStandards,inclusive.Then theSecondaryCoursemayhetaken toJuniorCertificate,LeavingCertificateandMatriculation.

Inglewood,andMaylands,etc.

Thesubjectstaughtinthiscourse includeEnglish,Latin,French,History,Geography,Drawing,Mathematics,BusinessPrinciples,Physics andChemistry.Afully-equipped ScienceLaboratoryoffersevery facilityforthestudyofthePhysics andChemistryCourses.

CULTURALTRAINING.

Elocution,Debating,Singingand DancingaretaughtattheSchool byhighlyqualifiedteachers.

GAMESANDPHYSICAL CULTURE

Asitsimportanceinthebuilding Hofbothbodyandcharacterrequires, PhysicalTrainingreceiveseveryattentionatC.B.H.S.Boxing,Gym-

nastics,andSwimming,aswellas otherphysicalexercises,areregularlytaughtattheSchool. TheOrganisedGamesareunder thepersonalsupervisionoftheBrothers,andeveryboyisaffordedthe opportunityofbecomingproficientin Football,Cricket,Athletics,BaseballorTennis.

C.B.H.S.holdstheAggregate ShieldandtheSeniorCupfor Athletics,1940and1941. Football:FirstXVIII.:Premiers, 1938and1939. UnderThirteens:Premiers,1941. TherearethreemagnificentTennisCourtsintheSchoolGrounds: theneighbouringForrestParkis usedastheschoolsportsfield.

SCHOOLRE-OPENSONTUESDAY,FEBRUARY3,1942.

Newpupilsmaybeenrolledfrom26th.January,1942. 'Phone:B5844.

FURTHERPARTICULARSONAPPLICATIONTOTHEPRINCIPAL.

MIH100010.11.1H1111U1H1.1.1.11.1.1HINIIIIHIMIHIll

SpiritoftheLegionofMary

AMAZINGGROWTHOFAPOSTOLICLAYMOVEMENT

HowFaithandCharityBearonSocialReform

LETUSPRAY.

Confer,0Lord,on uswhoservebeneaththestandardof neaththestandard ofMarythatfullnessofFaithin Theeandtrustin Hertowhichitis giventoconquerthe world. Grantusalively Faithanimatedby charitywhichwill enableustoperform allouractionsfrom themotiveofpure loveofTheeand evertoseeTheeand serveTheeinourneighbour.

AFaithfirmart('immovableasa rockthroughwhichweshallresttranquilandsteadfastamidthecrosses, toilsanddisappointmentsoflife.

AcourageousFaithwhichwillinspireustocarryoutwithouthesitationgreatthingsforGodandthesalvationofsouls.

AFaithwhichwillbeourLegion's pillaroffire-toleadusforthunitedtokindleeverywherethefireofDivine Love-toenlightenthosewhoarein darknessandintheshadowofdeathtoinflamethosewhoareindarkness andintheshadowofdeath-toinflamethosewhoareluke-warm-to bringbacklifetothosewhoaredeadin sinandwhichwillguideourownfeet intheWayofPeacesothatthebattle oflifeoverourLegionmayreassemble withoutthelossofanyoneintheKingdomofThyLoveandGlory.Amen.

Intheabovebeautifulandsignificantprayer,whichistheconcludingLegionprayer,andwhich isknown,recitedandlovedby

TheFirstCuriaestablishedinPerth,representingeightseniorand areCentralCatholicLibrary,36PierStreet,Perth,whereitmeetson LibraryisnowinchargeofaveryefficientLegionPraesidium.

outthatFaithheisintirelypowerless toperformeventhesimplestLegion DutyortohelpMARYeveninthe verysmallestwaywithHerconquest forsouls.Hekeepsthesewordsforeverrunninginhismind,"WithoutMe yecandonothing.-Heremembers atalltimeshisownnothingness,his owninsignificance,andrealisesthathe MUSTdependonMaryforeverything.

one the juniorPraesidia.Itsheadquarters lastWednesdayofeachmonth,The

iromChrist,saying"THISISAHARD SAYINGWHOCANBELIEVE1T," toenliventhosewhoareluke-warm causethemtoeventrytorealise whatawonderfulthingtheirFaith, theirReligionwhichtheywereabout toturntheirbackonis,tobringlife backtothosewhoaredeadinsin.

AFaithwhichwillguideallLegionariesintheWayofPeace,sothatwhen thatgreatREVEILLEsoundswemay allreassemblewithoutthelossofone singlesoldier,sothatwemayallhear thosewonderfulwords:"Welldone thougoodandfaithfulsoldier.The ConquestisyoursenterintotheKingdomwhichthouhasthonourablyand gallantlywon." gu,justasitledthethreewisemen

established

THEFIRSTPRAESIDIUMOFTHELEGION, atBayswaterinNovember,1940,byRec.FatherMcBride, takenonthefirstanniversaryofitsfoundation, fourmillionLegionaries,bothactive andauxiliary,wehaveembodiedand explainedtherealLEGIONSPIRIT whichischaracteristicofeverytrue Legionarythroughoutthelengthand breadthoftheworld.

ASpiritwhichIamsurecannotbe surpassedbyanylayorganisationwithintheCatholicChurch;aspiritwhich isentirelyMARY'Sownandwhich ShedevelopstotheveryfullestdegreeinallLegionaries,bothactiveand auxiliary,whocorrespondwiththe GracewhichShegivesthem. Letuspaintamentalpictureofthe trueLegionaryrecitingthisprayer, andthentrytograsptherealsignificanceofit.Wefindhim:

1.Appealingmeeklyandhumblyto OurLordonbehalfofallLegionaries "whoservebeneaththestandardof Mary"fortheveryfullnessofFaithin Christ,andtrustinMarywhohasreceivedthecommissionfromGodto crushtheheadoftheserpentandconquertheworld.Heknowsthatwith-

IlerealisesthatSheis"MEDIATRIX OFALLGRACES,"andthatevery Graceherequiresmustcomethrough Herandthatthesuccesswhichattends hiseffortsdependsentirelyonthe mannerinwhichhecorrespondswith thatGrace.

Heappealsforalivelycharitable faithwhichwillenablehimtoper. formeverysingledutypurelythrough loveofCHRIST,toenablehimtosee Christineveryoneheworksfor:the carelessCatholic,thelapsedCatholic, thenon-Catholic,theAtheist,theCommunist,thedrunkardandtherenegade, alwaysbearinginmindChrist'swords: "WHATSOEVERYOUDOUNTO THELEASTOF-THESEMY BRETHRENYOUDOTOME."He considersitanhonourtogointothe slumsandthehovels,tograspthe grimyhandoftheonewhohastolabouratanykindofdistastefulwork,to sitontheboxorevenablockofwood inthehumblehomeoftheonewho cannotaffordbetter,oreventopartake

REV.FATHERLALOR, recentlyappointedDirectorofCatholicActionintheArchdiocese,spent severalmonthsinDublinwithFrank Duff,FounderoftheLegion,Having seensomethingofCatholicActionin Europe,FatherLalorisconvinced thattheLegionofMaryisthevery essenceofCatholicAction,andlooks forwardwitheveryconfidencetoits extensionthroughouttheArchdiocese ofthefrugalmealwhichmaybeofferedhim,knowingthatallthesethings heisdoingforChrist,

Heappealsforastrongfaithwhich willenablehimtocarrywillinglyall thecrosseswhichAlmightyGod maysendhimorpermittocomehis way,knowingthatthemorehehasto sufferthemoreheisimitatingChrist andsopleasingGod,

Acourageousfaithwhichwillenablehimtoundertakeanythingwhich wouldhelptosavesouls-nomatter howdifficultitmightseem,even thoughtothehumaneyeandmindit wouldappearabsolutelyimpossible,becauseheknowsthatthewordIMPOSSIBLEisnotknowntoMARY.He knowsthatShecanandwilldoanythinethroughhim'solongashedependsentirelyonHer.

Afaithwhichwillactasapillarof fire,astarwhichwillleadhimonto exactlywhereMARYwantshimto fromtheEast.

ToenkindlethefiresofDivineLove whichwilldrivethatcoldandterrible hatredfromtheheartsofmen-toenliehtenthosewhoareindarknessand theshadowofdeath-thosewhocannotsee,andworstofallthosewhowill notsee,liketheJewswhoturnedaway

Thisisthespiritwhichanimates everytrueLegionary,thespiritwhich hascausedtheLegiontospread throughouttheentireCatholicworld witharapiditywhichistrulyastounding,thespiritwhichhasdrivenLegionariesontoundertakeanddothat whichseemedutterlyimpossibleand beenresponsibleforthesavingofinnumerablesouls.Thespiritwhichis thedrivingforcebehindtheLegion,is itanywonder,then,thateveninour ownArchdiocesewefindtheLegion ranksgrowingtoanextentfarbeyond evenourwildestdreams-afactwhich weshallprovewhenwepublishour firstannualreportearlyinthenew year.

REV.FATHERMcBRIDE, ParishPriestofBayswater,onwhom OurLadyconferredthehonourofestablishim:thefirstPraesidiumofthe Legion,andwhoseuntiringeffortshave beenlargelyresponsibleforthesuccessoftheLegioninWestAustralia.

ST.L.,Enfield,N.S.W.

InDr.Rumble's"RadioReplies,"Question1,498,Inoticethefollowing "Thepresentsystemasasystemis amixtureofadvantagesanddisadvantages."

Inanswertothequestion:"Why doestheChurchdenouncetheabuses ofCapitalisminsteadofdenouncingthe wholeexistingsystemasevil,andas existingonlyforprofitandnotfor use?"Dr.Rumblegavethefollowing reply:-

"Youtaketoomuchforgranted,It iseasytosaythatmodernindustry underCapitalismexistsforprofitand notforuse.Butitisnottrue.Industryproducesthingsfortheuseof thosewhoneedthem.Thepublic paysforthevalueofthething,and somethingadditionalforthetroubleof makingit.Portionofthissomething, extraisdistributedinwages,andportionofitisreturnedtothosewhohave investedtheirsavingsintheenterprise, Ifyouthinkthattheproportionreturnedtotheinvestorsisalwaysexcessive,justnotethedividendspaidby theaveragebusinessto-day.Itistoo sweepingtosaythatcapitalisedindus tryexistsforprofitandnotforuse. Thisisbutacatchwordwhichcanimpressonlytheunthinking,orthosewho wanttobelieveit.Iamnotdenying thatabusesexist.Somewealthyownersareunwillingtolettheirdividends decrease.Theyarewrongandeaten upwithself-interest.Butwholesale condemnationisnearlyalwaysexaggerated,Thepresentsystemasasystemisamixtureofadvantagesanddisadvantages.Ithasitsusesand abuses.AndtheCatholicChurchdoes notsupportitwithunqualifiedapproval.Yet,whilstcondemningitsabuses, shedoesaskustobewarelest,inwashingthedish,webreakit."

ITOOULDBEJUST.

Dr.Rumble'sreplyisquitecorrect. Consideredintheconcrete,initshistoricaloriginanddevelopment,the systemofIndustrialCapitalismhas been-andis-vitiatedbyahugesocial injustice.

Intheconcrete,andasamatterof fact,IndustrialCapitalismisnotajust system;formostofthewealthofthe communityisconcentratedinthe handsofafewindividuals,whilethe massesofthepeoplearedispossessed andpropertylesswage-slaves.Butcon. sideredsimplyasasystem,theoretically,Capitalismcouldbeajustsystem.

PopePiusXI.aptlydefinedCapitalismastheregime"inwhichthecapital (i.e.,productivegoods)andthelabour jointlyneededforproductionareprovidedbydifferentpeople."(QuadragesimoAnno.)

Itwouldbeajustsystemiftheworkerswerepaidthefullfamilywageto whichtheyareentitledinjustice-a wagewhichwouldenabletheworkers notonlytoprovidAforthepresentand futureneedsoftWemselvesandtheir families,butalsotosecureamoderate amountofpropertyforthemselves.

Nevertheless,eveniftherequirements ofjusticeweremetinfull,Capitalism wouldbebynomeansanidealsocial andeconomicsystem.Evenatits best,itwouldfallfarshortoftherequirementsoftheChristianprogramme ofsocialreconstruction.

Capitalismasweknowitto-dayis vitiatedbycryingabuses.Thewealth whichbelongsbynaturalrighttothe wholecommunity,andshouldbeequitablydistributedamongstthemembers ofthecommunity,isconcentratedin thehandsofafewindividuals,whouse theirwealthandpowertotheirownadvantagewithoutreferencetothecommongood.Moreover,theworkersare alltoooftendeprivedofthewagesto whichtheyhavearightinjustice.

Butsincetheseabusescouldberemovedwithoutsubstantiallyaffecting theessentialsofthesystem,theydo nottouchthequestionastowhether ornotCapitalismcouldbeajustsystem. WemusttakewhatisgoodinCapitalismandincorporateitinabetter system.Wemustrejectwhatisevil init.Butwemustbewareof"emptyingoutthebabywiththebathwater," * *

WHEREARETHEADVANTAGES?

Theadvantagesareallonthesideof theownersofthemeansofproduction,andthedisadvantagesareall onthesideofthosewhoownno meansofproductionotherthantheir powertolabour.

oi4D71NTACEo,1TVD (DIS4DV/INTAGES

Thereisalargeelementoftruthin whatyousay,but,asitstands,your statementisinaccuratepreciselybecauseofitssweepingcharacter.

Moreover,evenifyourstatements weretrue,itwouldmerelydescribeone oftheabusesofthepresentsystem, withouttouchingthequestionasto whetherCapitalismconsideredtheoreticallyandasasystem,couldbea justsystem. Couldyoutellmewhatadvantagethe capitalistsystemhasbeentothe communityasawhole?

Ithasledtoanenormousdevelop. mentofnaturalresourcesand,byap plyingthediscoveriesofscienceand moreefficienttechniquetoindustry,it hasplacedinnumerableusefulornecessarymanufacturedgoodswithinthe reachoftheaverageman.Theseadvantages,however,arenotnecessarily inseparablefromCapitalism,andcould bepresentunderanyothersystem.

Apartfromafewadvantagesofthis sort,ithasdonepreciouslittleforthe communityasawhole;whiletheevil ithascausedfaroutweighsthegood.

Nevertheless,yourargumentisbesidethepoint.Thepointyouraise doesnotprovethatCapitalism,apart fromtheabuseshistoricallyassociated withit,couldnotbeajustsystem.And untilvouhaveprovedthatCapitalism, consideredsimplyasasystem,isintrinsicallyandnecessarilyunjust,you havenot.overthrownDr.Rumble'sposition. * * *

MARXISTCLAPTRAP.

Capitalism'shistoricalmission,i.e.,the rapidindustrialisationoftheworld, hasnowbeenfulfilled,andthecost inhumansufferinghasbeenenormous.

(1)Whenyouspeakofthe"historical mission"ofCapitalism,youarenot givingushistory.Youaremerely repeatingtheunhistoricaltheoriesof KarlMarxandhisdevoutfollowers; theorieswhicharebased,notonthe eventsofhistoryastheyoccurred,but onthefantasticphilosophiesofHegel andFeuerbach,togetherwiththeobsoleteevolutionarytheoriesofDarwinand Spencer.

i2ThehumansufferinginthebuildingupoftheCapitalistsystemisbeyondcalculation;foritwasbuiltup bythelabourandthetearsandthe bloodofthemillionsofdefenceless poor.

Nevertheless,thehumansacrifices offeredtotheMammonofCapitalism fadeintoinsignificancewhencomparedwiththehumansacrificesofferedto theMolochoftheCollectivityunder RussianComunism.Witnessthemillionswho,between1929and1934,died ofstarvationinafamineengineeredby theSovietGovernmentintheenforcementofitspolicyofcollectivisation, SOCIALISMWORSETHAN

THE DISEASE.

Nowthatcapitalistproductionhasbecomeafetteronthefurtherdevelopmentofsociety,wearenowenteringanepochofsocialchangewhich willdevelopintosocialism.

HerewehavemoreoftheMarxist twaddlealreadymentioned.

Socialismisnotsomuchachange fromCapitalismasthenaturaldevelopmentofCapitalismtoitsmostcompleteandmosttyrannicalform.

Socialismdoesnotremovetheabuses ofIndustrialCapitalism.Onthecontrary,itaggravatesalltheworstevils ofCapitalismandaddsnewevilsofits own.

Socialismdoesnotdistributetheownershipofproductivegoodsamongst thepeople-Ittransfersallownership ofproductivegoodstotheCollectivity orState.Tntheplaceofafewprivatecapitalistswithlimitedpowers,it merelysubstitutesonegreatbig,impersonalcapitalistwithunlimitedeconomicandpoliticalpower,namely, theState. UnderCapitalism,theworkeristreatedasa"hand"andsubordinatedto profit;underSocialism,heworksasa coginthecollectivityandissacrificed toproduction. UnderSocialism,heremainsdispossessedandpropertyless.Notonly

doeshenutownanythinginthe natureofproductivegoods,butheis deprivedevenoftherightt,,own,nch goods. UnderSocialismtheworkergainsno economicindependenceorliberty.He musteitherdowhattheCommissars wanthimtodo,orstarve. HeandhisfamilyexistfortheState orCollectivity,andhehasnorightsor dignityapartfromtheStateorCollectivity.

Heceasestobethewage-slaveofa privatecapitalistonlytobecomeacog inasoullesstotalitarianmachine.

SOCIALIST"PHILOSOPHY." Socialismisasysteminwhichthe basicprincipleis:"Promeachaccordingtohisability;toeachaccordingtotheworkperformed:' Thatisnotthebasicprincipleof Socialism.Itisratherasloganinventedtopopulariseoneofthealleged economicadvantagesofSocialism.

AtthebasisofSocialismthereisa completephilosophyoflife;apeculiar viewofhumansocietyanditspie-pose-ofman'snatureanddestiny.

IntheSocialistphilosophymatteris thesolereality.ThereisnoGod,no soul,nofuturelife,nofreewill,no moralresponsibility,nosuchthingas sin,

Manisregardedsimplyasamore complexspeciesofbrute,theproduct ofblindevolutionaryurgesfromlower formsandfunctionsoflife.Heisnot merelyinfluencedbyeconomicfactors andconsiderations,butisgoverned andrigidlydeterminedbythem.He existssolelyforthebenefitoftheCollectivity,andhasnoindividualorpersonalrightsexceptatthepleasureof theState.Andwhenheisnolonger capableofserving,hemaybe"liquidated"withoutscruple.

Andsoforth. Thephilosophywhichisatthebasis ofSocialismisthereforeirrational, anti-Christianandinhuman;becauseit deniesapersonalGodwhoseexistence isdemonstrablebyreason;becauseit ignorestherevelationofChrist,which isthecentralfactofhistory;because itsteachingsareflatlyopposedtothe mostfundamentalChristianteachings; becauseitmisunderstandsandpervertsthenatureanddestinyofman, degradeshimtothelevelofthebrutes, andsubordinatesboththeindividual andthefamilytotheStateorCollectivity.* * *

AWORTHLESSPRINCIPLE.

Canyoutellmeanysocialprinciple higherthanthis?

"Fromeachaccordingtohisability andtoeachaccordingtohisperformance"-withitsvariations-isnotso

muchaprincipleasasloganwhich maymeananything.

However,itexpressesadmirablythe relationsbetweenafarmerandhis horsesandcowsandpigs:"Fromeach accordingtohiscapacity,andtoeach accordingtohisperformance."But humanbeingsdonotusuallyembrace withenthusiasmschemeswhichare suitableforhorsesorcowsorpigs.

Secondly,asappliedintheSocialist State,itwouldmeanthateachwould giveaccordingtowhattheCommissars orbureaucratsthoughtheshouldgive, andhewouldreceiveonlyasmuchas thesaidSocialistLordsthoughthe shouldreceive,Inotherwords,both hiscapacityandhisneedswouldbe estimatedforhimbythebureaucrats oftheSocialistregime.Ifhedoes notobeyhemuststarve;orbe"liquidated,"bysomeequallyefficientmethod.

Finally,thesaidprincipleorslogan isbasedonthesillyassumptionthat manismerelyaneconomicanimal, whosecapacitiesandneedsaregovernedinthelastanalysisbyeconomicfactors.Hence,evenifthesaidprincipleorsloganweresoundinitself,it wouldbeworthlessasasolutionofthe SocialQuestion.Thereasonisthat theSocialQuestion,thoughonthesurfaceaneconomicquestion,isprimarily andfundamentallyamoralandreligiousquestion.

TheSocialQuestionisprimarilya questionofjustice,andthereforea questionofmorals.Andsincemoralityhasnofoundationapartfromreligion,itisalsoandfundamentallya questionofreligion.

THETRUEPRINCIPLEOFSOCIAL REFORM.

Hence,iftherewerenohigherpriniipleofsocialreformthanthecatchcry"Fromeachaccordingtohis capacityandtoeachaccordingtohis performance,"therewouldneverbe anysocialreform.

Butthereisahigherprincipleof Socialreform,aprinciplewhichwas laiddownbyChristintheSermonon theMount,aprinciplewhichisalsoa Divinepromiseandprophecy:"Seek yethereforefirstthekingdomofGod andHisjustice,andallthesethings shallbeaddeduntoyou."

Hadthisprinciplebeenrespectedby thenationsofEuropeduringthepast twocenturies,therewouldbenoSocial Questionto-day.TheRationalistsand Liberals,whosephilosophyisthebasis ofIndustrialCapitalism,rejectedboth theprincipleanditsAuthor.They havelandedtheworldinadreadful mess.AndtheadvocatesofSocialist orCommunistorFascistTotalitarianismwhohavelikewiserepudiated ChristandHisjustice,willonlymake thingsworse.

Inconclusion,mayIsuggestthat youdevotealittletimetothestudyof theChristianSocialProgramme.If yousendmeyouraddress,Ishallpost yousomeliteratureonthesubject. MonkeysandMen.

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CHRISTMASISTHEFEASTOFCHILDRENANDTHEYARETHEHOPEOFTHENEWORDER

AGFFOR

DearChildren,-Christmas,1941,is almosthere.Whatwillitbringto all?Well,totherichitwillbring theusualfeastofgoodthings,costly toysandpresents,thesameasitdid in1940.Buttomanyothersitwillbe atimeofsorrow,forsomuchhashappenedduringtheyear,andthousands ofchildreninotherwar-tornlandswill havelittlehappinessthisChristmastide.Manyofthemhavelostthose theylovedaswellastheirhomes, thatiswhyyouwhoarefortunatein livingfarawayfromtheactualscenes ofconflictshouldrememberthoseunhappypeopleofotherlandswhoare sufferingfromtheeffectsofthewar.

Sayaprayerforthemallwhenyou kneelbeforetheCribonChristmas Day.

Asyousee,allthelettersforthis weekhavebeenheldovertillnext week'sissue,butIamsureyouwill notmindthat.Andnow,Iwishyou allaveryHappyandHolyChristmas, andhopeyouwillhaveaverynice holidayfromschool. AUNTBESSY.

ACAROLFORSLEEPYCHILDREN

WhenMarycametoBethlehem

OnthefirstChristmasnight, SheborethelovelyChristChild Tobeeachchild'sdelight. TherewasnoroominBethlehem

Foranyonesosmall, AndyetsogreatasMary'sChild

Butinanox'sstall.

TherewasnobedinBethlehem

Foranyonesopoor, AndyetsorichasMary'sChild

Butonthestablefloor.

0!allyoulittlechildren, Whosleepinlinenwhite, Wouldyounotshareyourcradles

IfJesuscameto-night? -SisterMarisStella.

J5-1-);efore

Whisperlightly,laddie, Jesuliesasleep, Swaddledupsowhitely Nearwarm,whitesheep, Notafairy,laddie, That'sanangelthere, StandingclosetoMary, Aye,standingonair.

That'sHisMother,laddie. Howbeautifulsheis!

Neverwasanother MotherlikeHis. Hisfoster-father,laddie, WhohelpedtheHolyGhost: JosephlovedbyJesu, NexttoMary,most.

Theseareshepherds,laddie, CometoBethlehem

irkeCrib=

TovisitJesu-atthesong Angelssangtothem. "GlorytoGod!"-laddie, "Peaceonearthtomen' Sweetlysangtheangels Againandagain.

Maryhere,m'laddie, KissingJesu'shands Isnotweeping,laddie; Maryunderstands. Cold?Ayebitter,laddie. Stable?Aye,yousee To-morrow?-Well,to-morrow Whatmustbewillbe.

Aye,itmightbe,laddie, Maryreallyweeps Butwhisperlightly,laddie. Jesusleeps.

-KevinJarlathSullivan

WANTEDALITTLEC,IRL

Girlswhoweremerryaslambsatplay, Andlaughedandrollickedthelivelong day, Theythoughtnotatallofthestyleof theirclothes; Theyneverimaginedthatboyswere "beaus"; "Othergirls'brothers"and"mates" werethey, Splendidfellowstohelpthemplay.

Wherehavetheygoneto?Ifyousee

'TwasChristmasEve,andClaudius Craik (Forshortwe'llam.11himClaud)

WasholdingfortFonSantaClaus Inaccentsthatwerebored.

"There'snosuchperson,"hedeclared. "Ireallycan'tbelieve Achapdescendseachchimney-pot OneveryChristmasEve.

"Andjust,orsothestorygoes, Tobringtogirlsandboys

Afreshconsignmenteveryyear Ofmiscellaneoustoys!"

Thehushthatgreetedhisremark Wasominousandsad. Thelightswentout,theroomgrew dark, Feargrippedthebumptiouslad.

Thenslowlyo'ertheglowingcoals Theresteppedtheangryform OfSantawithhisheavybag Allsnowyfromthestorm.

"Arointthee,boy!"OldSantacried. "Youmiserabletwig!

Iseeyoucowerbeforemypower, You'renotsomightybig,

"Youdoubtme,doyou,nastychild? Notoysforyouto-night, ButIwillthrustyouinmysack ForaPolarbear'sdelight."

OldSanta,withoutmoredelay, Fulfilledhishorridthreat, AndClaudiusvanishedrightaway, Norhashesincebeenmet. * * * * IwonderdidaPolarbearhavean extranicedinner!Wasn'tClaudius silly!

Wherehavetheygoneto-thelittle girls, Withnaturalmannersandnatural curls, Wholovetheirdolliesandlikethetoys, Andtalkofsomethingbesidesthe boys?

LittleoldwomeninplentyIfind, Matureinmannersandoldofmind; Littleoldflirtswhotalkoftheir "beaus" Andviewitheachotherinstylish clothes.

Littleoldbelles,who,atnineandten, Aresickofpleasuresandtiredofmen, Wearyoftravel,ofball,offun, Andfindnonewthingsunderthesun.

Once,inthebeautifullongago, SomedearlittlechildrenIusedto know;

Oneofthemanywhere,sendhertome, Iwouldgiveamedalofpurestgold Tooneofthosedearlittlegirlsofold, Withaninnocentheartandanopen smile, Whoknowsnotthemeaningof"flirt" and"style."

SAINTSOFTHEHOLYCHILD

Don'tyouthinktheywouldbethe nicestcompanyatChristmastime? Saintswhohadspecialdevotiontothe InfantJesus,whohadseenHimin vision.FirstofallthereisthegloriousSt.Joseph.Whatwonderfuljoy hemusthavehadintheMidnight CavewhenOurLadybadehimcome andpraybeforetheNew-BornSaviour. Andthenthinkofallthelovelyyears hehadinthecompanyofthebeautiful Child. Thenthereisouroldfriend,St.Anthony-howwellweknowhimwith lilyandbook,andtheSweetChild whisperinginhisattentiveear,We shouldhardlyknowSt.AnthonywithouthisVision.ThereisalsoSt.Cajetan,whohadamostlovingdevotionto .heHolyInfant.Whenhewassay-ngMassoneChristmasmidnight,he wasseentobeembracingamostlove'ylittleChild,WhocamefromHeaven 'ntohisarms.Aswehavejustthe samejoy,althoughwecannotseeHim, everytimewereceiveHolyCommun. .on,weshouldaskSt.Cajetantohelp -istothankandpraisetheLittle Guestashehimselfdid.St.Jerome, SlessedCatherineofRaconigi,andthe LittleFlowerwerealldevotedtothe DivineChild.Littlechildren,too, whohavenotyetbeenmadesaints, werealsonotedfortheirdevotion,and amongthemareGuydeFontgalland, andMariaofPadua.

-Christmas

"MOREPIE,PLEASE..."

Howmanytimesthisrequestwillbe madeduringtheChristmasseason! LittleMary,awaydownattheendof thetable,willsayinamosthumble squeakyvoice:"Morepie,pleath, Mamma."Johnny,sittingcloseby, willcatchhismother'seye,andsay mostrespectfully:"Morepie,please, Mamma."Certainlydarling;butthis mustbethelast;youhavehadthree servingsalreadyremember,"Papa, whohasa"sweettooth,"willobtain hisextraservinginamorestrategic manner:"ThisISawonderfulpie!I havenevertastedanythinglikeit." "Really,Richard!Perhapsyouwould takealittlemore?""Thanks,dear." Andsoallgooneatingpie.

Therearemanysortsofpie.Apple pie,jampie,custardpie,plumpie, printer'spie,andhumblepie(which wehaveallsampledatonetimeor another!).Inourtimesweareaccustomedtoseeingsmallpies,butin oldentimes,ourancestorswouldsimplyhavelaughedhadtheyseenour pies!

AtChristmasitwasthecustomfor everygoodmothertoputalltheart thatsheknewintothecookingofthe Christmaspie,anditwasmadeina longdeepdishtorecallthemangerin whichtheHolyInfantwaslaid.In oneoldbookwereadthat:"Everyfamilymakesapie,afamouspie,against Christmas.Itisalearnedmixtureof cow'stongue,chicken,eggs,sugar, raisins,lemons,orangepeel,andvariouskindsofspices."JusttrytoimaginehowcontentallthelittleJack Homerssittingintheircornerswould havebeentopoketheirthumbsinto suchamagnificentmixture!ButI wanttogiveyouoneortwoexamples ofverydistinguishedpiesofwhicha recordhasrightlybeenpreservedin history. In1769,SirHenryGreywaspresentedwithaChristmaspiebyhishousekeeper,Mrs.DorothyPaterson.Into thispieshemanagedtoputtwo bushelsofflour;twentypoundsof butter,fourgeese,twoturkeys,two rabbits,fourwildducks,twowoodcocks,sixsnipes,fourpartridges,two cows'tongues,twocurlews,seven blackbirds,andsixpigeons.Itweighed168pounds,andwhenbeingserved, hadtobepushedaroundthefestive hoardfromoneguesttotheother! Thatwasa"baronialpie."Nowletme tellyouofa"royalpie."KingGeorge III.hadaverydearfriend,theEarlof Lonsdale.WhenChristmascamethe Earldecidedtogivehismonarcha Christmaspie.Andhedid.This piecontainedtwogeese,twotame ducks,twoturkeys,fourpigeons, twelvepartridges,twoguineapigs, threesnipes,threewater-hens,one wildgoose,fifteensparrows,twenty rabbits,twolarks,threethrushes,one legofveal,onlyhalfaham,and twentypoundsofbutter.Whenthe piewasready,twohorseswererequiredtodrawitthroughthestreetsof London.Wemaybesurethatwhen thepiewasopenedthebirdsbeganto sing,andwasn'tthatadaintydishto setbeforeaKing?-J.P.

AGIFTFORJESUS

IwouldgiveagifttoJesus WhenIgoonChristmasDay ToseeHimlying,InfantSaviour, Inthemangerstrewnwithhay.

SomethingsplendidforHisbirthday Likethegoldengiftofkings. ButwhatcanIofferJesus? Ihaveonlylittlethings.

KneelingtherebeforeHismanger Withmyhandsclaspedemptily, IcanpledgeagifttoJesusAllmylife,livedworthily.

-GertrudeHahn.

"Nothanks-I'mjustresisting!"

IFCHRISTWEREBORNTO=DAY

WoiddWe3-lave,RoomtoCriticisetheJews'?

theyseparatedandmadetheirdifferent waystotheport.TheCommissioner waitedawhile.Whennoreportwas forthcomingandnotbeingsurewho thebabewas,heorderedthemurder ofeverybabe,Thatshouldmakecertain.Butthewantedbabehadalreadybeentakenabroad.

Later-yearslater-thatbabecame backtohishometown,theonlyboy childofhisownage.

Manyyearslater-nowgrownto manhoodandheearnshislivingina smallcarpenter'sshop.Hebeginsto wanderaboutthecountrypreachinga newdoctrine,hesaysheistheMessiah.

9'

TotheJews:''HecameuntoHisown,butHis ownreceivedHimnot."

TotheGentiles:HasHereceivedamoreloyalwelcome?

TIIEREaremanymysteriesconnectedwiththatbirthina stableatBethlehem;intheit. onceofthenightaChildisbornand thatChildisManandGod;thatChild isbornofawoman,andthewoman remainsaVirgin;thatChildisGod Whohasexistedfromalleternity,yet nowinhumanformisbornintime. ThebirthofthatChildwaseagerly awaited;allthepropheciesforetoldthe mannerofHiscoming,yetwhenHe cameonlyafewpoorshepherdsheard thechoirsofangelsannouncetheglad tidings,andonlythreewisekingsin theeastattachedthetruesignificance totheheavenlyphenomenonwhichin allprobability,wasvisibletoall.

TheMysteryofGodmadeManis beyondhumancomprehension-we knowittobeafactbutthemanner ofitsbeinglieshidden.Wesome. timeswonderwhatwewoulddoifthe greateventoccurredto-day.Wouldwe acceptorrejeciChrist?Ifearthat weshouldbeastheJewsofthosefar offdays,unheeding,perhapsunworthy. Imaginethesceneasthoughittook placeto-dayinsomeindustrialtown inAustralia,Itisaholidayweek,the townisfullofvisitors,anoldishman withagirl-bridestepoffatraminthe centreofthetownandpauseamomentwonderingwhichwaytogo.The tramconductorseestheirhesitation andbeingafriendlysoulasksthereason.Theytellhimtheywantalodging.Well,thetownisprettyfull,but Mrs.SoandSomightbeabletooblige.

No,Mrs,SoandSo'shousewasfull, shesuggestedanother,wholikewise hadnoroom-andsofromhouseto house,fromstreettostreet,inthegatheringdusk.Rainbeginstofall,theman isworriedforthewomaniswithchild. Atthepolicestationtheygivehiman address,itisamileortwooutofthe town.Theytrudgeouttoit.No,the houseisalreadytoofull.Theman hasnoticedbackalongtheroadatumble-downfarmbuilding-wearilythey startback.

Thewomanlooksupwithabeautiful smileatherpatientspouse.Sheis notcomplairling-thoughwearyand footsoresheishappy-andthemanis lesswearybecauseofhersmile.

Thetumble-downbuildingisakind ofstableinwhichthebeastsofthe fieldmightshelteronsuchnightsas this.Initnowwereadonkeyanda cow,bothmunchingstrawthathad beenplacedinamangeragainstthe wall.

Inthestillutthenight,whilethe mansoughtdoctorandmidwifethe youngwomangavebirthtoaSon.

Thatnightawondrouscometappearedintheskies,seemingtorest overthatlittleindustrialtownfor hours;andpeopleheardasfroma neighbour'swirelesssetthemostbeautifulsingingeverheard.

Thenextdaymencameinfromthe farmandtoldofthebabethathad beenborn,amarvellouschildansweringallthedescriptionsofwhatthe ChosenofGodwastobe.Hewas bornofaVirginintheverytown wherehiscominghadbeenforetold. Formonthsawildlay-preacherhad beenstumpingaboutthecountryside announcingtheevent;nowtheserather boorishyokelscomewithafantastic storyofangelssingingandacuriousilluminationofastablewhereinababe wasborn.

Ofcourseitwasjustallcoincidence. FancytheMessiahbeingbornina stable,didyoueverhearsuchrubbish? Yes,itwasthatoddcouplethatcame alonglookingforroomsyesterdayafter. noon.Shewasverybeautiful.Was she?Shekeptherheadcoveredand hereyesdown-butreallywhenshe lookedupforamomentIwasstartled -shehadmarvellouseyes.Butthis talkofthebabebeingGodisrubbish.

Buttheshepherdswereinsistentand sotheaffairwasaninedays'wonder. Thenitwouldhavebeenforgottenhad anotherhappeningnotbroughtitforciblytomind.

WhenthebirthofthisChildtook placethiscountrywasunderthedominationofaforeignpower,apower whoseruthlessnesswaswellknownand feared.TheCommissioneroftherulingnationheardtherumoursandignoredthemuntilonedaysomeuniversityprofessorsfromanothercountry cametosaythattheyhadseenacomet intheskythatseemedtorestover thiscountry-andaccordingtosome oldlegendssuchacometwouldmark thebirthofagreatKing.Thisbabe theywishedtosee,theywantedto knowthecircumstancesofhisbirth. TheysoughtouttheCommissionerand askedforinformation.No,heknew nothing-buthebadethemcontinue withthesearchandtoreportonthe resultofit.

Assoonastheyhadgonehewireleasedtohismasterforinstructions. Killthechild.Butthephilosophers weresuspicious,andwhenallthree dreamtthesamedreaminwhicha voicesuggestedaquietreturnhome

Wouldyoubelievehim?Thinkback tohisbirth.Truetherewerestories, butafterallhewasborninastable, hisparentstoopooreventohaveproperbabyclothes.Theywerelucky tohavegoneawaybeforethatterribleslaughter.Andsomewould wonderifthismanhadbeenthecause oftheirownmisery,thatawfulsight ofadecapitatedchildleftonthekitchenfloor.

No,thatmancannotbewhathe claims;besides,theyargue,wearestill underthehandofthatterribletyrant whorobbedusofourlittleones.SurelytheMessiahistocomeandfreehis peoplefromservitudetotheforeigner, fromthisincessantextortionoftaxes, fromalltheserestrictions,fromthebullyingofthesesoldiersbilletedupon us.Lethimgetonwithhispreachingitprobablywillnotdoanyharm, hutonedayitwillgethimintotrouble.

Andindeeditdid.Hegathereda fewfollowers,buttheywereamixed lot;mostlyworkmen.Heseemedto holdthembysheerstrengthofcharacter.Butoddthatthoseuneducated fellowsshouldwanttobealwayswith him.Odd,too,howheseemedtobe sowelleducated,toknowallthelaw, thelegends,thesciencesand arts. Oddhowhealwayshadagentleand

Nowthemysteryofthelifestarted inthestable,livedinservitude,and endedignominiously,isthatitsurvived allthesethings.Worldlytrappings didnotcount.ThehandfulofilliteratesthatOurLordgatheredaround HimwentforthafterHisdeathand convertedtheworld.Withthe spreadofChristianityfreedomreally cametotheworld.Thecivilisation thatgrewupuponHisteachingwasa freecivilisation.Init,allmenwere equal,and,becausetheywereequal, slaverycouldnotexist.Gradually theowningofmenbymenwasabolished.Blackandwhite,backwardand cultured,unjustandjust,allhadcertainfundamentalrights.Thoserights wereinviolable;theycarriedwiththem duties.Respectofdutywastheclaim totheexerciseofrights.Neglectof dutymeanttheviolationofanother's rightswithconsequentsanctions,Those sanctionswerenotnecessarilyapplicablebyman,somewouldbeapplied onlybyGod.Neverthelesseachhad therighttodefendhisownright.

Inthefolliesofhumannatureques. tionsofrightsanddutieswerenotalwaysamicablysettled.Buttheycould havebeenifonlytherehadbeena clearrecognitionandapplicationofthe principles.Buthumanpridewastoo great-andtherecamearevoltagainst Christ.Theworldcouldnotreturnto thestateofethicalignorancethatformerlyreigned,butitcouldlosesightof someoftheprinciplesonwhichproperlyorderedsocietymustbebuilt, anditcouldanddidletlust,andgreed andcovetousnesstaketheplaceofjusticeandcharity.Withstartlingrapiditytheworldsankintoastateofindustrialslaveryfromwhichitisstill tryingtofreeitself.

Sofardidtheworldlosesightof Christianprinciplesthatman'srights weredeemedtobestate-giventhings, whichcouldbeabrogatedbythestate atwill.Butwhatisthisnebulous thing-theState?Whencedoesit

ThisisthetownofBethlehemwheretherewasnoroomintheinnsfor theHolyFamily.WouldPerthhavebeenmorealertorhospitable?

satisfyinganswerforthemostbrutal ofhecklers.Odd,too,howmensaid thathedidbewilderingthings,likea conjureronthestageorsomething. Therewasacuriousstoryofhowhe gavefoodtoagreatcrowdonakind ofpicnic,wheneverybodythought therewasnofoodavailable.Iexpect hehadafleetoflorrieswitheverything inreadinessjusthiddenroundthehillside.Youcannotalwaysbelievewhat youhear. Buthaveyouheardhe'sbeenarrested?Oh,yes,itisafact.Haveyou heardhe'sbeencondemned-hewillbe executedto-morrow.Willyougoto seeit?Iexpectso.

Andsoagreatmobturnedoutto seeapublicexecution.Hewasto diefortreason-thatwasthecharge. HedeniedtheauthorityoftheDicta. tor.Thatiswhatthepriestssaid.

Andthecountryisstillintheservitudeintowhichhewasbornjustthirtythreeyearsago.Hecannotbethe Messiah,fortheMessiahwouldhave savedus,hischosenpeople.

Thatisthestorythatbeganinthe stableatBethlehem.Thatwasthe lifethatsomanysaw.Placeitinthe contemporarysettingandwhatwould bethereactionofthepeopleofto-day? Whatshouldwedo? Whatwould youdo?Wouldyouacceptorreject Hisclaims?

deriveitspower?Thatisnotconsidered.Butinpracticeitmeansthata fewambitiousmenwhoforcethemselvestotheheadofaffairswieldunlimitedpoweroverthelivesoftheirfellowsandarbitrarilydeprivethose others-whoaretheirequals-ofeven therighttolife,oratleasttothe meansofsubsistence.

Theconceptoffreedomwhichhas beenoneofthechieffeaturesofChristiancivilisationwasderivedfromthat stablewhereinGodmadeHimselfthe equalofman,takingonthebodyofa babe,weakanddependentasareall otherbabes.Inthephysicalorder thatisperhapstherealmysteryof Christmas-thatababebornintoa peopleinservitudeshouldvetsetthe worldfree,Itisthatfreedomthatis inperilto-day,thefreedomthatisinnateinthedoctrineoftheequalityof men.WhenChristmasopenstheCrib letuslookuponthattinyChristand realisingthatHeisGodwemayresolvetoworkforthatoneendwhich willmeanreallastingpeaceamong nations-areestablishingoffreedom. Thatmeans,inpractice,areturntothe elementsofsocialjustice,thegivingto eachthemeansoflivingincontentmentandrearingafamilyindecent comfort.Peacewillcometothe worldonlythroughjustice:peacewill comeonlytomenofgoodwill.

AQUINASCOLLEGE MOUNTHENRY

ConductedbytheChristianBrothers ONEOFTHEASSOCIATEDPUBLICSCHOOLSOFW.A. FORBOARDERSANDDAYSTUDENTS.

'PHONES:MU1520;MU1862. Beautifullysituated,overlookingtheriver,neartheCanningBridge. ForParticularsapplytoTHEPRINCIPAL,AQUINASCOLLEGE,CANNINGPARADE,MT.HENRY.

BusesleavingPerthat8.30a.m.andtheCollegeat4p.m.,provideTransportforDayStudents.

4.1,4.04,11,INFVNMP 414....IV SOUTHDOWNDAIRY.

402CANNINGHIGHWAY, SOUTHPERTH. Tel.MU1601 W.J.FERRIDGE&SON, DAIRYMEN.

BottledMilkDeliveredifRequired. FreshandScaldedCream.

.4SO414'Als .11411N. +VV.4NI,04`.. I,41..14

NOTICETOPROPERTYOWNERS!

Youcan

AustraliaMustPreserveMarriage&FamilyLife

NationalDestinyBoundUpWithChildreninChristianHomes

IdealsforWhichOurSoldiers Fight

(For"TheRecord,"by

THEnoiseofmarchingmenstrikes ourears:manispreparingto slaughterhisfellowman.The worldisfullofunhappiness,confusion andstrife.Itspeoplearewearyand bewildered,andknownotwhereto turntoescapefromthewhirlpoolof disasterthatisgreedilysuckingthem inandpresentlythreatenstoengulf all.Somecryoutinhopelesstones thatGodhasturnedawayHisface fromtheearth,andthatChristhas forgottenHispromisetodrawall thingstoHimselfwhenliftedupon high.

BrotherhoodWithoutChrist. Godhasnotforgottentheearth.The truthisthattheearth'speoplehave forgottenGO,andnowmustreapthe

BILLSMITH.)

thechiefconcernoftheGodlesswasto pervertthechildren;theydroveGod andHissaintsfromtheschools,and initiatedthechildrenintothewaysof wickedness;and,mostdevilishstroke ofall,theystrucksavagelyatthat bulwarkofChristianity-thefamily. Marriage,theysaid,wasonlyatemporaryattachment;fidelitywasmockedasbeingunhygienic,unmodern,and unnecessary.Consequentlyparental interestinchildrenandtheirfuture wasdestroyed;thatis,theveryfoundationofsocietywasundermined.As goodsoldiersofChrist,letushastento strengthenthosevitalsectionsofour defencesthathavebeensofiercelyassailed,Wemustpledgeourselvesto thesupportofthefamily;forifthe

Toneaceandharmonyandhelpfulness andpurelove."

SoexaltedanopiniondoesHoly MotherChurchhaveofthisSacrament,thatShehasenshrineditinthe Mass:itisputonanequalfootingwith HolyOrders.FromthelatterHoly Churchdrawsbishopsandpriests;but therecruitinggroundfortheseissuppliedbyMatrimony.ThisSacrament givestohusbandandwifethegraceto bringupchildreninthefearandlove ofGod;itisthewonderfulfountain fromwhichflowsacontinuousstream ofdevoutsoulstoreinforceChrist's army.

PotentialitiesoftheHome.

Thinkofthewonderfulpossibilities oftheordinaryCatholichome: "Thesceneshallneverfit thedeed. Grotesquely wonders cometopass, Thefoolshallmountan Arabsteed, AndJesusrideuponan ass." Perhapsthatinfant,stainedwith thedirtofthekitchenfloor,mayyet gainamartyr's crown;orthat girl,washingpots andpansinthekitchensink,hold closecommunionwithGodbehinda convent'swall;oryonderboy,carryinginanarmfulcfwoodforhismother,

andbloodlessone,beingwagedat home;andwemustrealisethatthisis agrimandearneststruggle,forupon itsresultdependstheeternaldestiny ofanation'speople.

Thoughtsofthe

Mymindisechoingtothesoundof marchingmen,grimmen,silentmen, theirusualgaietysilencedbythefirst sharppangofseparation,bythe thought,theterriblethought,that theymightneverreturn.Youhave seenoursoldiersmarchingthrough ourstreets;yourpulsehasquickened tothedeepandstaccatonotesofthe drums;andperhapsforthefirsttime youhavefeltyourheartwithinyou bumpattherealisationthatyouare anAustralian.Perhapsyoulooked pasttherowsofsilentmarchingmen, andyoursoulwentmarchingonthe rhythmofmartialsoundtothenotdistantfuture,andsawtheseadmirablemendyinginagonyonrelentless desert,or,wrecksofhumanity,making anunglamorous,unwelcomedreturn.

TheHomeFront.

Areyoucontenttoletthemgowith afaintrippleofclapping,andthenforgetthemandtheirsacrifice?Willyou notwatchonehourwiththem?Will you,whiletheyaredoingaman'spart amidstthehorrorsofmodernwarfare,bewillingtopledgeyourhours ofrecreationandleisuretothecare ofthatcountryforwhichthey,brave men,arewillingtosufferandtodie? Surelythisisasmallreturntomake, Surelyyouoweittothem.

flieyFight inForeign Fields

fruitoftheirownsowingandeatitin bitternessofeart.Likechildren scorningthelEviceofwiseparents, theysoughttoestablishauniversal brotherhoodwithoutfirstseeking Divineguidance,Now,inrailing againstGod'sseemingnegligence,they forgetthatChriststressedmostemphaticallythatweshallnotreceiveunlessfirstweaskmostearnestly:"Ask andyoushallreceive;seekandyou shallfind,knockanditshallbeopeneduntoyou."Theydidnotask,nor seek,norknock;so,insteadofuniversalbrotherhood,wehaveuniversal hatred,nationrisingagainstnation.

Thereisbutonecureforourpresent ills:Wemustturninhumblepenitence toChristOurSaviour.Letuscryout inthewordsofChesterton:

"0,Godofearthandaltar, Bowdownandhearourcry, Ourearthlyrulersfalter, Ourpeopledriftanddie." NeedofHumility.

Inordertoachieveanythinglike universalbrotherhood,theremustbe auniversalturningtoChrist;wemust putawayourprideandbecomeagain aslittlechildren,askingofourHeavenlyFatherallthatweneedforboth bodyandsoul.WehaveChrist'spromisethatweshallnotberefused:"If youasktheFatheranythinginMy name,Hewillgiveityou."

AsAustralians,wemustthinkfirst ofestablishingthespiritofbrotherhood inourowncountry.Howarewe goingtomakeAustraliaaChristian nation?

DefendingtheFamily.

Weshouldnotfailtoprofitbythe tacticsoftheenemiesofGod.InSpain, inMexico,inRussia,wehaveseenthat

71-14T

familyisChristiantheStatewillbe Christian.

TheHeartofaChild.

Atnootherperiodoflifeareweso impressionableasinchildhood.Have youeverpausedtowatchayoung babywhoisjustentering,withgreat earnestness,thegreatgameoflife? Hehasbutrecentlygotuponhisfeet; andnow,whereverhegoes,beitaround thewoodheap,betweenthedoorstep andtheground,orunderneaththebed, hestumblesuponadventure.Everythingisnewandwonderfullyinteresting;everythingimpresseshimtremendously.Lookupfromtieingyour shoelace,andyouwillfindhimgazing atyou,large-eyedandwondering,marvellingatthefeatthatyouhavejust performed.

DutyofParents,

Thistremendousinterestthatthe babeextendssoimpartiallytoallobjectsofhisexperienceimposesa weightyresponsibilityontheparents.

Itistheirdutytoseethatheencountersallthatisgoodandpiousand likely,fromhisearliestconsciousmoments,towinghisthoughtsheavenwards;likewiseitistheirdutyto shieldhimfromanythingthatisliable tosullythepurityofhisinnocentsoul. Hisneedforbrothersandsisters,in orderthathemaybepractisedinthe essentialvirtueofcharity,is,ofcourse, obvious.

GreatDignityofMarriage, Godhasrecognisedtheheavyresponsibilityofparents,andinorder thattheymaydischargetheirduties faithfully,HehasgiventhemtheSacramentofMatrimony: "Somethingwithwhichtoconsecrate ahome

571CSCcMcly51111'1Ve

standatthealtarofGodandraisein anointedfingershiscrucifiedSaviour. Buthowmuchdependsonthepietyof theparents,particularlyofthemother. Howmanyasaintinheavenoweshis sanctitytotheprayersandguidance ofhismother.

TheFightIsForTheChildren. Thereis,then,smallneedtowonderthatChrist'senemieshavemade suchdeterminedattacksonmarriage andfamilylife.HolyChurch,inHer defenceofthese,isthinkingprimarily ofthechildret,.ndtheirneedofright trainingduringtheirimpressionable years:theridiculersofmatrimonyare alsothinkingofthechildren,butonly thattheymaycompasstheirruin. Daily,inthepress,inthefilms,onthe radio,theirattackgoeson.Itisour dutyasCatholicstomeetthisattack; weoweitbothtoGodandtoourcountrytofightindefenceofmarriageand familylife.Weshouldnotbecome soengrossedinthewaroverseasasto f,--ctthatthereisalsoawar,asilert

Nexttimeyoupressamongstthe eager,anxiousthrongtoscanthosesilentmovingfaces,turnyoureyesto Christuponthehill,andpromisethat, althoughitmaynotheforyoutogrip therifleandbayonetandengagein mortalcombat,youwillbeonewith theminspiritandwillbeasgenerous inlabouringforyourcountry'sgoodat homeastheyareinstrangelands acrosstheseas.

ToRegenerateAustralia. Thebloodthatisbeingspiltbyour fellowAustraliansindistantbattlefieldsmustnotbespiltinvain.Let uspraythatitmaybereceivedbythe AlmightyinunionwiththatBlood shedbyHisdyingSononCalvary. WewantaregeneratedAustraliato risefromthissadsceneofslaughter, anAustraliapermeatedwithChristian principles.WewantanAustralia whoseCaptainisChrist,andwhose peoplepaytoHimtheallegiancethat isHisdue,notonlyinword,butin (1,,dandintruth.

Goo'sTroubabourMaxSocialStability anbOuilisationReflourieljinEurope

HowFrancisRestoredtheSpiritofBethlehem

ONCEagaintheweaknessofkingship thedespotismofdictatorship theshallownessof materialphilosophy havedisillusionedandconfusedthemasses.A war-monopolisedgenerationlooksinto anunpromisingfutureinawfulanticipation.

Inthepast,whenreligiousandpoliticalstormsconvulsedtheuniverse,the CatholicChurchretainedherimperturbableequilibriumandclarityofvision, To-daysheisanimpermanentworld's "solitaryboast."

Ifmankindhasnotdonefulljustice totheChurch'sleadership,itisbecausethejargonofhellhascaptured theimaginationofapeopleperverted byheresies.Conscientiousresearchers proclaimthatourpresent-dayevilsfind theirrootsinthediddleAges.Paradoxicallyenough,wemustthumbthe pagesofhistorybacktotheMiddle AgestolearnanewthelessonofChrist thewayoflife thealphabetof socialreform.

PopeLeoXIII,visionaryandmaster ofencyclicals,wrotethesewordsin

"Francis(ofAssisi)undertookto placebeforetheeyesofadecrepit worldtheimageoftheChristian idealandmadedomesticpeace,integrityofmorals,publictranquillity,the legitimateuseofprivatefortune,all thosethingswhicharethebestfoundationofsocialstabilityandcivilisationreflourishinEurope."

LeoXIII.sawintheFranciscanideal thewayofChrist,and,therefore,the perfectlife,HesawintheThird OrderofSt.Francisthemedium throughwhichtheChurchcouldpromulgateitssocialteachings spread itsmessagetotheworkingman issueitswarningtothesceptic.The ThirdOrderofSt.FrancisinPerthhas, overthepastfewweeks,endeavoured tofocusthespiritualsearchlighton thatgreatmediaevalfigure,Francis, prayingthatoutofknowledgewould bebornthedesiretoimitate. EarlyinhislifeFrancisfellintothe musingsofthepoetandphilosopher. ThesolitudeofAssisi'shillswasfood tohissearchingnature.Fromhissecludedheighthelookedoutuponthe luxuriantbeautyofhisItaly watchedthereptilesgambolunmolestedin thesun heardtheeffortlesssongs ofthebirdsandmarvelledattheendlessvistasofvinelandsfromwhence camethewineforman.Inhismore exaltedmeditationsthebarriersoftime anddistancewouldvanish.Hesaw strange,far-offhills,grey-greenwith olivetrees.ThereAsAManinagony inagarden aCross andafew howveryfew!gatheredbeneathit. Hesawbeyondthispeacefuldistance theworldofmen learned,butnot wise wherehe,too,hadrolesto play...thesoldier thetroubadour themerchant.HesawthepowersofGoodandEviltearingmen asunder.Jerkedoutofhisday-dreams bytherealitiesoflife,hefoundhimselfinthethroesofamonstrousstruggle.ThemoralofCalvarywaschallengingtheextravagantfanciesofa youngman'sheart.Couldhedareto bedifferent?

Twelvecenturieshadpassedsince Jesus,theSonofMary,wasbornin thestableatBethlehem,sincetheunknownCarpenterofNazarethhadbeguntodrawmantoHimbythemagnetismofhispersonality.Fascinated theyhadflockedaroundHim listenedtohiswordsofwisdom followedHimthroughatriumphantpubliclife then,shouting,goadedHim toacriminal'sdeath.Onlyafew hadunderstoodHisprodigiousinfluence.Tothemob,HewasanextraordinaryManwhohaddaredtobe different.Hepassedoutoftheir world.TheyknewHimnot.

Smallwonderif,whenmeditatingon themissionofChrist,Francistrembled,ashecontemplatedasublimeimitation. Therefollowedaninnerstruggle aseveringofthefettersthatbound himtoasuperficial,butgayandpleasantlife.Thencametheconquest. Themanofpopularacclaimwalked outofAssisi'shighwayandtookthe

THIRDORDERSPREADSCHURCH'S SOCIALTEACHING

(ByK,NIcDONNELL,for"TheRecord.")

iContrastindieChristmasSpirit

SMILE,PLEASE GOODCHRISTIANMEN,REJOICE

lonelyroad.ConfidentthattheCreatoroftheuniverseWhoclotl.edthe liliesofthefield fedthebeasts nourishedtheearth wouldcount himamongthelittlethingsthatneededHisprotection,hestrodeintothe broad,freeworld,askingthisDivine hospitality.

Time changesandeventshadwroughtmany intheChristianworld a worldthoughwillinginthespirit,was weakintheflesh.Manywerewalking theforbiddenpathway thespirit ofChristseemeddeadwithinthehearts ofmen.Francis,seeingthedevilish invasionthathadpenetratedeveninto thesanctuaryoftheChurch,beganhis mission,Faithfullyfollowingthe stepsofhisMaster,hechoseashis raimentahome-spunhabit.Hisjoys werethesimplejoyswhichthethings abouthimoffered.Hiscompanywas byturnthebirdsofthewildernessand thecrowdsthatweregatheringtohear hismessageofthewayoflifeandthe eternaltruths.Then,onebyone, mendrewnearertohimandembraced himastheirleaderanddeliverer.Thus begantheFranciscanway.ItbroadenedanditsinfluenceontheCatholic andpoliticalworldofthattimewas incalculable.

Toeverygenerationithasbrought itsblessingandAssisi'ssaintmustlook downinprideandwonderment,forto hismonasteryonthehillcomehissons fromdarkAfrica,China,Japan,America,Australia,andallthecountriesof theworld,seekingtheinspirationthat willenablethemtocarrythefaithto theChurch'soutposts,andtobethe worthycustodiansofthesacredrelics oftheHolyLand.

ItisoneofthegreatsorrowsofProtestantisedlands,thatthebrownrobes andsandalledfeetoftheFranciscan Friarsarenolongerafamiliarsighton citystreets.Itisoneofthedelights ofatraveller,settingfootonItalian soilforthefirsttime,toseethesons ofFrancispassingandrepassinginthe crowds,carryingwiththemtheeternal benedictionoftheirfather.

IntotheincongrousscheduleofcurrenteventscomestheFeastofChristmas,withitsmessageof"Peaceon earthtomenofgoodwill."Howincompatiblewiththerhythmofthe timesistheringoftheage-oldgreeting.Buttraditiondieshard,Even thecynicalanddisillusionedmustreacttothespelloftheyear'smostjoyfulday.Forafewbriefhoursaturbulentworldwillbehushed.Backto man'stiredmemorywillcomethoughts bitter-sweet..buttheprimary significanceoftheoccasionwillnotbe lost.

Francis,thebrotheroftheworld, willbeabroadupontheearth restoringtheChristmasCrib inspiring theChristmascarols retellingthe storyofBethlehem.Tothosewho willheed willcomePeace for thisthingcalledPeaceisnotthewaltztimebetweenwars,whenthesecurity ofthefewispurchasedbytheanxiety ofthemany whenthetyrannyof themightyoverthrowstheresistance oftheweak.Theperfectpeaceisthe peaceoftheheartand,"asaman thinksinhisheartsoheis."Itisthe satisfyinggiftthatthelawsofGodand mangivetothejust,thegenerous,and thekindofheart anditsstimulatingwarmthgladdenstheworldaround it.

ThepovertyofindustrialCapitalism haslargelyrobbedthecommonpeople ofthepowerofrejoicingatChrist's Birth,whichanimatedtheAgesof Faith.

"Christiancaptives,sickandsunless,all alabouringracerepines. Likearaceinsunkencities,likea nationinthemines, Theyarelostlikeslavesthatswat,and intheskiesofmorninghung Thestair-waysofthetallestgodswhen tyrannywasyoung."

TheMiddleAges,foralltheirsound socialorganisation,hadtheirshareof poverty.Butitwascotmarkedby hopelessnessanddepressionlikethe modernproduct.

"Hungerishardandtimeistough, Butblessthebeggarsandkissthe kings;

Forhopehasbrokentheheartofthings

Andnothingwaseverpraisedenough."

M1158

"Francis,thebrotheroftheworld,willbeabroadupontheearth restoringtheChristmasCrib,inspiringtheChristmascarols,'and retellingthestoryofBethlehem."

'WENEED,c,4NEWTYPECr CAMICLICo4RT

ItMustAppealtoIntellectasWellasSense

LOWSTANDARDOFPRESENT-DAYCHURCHART

(ByENIDFORRESTAL.

"Freshnessandvigourofthereligious spiritisexpressed"inworksofold Masters,asinRaffael's'Madonna dellagedia"(above).

Christianphilosophershavealwaystaughtdu,' manhastwonatures,spiritualandphysical,bothof whichneedtobefullydeveloped.Thetrendof19th. centurythought,however,deniedthatmanhada spiritualnatureandinsistedthatmaterialsuccess shouldbetheaimoflife.Themajorityofpeopletodayhaveinheritedthelegacyof19th,centurymaterialism,andacceptthegrindingtoilofindustriallife asinevitable,butseektoescapefromitthrough pleasurewhichappealstothesenses,butwhich neglecttheintellect.Art,ontheotherhand,appeals tcthewholeofman.Theartistfeelsmoreintensely thanmostpeople,anddesirestocommunicateto othersthefruitofhispenetration.Inexpressinghis ideasheappealsthroughthesensesofthespectator tohisintellect.AccordingtoAquinas,itisbyintelligentcontemplationofaworkofArtthatBeauty givespleasure.Theartistseekstorepresenttheuniversalinlife-thepermanentratherthanchanging values.ArttakesitsriseinNature,butmusttranscenditfortheartistcannothopetoreproduce Natureasawhole.Imitationmeansthedegradation ofArt.Theaimshouldbetocondensethegreatest possiblesuggestionoftherealformintothesimplest andmosteasilyapprehendedline.

ModernArt,howevermuchwemaydisapproveof someofit,isre-actingagainsttheostentationand vulgarityof19th.centuryart,whichexpressedso wellthemoralevilsoftheage.Take,forinstance, surrealism,whichisanattempttodissociateideas fromtheirusualobjectiveforms,Itseems,however, tohegoingtoofarinthatdirectionandtendstodeny objectivevaluesallegether.Saneartmustadm:t boththeobjecti1C:andsubjective;significance shoulddominateform,butitmustnotbewithout form.

InanarticlepublishedintheGrailMagazine, EricGillsaysthateveryartistisapropagandist. Manyofthemodernartcriticswouldscoffatthis Wehave,nevertheless,onlytothinkforamomentto realisethattheartistexpressessomethinginwhich hebelieves.Itmaybehiscriticismoftheprevailingsocialorderoracceptanceofitbypanderingto thetastesofthebourgeoisieasdidtheDutchgenre

TheprecisethingwhichmakesantiSemitismisnotcriticismofsome Jews,butcriticismofallJewsandpreciselybecausetheyareJews.Itwould not,therefore,beanti-Semitictosay thatmanyJewsareCommunistsand thatwemustthereforevigorouslyopposethem;forthesamestatement mightbemadeofmanyredheadsor manyinsomniacs.Again,itwouldbetraynoprejudiceifoneshouldsaythat manyJewsarecharacterisedbyaninordinateloveofmoneyandbydevotion tothetenetsofourpresentlaissezfairecapitalism;for,afterall,thesame statementmightbemadeofagreat manyAustralians.Itwouldnotbe anti-SemitictosaythatsomeJewsare unclean,unrefinedandvulgar,because, ofcourse,thesamethingmightbesaid ofanyraceornationalitywhichnumbersslumdwellersamongitsmembers. Nofair-mindedJewwillobjectto criticismofmembersofhisrace,or groupswithinhisrace,fortheiractual faults.Infact,heprobablyfeelsthe samedisgust,nomoreandnoless,in regardtotheseJewsthatnon-Jews feel.Aslongastheordinarypre-

paintersofthe17th.century,andFrenchpaintersafter theRevolution;oritmaybehisbeliefinthenecessityforthepredominanceofformalrelationsina workofartovertheemotive.Howeverunconsciouslyhedoesthis,itisevidentthatheisshowinghis preferenceforonethingratherthananother.The Catholicartisthas,therefore,tobecarefulthathe contributesnothingtothebuttressingofwhathedoes notbelievein.Apartfromthisnegativeaspect,the artistcanbeintenselyCatholic,andthatiswhatis neededto-day, TheprimaryendofallartistoexpressBeauty, hutwheretheartistordainshisworktohigherends inthefurtheringofreligionanddevotion,itistaken outofthesphereofPureArtandbecomesReligious

liclife,withoutwhichthedevelopmentofanewreligousartisimpossible.ACatholicartistcannot expressreligiousidealsifhedoesnotbelieveinthem, forarti,anenlargementofexperience.

Whil,therehavebeenfewgoodreligiousartists duringthepast300years,wehavenotsufferedfroma dearthof''holypictures,"whichhavebeenproduced inmillionsforpopularconsumption.Over-decorated andhighlycoloured,thesepicturesarenottrueArt. Theirappealisentirelytothesenses.Theypander tothepioussentimentalityoftheemotional;theydemandnouseoftheintellect.

ReligiousArtshouldreconciletheactualandthe universal,notmerelyportraytheactual.Itmust presenteventsasscenesofeverydaylife,yetmust makethemrepresentauniversalidea.Theelement ofsymbolismisofgreatimportance,andtheremust beharmonyofform,colourandsubject.

ItmustnotbesupposedbecausethebestMediaevalartistsachievedperfectsynthesisintheirwork that.theirstyleistheonlygoodoneandshould, therefore,beimitated.Itisjustasfataltoartto copytheoldMastersastocopyNature.

Aperfectexampleofthetendencytotransplant Mediaevalartintothemodernworldisthebuilding

HolyPictureArt,"over-decorated andhighlycoloured...appealentirely tothesenses."

Art,Artinreligionisnotmerelytobrightenit,but isatrueexpressionofreligion.Butevenpureart, althoughitdoesnotservemorality,cannotentirely bedivorcedfromit;itmustsubmittomoralcriticism;itcannotignorelife,whichisbasedonmoral laws.Artisnotstultifiedbythisyokingwithreligionassomecriticswouldhaveusbelieve.\\'ehave onlytoturntotheworksofFraAngelico,Giottoand Raffael,tonameonlyafewofthegreatMediaevalreligiousartists.Itwasthefreshnessandvigourof thereligiousspiritexpressedintheirworkswhich madethemgreat.TheirliveswereintenselyChristian,afactwhichwasreflectedintheirart.The Mediaevalartistsviewedlifeasasystematicwhole, astypifiedbyLeonardodaVinci,andmodernreligi ousartmustreturntothisifitistobesuccessful. AftertheRenaissance,thisviewlostfavouramong the"progressives"whobelievedthatthepolitical, socialandmoralspheresshouldbeindependent,with noinfluenceoneachother.Thismeantthedecline ,,freligiousart,whichmustalwaysexpressthewhole oflife. Therehavebeenfewreligiousartistssincethe MiddleAges.Thosewhohaveproducedgreatworks havebeenisolatedinstances-likeElGreco.Itwould seemthatthegreatschoolsofreligiousarthavegone forever.Theposition,however,isnotentirelyhopeless.Truethemassofpeoplehavebecomealmost thoroughlysecularised,buttherearestirringswhich chowthatmaterialismisbeginningtoherecognised asinsufficient.CatholicActionisrevitalisingCatho-

AMadonnabythelateEricGill,who didmuchtoremovethevenalfrom religiousart.

ofpseudoGothiccathedrals.TheearlyGothiccathedrals,theculminationofMediaevalartinWestern Europe,weremirrorsofthereligious,scientificand moralconceptsoftheChristianworld.To-dayadvancesinengineeringskillhaverenderedunnecessary muchoftheGothicstyle,Weneedanewsynthesis ofmodernCatholicism,whichtakesintoaccount present-dayconditions,knowledge,climate.But untilthereisaresurgenceoftheChristianlifeitis impossible.Thereareinstancesofisolatedartists whohavedonemuchtoremovethevenalfromreligiousart,notablyEricGill.AndinAustralia,wood cutspublishedinthe"CatholicWorker"areawelcomesignofanewdevelopment,which,however,is notsufficientlywidespread.

ThelaityandclergyoftheChurchhavealways beenpatronsofArt,andareinagoodpositionnow togivealeadtotheencouragementofanewCatholicArt.Iftheyfailitwillnotonlybeagreatblow toart,butalsotoreligion.

Anti-SemitismisStupidandUnjust

ceptsofcharityandjusticeareobserved,wearequiteasfreetocriticise Jewsasthemembersofanyotherrace orclass.Todosoisnottobeanti.

Semitic. Thecalumnybeginswhenweascribe thesefaults,nottothoseJewswho areactuallyguiltyofthem,buttoall Jews.Itisacalumny,forexample, tosaythatJewsingeneralareCommunists,thatJewsingeneralarevuI gar,oravaricious.Thesestatements areslanderousbecausetheysimplyare notso.ThemostelementaryobservationisenoughtoshowanyfairmindedinquirerthatJewsdifferjust aewidelyamongthemselvesasdo Frenchmen,orblondes,ortennisplayers.Therearestupidandignorant Jews,andtherearegeniuseslikeEinstein.TherearevulgarJews,and therearegreatmusicianslikeMendelssohn.ThereareavariciousJews,and thereareJewsofextraordinarygenero-

sity.Thisbeingthecase,itisjustas stupidandunfairtosaythatallJews areCommunistsastosaythatalldeaf menareCommunists.

Sometimesthecalumnytakesamore subtleform.Thecalumniatordoesnot speak,butmerelyimplies,hislie,He recountssomediscreditablefactabout anindividual,andthenadds:"But,of course,heisaJew,sowhatcouldyou expect?"Herenothingisstated;but agreatdealisimplied.Itisimplied, infact,thatallJewshavetheodious characteristicinquestion.Evenwhen onesays,forexample,"Idon'tliketo gotosuchandsuchabeachresort; therearetoomanyJewsthere,"itis animpliedslander;foronethusimpliesthatJews,bytheveryfactof beingJews,aredisagreeablecompanions,Ifoneshouldsay,"Idon'tlike theparticulartypeofpersonwhogoes tothisresort,"oreven"Idon'tlike theparticulartypeofJewwhogoesto

thisresort,"thenitwouldbeanother matter.Onewouldnot,then,beimplyingalieagainstthewholerace.Unfortunately,however,anti-Semitesdo notmakethesedistinctions.They thriveoninnuendoandindirection. Oftenwithoutmakingasingleexplicit statementtowhichonemighttakeexception,theymanagetospewforth thevenomoftheirsinfulprejudice.

Catholicsoughttobeturnedagainst anti-Semitismnotonlybythelogicof justice,butalsobycertaincogentreasonsofloyalty.Forassoonasone statesorimpliesthatallJews,bythe veryfactofbeingJews,areidious, thenoneautomaticallyincludesinthat generalisationagreatmanysacred nameswhichwe,asCatholics,must holdinveneration,namesmadefamiliarbytheNewTestament. Wemustbevividlyconscious,therefore,thatwheneverapersonslanders Jewsingeneral,andnotlustparticular Jews,onenecessarilyslanders,among others,OurBlessedLady.Forthe QueenofHeavenwasaJewishgirl. Anystatementmadeagainstherrace ismadealsoagainsther-"TheCatholicLadies'Journal."

AustraliaRemainsNon-CatholicBecauseofthe FailureofCatholics

DOYOUWANTOURCOUNTRYCONVERTED TOTHECHURCH?

THEStarofBethlehemisshining inthesky,anditsradiant beams,lightingtheinteriorof apoorstable,falluponaBabewrappedinswaddlingclothes.Nestling inthestrawofamanger,Helieswith eyesopenandpeaceportrayedonHis face;for,justnow,shepherdscameto adoreHim,andthisisahappyaugury fortheredemptionoftheworldso latelybegun.Beneaththisfragileexterioristheall-embracingandchange. lessknowledgeofGod.Ifwemay saysuchathing,theworldisinreview,andamongthenationsisonefar, southernlandoverwhichgleamsa brilliantandstarryconstellationthat hassincebecomeitssymbol.Itis Australia.

RedemptionofAustralia.

Whenwe,humanbeings,directour mindstoconsider,wethinkofthings asinthepast;ashappeningnow,or asbeinginthefuture.But,tothe eternalandinfiniteIntelligence,which isGod,allthingsarepresent,andthere isnopastorfuture.Alltheworld, andwithitAustralia,waspresentto ChristonthatfirstChristmasnightalltheworldasithadbeenbefore Christ,asitwaswhenChristcame,as itisnow,andasitwillbeinthefuture totheendoftime.Andtheworkof redeemingtheworld-Christ'smost urgentconcern-waspresentalso.Australia,andtheworkofredemptionin Australia,wasthere,asithasbeen,as itis,andasitwillbeinyearsyet tocome.

ForeknowledgeofGod.

Onthatmemorablenight, Christwasborn,therewaspresentto HimthefirstMasseverofferedonAustraliansoil.InChrist'seternalknowledge,theearlystrugglesagainsthardshipswereenacted,asitwere.Politicalprisonersweregatheringaround theirfellowprisonersintheconvict gaolsofSydneyandrenewingtheSacrificeofCalvary;humblepeoplewere comingtothehouseofMr.Davisto adoreHimselfintheBlessedSacrament;heroicpriestswerelabouringto tendaparish,theboundariesofwhich weretheboundaries(.heContinent.

HalcyonDays.

Happiertimeswerethere,too;the ChurchinAustraliaasitisto-day, withtheachievementsofwhichweare sojustlyproud.Greatcathedrals werestandingineverycapitalcity,and handsomechurchesthroughoutthe country-side.OnSundays,andeven daily,largecrowdsofpeoplewerea.: knowledgingtheirGod,unitingwith therenewaloftheSacrificeofRedemption.CoWnuousadorationof theBlessedSacramentwasbeingmaintained.Menandwomen,nourished withtheBreadofSupernaturalLife, werelivingasGodwishesthemtolive. Schools,hospitals,institutionsofall kinds,werebreathing,everywhere,the spiritofChristlivingamongstus. Australia,beautifullandofours,you wereajoytothe!TeartofJesuson thatnightlongago.

DarknessAround.

But,ifthefuture,which,also,was knownimmediatelybyChrist,held nothingmorethanthis,thenthatjoy wasnotunmixedwithsadness.There ismuchinAustraliato-daythatwould havebeenasorrowtoChristthat night.Overthegreaterpartofthe nationthereliesthedarkshadowof thatwhichisChristianonlyinname. Itisformedofapolyglotmass.Some therearewhoareactivelyatheistic; othersregardreligionwithkindlyindifferenceassomethinggoodforthose whocareforsuchthings,butonecan beadecentfellowwithoutit;and, atanyrate,allroadsleadthesame way,OthersvenerateGodasavenerableoldgentlemenwhoneverwould bsocruelastocreateahell,forexample.

ReligiousHelplessness.

Ofthosewhoattendpublicworship, manygo,lesstoadoreGod,thanfor thepsychologicalexperience,which theyhopetoenjoy.Sheepwithout shepherds,theygofrompastureto pasture,pickinghereandtherewhat, atthetime,theythinkmusthetrue, becausetheyfeelthatitisright.One couldeasilyimaginethemlookingto

ChristKnewOurDestinyAtBethlehem

(For"TheRecord"byJB

usandcryingwithJobinhismisery: "Havepityonme!havepityonme! Atleastyou,myfriends"(Job,19,21), but,alas!theyhavenotthelightto understandtheirownpitifulcondition. ThesadconsequencesofthisnominalChristianity,which,objectively,is soinimicaltoChrist,areseenaround

Christ,whileonearth,foundedavisiblesocietyandmademembershipof thissocietythemeansofsalvationfor men.ByofferingHimselfapleasing sacrificetotheFather,Heredeemed mankindfromsinandmeritedman's elevationtothesupernaturalorderandultimatelyhiseternalblissinheaven-whichhadbeenlostbysin.As

butinAustraliafivemillionofour countrymenarelivingoutsideitsfold.

RequisitesofConversion.

We,whoareprivilegedtobelongto theonetrueChurch,haveagreatresponsibilitywhichwemustnotshirk. Theonusisonustobringothersunder itsbeneficentsway.Wecouldnot practicegreatercharitytowards fellow-menthanbyworkingtomake themCatholics.And,forsuccessin thisgloriousundertaking,manythings arenecessary.Weneedmorepriests; weneedmorenuns,SistersandBrothers;weneedzealouslayapostles; but,aboveall,weneedprayerand goodexamplefromeveryone,

AQuestionofMethod.

Whatwemaycallpracticalmeans forspreadingtheFaith-forintroducingpeopletotheChurch,andmaking massconversions-areforeversuggestingthemselves,andallareequallyimpracticalunlessthosewhousethemare filledwithsanctifyinggraceandare therebymadefitinstrumentsofGod's work.Inordertointroducepeople toChristianity,St.PeterandSt.Paul werenevermastersofacircus,nordid theyorganisethegamesatCorinth. TheyspreadtheFaith,becausethey werefilledwiththeHolySpirit,Who alonecouldmakethesemeanspractical.Whenwe,too,areprayerful andholyapostles,weshallemploy thosemeasureswithinourownparticularsphere,whicharesuggestedby theSpiritofGod.

FaithThroughPrayer.

DoYouWantaCatliolkAnstralia?

usinpeopledeifyinglibertyandgropingforideals,intheirunconsciousnessofsin,inopenimmorality,insocialandallkindsofinjustice,inracesuicide,inthe-good-time"maniain legaliseddivorce.Andtheseinfectiousevilss'owlypenetrateourown ranks.

RedemptionIncomplete.

If,inthatnighttwothousandyears age.,therewaspn:_enttotheDivine IntelligencenomorethantheChurch, asitisinAustraliato-day,thenthe joyatwhathasbeenaccomplished wouldbemingledwithdisappointment. TheextensionofChrist'sredeeming workwouldbeseenasfarfromcomplete.

Maywehope,perhaps,thatthe futureofAustralia,asitwasintheinfiniteprevisionofGod,wassomething betterthanthis?Wemay.Hoping thatAustraliasomedaymaybetruly andwhollyChristianisnotwishful dreaming.Itiswithintheboundsof possibility-withtheeverabundant helpofGod-itisinthepowerofmen toeffect;anditwasforthisthatAlmightyGodassumedhumannature, liveduponearth,suffered,andfinally diedtheignominiousdeathofacriminal.

AustraliansCanShapeDestiny.

Ifweentertainthishope,andwould seeitrealised,wemustpreparetodo ourpart,forGod'sforeknowledgedoes notdeterminethefuture.Whenwe standwatchingamancrossthestreet, itishappening,andourknowledge neithermakesnorpreventsthiscrossing.Similarly,ifthereispresentto GodafutureAustraliawhereallAustraliansacknowledgeHim worship Himinspiritandintruth,wherejusticeandcharityprevail,wherefamily lifeisreverencedandmadethebasis ofsociety,whereallmenreceiveand enjoythefruitsofredemption,God,as itwere,seesithappening,andHis knowledgeneithermakesnorprevents it.ItishappeningbecausemenunderstandtheIncarnation,co-operate withthehelpofGod,andstrivetoextendtheChurch,whichChristfounded tocontinueHisredemptivework.

OneTrueChurch.

Thecruxofthematterisinthis:

wellasit, thisgreatsacrificeHe didstinkflingelse.IlefoundedHis t:urchto,bringthefruitsofredempti,:ntoallmeninallages,Hetrain(..1twelvemeninHisspiritanddoctrine:totheleaderoftheseHegave 11,,keysofthekingdomofheaven Matt.16,19);toallHegavethecommandtoteach,sanctify,andspirituallyruleallnations(Matt.28,19,20)He promisedtobewiththemalways (Matt.28,201. InthiswaytheCatholicChurchwashorn.Ithasbeen carryingonChrist'sworkeversince,

TheFaithisagiftfromGod,andthe bestwaytoobtainitisbyasking. Convertsmustaskforthisgift,which weobtainedsoeasilyandgratuitously. Andiftheydonotknowtoaskfor themselves,weshouldaskontheir behalf.Beginto-day,Makeyour exampleashininglighttoall,andpray dailyandmanytimesaday-

"0God,WhohastappointedMary, HelpofChristians,St.FrancisXavier, andSt.TeresaoftheInfantJesusPatronsofAustralia,grantthatthrough theirintercessionourbrethrenoutside theChurchmayreceivethelightof faith,sothatAustraliamaybecome oneinfaithunderoneShepherd. ThroughJesusChrist,OurLord. Amen."

Mary,HelpofChristians,prayforus. St.FrancisXavier,prayforus. St.TeresaoftheInfantJesus,pray forus,

GLORIOUSDAHLIAS

LISTEDAMONGOUR1942DAHLIASARETHEFOL.LOWINGNEWANDBEAUTIFULVARIETIES:-

*A.E.HEIL-Verylarge,richpurpletype,uprightstems.2/6.

*BEAUNUANCE.-Exhibitionbloi,m.Lovelyshadeofsalmon-apricot. 36.

*BIGFOUR.-Large,splendidexhibitiontype,stiffstems,paleapricotsalmon.8/6.

*CARLG.DANL.-Huge12-inchbloomofapricotbuff,witholdrose reverse.3/6.

*CENTUR.A.-Canaryyellowofgreatsize.1/6.

*CROYDONLAMPROS.-Vividredofhugesize.4/,

*DONSOWTON.-Klugebloomsofhelio-pink.3/-.

*DUKEOFWINDSOR.-Perfectlyformedexhibitionbloom,darkcrimson.2/6.

*GOLDINA.-Gold,darkershadings,championDecember,1940,Perth Show.2/6.

*GENL.J.CERVINHA.-Hugereddishpurple.2/6.

*GLADIATOR.-Wellformedorangeredflowersofimpressivebeauty.1/6

*HONOURMcLOUGHLIN.-Brilliantcrimson-scarletblooms.2/6,

*JEANBATTEN.-Deepgoldenshade.3/-.

*JOANSUTHERLAND.-ColourVeauxrose,suffusedcinnamon.2/-.

*KEMP'SGOLDENGIANT.-Goldenyellow.2/6.

*LIBERTY.-Glowingcherry-red.1/6.

*LOISWALCHER.-Truepansy-purplewithone-thirdofeachpetal tippedwhite.3/6.

*MRS.'LING.-Huge,creamylemon.1/6.

*MARYCONGDEN,-Colour:flamingrusset.3i6.

*M.AVISTURNEY.-Colour:crimsonmaroon.3/-. Varietiesmarked*arelatestreleases.

ASKFOROUR1942DAHLIALIST.IT'SFREEAND POSTFREE!

'DAWSON(HARRISON-ETD

109BARRACKSTREET.

AquinasCollege,MountHenry HEADMASTER'SREPORT

AfterwelcomingHisExcellencythe Lieutenant-Governor,SirJamesMitchellandLadyMitchell,thefollowing reportwasread:

YourExcellency,MyLordMayor, VeryReverendFathers,Ladiesand Gentlemen,-

IbegtoplacebeforeyoutheReport ofthescholasticyearnowterminating.

AtCatholicEducatorsofyouth,we believethattoeducateamanistocultivateallthefacultiesGodhasgiven him,todevelophisentirenature,intellectual,moralandphysical.

Totraintheintellectalone-as thoughtoknowwerebetterthantobe -mayprovearealmenacetoourcivilisation.Hencetobecompleteinour educationalsystems,weendeavourto promotetheharmoniousblendingof thewholemanandallhisfaculties,and totrainhimtousethosenobleendowmentsforthehighestpurposeoflife. Tocultivateandstrengthenman,body andsoul,mendheartandconsciencethisisthetruebusinessofeducation.

Atthepresentmomentweseethe verysoulofancientEuropewhichhas grownupintheChristianFaithand geniustornbyconflictandconvulsed bythecataclysmofwar;bruteforceis nowenthronedasthesaleprinciple governingtherelationsofmanypeoples,andinternationalperjuryrecognisedasthediplomaticprocedure.In allthiswelterofdespotism,disgracing ourage,werecogniseasoneofthe mostrepulsiveaspectsthedebasement towhichtotalitariantyrannieshave reducedthenoblefunctionsofeducation,Thebasicprincipleofthissystemcompletelydisregardsthesuper. naturalorderandthespiritualelement inman.

TheclaimoftheChristianEducator isthattheproductofoursystem shouldbethesupernaturalmanof character,whoisnottheslaveofany socialorder,butwhowillbeableto mouldandelevatehissocialenvironmentinthelightoftrulyChristian principlesandtherebyattaintohis eternaldestiny.Thisistheidealand distinctivetoneoftheCatholicCollege. Andsoitisouraimtoholdfasttoall thatisjustandofgoodreputeinthe heritagebequeathedusandtoenhance thatheritageintheyearstocome.

IampleasedtoreportontheexcellenttoneandspiritofpietywhichprevailthroughoutthelifeoftheCollege.

Asameanstothisendtheannual RetreatfortheSeniorstudentswas heldduringAugust.Weacknowledge ourindebtednessandexpressourappreciationtothespiritualdirector, Rev.FatherMcLaughlan,C.SS.R.. whosepriestlyzealandwhole-hearted co-operationaddedconsiderablytothe fruitfulresultsachievedbytheRetreat.

TheHolyNameSociety,theConfraternityofSt.VincentdePaul,thePropagationoftheFaithandHolyChildhoodareallflourishingassociations amongtheboys.

Excellentworkisalsobeingdone amongthegrowingboysbywayofpreparinganddeliveringlecturetteson dogmaandliturgy.Thiswehopeto bebutaforerunnertoamorelively andactiveparticipationinmatterscf asimilartonebeyondtheclassroom.

TheCollegereportthisyear,asgiven bytheDiocesanDirectorofEducation, VeryRev.Dr.McMahon,M.A.,ismost encouragingandgratifying.

Webegtoexpressourappreciation andthankstoRev.FathersO'Connor, O'MahoneyandMcBride-OldBoy Priests-fortheirspiritualservicesto theboysduringtheyear.

Thesympatheticencouragementof HisGracetheArchbishopinallour spiritualnecessitiesandhiskindlysolicitudemanifestedintheactivitiesof theCollegeclaimourappreciationand sincerestthanks,

Againwereferwithgratitudetoour residentchaplain,Rev.AlbertLynch, forhisceaselessandpainstakingmethodsinthespiritualdevelopmentof ourboys. Ourrollcallofboardershasincreasedconsiderablythisyear.Thispleasingfeaturediscloseswithwhatattitude ofmindtheparentsofourboysregard theefficiencyoftheeducationimparted at"Aquinas."

Werecordalsothesincerepleasure weexperienceinhavinganumberof ourownOldBoys'sonsontherollcall. Thisisnottheleastfactorthathelps tobuildupthatintangibleyetreal characteristicofacollegewhichwe maycallitspeculiarspiritoritsdistinctivetone.

TheHeadPrefectandCaptainfor 1941isRedmondPrendiville.Wefeel thathisappointmenthasbeenjustified inthelightofhisexcellentdischarge ofduty,hisgentlemanlyyetfirmand decisivemethodofcontrol.Hehas beenablyassistedbyanoutstanding councilofPrefects:Thomas13.Cullity, NealE.Durack,KennethM.McKenna, JosephM.Burke,JamesPurvey,HubertW,Rigg,AlbanE,Travers,and MalcolmL.Johnson.

Theexaminationresultsoflastyear wereofaveryhighorder,regarded fromthepointofviewofnumberand quality.

IntheLeavingCertificate19completeandthreepartialpasseswereobtained,with28distinctionslisted.

Ananalysisofthepassesshowsthat thedistinctionscoverquiteawide rangeofsubjects,including:English, Latin,MathematicsAandB,Physics, Chemistry,History,Drawing,IndustrialHistoryandEconomics,Our bestpasswasthatofRichardM. O'Hanlon,whoobtainedsevendistinctions.Thiswasthemostbrilliant passintheState.Hewasawardeda GovernmentExhibition,aHackett BursaryandtheWinthropScholarship toSt.George'sCollegewithintheUniversity.Heobtainedthefirstplace intheCommonwealthPublicService.

JohnStokessecuredthenextbest passwithfourdistinctions.Hewas awardedaGovernmentExhibition,a HackettBursary,andaStatePublic ServiceEngineeringCadetship,

Othermeritoriouspasseswerethose ofJamesGreen,DonaldKelsall(four distinctionseach)andJohnCullity, withthreedistinctions,

OurLeavingCertificatestudentsof lastyearwereallveryactiveandprominentparticipantsineverybranchof theInter-schoolcompetitiveactivities, whichfacttestifiestotheharmonious blendingofstudyandplay,andfurthermoreindicatesthatour areasjealousoftheacademicreputationoftheirschoolastheyareofits sportingtraditions.

IntheJuniorCertificateExaminationstherewere21completeandthree partialpasses.Excellentresultswere obtainedbyTerenceBourke,Peter Franklyn,WilliamGaze,AlfredAnderson,JohnAhern,KevinNorriss,Owen MageeandAlanMcDonald.

IntheInter-SchoolExaminations, secondyearsection,DonaldMcKenna obtainedfirstplaceintheStateaggregate,firstplaceinLatin,Frenchand Algebra.ChapmanDyson,thefourth placeintheStateaggregateandfirst placeinArithmetic;BrianO'Haraand JohnStrempelalg.),forninthplace andFrancisChristiantenth.

IntheFirstyeardivision,Jerome BowenwasfirstintheStateAggregateandfirstinEnglishandArithmetic.AlanHinkleyandMichael Heenanwerefifthandtenthrespectively.

DenisCullitywasfirstinReligious Knowledge.

TheDuxoftheCollegeisThomas Cullity.Withanexcellentscholastic andsportingrecordthroughouthis courseofstudies,henowheadshis classlistwithfirstplaceinEnglish, Latin,French,MathematicsB,Chemistry,andtherebywinstheOldBoys' MemorialPrizefor1941.

AgainIurgeanddirecttheattentionofparentstothenecessityofallowingpromisingstudentstocontinue theirstudiestotheLeavingCertificate standard.Boys,wholeaveatthe JuniorCertificatestandard,orthereabouts,cannotbesaid,byanymeans, tobesufficientlytrainedtomeetallthe difficultiesthatmustbesettheirpaths insubsequentyears.Manywhohave availedofouradvicetoremainat schoolfortheextrayearorsohave beenunanimousregardingtheadvantageousresultswhichtheaccumulation ofknowledgewithamorematureand muchbetterbalancedjudgmenthas obtained,

Muchtimeandcarefulsupervision isgiveninourcurriculumtothetrainingofcorrectspeaking.Forthispurposetheclassesprepareperiodically lecturettes,debatesandattimesareinvitedtopartakeinthelessformalmethodofimpromptuspeaking.Theprizes fororatory,presentedbyMissKavanagh,wereawardedtoBrianO'Hara, PhilipMeagher,MauriceJonesand MichaelHeenan.

Underthisheadingofculturaltrainingweincludeinstrumentalmusic, voiceproduction,anddancing.In

vocalmusicourboyshavewonfor threeconsecutiveyearstheshieldofferedforthePlainChantCompetition. TheexcellentrenderingoftheLiturgicalMusicbythechoirhasbeenmost favourablycommendedbythefamous Benedictinecomposer,DomMoreno.

MissScott'sprizesfordancingwere awardedtoKennethMcKennaand AnthonyMayger.

ToMissesKavanagh,Grantand Scott,whocontrolourclassesinElocution,InstrumentalMusicandDancing,respectively,Ihererecordourappreciationoftheirexcellentco-operation.

Forthemostcompleteorganisation ofoursportingactivitieswehavenow completedanotherfullsizedoval.Our boysarethusprovidedwithtwomain ovalswhichwillhavefirstclassturf wicketsandseveralpracticewickets. Speciallypreparedrunningtrackshave beenputdown,wherebywemayconcentrateonmoreexperttrainingin Athletics.Landhasalsobeencleared topreparefortwomoretenniscourts, Intheallocationofourplaying fields,wehavetakencaretoprovide, apartfromtheSeniorschoolovals,our Juniorschoolwithsuitableplaying fields,Adequateprovisionhasbeen madeforthesmallboyswithtwovery goodplayingareas.VerykeeninterestprevailsintheirInter-Housematches,eachvyingwiththeotherin friendlybutintenserivalry.

ThebeautifulstretchofwaterflankingtheCollegeaffordsampleopportunityforrowingandswimming.Althoughtheriverisperfectlysafefor aquaticactivitiesasadoubleprecaution,noboyisallowedtotheswimmingpoolunlessunderthesupervision ofatleastoneofthestaff.

Thecasualobservermayhereremark-Whysomuchsport?Weare inapositiontodismissthequestion, becauseitiscasual.Ourorganised systemofrecreation,suchasfootball, cricket,tennis,rowing,swimming,boxingandathletics,presentsmanymore farreachingresultsthanmereparticipationingames..Weclaimthatthe importanceliesinthemoraltrainingas wellasinthephysicaldevelopmentof thestudent.Itisonthesportsfield thatthetruequalitiesofeachboyare shown.Ingamesheisforcedtoplace asidehispersonalinterestinfavourof amoredisinterestedviewpointofmutualco-operationforthesakeofhis school.

Wedoadmit,however,thatsports canbeoverdone.Ourmottoisto blendinharmoniousproportionthe mentaldevelopmentpursuedinthe classroomwiththephysicalandcharacterdevelopmentthatthesports arenaensures.

Hereisasurveyofoursportingactivitiesfortheyear: IntheInter-HouseSwimmingCarnival,heldatCrawley,theGibsonCup waswonbySt.Peter'sHouse,The SeniorchampionwasP.Christian.T. Bourkewontheunderfifteentitle,T. OutridgeandP.Meaghertheunder fourteenandunderthirteentitles,respectively.ThiscarnivalwaspreliminarytotheInter-SchoolCompetition, inwhichAquinaswasvictoriousforthe fourthconsecutiveyear.

ThechampionswimmerwasR. Trend,whoseeffortsweremostoutstanding.Heobtained44ofthe100 pointsgained.HistitleofStateJunior Championwellmeritsouracclamation.

ToourCaptain,M.Johnson,and othercompetitors,weextendheartiest congratulations.

OurthanksareduetoMr.Gibson, whohasalwayshadsuchaverypracticalinterestinourswimmingactivities.

Onaccountoftherowingfacilities beingsoadequate,onenaturallyexpectsthekeenestparticipationinthat importantbranchofsport.Crewsare beingregularlytrainedandcoached, andinourCollegeRegattaheldrecentlyquiteaconsiderableamountofinterestprevailed.

Theannual"HeadoftheRiver"was wonbyScotchCollege,whomweheartilycongratulate. WeareagainindebtedtoMr.Wroblewski,whoplacedhisveryvaluable servicesascoachatthedisposalofour crews.

IncricketourCollegeXI,,captained byH.Rigg,withT.Cullityasvice-captain,hasquiteanoutstandingpersonnel.Ofthesixmatchesplayedwe wonfour,drewone,andlostone.Our finalwinagainstGuildfordGrammar SchoolgivesusthePremiershipand entitlesustoretainforanotheryear theDarlotCup.Ourcaptainhasnow

scoredhisonethousandrunsinthe Inter-PublicSchools'Competition, andwelldeservesourheartiestcongratulations.Heisnowthefifth Aquinianwhohasattainedthishonour.

Oursincerethanksareduetoanexcellentcommitteeofladies,whoso verykindlyandgenerouslyprovided luncheonandafternoonteatoourboys throughoutthecricketseason,andwho havemateriallyassistedtheCollegeon manyoccasionsinaverypractical manner, Infootballwewerelessfortunatethis year.Ourteam,thoughlight,was reallygood,andtheteamworkwasat alltimesattractiveandatthesame timemostscientific.Weextendto HaleSchool,winneroftheAlcockCup for1941,ourwarmestfelicitations.Mr, Dolan,ourcoach,deservesourbest thanksandappreciationforhiseverreadysupportandencouragementto theteams,TotheCollegeEighteen, soablycaptainedbyJ.Burke,withH. Riggasvice-captain,weexpressour congratulationsontheirexcellentwork throughouttheseason.

OurAnnualAthleticMeetingwas heldatthew.A.r.A.Groundduring September. Despitetheheavytrack,goodtimes wereregistered,K.Desire,inthe100 YardsChampionshipunder16,in103.5 seconds,loweredtheCollegerecordby 1-5sec.HealsoequalledtheCollege record,102-5sec.,intheOpen100 YardsChampionship. MalcolmJohnsonholdsthetitleof SeniorChampion,andwinstheArchbishop'sCup, TheDr.J.J.SavageJuniorCupgoes toD.Campagnoli,theAhernJuvenile CuptoT.Bourke,thePeterScottMidgetCuptoG.Melvin,andtheKelly andRodoredaCuptoC.Banting,the JuniorSchoolChampion, St.Paul'sHouse,caotainedbyN, Durack,wontheInter-Housetrophy.

IntheInter-SchoolCompetitions,J. Burke,whowontheOpen100yards and220Yards,andwithathirdinthe 440YardsChampionship.isentitledto thehonourofInter-SchoolChampion Athletefor1941.Excellentworkwas donealso whowonthe under16100YardsChampionshinT. Bourkewasfirstintheunder15100 and220YardsChampionshins.T. Schwarzfirstintheunder14100and 220YardsChampionships,andT.Dease winneroftheOpenHighJump.

ThefinalscoresputHalefirst.We heartilycongratulateHaleontheir wellfoughtvictory,withAquinasa verycloserunner-up.

IntheStateChampionships,opento allschools,J,Burkewonthe100and 220Yards,under17,loweringtheprevious200Yardsrecordbyahalf-second. K.Deanewontheunder16100and220 Yards,andloweredtherecordforthe 220Yardsby3-10sec.

T.Bourkealsodidexcellentworkby winningthe220Yards,under15, Weextendtothecaptain,J.Burke, andteamourappcationoftheexcellenteffortsrentid.Idesireto expressourthankstoMr.G.Worner forhispainstakingmethodsinassistingourteamtoreachsuchanexcellent standardofsuccess.

Inourschooltennischampionships werehavewitnessedquitearemarkable improvementinscientificplayandgeneraltechnique. OurCollegechampionisW.Gaze, TheJunior,Juvenile,andMidgetChampionshipswerewonbyA,Hinkley,J. EnsorandB.Moore,respectively.

Honourcapshavebeenawardedto: ThomasCullity:DuxofCollege,CollegePrefect,CadetLieutenant,ViceCaptainIst.XI,,Member1st.XVIII., Athletics,andTennis.

HerbertRigg:CollegePrefect,Cadet Lieutenant,Captain1st.XI.,Vice-Captain1st.XVIII.,MemberofAthletic andTennisteams.

JosephBurke:CollegePrefect,Captain1st.XVIII.,CaptainInter-School Athleticteam,Member1st.XI.

MalcolmJohnson:CollegePrefect, CaptainInter-SchoolSwimmingteam, and"HeadofRiverEight,"Member 1st.XVIII.,SeniorChampionAthlete, Weconsidertheestablishmentofour CollegeCadetCorpsasaveryimportantphaseintheschoolcurriculum.

Ifreligionissonecessarytotheperpetuityofourcountry,weclaimthat theCatholicSchoolsareamongthe Nation'sgreatestbulwarkofdefence, itsfinestprop,itsmostfaithfulally. Thetrainingofthecadetpresupposes respectforlaw,reverenceforlawfulauthority,andadeepsenseofcivicduty; itinculcatesthoselessonsthatvitally concernthewell-beingofanation.

11-12-41

Ourcadetsaretaughttobepatriotic notasaspasmodicemotionalstirring, buttotranslatethroughouttheirlives thereligiousobligationoftheirdedicationtoGodandCountry.

Paradesareheldweekly,alsoacourse ofinstructionatsuitableperiodsfor thebenefitofournon-commissioned officers.

TheCollegepropertyisparticularly adaptablefortheconductofourAnnualCampwithallitsnecessary manoeuvres.

TheproximityoftheCollegeandthe attendantvigilanceofstaffreadilyreassuresapprehensiveparentsonthe scoreofcorrectsupervision.

ThomasCullity,NealDurack,Rich. andReilly,andThomasHalesattained therankofCadet-Lieutenantduring theannualexamination,Inaddition thisyearaSignalsPlatoonandanAmbulancePlatoonwereaddedtoour Company.

ToLieutenantJohnCullity,whois ourOfficer-in-charge,alsotoRev. FatherCunningham,MilitaryChaplainatMelvilleCamp,whohasbeen soveryhelpfultoourSignalsPlatoon, weacknowledgeoursincerestthanks.

IcongratulatetheOldAquinians'Associationonthenumberoftheirmemberswhohaveenrolledinthepresent worldcrisis.Promptedtoagenerous response,theyhavetakentheirplace, atthecall-to-arms,withthebravestof thebrave,andhavedeemednosacrifice toogreatforthehonouroftheircountry,noservicetoogenerousinthe frustrationofsuchpowersasworkto thedestuctionofourhistoricculture andtotheannihilationofourspiritual traditions.

TheRecorbChristmas

ToDr.T.W.Meagher,forhisministrationsthroughouttheyear,aswellas toMatronMcCable,whoseeverready andkindlyattentiontotheboysareso muchappreciated,Ibegtoacknowledgeourgratitudeandthanks.

ToHisExcellencySirJamesand LadyMitchell,whohaveacceptedour invitationtobehereandpresentthe prizes;tohisLordshiptheLordMayor andLadyMayoress,toVeryRev.Dr. McMahon,M.A.,asDiocesanDirector ofEducation,whohavehonouredus bytheirpresence;tothegenerous donorsofourprizes,andtoyou,ladies andgentlemen,foryourcourteouspatronage,Iexpress,onbehalfoftheCollege,oursincerethanksandextend kindestseasonablegreetings.

W.V.GREEN,

Headmaster.

.DressandFashion

UNSIGHTLYFACIALHAIR REMOVEDPERMANENTLY withoutdiscomfortorinconvenienceby ELECTROYLSIS.

ConsultationsFree. 117455

MISSR.DUGGAN, Room33,ThirdFloor,GleddenBuildings,WilliamStreet,Perth.

ADVANCENEWS ofgreatimportanceforout-of-town ShoppersforHEADLINES. MADELONMILLINERY NO.6PLAZAARCADE (MurraySt.End,opp.Boans). PersonalSupervisionE.MURPHY.

CHRISTIANBROTHERS'COIN

ST.

GEORGE'STERRACE,PERTH

Established1893.

79/6

42/6

C.B.C.,theoldestCatholicBoys'CollegeintheState,affordsaHigh ClassEducationforDayStudents.

TheCollegeisideallysituatedinPerth'smostbeautifulthoroughfare, andisconvenienttoallmodesoftransport,Itprovidescomplete coursesofeducationforboys,preparingthemforentrancetotheUniversityinallFaculties,aswellasforcareersintheworldofCommerce andinthePublicService.

CULTURALTRAINING.

InstrumentalMusic,Singing,SpeechCultureandElocutionaretaughtat theCollegebyhighlyqualifiedteachers.

PHYSICALCULTUREAND'GAMES.

TheimportanceofPhysicalCultureandOrganisedSportintheSchool curriculumisfullyrealisedbytheBrothers.Competentmastersvisit theCollegeeachweekandtraintheboysinallbranchesofGymnastics, aswellasinSwimming.Inaddition,gamesareorganised,enabling everyboy,eventhesmallest,toparticipateinFootballandCricket matchesregularly.

THECOLLEGEWILLRE-OPENONTUESDAY,FEBRUARY1

NewpupilsmaybeenrolledfromFriday,January23. FurtherparticularsonapplicationtothePrincipal.

TELEPHONE:B4251.

GiveYourGirls andBoys

C.C.C.Training NextYear

Youcannotaffordtoexperiment.Notraining,orcheaptraining, willspellDISASTER,entailawasteofmoneyandalossoftimethat,in turn,willmeanalossofsalaryforsomemonthsatleast.

Ourgraduatesgetgoldefficiencybadgesthatarerecognisedthrough. outtheState.Qualifiedstudentsarenotlefttoscrambleforpositions. FirstappointmentsareprovidedthroughourownemploymentbureauthemostinfluentialprivateclericalemploymentbureauintheState.

C.C.C.GRADUATESAREGUARANTEEDANAPPOINTMENT.

FeesarepayableinmonthlyinstalmentsPostallessonsforthose unabletoattendpersonally.

A"GuidetoBusinessTraining"issuppliedfreeandwithoutobligation.CallbeforenoononSaturday,13th.,orwriteforyourcopy.All enquiriesreachingourofficeafterSaturdaywillbeansweredwhenthe CollegeofficesreopenonFriday,9th,January.Allsessionsresumeon Monday,12th.January.

CityCommercialCollege

W.A.'sBusinessUniversity

SheffieldHouse,713-21HayStreet,Perth

There'snonicerormorenourishingcustard that"FulcreetnCo.s" it'snearlyallmilk andeggs.

DeliciouswithStewedFruit

SERVEITWITH FULCREEMCO'SJELLY

Conversationover'phonebytwo IlomeGuardstalwarts:

"Paradeto-morrowanddon'tforget yourgun."

"Mywhat?"

"Gun."

"Can'thearyou.Spellit," "Yourgun.GforJerusalem,Ufor eucalyptus,andNforpneumonia." * * *

Apolicemanwasproceedingdowna streetwithabatchofsummonsesfor non-paymentofrates.One"victim" sawhimcoming,lockedhimselfinthe house,andsnatchedupapairofbellows. Theofficerknockedseveraltimes withoutresponse.Thenheproceeded toputthesummonsunderthedoor, butitpromptlyblewoutagain. Thiswasrepeatedmanytimes,and finallythepoliceman,gettingtired,pickedupthesummonswiththeremark:"Well,Idon'tblamehimfornot payingratesforadraughtyholelike that."

HOTELPERTH

IA'KEDI)INGTON, Proprietor.

ExcellentAccommodation

JimFitzpatrick's HpTEL ROCKINGHAM BYTHESEA. FISHING,SHOOTING, GOLF,TENNIS. HIGHCLASSCUISINE. RingRockingham21for Reservations.

COUNTRY.

DukeofYorkHotel NARROGIN. ReconditionedandRefurnished. NewLounge,DiningRoom,and CommercialRooms. ARTHURI3OYLAN,Proprietor (LateGeorgeHotel,Perth.)

FREEMASON'SHotel

TOODYAY. ExcellentCuisine. kineticsRefrigeratorInstalled. OldandNewFriendsare CordiallyWelcomed. MRS.E.WING,Proprietress

GOLDFIELDS.

TRYHANNAN'SLAGERatRodBeaton's HANNANHOTEL HANNANSTREET. KALGOORLIE.

STAR&GARTERHOTEL

Cnr.HANNANandNETHERCOTT STREETS,KALGOORLIE. KalgoorlieBeer,AlwaysCold,onTap. AlsoallLeadingBrandsofWines andSpirits.

Jimson:"Whatbecameofthatman whohadtwenty-sevenmedalsforsavingpeoplefromdrowning?"

DockWorker:"Hefellinoneday whenhehadthemallon,andthe weightof'emsunkhim." * * *

Cross-examiningCounsel:"Now,Mr. Jinkinson,yousayMr.JamesB.Jink. insonisadistantrelativeofyours?"

Mr.Jinkinson:"Yes."

Counsel:"Whatrelationishe?"

Mr.Jinkinson:"Mybrother."

Councel:"Butyoujusttoldushe wasadistantrelative?"

Mr.Jinkinson:"Soheis.Atpresent heisinChina,"

Muttonhedde:"Didyoureceivemy novel,doctor?"

Doctor:"Yes,andI'msomuchob. liged.Ithasbeenofimmenseuseto me.WheneverIhaveanoperation toperformIreadthefirstchapterto thepatient,andthen,yousee,Idon't requiretogivehimchloroform."

Thesergeantragedashissquadof recruitsturnedleftwhentheyshould haveturnedrightandviceversa.PrivateHigginswasthegreatestoffender, andthesergeant,goinguptohim, bawledinhisear:-

"Haven'tyoueverdrilledbeforein yourlife?"

"Yes,sergeant,"repliedHiggins. oncedrilledforthreeyears."

"Oh,indeed andwhere?"snappedthesergeant. "Inaquarry,"grinnedHiggins.*

OldLady(inquisitively,tosailor onleave):"Soyou'reaminesweeper, areyou?Andwheredoyousweep themines?"

CautiousSailor:"Oh,justroundtl-e topofthem,lady;wherethedustsettles." * *

Teacher:"Canyoutellmewhat shapetheworldis?"

SmartPupil:"Aprettybadonejust now,sir."

BenevolentIndividal:"Yes,sir;I holdthatwhenamanmakesalittle extramoneyhisfirstdutyiscomake hiswifeapresentofahandsomedress.

OrdinaryIndividual:"Youarea philosopher,Ipresume?"

"No:Iamadraper." * *

"Everhadanyorganictrouble?' askedthemedicalofficer.

"No,sir,"repliedtherecruit,"I'm notmusical."

* * Returningfromhisday'stoiltohis happylittlehome,fathergreetedhis family.

"Whathaveyouallbeendoingtoday?"heasked.

"Iwashedthedinnerthings!"said Annproudly.

"AndIwipedthem!"exclaimed Sheila,justasproudly.

Fatherturnedtohisonlyson: "Andyou,John?"

"Ipickedupthepieces,"wasthe briefreply.

Revolutionaryinprinciple,

Aminiatureelectricheatingelementoratinygasflame,doesallthework.

AUSTRALIAMAKESHEROWNELECTROLUXREFRIGERATORS.

TheELECTROLUXRefrigeratorFactorypicturedbelowislocatedinMelbourneandisthelargestFactoryintheSouthern HemispheredevotedexclusivelytothemanufactureofRefrigerators.

BUT

Revolutionaryinprinciple,ELECTROLUXRefrigeratorsoperateautomaticallywithoutanymovingparts,andwithout anynoise,ever.

Aminiatureelectricheatingelementoratinygasflame,doesallthework.

AUSTRALIAMAKESHEROWNELECTROLUXREFRIGERATORS.

TheELECTROLUXRefrigeratorFactorypicturedbelowislocatedinMelbourneandistheloges.Fcctor,1intheSouthern HemispheredevotedexclusivelytothemanufactureofRefrigerators.