nationsinHis hands FulfillsHispurpose.Throughtheir agony IlemakesthesoulsHechoosespure andstrong. So,faithfulinthefaithlessalienlands, Ennobledbyenduranceofgreat wrong, TheGaelsshallbeartheflameofliberty. -TheodoreMaynard.
TranceisCatholic. ProfessorWinfreyofHendrixCollege,aMethodistinstitutionatConway,Arkansas,U.S.A.,duringa"V" service,asreportedin"BullDog."the collegejournal,discussedthesubject ofreligioninFrance.ProfessorWinfrey,whosawserviceinFrance.said: "Aboutnine-tenthsofthepeoplein FrancearemembersoftheRomanCatholicChurch.Tothemtheword CatholicmeansChristian,andthey haveanothernamefortheProtestants andtheJews.Thefactthatsomany peopleareCatholicsisduetoboththe meritofthatChurchandtradition. Unbuudtedly,thegreatmajorityof thesepeoplearesatisfiedwiththe spiritualministrationoftheCatholic Church,ofwhichtheirfathershave beendevotedmembersfurmanycenturies.Therearefreethinkersin Francejustasthereareinothercountries,buttheFrenchareaveryreligiouspeople.Theylookaskanceat theProtestantswhomtheyregardas puritanicalandhavingat)aversion toanyofthepleasuresoflife.The churchofrespectabilityandpowerin FranceistheCatholicChurch.The ProtestantChurchesshouldnottryto establishthemselvesinFrance,because itwouldresultinproselytisingthe membershipoftheCatholicChurch, andthisisnotjustifiali.e."
OfNobleFamily.
SisterMaryMaxwell,orasshewas knownintheworld,theHonourable EleanorConstable-Maxwell,Superior oftheCatholicblindasylumatLiverpool,diedrecentlyinher81st.year. Thisvenerablelady,whobecamea nuninheryouth,wasamemberof oneofthemostancientoftheold CatholicfamiliesinGreatBritain.Her fatherwasthetenthBaronIlerries, andsheherselfwasaunttothelate DukeofNorfolk.TheHerriesfamily,ofwhichthepresentDuchessof Norfolkisthehead,beingtheBaronessHerriesinherownright,aswell asDuchessofNorfolkbymarriage, hashadachequerednistory,andat onetimethepeeragewasforfeited. ButnoCatholic,andveryfewother Englishpersonswithanyaffectionfor thepast,willthinkanytheworse oftheHerriesforhavingforfeitedthe peerage,sinceitwaslostintheJacobitecause.
DublinCastle. DublinCastle,nowinthehandsof theProvisionalGovernmentofthe IrishFreeState,wasformorethan 700yearsthestrongholdandsymbol ofBritishruleinIreland.Physically andpoliticallytheCastlebeganto growaboutthetimeoftheNorman invasion.KingHenryII.,whovisitedDublinin1172,summonedhisprincipaladherentsintheIrishcapital, and"committedthatcitywithitscastletothecustodyofHughesdeLasci," whobecamepracticallythefirstviceroyofIreland.Intheyear1204King JohnauthorisedMylesFitzHenry,JusticiaryorViceroy,tocauseaCastleto beerectedinDublin"withgooddikes andstrongwalls."Thecastlewasat firstusedasaresidencefortheviceroy.Nextitwasusedasadungeon andfinallyitbecametheseatofthe BritishGovernmentinIreland.Such inshortisthehisto:'yoftheinstitutionwhich,inthewordsofthefirst proclamationissuedbytheProvisional Government,"isnowinthehandsof theIrishnation."
NewItalianCabinet, Aftermanyunsuccessfuleffortsa newItalianCabinethasbeenformed.
LuigiFacta,aDeputyfromTurin,was finallyprevailedupontoacceptthe appointmentasPremier,andhehas succeededinformingacoalitionCabinet,inwhichpracticallyallpolitical partiesarerepresented.ThefonhationofthenewMinistrybecamepossiblewhenthecollaborationofthe PopularPartyhadbeenobtained. FatherLuigiSturzo,theSecretaryGeneraloftheParty,whohadopposedtheappointmentofSignorGiolitti, acceptedSignorFacta,thusassuring theGovernmentofthesupportofthe CatholicDeputies.ThePopularParty assumedastrongandindependentattitude,agreeingtoco-operatewiththe Otherpoliticalgroutsforthegood ofItaly,butrefusingtocollaborate withthosewhobroughtaboutthe crisis,andinsistingonfullrepresentationproportionatetotheirstrength inanyMinistryinwhichtheywere toshareaswellasorthemainpoints oftheirlegislativeprogramme.To thePopularPartywereassignedthe importantportfoliosofEducation,AgricultureandFinance.SignorDi Scales,whoisalsoaCatholic,althoughnotamemberofthePopular Party.hasbeenappointedMinister oftheColonies.'IheCatholicsnow havealargerrepresentationinthe CabinetthananyothergroupThe programmeoftheCatholicPartyprovidesforco-operatiorbetweenCapital andLabour,withalargermeasureof justicefortheworkingclasses,divisionofthelargeestatesfortiebenefitoftheneasants,andfreedomin education.
AnSacrstat."
UndertheabovetitletheIrishFree StatePartyledbyMichaelCollins andArthirGriffith,publishedrecentlvtheirGovernmentorgan,whichis editedbytheFreeStatePublicity Committee.Theleadingeditorialof thefirstnumberissignedbyArthur Grill1:1-rindbeg:esasfollows-"1,hat thepeopleoflielandhavesoughtfor etGerationsSaorr.tEirean freeState-sr:horn.Itisforthem tosa:thatthe eloffreed isnot strzet,;lc.Iititsrn.sle" elitonal continues"'i'heleeStateishereto Makegoodtheclaimthattilt.people ofIreland,investedwiththepowerof self-government,aregiftedandefficientenoughtomakeIrelandthepeer ofanynation. Theworldiswatchingtoseewhetherwesiregoingto makegoodourboastor,byourfailure,justifyEnglaud'sold-timecontentionthatweareanincapablepeople"
Boston'sNewMayor. JamesM.Curley,whomcertainBostonbluestockingsairilyrefertoasa "luw-brow,"a"rough-neck,"anda "jail-bird,"wasswornintheotherday asMayoroftheMassachusettsancient seatofculture,saysthe"LiteraryDigest."Curly'selection,testifynewspapercorrespondentswithconnections sufficiently-farfromBackBaytopreventanypersonalbiasinthematter, gaveBostontheshockofitslife."It jarredtheveryfoundationsofBeacon IlillandtheBackBay,"inthewords ofastaffcorrespondentoftheBrooklyn"Eagle,'"themoresoasCurley carriedonalonetightagainsttremendousodds."Hislanguageisattimes extremelypicturesqueaswellasforceful.ApiominentBackBayresident wasoncequotedashavingsaidthat CurleywouldneyerhavebeenMayor ifhisancestorshadnotbeendriven overherebya"potatofamine"in reland.ThiswasCurley'sreply: "Nolandwaseversavedbylittle clubsoffemalefaddists,cldgentlemenwithdisorderedlivers,orpessimistscrackingoverimaginarygoodold claysandignoring.thesunlitpresent. WhatweneedinthispartofAmerica
E,tnnateofPopeBenedict XV.""Nuwonderthattheworldis mourningsodeeplynow,"hesaid."No wonderthatthechariotsoftheChurch otGodaredriggingheavily."PraisingthedeadPontiffasagreatexecutive,agreatfriendofman,andabove all,"agreatchurchman,agreatChristian,"hecontinued:"Threehundred millionCatholicsmournhislossto-day becauseofthecloseandtenderrelationshiptheyhadwith.her,through thefaithhesofaithfullyandconsistentlyexemplified,andthreehundred millionProtestantssendtheirsympathy.asfromhearttoheart,andjoin theirsorrowwiththeirChristianbrethrem Itrust,therefore,thatitwill notbeTermedpresumptuousfora fellowChrietian,thoughoftheProtestantfaith,ingenuinesympathyand sorrowtogive,inthispublicway,a Protestantestimateandeulogyof PopeBenedictXV.BenedictXV. hadthegentlesanctityofPiusX. mixedwiththekeenexecutiveability andbrilliantstatesmanshipofLeo XIII.Nosmirch,orspotorstain everrestedonhislife,eitherpublic orprivate.Nobarsinistercanever beplacedonhisescutcheonevenby themostmalignantofhisenemies.In himwascombinedthemanhoodof theMasterandthecultureofthe Cross.Helivedinthequietofthe cloister,buthisearwaseverattuned tothecriesoftheneedyandasufferingworld.IleknewhisLordand Master,buthealsoknewmenand everinsistedthatheshouldknow thembetterthanhemightthebetter ministertotheirneeds.Withonehand hegraspedthehandofGod,ashe walkedwithIlimdaybyday,with theotherhereachedouttoneedy menthathemightliftthemupto higherandtonoblerthings."EnumeratingthelonglistofthePontiff'saccomplishmentsinthecauseofpeace, Dr.Carterthussilencesallthecriticismsthatweremadeagainsthimin thepast:"Thebestanswertoallthese criticismsisthefactthatBenedict, throughoutthewar,wontheconfidenceoftheworldatlargeenoughto joinelevenn-orenotionsinformalrearemenandmothersofmenandnotcognitionoftheVaticanandrepresengabbingspinstersanddog-raisingma-tationtherethanithadhadbefore. tronsinfederationassembled." ThenationsrepresentedbyformaldiploinaticrelationswiththeVaticanat CommendedtoAustralians. thebeginningofthewarnumbered Justatpresenttheoutcryagainsttwenty,attheendofthewarthenumhightaxesisheardateveryturn.Theherhadincreasedtothirty-one.Let peopleforgetthattheythemselvesarethisbetheanswertoallhiscritics." reseonsiblefortheconditionofaffairsAgainstthoseinfinewhocensuredthe theyprotestagainst.TheyvotedforPopeforhisfightagainstProtestant immenseexpendituresforthecreationpropagandainRome,Dr.Carternobly ofnewofficesandbureaus,andnowreplies:"Isthereanythingderogatory theyobjecttomeetingthebills.Ourinamanfightingbackforhisfaith?" lawshavebeenmultiplieduntilnot evenalawyercankeeppacewithARabbionthePapacy. them;andthemachineryfortheirenIorcenienthasgrowninproportion,re- SpeakingatthetimeofFrapalelecmarksthe"OmahaTrueVoice."VerytionontherelationbetweenPopesand fewnationsofEuropehavenowtheJewsinhistory,RabbiDavidPhilipintricatemethodsofinterferingwithsonthusconcludedintheRockdale everyconceivableactivityoftheaver-AvenueTemple,Cincinnati,hisapagecitizenasourAmericancitieshave.praisalofthesuccessofSt.Peter: Wearerapidlybecominganover-gov-"Thereisnoindividualintheworld ernednationofoffice-holdersandrait-whowieldsgreaterspiritual,Power. nreakers.NoteveiFrancebeforetheliespeakstomillionswiththeauthorwarwassothoroughlybureaucratiseditythanwhichthereisnonemoreme asAmericaisbecoming.And,asyet,questionedonearth.ThelatePope thepeopledonotseemtorealisewhatexertedthistremendouspowerfor isthematter.Theycomplainofex-peaceandgoodwill.Mayhissuccesorbitanttaxesbuttheydonotseesorfollowalongthispath.Thereare thathightaxesarebuttheresultofnonewhohopemoreferventlyorpray ahighlydevelopedbureaucracy.AndmoreardentlythandotheJewsthat untilthatlessonhasbeenlearnedandthenewPopemaybeaveritablemesstepsaretakentosimplifygovern-sengeroftheLordofhosts,andthat ment,insteadofmakingitmoreintri-peopleeverywheremayreceivefrom cate,noreliefcanbeexpected.Thehislipsinstructioninmutualreligious tendencyofallgovernmentsistowardamityandforbearance.Inaformer centralisationandincreaseofpower.daythephrase'Romalocutaest' TheWorldWardroveournationalmeantthefinalword.Althoughworld governmentfurtherinthatdirectionconditionshavegreatlychanged,the thanithasgoneduringthefiftyyearsvoiceissuingforthfromtheVatican preceding.Weshallprobablyneverstillexertsenormouspower.Maythe getbacktowherewewerebeforeinFatherofusallsodirectthemind thisrespect.But,atleast,weneedandheartofthenewPontiff,whoever notgoonrelinquishingmoreandmorehemayhe.thatthewelfarenotonly rightsoftheStatesandlibertiesoftheofhisespecialreligiousfollowingbut individualtothenationalgovernment.ofallmen:naybeenhancedduring Thetimemaycomewhenwewillregretoureasyattitudetowardsbureaucracy,whichalwaysdevelopsinto autocracyandtyranny.
NunsasFireFighters. Nunsfoughtawinningbattle
oftheirlittleonesintobed.Immediatelythe MotherSpencemarshalledherforces. Onegroupofnunswasdetailedto leadtheeightylittleonestosafety, andanothergroupoftwelvewassetto fightingthefire,whichwasonanattic floor.Armedwith
ofPeter. ChurchandState. HisGrace,theMostRev.Thomas I'.Gilmartin,D.D.,Archbishopof Tuarn,incommentingonthenewlyestablishedIrishi.'reeState,emphasisedtheChurch'swheyofalwayssuppertingagovernmentdulyestablished
(ByEdwardF.
bathroom.Inafewminutesthe flameswerecompletelyundercontrol. Allthiswasdonewithsuchspeed thatthedangerwasoverbythetime thatthefiredepartment,whichhad beensummoned,arrivedonthescene. Thechildren,whohadbeenmarched andcarriedout,someofthemsleepingduringtheentireincident,were beingbroughtbackintothehouse whenthedepartmentapparatusarrived.FireChiefCallertonpaidahigh tributetotheheroismofthenuns."It wasthebravestworkandthemost efficient,Ihaveeverknowninmy yearsof
withtheorderlyconductofthecourts ofjustice.Police,armySidcourts: mistbeupheldtomaintaintherights ofthepeople. -eei)rt
S.S.J.,Ph.D.)
toacryofalarmForLutherhimselfonsucha
hasrecentlybeenraisedbyProtestantciple,shouldhavesewnhislipsand ministersinthiscountry.Fivethou-soughtacave,afterdeliveringhismessandpulpits,hereinAmerica,loomsage.Indeed,strictlyspeaking,he empty.Andthefuture,whichmusthadnodoctrinallogicforbeingarebefedbythesmallpresentnumberof 5,100theologicalstudents,lookshungry..Theemptypew,uptodatecausedconcernenough;butnowtrouble hassteppeduphigher.Likethe eunuchofQueenCandace,conscientiousnon-Catholicsareconsideringthe difficultyofunderstandingtheScripturesandasking,"HowcanI,unless somemanshowme?" Withpreachersgoingorgone,the Biblewillbeascryptictothemasses astheSybellineBooks.Alreadythe world'sgreatestandoldestpieceof literatureisominouslyignoredby Eliotfive-foot-shelflibraries;companionedwithWebster's"Unabridged"tohelpsmallboysreachthejamornegotiatetheirsoup;degradedtoamuseumfordeadflowers,curls,clippings andbills.Andifatlength,itbeunpreached,asthreatenedtheprocess ofeliminationwillbecomplete.The veryback-boneofProtestantismwill havechalkedaway.
Nuwmuchaswesympathisewith thesorryecclesiasticalsituationofour separatedbrethren,wecannotconqueratinyintellectualsmileatthe inconsistencyoftheiralarm.Itseems unwarrantedthattheysofearascarcityofexpoundersofScripture,when onerecallstheirfundamentaltenetof "privateinterpretation."Sinceeach goodProtestantandtheHolyGhost everconstituteamajority,whyare preachersandpulpitsanyhow?Doctrinally,theyhavenojustification. Practically,theyhaveamountedto appendages;fromthebalmydays whenbeerwasservedwiththeGermansermontotheamazingpresent whereinmouthhastoooftenbeena betterrecommendationthanmind,dictionthandogma,personalitythan morality,tothechancel.
ButtheProtestantparadoxwould appeartobe:preacherstheologically, areasnon-essentialas,practically, theyareimperative;practically,they arelessimperativethanexpedient: but,astoexperience,theyareessential.Andthereyouare.Another indicationthattheebullientonefrom Wittenburgpavedhis"cityofshadow andconfusion"withoutanypsychology,savehisown,andthatpsychology,snubbed,returnedinspiteof himl Twoandahalfcenturiesbeforethe cleftinChristendomThomasAquinas couchedabitofpsychologicaladvice inhis"DeRegiminePrincipum" whichLuthermightwellhavedigested,andsosparedProtestantisma primeinconsistency.TheAngelicDoctor,voicingtheattitudeandbeliefof theInstitutionwhichthefatherofthe Reformationlivedtooppose,taught thatmanisnaturallydependenton others,andthatauthoritativeleaders, therefore,arenecessaryandinevitable. Plainlythiswasthenaturalviewpoint,borneout-byagesofexpert ence.ProtestantismstabbedRome, butitcouldnotkillnature.A..2 Catholicismhadnatureonitsside. Implicitlyconfessingthefailureof "privateinterpretation,"orratherexplicitlyadmittingthatitsliteralapplicationwouldmeanspiritualanarchy.Protestantismearlyexperienced adilemma.Tosurrenderitsspinal doctrinewouldbetostultifytheReformationandvindicateRome;to conserveitwouldbetooffendinstinct andignoreneed.Formengropingin darknessandbruisingtheirspiritual shins,wereangrilydemandingfor themselvesandtheirchildren,theconcrete,positive,visible,audible,objectivedirectionwhichtheProtestant animusdenied.ThustheReformationperforcesacrificeditsprinciple; butfailingtoadmitthefactandrefusingtoyieldthepalmtoRome.it turnedtopreachersmuchlessauthoritativethanthegreatrepudiated Power. Andyet,fromanotherpointofview. itreallyhadnoprincipleof"private interpretation"tosacrificeanyhow.
purpose?
Itisdifficult,aswenowdispassionatelyretrospectoverthefour-hundredyearfieldandfight,toseemuchjustificationforthehavocatall.Luther neededanewreligiontosuithispersonalpsychosis;butwhyshouldhalf ofChristendomthrowitscapoverthe wind-millsandthrustoutitstongue attheEternalCitywithhim?Rome's moralswereoffensive?Butwhydid NIelanchthon,Calvin,andtheother intellectualeaglesoftheerawondrouslyfailtodiscernthedifferencebetweenmeritandmud,accretionand essence,thespiritandthebodyof theChurch?Boccaccio'sAbraham showedmuchmorekeennessthan that.Menwantedashorterrouteto Heaven,evenastheywereseekinga swifterjourneytotheEastIndies;but whydidtheydestroytheirChurchshipandsubstituteamyriad,flimsy, individualrafts?Theydesignedto pullthemillenniumnearer;butwhy didtheypushthePopeafar?Asocialauroradawned,asthetheological perioddied.Butalack!thestormy storyofto-daysufficientlyrepeatsthe lessonthattheUtopia,pinklypeeking overthegoldenrimofthelastcentury,anddelightingourstruggling world,wasafigmentofwishes.amere mirage. Heavenisstillinitsorthodoxlocationbeyondthefartheststar:which, despitetheloftyProtestantTowerof Babel,seemsindeeddistant,whenone recallsthatAlphaCentauri,ournearestsiderealdiamond,istwenty-five millionsofmilesaway. Spiritually.muchoftheworldis worseoffto-daythanever;materially, itisnomorethanslightlybettercircumstanced.WhathasProtestantism got,andwhathasitgiven?Isitnot apoliteandpolishedfailure?Conceivedinunreasonableness,ithas foundreasontodissolve.Inconsistency,ratherthanconstancy,hasbeen itssoul.Wearywithwavering;sacrificingitsverysubstancetosuitthe shiftingdemandsofitschildrenitlies emaciatedandchill,abreathing corpse. Dr.FrederickLynch,inthe"ChristianWorld,"givessalientadviceto Protestantseminariesonmeansofattractingmorestudents,stimulating morelife.andsolvingtheempty-pulpitproblem.Psychology,pastoral psychologyheprescribesasamodern noteandneedintraining.Stresson preachingratherthanonsermon-writing,ishissecondpoint. ButtheDoctorseemstobeoffering ratherafar-fetchedemollientforthe irritatingstateofaffairs;notacure. Psychologyandelocutionwouldimprovethosewhocouldfillthevacant pulpits;butcantheyproducethem? riculachieflythathascausedenrolmentstodecline.Norisitaltogether thelowsalariespaidtheministry;for trulyreligiousvocationisblindtodollars,particularlywhenyoung Theunderlyingreason,perhaps,isa wantofconfidenceamongyoungmen, inthejusticeandmeritofseparated tatteigelChristianity;agrowingsense offdtTlfty.Havinggainedlittle,Protestantism,assuch,findsitselfdoing less.Thepurelysocialprogrammes whichitismarkingoutforitselfare aswell,ifnotmuchbetter,filledby otherinstitutions.Doctrinally,itis deficient;socielogically,isitastartlingsuccess?South,thematterof to-morrow,love:tobeonthesideof unmistakablesuccess.Thatiswhy theY.M.C.A.aidtheSalvationArmy aresopopular.The.:iswhyRome risesmoreglitteringthanever.Thatis atleastonegnatreasonwhythe spiritoftheReformationiswailing oversomanyempty'pewsandalmost emptyseminaries.