The Record Newspaper 31 March 1949

SovietZoneOustsGod

CorrespondentLiftsIronCurtain

MUNICH,March14.-(NC).-Thedismalconditions oftheCatholicChurchintheSovietzoneofGermanyare depictedbyOttoB.Roegele,aspecialwriter,intheCatholicmonthly,'Hochland,"publishedhere.

Therearenohymnals,no Bibles,nocatechisms,nochurch newspapers.Sundayisnot beingobserved,hewrites.There arenoconventsormonasteries, nopilgrimagecentres,andthere isnoliturgyperformedanywhere.Pastorsareleftentirelywithoutassistance.Publicschoolsarekeptfreeofall churchinfluence.Curriculum maynotrefertoreligiousmattersinanyform,andreligion maynotbetaughtinthe schools.Fromtheirfifthyear onchildrenmustattendkinder gartenswheretheyaresubject toMandanteachingsandinfluence.

InthewholeSovietzonethere isnotasingleCatholicschool, seminaryorcollege,according tothearticle.ThewholeterritoryispermeatedwithCommunistspies.Religiousyouth groupsarestrictlyconfinedto thechurchesproperandmaynot engageinanysortofpublicactivity.Thewholepublicatmosphereisarticulatelyantireligious.Religiousbooks,periodicalsandnewspapersmaynot bepublished.

Prelate Decorated

CANBERRA,Australia,March 18-(NC).-TheFrenchAmbassadortoAustralia,PierreAuge, presentedBishopAlainGuynotdeBoismenu,M.S.C.,retired VicarApostolicofPapua,with theFrenchGovernment'sCross oftheLegionofHonour.The 78-year-old,French-bornprelate wa,giventhedecorationinrecognitionofthehonourhehas broughttohiscountryindevotingalmosthalfacenturyofhis lifetothewelfareandadvancementofthePapuans.

AsaMissionaryoftheSacred HeartinPapua,hefoundeda nativeOrderofNunsandpromotedanativeclergy.

VATICANCITY,March18.(Radio,NC).-HisHolinessPope PiusXII.willofferhisownsecondvotiveMassofexpiationon PassionSundayinSt.Peter's Basilica,accordingtoVatican PressInformation.

InofferingasecondMasson thatday,April3,theHoly Fatherhimselfwillbecarrying outanexhortationhegavelast monthtoallpriestsandbishops throughouttheworldwhen'he askedthemtoofferasecond Mass"toexpiatethecrimeof theenemiesofGod."

MissionariesDecorated

SelflessService

MANILA,March17-(NC).--

ABelgianpriestandaFrench nunwereamongfivepersons whoreceivedtheNationalAward

PopeToReceiveChildren

VATICANCITY,March18.-(Radio,NC).-Approximately40,000childrenfromRome'sprimaryschools willbegivenapublicaudiencebyHisHolinessPope PiusXII.atnoon,April2,tomarkthe50th.anniversary oftheHolyFather'sordination.ThechildrenwillassembleinthelargeCortileBelvedereformedbythewalls oftheApostolicPalaceandtheVaticanLibrary.

foroutstandingservicefrom PresidentElpidioQuirino,atthe MalacananPalacehere.

Inhisaddressofcommendation,PresidentQuirinostated therecipients,"withoutthought ofself,havequietlydedicated theirlivesandtalentsforthe bettermentofourpeople."

Thepriestandnunarethe Rev.LeonQuintelier,I.H.M.,and MotherDamien,oftheSistersof St.PauldeChartres.

FatherQuintelierhasworked inthePhilippinesforfourdecadescaringforthefaithfulin mountainvillages.HewasimprisonedbytheJapaneseduring thewarforblessingAmerican graves.

MotherDamienhasbeenworkingamongthelepersofCulion since1909.

MissionDriveInU.K.

COLOGNEKIDSBACKWITHBROGUE

COIOGNE,March17-(NC).-FortyGermanchildren,whohadspentthreeyearsinIrelandastheguests oftheIrishRedCross,werefoundtohavealmostforgottentheirmothertongue,whentheycamehome.Sonic ofthegirlsandboysaddressedtheirbewilderedmothers andfatherswithanIrishbroguewhichthelatterwere unabletomakeout.Atotalof325Germanchildrenhave beeninvitedbytheIrishRedCrosssofar.Othersart tobeinvitedlater.

ByJOHNA.GREAVES (Correspondent,N.C.W.C.NewsService).

LONDON,March18.-Britain'sgreatgeneralmission,whichthisyearwillattempttoreacheveryparish inEnglandandWales,openedwithavisitbytwopriests toaformerLiverpoolcouplelivinginretirementona lonelyclifftopatPenzance-thesouth-westernmosttown andparishofEnglandinCornwall.

Thenationalmission,which eventuallyexpectstoreach nearly2,000parishes,serving some3,000,000Catholics,began withacallbythepriestsatthe homeofMr.andMrsLey,whose

AustralianCatholicsShow 2112erCentGain

FRANKFURT,March17.(NC).-TheCatholicActionorganisationofSpainhasassumed allexpensesarisingfromthe transportofseveralhundred Germanprisonersofwarbackto theirhomelandfromSpain. TheseprisonershadbeeninternedinSpainattheendofthewar andwillnowbepermittedtoreturntoGermanyafterprotract. ednegotiationswithalltheagenciesconcerned.TheFrenchGovernmenthasauthorisedtheir trapsitthroughFrancetothe Germanborder,wheretheywill bereceivedbyagentsoftheGermanCatholiccharitiesorganisation.

MexicoInMourning

MEXICOCity,March17-(NC)-AllCatholicshave beenurgedtohangblackribbonsontheirresidences, officesanddwellingsasasignofmourningforthereligiouspersecutioninHungary,bythe"BernardoBergoend,"acentreoftheMexicanCatholicUnion, Catholicsdressedinblackfor aone-day"campaign"ofprotestagainsttheregimeofBudapestrecently.Thesamecentre arrangedforaMasstobecele bratedattheMetropolitanCa-

Chile,Too

SANTIAGO,Chile,March17. -(CableNC).-Thousandsof Chileans,headedbyreligious andcivilauthorities,fatheredin thePlazadelaConstitution hereinanimpressiveactofreparationforthesentencingof HisEminenceJosefCardinal (Continuedatfootnextcolumn)

thedraltoprayforpeacein Hungary. Over25,000Catholicmenand womenmarchedfortwohoursin Guadalajara"inasilentmanifestationofprotest"forthesentencingofCardinalMindszenty. l'hewomenattendedholyhours attheSanctuaryofOurLadyof Guadalupeandthemenatthe Cathedral.

Mindszenty,PrimateofHungary, TheceremonyincludedamidnightMassandageneralCommunionbeforethePresidential PalaciodelaMoneda.ArchbishopMarioZanin,PapalNuncio toChile,offeredtheMara.

CANBERRA,Australia,March19-(NC).--Inthe 14-yearperiodbetween1933and1947theCatholicpopulationofAustraliahasincreasedbyover21percent.,accordingtotheCommonwealthCensustakenJune30,1947.

tralianpeopleadmittedno giousaffiliation.

In1933Catholicsnumbered reli1,288,997;in1947theynumbered1,569,726,anincreaseof 280,729.Theyarethesecond largestreligiousbodyintheDominion,comprising20.7percent. ofthepopulation.TheChurch ofEnglandleadswith30per cent.;Methodistsarethirdwith 11.5percent.,andPresbyterians fourthwith9.8percent.Slightly overtenpercent.oftheAus-

Trans-Jordan's Catholics

AMMAN,Trans-Jordan,March 17-(NC).-Littleisknownin Westerncountrieseitherabout theArabiankingdomofTransJordan,whichbordersonthe HolyLand,oritsChristianpopulation.Yettherearemany Catholicmissionsconductedby theLatinPatriarchateofJerusalem,underwhosejurisdiction Trans-Jordancomesasfaras theLatinRiteinconcerned.

Recentfiguresshow18LatinRitemissions,servedby21diocesanpriests,whoministerto 8,683faithful.Theyreceive helpthroughtheFranciscanCustodyoftheHolyLandfromthe world-wideGoodFridayCollection.Inthesemissionsthere are33schools,taughtby100 teachers,ofwhom35arenative ArabSistersoftheRosary.

homelooksoverLand'sEnd,the lastsightofEnglandofaship sailingacrosstheAtlantlic.

ThemissionersincludemembersofreligiousOrdersandvole unteerdiocesanpriests.They alsoincludeinvitedAmerican priests.Theyworkfrommorningtonightwiththespecialobjectiveofferretingoutlapsed Catholicsandbringingthemback totheirreligiousduties.Local publicitycampaignsarealsourgingnon-Catholicstoattendthe missions.

Everywheremissionerswill propagatetheFamilyRosaryand hopethatbytheendoftheyear thedevotionwillhavetakenfirm rootthroughouttheland.Hundredsoflaymenarealsotaking partinhelpingtoseekthe lapsed.

PostageStampsShow HolyLandTurmoil

AMMAN,Trans-Jordan,March17.-(NC).-Already much-troublelPalestinehasacquiredanothersetof postagestampsasaresultofitspartition.Inaddition toEgyptianandIsraelistamps,theeasternArab-held portionhasbeengivenamuch-neededpostalserviceby theTrans-JordanGovernment,whosestamps,bearinga portraitofKingAbdullah,boldlycarrytheword"Palestine"inEnglishandArabic.

Asregardstheword'Palestine,"alettersentfromJewishheldNazarethhasthatword carefullyscratchedoutonthe envelope.Anotherletterfrom aconventintheJewish-occupied partofJerusalemhasthewords "StateofIsrael"neatlywritten inafter"Jerusalem."

Jerusalembybus)reachedthe HolyCitysixweekslater.

War'sToll

Inmaterialstrength,Catholic missionsinNestsGuineahadbeen setbacktowhattheywere50 yearsagoasaresultofthewar, ItisstillforbiddentocarrysaidMistRev.StephenAppel_ lettersbetweenbidArabandbans,S.VD.,talkinginSydney JewishpartsofJerusalem.TheyonhisarrivalfromU.S.A.,where mtstbesentthroughthettedhewasrecentlyconsecrated Crossasbetweenenemycoup-.Vicar-ApostolicofEasternNew triesinEuropeduringthelastGuinea.MoralsofNewGuinea war, nativeswereadverselyaffected MailserviceintheHolyLandbythepresenceoftroopsinthe isslow-whenitservesatall.Aterritoryduringthewar,headdlettersentthroughtheRedCrossed,andthemissionshadtrouble fromRamleh(onehourfromwithnativereversionasaresult,

PersecutionOfChurchIsGrimReality

PoorPressCoverageOf SeriousMatter

Thefirstletterto-nightis from"TryAnother,"Belmont, whowrites:

"DearSir,-Inyoursession,the 'CatholicAnswer,'youhavefrequentlyprotestedagainstunjusttreatmentandevenpersecutionofCatholicsinEurope. Thatiseasytodoinacountrywhichissofarawayfrom Europe.NoaccountsarereportedinourdailypapersexceptthetrialofaCardinalin Hungary,soIhavecometothe conclusionthatyouareputting onashow.Ifthereis,asyou claim,apersecutionofCatholics,wewouldexpectthehead ofyourChurchtomakesome statementaboutit,buthehas notsaidacordYoucannot bluffme.Whatyouaretryingtoputoverusisnothing morethanCatholicpropaganda togetpeopletobesorryfor you.

"TRYANOTHER,"Belmont

youhavenoinformationother thanwhatistobegatheredfrom ourdailypapers,havethetemeritytosuggestthatthistalkof persecutionisjustpropaganda. Justforyourenlightenment, allowmetoquotepartofthe speechwhichthePopedelivered fromthebalconyofSt.Peter's inRometoavastandenthusiasticcrowdof200,000peopleon February21st.Hespokeasfollows: '

is,eveninhishumanweakness, invincibleandunshakeable,heraldoftruthandjustice,andthe principleoftheunityofthe Church.Hisvoicedenounces errors,idolatries,superstitions, condemnsiniquity,makescharityandvirtuetobeloved.

A.:Itisclearthatyouronly sourcesofinformationarethe morningandeveningpapers Youprobablydonotreadanythingofaseriousnature.We Catholicshaveatourdisposal, forinformationonmattersofinterest,ourownCatholicpapers, whichgettheirnewseitherdirect ontheradioorthroughthoseInternationalNewsAgencieswhich thinkmoreaboutmatterswhich mayeasilyaffectthehistoryof theworld,thantheydoabout sordidcrimes.Formorethana weekourdailypapershavecarrieddetailedaccountsandph:turesofthemaninEngland,who,itisalleged,succeededindisposingofthe bodiesofmanypeopleinorderto acquiretheirwealth.Butthere hasnotbeenasinglewordof themagnificentspeechdelivered bythePopeonthisveryquestionwhichyouraiseinyourletter.YousaythatthePope wouldhavesaidsomethingin publicifthingswereasbadasI say.Yetduringthepastweek everyCatholichasreadinhis paperthefulltextofhisspeech. Ourdailypresshasnotevenmentionedit,becauseracingnewsand murdersofagruesomenature areapparentlymorepalatableto itsreaders,thanthedifficultiesof theChurchfoundedbyChrist. Itisindeedanextraordinaryattitudeofmind,butitistheobviousoutcomeofamentalrevolt againsttruthascontainedinthe teachingofChrist.

"somans,belovedsonsand daughters:Onceagain,inagrave :aidgrievoushour,thefaithful peopleoftheEternalCityhas hastenedtoitsBishopandFather Unceagainthissuperbcolonnade seemsbarelyabletoclaspwith itsgiganticarmsthemultitude that,likewavesmovedbyaniriesistibleforce,arewashedupto thethresholdoftheVaticanBasilicatoattendtheMassofExpiation,inthecentralpointof thewholeCatholicworld,andto pouroutthesentimentswith whichtheirsoulsoverflow.The sentenceimposed-amidstthe unanimouscondemnationofthe civilisedworld-onthebanksof theDanubeonaneminentCardinaloftheHolyRomanChurch, hasstirredonthebanksofthe 'fiberacryofindignationworthyofthecity.

"Butthefactthataregimeadvelsetoreligionhasthistime smittenaPrinceoftheChurch veneratedbytheoverwhelming majorityofhispeople,isnotan isolatedcase.Itisoneofthe linksofthelongchainofpersecutionswhichsomedictatorial StatesarepursuingagainstChristiandoctrineandlife.

Canhe,then,besilentwhenin anationtherearetornfromthe centreofChristianityinRome, withviolenceandcunning,the churcheswhichareunitedtoher, alienthereareimprisonedall theGreek-Catholicbishopsbecausetheyrefusedtoabandon theirfaith,whentheclergyand thefaithfularepersecutedand arrestedbecausetheyrefuseto beseparatedfromtheirtrue tdotherChurch?

"CanthePopebesilentwhen therightofeducatingthevery childrenistakenfromthepar entsbyaminorityregime,that wouldliketoseparatethemfrom Christ?

"CanthePopebesilentwhen theState,exceedingthelimitsof ittcompetence,arrogatestoit,elfthepowerofsuppressingdio. ceses,ofdeposingBishops,ofups,stingtheecclesiasticorganisationsandreducingitbelowthe minimumrequirementsforthe efficaciouscareofsouls?

"CanthePopebesilentwhen thepointisreachedofpunishing withimprisonmentapriest guiltyofnotbeingwillingto violatethemostinviolableand sacredofsecrets,thesecretof sacramentalconfession?

"Isallthisperhapsanillegitimateinterferencebyuswiththe politicalpowersoftheState? Whocouldhonestlysayso?

whosehusband,whomshehaddivorced,wasstillalive,thatmarriagewouldbedeclarednull. Suchstraight-forwv.rdcases wouldnotneedtobesenttothe RomanRota;theywouldbedecidedlocally.Butallcases whichdemandcarefulenquiry, wherewitnesseswouldhavetobe carefullyexaminedandtestimoniestakenfromthepeopleconcerned,havetogobeforethe RomanRotaorcourtwhichdeals

MAKE-

withsuchmattersbeforeadecreeofnullitywouldbegranted.Ifthecourtdecidesthatthe marriagewasinvalid,thatthe partieswereinfactnotmarried atall,itwouldthendeclarethem free,andbothpartieswouldbe freetocontractanothermar. riage,thatis,ofcourse,ifthe causeoftheoriginalinvalidity wassuchthatitceasedtoexist.

Accordingtothelawsofthe Church,boysundertheageof 16andgirlsundertheageof14 cannotvalidlycontractmatrimonyThisishigherthanthe agelaiddownbyEnglishlaw, DonotthinkthattheChurchrecommendssuchveryyoungpeopletomarry,butshelaysdown alimitunderwhichshedoesnot considerthemcapableofenter-

(ContinuedonPage15.)

W.GLASSON YOURTAILOR Kalgoorlie

W.H.BRANCHStonehamStreet, OsbornePark. ESTIMATESGIVENFORALLKINDSOFELECTRICALWORK. BREAKDOWNSPROMPTLYATTENDEDTO.

Phones:BJ1157;W2406.

LOAM-.MANURES-GRAVEL

Yousaythatthissessionis tryingtoputacrossaclaimto persecution,'TryAnother."You willhavetoreadsomethingother thantheracingnews,divorce andmurdercasesifyouaregoingtotalkaboutsuchsubjects. ,NotonlyistheCatholicChurch beingpersecuted,buttheleaders ofeverydenominationthatlays anyclaimtopossessChristianity arebeinghoundeddownbythe enemiesofChrist.You,because

"Romans,theChurchofChrist followsthepathmarkedoutby tileDivineRedeemer.Sheknows herselfeternal;sheknowsthat shecannotperish,thatthemost violenttempestswillnotavailt submergeher;shedoesnotbeg favours.Thethreatsandthe injuriesofterrestrialpowersdo notintimidateher.Shedoes notmeddleinproblemspurely politicalandeconomic,nordoes shedeigntopassjudgmentupon theusefulnessortheharmof oneformofgovernmentoranother.ShegivestoCaesarthat whichisrightlyCaesar's,but cannotbetrayorabandonthat whichisGod's.

ThePope,byDivinepromise,

"MayGod,OurLord,reward youforyourFaith,belovedsons anddaughters.MayHegive youthestrengthforpresentand futurestruggles.MayHemake youvigilantagainsttheblowsof HisandyourenemiesMayHe brightenwithHislightthemind ofthosewhoseevesarestill closedtothetruth.MayHe concedetothemanyheartsstill farfromHim,thegiftofsincere returntothatFaithandbrotherlysentiments,whosedenial threatenthepeaceofhumanity."

Those,"TryAnother,"arethe wordsofthePopewhomyousay haslodgednoprotest.These statementsweremadebythe manwho,betterthananyone elseinthisworld,knowstheper secutionthatisbeingwaged againstChristianity,apersecutionwhichinitsviolenceandextentfarsurpassesthepersecution oftheearlyChurch.

WhenAMarriageIs DeclaredNullAndVoid

"Dogma,"VictoriaPark,writes:rendereditaninvalidcontract

"DearFather,-Onwhatoriginally Amarriagewhich groundscanamarriagebede-wasvalidcannotbedeclaredvoid daredbytheChurchtohebytheChurch.Letmemention void?" afewthingswhichwouldjustify

A.:Amarriagecanbedeclar-suchadeclarationofnullity.If, ednullandvoidbytheChurchforinstance,aCatholiccontractforanyreasonwhichwouldhaveedmatrimonywithawoman

PersecutionOfChurchIsGrimRealit

PoorPressCoverageOf SeriousMatter

Thefirstletterto-nightis from"TryAnother,"Belmont, whowrites:

"DearSir,-Inyoursession,the 'CatholicAnswer,'youhavefrequentlyprotestedagainstunjusttreatmentandevenpersecutionofCatholicsinEurope. Thatiseasytodoinacountrywhichissofarawayfrom Europe.NoaccountsarereportedinourdailypapersexceptthetrialofaCardinalin Hungary,soIhavecometothe conclusionthatyouareputting onashow.Ifthereis,asyou claim,apersecutionofCatholics,wewouldexpectthehead ofyourChurchtomakesome statementaboutit,buthehas notsaidawordYoucannot bluffme.Whatyouaretryingtoputoverusisnothing morethanCatholicpropaganda togetpeopletobesorryfor you.

"TRYANOTHER,"Belmont

youhavenoinformationother thanwhatistobegatheredfrom ourdailypapers,havethetemeritytosuggestthatthistalkof persecutionisjustpropaganda.

Justforyourenlightenment, allowmetoquotepartofthe speechwhichthePopedelivered fromthebalconyofSt.Peter's inRometoavastandenthusiasticcrowdof200,000peopleon February21st.Hespokeasfollows:'

"romans,belovedsonsand daughters:Onceagain,inagrave andgrievoushour,thefaithful peopleoftheEternalCityhas hastenedtoitsBishopandFather.

is,eveninhishumanweakness, invincibleandunshakeable,heraldoftruthandjustice,andthe principleoftheunityofthe Church.Hisvoicedenounces errors,idolatries,superstitions, condemnsiniquity,makescharityandvirtuetobeloved.

Canhe,then,besilentwhenin anationtherearetornfromthe centreofChristianityinRome, withviolenceandcunning,the churcheswhichareunitedtoher, alienthereareimprisonedall theGreek-Catholicbishopsbecausetheyrefusedtoabandon theirfaith,whentheclergyand thefaithfularepersecutedand arrestedbecausetheyrefuseto beseparatedfromtheirtrue MotherChurch?

whosehusband,whomshehaddivorced,wasstillalive,thatmarriagewouldbedeclarednull. Suchstraight-forwardcases wouldnotneedtobeseattothe RomanRota;dieywouldbedecidedlocally.Butallcases whichdemand'carefulenquiry, wherewitnesseswouldhavetobe carefullyexaminedandtestimoniestakenfromthepeopleconcerned,havetogobeforethe RomanRotaorcourtwhichdeals

MAKE-

A.:Itisclearthatyouronly sourcesofinformationarethe morningandevening papers. Youprobablydonotreadanythingofaseriousnature.WeCatholicshaveatourdisposal, forinformationonmattersofinterest,ourownCatholicpapers, whichgettheirnewseitherdirect ontheradioorthroughthoseInternationalNewsAgencieswhich thinkmoreaboutmatterswhich mayeasilyaffectthehistoryof theworld,thantheydoabout sordidcrimes.Formorethana weekourdailypapershavecarrieddetailedaccountsandpicturesofthemaninEngland,who,itisalleged,succeededindisposingofthe bodiesofmanypeopleinorderto acquiretheirwealth.Butthere hasnotbeenasinglewordof themagnificentspeechdelivered bythePopeonthisveryquestionwhichyouraiseinyourletter.You-saythatthePope wouldhavesaidsomethingin publicifthingswereasbadasI say.Yetduringthepastweek everyCatholichasreadinhis paperthefulltextofhisspeech. Ourdailypresshasnotevenmentionedit,becauseracingnewsand murdersofagruesomenature areapparentlymorepalatableto itsreaders,thanthedifficultiesof theChurchfoundedbyChrist. Itisindeedanextraordinaryattitudeofmind,butitistheobviousoutcomeofamentalrevolt againsttruthascontainedinthe teachingofChrist.

Onceagainthissuperbcolonnade seemsbarelyabletoclaspwith itsgiganticarmsthemultitude that,likewavesmovedbyanirresistibleforce,arewashedupto thethresholdoftheVaticanBasiiicatoattendtheMassofExpiation,inthecentralpointof thewholeCatholicvtiorld,andto pouroutthesentimentswith whichtheirsoulsoverflow.The sentenceimposed--amidstthe unanimouscondemnationofthe civilisedworld-onthebanksof theDanubeonaneminentCardinaloftheHolyRomanChurch, hasstirredonthebanksofthe Tiberacryofindignationworthyofthecity.

"Butthefactthataregimeadversetoreligionhasthistime smittenaPrinceoftheChurch veneratedbytheoverwhelming majorityofhispeople,isnotan isolatedcase.Itisoneofthe linksofthelongchainofpersecutionswhichsomedictatorial StatesarepursuingagainstChristiandoctrineandlife.

"Romans,theChurchofChrist followsthepathmarkedoutby theDivineRedeemer.Sheknows herselfeternal;sheknowsthat shecannotperish,thatthemost violenttempestswillnotavailt submergeher;shedoesnotbeg favours.Thethreatsandthe injuriesofterrestrialpowersdo notintimidateher.Shedoes notmeddleinproblemspurely politicalandeconomic,nordoes shedeigntopassjudgmentupon theusefulnessortheharmof oneformofgovernmentoranother.ShegivestoCaesarthat whichisrightlyCaesar's,but cannotbetrayorabandonthat whichisGod's.

ThePope,byDivinepromise,

"CanthePopebesilentwhen therightofeducatingthevery childrenistakenfromthepar entsbyaminorityregime,that wouldliketoseparatethemfrom Christ?

-CanthePopebesilentwhen theState,exceedingthelimitsof ittcompetence,arrogatestoitselfthepowerofsuppressingdio. ceses,ofdeposingBishops,ofupsettingtheecclesiasticorganisationsandreducingitbelowthe minimumrequirementsforthe efficaciouscareof

"CanthePopebesilentwhen thepointisreachedofpunishing withimprisonmentapriest guiltyofnotbeingwillingto violatethemostinviolableand sacredofsecrets,thesecretof sacramentalconfession?

"Isallthisperhapsanillegitimateinterferencebyuswiththe politicalpowersoftheState?

Whocouldhonestlysayso?

"MayGod,OurLord,reward youforyourFaith,belovedsons anddaughters.MayHegive vouthestrengthforpresentand futurestruggles.MayHemake youvigilantagainsttheblowsof HisandyourenemiesMayHe brightenwithHislightthemind ofthosewhoseeyesarestill closedtothetruth.MayHe concedetothemanyheartsstill farfromHim,thegiftofsincere returntothatFaithandbrotherlysentiments,whosedenial. threatenthepeaceofhumanity."

Those,"TryAnother,"arethe wordsofthePopewhomyousay haslodgednoprotest.These statementsweremadebythe manwlio,betterthananyone elseinthisworld,knowstheper secutionthatisbeingwaged againstChristianity,apersecutionwhichinitsviolenceandextentfarsurpassesthepersecution oftheearlyChurch.

withsuchmattersbeforeadecreeofnullitywouldbegranted.Ifthecourtdecidesthatthe marriagewasinvalid,thatthe partieswereinfactnotmarried atall,itwouldthendeclarethem free,andbothpartieswouldbe freetocontractanothermarriage,thatis,ofcourse,ifthe causeoftheoriginalinvalidity wassuchthatitceasedtoexist.

Accordingtothelawsofthe Church,boysundertheageof 16andgirlsundertheageof14 cannotvalidlycontractmatrimonyThisishigherthanthe agelaiddownbyEnglishlaw. DonotthinkthattheChurchrecommendssuchveryyoungpeopletomarry,butshelaysdown alimitunderwhichshedoesnot considerthemcapableofenter(cwiatinwesonPaw.15.)

W.GLASSON YOURTAILOR Kalgoorlie

W.H.BRANCHStonehamStreet, OsbornePark. ESTIMATESGIVENFORALLKINDSOFELECTRICALWORK. BREAKDOWNSPROMPTLYATTENDEDTO. Phones:BJ1157;W2406.

LOAM-MANURES-GRAVEL-SAND

AnyQuantityDelivered.LandscapeGardener.Graveland BitumenCourtsConstructed.LawnsLaidOutandTop-Dressed.

Yousaythatthissessionis tryingtoputacrossaclaimto persecution,"TryAnother."You willhavetoreadsomethingother thantheracingnews,divorce andmurdercasesifyouaregoingtotalkaboutsuchsubjects. $NotonlyistheCatholicChurch beingpersecuted,buttheleaders ofeverydenominationthatlays anyclaimtopossessChristianity arebeinghoundeddownbythe enemiesofChrist.You,because

WhenAMarriageIs DeclaredNullAndVoid

"Dogma,"VictoriaPark,writes:

"DearFather,-Onwhat groundscanamarriagebedeclaredbytheChurchtobe void?" A.:AmarriagecanbedeclarednullandvoidbytheChurch foranyreasonwhichwouldhave

rendereditaninvalidcontract originally Amarriagewhich wasvalidcannotbedeclaredvoid bytheChurch.Letmemention afewthingswhichwouldjustify suchadeclarationofnullity.If, forinstance,aCatholiccontractedmatrimonywithawoman

GreenlandCatholicIn1002

(N.C.W.C.NewsService).

NARSARSSUAK7Greenland,March10.-Relics thefirstCatholicChurchintheWesternHemisphereare amongthemementoswhichtheRev.JamesP.McDermott,ofBrooklyn,chaplainoftheU.S.AirCorpsbase here,willbringbacktotheUnitedStateswhenhistour ofdutyends.

Theruinsofthechurch,built bythemotherofLieftheLucky, anddedicatedintheyear1002, areatthelittleGreenlandvillage ofKarsiarssak,justacrossthe fjordfromtheAmericanheadquarters. Someofthestones withwhichthechurchwasconstructedhavebeenpresentedto FatherMcDermottbytheDanish authorities.Heplanstoturn themover,hesays,toMsgr.

JamesH.Griffin,Chancellorof theMilitaryOrdinariatunderHis EminenceFrancisCardinalSpellmanforsuchinvestigationof theirauthenticityasmaybe necessary.

Furtherinvestigationonthe spotis,unfortunately,impossible, asKarsiarssak,likeallother Greenlandsettlements,isclosed toAmericantroopsunderterms ofanagreementwithDenmark bywhichairbasesareoperated here,andFatherMcDermott hasbeenunabletovisitthespot inperson.

Ruinsofthechurchundoubtedlyarethere,andthisNarsarssuak valleywtssthesiteofthefirst homeoftheVikingEriktheRed whenhecametoGreenlandin 982afterhehadbeenexiledfrom Icelandforamurder.Erikhimselfremainedaheathen-and,accordingtoallaccounts,apartieularlyviciousone-totheendof hisdays.HissonLiefwasa quitedifferenttype,gentle,scholarlyandapparentlyanintrovert. EriksenthimbacktoNorway forsuchsmatteringsofaneduce_ tionaswereobtainableinthose days.

LiefcamebackaChristianand proceededtoChristianiseGreenland,whichbythattimehada

U.K.Rejects Trial

LONDON,March15.-(NC).-

Inasharpprotestnoteagainst thetrialandsentencingof15 Protestantchurchleaders,BritainchargedthatBulgariahasno intentionoflivinguptoherpeace treatyguaranteesofpoliticaland religiousfreedom.Asourceclose totheForeignOfficeindicated thattheBritishGovernmentmay "takestrongsteps"later.

Thenote,deliveredattheBulgarianForeignMinistryatSofia, saidthat''religiousfreedomin EasternEuropeisunderadeliberate,generalattack.ThroughoutthetrialtheBulgarianGovernmenthasshownitselfclearly moreinterestedinthedisseminationofpropagandathanin,the administrationofjustice.In ordertodestroythelibertyof thesechurchmen,ithassoughtto representconstitutionalopposition tothegovernmentascriminal andnormalsocialcontactsbetweenthepastorsandmembers ofHisMajesty's(Britain's)Legationasespionage."

populationofabout1,000IcelanderswhohademigratedbecauseofErik'shighlyexaggerat- edaccountsoftherichnessofthe land.Hecalledhisnew-found country"green"land,notbecause itwasgreen,butbecausehe thoughtthenamewouldattract settlers.

Fromthispointonthestoryis quiteobscure,basedonlyondebatablepassagesintheIcelandic sagas.FatherMcDermottbelievesextendedresearchinthe Vaticanarchivesmightwellturn upfarmorereliableinformation ontheNewWorld'sfirstchurch, sincetheGreenlandcolonyremainedincontactwithEurope fornearly400yearsandhadan extensiveecclesiasticalestablishmentFrequentreportsmust havebeenmadewhichmayhave beenpreserved.

AccordingtooneaccountLief himselfwasordainedinNorway. Accordingtoothersheonly broughtapriestbackwithhim inanyevent,hisfirstconvertwas hismother.OldErikwasfurious,butevenhisblackrages couldnotavailagainstthetide ofthenewreligion. Erik'smotherhadthechurch builtatKarsiarssak.Itisimpossible,ofcourse,toreconstruct anydetailsofitsarchitectureor anyofitshistory.Onlythe foundationstonesareleft.

TheftsSolved

AMMAN,Trans-Jordan,March 14-Radio,NC).-Aseriesof recentrobberiesatvariousBethlehemconvents,culminatingin thetheftofaciboriumandhosts fromthetabernacleoftheFranciscanparishchurchandjewelleryofferingsfromtheMadonna shrine,werepromptlysolvedthere bypolicewiththeapprehensionoftheculpritsandtherecovery ofmostoftheloot.

issionary

SHANGHAI,March14.(Radio,NC).-MissMariette Dierkens,32,anurseandmemberofaCatholicmissionary groupknownastheLayAuxiliariesoftheMissions,ofBelgium,wasshotandkilledatNankingonthenightofMarch11,it waslearnedhereto-day. Agraduatematernitynurseafteryearsofexperienceina Brusselshospital,MissDierkens respondedtoaknockatthegate oftheDispensaryofTrueChao ity,whichshestaffedwithfour otherBelgiannurses.At,.tne doorshefoundfiveorsixpersons, whoaskedformedicalaid.

Afterashorttalk,MissDierkenscalledforhelp,andthe ithernursesheardarevilver shit.Runningtoheraid,the FURNITURESPECIALISIS 35ETONSTREET,NORTHPERTH.

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MONTREAL-(NC).-There aretentimesasmanyCanadian missionariesservinginvinous partsoftheworldto-dayas therewere25yearsago,accordingtofigurespublishedbythe QuebecForeignMissionSociety.In1923therewereoats 285.To-daythetotalisapproximately2,800,ofwhom slightlymorethanhalfarenuns, approximately1,000arepriests, andtheremainderBrothers

RedStupidity

AnexampleofCommuniststupidityoccurredinthe Italianelectionpropaganda lastspring.TheCommunists said.TheCommunists distributedapostershowinga"bishop"blessingthe redregimeinCzechoslovakia,hecontinued.The propagandaback-firedas soonastheItaliansdiscoveredthatthe"bishop"in thepicturewasactually HisEminenceSamuelCardinalStritch,Archbishop ofChicago,whoneverwas inCzechoslovakia

STRUGGLEINBURMA&CEYLON

NEWYORK-(NC).-The struggleoftheChurchinBurma andCeylonwasemphasisedby BishopThomasJ.McDonnell, AuxiliaryofNewYork,andU.S. directoroftheSocietyforthe PropagationoftheFaith,ashe announcedthatthemissionintentionofHisHolinessPopePius XII.forAprilwillbe"TheIncreaseofMissionsinBurmaand Ceylon."

BishopMcDonnellpointedout thatBurmahasapopulationof 15,200,000,ofwhom140,300are Catholics.Thereare63native

MasteryOver HalfTheWorld

NEWYORK-(NC).-"IfNationalistresistancecollapsesin China,itisawholecont'nent thatwillbeCommunised,openingthewayforRussia'smastery overmorethanhalfofthe world'spopulation,"saysGeorge ('reel,journalist,andWorldWar I.,chiefofpublicinformation, inhis.book,"Russia'sRacefor Asia,"whichwillbepublished thismonthbyBobbs-Merrill

Mr.Creeldeniestheoften heardassertionthatChinese Communismisonlya"purelyna- tivemovement"bornofthepeo- ple'sresentmentofthedictatorshipofChiangKai-shek,andassertsthatChineseCommunism hasbeenunderRussiancontrol anddominationsinceitsfounding.

NurseShot

nursesfoundMissDierkensshot throughtheheadandunconscious.Shediedwithintenminutes.Themotivefortheshootingisnotknown.

MissDierkensandtheother nursescametoChinatwoyears ago,representinganewtypeof vocationintheChurchandestablishingthefirstChinafoundationoflayauxiliaries.Withthe othernurses,shelivedinapoorsectionofNankingwhilethey carriedontheirnursing,teachingandsocialwelfareactivities,Miss Dierkenswasmuchbelovedby thepoor.

ShewasanativeofBrussels. Herfuneraltookplaceatthe NankingCathedralto-day.

92ndPintOf BloodDonated

NEWYORK-(NC).-The Rev,AlexanderButkowsky,pastoroftheChurchofSt.Johnthe Baptist,Poughkeepsie,N.Y.,donatedhis92nd.pintofbloodto theAmericanRedCrosshere.

Thepastor,whoisknownas FatherBuddyamonghisparish-ioners,donatedhisfirstpintof bloodinDecember,1938,and savedthelifeofWillieKurdi, then13,whowasthepastor's altarboy.Theladwassufferingfromalungailment,butrecovered,andafewyearslater servedinthemerchantmarine.

Pedestrians,lookbothways.It pays.

Euthanasia Practised

NEWYORK-(NC).-There isaportionofDarkAfricawhich practiceseuthanasia-andit compulsory.

ButBishopWilliamPorter, VicarApostolicoftheGold Coast,isdoingsomethingabout it,accordingtowordreceived herebytheSocietyforthePropagationoftheFaith.

priestsand150foreignmissioners.Ceylonhasapopulationof 6,516,000,ofwhom460,000are Catholics.Thereare200native priestsand167foreignmissionens.

"InBurma,"theBishopsaid, "thenationalleadershavenot shownthemselveshostiletothe teachingoftheChurch.But theyhaveforbiddentheentrance ofanynewmissionersandthey reservetherighttoexpelany missionerwithoutexplanation. TheyhaverecognisedwhatbenefitstheChurchhasgiventheir countryinthepast,butfailto seethattheChurchinBurma needsthesupportofCatholics fromothercountries.Somemissionersareoftheopinionthat Communismwillgainastrong footholdinthatancientland."

TheBishopsaidthatinCeylon, theleadersareshowingaclear tendencytowardstatism."Catholicschoolsarebeingbitterly attackedbyahostileMinisterof Education,"hesaid."Underthe formerBritishregime,thesesame schoolsweresupportedbythe State"

Everytenthchildborntoa womanisabadomenandmust hedestroyed,accordingtothe superstitionsoftheNzimas,a tribeonthesultrywestcoastof Africa.But,withthehelpof somemedicalSisters,BishopPor_ terhassucceededinrescuing quiteanumberofthese"evil children."Frequently,headmits,abit'ofkidnappinghasto heresortedto.

Onesuch"evilchild"wasraisedbytheSistersandhasgrown tonormalwomanhood,married, andisraisingherownchildren. IncidentslikethishelpBishop Portertobreakdownsupersti- tionsandevilpracticesamong isolatedAfricantribes

Hisvicariatecontains800,000 people,ofwhom110,000areCatholics.Therearethreedispensariesstaffed.bytheLittle SistersoftheSacredHeart,but thereisnohospitalforlackof funds.Yet,becauseofundernourishment,tuberculosisisrampantamongGoldCoastnatives. Therearealsomalaria,leprosy, sleepingsickness,smallpoxand meningitis-andgreatneedfor ahospital.

LONDON,March17-NC1.MementoesofCardinalNewman, leaderofthe"SecondSpring"ofCatholicisminBritaininthe lastcentury,weredestroyed withotherpricelessmanuscripts inafireattheFellows'Library, OrielCollege,Oxford.

"MostDistinguished PSon

TORONTO,Ont.-(NC).-His EminenceJamesCardinalMcGuigan,ArchbishopofToronto, hassailedforRomefromNew Yorkonhisadliminavisittothe HolyFather.Shortlybefore sailing,hepaidpublictributeto LouisSt.Laurent,PrimeMinisterofCanada,whenPremierSt. LaurentattendedMassatSt. Michael'sCathedralduringavisit toToronto.

PrimeMinisterSt.Laurent,a Catholic,fromthecityofQuebec,wasamanwhoseprivate lifeandcharacterhadreflected honouronthepubliclifeofCanadaandontheCatholicChurch, "whichisproudofhimasher mostdistinguishedson,"theCardinaldeclared. CardinalMcGuigansaidthe sresenceofPrimeMinisterSt. Laurentwasanindicationofthe harmoniousrelationswhichexist betweenChurchandStatein Canada.

RYANANDBURNS

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IRELANDWINSRUGBYINTENATIONALTRIPLECROWN

Ahard-fought,hard-wonvictory,byfivepointstonil,forthe IrishRugbfteamovertheWelsh fifteen,wastherewardofthe thousandsofIrishsupporterswho travelledbysea,railand'plane toSt.Helen'sground,Swansea, forthematch.

rotfriIreland

POPEGIVES£12,500TO MAYNOOTHCOLLEGEFUND. HisHolinessPopePiusXII haspaidasignalhonourtoSt. Patrick'sCollege,Maynooth,by givingapersonalsubscriptionof £12,500tothefundwhichthe IrishHierarchyhaveopenedfor thisworld-famousSeminary. Thisisthefirstoccasiononwhich theHolyFatherhasmadeacontributiontoMaynoothorany othersimilarinstitutioninIreland.

expertfromNewZealand,inhis reportonIrishgrasslandstothe MinisterforAgriculture.

Nomagician'swand,however, wouldraisetbc-aret/cmfwppp wouldtransformpoorpastures intofirst-classgrazings,buta carefullystudied10-yearplan wouldraiseproductiononmany farmsbyfully100percent.,Mr. Holmesadded.

Thefactthatvictorymeant thatIrelandretainedherRugby TripleCrownandlaidthebogey oftheSwanseaground,where successhadeludedtheIrishteam since1889,wasaddedsatisfaction tortheIrishfollowersofthe game.ItwasalsothefirstoccasiononwhichIrelandwonthe TripleCrowninsuccessiveyears bydefeatingEngland,Scotland andWales.

IRISHPRESIDENT'SBIRTHDAYMESSAGETOPOPE.

ThePresidentsentthefollowingbirthdaymessagetothePope: "Ontheoccasionofthe73rd.anniversaryofYourHoliness'birth, IofferYourHolinessmostcordialfelicitationsandsincerest goodwishesforyourcontinued healthandhappiness.With feelingsofmostprofoundrespectanddevotiontotheperson ofYourHolinessandtotheSee ofPeter."

ThePresidenthasreceiveda replyasfollows:"IngratefulappreciationofYourExcellency's messageoffelicitationsandgood wishes,wecordiallyimpartto youandtotheGovernmentand peopleofIrelandourspecial ApostolicBlessing.-PiusPP. XII."

NEWNATIONALLOAN.

Mr.McGilligan,Ministerfor Finance,announcedintheDail thatanewnationalloanof £12,000,000atthreepercent. wouldbeissuedforpublicsubscriptiontofinanceschemesof economicandsocialbenefit,particularlyelectricitydevelopment andhousing.Mr.Lemass,announcingOppositionsupportfor theloaninviewofitsproclaimedpurpose,saidthattheywould alwaysapproveutilisationofthe State'screditfornationaldevelopmentschemes.

IRELANDTOJOINCOUNCIL OFEUROPE.

Therecentlyannouncedscheme oftheMinisterforAgriculture, Mr.Dillon,fortherehabilitation ofsome4,000,000acresoflandat acostof150,000,000overa10yearperiodwaslargelybasedon Mr,Holmes'report.

IRELANDPOPULARWITH BRITISHMOTORISTS.

TheBritishAutomobileAssotiationstatesthat11,733membersoftheAssocatontooktheir motorcyclestoIrelandlastyear.

NEWSTAMPISSUE.

Newairmail;tampswillbe onsaleonApril4.Theycorneletetheserieswhichbeganwith theissueofthe3d.and6ddenominationslastApril,andhave asimilarbasictheme-theflight oftheAngelVictor,messengerof St.Patrick,carryingtheVoiceof Irelandovertheworld.The AngelVictorisdepictedflying overGlendaloughinthels.issue, andovertheRockofCashelin the1d.issue.

TURFBOGSTOBE DEVELOPED.

Itisworthyofnotethatthe movementthatledtothewinning scorewasstartedbyaBelfast man,thattheballwastouched downbyamanfromCork,and thataDublinmanputtheseal upontheireffortsbyconverting thetry.

POLICEMENBECOMEMISSIONARIES.

SometenyearsagoSergeant JimO'Sullivan,anativeofWest Cork,wasstationedinTipperary,anddoingallthedutiesexpectedofaconscientiousofficerof theyeace.Buthewasnotdestinedtospendallhistimeet policework,andonedayhesurprisedhiscolleaguesbydiscardingtheuniformforthehumble habitoftheOblateFathers.The sergeantoftenyearsagoisnow ap.iestattachedtothatOrderat Crewe,andrecently,inDublin, heconductedaRetreatwhich wasattendedbymanyofhis formercomrades.

AtthesametimethatSergeant O'Sullivanenteredthepriesthood twoothermembersoftheforce didlikewiseTheywereSergeantJamesShore,anativeof Kilkenny,nowapriestinAuckland,NewZealand,andGuard J.Rafferty,whoisnowachaplainintheAmericanForceswith therankofmajor.

TheIrishHighCommissioner atLondonwassummonedtothe BritishForeignOfficeonthe8th. March,andhandedaletterfrom Mr.Bevin,theBritishForeign Secretary,invitingIrelandtoattendaconferenceonthesetting upofaCouncilofEurope.The invitationwassentbythefive WesternUnioncountries-Belgium,Britain,France,LuxemburgandtheNetherlands-ana wassignedbyMr.BevinasrepresentingthehostGovernment. March28hasbeensuggestedas thedateoftheconference.

InaddtiontothefiveBrussels treatyStatesandIreland,four othercountrieshavebeeninvited -Denmark,Italy,Norwayand Sweden.'Itisunderstoodthat theIrishGovernmentwillaccept theinvitation,astheproposed Councildoesnotenvisageany militaryordefencecommitments. Mr.MacBride,MinisterforExternalAffairs,willattendthe meeting.

NEWZEALANDEXPERTREPORTSONIRISHGRASSLANDS.

"ThereisnoareaofcomparablesizeintheNorthernHemispherewhichhassuchmarvellous potentialitiesforpastureproductionasEire,"statesMr.G.A. Holmes,M.Sc.,theworldgrass

DetailsoftheGovernment's new£10,750,000schemetodecloptheturfindustryweremade availablerecently.Drainageand thepreparationofbogswillcost about£6,500,000,whileafurther 14,250,000willbespentinbringingthebogsintofullproduction. Thesefigureswillbringthe totalexpenditureonturfdevelopment,includingthefirstplan setoutinthe1946WhitePaper, toabout£15,000,000. Altogether,theplansprovide fortheproductionof2,000,000 tonsofmachine-madeturfayear inaboutsevenyears'time.About 50bogsintencountieswillbe exploited.

INDUSTRIALTRAINING AGREEMENTWITHSWITZERLAND

AnagreementconcludedbetweenIrelandandSwiterland providesfortheexchangeofemploymentfacilitiesbetweenthe twocountriesforpersonswishing totrainandgainexperiencein industria7,technicalandother tradesandprofessions.Itwas signedbyMr.MacBride,Minister forExternalAffairs,andDrWalterdeBourg,SwissCharge d'Affaires.

Undertheagreement,Irish nationals,toamaximumof200 annually,mayreceivetrainingfor oneyearinSwitzerland.An equalynumberofSwissnationals willbegrantedcorresponding facilitieshere.Theagreement comesintoforceimmediately.

GOVERNMENTGRANTFOR DIOCESANAGRICULTUAL COLLEGE.

AnAgrnculturalCollegefor everydiocese!Itseemsavain wish,yettheMinisterforAgriculturehasgivenitfairpromise ofrealisation.

Theideawasconceivedin Clogherafewyearsago,when MonhignorFinnegan,atthat timePresidentofthediocesan seminaryinMonaghan,decided thatitwouldbeafinethingto givefarmers'sonsavocational traininginacollegeoftheirown.

Alargefarmwasboughtand convertedintoSt.Patrick'sAgriculturalCollege,withaclericol Superiorandresidentinstructors. LadswhoattendedtheCollege weregivenasolidfieldandtheqretietrainingingoodfarmingtheyweretaughttouseboth bookandplough-andalsoa soundliteraryeducation;andall thisinanatmosphereofCatholic spirituality.

TheBishopMostRev.Dr. O'Callaghan,supportedtheprojectwithenthusiasm,andrecommendedittothesupportof clergyandpeople. Nowcomesthegoodnewsthat thyMinisterforAgriculturehas madeagrantof£10,500tothe Collegewhichwillensureitthe materialmeansofsuccess,and hasgivenitwhatmatterseven more-officialapprovalandencouragementaspartofthenationalefforttodevelopaprogressiveandprosperousagriculture.Hehassaidthatevery otherdioceseoughttohaveaSt. Patrick's.

VIEWPOINT

Withthewintermonthsnow notfaraway-or,shallIsay, withtheendofsummerinsight -theseasonoftheplaygoer athand;andalloverthisfair city,andintherecessesofthe hinterland,fertilemindsaryl busyfingersareatworkonthe

Conductedby... DEGUSTIBUS

preparationofsomethingto"feed thebrute."

Perhapsitisnomerecoincidencethatthephraseidentifies theplaygoerwiththe'brute.if weexaminethecharacterofthe averageplaygoer-ifthereis suchananimal-wefindhimin-

ARTOF

vestedwithqualitieswhichare perhapsbestdescribedasbrutish. Heisdull,ill-mannered, coarse,insensitive,Hecan'tappreciateintellectualsubtleties, andifhecanbebroughttolaugh atallheissuretodoitatthe wrongtime.Thisisthe&MI

viewtakenbytheactor,of ccutse,inwhoseoverwrought mindthenightmareknownas the"averageplaygoer"exists. Yetitisonlybythewedding ofthesetwo-theactorandthe playgoer-thataplaycanbe barn.Theministerwhoper-

THEPLAY

formstheceremonyisthepro_ ducer.

Itwillbeseenthattoeffect thespiritualunionoftwosuch antipatheticquantitiesaproducermustexerciseskillwellabove theordinary.Itismypurpose heretodiscusshowitmaybe done.

DRAMATICILLUSION,

Itisnecessaryatalltimesto keeptheaudienceunderanillusion.Aspellmustbethrown overthespectatorsrightfrom thebeginning,andthisspellmust bindthemuntilthefinalcurtain. Dramaonthestageisnotmere photographicrepresentationof

PRODUCER

life.Theaudiencemustbeprojectedintoaworldotherthan itsownandheldthere.The maintenanceofdramaticillusion demandsfromtheaudienceacontinued"suspensionofdisbelief." Nobodymustbeallowedtosit backandsay:"Thisisallpoppycock."Dramaticillusionisessentialforalltypesofplays, andtosecureitmustbetheproducer'sfirstobject.Thecreationandmaintenanceofdramaticillusiongives"finish"toa play;itisaresultnottobe achievedbythefinalpolishofan experthandatthelastfewrehearsals;itissomethingtobe aimedatfromthefirstrehear sal.

SIGNIFICANCE.

Itistheproducer'sbusinessto determinewhatissignificantin thescript,andthentointerpret thatsignificancetotheinexpert layman.Significanceembraces boththegeneralmoodandintentionof.theplay,andthe numberlessminutiaewhichcumulativelydemonstratethatmood andintention.Howoftendo weseeamateuractorsfailingto "makeapoint,"withconsequent lossofcomprehensiononthepart oftheaudience."Anythingis dramaticallysignificantwhich advancestheplot,orvitalisesa situation,orilluminatescharacter, orillustratesmood,orgives pointtodialogueorlightens obscurity."(A.K.Boyd:"The TechniqueofPlayProduction.")

THECREATIONOFSUSPENSE.

Theelementofdramaticsuspenseisfundamentaltodrama. Itmustbesuppliedinthefirst instancebytheplaywright,but itisnonethelessthedutyofthe producertoworkforitatevery pcssihleturn,makinguseofall significantdetailtoensurethat maximumbenefitisobtainedfrom thisverynecessaryiniredient Atmosphere,tempo,movement, orabsenceofmovement,the emotionalpitchofthevoice-all thesemustenterintotheconsiderationsofthevigilantproducer inhisquestformeansofintroducingsuspense.Thinkfora momentoftheopeningof"Macbeth."Theweirdsisters,creatureswho"looknotliketheinhabitantsoftheearth,"arepur- poselyplacedonthestageat curtainrisetoprovideatmosphereandbuildsuspense.They

speakonlyafewlinesbeforethe scenechangesandthedialogue giveawaytotheprosaicutter aicesofbuncan,butwhatan opportunityfortheimaginative Herehecan tobearlightingandsoundeffectswhichimmediatelysetthe moodoftheplayTheaudience i-insuspenseuntilmoreis knownoftheserepulsivehags andtheirpartinthedrama.

DRAMATICCLIMAX.

Anywell-writtenplaypossessesanemotionalrhythm whichissuesatmanypointsin littleclimaxesallleadingtoa finaldominatingclimax.Not onlythefinalcurtainhasits climax,buttheact,thescene,the episodeandoftenthesentence mustbesoregarded.Theproducerhastoanalysetheplay forthesehighlightsandfaithfullyreproducetheminaction. Hereitmaybewelltoadmonish theproducerthathisprimefunctionistointerprettheintention ofanauthortotheaudience.Irrespectiveofhisownviewsinthe matter,hemustbesincereinhis attempttobringaplaytolifetothatlifewhichwasplanned foritbytheauthor.Anything lessthanstrictfidelitytothis principleisanunjustifiableinterferenceinthedomainofthe playwright.Ifaproducerfeels thathehassomethingimportant tosayhimself,heshouldwrite hi:ownplay.

BALANCE.

Thelastfunctionofthepro- duceristopreservebalancein whateverheundertakes.This refersbothtothepartsofthe playandtothecharacters.No sceneshouldbeallowedtodetractattentionfromthemain plot,andnocharactershouldbe allowedtoappearasa'scenestealer."Sincethesympathyof anaudienceisall-importantin theultimatesuccessofthatpiece, theproducermustseetoitthat audiencesympathyisdirectedto therightquarter. Itwillbeseenfromallthe foregoingthattheproducer;s reallythekeymaninanyplay. Unfortunatelyheisoftenarose borntoblushunseen;hemust gethissatisfactionfromwatchingtheaudienceenjoyhisplay. Iftheplayisasuccess,fewwill rememberhim;butifhefalls downonhisjobthecriticsare quitelikelytokickhim.

ThemarriageofPhyllis,seconddaughterofMr,andMrs. N.F.B.McKay,ofBenjaBerring,W.AtoKevin,youngestson ofMr.andMrs.OwenMcCabe,ofEssendon,Victoria,wassolemnisedwithNuptialMassatSt.Patrick'sCathedral,Melbourne,on Thursday,27th.January,at9.30a.m.,byRev.FatherPerkins.

Thebrideenteredthechurchonthearmofherfather,wearingatrainedgownoffinewhiteneedlerunlaceembroideredwith tinysilverbends.Herfulllengthraw-cuttulleveilwasheld inplacewithacoronetororangeblossomShecarraata motherof-pearlprayerbook(lentbyhersister-Mrs.()Neil), alsotrailersofgardenias,stephonotisandlilyofthevalley.

Matronofhonour,Mrs.JohnAyres,woreafull-skirtedfrock ofpastelpinkorgandie,swathedbodiceandtinypuffedsleeves, pinklacemittensandcrinolineandtullebonnet.

Bridesmaid,MissBarbaraMcKay(asisterofthebride),wore abluegeorgettecrinolinefrock,skirtcaughtupwithhunchesof pinkandblueflowers,withbluemittensandcrinolineandtulle bonnettomatch.Mrs.AyresandMissMcKaycarriedbouquets ofhydrangeasandsweet-peas,alsopinkandbluevelvetbags- giftsofthebridegroom.

BestmanandgroomsmanvvreMr.TomMcCabeandMr.Bill McCabe,brothersofthebridegroom.

ThebreakfastwasheldatHotelWindsor,massedflowers decoratingthetables.

Thelargeone-tieredcakewasdecoratedwithafestoonand asprayofgardeniasandlilyofthevalleyontop.

Thehappycouple,spenttheirhoneymoonatGeelongand Queenscliffe.

Mr.andMrsMcCabewill,maketheirhomeinLaunceston.

FILMWORLD

"TheFoxesofHarrow,"showingatthePlaza,mayeasilybe confusedwiththefoxesofHollywood. Agenerationbefore theAmericanCivilWar,Stephen Fox(RexHarrison),ariverboatgambler,becomesaLouisianaplantationowner.Hecalls theplaceHarrow,andimportsa beautifulbutAtverycompliant vixen(MaureenO'Hara)tobecomeMrs.Foy. OntheirbridalnightStephen Betsdrunkandbreaksdownher bedroomdoor.Althoughthey seemtodonothingbutsnarlat eachotherfromthenon,ason iseventuallyborn.Asasortof judgmentagainstthemtheson isbornclub-footed.Stephen workshardtomakeamanof him,toohardtosuithismother. Eventuallythelittleboy,hearing hisparentsquarrel,fallsdownstairsanddies.Thestockmarketdoesthesame.Mrs.Fox "earlsherhusbandinthedenof hisfancyladyandimploreshint tocomebarkandtrytosave whatisleftoftheirworldly goodsandtheirlives.Heisjust gettingaroundtothelatterprote"t,withhisfirstco-operation fromher,whenaftertwolong hoursthepictureends.The

Australian Films

TECHNICOLOUR DOCUMENTARIESIN PERTH

To-night,atthePerthTown Hall,thepublichasanopportunityofviewingfourdocument.. aryfilmsdealingwithinteresting phasesoftheAustraliancountryside.

Thefilmswereshownatapreview.intheAssemblyRoomof theInstituteofEngineers(Gled- denBuildings)lastweek.The makersofthefilmsareStuart GoreandJanKennedy.

Insharpandpleasingtechnicolour,thefilmstreatscene whicharetoolittlepublicisedin Australia.Thereisanexcellent cinematicrecordoftheroute coveredbytheTranscontinental Railway,andmanyunusual shotsoftheNorth-Westandfar Northofthiscountry.Atall timesahighdegreeofphoto- graphicskillhasbeenbroughtto bearonthesubjectsportrayed. Theearlymorningscenesof Melbourneshowparticularartistry.

Thecommentarycoulddowith alittlerevision.Thedialogue does fectlynotalwayssynchronisepersentation.withthepictorialrepreandafewfactualerrorsandfaultsofdictionwere alsonoted.Morelivelinesscould havebeeninfusedintothespeaking.

Neverthelessthefilmsarewell worthavisit.Itisnotoften wehavethechancetoseeour country'revealedtoussointimatelyandsocharmingly.

-DEGUSTIBUS

moralappearstobethatmoney isn'teverything,butIwouldrtill liketoknowsomeofRex's gamblingtricks.

SEEAUSTRALIAFIRST! PREMIEREOFFILMS OFTHE FARNORTH

ForFirstTimeonAnyS.2reen.InGloriousColour. "TRANSCONTINENTAL," "NORTH-WESTDIARY," "SOUTHERNHIGHWAY," "NORTHOFCAPRICORN."

FREMANTLETOWNHALL

FRIDAYandSATURDAY,8thand9thAPRILAT8P.M. ADMISSION:3/-,2/6,2/-(plustax).

BookingatShepherd'sNewsAgency. NOWSHOWINGATPERTHTOWNHALL.

IPIbis &fore.

ThisiswhatyouwillsayafteryouhavejoinedtheH.A.C.B.S., theONLYCatholicBenefitSocietyinW.A.,andascertainthewide rangeofBenefitsatsuchlittlecost.

DoyouliveinC'LAREMONT?YourBranchSecretaryis Mr.E.J.O'Connell,17TaylorRoad,Claremont. TheSocietyhasfundstolendonmortgageatcurrentratesto membersornon-members.

FullparticularsfromTHEGRANDSECRETARY,W.ANKEOGH, THEHIBERNIANAUSTRALASIAN

HolyWeekCerenionies

ListOfSacredMinisters

PALMSUNDAY:

10.45am.:SolemnBlessing ofthePalms,followedbyHigh Mass.

HisGracetheArchbishopwill solemnlyblessthepalmsand presideatHighMasa.

Celebrant:VeryRev.Dean Rafferty,Adm.

Deacon:Rev.J.Hogan.

Sub-Deacon:Rev.M.Ryan.

AssistantDeaconsatThrone: RtRev.MonsignorMoss,Rt. Rev.MonsignorKennedy.

AssistantPriest:Rev.J.O'FarrelL DeaconsofthePassion:

Christus:Rev.D.F.Burke, C.M.

Narrator:Rt.Rev.Monsignor Goody.

SynagogueiRev.TPrendiville.

7.30p.m.:Devotions. Preacher:VeryRev.J.P.Wilkinson,C.M.

SPYWEDNESDAY.

730p.m.:Tenebrae.

Presiding:HisGracethe

Archbishop. Chanters: Rev.T.Ahern;Rev.J.McGillicuddy.

Lamentations:

1.Rev.T.Prendiville,

2.Rev.C.Stinson.

3.Rev.J.McGillicuddy.

Lessons:

4.Rev.T.Ahern.

5.Rev.J.Byrne.

6.Rev.J.Depiazzi.

7.Rev.M.McKeon.

8.Rev.J.McNamara,

9.RevK.Duffy.

ChoirforTenebrae: Revs.T.Ahern,J.Bourke,M. Brennan,H.Brennan,M. Byrne,J.Depiazzi,K.Duffy, J.Fitzgerald,J.Griffin,J. Hogan,A.Johoston,R J.McGillicuddy,M.McKeon, J.McNamara,E.McSweeney, J.O'FarrellV.O'Sullivan,T. Prendiville,JRafferty,M. Ryan,S.Sorohan,C.Stinson. Preacher: Rev.E.Sullivan.

HOLYTHURSDAY.

6.45-8:30a.m.:HolyCommunion

9.30a.m.:PontificalMassand ConsecrationofHolyOils. Celebrant:HisGracetheArchbishop.

3p.m.:StationsoftheCross. Preacher:RedemptoristFather 7.30pm. Tenebrae.Ason SpyWednesday. Preacher:RedemptoristFather.

HOLYSATURDAY:

8.30a.m.: BlessingofPaschalFire. BlessingofPaschalCandle. ChantingoftheProphecies. BlessingoftheBaptismal Font. ChantingoftheLitanies. HolyMassandVespers. TheCeremoniesbytheVery Rev.RectorandStudentsofSt. Charles'Seminary.

EASTERSUNDAY:

10a.m.:PontificalHighMass. Celebrant:HisGracetheArchbishop.

Deacon:RevJ.Hogan.

Sub-Deacon:Rev.J.O'Farrell. AssistantsatThrone:Rt:Rev. MonsignorMoss;Rt.Rev. MonsignorKennedy.

AssistantPriest:VeryRev.J.P Wilkinson,C.M.

1.HolyWeekMusicwillbe underthedirectionofRev.A. Lynch.

2.Ceremonieswillbedirected byRevs.RKellyandJ.Depiazzi.

3.TheMinistersoftheHoly Oilswillvestasfollowing: Priests:Amice,Alb,Cincture, StoleandChasuble. Deacons:Amice,Alb.Cincture,StoleandDalroatic. Sub-Deacons:Amice,Alb, CinctureandTunicle. ALLwillbringtheirownvestments,andvestbeforeHoly Masscommences.

4.OnHolyThursdayall PriestsandMinisterswillassembleintheChapterHalland goinprocessiontotheCathedral.

CricketAt Aquinas

OnWednesday,23rd.March, theCollegeXI.wasdefeatedby GuildfordGrammarSchoolinthe secondDarlotCupmatchofthe y,arontheAquinasOval.Battinefirst,Guildfordcompiled 152,TomIvankovichsecuring4 for27andGarrettCullity4for 40.InreplyAquinasscored96, RayLauriecompiling36and GarrettCullity22. AtGuildfordthesameday,the AquinassecondXLdrewwith GuildfordGrammarSchoolsecondXI.TheGuildfordiansscored88,MervynShehansecuring2 wicketsfor4.Atstumps Aquinashadlost5for48,Kerry Fogartybeingnotoutfor23. InthethirdXI.match,Guildfordscored103,JohnPanizza taking2for14.Aquinasscored99,BernardScahillmaking 16,IanSmith18,JohnChurach 15,andKyranO'Donnell13

TheAquinasfourthXI.dismissedGuildfordfor80,andreplied with8for96,EdwardByrne scoring28,PaulLeeson16,and MichaelBrick14.

OnSaturday,the5th.XI.from AquinasplayedHaleSchoolIt King'sPark,andrepliedtoHale School's56with7for159, MichaelWrightscoring36and JohnMajor27.Bowlingfor Aquinas,FrankHardwicktook 4wicketsfor18.

TheAquinassixthXI.scored 49,anddismissedHalefor39, PeterSermontakingfourwickets for7.

5.MorningCeremoniesinthe parishesshouldbeoversufficientlyearlytoenableallPriests toattendtheCathedral

6.OnlythosePriestsselected fortheChoirareexpectedtoattendTenebrae.

7.Priestsappointedforany functionin-theCathedralmust provideasubstituteifunableto attend.TheM.C.shouldbe notifiedofanysuchchangeof Ministers.

ArchdeaconandAssistantPriest: Rt.Rev.MonsignorKennedy DeaconsatThrone:Rt.Rev. MonsignorMoloney;Rt.Rev. MonsignorMoss.

DeaconoftheMass:Rev.J. Hogan.

Sub-DeaconoftheMass:Rev.J O'Farrell.

PriestsoftheHolyOils: Revs.J.Fahey,J.McCormack, P.Carmody.CaO'Callaghan, ECollins,J.Lynch,E.Carolan,E.Sullivan,Oblate Fathelr,RedemptoristFather, JesuitFather,andVincentian Father.

DeaconsoftheHolyOils: Revs.F.O'Connor,F.Ryan,C. Stinson,J.Brosnan,E.McBride,T.McCaul,J.Murphy.

Sub-DeaconsoftheholyOils: Rev.E.McSweeney,J.Walsh, MDelahunty,H.Brennan,J. Fitgerald,E.McKenna,E. Rogers.

Sub-DeaconCross-Bearer: Rev.M.McKeon.

7.30p.m.:Tenebrae.Ason SpyWednesday.

Preacher:OblateFather.

GOODFRIDAY: 10am.:MassofthePresanctifled.AdorationoftheCross.

Presiding:HisGracetneArchbishop.

Celebrant:Rev.J.Hogan.

Deacon:Rev.C.Stinson.

Sub-Deacon:Rev.T.Ahern

AssistantsatThrone:Rt.Rev. MonsignorMoloney;Rt.Rev. MonsignorMoss.

AssistantPriest:Rt.Rev.MonsignorKennedy.

Lector:Rev.KDuffy.

DeaconsofthePassion: Christus:Rev.D.F.Bourke, C.M. Narrator:Rt.RevMonsignor Goody. Synagogue:Rev.T.Prendiville

Sub-DeaconandCross-Bearer: Rev.J.J.McGrath. Preacher:Rev.J.McNamara.

8.Thefollowingwillprepare anddispatchtheHolyOils: Rev.FathersT.Ahern,J. Bourke,JMcGillicuddy,J. Doyle,J.Depiazzi,J.Murphy,J. Hogan,P.Carmody.

9:Confessions: SpyWednesday:12to1p.m.; 4to6pm.;andafterTenebrae. GoodFriday:AfterStations andTenebrae. HolySaturday:12to1p.m; 4to6pm.;and7.30p.m. onwards. HisGracetheArchbishoprenewsforthePriestsoftheArchdiocesethefollowingfaculties grantedtohimbytheHolySee:

1.Thefacultybywhichpriests, fortheconvenienceofthe faithful,areobligedtobinate onPalmSunday,mayomitthe readingofthePassionatthe SecondMass.

2.Thefacultybywhichpriests areauthorisedtoomitthe readingofthePropheciesin theMassonHolySaturday..

FactsOfLifeFor.Parents

Itwasannouncedrecentlythatheadteachersofboys' andgirl',highschoolsinPerthhadapprovedoftheshowingtotheirpupilsoffilmsgivinginstructiononsex.This. movefollowed,presumably,uponsimilaractivityinLondon,andisadvocatedbywell-meaningpeopleunderthe mistakenimpressionthattheloosesexualmoralityofour days,especiallyamongyoungpeople,isoccasionedbysexualignorance."Definitely,thehush-hushaboutsexin thepasthasbeenwrong,"saidoneheadmaster."Ithas ledtochildrengettingsexinformationinthegutterand byotherundesirablemeans."Now,inthisrespect,it shouldhenotedthattherehasprobablyneverbeenatime inhistorywhensexknowledgewasmorefrequentlyand widelydiffused-bytheprintedword,thespokenword, andfilmy,andtheradio.Moreover,thetraditionalChristian standardsofsexualmoralityhaveeitherbeensoignored orcompromisedthatforonelackingadogmaticfaithit hasbecomeconfusingtodifferentiatebetweenwhatisdecentandindecentbothastotheknowledgereceivedand tothemediumofitsreception.Whenbirth-prevention, 'sterilisationandartificialinseminationaresowidelyaccepted,itcannotbewonderedatthatthesexualstandards ofthenationasawholearedeplorablylow.

Henceitisclearthat,particularlyinyoungpeople, evilpracticesaretheeffect,notsomuchofignoranceof intellectasofweaknessofawillexposedtodangerous occasions.Inaddition,thereisaspecialdangerarising fromattemptsatsexeducationinasecularistatmosphere. Formerewill-powerwillnotavailindefinitelytopreserve chastity'unlessitissupportedbythesupernaturalaidsof Grace.Naturalismis,unhappily;theinsufficientbackgroundofthesecularistphilosophy,andinthisinstance isresponsibleforthedangerousassuranceofthosewho imaginethatthevirtueofyouthcanbesafeguardedby precautionaryinstructionbasedonvagueidealismand dreadofdisease.Itisinterestingtonotethatinthe AustralianBroadcastingCommissionwisercounselshave prevailedonthissubject.Thechairmanrecentlydeclaredthat"broadcasttalksonsex,nomatterhowwellintentioned,arelikelytodomoreharmthangood."That alsowastheconclusionreachedbytheParliamentary StandingCommitteeonbroadcastingin1946.Theview thatsexeducationshouldbepersonalandindividual,and wasaparentalresponsibility,isincompleteharmonywith craditionalChristianpractice,andwouldavoidthearousingofmorbidcuriosityintheyoung.

Thereareobviousperilouseffectstobeanticipated. fromanyattemptatmassinstruction,particularlyWhen impartedbyavisualtechnique.Sexknowledgeisa matterwhichshouldbeimpartedgraduallyandaccord-

FatherFanning Dead

ThetragicdeathoccurredinRequiemMasswascelebratedby St.JohnofGodHospital,Subi-Rev.FatherMcSweeney(chap- TheArchdioceseaco,onthe27th.inst.,ofRev.laintoSt.JohnofGodHospi- FatherJamesPhillipFrancistal),assistedbyRev.Dr.E. Fanning,attheageof72years.Sullivanasdeacon,andRev. Archbishop'sEngagements ThelateFatherFanningwasFatherDepiazziassub-deacon. April3rd.: borninCo.Tipperary,Ireland,'HisGracepresidedatthe 9a.m.:CelebrateMassatSt.onthe25th.June,1876AtanMass,assistedbytheRtRev. Munchin's,Gosnells earlyagehecametoNewZea-MonsignoriE.MossandL. April10th.(PalmSunday); landandreceivedhisearlyedu_Goody.Rt.Rev.MonsignorE. 11am.-St.Mary'sCathedral: Kennedy,V.G.,wasAssistant cationintheMaristBrothers' SolemnlyblesspalmsandpreCollege,Auckland. Priest.Alargenumberof AfterabrilliantscholasticCa- sideatSolemnHighMass. Priests,BrothersandNunsat- April heenteredtheUniversityof April13th.(SpyWednesday): tendedtheMass,andagroup

7.30p.m.:PresideatOfficeofNewZealand,andafterwardsofsixtyoftheladsfromClore. Tenebrae. joinedtheNewZealandEduce-tartformedaguardofhonour April14th.(HolyThursday):tionDepartment.Hewasnear-forthefuneralcortege.

9.30a.m--St.Mary'sCathe.-lyfiftyyearsofagewhenhede-HisGracerecitedthelast drat:Pontificate. tidedtoentertheSacredPriest-prayersatthegraveside,assist- 7.30p.m.:PresideatOfficeofhood.HistheologicalstudiesedbyRev.FathersJ.Brosnan, Tenebrae. werecompletedattheGregorianE.Rogers,andR.Kelly. University,andhewasordained April15th.(GoodFriday): Amongthosepresentatthe

10a.m.:PresideatMassofinRomeonthe21st.March,RequiemMassandatKama- Presanctified. 1931. kattawerethefollowing: hSP ineptemertin

3p.m.:AttendStationsoftheHearrivedRt.

Rev.MonsignorJ.Mal- Cross. ber,1931,andhisfirstappoint Rt. p.m.:PresideatOfficeofmentwastoNortham,asassist.oney;VeryRev.DeanT.Leni- Tenebrae.ant.Heremainedheretillban;Rev.FathersA.Johnston, 1931,andspentsometimeasD.Lenihan,T.MCCaul,T.O'Gor- April16th.(HolySaturday): locumtenonsatBridgetownanman,M.McKeon,J.MO'Grady, d 8.30a.m.-St.Mary'sCathe-Busselton.From1934-1940heJ.Leech,Kenny,J.Dunne,J. WM'chaplaintoClontarfBoys'Ahern, day atHolySatur- Carmody,J.Brosnan,T. Ceremonies. FRegan,M.ByrneJ.Lynch,J. Town,andlaidthefoundations April17th.(EasterSunday): McGillicuddy,J.Doyle,P. ofmanyfirmfriendshipsthat 10a.m.-St.Mary'sCathedrallastedtothegrave.PresentatO'Connor,FKearnan,M.Dela- -Pontificate. hisRequiemMasswereseveralhunts,,J.O'Callaghan,J.Bourke, April24th.(NewmanSunday):OldBoysofClontarfwhomheF.Robinson,C.SS.R.,VeryRev. 8a.m.-St.Mary'sCathedral-hadhelpednotonlyduringhisFatherJoyce,C.SS.11,J.Hogan, celebrateMass. .T.Fahey,M.Brennan,3Rus- periodofchaplaincy,butalsoin Sell,F.Ryan,J.McGrath,Fr. MINOWININIMIWYNNIMMAINWPMAN.lateryears.InMarch,1940,he McCormack,A.Lynch,J.Mc- wastransferredaschaplainfo PERPETUALNOVENAIN Nnmara,M.Giles,J.Wallace,E. theHomeoftheLittleSistersof HONOUROFOURLADYthePoor.From1941to1946Rogers,Fr.Pace,C.Stinson,S. OFTHEMIRACULOUS MEDAL hewaschaplaintoAquinasCol-1411V,ECollins,E.Carolan,F. Byrne,S.Sorahan,VeryRev. lege.ThelateFatherFanning wasalwaysagreatfriendtothePrReidy,JBoylan,P.Dunne, Novenadevotionsare boys.Indeedheusedoftenre-VeryRev.FathersBarden,SJ., markthathelovedbeinginboys. T.'ossiter,C.M.,Wilkinson,C.M.; ompany"Theymadeyoufeel young,too,"heusedoftenre- -7-A mark.WhilstatAquinasheRev.BrothersCrowley(Chan,nteredfullyintothelifeofthe

eachWednesdayeveningat conductedintheCathedral H.Brennan,A.Omaemeier, 7.30p.m.

ZrfGheB:ys(CaTsotlwedna)re)."tervrtYe;

LENTENSERMONS. College,andwasanenthusiastic Rev.FatherWilkinson,C.Mfollowerofthesportingcornpe-"stoney(Aquinas),Murphy 'Terrace),KeeneyandBoulter M.A.,H.11ip.Ed.,RectorofSt-.itions. Charles'Seminary,willcontinueInMarch,1946,hetookhis(Bindoon). hiscourseofLentensermonsinlongleave,andonhisreturn,Messrs.J.Jackson,E.C.Lo- theCathedralonSundaynightowingtoillhealth,heretired,an,J.Firth(VictoriaPark Thetitleofthesermonwillbe'fromactiveworkin1947.HeFI.N.S.),RonBolitho,J.Callag- "OurLordandOurRedeemer."wasforsometimeatEsperance,'-an,E.LeB.Henderson,E.C. andthenreturnedtoClontarf.O'Mahoney,VinWhite,P.McHewasstayingwiththePallo-Guire,J.RBourke,H.Lake,W. MassTimeTablestineFathersinRivervalewhenHoran,W.Malone. hewastakentoSt.JohnofMesdamesW.Horan,Keogh, ROTTNEST. GodHospital,Subiaco. E.C.O'Mahoney. MassonallSundaysandHoli- TheOfficefortheDeadwas MissesMargaretFitzgerald, daysofObligationuntilfurthersungforthereposeofhissoulbyAnneFitzgerald,NellieFitzger- notice.FortimesofMassesvisi-thePriests'Choir,andSolemnaid,E.T..Slattery,H.Coffey. torsarerequestedtoenquireat theHostel.

SCARBOROUGHPARISH.

UNITEDFRONT ingtoar.intimateknowledgeofthestageofdevelopmentScarborough:8am. DarwinConcert

CLEVELAND-(NC).-Apro-

NorthBeach:FourthSundayin cfeachindividualchild.Massinstructionprecludesthis month,7a.m.AllotherSun- posalforameetingbetweentop personalandgradualapproach,andeveryteachercan worldProtestantleadersandthe days,9.15a.m. AconcertinhonourofSaint ROCKINGHAMPARISH. Patrick,PatronSaintofIreland, bearwitnesstotheharmfuleffectsofsuddendisclosures Vaticanonreligiouslibertyhas wagheldattheCatholicPalaisbeenreferredtotheexecutive animmatureandunpreparedminds.Moreover,sexSundaysUntilFurtherNoticeHallinDarwinonSunday,MarchcommitteeoftheFederalCouncil knowledgecanrationallyberelatedonlytomarriageorto SafetyBay:".30a.m. 20th.,1949. ofChurchesofChristinAmet- continence,andthesematterscannotbeconsideredpurely Rockingham:8.30a.m. Anaudienceofoverp00,com-Icabyastudyconferenceheld orevenprimarilyfromtheaspectofphysicalfunction.

VICTORIAPARK. pricingafullcrosssectionofallhereunderthecouncil'sauspices. Spiritua'andpsychologicalconsiderationsofthehighest MasstimesatSt.Joachim'speopleinDarwin,wasinattend-The460delegatesatthecon- ance. Church,VictoriaPark,havebeen ference,representingnearlyevery importare,involvedwhichcannotbetreatedinanyade-altered to7,8,9,and10a.m.onTheartistsparticipatingrepro-matorProtestantdenomination quatefashionbythevisualtechnique.Ifitistruethatpar-Sundays. tentedallracesresidentinDar-itthiscountry,referredthepro-

BELMONTPARISH, win,includingFilipinos,Chinese,posaltothecommitteewithout entalobligationofimpartingthefactsoflifehaslargely

Belmont:7.45a.m. Greeks,Italiansandmanyexiled brokendown,theobviousremedyistostarteducatingthe recommendationbecauseof"in Irishmen,notforgottingtwoloan-sefgeienttime"tostudyitThe parentsinatechniqueofimpartingsuchknowledge..It

Rivervale:7.30and9.30a.m.edCorkmenfromtheRoyal250-memberexecutivecommittee istoolargeapresumptionaltogetherfortheStateorforCarlisle:830am.. Navy,oneofwhom-Mr.MichaelhascalledameetinginNew individualteacherstoundertakeregardingotherpeople's Sweeney-comperedthepro-York. childreninamatterwheregreatandirreparableharm

NEWPRESBYTERY. grammeinaveryablemanner. oPrrke.sentedinastatementon maybedonewhenenthusiasmoutrunsdiscretion.

Theoverturewaspresentedby Rev.FatherMcCaulhas creerinmofreligionbytheRev. - recentlyacquiredapresby- alivelystringband,andthe teryatBassendean.The oneningitemwasamassed1:;141.,1,011.itiF.rendeqrioceiltAteNogldeen,ernailPseehil: RandolphKnapp B.BEECROFT,Butcher addressis15ParkerStreet, chorusofConventschoolgirls,retaryoftheWorldCouncilof Bassendean, whodelightfullyrenderedanChurches,theproposalreadin 181RokebyRoad,Sublace TrTishfavourite."TheDearLittlepartfollows: (W.A.O.A.)

SIGHT-TESTINGOPTICIAN. Sharnrock."Thegirlswerea"Both11,0ProtestantsandRo- lnly.Prime,FreshKilledMere Exposition nleasinggroupintheiraerie-manratholies,aswellasmany sold eleenschooluniformsandwhiteOrthmlny,recognisethenecessity 12ATWELLARCADE, Phone:W137: PublicExpositionoftheMosthouses.andtheirperformanceofresistingtheextensionofSo- BlessedSacrament -1,1552. isheldinthethoroughlymeritedthespirited.,seteneirminiernhe-eneseofthe Cityonthefollowingdays:- epnlauseaccordedthem lb WEST-AUSTFAIIAN

TUESDAYS: Rightfromthesefirstpresen-t,ezonrcitstite,,smeest,hirordhsegwohniedhaftforinssest

ROOFINGSERVICE

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THURSDAYS: tiler"MountainsofMorns.""Webel;evethatthetimehas Aluminium,Red,GreenBrown,andBlack. LegionofMaryRooms,65St.(NB.:TheIrishmenlaughed,,,yr.fnrPreteetenraandRoman ROOM6(Basement),C.T.A.BUILDINGS, George'sTerrace(overBanklongestandloudestofall!) 69ST.GEORGE'STERRACE,PERTH,W.A. N.S.W.).Mass.8a.m:Rosary. ---- - - teadershinoiiitonobog specifically pron rRtholi,s,atthe to oel 2n.m.:Benediction,5.20p.m InattentionmaybringPoliceI..-

TELEPHONE:B2206. (Rosaryreciteddailyat12.30Courtmention. rectedtotheissueofreligious and1.30p.m.). Roadsafetymeansyoursafety.freedom.

ByFRANCISGILBERT

InseminationImmorality

Itwouldseemthatthe"planning"ofhumanlifehasreacheditslastcrazypeakwiththe debateintheHouseofLords aboutartificialinseminationBy thetestofanysystemofmorals thewholegrotesqueproposalrepresentsviceatitsmoatdebasea level,Theproposaltosetup adonors'bankisthenightmare visionofmenwhohavenoGod andnohope.Theyarethe samepseudo-scientificcranks voho,forageneration,havebeen tryingtostiflehumanlife throughbirth-preventionpropaganda.Anythinggoes,apparently,exceptnaturalprocesses. Thereisanobviousdesignin nature,butitmustneverbe permittedtotakeitscoursebecausemenmadeintheimageof Godimaginethattheirdesigns aresomuchmorecompleteand realisticthantheAuthorof Nature,WhoisGodHimself.

Surelythisispriderunmad. Itiscertainlynotscience,for thatwordconnotesknowledge andthemostfundamentalkind ofinformationconcernstheomniscienceandomnipotenceof God.

Whateverdisputetheremight beamongpartiallyChristian peopleaboutthemoralityof theendofartificialinsemination,itisdifficulttoappreciate

howanyoneofdecencycouldapprovethemeanswhichbluntly involvemasturbation.Itwas shockingenoughtoreadofthe ArchbishopofCanterburyapprovingthisfoulbusinessinthe casewherethehusbandwasthe donor.Inthismatter,asin divorce,onceasingleexception isadmittedagainstthemoral order,thewholecasecollapses, for,contrarytotheproverb,exceptionsruintherule.

someoppositionfromthepress, whichnowreaistsfurtherextensionsofthesameprincipleof Stateusurpation. Oneglowsoldandhaggardin therepetitionofthefactthatwe areNOTseekingasubsidyfrom theState,butonlyouroval proportionoftaxcontributions forthemaintenanceofschools towhichwecaningoodconsciencesendourchildren. A. subsidyisgivenincharity,or througheconomicnecessity,,r politicalexpediency.Whatwe wantisjustice..Eventhe "WestAustralian"admitsthat wehavekepttaxesatalower levelandhavesavedtheState 'manyscoresofthousandsof pounds."Theyare'apparently contentthatthisisanequitable arrangementtowhichweare consentingparties.And,of course,thatcomplacencyof ?nindisverynaturalifyouare onthereceivingend.Thepoor Papists,however,feellikethe perpetualbenefactorswhomust givetill.ithurts.

Itisarumreflectionthatin thedemocracieswhichpropose toteachtheirdefeatedenemies their"wayoflife,"thereshould beontheonehandadeliberate campaignofdepopulation,which ultimatelyleavesthemwiththe problemofinvoluntarysterility, tobesolvedunnaturally,while ontheothertheyarestriving desperatelytoinculcateavoluntaryprocessofdisintegration (a.,inthepropagationofbirthpreventioninJapan)amonga peoplewhoprefertolivenaturally.Whateverpseudolscientitlepretencesurroundedcontraceptioninourcommunities, theuglymaskisoffnowandthe realpurposeoftheMalthusians islaidbare.Itisadesperately illogicalpositionfromanypoint ofviewbutevennon-Christians mustseethevilenessofit,especiallyasthecivilisedworld hasjustoutlawedgenocide.

'WhoseChildren?

Inthesorrybusinessofquilldriving,oratleastInthatdepartmentwhichconcernsitself withcommentary,asagainstreporting,thereisanunwritten LawofRelevancy.Thatisto say,thatoneusuallycomments onsomematterwhichisimmediatelybeforethepublicmind, Hence,Iwasextremelyastonishedtonotethatourmorning contemporarydevotedasubleader,duringtheweek,tothe subjectof"privateeducation" whentherehasnotbeenthe slightestpublicreferencetothe matterinrecentyears.That, however,islargelytheirbusiness;oursistheconsiderationof thevalidityoftheirviews.

Theonlyargumentadvanced againstthe"subsidisation"ofdenominationschoolsisthatsome willwishtoturnthesubjectinto sectariancontroversy,andthat "whiledissensionpersistsamong theChristianchurches,objectionswillalwaysbeseentotaxingtaxpayersofonesectforthe purposeofgivingeducation-includingreligiouseducation-to thechildrenofparentsofanothersect"Thisisacurious objectiontothegrantingoffinancialequitytothosewhocannotconscientiouslysupportthe Statesecularsystemofeducation,becauseinfactitsupports theCatholic.casefortheproportionaterefundoftaxationto niaintainALLdenominational schools.Weareobjectingpreciselytobeingtaxedforthe purposeofgivingfreeeducation to-thechildrenofsecularists. Thewholematterrests,of course,onthefallacythatthe secularschoolisreligiouslyneutral.Thatconditionofaffairs doesnot,andcannot,exist.The secularschoolisanti-religious, evenifthatbiasisuhconscious.

Thequestionofdissension amongtheChristianchurchesin nowayaffectstheprincipleat stake.Whileweagitatethat justicebedonefinanciallyto ALLreligionswhichmaintain separate'schoolsforconscientiousreasons,werealisethatthe Catholicschoolsystemstandsto gainmost.Fromtheangleof distributivejustice,thatisonly .air,seeingthatwehavesacriPeedmost.Itmakesmeurs happytorecordthatthereare somenon-Catholicssopossessed ofthenotionof"subsidy,"that Catholicswillgetsomethingto whichtheyarenotentitled,that theyactuallyopposeredressfor thedenominationalschools,includingtheirown.Others,who donotmaintainaseparateschool system,andwhoaretherefore fairlyjudgedtobehandin glovewithsecularism,adopta dog-in-the-mangerattitude. Theseareunpalatablefacts,but theydonotdetractoneiotafrom theunanswerablelogicofthe Catholicclaim."Fiatjustitia, ruatcoelum."

Moreover,whateverattitude isadoptedbynon-Catholicleaders,politicianswhopaylip-servicetomajorityopinionsshould situpandtakenoticeoftheextraordinarychangewhichhas comeoverpublicopinioninthe matterofreligiouseducation.

"TheWestAustralian"concludesthat"thereisnogood caseforthesubsidisationofdenominationalschools,"butisprepared.forsometaxconcessions onfeespaidtoprivateschools. Ifancythatacasewhichhas beenacceptedineverypartof theEmpire(exceptAustralia)cannotbe dismissed quitesolightlyevenwiththe throwing-inofaconciliatorysop. Ithinkthatthemajorobstacle inseeingourcaseintrueperspectiveisthatthereisconfusionabouttheprincipalsinthe, matterofeducation.ItiscommontoreadabouttheStateand "its"children.Thefactisthat childrenstill,belongtotheir parentsandnottotheState. HencetheprimaryrightineducationbelongstotheparentsifitistherightoftheStateto demandacertainminimumstandardpfeducation,therightof parentstospecifywhatkindof educationtheywanttheirchildrentoreceiveisnotthereby prejudiced,Norbyvirtueof theirdelegationoftheirteaching authoritytoothersdotheyforfeitthisriglit.Theconception ofasystemoffree,compulsory andseculareducation,wherein theStateexcludestheparents, ieunnaturalandtyrannical.and onetowhichwemightexpect

AccordingtoaGallupPoll surveypublishedinthepressof September,1948,nineoutoften Australiansfavourtheintroductionofreligiousinstructionin Stateschools.Thiswasastoundinginviewofthefactthat atleast10percentofthepopulationofthiscountrysubscribe tonoorganisedreligion,and henceagreatmanypeoplenow demandingreligionintheschool mustthemselvesbeproductsof thesecularsystem.Itisnot alonethenumberofindividuals involvedwhichisimpressivein thisconnection,butthenumber ofparentswhohaveaninviolablerighttoselectthetypeof educationtheywanttheirchildrentohave.

Therewouldbeplentyofargumentsastothemethodofimpartingsuchinstruction,butthe confessionalschoolhasthesame advantageasanestablishedbusinessoveraprojectedbusiness venture.ithassucceededand couldbemadetoworkgenerallyamongallthereligiousdenominations,thusleavingthe Statefreeofaresponsibility, whichitshouldneverhaveassumed.

SAFETY SLOGANS

ShortySez:Ifyoutakea chance,youmusttaketheconsequences.

HaveyourRacquetRestrungor RepairedbyNorm.Keast,expert stringer,14BonMarcheArcade.

"AbsoluteCzarismInPoliceState"

CHILEANENVOYLIFTSIRONCURTAIN

SANTIAGOMarch17.-RefusalbytheSoviettopermit hisdaughter-in-law,aRussian, toleaveRussiawithherhuebandisonlyoneaspectoflife inthatcountry,"apolicestate," where"therereignsanabsolute Czarismasintheworsttimesof IvantheTerrible,"theformer ChileanAmbassadortotheSovietUnion,declaredonhisreturnhere.

DonLuisDavidCruzOcampo, inanexclusiveinterview,with thiscorrespondent,toldhowhis eon,Alvaro,decidedtoremain inRussiatobewithhiswife, LydiaLessina,whowasbarred fromleavingthecountrydespite appealstointernationaltribunalsandtotheUnitedNations.Theformerenvoy,who returnedwithhiswifeandthree daughters,gaveagraphicdescriptionoflifeintheSoviet.

"Communism,accordingtothe preceptsofMarx,doesnotexist inRussia,"saidMr.CruzOcampo,innarratinghisexperiences duringastayofoneandonehalfyearsasAmbassadortothe UnionofSovietSocialistRepublicsandninemoremonths tryingtogethisdaughter-in-law outofthecountry.

"AccordingtotheCommunist Manifesto(ofMarxandEngels),, freedomhasnofrontiers;however,inpractice,inRussianow, onelivesbehindahermetical ironcurtain,anddrasticmeasuresaretakentoisolatethe Russianpeople--whoaregood andhardworkers-fromany contactwiththeoutside;thus theyliveamidstthegreatest misconceptions."

ItisdifficultforaWesterner tounderstandthepassiveattitudeoftheRussianpeopleinthe faceofthesystematicbrutality withwhichtheyaretreated,Mr. CruzOcampotoldme.Tounderstandit,itisnecessarytorememberthatitgoesbacktothe timesoftheCzars,whenitwas

CommunistIdealAMyth

ByRaquelTeleda

saidthat"amanwhoisnotcudgelledisafreeman,"Mr.Cruz Ocamposaid.Sinceto-dayworkersarenotbeaten,theyfeelthat theirconditionhasimprovedand thattheyarefreemen

"Nevertheless,manytimesI stoodinlonglinesbeforethe storesandshops,whichallbelongtotheState,withoutusing mydiplomaticprivilegesjustto learnatfirsthandtheconditions oftheRussianpeople,"Mr.Cruz Ocampowenton."Aftera longwait,IwitnessedthearrivalofanArmyofficer,amem-

Lawrence(Correspondent,N.C.W.C.NewsService). notpayrentnordamagescauz.withhisentirefamily. edtopropertyinhabitatedby them,becausetheGovernment vouchesforthemandexempts themfromanyresponsibility."'

Manyofthecustomsand practicesoftheso-calledcapitalisticcountriesexistinRussia.

"Tippingprevailsandtips mustbegiventoeveryone,"Mr. CruzOcamposaid."Atthe hotelwhereIlivedIhadtogive a28-dollartiptoaworkerwho movedmyfurniturefromone placetoanother.Theblack

TheeffortsoftheChancellery ofSantiago,oftheArgentine EmbassyattheKremlin,and theappealtotheUnitedNations werefutileduetothearbitrary Sovietattitude.TheSoviet lawsinvokedwereenactedafter theCruz-Lessinamarriage,and wereenforcedeventhoughby hermarriagesheacquiredChileannationality.

Astothepositionofthe ChurchinMoscow,Mr.Cruz Ocamposaid:

"ThereexistsinMoscowone

CommunismaccordingtothepreceptsofMarxdoes notexistinRussia a.PoliceStateruledbya privilegedclasswhoalsocontroltheBlackMarket 17millionsinconcentrationcamps The Russianpeoplearedeceivedonallplanesoflife. Theseareamongthesensationaldisclosuresmade recentlybyformerChileanenvoyDonLuisOcampo.

beroftheprivilegedcaste,accompaniedbyagroupofsoldiers, who,pushingandtramplingover otherswithoutanyneedwhatever,boughtprovisionsinlarge quantities,whilethepeople, whentheirturnarrived,were ableto'buyonly500gramsof sugar."

"Thisprivilegedcasteismade upofmilitarymen,policeand Governmentemployees,anddoes

HotelandAccommodationGuide

STANO'BRIEN.

COURTHOTEL, PERTH

'Phone:BA4261.

VICTORIAHOTEL

HAYiTREET,SUBIACO.

RenovatedThroughout. EssenceofComfort, WF.ARTIS,Proprietor. 'PHONE:W1479.

HOTELBEACONSFIELD

F1REMANTLE

OverlookingtheOcean

SuperiorAccomodation

E.BYRNE(LateofGrandand ShamrockHotels,Boulder) ModerateCharges

Oddfellows'Hotel SOUTHTERRACE,FREMANTLE BESTBRANDSSTOCKED.

NewlyFurnishedThroughout kLLWELCOME.

I.G.MULCAHY,Proprietor.

DUKEOFYORKHOTEL

NARROGIN

\Its'?Lounge,DiningRooms, andCommercialRooms ARTHURBOYLAN,Proprietor

PedericicContinualHotWater installedthroughout

Star&GarterHote

BERTSTARR-Proprietor Car.HANNANandNETHEI, COTESTS.,KALGOORLIE

WINTONPANHOTEL CORNERNICHOLSONAND DERBYROADS.

FIRSTCLASSACCOMMODA TION. WNLIGHTLY,Proprietor 'Phone:W2170.

SUBIACOHOTEL, SUBIACO.

FIRSTCLASSACCOMMODATIONANDSERVICE 'PHONE:W1028.

C.ROPER,Proprietor.

HOTELPERTH.

Cnr.BarrackandMurraySte. FORGOODSERVILEAND ACCOMMODATION, 'PHONEBA4488.

A.J.McHENRY,Proprietor.

KEOUGH'S

ForCATERING.

AnyNumber,Place,orTime.

ThreeReceptionRoomsforHire.

OnHire:Crockery,Cutlery.ane

Glassware,etc. 'Phone:B9454

GladKeough,NewcastleSt.,Perth

WereYouOneoftheLuckyOnesthisTime?

IFNOT,GETYOURTICKETFROMCHARLESWATSON&CO. £3,000for2/6.OtherPrizesbytheThousand 76BARRACKST.(nextWilsonandJohn's)

marketexistsasinanyEuropeancountry.Thoseprivileged bytheregimehavecontrolofit. InnearlyallRussiancitiesthe fooddistributionisinsufficient."

ThoughtheU.SS.R.saysthat itpaysthehighestsalariesto itsworkers,thetruthisquite different,theex-ambassadordisclosed,

"Theyfigureonthepurchasingpoweroftheroubleatthe rateoffiveforadollar,anda workerearnsbetween300to400 roublesamonth(60or80dollars),"hesaid."Inpractice, however,thepurchasingpower oftheroubleisahundredthpart ofadollar.

"TheCommunistidealisa myth.WhenIleftMoscowI learnedunofficiallythatover 17,000,000persons,themajority ofthemmen,areinconcentrationcampsperformingforced labour."

BeforeChilebrokediplomatic relationswithRussia,duetothe interventionofSovietagentsin strikesinthecoalregionsof Chile,AmbassadorCruzOcampo hadaskedhisGovernmentfora transferowingtothedifficulties createdattheKremlinbydisclosureofareporthemadeon thesituationinRussia.However,theSovietregimedenied departurepaperstoMrs.Lydia LessinadeCruz,hisdaughterin-law,allegingthatexisting lawsprohibitedRussiansfrom contractingmarriagewithforeigners.Forninemonthsthe 'ex-Ambassadorrefusedtoleave aslongashecouldnotdoso

PopeHI?

ItisreportedfromVaticanCitythatthoHoly Father-whowas73on March2--hassufferedin healthasaresultofthe strainimposedbythetrial andconvictionofCardinal Mindazenty,andistotake ashortrest.Heissaidto haveappearedverytired whenheaddressedthe gatheringidSt.Peter's Squarerecently.

CatholicChurch,whichthediplomaticcorpsandthepublic mayfreelyattend;itisincharge ofaFrenchandaNorth'Americanpriest.AllreligiousobjectsbelongtotheStateand, shouldtheyberemoved,the church,asidefrombeingbur- denedwiththelossisalsocalL edupontopayanindemnityto theState."

(TheMoscowCatholicchurch Mr.CruzOcamporeferstois theChurchofSt.Louisofthe French.TheFrenchpriesthe referstoistheRev.Jeande MathaThomasandtheAmerican,theRev.G.AntonioLaberge,whoearlythisyearsrrivedintheUnitedStatesona visktandwhosereturnvisa papershavesincethenbeencancelledbyMoscow,)

Mr,CruzOcampowentonto saythattheRussianpeopleare deceivedonallplanesoflife. Theauthoritieshailas"Russian"theworksofartofWesternculture.Thepeopleare toldthatpicturesoflifeinthe Westernworldare"Yankeepro- paganda"orphotographictricks. Theex-Ambassadorconcluded: "Worldrevolutionisthesole objectiveofRussia.However, itisdifficulttoforetellitsfuture;aninsiderevolutionwould hepossibleonlyintheevent thatWesternpropagandacould succeedinlettingtheRussian peopleseewhatactuallytakesplaceontheothersideofthe IronCurtainandjustwhatlife inademocracyis."

MR.

National Catholic Girls' MOVEMENT

HEADQUARTERS.

CouncilMeeting:April4,at8 p-nl

Leaders'TrainingCourse

BeginningApril6,andconsistingoffourfortnightlytalks. Thiscourseisforleadersoldand new,andwewouldbepleasedto receive.thenamesofgirlsintendingtoattendassoonaspossible.

Leaders'RetreatWeek-End:

NamesofgirlswishingtoattendthisRetreatwouldalsobe appreciated.Incidentally,itis tobeheldonthe23rd.and24th April.

"Beacon": "Beacon,"forApril,isnowtat Headquarters,andbranchpropagandistsareaskedtoarrange topickupsame.

Basketball:

Thegradingofallteamswill takeplaceatSt.Patrick'sBoys' Schoolat2p.m.onSaturday, April9.Allteamsmusthe presentinuniform.Theumpires'classeswillcontinueon Fridaynightsat5.30atD.I.S.C.AAllgirlswhoarerepresentingtheirteamsmustbepresentattheselectures.

CATHEDRALBRANCH.

Generalmeetingwillbeheld onTuesday,5th.April,inSt. Patrick'sSchoolat8.15p.m. Membersareremindedthatthis isourmonthlysocialmeeting, andarerequestedtobringsupper.

Nowthatthebasketballhas beguntherewillbepracticeseach Thursdayeveningat7o'clock, andonSaturdayafternoonsat2 o'clock,atSt.Patrick'sSchool. Membersofteamsareaskedto makeapointofattendingthese practices.

LegionofMarti

YCW ACTIVITIES

CATHEDRAL:

NextLeaders'meetingwillbe heldonWednesday,April6th, at8p.m.

Nextgeneralmeetingwillbe heldonTuesday,April5th,and willbefollowedbyacombined socialwiththeN.C.G.M.So don'tforgettobringsomesupperalong,boys.

Football:Aspecialfootball committeewillbeformedatthe nextgeneralmeeting. Basketballpracticeistoberesumedshortly.

HIGHGATE:

Football:TrainingwillcommenceonSundaymorning,the ard.ofApril,at1045,atHyde Park.Allboyswhoarekeen onfootballareinvitedtocome down.Physicaltrainingwillhe he'dinthehalleachTuesday night,commencing5th.April,at p.m.8

SOUTHPERTH:

Memberswhocangiveaneveningorafternoontohelpwith therenovationoftheschoolare askedtoletusknow.There stillremainsagooddealofwork tobedoneandmorehelpersare wanted.

Don'tforgettheresolution madeatthelastmeetingtotry andfindsomeaccommodation. Therewillbeasocialevening atMrs.Lawrence'shome,2 WestonAvenue,onFriday,8th. April.

CLAREMONT:

Table-Tennis:Don'tforgetthe tournamenttobeheldonFriday.8th.April

Social.On25th.March,asocialwasheldtowelcomeournew Chaplain,FatherGriffin,and alsotopresenttrophieswonduringthecricketseason. WelcomingFatherGriffintothe branch,ourpresident,RayGleeson,expressedhisconfidence:n FatherGriffin'sabilitytobuild thebranchintooneofthe strongestinWA.

S.I.C.NOTES

SODALITYNEWS.

March25th.,withitsvitally significantdoublefeastofthe AnnunciationandIncarnationof theWord,meantmuchtothe SodalistsoftheBlessedVirgin thisyear,asitwastobetheday oftheconsecrationofnewmembers. ThedailyRosaryintheChapel eachevening,andotherspecial prayerseachmorningafterHoly Mass,especiallyinthenovena immediatelybefore,weremade asaspecialpreparationforthe greatday.

Thedaywasfittinglyushered inbyageneralCommunionat HolyMass.

BeforeBenedictionoverthirty aspirantstotheSodalitywere officiallyreceivedbyRev.Father PeterO.S.B.,theCollegechaplain.Carefulpreparationofthe "AveMarisStella"andofthe "Magnificat"addedtothesolemnityoftheceremony.Indeed, thebluesashes,thelightedcandles,thesolemnquestionsand answers,andthewholesimple reremonvasalways,madeadeep impression Electionofoffice-bearerstothe Socialityhadearlierinthemonth resultedasfollows:President, BrianKelly;vice-president,BernardClone;councillors.Peter McEvoyandClementHill;secretary,JohnRyan.

H.A.C.B.S.

St.Patrick'sBranch-Cathedral Parish Despitemanydisabilities,such astemnor'aryillnessofsomeof theofficers,unreliabletransport, andprobable"black-out,"the meetingwasheldonMarch24th, Regretwasexpressedatthe continuedillnessofBro.JMcIntyre,butweallhopehewill soonbeupandaboutagain.

OursportsteamsmeetSt.

Kevin'satSubiacoafterournext meeting,whichwillbeonApril 7thandmemberswillplease notethatthebusinessofthe meetingwillbeginat7.30p.m.

44 DEATHS 4-4

BOLTON,PatrickJoseph.-Of yourcharityprayforthesoul ofPatrickJoseph,whodied 14th.March,1949. Onwhosesoul,SweetJesus, havemercy. -Insetedbyhislovingwife, Elizabeth,daughter,Mary,and son,William(deceased).

FARRELL.---,Inlovingmemory ofourdearfriend,Mrs.Farrell,whodiedMarch25th. R.I.P. AlwaysrememberedbyMrs. HughesandKitty.

ROONEY.-On26th.March,Angela.belovedwifeofWilliam J.Rooney,motherofKevin, Fat,MarieandBilly,ofManjimop,sisterofJoe.Laurie,and CecilHynes,ofWaterloo,and FatherR.Hynes,ofMoora. RIP. -InsertedbyRev.Father Hynes.

VFMNIA.-OnMarch26th.,at Subiaco,passedpeacefully away,Alice,widowsofthelate

DC.Vecchia,dearlybeloved motherofLeo,Mona(Mrs.(:. Clarke),andLucy(Mrs.G. Barron.

SweetJesus,mercy.

VF7CCFTIA-OnMarch?6th., atSubiaco.passedtohereternalreward.Alice,lovedand lovingmotherandmotI,er-.n; lawofLucyand(I:a-Iberia dsrlineerandrantherofKevin. MostSacredHeartofJesus, havemercyonhersoul.

q4INMEMORIAM÷

CLARKE,MaryTeresa-Sacred tothememoryofourdearwife andmother,whodepartedthis lifeon23rd.March,1942. -Insertedbyherlovinghusbandandfamily. Mayhersoulrestinpeace.

FORSALE

MtLawley Large 6-room brickhouse,inexcellentlocality.Vacantpossession£4,000.

Cannington:LargeJ.W.B.house, 8rooms,20acresofland; sub-dividedintoblocks.£3,000. Scarborough:ModernAsbestos home,6rooms;furnished. £3,000.

Leederville:LoftusStreet,brick house;goodcondition,Let totenant.£1,500.

Belmont:ModernHome,5 rooms;furnished.£4,500.

Midland:Twobrickhouses,4 rooms£2,000.

NorthPerth:Brick,tiled;furnished.£2,700.

Mt.Lawley:Nicebrickfurnishedhouse;selectlocality. £4,250

Ing'ewood:Brick,tiled;6rooms. s8,250

Claremont:OldJ.W.B.;letto tenantat15s.£550.Also blockadjoining.£350. Fremantle:Modern5room, brick,tiled;furnished.£3,000. Smallflatrequiredinexchange

Mt.Lawley:Brickhouse,letto tenant;5rooms.Goodposition,nearCarringtonSt.Convent.£1,800.

Narrogin:Largemodernhome; 4bedrooms:elaboratelyfurnished.£3,250, :NixedBusiness:Subiaco.£850, plusstock;alternativeaccommodationrequiredtorent.

Mt.Lawley:Brickhouse,6 rooms;nearintersectionWalcottandBeaufortSts.Let totenants.

TennisCourts:Fittedwith lights.Returns£6week £1,400.

SixhundredLegionariesattendedSt.Mary'sCathedrallast "rridayafternoonfortheannual LegionAcies.Theoccasional addresswasdeliveredbyRev, FatherM.B.Ryan,whospoke fromanallocutiongivenbyPope PiusXI.totheLegionin1933.

AftertheaddressthecolourduiceremonyoftheActofConsecrationtotheLegion'sQueen beganProceedingtothespecialLegionaltarplacedinthe Sanctuary,eachsurplicedpriest inturndeclared:"Iamallthine, myQueen,myMother,andall thatIhaveinthine."Thenthe layLegionaries,activeandauxiliary,inrankfourabreast, movedtothetwoLegionaltars erectedoutsidetheSanctuary rails.There,inpairs,placing theirhandsonOurLady's statue,eachLegionaryrepeated thedeclarationalreadymadeby theirspiritualdirectors,"Iamall thine,myQueen,myMother,and allthatIhaveisthine."

ThegeneralActofConsecrationfollowed,andthentheGOO stoodtosaytheMagnif.cat.

Theceremoniesendedwith PontificalBenedictionofthe BlessedSacrament,givenbyHis GracetheArchbishop.

PAVINGCONTRACTOR.

ExpertinBitumenandGravel Construction.

EstimatesandSpecificationsFre, TOMMURPHY, 251HamersleyRoad,Subiaco. 'Phone:W1570.

Trophieswerepresentedto toPeterGarbinandPhilDurkin. DuringtheeveningRogerRyan, gaveatalkontheServicesprovidedbytheY.C.W.

Football:AmeetingofintendingplayerswillbeheldinSt. Thomas'HallonSunday,10th. April,at10a.m.Trainingwill heheldimmediatelyfollowing themeeting

W.A.C.L.T.A.

Easter,1949,willwitnessthe revivalofthepopularcountry Carnival,whichwasafeatureof Associationactivitiespriortothe war. Nominationshavebeenreceivedfromsixteams,andthetotal numberofvisitorshavebeenaccommodatedattheShaftesbury Hotel.Matcheswillbeplayed atRobertsonPark,andsocial functionsarrangedforSaturday endSundayeveningsareasfol-

lows:

Saturday:Reservationshave beenmadeatthePagoda,and ticketswillbeavailableatRobertsonPark-subscription2/7,It isalsohopedtosecuretickets fortheTrottingmeetingthe sameevening.

Sunday:Asocialanddancehas beenarrangedintheHighgate ParishHallSubscription3s.

General:Clubsecretariesare remindedthatnominationsfor shieldmatchteamsaretobeit thehandsoftheSecretarynot laterthanApril19,1949.

VACUUMCLEANERS

POLISHINGMACHINES,ETC, bytheSpecialists.

ALLENANDGRANT

873aHAYSTREET,PERTH.

YourRequirements,whetherNewSalesorRepairs,canbe EfficientlyAttendedTo. 'PHONE:BA2150.

CatholicWomen'sleague

Theexecutivemeetingwillbe heldonWednesday,April6,at2 Pm. Thegeneralmeetingwillbe heldonWednesday,April13,at 2pm. Theroom;atNestleHouseare openeveryWednesdayfrom11 am.to4p.m. Themonthlybridgepartywill beheldonThursday,April28, at2p.m.,insteadofthesecond Tuesday.

CATHEDRALBRANCH.

Themonthlymeetingofthis branchistobeheldonMonday, April11,at8p.m.,intherooms, NestleHouse.

NF:DLANDSBRANCH.

Nedlanrlsbranchareholdinga socialandcardeveningon Thursday,April17,attheresidenceofMrs.JO'Dea,51Bruce Street,Ned:ands.'Acordialinvitationisextendedtoallmembersandfriendstoattendat8 p.m.

ClontarfBoys'Town

ANNUALFIELDDAY.

LOTTGALIN,Mary.-Ofyour charity,prayfortherenneeof thesoulofmydearlybeloved wifeandmother,whopassed awaysuddenlyonMarch30, 1947. SacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonher.soul -Insertedbyherhusbandand family.

ACCOMMODATION.

Kalamonda,accommodation offeredelderlyladyforwinter months,inreturncompanionship andlightservices;sharefoodexpenses.PleasereplytoBox 686,thisoffice. Wantedbysinglegentleman, fullboardwithCatholicfamily; NorthPerth,Mt.Lawlevarea preferred.PleasereplyBox572, thisoffice.

Accommodationoffered,with breakfast,twobusinessgentlemen;shareroom;privatehome; Mt.Lawley.Box578.

Sharehouse,offeredmarried couple;wifehousekeep,husband dogardening,etcPleasereply toBox580,thisoffice.

Youngcouple,beingmarried atEaster,urgentlyrequirehouse forpurchaseorrent,oralternately,parthouseorflat.Box 584,thisoffice.

Blocks:UllapoolRoad,Applecross,level,£130;ElveraSt., Palmyra,£100oroffer;Fir-TSeatPark,niceblock,70ft. frontage,£275;Scarborough, closebeach(noroadthrough), £100;TweedaleRoad,Applecross,£280;NinthAvenue, Jnelewood,£200;BeaufortSt., £150;Mt.Pleasant,riverview, £200;cornerGranthamand HarbourneSts.,Wembley,£200 Millinery:Cityshop,attractivelyfitted:largeprofits.£1,250 Wanted:DairyfarminSouthWest.14,800-15,000.

J.ALEXANDERHUNTAND

YOUNG, THEEYESOFREALESTATE.

81St.George'sTerrace. Tel.:B8816.

Readersareinvitedtosetaside. Sunday,May8th.,fortheirannualvisittoClontarf,where,in charmingsurroundings,theymay spendapleasantdayhelpinga worthyinstitution.Specialbuses willrunfromPerthandFrtt mantledirecttoClontarfatfreqtentintervalsduringtheafternoon.Donations,incashor kind,willhegratefullyreceived andacknowledged.AManches:. terParcel,valuedattwenty guineas,willheraffledBooksof ticketsmayhehadonapplicationtotheManagerofClontarf.

TIMEANDTIDEWAITSFOR NO-MAN,

Evenluckwillpassyoubyif youdonottakeachance.So waitnoAonger,huyatickettodayintheNo.474CharitiesConsultation.Firstprize£3,000.

Housefurnishedorunfurnished,orflatwantedformother andson.ApplyBox571,this office.

BOARDANDRESIDENCE.

Wanted,fortwoyoungmenin clerical'employmentincity; permanenc*preferredinprivatehome.RingBA2185,or replytoBox576,thisoffice.

WANTEDTORENT.

Englishcouple,urgentlyrequireunfurnishedorfurnished flatorhouse.Willingtobuy.fitringsorfurnitureifreasonable. Wreford,8VineStreet,Ascot, Brisbane.

Youngcouple,beingmarried atEaster,urgentlyrequirehouse, parthouse,orflatWouldonsiderpurchaseofhouse.Apply 585,thisoffice.

Wantedtorent,urgently, house;elevatedpositionessential;preferablynearCatholic churchandschool.Applyto' Box581,thisoffice.

AThorough Business Training

isessentialtosuccessforany girldesiringaBusinessCareer.

PARENTS!EnrolyourdaughtersforourJuniorSecretarial Course,whichensuresboththeoreticalandpracticaltrainingin allBUSINESSSUBJECTS. IfshebeginsNOWshewillbe workingbythistimenextyear. Callanddiscussthismatter withus.Ifyouareunableto call,writeor'phoneB6010, B6561forfulldetails.

CITYCOMMERCIAL

COLLEGE SHEFFIELDHOUSE, 713-21HAYSTREET,PERTH.

NoticeToSchools

Thefollowingadvicehasbeen receivedfromtheComomnwealth OfficeofEducation:"Asaresultofrepresentation madebytheMinisterforPostWarReconstruction,thePostmasterGeneralhasdecidedto grantbroadcastlisteners'licences freeofchargetoallschools.Representationsweremadeonthe basisofresearchconductedby theOfficeofEducation.TherelevantsectionoftheBroadcastingAct,asamended,nowreads: "Abroadcastlistener'slicenceor anyrenewalthereof,maybe grantedtoanyblindpersonover theageofsixteenyears,orwith theapprovaloftheMinister,to anyschool."Thisapprovalhas nowbeengiven.

Previouslyfreelicenceswere awardedonlytoschoolswhich hadanenrolmentofleasthan fiftypupils

Applications,forafreeschool licenceshouldbemadetothe SuperintendentoftheWireless BranchattheG.P.O.

Catholicschoolsareurgedto takeadvantageofthisconcession, andmayquotealetterofadvice receivedfromProfessorMills, DirectoroftheCommonwealth OfficeofEducation,ofMarch21.

UNIQUEC1OSS

Amother-of-pearlcrosshas beenerectedonthespireofOur LadyofI'eaceChurchin Broome,ofthepearlindustry.The cross,madefromthewoodofan irontreeandinlaidwithmotherof-pearl,whichisaboundingin thecoastalwaters,wasconstructedbyal'allottineBrother attheBeagleBayMissionstation,nearBroome. SacredHeartChurchatBeagleBay,isnotedforitsmagnifi centpearl-shellaltar,oneof Australia'scuriosities.

SELECTIONS

Saturday,April2,1949. (BeforeAcceptances.)

MasonMaiden:Jesting,1; LordNelson,2;TheWesterner, 3;Jonease,4: Handran-SmithHandicap:RadiantStream,1;StarDash,2; Jueness,3;BlueCheetah,4. ColeHandicap:ThanksLovely,1;LordWold,2;SanDomingo,3;PrinceSan,4. FraserHandicap:Churinga,1; Relate,2;FineTek,3;Yulika, 4. HooleyHandicap:Postmarc,i;GayTreat,2;Mion,3;Moor. ara,4. MongerHandicap(2):Miss' Celebes,1;Agricup,2;Amazing Duchess,3;PaperTalk,4. MongerHandicap(1):Thanks Lovely,1;Blaxland,2;Resound, 3;Jennie,4. TROTTING.

Bneeders'Handicap: Baby Grattan,1;BuennaLady,2; Queeda,8. CottesloeHandicap:Meteor Girl,1;Strettason,2;Roylander, 3. ClaremontHandicap:Gallant Chief,1;Corinthian,2;Mareche, 3 ScarboroughHandicap:Fly. ingSparks.1:LoganAgain,2;

HACKETTBURSARYAND COMMONWEALTHBURSARY

AnneE.Field,apupilofSt. Joseph'sCollege,Fremantle,has beenawardedaHackettBursary, valuedat£120,andalsoaCommonwealthBursary,valuedat £169,ontheresultsofherLeavingCertificateExaminationlast November.

Asonlyonebursarymaybe accepted,Annehaspreferredthe Commonwealth.Mayshework assteadilyandassatisfactorily inhernewsphereasshehas doneduringheryearsatSt. Joseph's.

HolyName Society

REPORTHIGHLIGHTS

ThedeathsofMr.W.Patterson,oftheDiocesanUnion,Mr. A.D.Willett,ofAlbany,and Mr.M.Kelly,ofBunbury.were recorded,andprayershadbeen offeredinallbranchesfortheir eternalrepose.

Sixty-fourbranchesareinoperation,withatotalmembershipof3,608,whichis83less thanlastyearTheattendancesatHolyCommunionrepre-

"FIATMIHISECUNDUMVERBUMTUUM..

"Accordingtothyword,somayitbe, Fiat,"thelow14.handmaidoftheLord Encompassesinfruitfulchastity

AnInfantinfinite,EternalWord Dependentforamother.HouseofGold, IncomparableTempleofHisGrace, 'Tisherstomurmur"fiat"orwithhold ConsentasCo-redemptrixofourrace.

TomotherHimwhosemightsustainsmankind, AndshareHisboyhood'sjoy,Hismanhood'scross, Isherfreechoice;unquestioningtofind Theimportofher"fiat,"gainorloss...

Theangelbowed,allstainlessMaryprayed, "Fiat."herprayer-andJesusChristwasmade.

-JamesJ.Muirhead,

BrilliantQueen,3. Free-For-All:Loudawn,1; Dallingwood,2;Catalpa,3.

MidlandHandicap:Chablis,1; GeneralWay,2;BlackSwan,3. HillsHandicap:Willack,1; SpanishPrince,2;WiseGeneral,3.

andateveningDevotions51percent.

Duringtheyearspecialdevo- tionstoOurLadyofFatima wereinauguratedandextended overthefivefirstSaturdays fromMaytoSeptember.TheannualrallywasheldatAquinas CollegeinOctober,andwaswell attended.

ThemembersoftheDiocesan UnionvisitedBunbury,Aquinas College,Northam,Dardanup, Goomalling,Belmont,Queen's Park,Collie,VictoriaPark,and York.

ARegionalRallywasheldat Northam,Ithasbecomean annualmeeting,ofgreatvalueto theSociety.

CopiesoftheConstitution, withaprefacebytheArchbis. hop,areavailabletoallbranches.

TheDiocesanUnionprotested againsttheiniquitoustreatment ofCardinalMindszenty.

QUID PRO OUO.

Advertisersspendhundredsofpoundsinour paper,andnaturallythey expectasubstantialreturnfortheirinvestment. Ourreaderscanco-operatewithusbymentioning "TheRecord"whenplacingtheirordersforgoods withthem.

SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES

SACREDHEARTHIGHSCHOOL HIGHGATE-PERTH BOARDINGANDDAYSCHOOLFORGIRLS. PupilsPreparedAllExaminations. ForProspectus-ApplyREV.MOTHERPRIORESS.PhoneB3810

CHRISTIANBROTHERSCOLLEGE GERALDTON

BoardingSchoolForCatholicBoys GRADE5TOLEAVINGCERTIFICATE.

ExcellentClimate-CoolSummer-MildWinter.

IdealSituhtion-overlookingChampionBay-afew minutesfromBeach.

EFFICTENTCOACHINGINCRICKET,FOOTBALL,TENNIS, ATHLETICS,SWIMMING,LIFE-SAVING,andBOXING.

'PHONE:Glon172. ApplyTHEPRINCIPAL

CHRISTIANBIL0'1.11ERS,MT.HENRY.

ONEOFTHEASSOCIATEDPUBLICSCHOOLSOFWA.

AQUINASCOLLEGE

Phones-HeadmasterandStaff:MU1862;Matron:MU1520, FORBOARDERSANDDAYSTUDENTS.

Boysadmittedfrom7upwards. BeautifullySituated,overlookingtheriver,nearthenewCanning ForParticularsapplyto- Bridge. ThePrincipal,AquinasCollege,('anningParade,Mt.Henry.

ST.ILDEPHONSUS'COLLEGE

NEWNORCIA

CONDUCTEDBYTHEMARISTBROTHERS.

BoysacceptedfromSixthClasstoLeavingCertificate EarlyApplicationissuggestedfor1949 ForProspectusandforcondit:,,nsgoverningenrolmentwritetn!

THEBROTHERSUPERIOR

LORETO CONVENT"OSBORNt" -- CLAREMONT BOARDINGANDDAYCOLLEGE. TheSchoolprovidesasoundeducationonmodernlinesinall branchesofstudy.Thepupilsarepreparedforallexamir.ations.TheSchoolisbeautifullysituatedbetweenOceanand River,inextensivegrounds,withfineplayingfieldsandprivate SwmmingPoolinRiver. Telephone:F2135. Apply-MOTHERSUPERIOR.

WEAVER&'LOCK

HIGH-CLASSAERATEDWATERS WESPECIALISEINCORDIALS. TEL.:MU1831. SUBURBANROAD,SOUTHPERTH.

CLONTARFBOYS'TOWN VICTORIAPARK.

ANNUALFIELDDAY

SUNDAY,8thMAY,1949

"We'reClonny

ItwasdarkinLondonthatnight.Alldaythewar ofnerve::hadrattledthewindowsandtakenitstolloflife andhopeandhappiness,andfoghadbeenwelcomedasa God-sentcamouflageblanketingthedesolation,andgiv'ngamerciful,fantasticbeautytothetwisted,still-smokingruins,andthegapingpavements.Shadowyfigures fadedoutofthegloomintothebrightnessandcomfort oftheBoomerangClub,whereallwaswarmandprotectedagainstthebitternight.

ThePadrewatchedthemas theycamein,twoladswith pilots'wingsontheirnavytunics Keen-eyedandimmaculate,in spiteofthedebristheyhadhad topicktheirwaythrough,they cameuptotheBar.

ThePadreroseandwentto standbesidethem.Thesmellof invisiblegumleavesseemedto hangintheair."Yes,weare fromtheWest,Padre,"they said,"fromBoys'Town.You know,ontheCanning.We're ClonnyKids."Witheyesona distanthorizontheyspokeof theirhome.

Thegreatpilecametolifeas theydescribedit.Thewide, peacefulacres,thegames,the discipline.God,partofthe dailyroutine.Takenfromthe greynessofEngland,rearedto

theProvincial;withhimwere BrothersRyan,Phelan,Lee,BodkinandO'Connor.Brother O'Connorisstillthereto-day. Theproblemaroseofwhere? Poringoverthesketchymapsof Perthanditsenvirons,itwasdecidedbytheBishoptopurchase for£2,000astripoflandonthe Canning,thenariverofpleasure andtravel.Mostthingscame upfromFremantlebybarges. Withasunscorchingdown, anddusttracksfor-roads,the littlegroupdroveout15mils inasulky,androdeforthreeon horsebacktothepresentsite. Theretheypicnicked,anddiscussedtheirplans.Andsowas bornthegreatBoys'Townoftoday.Thereinaspotinthe semi-wilderness,BrothersTracey andRyanstakedtheirclaimfor

Kids!"

daystartswithMass.Then breakfast,andthelittlechores eachboydoes-beds,washingup (goodhusbandsinthemaking. andself-reliantmen).Thenthe youngerboystoclass,andthose whohavefinishedtheirschooling totrades-breadbaking,carpentry,boot-repairing,metal working,farmwork,panel-beating-allarepartoftheintensive curriculum.

Forthestudiousonesthereis awell-equippedlibrary,and everyopportunitytouseit.The usualschoolcoursesandhours arefollowed.Everychildisindividuallystudied,anditstalents and"bents"encouragedanddeveloped.Musicistaught,and, ofcourse,thereisthebandwe allknowsowell.Thisyear reedinstrumentsaretobeadded.

Picturesareaweeklyfeature oftheprogrammeofplanned living.EverySundaynight'as PictureNight.Thebestofthe current'releasesareshown,given bytheExchangesforasmall sum.Mondaymorningthereis sleep-in.Spacedoesnotallow theotherhomelytouchestobe mentioned.Therearemany. Theboysonarrivalareallotted

SpendthisdayatClontarf.EnjoyYourselfinHelpingaGreat Work GovernmentBuses,every15minutes,from12.30,PerthtoClontart;RivertonBuses,atregularintervalsfrom1p.m.;Victoria ParkTramTerminustoClontarf;MetroBusesat1p.m.,1.30 p.m.,and2p.m.,FremantletoClontarf.

DONATIONSSOLICITED.

SendforBookofTicketsfor20GuineaManchesterParceL

manhoodintheAustraliansunshine,theyhadreturnedtofight fortheirhomeland,butmeant toreturntoAustralia."Mustgo back,Father.Youknowhow itis?Clontarfisourhome really,ourAlmaMater;our earlyhappinessisalltiednp withit,andwhatweare."Pride waspartofitall.Indirectly ithadgiventhemthisjob,and theirlife'sintegrity.

ClonnyKids.Intellingthe story,thePadre'sprideinthem shonethroughthewordsashe spoke.Itwasonadayoffestival,whenthethingsofpeace werepiledhighontheplatesof anothergenerationofClonny Kids.Overahundredpairsof eyeswatchedhimashespoke. ThoseotherClonnyKidstohe thefuturelawyers,hankers,politicians,carpenters,builders,etc ofAustralia.Ontheirfaces shonetheprideofbeingincludedinthestory.Itwastheir story,themselvesperhapsinfutureyearsinaction.

St.Joseph'sBoys' TownClontarf

Australiain1901.Anation inthemakingBuildingsbeginningtoclusterintheformation ofagreatcapital.Inthegrey PalaceoftheBishop,Dr. Gibney,confrontedbyahundred problems.Foremostamongst theseheplacedtheproblemof ycuth;hewasAustralia'sDon Posco.InSubiacotheMercy Sistershadopenedtheirhearts toaflockoforphansandyoung people.1876hadseenthe foundingofthefirstorphanage. Twenty-oneyearslaterBishop Gibneydecidedtoplacetheboys underthecareoftheChristian Brothers.BrotherTraceywas

youth'sposterity.Theydrew uptheirdream,andCavanagh andCavanaghmadeitasolid reality.

Thetaskwasstupendous.Cot. tecloesupplied'.hesandand stone,andthematerialwas broughtupinslowprocessby barges,stilltobeseento-dayas skeletonbargesonthesandsat PointWalter.

TheearlyfameofBoys'Town spread.Itsgroundsbecamethe rendezvousofthewealthy yachtsmenofearlyPerth,and theGovernor'sbarge,gaywith ladies'sunshades,camedownthe channelfromCanningBridge,

ByMollie SimeonAsphar

stillmarkedby120feetjarrah posts.Theyearshavebeenkindto Boys'Town.Ithassucceeded inallitsundertakings.ArchbishopClunestartedtheband. UnderourpresentArchbishop, thenewschool,workshop,and chapelhavebeenadded,the cl.apelbeingtheworkofthe boysthemselves,anddesignedby MarieJackson,ayounglady architect,wellknowninPerth.It hasbeautyandatmosphere.On thealtarclothisthekeytothe happinessonefeelsinentering God'sDwellingPlace:"Jesusis God.JesusisHere." To-day,lifeatClontarfisfull ofactivityandachievement. Poliopasseditby.Sunshine andfreshairaredailybuilding upthetiredbodiesofthemany migrantboysithousedThe

toaColour-Blue,Green,Red, Yellow-andtheColourCompetitionlaststheirwholeschoollife. Gamesareplayedincolours. Drilldisplays,liketheexcellent St.Patrick'sDayone-aregiven incolours.Therearepointsand rewards.Thegreatwidedormitories,opentotheriverwinds areallincolours;too. :Redmarkedquilts,blueones,yellow* andgreenones,maketherooms adreamtowanderthrough. Thereisafuturesingerthere inyoungHerbertSpears,witha clear,lovelyboy'stenorvoice. Andthereisteamwork.Allthis iscreativeofanatmosphereof happinessonefeelsinstantlyon drivingintothegroundsthrough theever-opengate.Thatspeaks foritself.

Recently a non-Catholic mother,aftersixweeks'holiday, wenttoseeherrecentlyplaced thereson.Shewascharmed withtheplace.Herboywas happy,lookedwell,andhadgainedweightHisyoungsister beggedtobeallowedtostay.

That,then,isClontarf.A veryinadequatedescription.But theresultsoftheladsthatleave itandalwaysreturnyearly, monthly,eveninthefirstlonely weeksintiler"newjobs,"weekly,toseetheBrothers,musthe veryconsolingtothelittletinselfishbandofmenwho,leaving allthings,havedevotedtheir litestothemakingandmouldingofmenintherealsenseof theword.

T.VIVIAN

143RakehiRd.Suhiaco,W1539

ForSewerageConnections BadWaterPressure,BrokenPedestalPans,BlockedSewerDrains CisternandRoofRepairs.T.V modelRathRoatora vRilothlo.

0

CLONTARFBOYS'TOWNFROMTHEAIR.

DearCornerites

Thecruelscourgingbringsto mindthatourbodiesmustbe keptinsubectionlesttheyruin ourimmortalsoulsForthis reasonsomeoftheSaints,inimitationofOurDivineLord,performedheroicpenances.Wemay notbecalledontoclimbtothat height,but,eachandeveryoneof usmustbeonthewatchtorefrainfromsuchpleasuresas wouldbelikelytocauseusto fallintosin.Forthisreason, duringthisHolySeasonofLent, weareremindedtopractisecertainmoitificationsinimitationof OurLord'sdreadfulsufferings. OurEasterjoywillbeinproportiontoourselfdenialsduring Lent.

AUNTBESSY.

ItOe

Acourging

"IwillchastiseHim,therefore, andletHimgo."

IntheApostles'Creedwesay "sufferedunderPontiusPilate," thuscommemoratingtotheend oftimethecrueltyoftheRoman govrnor,who,topleasetheJews, condemnedJesus,thoughhe knewhimtobeinnocentofany crime,toapunishmentsocruel andsodegrading,thatitwas

theAngelicVirtueinparticular, thosesinsofthefleshwhichare sooffensiveinHissight.InHis SermonontheMount,Christ said:"Blessedarethecleanof heart,fortheyshallseeGod." Cleannessofheartmeansfreedom fromallsin,especiallysinsof impurity.Tokeepyoursoul pure,constantwarfarewiththe powersofdarknessmustbewaged.Itisthehardestofall

AuntBessy's

(LETTERBOX

CentralCatholicBookShop, 36PierStreet,Perth DearAuntBessy,-Weare anxioustosendcopiesof"Reccrd,""Scapular,""Messenger," etc.,topeopleinremoteareas.Do youthinkyoucouldletushave addressesofsuchpeople?Thankini;you-Faithfullyyours, CENTRALCATHOLICBOOKSHOP(E.Eustace).

DearMrs.Eustace,-Under separatecoverIamsendingthe namesofsixchildrenwhosefamilieswillbegladtogetthereadingmatteryoumention.The addresseshavebeengivenonthe listofthosewhoattendschools ofinstructionduringtheholidays,andwallprobablybesufficient.Thankingyouforyour interestinthework.-Gratefully yours,

AUNTBESSY.

York.

DearAuntBessy,-Herewith pleasefindP.Nvalue5s.,inaid ofBushies,forfavoursreceived throughSaintAnthony.Wishingyourschemeeverysuccess.Yoursfaithfully, (Mrs.)M.CUNNINGHAM.

DearMrs.Cunningham,-Your donationwillbewelcomedinthe Bushies'Corner,andwillbethe means,Ifeelsure,ofobtaining foryoumanyotherfavours.Our (Continuedfootofnextcolumn) BRYANT

80to90

OrdersPromptlyAttendedTo Phone:B Plowings

reservedforslaves.Initself, itwasWorsethandeath,yet,the meekLambofGodallowedHis executionerstostrikeHimwith horrible,iron-spikedlashes.As theprophetIsaiashadsaid: 'FromthesoleoftheFoottothe topoftheHeadtherewasno soundnesstherein,woundsand bruises,andswellingsores.He waswoundedforouriniquities, andbruisedforoursins."

JesuspermittedHisvirginal Fleshtobetorninshredsforsin ingeneral,andforsinsagainst

workmustbeverypleasingto thosewhoarenowenjoyingthe rewardoftheirlaboursforthe salvationofsoulswhiletheywere onearth.SaintAnthonyisa wonderfulhelpinobtainingour requests,andseemstobespecial. lyinterestedinthechildrenof ourAustralianbushdistricts, judgingbyallthefavoursheobtainsforusandourwork.Thankingyouforyourhelp. AUNTBESSY.

*

SheoakStreet,Karridale.

DearAuntBessy,-Thisismy firstlettertoyon.Ilivewith dairyfarmnearKarridale.Our schoolisamileaway.Colleen, whoisnearlyfive,ridesbehind meon"Tommy,"ourpony.BusseltonisthenearestConvent,so Iwillgotheretothe"Bushy" Schoolthisyear.LastNovemberIwasnine.Willyouplease sendmeaprickcard?Love from SHEILAMONCKTON.

DearSheila,-Iamgladyou arebeginningtohelpwithgood works,andIamverypleased tosendyouaprickcard,which Iampostingto-day.Youare luckytohaveaponytotakeyou toschool.IsupposeTommyis

struggles,butoneinwhich,if youfightontherightside,you haveasallies,God,HisImmaculateMother,andalltheAngels andSaintsoftheHeavenly Court

Neveromittosayeachday threeHailMarysinhonourof theImmaculateConception,with theaspirationaftereach,"0 Mary,conceivedwithoutsin,pray foruswhohaverecourseto thee!'thatyoumaybepreservedinmindandbodyfromsins againsttheAngelicVirtue.

enjoyingagoodfeedwhileyou areworkinghardatyourlessons. Youwillenjoyyourtimeatthe BusseltonConvent,andwillget greathelpwiththelearningof yourreligionwhilethere.Ihope agreatmanyotherchildrenwill attendthat"BushySchool."Fond love,dearSheila,from AUNTBESSY.

GratifyingIncreaseInSupportOfMissionsPr

ExcellentEffortOfSchoolsAndParishes

Itiswithpleasurethatweare abletoreportanothersatisfact-oryyear'sprogressfortheMissions.Yearby,yearthepeople ofthisArchdiocesearebecomingmoreMission-conscious,and itisedifyingtonotetheirgenerousresponsetothisveryworthyappeal.Thisyear,duetoa changeofpolicy,itwasnecessarytofinalisetheMissionsaffairsbeforeChristmas.Consequentlytheyearconsistedofa littleovertenmonthsOursincere thanksareduetothePriests, BrothersandSisterswhocooperatedsoreadilyandmadeit possibleforustocarryoutthe directionsofNationalHeadquarters.

DuringtheyeartheNational Director,FatherThomas,ofSydneyvisitedtheArchdiocese.His visitwasofgreatpracticalassistance,andhewasabletosolve quiteanumberofproblems.

PROPAGATIONOFTHE FAITH.

DuringtheyearthemembershipofthisSocietyincreased greatly.Everyparishhasimproved,andtheimprovementis dueinlargemeasuretothecooperationoftheparishpriests. TherehasbeenaverymarkedincreaseinthenumberofPerpetualMembers.Quiteanumber ofpeoplehaveenrolleddeceased friendsandrelationsasPerpet. ualMembersofthePropagation oftheFaith.Thisensuresthat foralltimethesedeceased friendsandrelationswillberememberedinthethousandsof Massesandprayersofferedby gratefulMissionariesthroughout theworld.Duetoprintingdifficultiesanddespatchproblems, thedistributionofthemagazine, "CatholicMissions."wasnot good.However,FatherThomas assuresmethathehassolved theseproblems,andthataregulardeliverywillbeafeatureof theyear1949.

HOLYCHILDHOOD.

ThisSocietycontinuestoflourisheachyear.Thechildrenare veryenthusiastic,andtheymust begivenverygreatcreditfor theirgreatspiritofself-sacrifice andtheirwonderfulgenerosity. In1947thechildren'seffortfor theyearaveraged18.15pence perchild.In1948theaverage ro'eto42.6penceperchild.The peicentageisbasedonanestimateof12,000children,though inpointoffacttheonlychildren whoshareintheworkarethose inourCatholicschools,andthey numberapproximately8,500.The childrenactuallyraised£2,131 18s9d

Thetotalamountraisedforthe Missionsintheyear1948was

£4,3393s9d.Sufficienttribute cannotbepaidtothePriests, BrothersandSistersoftheArchdiocese,fortheirencouragement andsupport-Withhttheir wholeheartedco-operationthis appealcouldneverbeasuccess. Theresponseofthepeopleisa happyomenthattheFaithof theArchdioceseisgenerousand practical.Thereisstillmuch morethatwecando.Fromnow onthecauseoftheMissionsmust neverlookback.Eachyear mustbeanimprovementonits predecessor,andnotuntilwe havetheentireCatholicpopulationoftheArchdiocesepraying forandsupportingtheMissions, canwefeelthatwehavereally succeeded.

Cathedral St.Patrick's,HavelockStreet StFrancisXavier's,EastPerth

RedemptoristMonastery

SouthPerth

Fremantle

Palmyra Wagin

Maylands

MidlandJunction

Acomparisonofpercentages maybeofinterest.In1947the adultappealforthePropagation oftheFaithresultedin£1,584 14sbeingraised.BasedonaCatholicpopulationof62,000these figuresgivetheArchdiocesean averageof5.9penceperperson. Fortheyear1948,£2,2075s.was raisedforthisappeal.Basedon thesamefigures,thisgivesusan averageof8.8penceperperson.

ALEXRODOREDA

TurfCommissionAgent 802HAYSTREET.

AGENTFORW.A.CHARITIES. RingB5841andB5236.

DayOld(hicks

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MEHRAHATCHERY &POULTRY[ARM

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Belmont

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CHARLESAND

CECILIAWHITE Proprietors (LateJ.andW.Boden). Established30Years.

Donnybrook Queen'sPar Narrogin

EastFremantle

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...

theCatholicAnswer

ingintosuchaseriouscontract.

ByanotherlawClericsinHoly Order,,inotherwords,priests, deaconsandsub-deacons,cannot validlycontractmatrimonyif theydecidetoabandontheircalling.Awomanwhoisunwillinglyinthepowerofamanwho wisheshertomarryhimisincapableofcontractingavalid marriageaslongassheisinhis /o power.Thewoman,notbeinga freeagent,isprotectedbythe Churchuntilsuchtimeassheis incircumstancesinwhichshecan freelysayyesorno.Thereare alsocertaindegreesofrelationshipwhichrenderamarriageinvalid.

ThemarriageofaCatholic wouldbeinvalidunlessitisper formedbeforeapropertyauthorisedpriestandatleasttwowitnesses.Ifeitherpartyisinducedtogiveconsentthrough unjustforceorfearthemarriage wouldbeinvalid.Oftenenough thepetitionfornullityisonly broughtaftermanyyearsoflivingtogether,asoneorevenboth partiesmaybeinignorancethat theirmarriagewasinvalid.

Thesearebutsomeofthemore commonreasonswhichcouldrenderamarriageinvalidandpermittheChurchtodeclarethe marriagevoid Ihavegiven verygeneralheadingsandhave notgoneintoallthedetails

(ContinuedfromPageit.)

eredifanapplicationforannulmentWasmade.AsImentioned,straight-forwardcaseswhere itisonlyamatterofsubstantiatingfactsaredealtwithby thediocesancourt.Applications ofamorecomplicatednatureare referredtoaspecialcourtin Rome.Whenthecasehasbeen examined,andithasbeendecider:thatthemarriageinquestion wasnomarriage,adecreeofannulmentisissuedand.the groundsforitaregiven.As youcansee,thereneverisa questionofdeclaringavalidmarriagevoidPeoplemaythink thattheyaremarried,butowing tosomeobstaclemayneverhave beenvalidlymarried.Insucha caseifadispensationfromthe impedimentcanbeobtained,they maybeeitheilproperlymarried oraskforanannulment,butif theycannotobtainadispensation,theymusthavethemarriagedeclarednullandvoid.

Youask:

"Onwhatgroundswasthe TyronePowermarriagedeclaredinvalid?"

A.:Igaveallthedetailsof thiscasesomeweeksago.Power wasnotmarriedfirstbecausethe womantowhomhewasunited hadahusband,fromwhomshe wasdivorced,stillliving,and, secondly,asthemarriagecould obviouslynotbeperformedby's Catholicpriest,thecouplewent whichwouldhavetobeconsid-totheRegistryOffice.

TheCaseOfHenryVIII

Youcontinue:

"OnwhatgroundsdidHenry theVIII.makehisclaimwhen hepetitionedforanannulment ofhismarriagetohisfirstwife, andwhywasherefused?"

A.:Henry'sfirstwifefaledto providehimwithanheirtothe throne.TheKing,encouraged bythesuccessoftwoothermonarchs,LouisXIII.andHenryVI. ofFrance,askedthathismarriageofCatherineofAragonhe declarednullandvoidonthe groundsofaffinity.Thehistoricalcircumstancesmadethings verydifficult.Adeclaration madewithoutveryrigidproofof iiivalditywouldcertainlyhave arousedtheangerofthepowerfulCharlesV,whereasarefusal a togranttheannulmentwouldin allprobabilitymeanthelossof EnglandtotheCatholicChurch. Awareofthealternatives,the theologiansofthedaywentto greatpainstoseewhethersae marriagewasvalidorinvalid. Thecasewasexaminedonits merits,andasvoreasoncouldbe

foundfordeclaringitinvalid.respitetheconsequenceswhichthe Churchforesaw,Henry'srequest wasrefusedHethendeclared himselftheheadoftheChurch ofEngland,asortoflocalPope, endgrantedhimselfwhatthe Churchcouldnotgivehimand putasidehiswifeIntheyears whichfollowed,hewastoseta standardwhichfewofourHollywoodstarshaveattained. Idonotproposetodealwith thenextpartofyourletterthis evening,astheanswertothe partonmarriagehasalready takenupsomuchtime.Also, itisquiteanewsubject,having nohearingonwhatIhavebeen saying.Iwill,therefore,postponereplyingaboutthehistory oftheCatholicChurchinEnglandbeforeandafterthetimeof HenryVIII.,andalsowaitfor f;notheroccasionbeforediscussngtheclaimwhichvouputforwardthattheministersofthe ChurchofEnglandarevalidly ordained.Ipassnowtothe finalpartofyourletter,asitreturnstothesubjectofmarriage.

DistinctionBetweenNullity AndDivorce

Youwrite:

"IfaCatholicmanmarries outsidetheChurchandislater divorced,theCatholicChturch hasno'objectiontohimbeing marriedintheChurch."

A.:Thatisquitecorrect.The manwasnotreallymarriedinthe firstinstance,andthoughhedid wrong,andhislifewasasource ofscandal,heputonendtoasinfulrelationshipandfreedhimselfinthesightofthecivillaw, which,unfortunately,considered themarriagevalid.Shouldsuch amanwishtoenterintoavalid marriage,thereisnothingtopre-. venthim;heisnotandnever wasmarried.

Againyouwrite:

"Ontheotherhand,ifhisfirst marriagehadtakenplaceIn theCatholicChurch,youwould refusetomarryhimasecond time,"

A.:Onceagainyouarequite correct.Sincethefirstmarriage wasperfectlyvalid,hecannot,as longashiswifelives,contracta secondmarriage.Thatshould beobvioustoyou.Divorcedoes notfreehimfromthebondof marriageintheeyesofthe Church,eventhoughbythelaw ofthelandhemaybeconsider_

edfreetomarry.TheChurch, nottheState,hastherightto legislateinthismatter.

Youcontinue:

"IsnottheChurchcondoning divorcebyallowingonemarriedoutsidetheChurchtobe marriedagain?Woulditnot befairertorefusemarriagein bothcases?" A.:Adivorcehasnoplacein theteachingofChrist.Neither hastheStateanyrighttogrant adivorceunlessforsomereason themarriagewasnevervalid. Thereis,asIpointedoutbefore, averybigdifferencebetween gettingadivorcefromamanto whomyouneverwerevalidly married,andfromgettingadivorcefromyourlawfulhusband. Thelatter,theChurchinkeeping withtheteachingofChrist,will nottoleratenomatterwhatthe consequencesmaybe.Theformershepermitsowingtothewant ofconformitybetweentheChurch andStatelaws.

FOREGIYENESSOF ADULTERY

Yourletterendsasfollows:

"WhydoestheChurchforgive themanwhomarriesoutside

theChurchthefirsttime,ifhis sinisadultery?"

A.:Godiswillingtoforgive anysinifthesinnerisgenuinely sorryandisresolvedtoamend Tothewomantakeninadultery hesaid:"NeitherwillIcondemn thee.Goandnowsinno mole."Buttothosewhowished tostonehertodeathHesaid: "Hethatiswithoutsinamong you,lethimcastthefirststone." Thiswomanhadsinned,repented ofhersin,andwasforgivenby God.Hiscommissionandexampleiswhatwefollow.

Youwrite:

"YettheChurchexcommunicatesthemanwhomarries intheChurch."

A.:Thismanwkisvalidlymar- riedandthencontractedaunion whichwassinfulandascandal. Tobringhimtohissenses,to preservetherightsoftheabandonedwifeandherchildren,the Churchimposesdisciplinarymeasuresontheman.Iftheman repentsofthesinfullifethathe isleading,andiswillingtoreturntohislawfulwife,Godin

Webbing Inoitatione

Theinvitationsyou haveprintedfor yourweddingshould havetaste,beauty, anddignity.

0 Makesureofthis byplacingyour orderwith "TheRecord" SPECIALISTSINJOBPRINTING 450HAYSTREET.

'Phone:B6950.

notbewillingtore ceivebacktheerringhusbane andforverygoodreason.Tt protectherselfagainsthimthr womanmaybepermittedtc applyforadivorceandmain. tenance,butthisisnothngmon thanalegalseparation,asneithe saphimuapps-aeaGndbb ofthemcanmarryagaindurim thelifetimeoftheother.

BillsApproved

ByArchbishop

SANTAFE,NC).-Archbi hopEdwinV.Byrne,ofSant Fe,inanaddresstotheCatho licDaughtersofAmericaher voicedhisapprovaloftwobill pendingintheNewMexicoLeg islaturewhichwouldendsegregationintheState'spubli schools, "AsAmericancitiens,"th trehhishopdeclared"weca neitherbecontentwithsmu assurancesthatsocial disturb racessuchasracediscriminatio willrightthemselveswithou ttrortonourpart.Norernwe alloweithertheracialidiosyncrtsiesofaHitlerorthrclassconsciousnessofaStalintohave anyplayonourmindsanti hearts."

TheArchbishopdeclaredthat "allNegrochildrenwhowish haveaplaceintheCatholic schoolsofthearchdiocese."

PORTARTHUR,Ont.-(NC).

-OneofCanada'spioneer"flyingpriests,"theRev.Joseph Couture,SJ.,isdeadattheage of65years,followingseveral yearsofillhealth.

Priortohisillnesshehadone ofthelargest"parishes"inCanada'snorthland,andbeforethe adventoftheairplanehecoveredmanyhundredsofmilesby canoeinthesummertimeand 1ydogteaminthewinter.His

Youhavethechoiceofthecity's biggestrangeofnewseasonknitting woolsinthebigwooldept.atFoy's. Allthefamousmakesareavailable,andallthewantedshadesfor alltypesofknitting.Groundfloor.

GibsoniaWools LincolnWools

SungloWools

BabyWools

BulgarianPlansForPersecution

NewBillMarksRedMove

EndOfReligiousFreedom

ROME,March 21-(Radio,NC).-PersecutionoftheCatholicChurchinBulgariaandtheendofallreligiousfreedominthatCommunist-dominatedcountryare foreseenhereonthebasisofreportsdetailingtheproposedlawgoverningreligiousdenominations.

Thecountry'sCatholicBishopsarereportedtohavemadestrongrepresentationsin astatementpresentedtothePresidentoftheNationalAssembly.Theirstatement pointedoctthattheveryprovisionsoftheproposedlawmakeitimpossiblefortaL::1 todrawuptheconstitutionforself-governmentwhichthe lawrequiresfromeachreligiousdenomination,andwhich mustbepresentedforapprovaltotheForeignMinister.

Thefirstarticleofthelaw theoreticallyestablishesfreedom ofconscienceandofreligious beliefforallcitizens,butthe other30-oddarticles,aspublishedintheofficialjournalofFebruary17,1949,makeitevident thatpracticallyeveryphaseof religiouslifewillbesubjectto thecontrolandapprovalofthe ForeignMinister.

Thejuridicalstatusofthevariousdenominationsdependson theapprovalbythesameCabinetMinister,whoisempowered torevokerecognitionwhenever inhisjudgmentreligiousactiv-

ityofachurchviolatesthe laws,thesocialorder,orgood morals. Educationisdeclaredtobeno concernofany'religiousdenomination,butentirelyamatter fortheState.

Otherarticlesofthelawspecify:

(1)Religiousritesandfunctions aswellasorganisationsand regulationsofthechurches mustnotbecontrary"tolaws, socialorderorgoodmorals.

(2)OnlyBulgarianscanserve (0,ntintredinne-rtcolumn

BarleyistheoldestCerealknowntomon.The EgyptiansusedittomakeBeer Through theCenturiesnobettergroinhasbeenfound, forthisCerealisrichinenergy-producingCorbohydrotes,ProteinsandVitamins,thebasisofall nourishingfoods ResearchandExperiment havesoimprovedthevarietiesofBarleythat toddytheFormergetsamuchbetterreturnfor hislabour ThehighestgradeBorleyonthe MarketisalwaysknownosMoltingBarley, 500,000Bushelsofwhichisusedannuallyfor MoltinginthisStore Thegreatincrease inlocal`Borleyproductionhasbeenfosteredby thehelpandencouragementoftheBrewing Industry.

InsertedasamatterofpublicinterestandinformationbytheSwonBreweryCompanyLimited, makersofSwanLone

Bishop'sAppeal SavesVillages

MUNICH,March19.-(NC).

-Sixtosevenvillages,predominantlyCatholic,whichweretobe evacuatedbytheUnitedStates Armybecauseoftheirproximitytothemanoeuvringareaof Grafenwoehr,willremainunmolested,providedtheinhabitantsdonotworkinthefields duringmanoeuvres.Thevillagershadappealedto BishopJosefKolb,ofBamberg, whointercededwiththeauthoritiesontheirbehalf.

FrenchCabinet HonoursPope

PARIS,March19-(NC)-

TheanniversaryofthecoronationofHisHolinessPopePius X11.wascelebratedwithgreat solemnityinNotreDameCathedral.

ForeignMinisterRobertSchuman,MinisterforVeterans'AffairsRobertBetolaud,representativesofPremierHenriQuetiille,andothermembersofthe Cabinetattended,besidesthe PrefectoftheDepartmentof theSeineandmembersofthe diplomaticcorps.

HisEminenceEmmanuelCardinalSuhard,Archbishopof Paris,presidedovertheceremonieswiththeassistanceof thePapalNuncioandotherprelates.

SWISS"POPISTS"DEFEATED

asclergy,andmembersof theclergycanbeassignedto duty,transferredordismissed onlyifthereisnoobjectionby theForeignMinister.

(3)Theclergyofdenominations havingaffiliationsabroadcannotfunctionwithouttheapprovaloftheForeignMims_ ter;theymusttakeanoath andsolemnlypromisefidelity totheBulgarianPopularRepublic;clergyguiltyofany violationsofthelawmustbe dismissed.

(4)Seminariesforthetraining oftheclergycanbemaintainedonlywithapprovalofthe ForeignMinister,whoalso mustapprovethescholastic programme.

(5)Confraternities,associations, andreligious publications needofficialapproval.

(6)Thechurchescannotoperateanyhospitals,orphanages, orsimilarinstitutions;those nowinexistencecomeunder thecontroloftheMinisterof PublicHealth,LabourorSocialWelfare,andtheState takesovertheirpropertywith thepromulgationofthelaw, Finally,thelawproclaiming the"freedom"ofreligionprovidesthat.theheadsofchurches andpriestscannotdeprivemembersofthechurchofanyreligiousrites,suchasSacraments, religiousfunerals,etc.

FrenchScholars' NovelCustom

ByMAXJORDAN (Correspondent,N.C.W.C.NewsService).

BASEL,Switzerland,March17.-Theself-styled "Popists"ofLausanne,Switzerland,havesufferedasignaldefeat,butthereiseveryassurancethatthePope isn'tsorry.

For"Popists"inLausannearetheCommunists,whosepartythereofficiallyiscalled"Parti OuvrierPopulaire,"abbreviatedPOP,andtheythemselveshavechosen"Popists"asaname.

Sincethewartheadherents ofPOPhadgrowninstrength considerably.However,atthe recentelectionfortheGrand CcunciloftheCantonVaud, only221,882ballotsoutofa totalof1,023,245werecastfor theircandidates,andforthe firsttimethreegenuine"Popists,"e,,Catholics,wereelected with62,425votes.Themakebelieve"popists"willhavebut 19seatsinthenewCouncil,

madeupof217members,as against42intheoldone Thenon-Communistparties pointoutthatFrenchCommunistleader,MauriceThorez,and hisSwisscounterpart,LeonNicole,ofGeneva,areresponsible forthisset-back,becausethey showedtheirhandtooopenlyin resealingtheirpolicieswhen theyproclaimedthattheywould sidewiththeSovietUnionin casetheircountrieswereattackedbytheRedArmy.

IndianMissionaryAdopts

BrahminLife

BELGAUM,India,March19.-(NC).-Amodern successortoFatherdeNobili,theItalianJesuitmissionaryoftheseventeenthcentury,whoadoptedthegarband customsofBrahminsinIndiatowinthemtotheFaith, hasmadehisappearancehere.HeistheRev.Armando Alvares,S.J.,ofSt.Paul'sChurch,inthiswestIndian city,andknowntohisBrahminconvertsasSwamiAnimanandaAlvahi.

MoviePouse

PARIS,March17.-Bymail, NC)-Thebeginningofthe Lentenseasonagainwitnessed thenovelcustomofsomeof France'sleadingscholarsandartistsgatheringtoreceiveashes andprayforthoseamongthem whomaydiebeforenextAsh Wednesday, Thepoet,PaulClaudel,the ncvelistFrancoisMauriac,the philosopherEtienneGilson,and ClaudeDelvincourt,directorof theParisConservatory,were amongthegroupwhichgathered intheChurchofSt.Germain L'Auxerois.HisEminenceEmmanuelCardinalSuhard,ArchbishopofParis,distributedthe ashes,andMr.Claudelledthe prayers. Thecustomofscholarsand artistsgatheringforashesand prayingfor"thoseamongus whowilldieduringtheyear," wasstartedseveralyearsagoby AlbertWilette,Parisartistand caricaturist.Itisnowwidesnread.

1/1Pu

BecomesChurch

PARIS,March19-(NC).ThelargestmoviehouseinEurope,theGaumontPalacehere, wastransformedonarecent Sundayintoamoderncathedral. Analtarwaserectedatthefoot ofahugecross,MasswascelebratedbyBishopAndreaLeclerc,AuxiliaryofParis TheMasswasattendedby pupilsoftheParisianpublichigh schools.

Inhissermon,BishopLeclerc said,nootherhallwouldhave beenlargeenoughtoholdallthe publichighschoolstudents.He spokeofthegracewhichall thoseattendingtohearMass wouldtakeawaywiththem;the imageofChristcomingtosearch outguiltyhumanityonthe"profanedearth."

Afterthereligiousceremony afilmdepictinythelifeofFather deFoulcaldwasshown,

"Tosavesoulswemustuseall meansatourdisposal,"heexplained."AtBaptismIwas calledArmandoAlvaresbutin themissionsIamknownas SwamiAnimanandaAlvani.The people1amtryingtoleadto theFaithprefermyIndiangarb andmyIndianname.

"Iwearalongorange-colouredgown,haveashawlonmy shoulders,andaturbanonmy head.Myfeetaresandaled.I useapilgrimstaff,andweara largecrucifixonmybreast.

"Idon'teatmeatoreggsor fish.Mymainfoodisriceand curryifIcangetthem.It washardtoswitchfrommy formermanneroflifetothis newmodeoflivingButloveof soulscanworkwonders,"

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MurraySt., Perth Est.45years