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SIXTY-THIRD YEAR.

Henry's Character and Physical Appearance Final Reflections on England's Loss of Faith Physical Appearance. He excelled during all the early part of his life in physical first-rate e xercises; he was a good a wrestler, good rider, a shot, and until disease ha." quite wrecked his physique he could fatigue. A endure a good deal l)ig red-headed, broad -faced man with a sparse heard, somewhat pale eyes set far apart in a face a t first ruddy, later rattle: pasty. He had an exaggerated fear of death and, what was inexcusable in a King of his generation, he would never risk his body in battle. He was terrified of epidemics, which were frequent in t he crowded. ill-drained towns of t hat ep4 )ch. and he took precautions. often absurd, to avoid any chance of infection. There were moments when the fear of death \ vas a positive monomania with him. I le was exceedingly intelligent anI well trained in theology, to which he had first been directed when , as a b(w. it was not thought that he would evi-nRing and he was destined bv his ultimately father to become He Archbishop of Canterbury. was also well-read, could speak and even think in French. as was the custom in the better-instructed upper class of his time in all \ vestent countries and especially in England. It must be remembered that within a hundred years of his birth the English upper class spoke French only. English had only recently become the common tongue. Dealings With Men. But though he was intelligent. in the sense of being able to follow a logical process clearly or t o draw up a consecutive plan or t o analyse intellectual proposi'ions such as are presented by theological or political discussion, he was a bad judge of men. He could see indeed well enough that this man or that was working hard and producing results. but he blundered badly whenever he tried to frame a foreign policy for himself; also he was 'very hesitant—perhaps because he half consciously recognised his incompetence in dealing. with a complicated situation. It \vas Wolsey who conducted his early foreign policy entirely: it was Cromwell who later worked his breach with Rome: it was Seymour who, at the end of his life, determined what sort of will he should leave and how the succession to his throne should he arranged. He was emotional after a fashion, and especially sensitive to music; he was even a good practical musician himself and something of a poet and he composed a few songs which are not without merit, as well as other set pieces of harmony, notably two Masses to which are

to Boulogne—his sudden changot and his violent laws and ges never he word; sense of the into the depth of anything he edicts showed a crazy lack of undertook to study or became balance. — ; he possessor of it. Attitude Towards Religion. Next we must specially insist But the second characteristic. upon the effect which time had most incongruous with such a upon his character—time and character but undoubtedly predisease combined. At some date sent, was a strong attachment to which we cannot exactly deter- the religious traditions in which mine, but certainly early in his he had been brought up. This life. probably well before his was the only fixed thing in him t wenty-fourth year, he contract- approaching •a principle. He ed syphillis. Thenceforward he destroyed or allowed to be degradually became a man deter- stroyed the monastic institu-i iorating- more and more in body _ tions, winch are the bulwark and mind : he long retained his t he ( 'hurch: he quarrelled ,aor physical activity and to the eticl broke with the Papacy, which Js his mental activity. but he was the principle of unity in tfte more warped on the spiritual side Church (though in his time a until at last he became some- principle confused and often thing of a monster—callous to debated) : but he did have a fi xed t he sufferings of others and cap- emotional attachment to the able of almost any cruelty in ac- practices of the Faith, and he tion. While on the physical side never got out of what may be his health went all to pieces es- called the atmosphere of these For pecially towards the end. He had a constant practices. y ears the chief symptom of his devotion to the Sacrament of the t roubles was a running ulcer in Altar and no little of his severthe leg. and for the last quarter ity appeared in his treatment of if his reign he had become so anyone who denied the Real huge, unwieldiv and corrupt in Presence. He insisted on the t Yerson that he could hardly celibacy of the clergy, on the move. In the final years, though maintenance of full ritual in the he was only a little over fifty, he liturgy and all ecclesiastical dishad to be trundled about and his cipline under the episcopacy. enormous bulk lifted in and out which he formally maintained. of a chair. At last he could not 1 have said that this side of (wen sign his name; it had to be him may appear incongruous di-me for him with a stamp. But with all the rest, and it is cere ven to the very end he retained tainly strange in our modern t hat sort of energy which takes eyes, but it is not so difficult to its expression in violence. understand if we put ourselves Extreme Selfishness. in the position of *Is office and T wo last things must be men- his time sincere in tioned about him, the first of these feclinftvi'. but his sincerity which is very generally appreci- was reinforced by his . vanity ated. the second of which is too and his constant insistence upon The first is his political power. He thought often forgotten. selfishness, nf heresy under its aspect of rethat his extreme which grew upon him with the bellion, he disliked its variety y ears, as selfishness always does and its anarchic quality because in selfish men, probably passed he lived bN- centralised despota t last the boundary of sanity, ism which he had inherited as a and this showed itself especially sixteenth century King. and that in the horrible acts of cruelty in very emotionalism which led him the last part of his career. There to his excesses of all kinds was had been plenty of cruelty in capabl.e of reinforcing him in hint when his character first be- t hose personal. habits of worship gan to deteriorate after Cather- which did not clash with his poliine lost her influence over him tical objects. and after his disease had begun Role in History. to work ; but there were other There, as it seems to me, is the political or personal reasons for There is it. while later it was often mere- outline of the man. lv wanton and he would express, his character as a whole in all in the orders he gave, a sort of its lack of proportion and, as he grotesqueness. hellish savagery and greed of developed ,its suffering and gloat over the None could be better suited to agonies of his victims—such as produce the ill effects which it t hose of the unfortunate Friar did produce. If the evil powers Forest whom he had roasted had had to choose their instrument. assigning to it the right over a slow fire—and he mixed up horrors of this sort with the proportions of violence and weakidea of grandeur. He seemed to ness. incomprehension, passion. think that they enhanced his and the rest, they could hardly stature in the eves of his con- have framed a tool more serviceHe able to their hands than that temporaries and subjects. came at last to rule by terror. which did—without full intenand the extravagance of his later tion—effect the main tragedy in policy—stich as the expedition the modern history of Europe.

(By HILAIRE BELLOC.)

given his name but which are perhaps from his own hand. He was very vain—vain of his athletics in early life; exceedingly touchy about his dignity and his majesty as a King. His feelings were here in comic contrast with the way in ‘yhich he was always

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K ING HENRY VIII. 01101111i11111111111111W11110111111111111111111111111111111111111:1111

being got the better of by other p opie. until the moment when the regular explosion against It was their control arrived. t his vanity which made him fall a victim to more than one woman, but it also prevented his being completely infatuated by them save in the one case of A nne Bovlen. Attitude Towards Work. \ Vas he industrious? The ans\\ er to this question must be as carefully sized as the answer to that other question we have already dealt with, the question of Just as he was his strength. certainly not really strong, so he was not really industrious in the sense of troubling himself to master a subject or a policy by He application. concentrated could never force himself to do things, he was much too much the slave of appetite and caprice Yet one may call him for that. industrious in the more superficial sense of the word, of getting through "agenda" and attending to what was put before him as a monarch. There is a many papers. vast mass . of drawn up with his own hand, a great deal of annotation of documents with which he had to deal. which prove this quality in One cannot use for him him. t he word lazy.Tie did not simply leave all work to other people and forget it in amusements. but he had not in this any more than in other matters that control of himself, that grasp , er his own activities, that ,y p ower of compelling himself to do what he felt to be tedious. which is the mark of true industry: he did not work in the full

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Saturday. January 16, 1937.

THE RECORD.

THREE

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1 Why Condemn Anglicanism?

Sydnert ramatta: Doesn't the Roman Catholic Church teach charitableness? i, the essenct. of , .atholie I certainly entertain 1 •v: . cilile thoughts of you. Why, then, do you down the Anglican Church that cradled you? Questions sent in to a Session dealing with religion will naturally ask why I maintain the truth of the Catholic religion, and on what grounds I reject religions. The advo, .ates of christian Science will urge -he:r c:aims Methodists, Presbytrians. Spiritualists. Baptists, Witnesses ot Jehovah. and others will send enquiries liearing on their religious ositions. Anglicans also are likely urge reas,pns against the Roman t tion, and in favour of their own. I AM not particularly keen on refutolo Anglicanism. I take questions as tUe and in showing the fallacies ti- 't,tholic religions, it is imma7,-rtal to tn.• whether I am to deal with Ruchmanites, Isiaelism, the I he. Atheism, Agnosticism, Antoi , -anisin or Mormonism. I ant too ,nal to imagine that any or all of t H-e can be simultaneously true with catholkism And since I accept Catholicism. I fully expect to be asked ',do. I do not accept other religions. T hat questions concerning Anglicancur more frequently than others due to the fact that Anglicans hap'to to be pmmerically preponderant in Now I think s..untry. that ' op the mystery •

If Catholicism were Christlike If the Roman Catholic religion were more Christ-like, then it could and u ould be the one and only religion f or the people. a!'s prottY hard on other religions. • at see. if thee would be wrong then, a,-e wrong nowYou suggest no • 'hantt in th,rn, but say that all I c retected provided a few ere made in Catholicism. your opinions are quite ,tthis whole matter. You're optimist if you think that all peop;s o-,,old embrace the religion of t he moment they discovered it. iititudes the Catholic Church is g 'ther ! •hrist-like in her docZ7-irle, and moral principles already. V th ,.hesc multitudes self-indulgence h more attractive than self-deBnt let us run through a few q.-hanges you suggest in Ca.111 Honour, but never worship the Virgin Mary. ace L'hange un t eachIng and •,,ra,‘ti,. e Keep holy the Sabbath Day, not merely a pertion of it. W. ' 7 7 require no •

Abolish Celibacy! Allow priests to marry, T hat would be a change But I don't , ,e€ how it would make the Catholic ' Ilurch more Christ-like. seeing that He neither married nor prescribed marriage. in fart, fie deF,nitely sand that the renunciation marriage for His sake was the mere perk. Besides before you ins that ptte.Fts should be allowed to n-arrY, You :night ask whether they %%ant to :narry. They could ha cc chosen to marry instead of ')acoming priests. But they preferred to oe priests- And t hey don't want t.) mar:y now, even a s they did not want to marry then. Again, it's all very well to s'..y that priests should be allcovod to Tr. Hot u-ho would marry them With your idea of pri st.: I should imagine that the last thing You wont,' w'sh own for any member of your sex drstdd be to see her married to such a type of man. But you evidently (lid not think of that. Yet he honest Don't you think, - in your heart of hearts, that the girl who didn't get me for a husband is to be sincerely congratulated?

Away with Nunneries! Close up Catholic Nunneries. thought vou wanted to open them! Even if women are willing to be made life-long prisoners, don't allow it. W e don't. And therefore the Catholic Church does not build any prisons for women, willing or unwilling. The State has a few prisons for unwilling women, but of course that has nothing to do with the Catholic (Murat. Rut now, seriously, and to use your own terms, if you are so down on the Catholic Church for sanctioning Convent life for women, why aren't you equally down on the Anglican i'hurch for permitting the same thing I can name a dozen 'Anglican Convents in Australia in which the Anglican Sisters live the same type of life and take the same vows as !!!- Catholic nuns •

Allow Good Women to be Free There is need of good women and their work and prayers outside. Let them do it. The Catholic Church would not stop women from remaining outside Convents, nor from being good, nor from devoting themselves to work and prayer, for all the world, ii, however, good women want to consecrate t heir lives entirely to God, and enjoy the privileges of Convent life with all its spiritual helps and consolations, the Catholic Church permits them to do so. But that is as far as she will go. She strictly forbids any Convent to admit subjects who have not applied quite freely, and under no constraint whateverIf a girl takes her vows as a nun unwillingly, the Church declares those vows null and void, and that the girl is not obliged to observe them, nor to remain in the Convent at all. In fact, she would be obliged in conscience t,) leave the ronyent I f everything is so right with the Ronwn Cathol:c Church. why all the e nations? r e,anc•. Remember that people outside the Roman Catholic religion do read and think for themselves. There is no harm in that But the question is, what do they read, and how do they think, In some cases, the one redeeming feature is that they think for themselves. It would be a dreadful catastrophe if they began to do the thinking for others!

The White-Wash Brush Meantime, keep busy with the whitewash brivh; but remember that he who excuses himself. accuses himself. At least I can excuse you. without accusing von So at your request I will use the whitewash brush on yourself. You are very ignorant and unintelligent. But neither of those t hings is a crime ,and not for a mo. ment would I blame yon for them. You hate Catholicism, but only beeause vim think it ought to be hated, and for that reason I respect your open and frank hostility. I k-oulfl not respect you if you hypocriti..'all:- pretended to be favourably disp,-vseci towards a religion you think so evil Moreover, vou are intensely loya: to your own religious views becati<e v.)u honestly think them to be the right views. And for that. also, I respect you however,

Itakit

BY REV. DR.

RUMBLE,.

erroneous May 'De your views. You have a heart of gold, are kindness itself, and there are thousands of women who would be much better women if they could acquire some of your own qualities. You see, I am able to appreciate you. even if You can't appreciate my religion. If you could appreciate and adopt that religion you would make an exceedingly happy and it•rvent Lathulic. But, of course that 1},- expecting a miracle. Yet t he ai seil. e of that miracle does not pre vent Me expressing my esteem for you per-,,,nally, and wishing you a vi,ry happy Christmas together with a New Year of health, prosperity, and e very blessing of God you Yourself C' 111(1 most wish to receive. F. A. Donnan, Redfern: 7.rn a discussion with a Rev. C. J. Shebbeare, Jcseph McCabe said that "no less a Christian authority than St. Augustine, ten years after he betame a Bishop, wrote in one of his moral treatises (De Bono Conjugal) that it was an open question as to whether a man who could not have children by his own wife, might not have children by another wcman." As this seems to condone immorality, I would like you to comment upon it. Joseph NIkk•abe Imsquoted St. A ugustine. If you ask ine whether he did so through ignorance or ire, I would say through ignorance. Otherwise he would not have quoted the source whence he drew his ideasIt is evident that he has not understood the Latin construction used by St. Augustine. I have a copy of St. Augustine's treatise. "De Bono Conjugal,- and this is what he writes in chapter XIV_ n. 17. of that book: -Once entered upon in the Christian church. marriage cannot be dissolved except by the death of one of the parties. The bond remains even if children, for whose sake the marriage was contracted. cannot Iv had. Nor is it lawful for a man to seek to have , -hildren by another woman. If he does he commits adultery. Undoubtedly it wa, lawful to the ancient patriarchs, granted the consent of the wife: but I would not he so rash as to say that that is lawful now.- The last words McCabe would like to translate as if Augustine had said. "I would not he so rash as to say that that is not lawful now." But such a translation is opposed to ImAh the grammatical structure of the sentence and the, whole context of the passage. For having declared that it would he rash indeed to maintain that such a practice would be lawful now, he goes on to prove that it could not from t he very nature of the Christian religion. Had Mr. Shebbeare demanded the actual text of St. Augustine's treatise. "De Bono Conjugal.- the discussion would have ended suddenly, and most uncomfortably Joseph Mc• 11,-

Suppose Heaven and Hell at Hand Sxretary, Sccratic Club, Sydney: Let us suppose that the whole drama of existence has been played out to its conclusio-a. and the curtain has fallen, wii t, our must compliment upon "our mitt

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agnia ti ye powers, so evident in a description which cold dry reason could have expressed in the three words— the world has ended. Then there are umpteen souls in Heaven, and umpteen souls in Hell Seine will be in Heaven, and some w ill be in Hell. On the one hand some will be enjoying unlimited happiness; on the other, r njoying unlimited misery. Neither the happiness nor the misery will be without limits. Likewise those in misery won't be enjoying it. A better word would be suffering. If %-ou want reasoning you should try to show that you allow reason to influence pair own statements. Inaccorate and exaggerated statements invite easy dismissal rather than serious discussion.

What Benefit to Cod? What do you suppose God will have got out of it? I do not go in for suppositions. I know that God will get this much out of it. The very goodness which diffused itself generously in the creation of human beings will be acknowledged and proclaimed by those human beings whether they are in Heaven or in Hell. And that, not because it will be of any essential advantage to God, but because it is right that it should he so. You will not find it difficult to conceive this of those who attain Heaven. Your difficulty will he to conceive it of those who lose their souls and go to Hell. Let me try to help you. God's goodness not only gave man the gift of existence, but also the dignity of a freewill by which he would be master oi his own destiny. If man. howevei, yields to pride, rebels against God, and dies still obstinately refusing to make his peace with God, then unrepentant pride will by its very eternal punishment proclaim the eternal rights, exemplifying as it will that supreme hatred of evil which is a meets sary consequence of a supreme love of good. Love and hatred are really one and the same movement in reference to opposite objects. For evil is opposed to the good. and hatred is the reaction of love for what is good against the evil opposed to that good. Were there no love for good there would be no hatred of evil. And Hell will proclaim for eternity that the go td shield, have been loved lw the very grimness of its penalties upon

Will God be Better Off? HO'A: much better off will God be than i: the thing had never taken place? % .1-:,‘ati..n. and the consequences of creation, could not add to God's perfection and happiness. But God is just and will vindicate the rights of justioe. Meantime pyou have been created, And your chief concern is to fulfil the will of the Goa who made you. Instead of asking how much better off God will be whether you save your soul or lose it, the practical pr,blem for you is to ask how much better off You will be if You save your si Ail and avoid Hell. So Christ puts the question to von, as to all of us, - What does it profit a man to gain t he whole world if he loses his soul." ask yourself that question

Is there a Deficiency in God? If it had to be. to satisfy himself in some way, then he is deficient in some respect. cann( t 5,) t- that God hail to c reate ar ,-1,,,dv, God was fret to c7eate • •:create. Granted. however, that lie freely chose to create c gnce v, 'I •-•‘- 1 freewil;. and imirortatitv of cotiL then if you abuse the gifts God gave you, tice them to offend God rather than serve God, and die withou'. being re it wiled to Crod. have to send you to Hell. And He will do this to vindicate the claims of justice. Far from this implying a deficiency in God, there would be a deficiency in f lint if having given the moral law,

Goa will

Saturday, January 16, 1937.

THE RECORD.

FOUR

The Voice of Charity

the oppression of CaThe Verger told Morton that this was antism demands Though you belong to the tholics. done to see whether the story that do not take such the Saint was secretly buried else- Orange Lodge you entirely to your I certainly admire your patience with is that ,and views some absurd letters which are far true. was where or not But your personal tolerance credit. too long and don't give others a That is correct. does not absolve other members from c hance. responsibility for their intolerant inThe Verger then declared that it was Regular listeners know how freof s ions. remain obligat the Orange of found they ation for terpret true, quently I ask for brief questions, inSt. Cuthbert in the grave. sisting that one page be the limit. . diction contra a is , course of That, They should remember that an adeelseburied really was If St. Cuthbert quate answer to a two-line query may in be not would where, his remains take five or ten minutes at times, from an Irish paper cutting a enclose I by d reporte As Durha.m Cathedral. above all on Scriptural or historical (' is manly enough priest one which n i or e, Morton, the Verger was obscur subjects, However, all letters are to tell the truth. perhaps a printer's error is responsible in answered due course provided they for omitting the word "not- prior to are within the scope of a religious enHe tells the truth about one par" true." quiry session. ticular aspect of Orange government Is it true that St. Cuthbert's body was in Northern Ireland, an aspect which May ourHeavenly Father show you found to be incorrupt even up to I myself must heartily commend. I the true light in all things is my will give listeners the benefit of your 1537? humble prayer. a at ing "Speak Here it is: e xcerpt. I know no more than that ancient You could offer no more welcome temperance rally at Bray, Father Gleewritten records declare that to be true. prayer for one engaged in dealing with what say might 'they that as said n son questio the I have not gone into so many different problems submitted they laced about Orangemen, but it is to the value of those records, and have by people who so vary in their disSabthe ate If God is really the All in All, desecr not did men to Orange formed no p4rticulau judgment as ns. I am therefore most gratern positio Northe rank foolishness to imagine that He of ment Govern the bath, and the historical value of their contents. ful to you both for the offering of the would be complimented in any sense ly closed all pubproper very nd Irela Him. many prayer, and the nature of the prayer. by the scheme you attribute to Is it known if the bodies of He urged the lic-houses on Sunday. And in turn I ask God to reward your other Saints have remained incor- Government of the Free State to folit is not I who attribute any scheme recharity with even greater blessings that has rupt? But He le,'" what examp good declare this I low God. to few cases it is recorded that t rparts than those you wish me. a agains counte In s militate l eterna way no in the ion be quotat to vealed have been found saints e, of possibl ution bodies persec the only the not about evil said I and ng anythi of the good if to be incorrupt years after their bur- of Catholics in Ulster. No one mainbut so evident in human life. And of whatever opinhold may People s motive ial. great tains that the administration is enwe take the three is ion they wish on this matter, accordBut praise given by a evil. tire12,c onduct. what is useful, what C. L., Burgess, Camperdown, Vic. : aling to their personal estimate of the which make for solaws to priest pleasant, and what is right, I have records as are available. briety cannot nullify criticism of lax- In St. John =C., we read that Christ of such of ent value treatm God's that said ready washed the feet of His disciples, and utility which permits anti-Catholic viocreatures will not be based upon said, "If I, your Lord, have washed right is what upon but re, lence, ity or pleasu your feet, ye also ought to wash one And the rank and just in itself. another's feet." God :that e -Humanitarian," Sydney: f oolishness is to imagin just But the chief thing That is so. ic barbar must abandon what is right and the How can you justify t to teach was, of Our wished Lord chiland because a creature in rebellion agains slaughtering of the women ious vioThis priest had read the report of the course, the dispositions of humility and ic Cathol Him whines about the sacrileg the by Madrid of dren es. Liberti Civil re. National Council for charity. He did not intend to impose lation of its own utility and pleasu General Franco. upon all. Christians of all time the obno way repudiin he And had. called Ile be should I why see I don't n of fulfilling that particular custhat, whatwas ligatio said he All the it. of ated defence The so. upon to do other in current in the East. then be tom may there her truth and ever Church ic truth of the Cathol Govern rn Northe t the deagains the ges d char The Pope, I understand, is the Vicar teachings, does not deman Consider a lapsed Catholic who gives we must admire its legislation who ual ment, individ of Christ on earth. every what of fence up his religion because his reason happens to profess the Catholic reli- in the matter of hotel closing on SunThat k our Catholi. - teaching. tells Min that it is the wrong interdays. gion may or m ay not choose to do. a es he follow in any particular this Does preserv he though on, pretati er, General Franco's actions Howev strademon of Christ? anity. example attend Christi ns hooliga in all, belief After foundational can certainly be justified. The attack He certainly cultivates those disall ldnds. of tions His reason would not come to such not or d justifie is , on Madrid, of course positions of humility and charity a conclusion. Such a man would be That excuse cannot avail in the case according to the rights or wrongs of or which Christ intended to inculcate by very the For riots. guided by imagination, emotion, t And I certain of the Belfas his cause in general. influthe the incident you have mentioned. But under tion ment inclina Govern other any speeches of responsible ly maintain that his cause--the delivomishave in mind the actual rite of by You either were guilty will they a ence of officials are in print, and of his own country from the Comery not, g of feet. Now, as a matwould washin the He secssion. e sion or commi deliberately calculated to provok n—warranted the exinvasio t munis that actual rite is included fact, of ter sin. therefore, be free from tarian hostility in the name of the treme measures taken. There was no the Liturgy of the Catholic Church. in offithese of Some of ction it Lodge. destru Orange alternative save the Supposing he is blameworthy, would and each year on Holy Thursday, from tcials boasted of the identification of ;pain as a nation. be worse for him to adopt Protes time immemorial ,it has been the cusOrange with of itself the Government Coming to the precise question antism. or Agnosticism, or straighttom for Bishops in their Cathedrals. r quarte no ism, and declared that his attack on Madrid ,it is essential to out Atheism? the Pone in Rome, to wash the and am I ics his cause that he should secure con- must he given to Cathol You are giving impossible condiof twelve poor men who volunfeet the not dependent on the Report of trol of that city. And he could have But this anFor you have just said that tions. teer for the ceremony. for es Liberti Civil he of il that Counc not it beNational had it long ago, were moration of Our Lord's exthe man preserves a foundational comme nual ed publish ndent s. indepe civilian this, but upon He can't prewished to avoid slaughtering lief in Christianity. ample on the first Holy Thursday is reports of the speeches of Govern and smashing its beautiful buildings. serve that, and yet be an Agnostic or a concrete expression of the hubut add to hasten I lie therefore left a way open for the ment officers. I must A theist. State a s-encible cat' and and charity which Christ demility such that that I am delighted to know Communists to depart, and delayed in will deal with it. all Christians as abiding disof mands as intolerance is as distasteful to .you order to give them time to depart. But nspositio to myself. the Reds determined to make him smash the city before taking it. And, as the "Sydney Morning Herald" pointCaRoman the why explain ed out in a leading article recently, Can you they kept the women and children tholic Church took no part in the there so that their sufferings could be World Congress of Faiths which was 61, 63 and 6; KING ST., PERTH Used for propaganda purposes. But held in London in July last? their te evacua the Reds took care to Catholic It is because the Yes. The Leading Leather Merchant own women and children as far as R Church believes that there is but one possible, and gave Franco the dreadSUPPLY ANYTHING IN LEATHE WE true and completely Christian Faith— attack the ning abando of choice ful Skins for Fancy Work that taught by herself. She can never Saddlery and Harness, Suit Cases, Etc. Suede on Madrid, or of killing the wives and sanction by her participation in ConThe ters. suppor own children of his SOLE AGENTS FOR— gresses which admit that the unity of idea that he wants to do this through the Church has been lost and that it time Stock Remedies, for Horses, Cattle, cheer savagery is absurd. Some Dr. Scholl's Foot Appliances. "Salvitis"Free Booklet on Application must be found again, and which hope ring child a made unists Comm the ago Dogs. , Sheep, Pigs, Poultry t o attain unity by a compromising up his father in a besieged garrison, The unity policy of give and take. death to put be R ACQUETS would he TENNIS urging that RESTRING WE promised by Christ has been retained not surrender. The did father the if who those and , by the Catholic Church .•41110•4110•411 reply of the father rang through*-4.4-0••4111.+41,•4110•41W•-•0•4110•4104,41M4HM•411,44111044M4111 went out from that unity should re- heroic world. In the attack on Madrid • 4.•4•-•mik•Ek•400•4s, the out turn to it. Again, the Catholic Church bigReds are merely saying on a believes that she is but the custodian the scale now to the Nationalist insurger Christ, Jesus by taught religion of the gents, "We'll see you kill Your own She has not the the Son of God. ones before we get out." Genloved to mises, compro right to make any 's delay has been very exFranco eral docHis pare down and whittle away may even prove fatal to and , pensive trines to placate those who refuse to But it is quite intelligt. projec his And it accept them in their fulness. his determined assault as even would be useless to attend a Con- ible, now that he sees no hope city the on "We le princip the on gress working any other methods. are all wrong, and must put our heads of ourtogether to see how we can put The Catholic Church selves right." claims essentially to have received and S.W., Ca.mpsie: preserved a Divine Commission to hard on Orangeteach mankind in the name of Christ. I felt you were a bit enquirer who sland Queen a to men longno If she unsaid that she would M ANUFACTURERS (A' wanted information on the Order. er be the Catholic Church at all. Yet origin, the upon based My reply was Congresses of non-Catholic denominautterances tions would welcome her participation history ,and on present-day of the rs membe of es she activiti that and tanding unders the only on as is she e. that Lodg admits and unsays this, Town and Country Clients: ObReason alone I am getting on for 80 years of age, aillS°11 fallible as themselves. Order Orange the t though and if I should appreciate at least the, consist tain Price and List of Stock Sizes existed solely for the persecution of ency of the Catholic position. it. to belong of "SAM SON" Plasterboard for Catholics, I would not The original purpose of the Order CEILINGS & WALLS. was the defence of the Protestant suclNatura . Throne British the to cession ally H. V. Morton, in his book. "The Call ly it asks its members to be person ADDRESS: 112 SHAKESPEARE ST., MT. HAWTHORN. But of England," tells how St. Cuthbert's loyal to their Protestant religion. there is not the slightest doubt that grave in Durham Cathedral was 'Phones: B6624, B1453, B4549 (ALL HOURS). love that believe rs membe its of many 1899. in opened . 4111004W of Protestantism requires lhatred of ,•4110•410•4111N41111.•4110•110•41PNWNW•410•4110•41.0 It ic a fact that it was opened in 411N,411 Catholics and the defence of Protestthat year. He did not vindicate that law. Men too easily assume that God's dominion over creatures must not under any circumstances involve inconvenience for Their liberty must those creatures. be supreme, even if God is to be deprived of the liberty to appoint the t*. moral laws regulating their conduc those flout to d allowe be must Men laws, and do as they like, and even God has no right to threaten retribution. So men deny Hell, and if they acknowledge religion at all, it is to be allowed no office but to soothe and comfort them. Genuine love of God casts out fear. But men want to cast the out fear, without bothering about And then they talk love of God. about a deficiency in God if they are not allowed to do so.

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FIVE

THE RECORD.

FAMOUS CAT! IOLIC CATHEDRALS The Cathedrals of the ,yorld are an expression of thought deeper than time, for they ,peak of the majesty of God', of the ages which dip back over th horizon o f the years and pass lway into the future beyond he vision of man. Just as nature dray" from the soul of man a sigh of wonder at its profusion. its magnificence, its unending variation, s(i. if von stand for the first time under the dome of St. Peter's. ioine. von feel overpowered by tho sr,lemn majesty of this, the seat of the Prince of the Apostles. Basilicas. The Basilica is of Vastern • hut it is in the \vest, above all in Rome, that the finest exThe amples are to be found. word signifies a hall fit for a king. and the concept of Christ as king. and the bishop as holding, authority from Him, has always produced a rich ornamentation, awl nowhere has it been so lavishly exThe pressed as in St. Peter's. first basilica was tlie result of a curious set of circumstances. Constantine. haying becotoe Emperor of Rome, invited the reigning pontiff. Pope Miltiades. to live with him in the Lateran palace. and as it was felt that a chapel \ 'as needed, the basilica adjoining the palace. used until that time as a court of justice. was converted to a Christian use, and named "The Basilica of the Holy Saviour."

(By E. 1-1. INMAN.) tied the plan. Since that time the church has been lengthened, and the whole to-day expresses accurately the authority of the first bishop in the world. The ornamentation is mostly in inlaid marble, and although elaborate is refined by a classical restraint.

The French Tradition. If we pass from Venice to Paris, we are at once confronted with Notro Dame, pungent with, the memory of .Lacordaire and the famous preachers of ChrisNotre Dame tian apologetics. has given its name to universities, to schools of thought And to re-

"To view but one of the famous Cathedrals of the world is to ap preciate the regent-rating spirit of Christ." Byzantine Influence. ligious institutes, and is still the The basilica is, however, not architectural feature in a city the only form of Cathedral to be famous for its architectural wonIi mud in Italy, for Gothic archi, ders, but probably St. Croix Calecture, the produce of the ages thedral. Orleans, which was reo f chivalry, when kings. princes, built in 1278, is France's best examl wealthy merchants, vied ample of devotional structure. It with one another to create in is generally not considered as stone or marble a perpetual act good an example of Gothic as of worship. has given rise to St. Rheims. since it has many archiMary's Cathedral, Milan. most tectural features which have .no The main enaptly described as "a forest of structural basis. In trance is imposing with its three beauty in carved marble." contrast to St. Mary's. Milan, we rose windows. and its two rather have the Cathedral of St. Mark. solid towers, hut it expresses the Venice, dating back to the mediaeval love of beauty. and eleventh and twelfth centuries. represents the dedication of a The structure is eastern. and church. "Celestial city of Jerusashows the influence of Byzan- lem, blessed vision of peace. reartium. When Constantine mov- ed to the stars in living stone.' ed to Byzantint, the imperial The skill of the mediaeval builder splendour`of the new capital soon is well seen in St. Croix. 7ind to the • appreciate this skill it is necesover found imitators all world, and gave rise to Byzansary to realise, that whereas to-

The Cathedral was conFuda. ecrated on ALIN- 6, 1012, and was founded by the Emperor Henry If,. now a canonised saint, but in 1081 the building was destroyed by fire, .and the new Cathedral built by St. Otto of Bamberg was consecrated in 1111, and a century later received its present It is 3.09 Romanesque form. feet long. 92 feet broad, and 85 feet high. It possesses besides other works of art a monument to the memory of Henry II, and the Empress Kunig-unde, his wife, by the sculptor Tilman Riemenschneider, which is considered to be his greatest work. Fulda, as has been mentioned, gave to Bamberg its first Christian form, and not far from Fulda and partially under its jurisdiction, we come to Frankfort-on-the-Main. Here in former days the election and coronation of the German Emperors took place. and it boasts an important Cathedral named St. Bartholomew, and it was in this Cathedral that the German Emperors were crowned. It stands on the site formerly occupied by the Church of the Saviour built by Louis the German in 850. and rebui1t in Gothic style in 1239. and renamed St. Bartholomew. The most remarkable feature of this beautiful Cathedral is the tower (Pfarrturml which was addtd between 1415 and 1512. This tower is magnificently decorated.

k

ST. PETER'S ROME.

It is still the Cathedral Church o f Nome. awl of the world. under • tic .4 "St. .Iohn Lateran." • many Years it was in the O f the t:aiu,11•.. Re tdar if t lic_ Lateran. an order founded 1,v • Ati;;-n,tine of Hipp,. and the y s till hear that title. The Basilica of the Lateran xvhich dates back to the time of Constantine, sh.ws that even at that early period it was customary to richly decorate the altar with precious stone, and marble carvings, and to cover the whole with a c an, bpy. St. John Lateran. although the oldest. must give place to St. Peter's as the greatest achievement in basilican architecture, the most important feature being the dome. Two conflicting ideas are to be found in the structure, that of Michael A ngelo. and that of Bramante. for whilst Bramante conceived a square church with a dome. Michael Angelo considerably modi-

tine architecture. St. Mark's is a series of domes rather like a number of mosques united into one. l‘tit aithoug-h oriental in appearance it is a profound expressi(m of Christian theology. St. Mark's is not only the greatest sight in Venice. it is Venice. for all commerce and pleasure are centred round its square. The w hole is shadowed by the Lion of the Evangelist, and one stands lost in admiration before the dome which rises at the end of t he square, a galaxy of brilliant colours which not even eight cenlyrics have succeeded in tarnishing. In the interior every inch o f wall is covered by jasper, porphyry. and serpentine, in a profusion of artistic design. To aporeciate St. Mark's, it must be seen early in the morning filled with devout worshippers when it btrrsts upon one like a glimpse - f the beatific vision.

day die frame work can he set up in steel girders weldeo or bolted together. and the walls Wilder added to this frame. of those days had no such facilil ies. and a single mistake in balance. and the whole edifice woul.i. be wrecked; they were remarkably skilful structural engineers. Very often they showed a happy carekssnt ss, for 5110111(1 a chapel be needed it was added reg-ardiess of exterior design, and in this way, unconsciously, they built themselves into their Cathedrals which breathe in every stone a human personality. Bavaria. From St. Croix let us pass to the Cathedral of Bamberg. Pamhertz. in the kingdom of Bavaria. embraces the cities of Nurenburg. Furth. An sbach. and Erlangen. r iginalk christianised by the Benedictine monks of

an,l i ives to the Lathedral ail imperial dignity. Like so many other famous churches St. Bartholomew's was partially destroyed by tire in 1867, hut it as reconstructed by Den zing-er, famous for his association with the Cathedral of Ratisbon. Recent excavations have confirmed the f act that the present Cathedral is imilt on the site of an old Roman fort occupied during the reign of Domitian by the Fourteenth Legion. Despite the preaching of Luther the Cathedral still remains in Catholic hands, and is one of Germany's most historic landmarks. It was at Frankfort that the peace between Germany and France was signed in 1871. From Frankfort let us turn to A ntwerp for we have in Antwerp a connecting link with Ireland in the virgin saint Dvinphna. \Ow( was born of Irish parents. and lived. for many years near this city. The Cathedral of St.

Saturday, January 16, 1937.

THE RECORD.

SIX ••••=111L.

TH

PF

I

Mary's is of considerable interest begun in the year 1354 and comIt is pleted 176 years latercruciform in shape with triple isles and ambulatory. The vaults are supported by a forest of 125 The northern tower columns. to say that it Napoleon caused reminded him of Mechlin lace floating in the breeze. and this is really an excellent description of this exquisite piece of tnediaeval craftsmanship. The Cathedral is also famous for its organ which contains ninety registers, and is said to be the largest in Belgium. There are also a number of famous paintings, amongst which are the "Descent from the Cross," and "The Assumption," Cathedral The by Rubens. suffered much at the hands of the Calvinists in 1566. and from the French in 1794. Once Catholic Church of England In England we cannot help but be struck by the grandeur of her Cathedrals 114- m- unhappily in Protestant hands, but the fact remains that they were built by Catholics and are a memorial to Catholic architecture..York Minister, in every sense of the word a glory in stone, is built on the site of the old wooden church erected for the baptism of Edwin. king of Northmnbria. and is the largest of the mediaeval Cathedrals. Its chief glory is undoubtedly its stained glass windows which include the earliest glass known in England. There is one window called "The Five Sisters' Window," which is probably the most beautiful window Then we have in the world. Canterbury. a triumph in artistic creation which for twelve centuries has stood a monument to its The founder. St. Augustine. "Second Spring- of the faith in England has brought with it a new series of Cathedrals which in time will certainly rival the Naturally one turns to old. Westminster Cathedral, designed by Bentley. and built under Cardinal Vaughan. Cardinal Bourne

So far as Brazil is conname. cerned there is little worthy of note, though the imperial chapel which has been converted into a Cathedral in Rio de Janeiro preserves the spirit of Latin-American architecture and will in time become an architectural feature of the city. Our Own Cathedrals.

ST. MARY'S ()AVM DRAL, SYDNEY.

and His Grace Archbishop Hinsley, who now occupies the See. the conception Byzantine in arches are lofty and majestic, and although as yet incomplete the interior decorations show that we in our time have craftsmen worthy of the name. The new Cathedral of Liverpool has not vet taken stifficient shape for any real idea to be formed of its final appearance, hut it vill certainly become famous as it will be the second largest Cathedral in the lvorld, ,:econd only to St. Peter's. R ome. The Spanish Style. No one who has not visited Spain can have any conception of the delicacy of stone carving and mural decorations which are to

be seen in the chapel of the Cathedral of Siguenza. built in 1520, or the stone tracery in the transept of the Cathedral of Burgos, and there is no more picturesque Cathedral in the world than the old Cathedral of Salamanca, looked at from the east, whilst the main di.orwav of the new Cathedrals, a mass of intricate carvufficient reward for .a ing, i long journey. If we touch Mexico, that country of fine lace, sunshine, and perpetual unrest, we find it teeming with religious obThe Cathedral in jects of art. the city of Mexico is a fine powerful buildng. whilst the Cathedral of Chihuahua. built in 1711, and completed in 1780. is a worthy tribute to the city of that

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To-day Australia is becoming conscious of the great need for from centres Cathedrals as which episcopal authority may be exercised. but can at the moment boast of no Cathedral comparable to those of the older civlisation of Europe. To view hut one of the major Cathedrals of the world is to appreciate the reovneratincr spirit of Christ. The domes and spires rising to heaven stand as a sign of His uhiquit ous rule, the fulfilment of }Tic Own prophecy that throughout the ages He would remain with His people.

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To turn to our own part of the British Empire, Australia, with its hierarchy of 25 prelates exercising episcopal jurisdiction, naturally has a number of important St. Patrick's, MelCathedrals. bourne, can accommodate some 6,000 people, and was the centre o f the great Eucharistc Congress to which His Grace the Archbishop of Liverpool spoke. It has a modern appearance, rather plain with a short square tower at one end and two steeples over St. Francis the main entrance. Xavier's Cathedral. Adelaide, has a very fine open approach. and its single steeple can be seen for Whilst our own many miles. St. Mary's, with its beautiful proportions and admirable site. should be second to none when completed.

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Saturday, January 16, 1937.

THE RECORD

SEVEN

THE PROBLEM OF SOCIAL JUSTICE. VII.

Suggestions for the Reformer in Australia National Insurance and the Servile State A Final Word on the Living Wage ( By MICHAEL KELLY)

factor; to stn s how degrading idleness is: to avoid putting a premium on idleness by paying too high a dole. Of course, idleness is demoralising. You have Unix- to look at the rich to realise that. But poverty is still more demoralising- and should not exist in our community. Suggestions. There is scope for an increase in wages above the "basic" scale, and for reduction in hours so that "opportunities for work IllaV be ..provided to all." (Pius NI.) All this would mean more money in the hands of the people. The State would pay for many of its services by issuing its own credit. This would mean lessened taxation, and the increased purchasing power in

No one can deny that reme- dard of social justice." The dies for our social ills are urgent- public authority, he says, should ly necessary. The evils of the be ready to protect the weak at system \ill soon be corrected the expense of the strong, and whether or no, and it is import- every man should get a just ant that the right cure should be wage. applied before the wreckers come The just wage .should be conand pply the wrong one. "Un- ditioned by three points: (1), less serious attempts be made . . . It should be large enough to suplet nobody persuade himself that ply the domestic needs of a man, t he peace and tranquillity of his wife and family. (2) The human society can be effectively wage should be conditioned by defended against the forces of the state of the business. Thus revolution." t (uadregesimo An- a inf we prosperous business no.) business should be able to pay a higher wage; but the wages Servitude of the Masses. The ruling classes themselves should not eat up the just proThe wage are becoming faintly conscious fits of the owners. of the necessity of the masses standard should serve the exigfor security, and attempts are encies of the common good. It being made to popularise the should be of such a size that the idea of compulsory insurance wage-earner can by skill and against sickness and unemploy- thrift acquire a certain modest ment. But this will be no rem- o wnership. and by acquiring edy; it is merely a device to con- some independence free himself firm the masses in servitude. from the "hand-to-mouth uncerNational insurance means intol- tainty which is the lot of the proThe standard should erable . tyranny by a new depart- letarian." ment of the Civil Service; the be such as to keep the economic insurance officials vill hold in- life going at its optimum pitch. quisitorial powers over the in- There should be a reasonable PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT sured. and the poor will be at correspondence between agriculhas made a genuine attempt, with the the mercy of a rigid red-tape tural and industrial wages. approval of his people. to master the system. Employers and emMoney Power of America. The Living Wage. ployees will have to contribute Now, it is obvious that, given to the system, and the balance freedom from control by will be made up by increased money power, our economic the the hands of the people would life taxation. And the main bene- could function at a higher pitch mean a development of home inficiaries of the system will be and supply all the normal needs dustries and home markets, and the insurance companies. so be- of every citizen. In All naother words, a fuller economic life. loved of our monopolist inter- poverty could be abolished. But tions are becoming- more selflocking directorate. Compul- the first condition necessary is supporting and less dependent on sory insurance will give the that the Governmen t should be export trade. Thus it is certain worker a small degree of secur- ready to champion the poor that our export trade will deity at the expense of whatever again-J the rich. And the Gov- cline; and this will mean that we freedom he has left, and will in- ernment at present is controlled will not be able to pay our crease the strength of the money by the Money If we cancelled Power. Thus it foreign debts. power. It is no remedy. The is important that the Govern- these debts we should merely effective remedy is to increase ment should be set free, and the be following the cxample of Engfreedom. not to diminish it. obvious thing to do is to give it land. France. ( ;ermanv and many Money spent on social services control over the issue Frantic producof its own other nation: is really a form of increased credit. tion It 'r the 1'Ni). ,rt trade would Nvacs : but it carries with it a then cease. ami we should be During the war the Australian burden of servitude. Why not free fr, ,111 by exterinat give the man his increase in Banks lent £350,000,000 to the nal money interest . It would wages direct, and leave him free? Government. and Sir Denison mean a re40- -anisati4ni of our inMiller stated that the amount Justice and Charity. ternal economy. Thfse producPope Pius XI. outlines the could- have been doubled if necing for export x\ ould transfer All this was new their energies necessary remedies as follows: essary. to the home mar"Since the present economic re- money, created against the cre- ket. The State. bv issuing its dit of Australia. Why cannot ( mit gime is based main!Y upon Capicredit, would compensate he Govemment take control of tal anti Labour .it follows that thf)se who lose by this And the the principles of right reason such a mechanism and use its transition Nvould he effected with credit in the interests of its peoand Christian social philosophy :1• little disorganisation as posr egarding- Capital. Labour and ple? There is tremendous scope sible. their mutual co-operation must for an increase in credit, and Special legislation should be he accepted in theory and re- there is no doubt that the ex- passed to control large business duced to practice. . . . the mutual perts could work out a mechan- and protect smaller ones: a relations between Capital and ism for such an increase, with- 111a11V as possible should he small Labour must be determined ac- out causing a rise in prices. (mniers and independent of ecocording to the laws of ,the strictThe meagre dole handed out nomic domination by wealthy est justice. supported by Chris- to the old and infirm and to the corporations. I think some of tian charity. unemployed is a standing dis- the reformers make a mistake in Free competition and, still grace. No one should have less emphasing too strongly the beaumore, economic domination, must than a living wage. If work ties of leisure; employment 's he kept within just and definite cannot be found, it is the fault better than idleness. But if limits, and must be brought of the system which replaced idleness is enforced. the man under the effective control of the men by machines. and the men should get a Ii ing wage. Leo public authority. . . . The public are entitled to a living wage. XIII. said: "It is only by the institutions of the nations must The problem is not really "unem- labour of working men that be such as to make the whole of ployment" but "poverty." It is States grow rich." And it is linntan society conform to the in the interests of the plutocracy obvious that there is plenty of .:ommon good. i.e., to the stan- t o emphasise the unemployment ‘vork to he done in Australia. PATRONISE OUR ADVERTISERS

Efforts should be made to conserve our resources. The urge for huge profits impels Capitalists to destroy forests and rivers, and by intense cultivation of farm lands to convert rich areas into deserts. Mines are played out in a few years, and fisheries destroyed. Decline in our export trade will mean that this will gradually cease, and the resources of the country will be saved from insane exploitation. Steps should he taken to prevent violent fluctuations in prices of primary produce. Thus the farmers will have stability and security, and will be enabled to get out of debt. Roosevelt and the Reformer. This is merely a hint of what may be attempted by a reformer in Australia. Attempts are being made to master the money power in various parts of the world. The most notable of these is that of Roosevelt in He is a son of American Plutocracy, and he has issued a challenge to plutocracy in its greatest strongholds. His huge majority in the recent election affords a ray of hope for the w orld. Details of administration are not for the ordinary man. He should concentrate on the fact that "poverty can be abolished." and he should do all in his power to spread the glad tidings. Then a strong public opinion will arise and demand it of our rulers. And, if the outcry is strong enough. you can het your life that poverty WILL be abolished. ( Concluded.)

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THE RECORD.

EIGHT

Saturday, January 16, 1937.

"NEW RUSSIAN CONSTITUTION" RELIGIOUS FREEDOM ---NOT GUARANTEED Moscow_ has announced, according to recent reports in the daily Press, that the new Russian Constitution, promulgated last June, had come into effect. It is reported :) . s guaranteeing religious ,freedom, because it permits "fredom of religion, and anti-religiou3 progaganda.” A brief review of the facts underlying the implications of (1), "Freedom of religion," and (2), "anti-religious propaganda," will show that the new Constitution of the U.S.S.R. does not denote any change in the Soviet attitude towards freedom of conscience.

(By PAUL BRENNAN.) only because it serves to demonstrate how superstitious people were in the bad old days. A fter all, the new Russian Constitution is hut a re-affirmation of principles, and it is, therefore, necessary to remember that the omission of any religious guarantee is (Inc to the fact that the decree on religion, of April 8, More1929, is still in force. tion, administra central the over, i.e., the People's Commisseriats and their satellites, retains its well-known machinery for seeing that all "decrees" are carried out. The decree on religion of April 8, 1929, expressly forbids participation in religious worship to persons under eighteen; forbids except religious associations, "cult associations:" forbids any activity for ministers of worship outside their own places of worship, and the domicile of any of the members of the "cult association."

tution, school, regiment of the Red Army, and apartment house, these cells to number 400,000; and further, the establishment of a Godless cell in every centre of the rural population, such as collective farms, machine-tractor stations, village schools, etc., these rural Godless cells to numThus, the quota ber 600,000. of active Godlessness planned for Soviet Russia. up to the end of 1937, was one million "units" or "cells." Necessity of Atheism.

When an American delegation of workers visited Russia in 1935, they were granted an inArticle 124 of the new Constiterview with Stalin. Stalin was tution reads "To ensure to citiasked whether it W a S possible for the , zens freedom of conscience Comm musts" to be regood separatis U.S.S.R. Church in the %%lien they so desired, lieved, ed from the State, and the school from the obligation of atheism. to Freedom from the Church. Stalin first, that he was replied freeand rites perform religious d not with any "good acquainte dom of anti-religious propaganda C s" the desires inwith ommunist is recognised for all citizens." dicated by the American delegaM. STALIN tion; secondly, that such ComFreedom! munists should not be in existence; and thirdly, that atheism Again, by what are known as The only religious freedom Organisation of Propaganda. is inherent in the Communist that Article 124 guarantees is "Judicial Decrees" parents are In addition to freedom to "per- programme, that Communist "freedom to perform religious expressly denied any right what- form religious rites," Article 124 lead vill lead the propaganda children their oever to instruct rites." No permission whatever of the new Russian Constitution against all religious convictions, is granted for any form of reli- in religion. According to these. also permits freedom of "anti- and that every comrade in a Comgious propaganda ,nor for any it is the "right and the duty" of religious propaganda." An Am- munist State is empowered to deefnce of religion, nor for any the Soviet Government to pre- erican traveller has stated that to c ombat each and every religion preaching or doctrinal instruc- vent any such filling of chil- practise religion, or to go to by persuasion, by propaganda, Nor is it permissible to dren's heads with "prejudices." Church, in Russia to-day is and by an active tion. campaign. The form any kind of religious or- To speak of "liberty of consci- about the quickest way to die of Communist party. said Stalin. as freedom." "religious ecor ence," ganisation, nor to construct starvation. for sooner or later Finally, being the special gift of Soviet the Churchgoer is deprived of cannot he neutral in regard to reedifices. clesiastical ligion: the Communist party any kind of social welfare work Russia is indeed an amazing his or her food-card. This might leads anti -religious propaagnda. that recalled is it when by the Church is forbidden. In irony, be called an indirect assault on The words of Stalin is Soviet other words, the phrase "free- Clause 121 of the Soviet Crim- religion for which the Soviet rul- law. dom to perform religious rites," inal Code enacts that: "The ers are responsible. It does not, in Article 124 of the new Rus- teaching of religious beliefs in however, satisfy the anti-religiit has already been stated that sian Constitution. is a vague State or private educational es- ous propagandists of Moscow— the Soviet rulers were perfectly permission or license for cere- tablishments and schools, to chil- the zealots of atheism. Nvho wish free to employ the immense monial oh,..eryances—transform- dren of tender age. and to minors to kill the soul, as well as in- might of Education and force to Mis- destroy all religion. The Soviet ing religion into the mere shell is punishable by forced labour directly starve the body. of an empty ceremony : a sort of for a period not exceeding one sionaries of atheism are now es- Educational Press shows how historic phantom .to be tolerated year." tablished throughout Russia for igorously the official attack on the purpose of "effectively sup- r eligious ideas among children plementing the atheist teaching has been promoted by the Soviet in the schools." They act apart Educational Authority. Here is from the Soviet rulers, who still an injunction it issued just over r emain perfectly free to employ a year ago: "We must (le -troy the immense might of education and root out every condition and force to root out religion hich could lead to the developfrom the hearts and minds of the ment of religion in the child." anti-religious people through mid again. "We must stifle in the The missionaries c hildren innn their earliest Years propaganda. of atheism (otherwise the Mili- f aith in gods, in saints, in all suptant Godless) have published, ( —natural powers." through the Soviet State printing There is nothing in the text of and publishing house, huge nutnA he rieW Constitution which indit oks. text-bo hers o; Godless provided cates the slightest tendency on t wo-year course is for anti -religious workers. The the part of the Soviet rulers to course prepares: "Workers for mitigate the severity of any of the District Soviets of the Mili- the laws—as vet tmabrogated— WHEN IT COMES TO FOODtant Godless Union; anti-religi- dealing with religion in the ON DEPEND cAN The new ConstituYou STUFFS. ous inspectors for district de; a trend towards libis not tion education THE publk DELIVER of TO partments JOHN WILLS agents, of the unjottrnalisas much a erty. propagand -religious anti ( MODS. of the Press in ng editoralisi tic workers lecturers and advisers : in clubs, libraries, etc. ; workers R ussia wonld lead one to believe. among youth, women and chil- In Russia to-day there is n. ,t a FRIENDLY SERdren ; mass and political workQUALITY .\ND LOW PRICES COMBINED WITH 1.cligious VICE, N1.11<ES SHOPPING A PT. EASU RE AT THE _TOHN WILLS freedom, Or Of freedom ot the Thus "freedom of antiers." STORES. religious iprophganda" permits Press. There is, in fact, no libFREE DELIVERY SERVICE TO ALL SUBURBS DAILY, INCLUDthe various circles and discussion erty Of any kind, in the true ING SCARBOROUGH AND HERDSMAN LAKE. groups of the atheist missionar- sense, since the authority in ies to become organised in So- power recognises .the existence ORDERS PLACED ON BOAT POR ROTTNEST AND GARDEN IsI.AND 4 no human right. viet schools, factories, offices, or collective farms. "If the new Constitution," A gain, the unit of the Soviet Godless movement. in which the writes Father La Farge in "Amt rained 'Godless work is .the "cell" erica." "denotes any change in Soviet Godless the Soviet attitude towards freeIn 1932 the Union declnred a five-vear plan dom of conscience, it is a change f n end in 1937. aiming at the es- in a backward, not a liberalising PERTH'S LEADINg PROVISIONMERCHANU tablishment of a Godless cell in direction." Truly, the BolsheA ND AT BOULDER AND BUNBURY each urban factory, plant, insti- vist mind is a fearful thing •6

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414

Saturday, January 16, 1937.

THE RECORD.

NINE

TKAVEL IN CENTRAL EUROPE I.

once, a tomboy of a girl rushed from the trees to abuse him soundly. On enquiring ,he learned that she was the youngest daughter of the house. He met her, and a romance began, much to the displeasure of the court. He schemed to meet her in a church in Vienna, and there introduced her to the Capuchin Fathers as the future Empress of Austria. It was announced next day in that church, the news spread. and Franz Josep had his way.

I did not enjoy history at Dates are such slippery school things and even battles were dull when sui.-med up in the numbers who fought on either side and the final casualties. How colourful history becomes when You can visit the palaces .of its makers, and see the centuries roll back until the story of those days live again! Anecdotes k By REV. JOHN T NIcNIAHON.) may not be scientific history, but they certainly stick when the not forthcoming, German armies -tunes, which were let as flats dates have wafted away in the marched on Belgrade. Russia during the short Commilnist remists of the past. These objected, and Germany declared gime. and are still occupied. thoughts have been mine since I \var. Ghosts of that simple but imThe number plate on the car perial old man, who never shook visited the Military Museum at V ienna, and saw a panorama of is A111-18, which can be recon- hands, for he recognised no the history of Europe in the structed to read four years of equal. lie low, for if you wander uniforms and development of war and 11-11-18 the date of the around your own grounds you firearms. At the Palaces of the armistice. will never recognise the amazing What an interesting specula- objects which are hanging out to Hapsburgs I learnt to hang my memory of historical events on tion arises out of this incident! dry from the top windows! anecdotes, and the scheme proved so helpful that I am now recalling some of them in the hope THE PALACE OF FRAN /. TOSEP. cTIONRIZUNN that a student of history will write a historical reader for th'e schools, in which the facts of history will be introduced or illustrated by anecdotes, in short, a history in anecdotal tabloids. Such a book would be an invaluable vade-mecum for those preparing for a post-graduate schooling, their trip abroad.

The Fateful Motor Car Vienna's Historical Treasures

I ant standing before the uniform worn by the Archduke Ferdinand, heir to the throne of Austria. when in 1914 he was assassinated. The bullet went through the seam on the right side of the collar and pierced the carotid artery. This mortal \vound was not discovered immediately. The doctors supposed the shot to have penetrated the heart. Here is the great r ent in the coat. cut by the surgeon looking for the wound, which was not discovered until the coat was removed. A rich blue tunic, three stars, red pants, the uniform of a Field Marshal lay in its case, still bespattered b v blood stains. The motor car of history was near. At the back are the marks of the bomb. which exploded one hour before t he fatal bullet. The side view shows the mark of the bullet which killed the Duchess as she threw herself across her husband in a futile attempt to save his life. Archduke Ferdinand was on his way to see old veterans. Bombs were thrown at him as they drove to the hospital to a wait an escort. The Archduke decided to return by side streets. His chauffeur lost his way in the unfamiliar back streets, and the car was held up in a traffic jamb. The car (a Graf Stift) was rethe first shot missed. t he stcond killed the Duchess, and then a hail of bullets finished him. it was the work of the extreme Cheks. because they knew that his accession to the throne meant the postponement of their dreams of independence. Vienna took the tragedy not over-seriously. for Ferdinand had shown his personal interest in the Cheks. and had expressed his intention of being crowned Fmperor of Austria. king of Hungary and King of Bohemia. the first of the Hapsburgs to he styled such. The death was used in Germany to demand reparation in Belgrade. and that

Now a

let as

A devoted pair until her assassination at Geneva, in 1889, as she boarded a lake steamer for a pleasure run. As she and one lady in waiting moved towards the gangway a man staM)efi She was so closely cor-. etted that she did not realise what happened. remarking, "People are rude here: a man pushed me as I was coming aboard." Suddenly she fainted, and the wound was fatal. Here is Napoleon's room, wherein he slept in 1804 and 1809. Later it. was occupied by the Young Eagle, until his early death at the age of 21. Since then it has been unoccupied. The Kaiser asked to sleep in that bed, but old Franz Josep refused him. The body of Napoleon's son lies in the vaults of the Capuchin Fathers, which no visitor in Vienna should miss seeing. Time and time again the French have asked for the body. Austria, now a broken power, must move diplomatically by referring the demand to the Hapsburgs, who indignantly refuse. The Hapsburgs are buried in the crypt of the Capuchin Church. You descend cold, damp steps and walk from chamber to chamber, with the men on one side, and the women on the other. Emperor vied with Emperor in the elaborate bronze sarcophagi they ordered, while vet alive. The serpent with its tail in its tit , tith, the symbol of eternity, is prominently used. Breaking from all tradition, that masterful woman. Mark. Terese, is buried with her husband, and their remains are encased in a bronze sarcophagus that depicts the gorgeous pageant of her coronation, while panels show the glory of her reign hi the top she sits with her husband, determined that Austria shall not forget her. Her 18 children are all here.

ot the li...cs1),!rgs The uppe- stork.: during the Comm uni t regime awl THE TOWN HALL. X- IENN

In strong- CI mtrast with the presumptuous gesture of Marie T en-se. is the plain coffin of the late Emperor. Franz josep, and his beloved Elizabeth. A simple coffin among the grandeur of m emorial attracts one's curio:it v. it .contains the bodies of the natural children of Marie Louise and an Austrian officer. She could never marry as long as Napoleon lived. The Capuchins refused burial. but on the understanding that there would be no inscription on the coffin, permitted it. So in the list of the tombs max- be seen the entrY—"Two unknown Archdukes."

An example • of the French Gothic Sty-

Had Ferdinand listened to his Looking down from the walls advisors .and remained in the are the Hapsburgs. As one hospital till a strong bodyguard looks at Franz .iosep, who died arrived, the course of modern at the age of 86 in 1916. after 60 history might have run different- y ears' reign. many anecdotes enly. Another grim relic of the dear his memory to the Ausmuseum was the actual declara- trians. At table he would take tion of war, signed by the Kaiset. a knife. use it as a looking glass, Hapsburg Anecdotes. and if he failed to see his mousA t Schonbrunn, the palace of tache, he left the room in a sulk. the Hapsburgs ,one can lillow His wife. Elizabeth, whose life the history of Europe from the ended so tragically. looks down days of the Crusaders down to and whispers about her first the World War. This beautiful meeting with Franz Josep. Hc building, still painted in the was plighted to the eldest daughroyal Yellow, a yellow that the ter of a ducal family. Out ridViennese compare with "srtam- ing one day he decided to call Ned eggs," is to-day a historical on her. On the avenue his t rcasilre house, except its upper horse frightened a puppy, and at

I

A t the historical 17111sellti yon see the sword of Hungary, which Marie Terese received as Princess of Hungary. The sword

SAY—"I SAW YOUR ADVER TIS7MF.:T IN 'THE RECORD*"

Impressions

P1

II

Saturday, January 16, 1937.

THE RECORD

TEN

of

Cardinal Pacelli

was pointed to the four corners of Hungary as a symbol of its Empress, Becoming loyalty. oi studying fast hand a country Marie Terese feared disloyalty During the visit to the States which means so much to the in Hungary, so she appeared bePacelli, Secretary of al f Cardin o Franz infant the Church, and it is unnecessary to fore them with to the Vatican, an Ameriate St the Taking arms. search for any further reason. her in p jose correspondent of the "CathoHis last act on the morning of sword which she had received as can the privilege of had " Herald lic the to it pointed his departure, just as it had been princess, she g the Solemn High Mass the first on his arrival, was to north, south, east and west, re- attendin York's greatest Jesuit visit St. Patrick's Cathedral, minding them of its promise of in New which the Cardinal at ch chur looks angry sullen where with Cardinal Hayes he But loyalty. She pontificated. knelt _before the Blessed. Sacrawere the only response. Holding the He writes of his experiences in ment whilst the "Itinerarium" thought quickly. : words deng tically followi drama the was recited for his safe journey: she baby aloft, s religiou the all of clared that mother and son must heads "The Extent of the Trip. The baby Orders in New York, accomdie for Hungary. Altogether His Eminence had began to cry, the mother looked panied him in procession up the been in America barely four threatening. and the princes fell nave and tilled the Sanctuary. w eeks. He had covered the conYears later on their knees. t was a representative gathertinent from the Atlantic to the event, the g recallin Josef). Franz ing and among them I could disPacific flying 8,000 miles and vissecular said that his mother pinched him tinguish besides the iting twelve of the sixteen eccleso hard that he had to cry. His flight clergy the habits of Dominicans, siastical provinces. had been over some of the most Franciscans, Carmelites, PassionHere is the crown of the Holy ists. Paulists and Fathers of the majestic scenery in the country, Roman Empire, the pivotal point Blessed Sacrament. the Grand Canyon. the Rocky al of years of European history. Orient ains and other ranges, Nithe Mount of Head The There in its glass case is the Churches in the United States agara Falls and other world recoronation robe of the Holy Ro- was also present and occupied a nowned places. He had blessed man Emperor—its two eagle place of honour beside the Carthe new bridge in San Francisco. heads ablaze with halos, and as dinal's throne. He had visited Mount Vernon you examine their beaks, one and placed a wreath on the tomb Among the laity was to be seen finds the name of the makers of George Washington. poliwhose That agathe Mr. James Farley, to with the date. Dethe The Catholic University of of head bowl, supposed to be the Holy tical ability, as HIS EMINENCE CARDINAL ent Fordham, Notre Dame Presid America, sation, organi PACELLI. Grail, with Christ's name in mocratic days Universities had conother two and of victory lt's ooseve R Greek letters, was the inspiration ary Degrees upon Honor ferred so much. o f much in the days of chivalry. later owed him. Personal Impressions. There is the Holy Lance, which It combined strength and kindA t the Catholic University he slowly .intellectual power and deep recalled how years ago he was on passed tradition says has one of the ness al A s the Cardin instinct It was nails of the True Cross embed- by me—so close I could have spirituality. t he point of accepting their inviit opas that Be ity. an its shaft. with sincer ded in t ouched his robes—I had tation to become Professor of may, it played its part in the his- portunity of studying the tall asI thought how great a conso- Roman Law when Pius X. had It was raised cetic figure and resolute face lation it must be to the Holy tory of Europe. upon his staying in . the Huns, and I congratulated the artist, Father to have such a man to insisted agains! as a standard continuing in the Dipand Rome and because of its fame, the sol- whose picture of His Eminence share the heavy responsibilities lomatic career. diers clustered round it and so was recently published, for the of the moment. were able to push a human rare penetration with which he So Much Done. Lunched With Roosevelt. Eminence, who speaks wedge through . the ranks of the had portrayed his personality. I His As enTwo days after the Presid tly, remarked on rea fluen h seeing to Huns. ever Englis went ber al remem Cardin don't tial election the he found more face which impressed me Hyde Park, the home of Presi- turning to New York, he had how of realise to depth lt it difficu and (Next Week: "Budapest—Its by its recollection dent Roosevelt's mother, two thing-s. many so do to managed Hudthe up feeling. hours' motor drive Place in History.) "nearly said, he There he took lun- "I have seen." son River. s institucheon with the President on the every type of religion colsities. univer ries. semina tion, Rome. for ure eve of his depart houses ls, hospita , schools leges, the to add to ed propos not It is or the aged. and houses 1 r litmany speculations on the object He adde,i that children." tle His a. of his visit to Americ con-,oled by and edified was he he that said f himsel Eminence ileavd. and seen w had hat he had welcomed the opportunity

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Abstain From the Cinema Trade Objects to Bishop's Suggestion A suggestion that Catholics should abstain from visiting the cinema for six months and should devote the money so saved to a f 1.000,000 appeal made by the Church was put forward by Mgr. John Barrett, Bishop of Plymouth. Speaking in the Palace Theatre, London, he said that 20,000,000 people visited the cinema in that country every week, of that number ab‘att 1,000.000 were Catholics, which, on a basis of a shilling a head, meant £50,000, and six immths' abstinence from t he cinema would produce the 11,000,000 required. "I never knew anybody yet who, when he came out of the pictures, said it had done him any good," added the Bishop. "I have not been to the pictures myself for the last ten years, and I don't feel any the worse for it." Protest From the Trade. "The Cinema.** the trade journal of this industry, has registered protest against the putting into action of such a proposal on the ground that under our pre-

sent social system organtse,.1 abstinence on a grand scale can only bring the horror of ruin and starvation to the innocent employee of the banned trade. Have you stayed to think of the financial and industrial effects of that money_ going out of circulation,' it writes M an open letter to the Bishop. -It would mean less expenditure, less employment, poverty for most and starvation for some. You cannot suddenly take away over a million pounds from an industry without hitting not only the industry itself, hut also those who work in it."

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Saturday, January 16, 1937.

THE RECORD.

ELEVEN

St. John of God Hospital, Rivervale EXTENSIONS BLESSED His Grace the \rchbishop opened the new Hospital buildings at Rivervale, at a Garden Party, on Saturday afternoon, January 9. The spacious building. which represents extensive progress in the Hospital of St. John of God at Ascot-road, Rivervale, is about half the original design. That already constructed comprises two large wings. Each wing has two floors, containing twelve single rooms and spacious wards, with every hygienic modern furnishings, together with two up-to-date operating theatres. Wide verandahs and balconies occupy each side, and the whole building is the latest in hospital design and in ventilation, lighting and heating equipment. So that the original Private residence—Hill 60—ot t wo years ago. is now a comparatively small annexe to the new Hospital, and is connected with it by a covered passage. The Hospital occupies a commanding position overlooking the Swan River. which flows at the base mt. its lawns and gardens. and was originally projected to serve the needs of the growing districts around Victoria Park and the eastern side of the river generally.

AND OPENED

HIS GRACE'S ADDRESS He was privileged to be invited to declare that building officially open. In doing so, he wished the Hospital every success, and he wished every blessing on the Sisters who controlled it. "The Sisters of St. John of God needed no introduction to the public," continued His Grace. "Their noble work in the State from the day of their arrival in Kalgoorlie in 1895 was well known. Their efficiency, conscientiousness and unselfish devotion to duty required no comment. From a tiny mustard seed, represented by the tiny band of pioneers—braying all obstacles and haying in view only the glory of God and the amelioration of the physically distressed—had developed a large tree. with branches spreading to Geraldton. Kalgoorlie. and Bunbury in the \Vest, and to Ballarat and Goulbourn in the East. And t he splendidly efficient Hospital

sources of medical skill. And here." continued His Grace, "it is my pleasing duty to-day to pay public tribute to the members of our medical profession. Probably there is no earthly profession so exacting; no earthly calling so indispensable, and no office of mercy so responsible as that tc which I am privileged to pay tribute. Yet here in this city, we are privileged to acknowledge men and women worthy of the highest traditions of their ancient profession. imbued with a truly philanthropic spirit and a ccnscientious devotion to duty. To their tender solicitude and skilful care, we confide all the ills which flesh is heir to. They are the Good Samaritans of our modern age, confidants and consclers of rich and poor alike, exemplifying in their profession the virtues of Christian compassion and Christian 'charity. And so, on an auspicious occasion like this—the opening of a new cen-

with modern requirements. Its site was second to none; its appointments would, he thought, meet the most exacting demands of hospital authorities. He congratulated the architects, Messrs. Hennessy and Hennessy, for their splendid design, and the contractors. Messrs. A. T. Brine and Sons, for their efficient and thorough work, and felt sure that in the building they had constructed the efficiency of the Sisters in their work of Christian charity would be considerably increased. He wished the Hospital every success and declared it officially open for the noble work of mercy and charity." ( Applause.) Hon. Mr. Gray, M.L.C. ( )n behalf of the Government, the Hon. Mr. Gray, M.L.C., said he was very pleased to have the opportunity of expressing their appreciation of the work of the Hospitals, and they vere proud of the services rendered by the Sisters of St. John of God. Their hospitals were open to all citi-

The new buildings had already 1,een ldessed by His Grace on Januar% 6. nn Saturday after11,cm. at 2.30 p.m.. the official upen;ng took place. The member r the district. Mr. Raphael, p rCSided. and on the platform with His ( t' race were the Hon. )l r. Gray. NIA', C.. re;.re,enting the Cpwernment. Mr. and Dr. 'I'. Clydesdale. NV. N - leagher. calling on His Grace to deci;tre the 1,1tilding open Mr. R;iphael expressed his pleasure at being present on that auspiciwcasi, ,n. and congrattiln!e• • iracc the A r ,-l11, 11,, , the Siste-- - of t hc fli iuch would cater e (c,1-. of the indigent ar H -cii?n,;:inced gm 11: t he river. Tie Nr he I t ) t i ever v 711CCC-S ill IN nt: aml had great pleasure 2 . asking llis Grace to declare. ft 1 /fficially open. His Grace's Address. \T TtTi: i!T HOSPITAL n TICV RN-ALE CYII -Mica there \\ t question making arrangements Ito- thc t ic iai yelling of this Hospital," zens of the State. said His Grace. -they decided to in :stibiat.-0. which catered for all, tre for the more efficient disThey xvere ilk - ite the public to a garden irrespective of creed. - and which charge of their noble profession faithful to their religious conviciii. c the iiidigent as well as —we gladly pay tribute to their tions, and these convictions urgparty and so give them an opporl e better circumstanced, was its work of saving human life, alle- ed them on to tunity to inspect t.he building work for the inviating human pain, and cheerThereI git tits ceremony of bless- , \\-!t advocate before the public. terests of all classes. They had "The name of Sister Barbara, ng human hearts." Applause.) ,t.z-i‘ en an example which others ing the MI Tital he had already performed might well follow. He was grateful to who gave her life in supreme A country sacrifice. was still fresh and green "He was glad to have the opMr. Raphael. Mr. Gray and Mr_ WaS judged mainly by the work Clydesdale for gracing that func- in the memories of West Austra- portunity of expressing the hear - which was done for its citizens "haus. That same spirit which felt gratitude of the Sisters and w ithout thought of return. tion with their presence. He These was also grateful to the doctors animated her, animated all the himself to the members of the hospitals represented that work, With no thought of medical profession for their kind- and they merited the and their wives who had come Sisters. wholep ersonal profit, they devoted ness. thoughtfulness and helpful- hearted appreciation of the Govalong, and on behalf of the Sisters of St. John of God. he wel- t heir lives and found their hap- ness at all times to these Sisters ernment and people. He wishomed them most cordially. In a piness in the care for others with in the "oospitals which they con- ed their work God-speed. and trol in this State. He could as- hoped that their particular manner he was grate- A ltogether other -worldly motives good example re sure prayed the medical profession that would be always an that God would bless ful to Dr. T. W. Meagher. to incentive to whose unfailing kindness and their work which was a great so- these Sisters would continue to the public. (Applause.') -leep interest -the acquisition of cial influence as well as a great do everything in their power to make their hospitals worthy of t he property of Hill 60 and the work of charity. Mr. Clydesdale, M.L.C. erection of that new building. Striking Tribute to the Medical the high reputation which they In proposing a vote already enjoyed. was largely due. Profession. He thanked. to His Grace, Mr. (I too. Mrs. Meagher and those "..\ hospital represented natal"The need of better accommo- said that from tlie ve•- • zood ladies who formed the com- 7-al solicitude for suffering, en- dation had influenced the Sisters ning he had followed II mittee controlling that after- nobled by Christian charity, and t o build a commodious and well- cat er closely, and was aston noon's arrangements. trade efficient by abundant re- equipped hospital in accordance ed at the amount of work be .

Saturday, January 16, 1937.

'1 HE RECORD.

TWELVE

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TH

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11

His Grace the Archbishop for opening it that day. The vote of thanks being carried with acclamation, an adjournment was made for afternoon tea and refreshments, which were provided by the Sisters on Afterwards an opthe lawns.. the given to was portunity guests to inspect the new building.

accomplished for the community. Apart altogether from his main spiritual work on behalf of his Church, he had greatly benefitted the people of Western Australia in providing employment for thousands of workers in his He was building enterprises. not a member of his faith, but he was pleased to congratulate him (Applause.) on his initiative. As for the Sisters of St. John of God, he had known them for many years, and had the greatest respect for them and for their He was very pleased to work. have the opportunity of expressing that appreciation, and wished them every success. He had great pleasure in proposing a vote of thanks to the Archbishop, for his interest -in the social welfare of the people, and for his official opening of the Hospi(Applause.) tal that day. The vote of thanks was seconded by Dr. T. W. Meagher, who said the Sisters of St. John of God catered for all creeds and classes, and deserved the appreciation of the people for their unThe selfish and skilful work. new hospital would he a decided advantage, and he was privileged to second the vote of thanks to

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OPTICIANS

64 BARRACK STREET. PERTH. Also at No. 14 Newspaper Arcade, St. George's Terrace.

'Phone B 11

CATHEDRAL BRANCH. The Feast of the Holy Name was ap-

propriately the first meeting of the Society this year. A good attendance of members was present.

moved that a recommendation be sent to His Grace the Archbishop that steps be taken to form a Diocesan comicil of the Holy Name Society. The motion was seconded by Mr. P. Dolan and carried. General business was proceeded with and several suggestions were made which will be dealt with by the e xecutive council at its next meeting. Nominations were then called for the executive council. All the present members were nominated for a

the priests present were: Very Rev. Father Walshe. R e,lemptorist Nh,nasterV Rev. R ev. Father Finnegan. Father O'Connor. Rev. Father ‘Vallace, Rev. Father Winston, Rev. Father I,VIIC. Rev. Father McGillicuddy. and Rey. Brother H yland and Rev. Brother Kerwick.

Son

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Amongst the guests present NEDLANDS BRANCH. w ere the following: The Lord Sunday last was Holy Name Sunday Mayor and Lady Mayoress, Dr. and good attendances were recorded T. Ambrose, Dr. B. Ambrose and at the Holy Communion and evening Miss Ambrose, Dr. Paton and (levotions. The first annual general meeting of M iss Paton, Mr. T. Ahern and the branch took place in St. Theresa's Miss R Ahern. Dr. W. T. Hall, after the devotions last Sunday Meagher and Mrs. Meagher, Dr. e vening. The attendance was good. 'Rsv. Father Mitchell ( Wooroloo), Mr. Pre- The Spiritual Director and after the chair, the occupied Moss) shaw (Inspector of Government opening prayers addressed a few introHospitals). Mr.. Mrs- and Miss ductory remarks to the inember , exDunphy. Dr. Kershaw, Mr. and planting the objects of the meeting Mrs. E. Le B. Henderson, Mr. and tracing the life of ths Society in the parish up to the present Cogan, Dr. J. Horan and Mrs. The first report, which showed an Horan, Dr. Hislop, Mrs. L. active membership of 95, was then Doyle. Dr. Martin. Dr. Peacock. pvesented and adopted. Father Moss, in expressing his pleaDr. Anderson. Dr. Wilson, Dr. at the report, urged members to sure Octavie Miss Grey, Dr. Fortune, faithful to their pledge, as he ever be Grave, Dr. Gill. Dr. Kyle, Dr. was convinced that a body of men Thorburn, Mr. and Mrs. Stuckey such as the Holy Name Society, would and Miss` Stuckey. Mr. Farde. Mr. be a great power for good. He hopthat it would be everywhere exand Mrs. Alexander. the Misses ed tended and strengthened, so that the Matron N. and E. Jones.. the Society would be and would do in Tresilian Hospital (.Mrs. Crecy). Australia what it had been and done M r. Vine, Mrs. Slattery, Miss in other lands. Father Moss then called upon the Joyce Denier. Mr. and Mrs. Taratnor. Mr. and Mrs. Davoren, Mr. President (Mr. F. Anderson) to suphis remarks. and Mrs. Moore, Mr. Blackhall. port The President, who recently returnand Mr. Mr. and Mrs. Read. ed from the Eastern States, said that Mr:. Vardcn and Miss Varden, in many places that he visited the Captain and Mrs. Hunt, Sisters Holy Name Society was very strong. witnessed the edifying sight of Moruzer. Hayman and Urn-, Mrs. He had members at Holy Communion in 1.1()0 Wood. and Miss Fitzpatrick. In concluding. Mr. Andera body. A mong

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EICTON-PALMY RA. BRANCH. The annual gen,:r.d meeting (.4 the above Society took place in St. Ger. ard's on Sunday, .1anuary 10. 1937,

Members should make a note of their guilds and see that they take their correct places both in the morning and evening. To ensure the success of the Society members should be regular in their attendance. The next meeting and Communion day is Sunday, February 14. Members, please take note and be there. KALGOORLIE

BRANCH.

The •Holy Name Society met in St Mary's -Church on Sunday last, the second Sunday of January. The usual prayers were said and then Rev. Father Regan delivered a very impresBenediction of the sive sermon. Most Blessed Sacrament concluded t he first meeting of 1937.

BOULDER BRANCH, Last Sunday was Holy Name Sun-

day, and there was a good attendance both morning and evening, despite the fact that there is a large number away

on holidays. In the evening, Rev. Dr. Goody, who had concluded his series of short talks on Social Reform, spoke on the importance of the family circle as the foundation of all society, briefly outlining the obligations devolving on members, either as fathers He asked or sons, in the family. members to remember these obliga. tions and to live up to them, and much benefit would result from the good example shown. SUBIACO BRANCH.

Feast of the Holy Name. On the principal feast of the Holy Name Society, a large number of the members approached Holy Communion in accordance with the rules of the Society. Monthly Communion and Meeting. There was an excellent attendance :it the monthly Communion and meeting of the local branch last Sunday, and it is gratifying to see the loyalty The of the men to their promise. earnest desire of the Director is to see

a greater number of the men of the parish enrolled in the ranks of the Society VICTORIA PARK BRANCH. Last Sunday again witnessed a good

attendance of members at the monthly' Holy Communion. The evening meeting was also well attended—sotth cient evidence that the Society should flourish during the coming year. SOUTH PERTH BRANCH.

The Holy Name meeting on Sunda last had but a fair attendance. A complete reorganisation of the Society, in the matter of guilds, liann•!rs. etc., is contemplated when the' OW

church is opened for worship. COTTESLOE BRANCH. Mindful of the fact that the holidays are at their zenith, the Holy Name Socit..ty ic preserving a high standard of a tten Line. The feast of the Holy

Name was worthily celebrated, and when the February meeting comes round the present holidaying element

should help to strengthen the ranks. NORTH FREMANTLE BRANCH, The local branch of the Holy Name Society had their general Communion on the first Sunday of the month. his was the feast of the Holy Name, is re.21!crit irt• Lcm-. : 1; I -4(1 rarl: t N.!I llrar. h ciety are reque,ted t- hand it their than tI-f rt'pnrt•z not la

a fter evening devotions. The Spirittral Director, Rey. Father L ynch, addressed the members pre• sn t ...()T we ruing the spiritual, ternporal and financial positions of the SoHis discourse was directed ciety. upon the "II01,- Family." St. Joseph, r lorning before geing tn press.) he said, was a wonderful example of what a Holy Name man should be. and he exhorted each member to endeayour to follow in his footsteps, t hereby fulfilling the ideals of the SoIle also requested as many has 1 , • • es' ciety. members as possible to attend the eve,._ • , Holy Ihiur. as the Society's turn comes ed .S1,t around each month. .1' smai The retiring officers from 1936 were ;ng a itar( 3 -, ‘4 . • ‘, ;n again installed in their various posi- mitirr t.'.1" •77C ''• tions by the Spiritual Director, and the a•-.1,.u7,T he exhorted them to put renewed vig- insured an our into their efforts for the oncom- Company. FIRST IN THE FIELD. ing year. Laut4nan and Pan;;. OpMess The secretary read the yearly re- ticians, of 64 Barrack -street. have, in port of the Society, and the president, arrangement with Lloyd's, London. Mr. E. Brown, addressed the memsecured a Policy protectrig the new bers concerning the finances and also ' PERSONALITY SPECTACLE endorsed Rev. Father's remarks, FRAME" It has been decided to hold the monthly officers' meetings on the first against at:ciriental breakage C7 deteriWednesday after the Holy Name Sun- erati 'n for a period of Twelve Months their cnsnts. day, at the Presbytery, and all offi- from the date of sale to automatica ll y guarantee or Policy This to cers are requested attend. extrt at no client the to on passed is cost, and a Certificate issue,: with FREMANTLE BRANCH. each pair of lenses fitted to the "PerThe monthly Communion of the -smality Special." Fremantle Branch of the Holy Name This English -made frame, neat in Society was held on Sunday last, 10th. 4 ppearance, .:nmfortablo in fitting, inst., and the attendance was very modern in design and F.eSsls • •=• exgood, despite the holiday season. The tremely popular in England an -1 the monthly meeting was held on Sun- Continent. day evening, and after the sermon a Those wearing spectacles at present processhin of the Bless-eft Sacrament may have their own lenses transfssretl e, was held. There was a good irinster to a Personality Frame whilst th of members and the singing in the wait. The Firm extend a cordial inmorning and the evening has improved yitation to the Public te call aloniZ and Wear considerably. ;nspect the latest in Spectacle

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Personality Counts

The Lynn Scholarship 1937

the Lynn Scholarship f( , (- 1937 vill close on. Sam-day. _January 30. There are no forms for application. Cainiidates vill forward to the ` c -(•;- ,u11- .- (The Rev. Dr. McThe Presbyterv. S.)uth P 1(efore January !)(): c(_rthlcate of birth. „-andidate must not have hi xi.ectith year on day he :it. .he Junior • xamination. 2. A letter from tile prie 3. candidate must pass the lunior examination. The hea.I -1 his sehool must send a report, - ating: fa) Subjects presenter! : c ts passed at the Junior examination; (b), financial condition of the boy's parents. namt-: ly he father's occupation and . the number of children t he family: number of children a t \\ .(1-k: number of children still at scho,d. (N.B: The committ will refuse to consider an , ppiication unless the above con• s faith fully observed.) t ;oy 's record in school and .l stamped-addressed envelope for the return of the birth certificate. The Lynn Scholarship is open an Catholic boy who has passed the Junior examination, and has attended a Catholic schiud within the Archdiocese of Perth. The Scholarship provides £30 a Year fur two Years at a Secondary School ,and £50 per year during .three years at the University. A successful candidate who fails in the Leaving, or fails in his year at the Universitv, forfeits the Scholarship. The Scholarship cannot be held by a candidate who wins any other scholarship. exhibition, or bursary. The Lynn Scholarship Committee. appointed by His Grace the Archbishop, consists of: The Rev. Father John Fahey, Rev. Dr. J. T. McMahon. Messrs. James Maxwell and Fred Connaughton• The committee will meet on Monday. February- 1. to decide ' ' )37 Scholarship. The Superior of Chri.4tian 11n.tilers' College. Perth.* is requested for a report on Master Everett Charles McGillivray And the Superior of Christian Brothers! College. Fremantle. for a report on Masters .John Mc-NW 7 1'1!C F Te7er.

UNIVERSITY FOR WOMEN. -I-he Ca tholic 1:fliver.it\- for \\- qmien at San .luan. Puerto Rico \Vest In(lies), sponsored by the Daughters of the Sacred Heart Institute. has just been inaugurated. At the opening ceremony, the Most Rev. Edwin Byrne. Bishop of San Juan, said that this enterprise has constituted one of his greatest pastoral desires. The new Catholic University obtained its charter from the Legislature of Puerto Rico, and has been approved by the University of Puerto Rico. Courses leading to the degrees of Bachelor of Sciences. Bachelor of Arts and the diploma in Secretarial Sciences will he offered. Catholic lady offers tuition (Music and Three Languages) and light services, in return for room and part 'Phone board with quiet family. B9484, or this office.

THIRTEEN

THE RECORD.

Saturday, January 16, 1937.

Map of any Australian State (Girl): Under 11. 2nd. Prize, W. Berry. Writing, Small Hand Specimen • ,Inder 10) : 3rd. Prize, J. Carmody. Three Designs based on Australian Plant Form: 2nd. Prize, D. Griffiths. 2, 3rd. Handkerchief: Standard Prize, D. Ryan, Best Collection of (3) Pieces of Em. • ,:alery: 2nd. Prize, 1. Devlin. KnittingScarf (7 to 9 Years): 2nd. Prize, S. Peirce; 2nd. Prize, J. Wishart- . Baby's Vest (11 to 13 years): 2nd. ! .1. Hebbard. Baby's Vest: Very highly commendL. Marsh. Tea rosy (11 r., 4 Years): 2nd. ; 'rize. F. Casey. „Iumpei (12 to16 years) . 1st. Prize, A . Carpenter: 2nd. Prize. N. Hebbard; J. Hillary. lrd. Linene Model, Standard 1. : Highly ornmended: L. Matters.

St Mary's Convent School, Leederville

High School and Primary School re-open on Tuesday, February 2nd.

Maynooth College SUCCES:-4.1:1.

PUPILS OF THE ABOVE t.'()NVENT, 1936.

L.R.S.M. Examination. ( ):He Gil: University of Western Australia. Practical. Diploma of A.Mus.A. : M :a. Foster (Honours). Grade I.: Olive Gill. Grade II.: Catherine Kane (Credit), Grade III.: Frances Casey (Credit). Grade V.: Isabel Boylan (Honours), Eileen Branch (Credit). Theoretical. Grade III.: Moira Foster (Honours); Norma Dearman (Credit). Grade IV.: Greta Rechner (Honours), Norrie Hebbard (Honours). Grade V.: Frances Casey (Honours), Ronnie Le Page (Honours). Greta Rechner (Honours). Grade VI.: Isabel Boylan (Honours) . Trinity College, London. Initial Grade: Kathleen Bailey, First Steps: Teresa Daly (Honours ) . Shirley Drager Honours Phyllis Abrahams (Honours! : Norma Jackson (lionours! : Lloyd Anthony (Pass with Merit) : Pauline Ryan (Pass Merit):. Theoretical, Preparatory. Isabel Boylan (HonIonours ) ours . Irene Devlin UNIVERSITY OF W.A. Junior Certificate, 1936. Rosina Cannon: English, French Geography, Mathematics A, Mathematics B, Drawing (A. Dorothy Griffiths: English, History, Mathematics A, Drawing A, Typewriting, Margaret Keane: English, History, French. Drawing A 0935), Mathematics A. Mathematics B (1936). Mary O'Farrell: English, Fren Mathematics B, Drawing A (19351. Ii • tory, Mathematics A (1936). Margaret Bowden: English. 11i -,t, •!* Mathematics A, Drawing A. Mary Darcey: English, Freneli, Ma. thernatics B, Drawing A (1933 ! , Geography, Typewriting (1936). y : Geography, PhysiolBrigid t ogy and Hygiene. Drawing A Mary Berry: English, Dra-,ving A. Christian Brothers' Secondary Schools' Association. Second Year, 1936. Irene i)cvnn: English (Distill, t o: . French, German, Geometry, History. Geography (Distinction), PhYsiology, Drawing. Andrtsy Carpenter: English, Algebra. Geometry. Geography, Drawing, 11, kkeeping (First Year). G wen Hicks: English, Geography Physiology, History, ;Distinction). Drawing (Distinction). Bookkeeping First Year). Patricia Pooley: English (Distincs tion 1, French, Physiology, Drawing, J oan Whitely: English. Geometry, Physiology, Drawing. First Year. Isabel Boylan: English (Distincs tion). French (Distinction), German ( Dnstinction), Arithmetic (Distinction) Geometry, History. GeoA lgebra. graphy. Physiology, Drawing (Distinction ) Thelma Linton: English, French, h istory, Geo. German. Geometry. (Distinction). Physiology, graphy Drawing. Mary CIarl,e English, French, ArithHistory, Geography, metic. Physiology, Drawing. Judy Scutchings: English, French,

German, Arithmetic, Geometry, Geo. graphy (Distinction), Physiology, Drawing (Distinction). Marie Watts: English. Geography, h istory, Physiology (Distinction), Drawing. B yrnice Berry: English Distinction), French. Geometry. History, Geography. Frances Casey: English, French, German, Drawing. Kathleen Newman: English French, German. Drawing. Shirley Walton: English. Algebra, German, Drawing. Eileen Branch: English. Algebra Drawing. Alliance Francaise, 1936. Grade IV Irene Devlin. Grade 111 Patrii • ia Daly Moira Foster Royal Show Prizes, 1936. Map of Western Australia (under 10): 1st Prize, W, Bovlan. Map of Australia (Over 111: 2nd. Prize, F. Fergusson. Map of any Australian State: Highly commended. R. Fergusson.

New Vice-President. The Re\ . Dr. Patrick O'Neill, Professor of Dogmatic Theology and Canon Law, has been appointed y ice-president of May!tooth College. Ireland. in place of the Rev. Dr. John D'Alton, Dr. O'Neill was tu5tv president. b( )rn iii Fedamore. County I.imcrick. in 1891. and ordained in He was apMaynooth, 1915. pointed Professor of Moral Theob,gy in the College and received his Doctorate in Canon Law in 1918. He is a brilliant theoPresident, The new logian. Right Rev. Monsignor D'Alton, was appointed early last year. in succession to the late Monsignor M acCaffrey. LET. TO FURNISHED ROOM: conveniences: with small adult family: near Monas26 Florencetery: moderate rent. Wi,t Perth.

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TI-IE R 1-i:CORD ESTABLISHED 1874 OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE ARCHDIOCESE OF PERTH. Published Every Thursday and Saturday, at The Record Office," 450 Hay Street, Perth

PERTH, SATURDAY. TA Nt•AR 1- 16. P)37.

Mixed Marriages

The Church universally and most seriously forbids marriage between two persons. one of whom is a Catholic and the other a baptised member of an heretical or schismatical sect. If there is danger oi perversion of the Catholic party or of the offspring. the marriage is forbidden also by Divine Law.. The prohibition of the Divine law ceases when there is no danger of perversion, but the prohibition of the Church remains in general force, so that a dispensation for such a marriage is always to be sought. The Church does not grant a dispensation from this impediment unless certain conditions are fulfilled. There must be grave The fewness of Catholics in a given reasons for the marriage. The would be such a reason. non-Catholics .to relatively place non-Catholic party must•give a guarantee to preclude all danger of perversion of the Catholic party, and both parties must give a guarantee that all the children of the marriage shall receive only There must be moral Catholic baptism and Catholic education. certainty that these promises tv i1I be fulfilled. Generally speaking these promises are to be in writing. The Catholic party to a mixed marriage must prudently endeavour to convert the non-Catholic party. This obligation is one of the Divine law of charity, and the making of the promise by the Catholic party is matter of ecclesiastical law. The Church only allows mixed marriages for grave reasons, because She realises the evils inherent in such a union. The parties to a mixed marriage are united in a solemn rite, in whose Sacramental virtue the non-Catholic has no faith, and he marries one Marriage means unity of in whose religion he has no interest. heart and mind. but what unity is there when, at the moment of union, the two stand separated at an unspeakable distance in all that concerns the soul? There can he no community of feeling on They can have no what should be the chief sentiment of life. of the family. welfare the spiritual concerning common in feeling Their marriage. instead of being that help which God designed it to he, is liable to become a positive hindrance to salvation. This But in all is particularly true when the bride is a non-Catholic. cases only grave reasons can justify the risk inherent in such mixed unions.

The New Hospital

The opening of another hospital for the care oi the sick maeks yet another step forward in what the world is pleased to call social service. But to the Church its work of mercy is something more than mere catering for bodily health. For though the body has its own special dignity. and is destined hereafter to be reunited with the soul, it is not an end in itself. It is but the minister and the servant of the soul. That is why bodily health has sometimes to be sacrificed on the altar of a higher duty. But that is not a doctrine which is held in honour amongst all medical men in the world today. In the name of bodily health. theories are being held and applied which are frequently the ruin of body and soul alike. Medicine divorced from the moral law can never be a sound medicine, and sound medicine and sound morality go hand in hand In the-name of religious dut v awl c;)mmon sene. all sciences— the medical science included—must lw correlated with the master in treat the object of any science as the science of Theology. What is cersupreme object of life is a sophism of the intellect. tain, for instance. in the military sphere has force in the military sphere, but it may not necessarily be prudent from the point of view of statesmanship. And if statesmanship. which is a higher department of action than war, enjoins the contrary. it has prior claim Likewise, what is true in medical science might on our obedience. out, were a man a mere animal or brute withcarried be in all cases out a soul. But since man is a rational responsible being—a theory may be ever so true in medicine, yet may be unlawful in fact, in consequence of the higher law of morals and religion having come to some different conclusion. In that lies one of the many ad;-antages 44 a Catholic nursing Order and Catholic hospitals. where Christian principles are upheld and practised. Through lack of such principles, IllalIV Catholics are misled. and exhorted to practices which are entirely at variance with the moral law. Such perversions of the art of healing ;me carefully guarded against in such a Catholic atmosphere. In their training the Sisters have learned that the bodies of men and women are first and foremost God's. They hold Christ before their eyes as the ideal exponent of the science of the physician. He was PhysiciDn of men's bodies. but also Physician of men's souls. Not only did He do these things. He commanded others to do them He brought into being the power of Christian healing and also. "Go of Christian compassion and Christian charity. virtues the forth then from this school of nursing," say s Newman. - with the ideal of Christ betore your eyes. the sweetness and tenderness of M ary in our hearts, and the principles of your Christian and CaSave human bodies( alleviate tholic faith to guide your steps. human pain, cheer human hearts, and lift up human souls."

Saturday, January 16. 1937.

The Sanctity of Marriage

The approach of the Second Sunday after Epiphany recalls the decrees of the Third Council of Sydney on Marriage, which are Jrdered to be read at the parochial Masses on that day. (These As these decrees point out, crees appear elsewhere in this issue.) the selection of a life partner is perhaps .the most important step in life, for on it as a rule depends the happiness of the parents, the well-being of the family, and the fate of posterity. This is a solemn and awful truth, yet it is equally sadly true that many make this choice with less consideration and prudence than they show in the common trivial occurrences of life. As a result many careers are blighted, many lives wrecked, and many souls lost, the sad fruit of imprudent reckless marriages. Each one has a vocation from God to a state of life for which He gives special graces. There is, for instance, a call to the religious life, to unmarried life in the world, and to married life. The first, of course, is the most exalted. Next in dignity is unmarried life in the world. Last in dignity comes the call to married life, yet while lowest in dignity, it is the greatest in responsibilty— so great that to fit souls to meet that responsibility God has instituted a special Sacrament. This He has done for no other vocation except that of the Priesthood. Amongst God's people before Our Lord's coming, the choice seems to have been made not so much by the parties themselves as by their parents, and the same rule to-day holds good in some countries. Hence, when God speaks on the subject He addresses Himself only to parents: "Thou shalt not give thy daughter to the son of an unbeliever, nor take his daughter for thy son." (Deut.. Isaac and Jacob married according to the advice of their 7-3). parents and were blessed. Esau did the contrary and suffered the consequences. However. though God may not require the choice to be made by others, the will of the parents must be consulted. and that will—if they make lawful objection—respected. For members of God's Church. marriage is one of the seven Sacraments. Hence the principle of choice ought to be Christian and Catholic and not Pagan. The heathen of the past was at one with the heathen of to-day in having as the sole influencing motive of choice personal attractions and material considerations. How impossible it is for these qualities to render man and wife happy is testified by history. These conditions may have weight, hut only Wherefore the as secondary, not as leading, motives of choice. Church lays down two essential conditions for a happy marriage: Choose a Catholic and choose a virtuous Catholic.

Revivals and Survivals

According- to the observations of the :\loscow correspondent of the "Daily Telegraph," reprinted locally during the week, the Feast of Christmas, celebrated on January 7 by the Orthodox Russian Church, u'as observed in Moscow's 2b churches by densely packed crowds. It seemed to him that "a certain religious revival" was imminent and that official quarters were exhibiting uneasiness over it. Such a discovery, though of general interest, is not surprising. For, whatever else is shadowy in history, this at least is certain, that the things of the spirit are imperishable; they are not eradicated by external violence. It was only the ghastly mentality which produced the materialistic conception of history that could have supposed an anti-God campaign would stamp out religion. For no matter how vehemently or ruthlessly you protest against God. von have admitted in unmistakable terms, (1) that there is a iod. and ( 2). that, if not omnipotent, He is at least greatly to be feared and therefore your organisation against Him must iue very strong .widespread, and persistent This alleged religious revival in Russia reminds us of the survivals of superstition in English letters which attempt to explain "the evolution 44 the idea of God" and the origin 4)f religion as an effect of powerful natural forces upon the primeval mind. Pseudoscience is the new religion, and Mr. H. G. Wells is its prophet. It is surprising that Mr. Wells did not warn the Soviet at the outset that its tactics would inevitably beget a wave of religon. For, according to him, terror of the uncomprehended forces of nature and the fear of the tribal chief—"the Old Man--are two of the Now these two factors chief (dements which make for religii)n. The dread of the have !wen strongly marked in Soviet Russia. natural has been cry marked in regard to the mystery of the famThese two things, as ily, and the function of private property. plain as a Semitic nose to the whole European tradition, and indeed to common sense, were doubted. dreaded and finally placed The under the careful supervision of the Soviet's commissars. other factor was also present. Sovietism has been a reign Of terror, with the "Old Man- typified in Lenin and Stalin. You never knew the day nor the hour that you would be the central figure in one of Moscow's famous conspiracy trials. A dd to this the fact that you had a completely backward people in a country u'here education was negligible and the whole atmosphere is tense for a veritable furore of religion. Something is awry with the theories of Mr. H. G. Wells. Religion did not break out like an epidemic of measles. It seeped through the debris of organised materialism like water through limestone. And what is inure, what percolated through was not some odd, of even orthodox, form of natural religion. It was something, which although schismatical, was essentially Christian and traditional. It is no use pretending that religion was a new arrival essentially foreign to the nature of man. Religion has always been in the nature of a survival or a revival. Man needs religion; it is the supreme necessity of his nature. He craves the sacrificial act. but not on the altars of the Totalitarian State. The Russian especially needs religion as anyone who reads Tolstoy will appreciate And what is more, he is going to have it.

Saturday, January 16, 1937.

The ATC.11 o ese

FIFTEEN

THE RECORD. a.....lanIuM.....111...,AM... AM.Aulen

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i TRANSLATION OF

News and Notes

THE DECREES OF THE THIRD i I 1 COUNCIL OF SYDNEY REGARDING THE SACRAMENT; 1 OF MATRIMONY, TO BE READ AT THE PAROCHIAL i 1 MASS .TO-DAY, THE SECOND SUNDAY AFTER THEE 1 EPIPHANY. i I4 I "Whereas, according to the testimony of the Apostle Pau1,1 marriage is a great sacrament, because it represents the marvellous i lunion that exists between Christ and the Church, Priests to whom i lis entrusted the care of souls should see that the faithful be pro-I I perly disposed to receive so great a sacrament with becoming; piety, and they should endeavour to observe exactly all those I i things that are prescribed in the Missal and Roman Ritual. i '.'They should be very careful that the contracting parties understand the rudiments of the faith, and they should exhort them , 4 t0 make diligent confession of their sins, and to strengthen their ; Isouls with the most Holy Sacrament of the Eucharist; they should teach them moreover how they ought to live together piously and 4 in a Christian manner in the married state. i "Hence we consider deserving of reproach the conduct, not in-4, i frequent in this country, of those who, without giving any previ-1 t ogs notice, present themselves to the Priest to be married withoutI delay. To provide against this evil we require that they informI the Priest of the intended marriage, in order that they may be properly instructed in a11 that pertains to this Sacrament, and also that: Isuitable inquiry may be made as to their freedom before proceed-1 MR. W KINANE, I !ing to celebrate the marriage. i "Hence we also enjoin that the banns be published in accord-1 son of Mr. and Mrs. NV. Kinane, ance with the teaching of the Councils of Lateran and Trent, name-1 of King Edward-street, South i ly-, 1 ch. 24 sess., on Matrimony—'before marriage is celebrated, let i Perth, left on Monday by the OrMr. Kinane Ithe names of those by whom it is to be contracted be publicly an-I ford for England. 4 has been home vacation on for Inounced three times by their Parish Priest in the Church during; 4 iMass, on three consecutive festival days. Having made these 1 the past three weeks. Educated at C.B.C., Perth, he spent a year 4 proclamations, if no legitimate impediment has been brought for-4 at the University studying Engiward, the marriage may be publicly celebrated.' "In regard to mixed marriages, that is of Catholics with non- i neering, and then 12 months at Catholics, it is well known that they are strictly forbidden by the' Point Cook, Victoria, training with the R.A.A.F. At the end ancient law of the Church, which the Popes have always inculcated. as the sanctity of marriage requires that both parties be: of the year he graduated and was qualified by faith and other dispositions of the mind to receive the' transferred to the Royal Air grace of the Sacrament, and as many disadvantages and great evilsi Force, England, where he has frequently rise from marriages of this kind, namely, domestic 1 obtained a short service commisMr. Kinane, who is only broils, the perversion of the Catholic party, and of the offspring,' sion. 19 years of age, will be abroad 1or vhat frequently happens in this country, the infection of the . I for at least four years. children with indifferentism. • "Adhering, therefore, to the doctrine handed down by the! In Dr. Kelly's article on "Social JusChurch on this matter, and bearing in mind the decrees of the ) Supreme Pontiffs. and especially what is laid down by Benedict; tice,' 'in our last issue, Professor Drummond was quoted apean authority on X IV.. we reprobate such marriages. w orld population, This should have "Hence we feel bound to admonish all Priests firmly to adherei read Professor Carr Saunders. to this doctrine. and that they do not cease to set forth the evils) • j arising from marriages of this kind. Especially let thenc remind ' A wedding of unusual interest took place with Nuptial Mass at St. Mary's il their people that the difference of religion between a baptised and unbaptised person is an impediment invalidating matrimony, and, Cathedral, on Thursday morning, Jan14, when Mr, Eric Heenan, between baptised persons, it is an impediment hindering its lawful: uary M.L.C.. solicitor, Kalgoorlie, son of the celebration. For the Church has always opposed marriages be-! late Mr. and Mrs. Heenan, of Espertween Catholics and non-Catholics on account as well of the) ance. was married to Miss Joan May B.A.. LL.B., daughter of i criminal participation in Divinu:. things. as of the serious danger; McKenna. rand Mrs. E. B. McKenna, of Alvaneither of perversion of the Catholic party. or of the bad training of; M street. Mt. Lawley. The ceremony the offspringHence it happens that when there is question of, took place in the Lady Chapel of the mixed marriage the Church never dispenses without a grave cause" Cathedral. which was beautifully arand unless a promise be made of taking those precautions by) ranged for the occasion. Mr. A, Tayat the orgau, and Mrs. q which the danger for the Catholic party and the offspring is re-; lor presided Smith sang an -4:Wopriate Of4 moved. These precautions are: (1). that there is no danger of; Sfe . ' - The ceremonv Was performthe perversion of the Catholic by the non-Catholic party. Rev. Dr. McMahoni, and the (2), : i That the Cathode party acknowledge the obligation of endeavour- ! bride, who was given away by her father. was attended by Miss D., Hee1 Mg- as far as possible to withdraw the non-Catholic party from the ! nan as bridesmaid. Mr. Esmonde 1 error. and (3) That all the children of either sex, born of these) Heenan, brother of the bridegroom, ! mixed marriages, must be bniught up in the holiness of the Ca- I acted as best man. Mr. and Mrs. J. 44 tholic teligion. These precautions can never be remitted or dis- . W . Sheehan motored from Kalgoorlie to attend the:Avedding. at which many 1 pensed with. as they are founded on the Divine and natural law ! Parliament* friends of the bridescii, which the Church and this Holy See anxiously strives to I grooT itself, d University and legal ) , preserve unbroken, and against which, without doubt, they griey- ) friendlier' the briAe were present. A ously sin who, in rashly contracting these mixed marriages. expose) receptfon was aftisrwards held at the ! themselves and their offspring to the danger of perversion. They: Esplanade Hotel. after which the happy couple sailed by the Manoora i i the Priests) shall read and explain those decrees to the people! for the Eastern States. i4 ,nce a y ear (hiring Mass. which ma y opportunely be dOne Oil cI ,e,-ond Sunday after the Epiphany." The Rev. Father J. Dunne. of / Maylands, returned to Perth on ; 4.... •..•••111•••1101WW,O111•••••••••••••••11 , 1W•••• Tuesday by the Great Western in Eie.-trical Engineering. Mr. spent a jolly and most enjoyable even- express. after a holiday visit to flpgan specialised in Radio corn- ing with the young folk, the Eastern States. mimications and Physics. He Rev. Father Finnegan wishes obtained distinction in all examto acknowledge with thanks the inations pertaining to Electrical receipt of the following dcnaEngineering. and in the recent tions towards the new school ?xamination passed Physics as a building fund. Queen's Park : major subject with distinction. Very Rev. Dean Gilroy. ls; He has had practical experience Rey. Father Sheridan, ; Rev. in electrical industrial workFather O'Grady. 1 ; St. Therese shops, and was recently admit- Branch. H.A.C.B.S.. £3 3s: Mr. ted to the Insitution of Engi- M cGurk. 1 ; Mrs. Breen, ; neers, Australia. as student Mrs. Luca!, 10s; Mrs. Muldoon. member. Mr. Hog-an commenc- 10s; 'Miss Thomas. 10s; Mr. T. USE WHITTY'S BAIT ed work at the Watheroo Obser- Nolan. lOs ; Messrs. Genati and vatory early in January. O'Dwyer. bs. 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The new Church-School at G welup, Osborne Park, will be blessed by His Grace the Archbishop before the 9 o'clock Mass on Sunday morning. His Grace the Archbishop will leave Perth on Saturday, January 23, for Pinjarra. *His Grace the Archbishop has appointed Rev. M. J. Winston, B.A., B.D., Piocesan Director ot the Holy Name Society. Rev. Father Coughlin, of Horsham, Ballarat. was a passenger on the mail boat on Tuesday, returning from a holiday in Ireland. A rchbishop's Engagements.

Sunday, January 17: Morning—Opens t'hurch-School at G welup. A fternoon—Presides at Religious Reception. Highgate Hill Convent. Monday, January 18: Presides at Profession Ceremony, Highgate Hill convent. Saturday, January 23: Presides at Profession and Reception Ceremony at the Convent of St. .Iohn of God, Subiaco. Sunday, January 24: M(,rning---Confirmation at Harvey. A fternon—Confirmation at Pinjarra and opening of new Presbytery.

News and Notes

"P., new church-School at Gwelup will be blessed by His Grace before the 9 o.clock ,Mass on Sunday. When the building was begun a few months ago, not a penny was on hand. The district is thinly populated and little financial help can be expected locally, Something, however, had to be done to meet the requirements of the people, and of the fifty Catholic children who had hitherto to attend the State school. Any donation to the funds will be a great act of charity—and will be gratefully acknowledged by Father Moloney. St. Mary's Presbytery. Franklin-street. Donors may rest assured that they are helping a most worthy cause.

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A Catholic student of distinction is Mr. T. Kevin Hogan, who was recently appointed to the staff of the Watheroo Magnetic Observatory of the Carnegie Ins•itute of Washington. Mr. Hogan was educated by the lirothers at St. Ildephon-117: Co!lege, New Norcia, where be obta)ied the Junior Certiticp.!e in 19.30 and the Leaving in Ig31. In March, 1932. he matricul;,, ed in the faculties of Engineering and Science. Mr. Hogan -recently completed the c1:76-ult:m for the degree of Bac:.elov of Engineering. In addition to his general training

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Mr. and Mrs. William Russell, of Mt. Lawley. entertained some friends at "Dela-Kaha.- North Sydney, at dinner on Christmas Day, to celebrate the engagement of their eldest daughter. Ivy, to Mr. William Cook, of Lindfield. N.S.W. After spending a delightful afternoon on the Harbottr, the party returned to "Dela Raba" for tea and

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1: Fremantle C.Y.M.S. Moonlight River Trip. On Tuesday, January 19, the Society is running the first of its evening river trips, in response to the demands of our patrons. The launch will leave Cliff-street at eight o'clock, and will call in at East-street. The charge has been fixed at 1/6 per head. Cricket. Another good performance by our batsmen resulted in a draw very much in our favour against Navy Gn SaturMick Greaney and Kevin Kelly day again got going. Mick reaching the seventy mark again and Kevin getting .George Jeffs got into the 27 runs. thirties, and Charlie Hanson reached - double figures. We declared with nine wickets down for 179 runs, and Navy had lost six for 102 at stumps. Mick took three wickets and f2harlia two, while Kevin had the sixth man caught on the last hall of the day. On Sunday, January 17, we are playing an all-day social match at Forest Park, at which we hope to see all of our available players.

Bus Trip.

Our next bus trip will take place on be to Sunday. January 31. awl Our usuz:1 price Rockingham again. of 2/6 a head will again be charged and we anticipate a big roll-up of patrons. Half-Yearly Elections. The half -yearly elections will be held on Thursday. .1anuary 21, and nominations will have to be in the hands of the returning otficer, Toni Sykes, by As quite a number of Sunday next. last year's committee will be unable to s tand, it is to be hoped that our younger members will make an effort to have themselves installed in the vacant seats. Easter Camps. East• T he committee were appointed at our last er meeting and consists of Tom Sykes, Jack Nicholson and Len Townsend. The committee are getting right into the job frcm the jump And we can e xpect to hear a good deal from them in the near future,

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The Story of St. John of God (By E. L. H.) Un November 24, 1894, arrived the eight Sisters who founded the Order of St. John of God in W estern Australia, just under 43 Of that small but years ago. noble band, with the late Reverend Mother Antonio (O'Brien) in charge, only one remains, in that much beloved Mother Cecilia (Dunn). now residing at the Head House of the Order at Forty-three years is S ubiaco. but a short span, but the last forty -three years have brought great changes to this State and perhaps one of the most marvellous and romantic portions of t hat history has been the progress of the great nursing Order o f Sisters. On Saturday afternoon last. Yet another epoch in that history ...as brought into being by- the opening- of the new Hospital of the Order at what was known as "Hill 60," at Riyervale. or Belin.int. and the huge crowd of perSt. John of God. -sons of all grades of life, of all The Saint was born at Montecreeds apl sects, who greeted His Grace the Archbishop. Most ?nor 4) Novo. Portugal, on March Rev. Dr. R. Prendiville, by their 8. 1495. or just 4X) years before very presence paid tribute to the t he opening of the hospital of His the Order in Kalgoorhe• esteem and the love in which the parents were very devout and Sisters are held. Yet one wondered how MatIV stories exist of the wonders done amongst all that throng had any by the lad and his deep devotion, idea of the history of the Order love animals. and solicitude Ii r the misfortunes of others. A and the great saint to NYhom ,Floliness the late Pope Leo X1-11. Spanish priest gave him his patmade the patron hospitals and yd,nage and took him to On Teza, in Spain. when he was nine the dying. There he was put to In this article it is the writer's y ears old. ‘Nork with a shepherd, and with perpose enhgrhten man v t, . the history and story of St. Juan him became a. great favourite. S() de Dio: St. b dm of God). and 11111Ch so that when his master iii 1 he foliol\ H;_!- cme to tell the tried by persuasion and force to Nvonder ful "1\11 onlanCC t f make him marry his daughter, he t hcm being of age. joined the the Order in this State." And first, a few words about a ;-111v of Charles V.. and fought the Sisters. As His Grace the :It.;;6nst the Turks in Austria and anied a great name for bravery, Archbishop put it : "The efficiency, conscientiousness and un- : n41 l it is said) i .rganised a comf• (11 the \\ selfish deyothoi to duty if the pan y 1."1- ih.• Sisters reqnire no comment." Yet ed a sort of fi eld hospital on 12,-reatly outside of the great noble ap- his return he \\ by the death of his m-other, and pealing charity if nursing the sick, they have achieved another m ysteriously disappeared, followgreat triumph in that they have ing- the life of a shepherd. Next been the greatest factor in break- heard of at Gibraltar. he was on ing down the curse of religious hi,; way to Africa to offer himself intolerance. for within the walls as ransom for Christians held in of their institutions they care for slavery by the Moors. The Pormembers of every sect and creed tugese family he accompanied V 15 expelled and a priest advisalike. All that is needed is that ( TIC he sick or sHIering-, and often ed him to return to (4,011-altar. Printing- was just coming into those who by force of circumstances have been forced to enter V( gue. He studied the new inthe hospitals almost against their yentid,n and under the patronage will, have left thanking the Div- of the great Cardinal Ximenes, ine Pr4)Videllee Nvhich took them started a printing and publishing there, with reverence in their business at Gibraltar. Inaugurhearts for those white-robed ating "The Apostolate of the angels of mercy. Printed Page." he took his books and pamphlets round and sold t hem at very small profit.

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Always he was very devout. - !ndio1), and of great kindliness A t this time it is said he had a vision in which the Infant Jesus appeared to him telling him to

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go to Granada (Spain); and that henceforth he should be known as "St. Juan de Dios." He went to that city and there met the .reat Andalusian, the Blessed John of Avila, a native of Toledo, who was five years younger than our St. John. Attracted by his t eaching and despite the fact that he was a chronic invalid, he attached! himself to him and made him his personal attendant and nurse. He sold all his goods and went through the streets s triking his breast and calling on ;od for mercy, so much so, that his sanity %vas doubted and he xvas classed as a madman, but John of Avila got him to go on a pilgrimage to the shrine ot Our Lady of Guadelupe, where the Blessed Virgin appeared to him in a vision and told him of his vocation. He returned to Granada and gave himself up to the service of the sick and poor, and rented a house which became The First Hospital of St. John of God. He searched the high ways and byways for patients. and his work became recognised liv priests and public, rich and poor, w hile doctors vied to help him. It is said St. Raphael granted him his very especial patronage. He had a habit of giving his cloak away to any needy person. so his superior had a special habit made for him. This is a pattern of that worn by the Hc.)spitalters of St.j4)1m to this day. His. superior also issued a decre. ' that t he name given him by the Infant Jesus should be borne by him for all time. He made convert s of two noted libertines of the city. in Antonio M artin and Pedro Velasco. and they formed the nucleus of what became even in the saint's life a flourishingcongreg-ation, and Antonio %'as nominated by St . tlohn on his death bed his sue )r. Great miracles are attributed t the saint, one being t hat he rescued all the inmates of t he Grand Hospital 4)1 Granada from a it-t). liv gf )illg into the flaming- building again and again and bringing out the patients. being quite unscathed himself. His death was brought about by a chill followed by pneumonia. due to his rescue of a drowning man. His death Occurred on the 55th. anniversary of his birth, March 8. 1550. He was buried with all honours by t he city of Granada, with the pomp usually given to kings and princes. and his shrine is a place of pilgrimage. He was beatified by Urban VIII., in September. 1638, and canonised by A lexander VIII. in October, 169(TThis is brieflv the story

of a great saint.

( Next week: "How the Order came to West Australia:

Its Wonderful Growth and Work.")

Goldfields Section

Father Coughlin Warns America In his farewell address, relayed throughout America, in which he announced his retirement from Charles the airways, Father E. Coughlin warned America of the menace of Communism, and the necessity of finding immediate remedies for the corrupt capitalist system which made Communism possible. In the course of his remarkable address, fired with • passion and sincerity, he said:

talents to the best of my ability, not wasting one of them. "Naturally, my heart is joyous. especially because of that one thing. I remember the story of the sower who went out to sow. I remember how some seed fell upon rocky ground, some amongst the thorns and sonic on My heart is joyous good soil. because of the good soil and of t he good seed which I =;owed upon it.

"To-night I see Communism successful, especially in Catholic countries—Mexico, Spain. Sociaistic France, Greek Catholic Russia. To-night I am fearful for A merica. even though Mr. Roosevelt has disavowed Communists. The Browders and Duhinskys still continue to support him to the last because in his portfolio of policies they scented the radical propositions so dear to the heart of Moscow.

"Naturally, my heart is someA person infinitewhat heavy. ly greater than I once sat on hillside, overlooking Jeruselern. and shed hot tears because the people of that city would not heed. If I shed a tear or two, it is not because of myself, because r estful days are before me. It is because of your little children your sons and. daughters. I dread the prospect which the next ten r ears hold forth for them."

"Mv fellow -citizens, I do not wish to leave in your minds any incorrect impression. If I have fought the international bankers and their menial servants; if I have opposed the venal politicians x'ho have placed partyism above patriotism; if I have found fault with the subsidised press which never in its history campaigned for an annual vage for labour; if I have criticised the cruel exploitation on the part of industry. I rejoice in having participated in all these activities. Not one charge do I recant.

H.A.C.B. Society

"Lastly. I do not wish to leave the impression that the Holy Father. Cardinal PaceIli, inBishop Gallagher have had an thing to do with the decision which I am making to-night. This afternoon I told my Bishop what I am telling VOU now. His stout heart was saddened because of my decision. This decision will come as a shock, not only to Bishop Gallagher. but to every other clergyman, both here atm abroad.

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"Thus my conscience is clear I have fought a fight as a sohner. A s a soldier I. was forced to us( methods on the battlefield in which not even a soldier would The fight is not lost, glory. even though the battle has not Some more capbeen gained. able. more eloquent and more efficient leader will rise up to inspire vou and defend volt and instruct von—one whom I trust you will not desert even when a crisis arises.

`Terconally. I have worked to !be hest of my ability. I believe that I can say before my God to-night that I expended my

Social. Dr. and Mrs. P. IIogan left on Friday last by the air liner "Bungana" for an extended holiday in the Eastern States. Miss Noreen Sheahan left on Monday last for Perth, where her marriage to Mr. Haddon King will take place on January 19. Mr. Frank Maroney left during the week to spend a short holiday at the Manly Hostel, Cottesloe. Sergeant and Mrs. Maloney and family left by car on Sunday morning last for Geraldton, to which district the Sergeant has been transferred.

All Hallows Tennis Club. The half-yearly meeting of the All Hallows' Tennis Club was held last Sunday in the club pavilion, before a large attendance of members, who were reminded that the subscriptions for next half year were now due to place the club in a financial position. Subs, will close on Sunday, January 24, and only financial members will be allowed to play as a financial membership list will be posted on the notice board after that date.

DISTRICT BOARD. The fortnightly meeting was held on the 18th. inst., the Grand Vice. President, Bro. C. E. Baker, presiding in the absence of the Grand President, Sister Williamson, who was holidaying in Adelaide. A large amount of routine business was attended to, A inost important matter is the decision of the District Board to endeavour, t hrough the branches, to entice the hoes !caving Catholic schools to join the society. If they join in sufficient numbers, provision will be made for t heir participation in sporting activities, such as football and cricket. Parents: of the boys will be interviewed hy officers of the branches, and it is hoped that in this way they will be enticed to join this great Catholic Society. instead of joining outside organisations as a lot of our Catholic boys have already done. Branches are therefore requested to give special a ttention to this most important matter

St. Malachi's Branch, Highgate.

The bran,- 11 has been in recess during the Christmas and New Year holidays, and a commencement will be made with the branch's activities on Wednesday, the '20th. inst., when the first meeting of the year will be held, and after the meeting a social will take place. Members of several branches have been invited, and it is desired that every member will be present on this occasion in order that a good commencement for 1937 will be made. The busine meeting will be short and mci the social committee has arranged

a splendid progranune to entertain the members and their visitors. St, Kevin's Branch, Subiaco. The attendance at the usual fortnightly meeting on Thursday, January 7, at Subiaco was not as good as

it has been, owing no doubt. to the proximity -of the annual holidays

spent by many at this time of

KALGOORLIE

BOULDER

Farewell Radio Address

"I do not wish to leave the impressi4in on my fellow-members of the National Union that I am bitter towards you. I still love every one of. you for the kindly feelings which von have held towards me. Some day, when your common appeal will demand it. and when circumstances will permit; some day, when there is unanimity among the leaders of Christianity. then I will be glad to serve you in whatsoever capacity I can. It is better both for you and for me, for the country I love and for the country I serve and the Church that I love for me to be forgotten for the moment.

SEVENTEEN

THE RECORD.

Saturday, January 16, 1937.

the

It was decided to hold a social and (lance in the Druids' Hall on Thursday night, January 21, for the presen-

tation of trophies, which were won by the successful members in the recent annual tennis tournament. An invitation is extended to all friends and the members of St. Mary's Tennis Club to be present on this occasion, as an excellent evening is guaranteed. The ladies' committee responsible for the evening are: Misses S. O'Neill, D. Whyte, G. Maroney. A raffle of a tennis racquet, which has been decided upon. should augment the funds of the club.

Ain.ung the visitors to St. Mary's Presbytery during the week were Rev. Father Regan, of Leonora, and Rev. Father Stinson, of Norseman. The weekly meetings of the St. Vincent de Paul Society were held as

usual and many cases were dealt with. The president, Bro. Flanagan, appealed for increased attendances and for t he soliciting of new members. Mrs. Horan is progressing favourably in St. John of God's Hospital, and hopes to return shortly to her home in Dugan-street. We were all shocked to learn of the sudden serious illness of Mrs. J. Arclagh, of Boulder, and hope that she will soon be restored to complete health. The adjustments to the windows of St. Mary's Church have been completed and have made a marked difference to the atmosphere od these close mornings. The painting of the church is now in the hands of the contractor,

who has commenced the work. The advent of . ,tir ryny National Wireless Station, 6GF, has enabled us for the first time to listen-in to pro. grammes from which we were formerly debarred owing to our distance from 6WF, and it was very pleasing to enjoy the eleven o'clock Mass from St. Mary's Cathedral on Sunday, JanuThe very excellent rendition ary 3. of the Mass by the choir and the fine sermon were wonderfully received roid augur well for future Sunday receptions, the details of which are anxiously awaited. DON'T FORGET.

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Obituary

SOCISTY. ST. MARY'S BRANCH, NO. 283. K ALGOORLIE. FORTNIGGHTLY MEETING, TUESDAY. JANUARY 26. 1937. S. J. HILL, Secretary.

THE LATE MR. N. J GUELFI. The funeral ,.f the late !!-. Na tale Joseph (George) Guelfi. of Albertstreet, Osborne Park, took place in the Catholic portion of the Karrakatta

Cemetery on January 8. The deceased gentleman was born in Italy and had resided in Osborne Park for the

past 30 years. He was a foundation member of the Osborne Park Agricultural Society and was held in great respect and esteem by his many friends and acquaintances, and was devoted to his home and family. He leaves a wife, five sons and two daughters to mourn their great loss.

A Requiem Mass was celebrated in Mary's Church, Leederville, Rev. Father Moloney being the celebrant.

ALL HALLOWS' BRANCH, BOULDER. Fortnightly Meetings.

Yembers are earnestly requested to roll up. Contributions received any week day from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. by the Secretary.

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The cortege proceeded from his late

r esidence to the cemetery, where his Rev. remains were laid to rest. Father Masterson officiated at the graveside. The chief mourners were Mrs. W. Guelfi (wife), George, Frank, Alfred. 12,iv and Raymond (sons),

Ruby Mrs. G. Ioppolo) and Thelma year. Ilowevsr, Bro. Stokes presiddaughters). Mrs. E. Guelfi (mother), ed and- (he meeting was conducted in Messrs. F.. A. and Albert Guelfi (brot he usual businesslike style, although thers), Mesdames A. Franctsconi and the absence of Sr. Williamson was I. Girando (sisters), Mesdames F. The hope was ex very noticeable. Guelfi, C. Fawcett and S. Hooper (sispressed by all present that she, Ger ters-in-law). Messrs. A. Francesconi, C. secretary, was enjoying her well-earn Corado, C. Fawcett, and J. Girando ed Test immensely and any short! brothers-in-law), Messrs. Phil, Prank comings in the proceedings of the and Fred Francesconi, Les and Ernest meeting were overlooked on that :lc Fawcett. Henry and Melvin Hooper, Members were disappointed .-ount. Albert and E. Corado and L. Fran. to note that Bro. Sasflian, a Nery active member, was :till in host.ital. and ceski (nephews), Misses Florrie. Alice, Pearl and Irene Guelfi,, Rita Francesalthough some of the old:r ( nes were < till indisposed, they were progressing .-oni ant! Ida Hooper (niece0. r avourably. The meeting cic.sei with t he usual prayers. and all adjourned to spend the rest of the evening in invigorating games of table tennis. Slembers are asked to note that the next meeting will be held on Thursday, 21st inst., and as many as (an =: • •7,1 be. present.

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Mrs. J. I.. Sanderson, of Rail\v;7v Parade, West Ixederville, returned home during the week after holidaying at North CotShe was accompanied t esloe. i_w her son and daughters.

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EIGKTEEN

THE RECORD.

Arbitration Court Acting-President Appointed. The Acting-Minister for Labour (Mr. H. Millington) announced this week that the State Cabinet had appointed Mr. T. F. Davies, Registrar and Master of the Supreme Court, to act as President of the State Arbitration Court during Mr. President Dwyer's absence from the State on extended leave. Mr. Davies is no stranger to the Bench, as he was Acting-President of the Arbitration Court for ten months i41 1925. For several months in 1933 he was a Commissioner of the Supreme Court, relieving Mr. Justice Draper during his absence on leave owing to illness. Mr. President Dwyer expects to leave by the Oronsav for the United Kingdom on February 22, and during his stay abroad for nine or ten months, he will also visit Ireland, Scotland, and the •Continent. Mr. Davies was born in Ireland and at an early age went to Brisbane, where he was edeicated at Nudgee College. He arrived in Perth from Brisbane in 1894, and was articled to Mr. F. W. Moorhead, who later was appointed a judge. Mr. Davies was admitted to the Bar on November 20, 1900. His first appointment under the Government was made in April, 1902, after he had been in private practice for a little more than a year. The position was that of associate to Mr. Justice Moorhead. He also acted as associate to other judges until June, 1902, when he became Clerk of the Court of Arbitration. In September, 1904, Mr. Davies was appointed senior clerk in the industrial branch of the Department of Labour.

In November, 1914, he received the appointment of Police Magistrate, Perth, and in August, 1921, was appointed Registrar and Master of the Supreme Court and Keeper of Records, a position he has held since. In addition, he is District Registrar of the High Court of Australia. In 1925, following the retirement of Mr. Justice Draper from the Arbitration Court Bench, Mr. Davies served as Acting President of the Court for ten

months until the appointment of Mr. President Dwyer to the position. As Commissioner of the Supreme Court, he again took over from Mr . Justice Draper in June. 1933, carrying out iudicial duties for about six months until Mr. .Tusticr Draper had recovered from ilInc,,

Catholic Spanish Relief Fund . tedged Very Rey, E. Very Rev. J. Rev. J. Kennedy ..

s.

acknow.

Rev. E. Rispin ' 7r. T. Ahern (previously acknowledged £10.), additional

27 9 0 5 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 •2 0 0 10 0

£41 19 0

Dr. Edward Prendergast, of Melbourne, passed through Fremantle on Tuesday by the Mooltan. returniir._.!:tfter a trip and Ingland. I; hr"ugll t the Continent. Dr. Prendergast. who is accompanied by Mrs. Prendergast. has been on a holiday trip. and took the opportunity of visiting hospitals while abroad. He is a brother of Mr. J . J. Prenderg-ast, accountant, of Perth.

Saturday, January 16, 1937.

The Child in the Bush

Letters to the Editor ROBLEIV1 OF social., JUSTICE

A CALL TO MISSIONARY _Now that Catholic Action is on the lips of everyone ,it is well to revert to things as they are around us, and see indeed that our chief concern as lay apostles, perhaps our only practical one at present, is to help our rnral brethren preserve the faith that is theirs. We have all heard (and perchance smile(l), of Protestant Mmphys, Lutheran McNamaras, Baptist O'Briens, and Presbyterian O'Connors, but it is tragedy pure and simple to contemplate the "Catholic" Smiths, Browns and Jones throughout our country districts who are ignorant of the most essential truths of our holy religion. It is to save these, and particularly the children, from the dangers of their isolation that attention is drawn to the Bushies' Scheme. Rev. Dr. J. T. McMahon. who founded the Scheme in W.A.. in 1923, has now reviewed the extent of his labours, and in a neat volume of 100 pages has expounded the essentials of the campaign. He has laid bare the causes of the needless leakage from the Faith. and indicated an adequate remedy. No earnest Catholic with IllaV treat his propositions There is no alterindifference. native other than to assist wholeheartedly in that work, or else to propose some better method. The child in the bush can be neglected no longer. to The original plan was gather children from all parts of t he State for a combined holiday during the Christmas season. R eligious instruction was to be imparted during this time, and t lw backward ones prepared for t he Sacraments. The pioneer 1-kishies. Summer School at Cotft:4(w. in 1926. makes very interin reading and niztv serve to a rs mse enthuriiasin in those who were only mildly interested when t he event itself took place. It w as certainly a triumph for Dr. c Mainni and his organisation, and though it proved too unwiehlly for repetititm, it provided all the firA-hand data required. Henceforth the Scheme was directed towards decentralisation -the arrangeinent of holiday .-chools in each parochial country centre. For. almost a decade this practice has developed with evergro wing success. The finance needed as a basis for such large •-cAle operations has been raised almost miraculously. For some y ears the Children's Page of "The R ecord" has been dedicated to the cause and it is gratifying to quote i-rom I /r. .\ ft Mahon's book a summary of the progress made:

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Inspect the latest Gibson models at Nicholson's. or post the coupon for illustrated Gibson catalogue. Hear These Popular Artists Over 6PR.

Billy Barnes (the Ukulele Ace) and .foe Josephs (Guitarist Supreme), who broadcast every Thursday evening at 6.35. For instruction in the Ukulele or Guitar, get in touch with Mr. Barnes or Mr. Josephs. at Nicholson's. Special concessions made for children.

NICHOLSON'S

ENDEAVOUR. "In the following years Aunt Bessy raiseds. d. 1931 . . . 37 16 6 1932 . . . 202 12 11 1933 . . . . 449 9 9 1934 . . . . 524 12 3 1935 . . . . 763 7 9 "And for the year 1936 our objective is £1,006!" This latter we know was gloriously achieved—a certain guarantee of the earnestness of our young apostles. The correspondence classes, at first meagre in their practical results, have proved invaluable as a complement to the religious holiday schools. In this matter much, of course, depends upon the atttitude of the parents and results vary accordingly. The self-sacrificing work of the nuns in this and the other spheres of activity give the impression of a new era of missionary zeal, comparable to the flame which only a bushfire can give. This record of their labours must be an inspiration to every friend of the " Bushies." These are but the main lines of the Scheme as Dr. McMahon describes it. The book itself may now be itad from the publishers. Pellegrini and Co. "The Child in the Bush," price

2/6.

Jr

General N ews

Mr. L. O'Neil, general manager of W hite Rock Quarries, Ltd., left on Thursday by the Manoora for the

Eastern States, accompanied by Mrs.

M and M rs. W. J. Corrigan Mr. and three daughters, of Narrogin. are ,r;taving at Albany-. The University N' ewman Societv will be unable to hold the general meeting arranged for W ednesday. February 3. The next general meeting will be the annual general meeting, to be held on the first Wednesday of the first term, about the second W ednesday in March. Further notice will be given about this m eeting. The following donations were inadvertently omitted from the list at the opening. of Christ the King Church, Beaconsfield: Fremantle. f15 15s; Mr. and Mrs. Jolle‘ . senr.. tl ; School children. Beaconsfield £30: Mr. Jas. Dowling-. Is: Mr. N.. Minch originally repfwted as Mr. Villigroi. £1. A t Pellegrini's you will find equip. ment for schools of all grades. Many new and novel lines have been added in the way of kindergarten furnishings. school maps, globes, cha-ite, and books of all kinds for Primary and

Secondary pupils. Text-books for Junior and Leaving students and stationery that is outstanding for its quality, variety and low price. Pellegrini's store is right opposite Foy's, in Hay -street.

Subiaco Christmas Festival, Midnight Mass was celebrated

in the presence of a large congregation. The Mass was a Missa Cantata, sung by Rev. Father Brennan. and the music of the Mass was beautifully rendered by the choir, under the directorship of Mr. T. Foristal. The Mass chosen was the 7th. Mass of the composer Mozart, and the organ was accompanied by strings. At the Offertory Miss Peg Brennan sang "Ave Maria," by Hoven, and this was followed by the traditional "Adeste Fideles.- During the Holy Communion, the organist ( Miss M. Jones) played softly the "Incarnatus- from Hayden's first Mass. A t the conclusion of the Mass the congregation stood during the singing of the "Alleluia Chorus," which was most devotionally and expressively sung by the choir.

Sir,—Dr. Kelly has been telling us, in his excellent series of articles, that our economic troubl.s are clue to a harking monopoly aid its control over credit. Which is an interesting viewpoint. But I protest against your statement that the "sociological teachings (of Pope Pius Xi.) form the frame-work of Dr. Kelly's views." For Dr. Kelly is obviously a social creditor, while the Rope has never indicated that he supported any of the schools or theories of social credit,

The Popes have indicated the causes of social disorganisation and injustice; the social creditor seizes on one of the effects, the banking monopoly, and

1:elabours it, and insists that it is the cause of all our economic ills, and that it must be wiped out—by Constitutional means, of course. Russia wiped out the banking monopoly—but let us change the subject. What power the banks have arises from the fact that ownership of land and capital has become the privilege of a minority, reducing the masses to proletarian status. The position cannot be improved by transferring that power from a banking combine to a group of government officials; any more than improvement could be expected from taking ownership of land and capital out of the hands of the minority and

v esting it in officials and commissars. Instead of wasting time on well meant propositions of social creditors would

we not be wiser to our devote thoughts and activities to the achievement of the Christian corporative State? In so doing we would be in

harmony with the trend of our age, and in company with the progressive elements of Western civilisation.— V.mrs, etc., JOHN JEFFERS.

( The series of articles by Dr. Kelly concluded in this issue is to our mind in complete conformity with the Papal Candid criticism, howEncyclicals. Your parever ,is to be welcomed. ticular argument here about monetary reform has been answered again and We again throughout the series. would be pleased to hear somettiing definite of the Corporative Sta0.—

Ed.)

Sir,—In reading the report of the opening of Christ the King Church, Beaconsfield, in your issue of the 9th. inst., I was surprised to learn that members of the Irish National Fores• ters Society were not reported as taking part in the guard of honour to h is Grace the Archbishop. In justice to that Society (whose members are actively associated in Church affairs at Fremantle), I desire to correct your report and state that the major portion of the guard consisted of Foresters in regalia. Whilst I appreciate the fact that the omission was entirely an oversight, it is not so ca,:e to convince others who respond.

as the result ot the Swietv's advertisement and raragraph appex-ing in your isre& I uvevious week. Yours faithfully, tit

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IN MEMORIAM. KEANE .--- In ii V114; memory of John C . Keane, who died ii January 19,

1929, Sacred Heart of .lesus. have mercy on his soul. —Inserted by his mother.

BELOWSKI.—In loving memory my dear wife, Bridget, who passed away at Maylands, on January 20, 1933. R.I.P.

Sacred Heart of Jesus, have mer7y on her soul. —Inserted by her affectionate husband.

PDX.—In affectionate remembrance of our dearly loved brother. Hugh. who departed this life on January 14. 1933. May the Lord have mercy on his soul, —Inserted by his loving brother and sister, Ned and Lizzie.

M EAGHER.—Of your charity, pray for the repose of the soul of Edmund ( Ned) Meagher. who died on January 17, 1936, R.I.P. Eternal rest grant unto him. 0 Lord, and let perpetual light shine upon him. - -Inserted by his loving sisters and friend, May Ryan.

Saturday, January 16, 1937.

NINETEEN

THE RECORD

r Development of Catholic Education in .,4ustralia.

GOD'S GIFT TO

AUSTKALIA

NEW INSTITUTE OF SISTERS OF ST. JOSEPH Father Julian Tenison Woods

Mother Mary of the Cross

(By REV. BROTHER URBAN CORRIGAN, M.A., Dip.Ed.) If South Australia was slow in beginning her Catholic schools, he devoted some time every day coming was very remote. Had she more than compensated for to the acquisition of a foreign not Victoria, in spite of its poputhe delay. She gave to Austra- language. reading in this way lation and wealth great difficulty lia a great teaching Order of her French (which he know thor- in securing a single community own, one whose devotedness, hu- ough1:0, Spanish, Italian, and a of Sisters of Mercy. mility, capacity for suffering and little German. Another duty If one of the existing Instiendurance has done more than which found its place in the daily tutes would not undertake the its share in preserving the faith order of time was the reading of in centres that a priest can reach a Greek New Testament, which work he would commence one that would. It would be on but where he cannot remain. he carried about with him everyIt arOse at a time when it was where. (Life of Julian Edmund lines of the strictest poverty, to needed most, at a time when God Tenison Woods—Rev. G. O'- do the humblest of school work in any remote place where there required that someone should Neill, S.J.. M.A.) Yet he paid were children to be educated. He prove to the world, that religious great attention to the preparaschools can flourish without Gov- tion of his sermons; for six years was more than a dreamer, he was a visionary; his gaze upon the ernment support. The new Inhe wrote them out and memoris- hidden things that lie beyand his stitute of the Sisters of St. Jos- ed them. His private spiritual o wn eyes is his most striking eph of the Sacred Heart were life was intense. One day each feature. The concrete difficulties prove many week called upon to besides the Sunday he de- of a practical problem were lost things; that sanctity must al- voted to spiritual matters. in the desire to achieve the end ways be guided by prudence, that It was in 1861 that he first be- he had in view. His vision had mutual charity is the most prac- came acquainted with Miss Mary tical form of loyalty, that the McKillon. She was a girl of 19. all the indistinctness of a dream. mistakes of the past are the Under his direction, her vocation In fact, he seemed to live in the guides of the future, that obedi- to the religious life took definite, world to come rather than ence to the Holy See is essential if not extraordinary, shape. She among men who disagreed with him and women who deceived to solidarity. had consulted Bishop Goold in him. Melbourne on the matter, but she did not feel disposed to fol- The Institute of the Sisters of St. Joseph Begins. low his advice to join the newly arrived Sisters of Mercy. She He had the vision of a teaching had been born in Melbourne in order, and in Miss Mary McKilJanuary. 1842. Her father, whom lop he believed that he had we have mentioned as one of the found the foundation member. early Catholic congregation of In her, his dream was more fully Melbourne, had married a cou- realised than he could have imsin. Miss Flora McDonald. Both agined. In 1865, the teacher of were natives of the Scottish his school at Penola left to be highlands. and Mary was their married. He sent an urgent refirst child. She had been well quest to Mary to leave Portland e ducated by her parents and had to commence the work of foundspent some time at the Convent ing the Congregation of religious f Mercy in Nicholson-street. teachers at Penola. ProfessionWhen. in 1860, a reverse of for- al duties and domestic obligatune came upon the family, Mary tions prevented her immediate took a position as governess in departure. but she sent her the family of a more wealthy re- younger sister Annie to keep the MOST REV LAWRENCE TIONAlative—the Camerons. who were school going until she could VENTURE SHIEL. f arming on the border between 70me. She arrived in Penola in "fl,irl Bishop of Adelaict!. Victoria and South Australia. January, 1866, and began the " After a year or so with the teaching work of the Institute The Founders The new Institute arose in Cameron children. Mary sought of the Sisters of St. Joseph of the most remote corner of the and obtained a post as teacher in the Sacred Heart in a slab stable -Adelaide diocese, in the little the Catholic school at Portland that bad been patched up as a town of Penal°. where the little ( Victoria). receiving a Govern- school by her carpenter brother. parish school was under the care ment salary, and presently inducSix months later. the third of Miss Mary McKillop. - She ed her sister. Annie. five years Bishop .4)f Adelaide. Most Rey. became known as Mother Mary her junior, to come and assist her Lawrence Shiel, Bonaventure of the Cross. The other im- with the smallest children. This O.S.F.. Melwas consecrated in portant figure who shares the movement vas followed by the bousne. Father had gone Woods honour vas the pastor cf the dis- migration of her whole family to over from Penola for the consetrict, Father Julian Edmund Portland." (Life of Mother Mary cration. and had made a deep imTenison Woods. After his or- of the Cross — Rev. George pression on the new Bishop. He dination in January. 1P57. he O 'Neill. S.J.. M.A.. p. 14.1 did not forget his new Institute. She occasionally returned to w as appointed by Bishop Mtrfor with phy to the charge of the south- the Penola district for a holiday M on his way he arranged iss join; to Blanche Amsimek eastern district, a parish spread with some of her relatives. would take charge of Father o ver 22,000 square miles of coun- Father Woods kept in constant F school at Mount itzgibbon's try with its headquarters at the touch with her. Gambier. little township of Penola. A Father Woods Plans the New wooden store served the priest The charm of Father Woods' Institute. as church and presbytery. We have seen how. in 1861, personality ,his brilliance, his reHe was a man of remarkable the young priests of the Me- putation as a scientist, his fame ability with an extraordinary !aide diocese had opened small a s an author, his spiritualits, i)i, capacity for work. His bio- schools in their districts. If the sincerity, his enthusiasm, his grapher tells us that his "Geolo- financial difficulties were great. constructive policy in attacking gical Observations in South Aus- the task of replacing the teach- the education problem, his active tralia" and his -History of the ers who left to get married, or step:..- to carry his ideas into opDiscovery and Exploration of who gave up their task, was even eration, impressed Bishop Shiel Australia." in 2 volumes, were greater. To give permanence so forcibly that, on his arrival written as he travelled from sta- to Catholic education in South in Adelaide, he appointed Father tion to station in the course of Australia. Father Tenison Woods Woods Director-General of Cahis priestly duties. conceived the idea of entrusting tholic Education, Chairman of of Scientific pursuits may have the schools to some Order of the Board, and Inspectos been his chief attraction. but nuns who would devote their Schools throughout the diocese. w ith what a surprising- range of lives to this work in the thinly He made him his private secrereadings and studies were they populated districts of the coun- tary and confidential -e-1,-istr not associated. He never al- try. But where would he get with the title of Very Rev. This lowed himself to lose sight of such nuns? There were none rapid promotion of one not ten theology. dogmatic and moral; in S.A., and the prospect of their years ordained, to be the guiding

power in the diocese was not appreciated by a number of the They might have older men. appreciated his intellectual gifts and his outstanding achievedoubted his ments, but they capacity to guide men and movements along the routine paths that lead uphill to progress. Before passing judgment upon him we must weigh two sets of facts: his lack of prudence, his restless desire for change, his humble self-sufficiency that was totally impervious to advice, his unshaken confidence in a special living guidance; against these we have his sanctity, his nower to inspire, to stimulate, to exalt. Where the more practical man would organise to reach an ohjective, Father Woods could inspire enthusiasm to soar to the heights of an ideal. The Influence of Mother Mary of the Cross. In the providence of God, the Ci:ters , ,f St. Joseph had

MOTHER MARY OF THE CROSS ( Formerly Miss Mary Mckillop).

Father Woods gave it the inspiration. the spirit, the ideal. Mother Mary moulded the bcdy of the Institute, guided, restrained. defended and consolidated it. She had the prudence. the strength, the courage, the fortitude. the stability, the plain common sense that Father Woods lacked. Neither could have attained success alone. The hardest, humblest, most sustained part fell as usual to the woman's share. Between them. they have given to the Church in Australia one of its most useful instruments and one of its most glorious treasures. Bishop Shiel vtsited the school at Penola, approved of the work alio! addressed Miss McKillop Sister Marv. Father Woods. as Director of Catholic Education. had to take up his residence in Adelaide; but he obtained the Bishop's approval to transfer the nuns from the bush school to the sity. On July 2. 1867. Mother Mary and a companion opened the Franklin-street School in A delaide and taught as nuns. On A ugust 15. the Institute took definite religious shape when she made the first vows of poverty, chastity and obedience. (To be Continued.)

TWENTY

Saturday, January 16, 1937.

THE RECORD.

The League of Nations

PLEDGE OF THE LEGION OF DECENCY. Below is given the form of pledge made by members of the Legion of Decency in America, in their hitherto successful effort to secure cleaner films: I condemn indecent and immoral motion pictures, and those which glorify crime or criminals. I promise to do all that I can opinion to strengthen public against the production of indecent and immoral films and to unite with all who protest against them. I acknowledge my obligation to form a right conscience about pictures that are dangerous to niy moral life. As a member of the Legion of Decency. I pledge m yself to remain away from t hem. I promise, further, to stay alti, 4-ether from places of amusement which show them as a matter of policy.

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Closing January 23

SEE

The "Courrier de Geneve" published in October an article under the caption: "Does the League flout the interests of Christianity?" The writer quotes a note handed to the President of the League, Dr. Saavedra Lamas, by the International Commission "Pro Deo," in which we read: "The International Commission 'Pro Deo,' which includes Christians belonging to the three great confessions, held its sixth meeting in Geneva last month. It has been ascertained on the strength of irrefutable documents that Christians are persecuted in three States besides Spain. In these three States t his persecution issues from the directed Government and is against the Church as such, and against Christians. The League i f Natitms. whose pact guarantees liberty of conscience and of religion to backward nations, has so far tolerated a situation which causes scandal to all Christians who refuse to alienate their right of professing their faith and of preaching the Gospel. Our International Commission appeals to all the Christians who possess any authority in the League of Nations, to request them, in the name of the solidarity which unites all Christians, to exert their power with the League and induce its members to allow within their territories freedom of worship and freedom to preach the word of God to both children and adults." An endorsing letter accompanied this note, requesting the President to receive a delegation. A telephonic reply assured the Commission that the President would receive the delegation on October 5th. But on that day another telephonic message was received stating that the interview had been postponed to some later date. On October 7. a member

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of the "Pro Deo" Commission telephoned to the Secretariate of the League ,and was told that the question had been remitted to the Secretariate. On October 10, the following letter was is sued from that department. "Sir,—On the 1st. October, 1936, you 'addressed to His Excellency. Mr. S. Lamas, President of the League of Nations, a letter requesting an interview on behalf of the IC. 'Pro Deo.' You stated that on this occasion the Commission would hand to the President an appeal in favour of religious peace in the At the request of ,the world. Secretariate you kindly handed The in the text of the appeal. President of the League has reattested me to inform you that he will be unable to grant the interview which your Commission has asked for.---Yours. etc.. 'J. P. Walter tary.)"

(Under

Secre-

The above refusal reached the Commission on October 12, i.e.. after the closure of the meetings of the League, so that all further insistence was precluded. As Mr. Lamas is a Christian., it must be inferred that the Secretariate is responsible for the refusal. To appreciate its attitude, it should be recalled that a special meeting of the League was held to receive the delegates Of the "Universal Gathering for Peace." inspired and organised by the anti-Christian Soviet and by the Popular Front. Among the delegates were found notorious Communists, who were foremost in their appeal for armed support of the Spanish Popular Front. These people were received in great pomp by the kind services of a Secretariate which

has nu time to be courteous to a. Christian delegation. The same journal commented later on the situation in the following words: "It would seem that the degree of civilisation required to become a member of the League of Nations should imply in the first place full religious freedom. Vet we see three countries, Russia, Mexico and Spain. persecuting religion, massacring priests and faithful, and yet remaining members of the League. Nevertheless, Article 22 of the Pact runs as follows: 'The mandatory must guarantee full freedom of conscience and religion among the non-civilised people placed under his mandate.'" The "Courrier de Geneve" c omments: " Who does not see the ironyof mandatories organising religi(ius persecutions on their own territories, prohibiting the preaching of the Gospel, and at the same time presiding over meetings of the Council of the League? "If anti-Christian influence is to hold sway in Geneva, and if freedom of preaching Christianity can be refused without prejudice to 'justice, honour and civilisation,' the League of Nations must stand discredited in the eyes of the Christian world. It at the same time becomes spiritually mischievous, and as such discomfort cannot last indefinitely, the question forces itself to-day on our attention: Must Christians boycott the League of Nations and refuse it their support as a useless, if not a harmful. organisation? " Without attempting to prophesy the reply, we must take III)te of the fact that the mere r aising of the question is of exg-ravity."

The Abuse of Nationalism

No body has had more experience of the bad side of nationalism than the Church, but it is also one of the proud titles of t he Church that it has fostered the national tradition of Europe. often providing in its own instituti,ms the patterns for the institutions round which the lives people have been grouped. It is no lic‘v experience. indeed, is a commonplace, for the Church to be attacked h(aly for one type of fault. and then a little later to encounter exactly the opposite charge. In die last century Englishmen, full t)i sympathy for new nationalities all over Europe, condemned the Church as an international body that stood outside and did not share, and often repressed. these eager human aspirations after an ardent patriotism. To-day it has become a commonplace to abuse nationalism, to talk longingly of a world order, and to blame the Church for taking so high a view of the spiritual meaning of nationalism and local patriotism. and of the office and rights of the rulers of states. Catholics can do justice to these things because they have never been tempted to make too much of them. They are not in revulsion to-day because they were not idolators yesterday. They belong already to world order and a universal society.

P ATRONISE OUR ADVERTISERS

THOUGHTS FOR riiE WEEK. Sunday : Frank words often offend the ears, but thcv are good tor character. Monday: Behind that dark sorrow of yours there may be the anthem of angels and the peace of God. Tuesday: To preserve our c heerfulness amid sicknesses and troubles is a sign of right and good spirits. W ednesday: God refuses neither His holy love nor Himself tu anv(me who seeks Him with all his strength. Thursday: It is not only: the hatred of the wicked that wounds the Sacred Heart, but also, and still more, the indifference and n egligence of His friends. Friday: Think only of God's h onour, and your own salvation; and even if it cost you your life, never hesitate to speak the truth. f earing neither man nor devil. Saturday: If what is said about you is true, set yourself right: if it is false, let it go for what it will fetch. If a bee stings you, would you go to the hive to destroy it?

Yeates & Yeates W.A.O.A.

OPTOMETRISTS

37 BARRACK STREET. ( Opposite Town Pall), PERTH.

TWENTY-ONE

I:HE RECORD

Saturday, January 16, 1937.

Democratic Second Nature in Italy Religion and Tradition Exalt the Individual T wo joint forces inform the corporate life of Italy and exalt the individual personality. Both One is spring from Rome. natural, the other supernatural. History and Religion. As long as true history informs your mind, you can never forget Fascism is your personality. founded on true history: that is to say, on the true interpretati• of facts, especially spiritual facts, rather than on theories. It is a repeat disastrous mistake to glibly the judgment: "Fascism and Communism are essentially the same thing." Communism is essentially historical materialism, the denial of God's proviFascism is essentially dence. spiritual continuity with history, compliance with the great Godscheme which so far has entrusted the spread of Christian civilisation to Rome and its heirs. The further interpretation that, of these heirs, Italy, the last and most legitimate. is now being given its chance, is not the supernaturally Christian interpretation of history, hut it is a naturally Christian one; and it is as far removed from Communism as Dante is from Marx. I am aware that in the past Fascism has dallied with theories inimical to spiritual facts (anticlerical, hegelian, materialist), 1 am aware also that there are gaps and embellishments in the •official history of Fascism. But these very gaps are in thems- 1yes a tacit admission of the abandonment of false theories and of In the return of real history. spite of all the modernity o its material organisation. Fascism in spirit gropes hack to pick up some of the threads that were broken in 1300 by the tragedy o f Anagni. Age-Old Consciousness. Slowly. some tunes painfully, but ever increasingly, Fascism is becoming grafted on to something greater and older than itself, something which it is proud to give its name to, which it will violate only at the expense -)f its own stultification. That something is the age-old. consciousness of the Italian people. e.:• pressed in words by Vigil, Ly Dante, by Manzoni; and now in action by Mussolini. But it is a conscience as N% ell as a consciousness ,and I dc not think that conscience is irremediably falsified because the :na;,;rity of a misruled collection of t ribes have welcomed the Italian flag with joy and gratitude, and witnessed in one day the end of It is a new-found slavery. conscience spiritualised lw centuries of frustration. and pledged t g. Preserve the peace of a cultitral unity they love far more t han ‘ve do----Europe. bound up in sympathy with the true heart of France. with the renascent chivalry of Iberia. with the tortured minorities of Central Europe, with all the belaguered citadels of christendom, and with all those forces of any nation w hich are resisting. have resisted or ought to resist the quartering of God's creation between Hollywood and Moscow and the City of London and the gutters of Byzantimn.

By CHRISTOP HER DEVLIN.) Catholics and gentlemen, freer of The Essential Democracy. slaves and friend of the missions, concerned However, I am not My point are the condottieri of to-day. with foreign policy. And in the intellectual world, is that with a bang (perhaps too through the old ruck of clean obvious many bangs) it became last year that the Italian, because languid pornography and imitao f his innate sense of history tion masonry; there is thrusting spearhead, Catholic and civilisation, plays as eager a young and substantial a part in his coun- happy, fearless, and utterly hontry's policy (in the old sense of est, with a lovely rain-fresh simthe word "politeia") as the citi- plicity in prose and art and a living contact with the true stream zens of ancient Athens. But his is the essential demo- of Italian thought—and incidentcracy, not of majority-votes and ally with a far closer knowledge doubtful deputies, but of corpor- of our contemporary literature ate repreesntation and second than we have of theirs. "We cannot stomach pornonature. Between the politicians and the people between the "in- graphy, we love women too pastellectuals" and the "masses" sionately," writes Piero Bargel"We can never persecute there is not that gulf which exists lini. the Mystical Body of Christ, we in France and England. are too jealous of the greatness of Caesar."

good intentions, illustrate the two ways in which the Italian's religion safeguards his human The state is a spur to liberty. the Church and the Church is a check upon the State.

The State is the People. The State goes all out to capture the hearts of the people; it arrogates to itself all training in the natural virtues, family decency and social justice; it bases this training on the Encyclicals, but claims sovereignty in their At the same time it execution. gives complete liberty to the Church also to capture the hearts of the people in Her own deeper way, to plant the deeper roots of Her immortal truth and beauty, to sink, in fact, reefs which would wreck the State for good if it sailed into alien waters. It is not to barocco laurels, to the prejudices of discontented Religion Outside Politics. .And that brings me to the sec- aristocrats or backward peasants, ond point: Religion. It may that the Church appeals, but to seem already to have confused the intellectual convictions and Religion with History. But that creative enthusiasm of all that is is precisely what the Italian does best in modern Italy. not do. Anti-Fascism, it is true, Two thousand industrial workbeing nine-tenths of it basically ers in a nove-cento church reanti-Catholic, has shown him newing their retreat resolution clearly- how much his civilisation with a weekly confession and is indebted to his religion. But Communion—a party of State at the same time, he was a citi- University students leaping down zen before he was a Christian: the shale of the Gran Sosso, who and precisely because the rela- stopped to pick flowers for a tion of his history to his religion shrine of Our Lady—were to me is not one of origin but only of an unnecessary confirmation of a indebtedness, he instinctively op- fact that many priests bear witposes the tendencies so 'prevalent ness to, namely that it is among in other nations either to make the workers and the students, the temporal conquerors out of their very heart of Fascism, that this BENITO MUSSOLINI, religious leaders or more fre- religious revival is most marked. hailed by our secular Press as Saviour quently to turn their poets and 01 Italy until his Peace with the The Menace of Italy? politicians into national priests. Papacy in 1929. How much this religious refie has had 20 centuries firsthand evidence of the failure of vival among the people means An Italian intellectual t.I am both attempts. for the cause of human liberty not speaking of the cosmopolitan "Fascism," says an official de- and true democracy, it is not renegade) can argue on perfectly claration. -has clearly affirmed necessary to insist upon in a Caequal terms with a contadino. that Divinity stands above hu- tholic paper. It only remains to One of the most brilliant think- manity and it does not even at- repeat: Italy does not want to be ers in Italy to-day, Piero Bar- tempt to impose a regalistic pol- imitated she wants to be undergellini, is a teacher in an ele- icy as the old absolute govern- stood. And. the first step to mentary school and has written ments did, nor does it exploit re- right understanding is not to suca marvellous text-book of Bible ligion as an instrument of gov- cumb to that vice in us which the And a texthistory for boys. Italians most loathe and ridicule ernment." book of Italian history in use in A magnanimous pronounce- —I mean the capacity to cloak all the schools is written by a ment, which, if the Pope or Car- tinder moral principles an enmity Jesuit : a copy of it stands on dinal Pacelli have ever read, it which is purely political of philMussolini's book-shelf and he must have been with the ghost osophical. has quoted it when appealing to of a smile. We may disagree with Italian Like the ghost of a history. He speaks the people's smile I saw on the face of a Swiss home or foreign policy. litit for language, and is coming more Guard when a party of earnest pity's sake let us not be persuadand more to understand the peosight-seeing ed by state-employed bishops or young Fascists ple's thoughts. passed him with upraised arms. left-wing atheists to distort that and the mediaeval giant tower- disagreement into an obsession The National Council is the above them with slow grace- that Italy is a menace to civilisaing v oice of every class and interest drew one foot against tion .an approach to .\nti-Christ strength ful in Italy: and how much that the other in acknowledgment; voice is respected can be seen in they were going in to see the S WANSEA CYCLES the which the amazing regard Appoint World-Press Exhibit, echo of the economic for shows government the sun which on empire only City Sports Depot social justice. local customs, never really sets. AS PERTH AGENTS amenities (as I have described Still, the superfluity of this A Big Range on Display at 702 Haysentireligious and elsewhere) street—Basement pronouncement and at Two incidents which Fascist ment. 'Phone: B1768. undeniably its time same the h -0 pene,1 just the other day : the Nladoima was restored at the Porta Pia. which once the Garii 1,1ine breached; and D'Annun7io's "_San Sebastiano" was banned at Pompei as a result of pular protest. Young Catholic Spearhead. Gentile. the doctrinaire hegeVan, Balbo the garihaldine tough, they were never title people's c hoice: their day is dying. _ Nothe stainless snow-drifts hue was. and is still, the people's hero. Badoglio and Graziani,

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No\y that the Holy Land is so the news, it is interesting to note the state of CatholicChristianity in the there. lb dv I,and would probably have completely died under the religious tyranny that began in 1219 had not St. Francis and his followers considered it one of their special duties to keep the ChrisBy slow tian faith alive there. degrees they managed to increase the number of Catholics at t he rate of .16 a year! Yet even in 1620 there was not a single Catholic in Nazareth.

The taste for community- life growing apace among the secular clergy in France; 150 p riests lately gathered at Montways and martre, discussed means to further the movement find a middle term between the strict enclosure of religious, and the isolation of the seculars. Many communities of parish incumbents already exist, but a formulated compromise between solidarity and personal freedom f elt to be desirable to make Abbe the idea more popular. de Gibon discussed the working of rural and urban communities. the danger of pointing out transforming them into religious convents and the necessity for taking all local conditions and legitimate personal susceptibilities into consideration. though the spiritual benefit of such free communities is of immense importance. The convent of Veniesseux, near I.yotts, was attacked by Communists. who smashed the w indo\\ s and fired shots into the T1 dormitory. The Communists of the Common Front are very fearless in this sort of warfare. The police held an inquiry in which the accused asserted that a political meeting had been held in the convent of Col. de la Rocqtte's men. The police looked very much concerned. and it is not yet known w hether they vill blame the nuns or their assailants. Neither is it known whether the attack

was part of the Soviet plan as a preliminary practice in street rowdiness and revolution. ST. MARY'S CHURCH, GUILDFORD. - ---- Additional Don,ations. W. 4).Connell t:1 2 0 Rev. Father Doyle I 1 0

The Catholic Press is my voice' —Pope Pius XI.

11111(11 ill

Catholics \\ ere: In 1650 . . 1675 . . 1700 . . 1725 . . 1750 . .

in

the Latin rite

•

1775 . . 1800. . 1825 . . •

218 664 1199 1246 2418 2926 3100 3079

Pope Speaks in Light Vein ( Living with the Church to Photographers iSeccalci Sunday After Epiphany. • •Once upon a tune pictures I to editultal were subser Matter to-day f',Ittorial matter has become siilnert-R ut to .ptctures," said the Pope smiling, as he received in audience a group If photogrztphic journalists. Ctmtinuing in the same humorous vein the Holy Father. after defending the written gently word, "ever the great, classical, natural, sovereign expression of thought." said: "We who are men ol the pa.st—while you are tnen of the future—we cannot especially help remembering. w hen we see the form taken by certain publications, that once upon a time people read the text and threw an eye over the pictures, whereas nowadays they look at the pictures and scarcely, if at all. read the text.11111111111111111111111111(1111111111111111111111111M11111111111111111111111

in Palestine at the beginning- of t he XIX Century—the marvel w as rather that there were any.

But the middle of that century a transformation. for Pope Pitts IN.. in an Apostolic Brief, Celebrior." instituted a Latin Patriarchate in Jerusalem, and the progress of Catholicism from 1850 tells a very different story.

saw

T 11 1850 . .

1875 . . 1900 . . 19)8 1931 . .

.

.. 4,270 . . . 6,572 . . 14.311 . .. 1196..112531

Catholics•is lamentably small. In .ludea. for instance, there are Samaria there are 801 Catholics out of a population of 156.445: and in Galilee. where so much of Our Lord's life was enacted. t here are 26.494 Catholics out of a population of 251,017.

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ST. AGNES. Of all the virgin martyrs of Rome, none was held in such high honour by t he primitive Church as St. Agnes. Though but a child of thirteen, she endured a cruel death during one of the later persecutions of the third century. Since the Middle Ages she has been represented with a lamb, the symbol of her virginal innocence. Her feast is on Thursday. January 21. and on that date two lambs are solemnly blessed and from their wool are made t he palliums sent by tile Pope to A rchbishops. 11111111111111111111i11111:11111111111111111111hIltlItIllill1111111111111111 RELIGIOUS IMPERSONATED. Bishop Dubiturg. of :Marseilles. has issued a \\- :1 riling.. that certain people dressed in the garb

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Another feast of St. Peter's Chair—called "St. Peter's Chair a t Antioch--is kept on February- -22, and reminds us of St. Peter's work and sojourn in this church before his going to Rome. The Mass is the same for both feasts, because the principal object of both is the same, namely, t o honour the powers given to St. i'eter by Our Lord and symbolised by the episcopal chair. Tuesday, January 19: SS. Marius, Martha, Audifax and Abachum, Martyrs. Simple. Red, 2, St. Canute. Ring and Martyr. 3, B. \'.M. St. Marius and his wife Martha were Persians of noble fatmilv. who came to Rome with

nounced as a Christian under Dit,cletian and ot•dered to be picrcefl to death by arrows. l it iw er, he recovered and on r eproaching the Emperor for his

But considering the population o f the Holy Land the number of

440.606 133,682 Mussulmans. In J tsws. and 20.468 Catholics.

2\ionday, january 18: St. Peter's Chair at Rome. Double-major. 2, St. Paul, Apostle. W hite. 3, St. Prisca, Virgin and Martyr.. Creed. Preface of Apos-

their t‘vu suns, Audifax and Aba-hum. during the reign of Claudi I t. They visited those C hristians who were in prison fur the faith and soon were arrested themselves and martyred in 270. W ednesday. January 20: St. Fabian, Pope and Martyr, and St. Sebastian, lastian, Martyr. Double. Red. Both these martyrs are greatly venerated in Rome and their names inserted in the Canon of the Mass. St. Fabian was one o f the first martyrs during the persecution of I )ecius in 250. St. as a centurion de›ebast ian

It can hardly be wondered that t here were not many Catholics

I xquifiti

•

Saturday, January 16, 1937.

THE RECORD.

TWENTY-TWO

w ickedness was beaten to death w ith rods. Thursday. January 21 : St . Agnes, Virgin and Martyr. Double. Red. St. Agnes, the daughter of a noble Roman family. was martyred at the age of thirteen. having been denounced as a Christian by a rejected suitor. Her fortitude astonished her persecutors. Her name is also inserted in the Canon of the Mass. Friday. January 22: SS. Vincent and Anastasius, Martyrs. Sem i-double. Red. 2, B.V.M. 3. Chtirch or Pope. The former is the famon,: , ica• con, who suffered martyrdom in Spain in 303; the latter was a Persian monk put 0, death under Chosroes in the se\ (lull century. Third Saturday, January 23. 'Sunday after the Epiphany

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tyr. Creed. Preface of Trinity. Sunday, January 24: Septuagesima Sunday. Semi-double. V iolet. 2. St. Timothy. Bishop and Martyr. Creed. Preface of Trinity. To-day's feast begin,. the second ecclesiastical cycle which has for its centre the Feast of Faster—the solemnity of solemnities. opening up for us the great truths of the Redemption. The number seventy, implied by the \\ ord Septuagesima. which was t he period of the Babylonian t 'aptiyity. is considered symbolical of the time which the Church Militant must pass on earth—of the pilgrimage of a Christian soul before being admitted into heaven.

Saturday, January 16, 1937. The feminist question is one of the greatest anomalies of modern times, marked by its !ack of sequence, by an unexpectethic and irregularity in its development, and by surprising conclusions from the most staid premises. Emancipation meant possessing the earth and it turned out to mean a vast dispossession -Woman was given legal rights and straight away developed an immense indifference to the use The march to freeof them. dom was discovered to mean the voluntary acceptance of a new servitude. I think it is this element of the unexpected which makes the feminist such an alluring subject for study and controversy. When women turned their attention from the domestic world to the world of industry and commerce, which began to absorb them in ever-increasing numbers as their quest for emancipation intensified, their 0-rip on the home inevitably relaxed, and at once their social and political influence sharply declined. Emancipation ,in so far as industrial and commercial freedom is concerned, did not in fact work out to mean more power for women, but much less power. Every woman who holds a place in her nwn home has a definite sphere of influence and in the aggregate she is a factor to be reckoned with by the legislator- But the hundreds of thousands of girls who are wage-earning in offices and factories are dispossessed of a position whence they could sway the governing bodies. Being, no longer on their own ground, they cannot exercise the same Emancipation, moral influence. therefore, taking it by and large, seems to me to have resulted in the cramping of womankind's control, rather than in the extension of her power. When a woman ,in her quest for freedom, alienated herself from domesticity, she came full circle to the realisation that in domesticity lay not only her most genuine happiness but also her greatest measure of freedom; that without it t_unless she soared to a vocation) she was warped, dissatisfied and lonely. But it is easier to abandon the home than to recover it. And the world to-day is full of solitary and disillusioned women who, in the fashion of that soul described by Francis Thompson, find themselves pleading, "outlawwise, by many hearted a casement. curtained .red." Having turned the world ;ipsidedown, so to speak ,in order to escape from the home, woman was but to discover that she had abandoned the essential conditions of her contentment.

TWENTY-THREE

THE RECORD.

Woman Today THE FEMINIST ANOMALY By ALICE CURTAYNE.) their votes, and regular crusades have to be initiated in order to persuade them to vote at all. The fear that the American woman voter may permanently develop the habit of political indifference seems to be ever before the minds of politicians and, especially during presidential elections, extraordinary efforts are made to arouse and hold the feminine interest. Remembering what the fight for suffrage was like in America, this development seems to me very surprising. . The women of the United States present a strange contrast to French women in this matter of the franchise. Bernardin of St. Pierre has said, "There is no country in the world where women are so ill-treated by the laws as in France. and no country in the world where they have such influence." Lack of suffrage has certainly not debarred French women from achievement. In spite of not having the franchise, they have always been a steadying influence on the lawmakers down through the ages; and they represent the conservative element in every election, just as powerfully as if they gave it formal expression in v otes. Moreover, they have won fame in all spheres from literature to sociology. Madame Pasteur, loyal and devoted collaborator and noble comrade of the genius, Pasteur, is probably the most outstanding example in recent times of a woman who became world-famous simply through her fulfilment of ordinary duties with extraordinary perfection. Pasteur many times and with fervour attributed his success to her co-operation.

There is a book on my table in which an American feminist leader still talks in her vivid phrasing of the need to "rescue womankind mortgaged from birth to housekeeping and childbearing.' But the majority of womenkind when thus "rescued" drift helplessly and hopelessly and thereby become all the more miserable. It is not servitude they have turned their backs upon but their very own nature. A ttainment in any sphere cannot await the woman who thus denies herself. There comes to mind an example from Italy of a woman who has won international fame not by disregarding children as unworthy of her Here is another interesting as- genius. but by redoubling and pect of the paradox. Women in trebling her attention to the America have perhaps the great- mind of childhood. She is est measure of freedom in suf- Madame Montessori, . with whose frage enjoyed by any women in name every teacher is familiar. the world. They, that is to say. (I happen to be a most enthusithe women of Atrerica. foup.-,ht astic admirer of her kindergarvery hard for their legislative ten system), but, apart from the freedom. They organised splen- merits of her educational theo(lidly for it, and their persever- ries. the point I wish to stress ance until they won it gained the here is that all her discoveries are world's admiration. But now founded on child psychology. An that they have secured this com- in tetv.ive. lengthy and patient plete legislative freedom, they -=ti.dv of children .and a respect are beginning to show an indif- for childhood, is the basis, is the ference to it. The "vanishing basic of her tremendous work. voter- is the new cause for concern and the problem of "getThere is a kind of fatuous or ting out the vote" acutely exerillusory literature growing curcises the minds of politicians. In rent in England and which awakactual practice. only a small perens in me satirical if not hitter centage of American women i. e reflections whenever I chance PATRONISE

ALICE CURTAYNE.

upon it. This sort of reading is devoted to that which may be described as the material embellishment of feminine liberty. It boosts the self-contained flat, or the home run by two wage-earning girls, and describes it in endless detail from casserole cookery to armchairs made out of barrels. The whole tone of this reading is artificial to the last degree, the pill of failure and disillusionment being sugared to the utmost extent. There are no more "Old Maids' and the supunchivalrous posedly term "Spinster" is never breathed by the writers. The saccharine stab-

stitute is "Bachelor Girl," who is addressed, advised, cajoled and recommended as though she were the salt of the earth. I have known many cases of women who wrenched themselves from the dreary round of hotel and boardinghouse life in order to construct the sort of domicile so praised by such writers. They cheated themselve,-by calling it home, only to find later on that it was persistently peopled by the ghosts of a home that-might -have-been, or that had actually been rejected. The woman's movement was ostensibly motived by a desire to prevent warped and v.- a,zted lives by giving them a new direction and a new impulse. Many schemes for the amelioration of ‘vomankind to-day are put forward with the same laudable motive. But no such scheme can (rive any real help in the problems to-day unless it be informed with the religious motive of helping womankind to fulfil her true purpose in life. "Selfexpression" used to be the great slogan of the feminist movement, and every woman was to be helped to this supreme goal regardless of obstacles. The truth (and the result) is t hat in the industrial state warped lives and therefore wasted lives among womankind have multiplied to a devastating extent. When woman was liberated to cast about her in the whole world for an effort at selfexpression, she found that this after all lay in domesticity or in some kindred sphere. But usually this truth is found out toe late. Women find it out at a period when the sole liberty denied them is freedom to build up around themselves once more a temple. a sanctuary and a refuge of domestic life.

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one. I am sending a small box of stamps with this mail ,and wish you every success and happiness during the coming year. A GRATEFUL MOTHER.

Tram

Ma chere Tante,—Once on a day it was mentioned to me that St. Rita is And the Saint of Hopeless Cases. now you come to it I have a strange to aversion for the expression "bring boot!" flow could you? (Pardonnexmoi, but how was I to know the averce sion sprang from a painful experien of the boot? ) I will have to report enyou to a certain person whose trance within the gates coincided with my own.—Even more rapturously, THE THE STRANGER WITHIN GATES. Encl. I. Dear Stranger Within the Gates,— to 'Tis comforting to find- you allude tense, St. Rita's power in the present not for it assures me even you will on going of strain the to be brought the the left-hand side when we meet in Valley of Josaphat, that is, of course, and if you keep on being nice to me for As c haritable to the Bushnes! person; reporting me to that certain so regard, my in her change won't it Encl. I., the for you Thank ahead. go being but you ought to be shot for this able to stay in a rapture during The only thing I dreadful weather. bath. feel inclined to stay in is the AUNT BESSY.

Dear Grateful Mother,—Thank you ior your offering in honour of Our Lady ,and as the £1,000 was in good o rder and condition when it came it will go towards making the year both happy and successful for the Bushies and me. I was very thankful also for those stamps. You have been very generous to my Cause, so I trust your loved one will be given some of the AUNT BESSY. recompense.

B ushies' Town, W.A. Dear Aunt Bessy,—Please find get will 10s. for cards. I trust you getthe £1,000, and a good rest after will I hope the New Year ting it. Dr. bring new prosperity to Rev. may and Scheme, Bushie 's NIc3.lahon more God let you labour for it still generously. R. A READER OF THE CORNE —If Corner. the of Dear Reader close everyone came in in time for the an of the Appeal there would never be allocate O verflow, so I am delighted to your £1 lOs to the first cascade of cash AUNT BESSY. for 1937. Dear Aunt Bessy,—Ten shillings best herewith accompanied with every wish for 1937, and may you get £1,500"AENOG.' ' Dear Aenog,—You are' a bold bad boy, for knowing that I only intend going for £500 how could you tempt me to alter my intention? However, though I am going for what I'm going tor, ii everyone sends me three times as much I will not be upset, and I am beaming over your early entry. Thank you very much. AUNT BESSY. Subiaco. Dear Aunt Bessy.—Please accept the enclosed .5.s. and every good wish and MAIR A. prayer, from, Dear Maira,—T ye accepted the 5s., and I hope Our Divine Lord will accept my unknown little lady's prayer, as 1 ar t about to trade with Him for several things I want —thank you for your double gift. AUNT HESS-V. The Bush. Dear Aunt Bess . --Just a few old stamps, which we hope will help on your good work. THE POMNIYITES. old Dear Pommyites,—The few stamps will be of great use, and congratulations on knowing how to "trim" them. I am coming. to discover that there is an art in that as great as in giving milady her best permanent wave, for the only permanent wave in the stamp business is what comes from a careful trim. AUNT BESSY. Perth, Dear Aunt Bessy.—I am enclosing towards the Bushies' fund, and I hope you have already reached your Objective and that you will pray for me, I am sending some stamps under separate cover. THE WIDOW'S MITE. (

Saturday, January 16, 1937.

THE RECORD.

TWENTY-FOUR

Dear Widow's Mite,—The mite and the stamps arrived safe and sound, and as the Objective was reached, both will contribute to the good fortune of 1937. I am not forgetting AUNT BESSY. your request.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—Enclosed please rind 2/6 in stamps for the Bushies. The rest of my Christmas present to SOMEONE. t he Holy Child, Dear Someone,—Thank you for letting the Bushies have the earthly benefit of your gift towards Our Lady's Holy Child,. and I hope His little hand will hold more than one new year gift tor you in return. A UNT BESSY.

Victoria Park. Dear Aunt I3essy,—I am sending back my money and card. I am very sorry I could not fill all the card in, and still I am glad I have helped Please, Aunt Bessy, the Bushies. will you say a Hail Mary for me and my mother'? I will now thank you for that nice little picture you sent me. I will offer Mass up for you that the Bushies will be taught a lot and that you will get another thousand or near it for 1937, and I will take an card if I can. JEAN SMITH, Dear .lean,—You have written a very nice letter, and thank you for the seventeen pennies that you sent. It is good to think you will offer a Mass up for me, and I promise to say that Hail Mary for yourself and your mother the very next time I go to AUNT BESSY. church.

S t. John of God Hospital. Dear Aunt Bessy, -1 hope you think I have not forgotten you, as I have not written to you for such a long Enclosed you will find sixtime. pence for the Busbies. I got it for Comics but I am sending it to you inAll the Sisters say I am a stead. naughty boy, but true and honest I am very good. I want you to put the sixpence with the £1,000. --Your fond CHARLIE FOWLER. nephew, Dear Charlie, • •If every nephew was as punctual about writing as you are, t hen my heart would never doubt one You must be true and honof them. est and very generous too, when you made a sacrifice of that 6d., and I am grateful. I had the £1,000 a couple of hours before I got your letter, so t he 6d. will go into the Overflow and will perhaps make three times i..500 before the year is out. IAIUNT BESSV. North Perth. Dear Aunt Bvssy.—This is my first letter to you: will you please accept me as your niece? (I'm delighted.) Do you like this writing paper which my sister gave me for being dux of the I must close now. do. k class? Wishing you every sucess for the New Year. ---Your loving niece, JOAN PERROTT. In Reply to Joan. Will I have you for nr. niece? Vou can guess T hat without a lirt ith to think, I'll say Yes. i know lu,t xYho you are-k now your mother, Know your sistt.rs tall and small, And each brother. Our own nice Princess of Cork Saw your letter, Said she couldn't write herself One bit better; A nd when 'Fiddles saw sour gay - Puss in Boots" She declared your handsoine pet Her taste suits. So come ill, mr dear Joan, nt needn't hike, You can ride around the Page On your bike. Thank you for that two-and-six That you sent, For it helps me face this year Quite content: Now you are my niece for aye, And tell Pat She can come along Without her hat, —AUNT BESSY. Toodyay. Dear Aunt'Bessy,—Here I am again writing to you now that the Christ reas rush is over. I hope you had ;. It has I did. happy Christmas. been very windy up here for about a week, but the winds have died down Did you have any wind a bit now. in Perth? VERONICA MUPPHY.

Dear Veronica,—You are very good to think of the Corner now that the We haven't had to rush is over. Kalgoorlie. many winds, but the month of _January eems to have made its mind up Dear Aunt Bessy,—Enclosed please to let us know we are in the middle find a little towards Your £1,000. It is really in honour of Our Lady of Mt. of summer, and we are all suffering Carmel for favours received, and ask- from the limp feeling, so Wet Blanket AUNT BESSY. ing her care and protection for a loved ;.sn't lonely. P ATRONISE

i:1;111,11,11

that you, Annie, will be sweet seventeen on the 20th., and she is horribly frightened you won't even look here for a mention of your name, and that y ou won't ever bother about the B usbies any more, but I have reassured her by telling her three-quarters o f my nieces and nephews are in their fifties and seventies, so we hope you will stay here until you are in them too. Therese, you are going to be 7 on t he same date, and we hope the rest of the "Five" will make you the queen for that day, and give you lots of ,)x.ely surprises. Also, on the 20th., you, Ewart, are clue for congratulations and forty-nine jellies, but don't you just try to swab low that many or the doctor might forbid any more parties, and what a t ragedy that would be. We hope you will enjoy turning "Five" all the same, and we are very grateful to you for all the pennies and stamps You have saved for our Bushies since you Greetings to you, Barwere three. nie, for Many Happy Returns of the You are going into your Thir21st. teenth year, so we hope it will be a lucky one, especially where your s tudies are concerned, as you will not have so many more school years ahead and all your future success in life will depend a lot on what you will do for yourself during the next Still, the weather is too few years. hot, and the holiday feeling too prominent these times to give any lectures, so cheerio to the four of you, and God bless you, children. AUNT BESSY. 9 11111111111111111111111111111111111111i111111111111131111 !hilt 11)11111 THE OVERFLOW FOR THE BUSHIES.

BIRTHDAY GREETINGS TO Annie Ryan, Ewart Rigg, Barnie Starlde, Therese Murphy. My Dear Quartette,--Greetings to the four of you, who are celebrating this coming week, and may the important dates bring you lots of things v u had your hearts set on getting, and lots of things you were not even dreaming of, for then I know your birthdays will be really good days, and your selves really as happy as you deserve to be. Tiddles has given a most awful groan—it just sounded like the little boy who went to the party and de. (idled he could eat his forty-ninth helping of jelly. so you can guess Anyway, what the groan was like. thank goodness. Tiddles didn't groan from greediness .but from realising

d, " A Reader oi the Corner,1 10 I Bushies. Town .. - A Friend," per Rev. Dr. 1 0 0 McMahon "Mother of Six," per Rev. 5 0 Dr. McMahon .. "Bernadette Somebody" .. 1 0 0 10 0 'Aenog" ••A Grateful Mother" (In honour of Our Lady of Mt. 10 0 Cannel) 10 0 'Jane." Leederville 5 0 5 0 Miss Joan Perrott, North Perth 5 0 Maira, Subiaco - someone - (In honour of the 2 6 Christ Child) The Stranger Within the 2 6 Gates" 2 6 "The Widow's Mite" Miss Jean Smith, Victoria 1 5 Park . . 6 \raster Charlie Fowler . .

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Belgian "Catholic" Programme Fidelity to Parliamentary Democracy. The Directorate of the Catholic bloc of Belgium has issued a declaration for the purpose of dispelling certain ambiguities that has arisen to confuse public opinion on certain points. 1. Religious Liberties: The Directorate resolutely opposes any limitation of our religious liberties and any restriction of the field of Catholic action. 1 Belgian Unity: (1) Belgian Unity is the consecration and crowning of political, economic and historic reality. (2) The complete expansion of the two elements of the Belgian people (Flemings and Walloons) (3 The proper adapting of our institutions to secure a truly framed unity. 3. Form of the State: The Directorate remains firmly attached to the Representative Regime, the sole form compatible with the exercise of political liberties within the framework of the parties. Quadragesimo Anno. 4. Professional Organisation: The Directorate deems it an urgent necessity for the country to take up the organisation of the professions which is recommended in so pressing a manner by the encyclical "Quadragesimo Anno." This reform must be sought on the basis of "free syndicates within the organised profession" to the exclusion of all State corporatism.

TWENTY-FIVE

THE RECORD.

Saturday, January 16, 1937.

The Breakdown of Money "The Breakdown of Money," Mr. Christopher Hollis's widelyread book, was the• subject of a lecture given by the author in Leeds recently. President Roosevelt has invited Mr. Hollis to spend part of each year in the U.S.A. to advise on economic matters. He began his lecture by remarking that in Britain President Roosevelt was sometimes blamed for the collapse of the world Economic Conference in. London. But he did not agree. He thought the failure was due Government, British t o the whereas Roosevelt had behaved Perfectly sensibly. Stable Domestic Price Levels. "But it is not necessary, in order to find a reason, to look for the motives in people's minds," "People continued Mr. Hollis. use the same word in two different senses." There was a lot of vague talk, he said, about stabilisation being desirable, and people were not meant they certain whether stable domestic price levels or stable exchange values. Roosevelt got it into his head that the British Government would support his policy of stable domestic price levels. "When his Mr. Cordell Hull came to London he found the British Government, in spite of their declaration at Ottawa, supporting a quite different poliO. For some years afterwards the t wo countries had no definite agreement as regards the exchange values of their currencies.

Guild Revival. The alliance set up between Rexists and National Flemings has taken another step forward d much moment. It has planned the grouping of Masters and Men into guilds or corporations such as they were in the old Flemish period, before they were destroyed by the French Revolutnon in 1789, in accordance with the dictates of "Rerum the Papal Encyclical Novarum" and "Ouadragesimo Anno." Corporative Lines. A t a plenary meeting of Rexists and National Flemings held at Brussels recently, an organism known as "De Vlaamshee Arbeidsorde" was definitely created. its object being to organise society on corporative autonomous lines. Intense propaganda is to be launched to propagate corporative ideas and rally all to the standard of the Flemish Order o f Work. Committees are to be set up to study and explore every channel whereby all social, economic, financial and commercial life be directed towards corporatism. and establish society on a corporative basis. This "Arbeidsorde" is destined to be the social expression of real The endemocratic solidarity. deavour will be to make "camaraderie" in labour to he the watchword, so that everything in matters social and economic shall stand under the sign of -cerviahilitv." The principle underlying this ;-; the absolute necessity for Chri,.tian principles and Christian morals to remain the basis which properly ordered social life ;s rezulated.

••••, m• •..m•-•

••••

world will pursue a policy of maintaining their domestic price levels stable. "If that should he so .and if no further complications should appear, there is very good reason to think that there will be a substantial revival in international prosperity," Mr. Hollis added.

Mr. Hollis on America, Britain, Germany, Italy

CHRISTOPHER

HOLLIS.

"There was not an immense variation in the relation of the dollar to the pound, but there was a great difference between the dollar and the franc and the In the pound and the franc. last few weeks there has been a change. "The full details have not yet been published, but I think they would show that for the future all the great countries of the

German and Italian Policies. The political happenings in Europe in the last few years, Mr. Hollis said, should not be judged as if nations adopted their foreign policies in vacuo; as if countries like Germany and Italy chose dictatorships and methods of violence simply because there was a natural instinct towards those methods in their characters. People did not take castor oil for fun. There was some reason, although it was not a sufficient excuse for everything that had .been done, for the way in which those countries had behaved. The Germans. finding both Britain and America closed to their goods in the early 1930's, had to submit themselves to conditions almost of coolie labour. There was a race between the extremist political sides, and the Right Wing just won. There were sim?lar reasons fot She possessed Italy's policy. none of the raw materials necessary to-day, and the general depression put an end to her export of those luxuries by which she had lived. Italy, the lecturer added, had suffered far more keenly than any other nation.

.1m6

St. Zita's Corner Cinnamon Biscuits. '2 lb• flour. 3oz. castor sugar, 1 egg. I heaped teaspoon ground cinnamon, 1 teaspoon baking pi)wder. hundreds and thousands. raspberry jam. water. icing, butter. Method: Rub butter into flour, stir in baking powder, sugar, cinnamon; mix ingredients together with beaten egg; roll out on slightly floured board to a eighth of an inch thick; stamp into fancy shapes with a cutter. Bake in a moderate oven until crisp. When cool put together in pair with raspberry jam ; spread top with water icing; sprinkle with hundreds and thousands. Apple and Banana Tart. Three-quarters lb. short crust, 111b. tart apples. lemon; 6 bananas, sugar. Peel and slice apples into a saucepan containing just enough water to prevent them from burning; when nearly cooked, sweeten to taste, then cook, stirring occasionally. to a pulp. Add tille grated rind and strained juice of half lemon; place a layer of apple puree and a layer of sliced banana alternately in pie dish: repeat layers until apple and bananas are used up: leave till cold. then cover with the short crust, rolled out to fit top of dish; ornament in the usual way. Bake in moderately hot oven 20 to 25 minutes, till crust is crisp ' and brown: serve dredged with castor sugar: serve with cream.

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amm..

-:-

Saturday, January 16, 1937.

THE RECORD.

TWEN,TY-SIX

READING FOR

THE HOME

-:-

The Appeal of Christ From the Gospel Pages

sand. For the Oriental there is every tvmptation to build here in , "Then seek tirsA. the Kingdom the bed of dried-up torrents; he \Vhen great names are forgotten Sermon on the Mount God and His justice, and all has little more to do than to. of will, God's to According The gentle name of Agnes those things shall be given you, stoop and collect together the Jesus -Toke again:— Will be remembered still. added unto them. Anooth stones; it costs but a lit"Be not harassed about your "Be not anxious concerning tle labour after that to level away And how she loved Our Lord and died life, what to eat or what to drink, The morrow shall the morrow. When she was just thirteen, erect his home. nor for your body as to how you be anxious for itself. Unto each the sand and And how there never was a better woe to the imprudent _And vet, Is not the day its own evil suffices." shall be clothed. Braver martyr seen. himself be seducwho lets fellow the and food, life more than. the t o these instructions, which ed by- the seeming security and To kill a lamb is cruel work— • raiment? the than more body were the striking features of the safety of this sheltered spat, There's nothing to be said, For that unkind and ugly wretch "Look up at the birds in the discourse, Saint Matthew adds where no toil is needed to the Who could cut off her head. sky; they neither sow nor reap certain precepts. given by the making of his dwelling! Begranaries, and Saviour at the same time. It is neath those southern skies storms into gather nor recall to comfort some But it's your Heavenly Father feedeth .difficult to find the link which burst forth in an instant, emptyThat lambs, howe'er they leap, Are not von much more bound tog-ether these thoughts ing streams of water down upon Must see death in a little while t hem. and images rf widely different the mountain-tops; then of a Or else turn into sheep. they "' than sudden these parched channels And God requires upon his hills fold— Peter's from wind through the gorges which Iambs Some The rest shall be made young again, arc transformed into raging torBut these were never old. Before the rents once more. the waters on-rush of mighty leave, By sickness or by knife they everything is crumbled, crushed, New mourners through the years, Btrt soon, though still they draw our and whirled away in confusion. love, It were wisdom to dig One's solid ',hall not draw our tears. and strong habitation deep among the higher rocks; there. And dying may we raise our eyes, As the world dims and stills, raised upon its firm base, his And see that darling flock at play home can defy the fury of temOn the heavenly hills. pest and floods. --Marigold Hunt. "Whoever," said the Lord, "hears these My words and puts t hem in practice I will show you to whom he is like. "He is like to a man who builded a house. zinc' having dug The Horns of Hattin, near the Sea of Galilee, sometimes called the Mount of Beatitude, where Je.ms deep beforehand, sets its founcured every month preached His f.tmous Sermo a on the Mount. dations upon the rock. with "The rains fall, the floods " And which one of us by dis- nature; probably it is useless to come, the winds blow and beat quieting himself can add another seek any connection of the kind, about this house: but it has not moment to his life's alotted span? the design of the Evangelist be- fallen. because it is founded on " Why are vou solicitous as to ing, not to present us with a the rock. your raiment Consider the lilies body of doctrine, but to preserve "And he ‘vho hears these word., Price 1/9 per packet or 3d. each o f the field how they grow. They 'Such i-CN\ enteucc as still lin- which I speak and does not put SOLD EVERYWHERE. toil not, neither do they spin, and gered fresh in his memory. t hem in practice is like a foolish nevertheless I say to you not man who has built his house "Ask and You Shall Receive." Solomon himself in all his glory - judge nut. and you shall not upon the sand. was every arrayed like one of be judged. . . . Give, and it shall "The rain falls, the floods t hese wild flowers. be given to pin: a good measure. Cl nue, the winds blow and beat It then, this grass of the pressed down. shaken together, about this house, and it has fallBooks to suit all tastes delivered fields. which is to-day, and to- running over. they shall pour en. and its ruin has been great." weekly to all subscribers, No demorrow will be cast into the into your bosom." Hereupon the Reflections. posit; 3d. per week, per book. oven, God cloth attire after this Such was the Sermon on the Lord speaks of the two blind Ring or write this Office. s ort, how much more shall He men, one of whom cannot lead Mount. With deep respect we do unto you, 0 ye men of little the other without both falling may thus gather together all that fa it h "? into the ditch; of the mote and Saint Matthew and Saint Luke "Sufficient for the Day—" the beam; of the pearls put be- have remembered and recorded; -Do not he troubled therefore, fore swine; of the Door opened but there is that which they were saying 'What shall we eat?' or wide to NV110soever knocketh unable to set down here—the UNDERTAKERS we drink?' or earnestly. 'What shall FREMANTLE AND CLARE "Who is the man heavenly accents of the Master 'Wherewith shall we be cloth- among you who gives his son MONT. a and the grace which exhaled Night an.d Day Service. ed?' The Pagans seek after these stone when he asks for from His lips. The listening 'bread? Moderate Charges. things. but Your Father knows And if he asks for a fish, will Tels: FM2225 and F2177 he t hrongs were u inched with wonthat you have need of them. That which give him a serpent? If you. dering rapture. then, wicked though you be. will- charmed them more than all beside' vas that Ile spoke and ingly give to -our children of the goo,d things which are given to "tat,.ght as one having authority, and not as their Scribes •' Never \ nu, how much more will your Father who is in Heaven give before, indeed. had Israel hearkWHOLSALE DAIRY PRODUCE MERCHANTS. truly g-,,od gifts to them that ened to lantigage like this; they POULTERERS. & SMALLGOODSMEN. no It ng-er heard teaching like have reein-,rse unto Him?" Then, t hat of their Doctors—a dry and as the Master.s thoughts folii)w BEST QUALITY BUTTER BACON, CHEESE. HAMS, EGGS, TABLE one upon the other in swill se- heart lc'.' ci ole of ethics. unendPOULTRY. AND SMALL GOODS ALWAYS IN STOCK. quence. we see the smooth and ing disputes about trivial cul)A Trial Solicited. spacious highroad which sweeps jects; here \Vas no strained or on to perdition; the little gate- tedions attachment tf, the dead HEAD OFFICE: 48 MURRAY STREET, PERTH. way and the narrow path which' letter. Everything about Jesti-: Telephones: BI438 and 133777. lead to life: there are the false bespoke the sovereign Master of prophets clad in sheep's cloth- the hearts of men lifting them up ing% whom von mav recognise as toward the Truth, vet without you test a tree by its good or bad wrenching them away from fruits. Finally we find the true earth; the loftiest subjects were and the false disciples of to set before them in such homely Engagements, Marriages, Deaths. In Memoriam. and BereaveChrist—"All those say, phrases that the lowly folk and who cerment Notices, 3s. an insertion. These advertisements must be 'Lord! Lord!' shall not for that their little ones could grasp His tified to by some respectable person Reports of Funerals charged for at 1'6 per inch, single column reason enter into the Kingdom meaning. He spoke to the vii ( about 50 words in one inch). of Heaven, but he who doeth the lagers of life in the open fields. For Sale, Tk; Let, Situations Wanted and Vacant, and Board 'i1l cif Mv Father who is in Hea- of trees in fruit or with barren and Residence, one insertion (not exceeding 2o words), 1/6. Reduced rate for scveral insertions. yen lie shall enter into the King- boughs of wild flowers and of Paragraph Advertisements, 9d. per line, single column. dom of Heaven." the mountain-torrents; to the S( hool Results must be covered by letter of authorisation. an:1 Rock or Sand? fisherman He spoke of their lake must he Typewritten or in Block Letters. _Testis terminated these teach- or of their nets; to all He told CONTRACT RATES for general .advertising on apnlication to the Advertising Manager. ings with a striktng figure. He of what they knew and loved. The Management reserve the' right to refuse any advertisement had before His mind one of and they all, bending forward loss it deems objectionable, and accepts no responsibility for any sheltered ravines which with rapt and breathless interest, those advertisemf.mts. in sustained from errors which may appear had cut deep info the flanks of .followed the Word in wonder All enquiries corcerning Adye7t:sements should be addressed to the Advertising Manager. "The Record." 450 Hay-street, Perth. some mountain -side, while its and delight. West Australia floor is strewn with rocks and (To he Continued.) PATRONISE OUR ADVERTISERS, ST. AGNES.

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TWENTY-SEVEN

THE RECORD.

Saturday, January 16, 1937.

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