Portfolio

ARCHITECTURE

DESIGN PORTFOLIO Apple Huang

CONTENTS

BIOMIMICRY

Virtual Environments_BEnvs (First Year) 2012

ACROSS CULTURES

Architecture Design Studio: Earth_BEnvs (First Year) 2012

STUDLEY PARK BOATHOUSE

Architecture Design Studio: Water_BEnvs (Second Year) 2013

LAND ART GENERATOR INITIATIVE

Architecture Design Studio: Air_BEnvs (Second Year) 2013

CASE STUDY: DANDENONG PRECINCT (HAYBALL ARCHITECTS) Construction Design_BEnvs (Second Year) 2013

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6

8

12

18

UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE ARCHIVES

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OUTRE GALLERY

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Architecture Design Studio: Fire_BEnvs (Third Year) 2014

Architecture Design Studio: Sparks_BEnvs (Third Year) 2014

TARRAWARRA HOTEL & SPA

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COMPACT HOUSE

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THE BACKHOUSIA

40

THE REGEN HOUSE

44

292 EXHIBITION STREET

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CLARE TABLE

56

Master of Architecture Studio C 2016_Studio 24

Master of Architecture Studio D 2016_Studio 16

Master of Architecture Studio E 2017_Studio 13

Master of Architecture Studio: Thesis 2017_Nightingale Night Studio

Applied Construction_MArch (First Year) 2016

Ex-Lab: Digital Furniture Design_MArch (Second Year) 2017

BIOMIMICRY

PAPER WEARABLE LANTERN - 3D MODELING AND FABRICATION

Full journal can be viewed at www.issuu.com/applehuang 4

Biomimicry is a digital design project aims to study the capability of digital programming and fabrication. Over the course of the semester, the formation of snowflake was explored and developed both conceptually and visually. to create a wearable paper lantern. The process begins with the analysis of the chosen natural process along with the production of small scale plasticine representation. The model is then translated into NURBS via a 3D program called Rhinoceros and various experiments were made to the model along with important modifications prior to fabrication. The final digitised model was sent to the Fabrication Lab where it was then physically constructed to produce a full scale paper model.

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ACROSS CULTURES

DISCOVERY CENTRE - HERRING ISLAND, MELBOURNE

Across Cultures is a design project for a Discovery Centre and Place for Cultural Exchange which responds to the significant relationship formed between the aboriginals and colonists during the early settlement. This design aims to celebrate the reconciliation of these two cultures which are explored and symbolically represented through a series of spaces with the play of materials, form, manipulation of light and shade, tectonics and circulation. As a result, the architecture mainly focused on the play between the idea of ‘bridging’ and sharing of ideas across both cultures. Nature, being an important aspect to both cultures is used as the bridging component to reconnect the spaces. As visitors meander through the spaces, different experiences with the landscape are formed through the way physical elements of the buildings are designed.

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CONTENTS

STUDLEY PARK BOATHOUSE

LEARNING FROM THE MASTERS: ALVARO SIZA - KEW, MELBOURNE

Studley Park Boathouse is a design project that reflects the work and ideas of Alvaro Siza throughout his carreer.

Based on Siza‘s idea of “planting into landscape”, this design revolves around relationships between the interior and exterior spaces through views, circulation and openings. The form and circulation of the people is governed by the visual experience around the building. Situated along the Yarra River in Kew, the site itself has a long history of bringing cultures and recreational purposes to the visitors. The visitors are guided throughout their journey in the building when moving from one function to another.

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9

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

10

SOUTH ELEVATION

NORT

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

TH ELEVATION

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

SECTION A-A

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LAND ART GENERATOR INITIATIVE

PARAMETRIC DESIGN - COPENHAGEN, DENMARK

Studio Air is a design studio that explores the impact of computation on architectural design. The Land Art Generator Initiative is an annual design competition that aims to design and construct public art installations that have the added benefit of utility-scale clean energy generation. Throughout the course, we were to explore the functions and capability of a parametric program called Grasshopper. Responding to the site and the brief, my group and I have chosen to explore the idea of minimal surfacing and organic geometry to create a dynamic and interactive structure that exemplifies the context of contemporary design computation. Aligning with the vision of Copenhagen, our design aims to improve the space quality of the harbours which led to our idea of reconverting an unused industrial land to an attractive location as a harbour bath as well as spaces for leisure activities. The use of solar pond is chosen because it can be directly seen by the users and the use that it can proposed to our design intent of a community space.

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Full journal can be viewed at www.issuu.com/applehuang

FOR M G E N E R AT ION

1

4

SITE ANALYSIS

TRIMING OF CURVES BASED ON SITE ANALYSIS

2

5

BOUNDARY AND POINTS

FORM GENERATION USING MILIPEDE PLUG-IN

3 D P R I N T E D MOD E LS

3

6

CURVES

INSERT FUNCTIONS

E N E RGY G E N E R AT ION - S OLA R P ON D

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1

16

2

3

4

Constructibility was one of the main issue we had to explore with. We focused on the technicality of the fabrication method in terms of rigidity and structurally. Computation has allowed us to continuously change the elements of our prototypes when we encounter any issues during physical fabrication. For example, changing of scale has changed how the materials are connected.

Computation has also broaden our knowledge in the use of 3D printing and has helped us to realise our form physically. We have also looked at how these prototypes can bring forward our idea of creating the sense of rediscovery through the play of shading and solidity.

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1. Pa n e l D et a i l 2 . P rotot yp e 1 - Pol yp ropyl e n e 3 . P rotot yp e 2 - A l u m i n u m S h e et 4 . P rotot yp e 3 - A c ryl i c 5 . P rotot yp e 4 - A c ryl i c ( 1 : 1 j oi nt d et a i l )

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17

CASE STUDY: Dandenong Education Precinct (Hayball Architects) Axonometric Drawing, Detail Drawing and Modelling

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19

20

Construction design is a subject that aims to study the relationship of construction details and the architects’ design intents. We were required to produce a 1:20 sectional model, 1:20 axonometric drawing and two detail drawings.

In partnership with Tim Farrugia, this 1:20 model documents the construction assemblage, design intents, building functions and environmental sustainable design intentions.

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THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE ARCHIVES BRUNSWICK, MELBOURNE

An archive aims to not only preserve the past but also for the future. The present can be represented as a “bridge”, where ideas are being communicated and shared.

The idea of ‘feeling in-between’, ‘transition’ and ‘connections’ are the metaphors of a ‘bridge’ which can be experienced throughout the design. The archive’s form is also reflected by the different building types that can be found across Brunswick, creating its own village within the site. Similarly, the finishes of the archive is chosen to reflect the past. The use of Terracotta Panels for the roof and facade aims to reconcile the Former Terracotta and Enamel Brickwork office further down the west end of Albert Street with the archive. The concrete, steel and timber finishes is challenged by the choice of material used for bridges. The subtleness of the materials helps to strengthen the idea of connection created by the roof and furthermore bringing calmness to the colourful and busy context of Brunswick.

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OUTRÉ GALLERY

GALLERY & RETAIL SPACE - BRUNSWICK, MELBOURNE

This design aims to reflect upon the current OutrĂŠ Gallery sitting along Elizabeth Street, Melbourne. Without having to include any ornamentation, this design accentuates the colours and composition form within it. The idea of using frames as an analogy to create a visual and sensual experience helps to reflects upon the importance of framing to the paintings of the gallery. The play with levels and its overlapping arrangement is used to create plenty of movement within the design, representing the dynamism of the paintings in the gallery. The notion of being able to catch a glimpse of each space from different angles represents the different perspective one forms when viewing a painting.

The subtleness of the design reflects the atmosphere that was captured while being in the current gallery. The notion of the gallery sitting quietly yet boldly helps to create a space where users can escape from the vibrant and busy Sydney Road in Brunswick.

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TARRAWARRA HOTEL AND SPA Tarrawarra, Victoria

TarraWarra Hotel and Spa aims to create an experience of tranquility through allowing the engagement with natural environment. Vineyard and landscape are used to cover the currently barren site while the architecture sits quietly and allowing the nature to flow within it. The terraced form of the building aims to accommodate the sloping site as well as the growth of vines throughout the building. The study of Geoffrey Bawa’s works has led to the approach of creating long corridors, voids and courtyards inviting the penetration of sunlight, wing and views. The use of concrete not only gives a raw and textile finish but also providing its thermal properties to passively heat and cool the building. The low and cantilevered roofs aim to guide users to the desired view outside and also to protect from the exposure of strong wind and summer sun.

The desire of users to be away from daily distractions is focused through enabling individuals to engage effortlessly with their surroundings. As said by Tadao Ando, “... architecture [do not] has to speak too much.

It should remain silent and let nature be in the guise of sunlight and wind”.

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Integrating with the site

Integrating landscape with architecture

Corridors and Courtyard

Solid and void relationship (connecting indoor and outdoor)

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GROUND FLOOR PLAN (HOTEL)

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LOWER GROUND 1 FL

LOOR PLAN (ANCILLARY)

LOWER GROUND 2 FLOOR PLAN (SPA)

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COMPACT HOUSE

St. Albans Stage 2 Development

T

PUBLIC COURTYARD

Challenging the homogeneity of housing development, St. A creates its own dynamic neighbourhood channeled through the mix of three housing typologies within each lot. Besides providing a sense of individuality to home owners, the breaking of building plots also creates extra public open space within its own community, allowing more interaction between users. Materiality is used to tie the three housing typologies together and soft boundaries are used to blur the division between private and public open space.

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T

TYPOLOGY 2 - GEN X

TYPOLOGY 3 - MULTIGEN

Views

TYPOLOGY 3 - MULTIGEN TYPOLOGY 2 - GEN X

Private and Public Green Space

TYPOLOGY 3 - MULTIGEN

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TYPOLOGY 1 - GEN Y

Plot Size of 8m x 9m

Ground Floor Plan

North Facing Courtyard

First Floor Plan

With the site of just 72sqm, adaptability is the key allowing versatility of floor space depending on the need of use. Designed for young millennials, the house includes an innovative study/work space that also functions as a seating area for any social gatherings, a children’s play space that can be transformed into a guest bedroom and flexible dining/lining area.

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Allowing Northern Sun to Floor Below

Division of Public to Private Spaces

Second Floor Plan

To reduce the use internal walls, staircase is use as soft divider between private and public spaces. The use of perforated mesh on the staircase also allow light to enter the floor below.

The interior treatment is light and bright to to reflect light throughout the space, making the house feels larger.

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THE BACKHOUSIA Melbourne, Victoria

The Backhousia is a food production hub cum wellness centre that features the Australian Lemon Myrtle (Backhousia Cirtriodora). Lemon Myrtle is known as an ornamental with abundant flowers and fragrant lemon-scented leaves that can be used not just for consumption but also in producing health and beauty products.

By creating a public thoroughfare, users are able to witness the production process easily. The programs and design aim to offer the community a space to stop, sit, eat, play and relax in the busy urban setting.

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Stacking programs Stacking of of programs - reduce noise from traffic reduce noise from traffic

compost

12 months

Fully mature at year 4

Life span of 30 years

Leaves are first harvested at 18 months

Used tea leaves as fertilizers

oil

dried

StackingStacking of programs of programs reduce noise from traffic reduce noise from traffic

health and beauty products

Public thoroughfare Public thoroughfare

spices and tea

Response to view and contour Response to view and contour

Stacking of Stacking programsof- programs reduce noisereduce from noise trafficfrom traffic

Public thoroughfare Public thoroughfare

Response toResponse view andtocontour view and contour

Access to first floor Access to first floor

Subtractions to createto create Subtractions courtyards and ochards courtyards and ochards

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REGEN HOUSE (NIGHTINGALE NIGHT SCHOOL) North Melbourne, Victoria

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Full journal can be viewed at www.issuu.com/applehuang

SENSES

PTSD

HYPERVIGILANT

ISOLATION

TRIGGERS

MEMORY

SIGHT

SOUND

VISUAL C O N N ECT I O N

SMELL

CHARRED

T Y P I C A L FA C A D E

FLASHBACK & NIGHTMARES

DISSOCIATIVE EXPERIENCES

PERMEABILITY

N AT U R A L

R EG E N H O U S E P R O S P ECT & REFUGE

FRUITS & HERBS

Can our everyday living quaters help to improve our community’s emotional well-being when added to their current medical and therapy programs?

As ex-servicemens’ and womens’ homelessness continue to increase in Australia, mental well-being has been raised as one of the main cause.

This Nightingale Model seeks to provide residential homes aiding in the recovery of those who suffer from PTSD through multi-sensory design approaches that encourage the regeneration of the mind and body.

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1

2

DRYBUG STREET

MUNST

ER TE R.

ARDEN STREET

3

4

1 2 3 4

G R O U N D F LO O R

0

1

1

4 3

BASEMENT 46

Gym Lobby Retail Bakery/Cafe Lobby

4

10M

2

5 1 2 3 4 5

0

Gym / Spa Workshop Waste Ro om Services Bi ke Stoarage

4

10M

47

6 7

5 3 1

1 2 3 4

Laundry Plant Room To o l S h e d Counseling Room 5 BBQ 6 Garden 7 Deck

4 2

ROOF

LV L 1 - LV L 3 48

0

4

10M

0

4

10M

49

2 BEDROOM 70 SQM 1 0 S Q M D EC K PRICE: $ 521,500

0 50

2

4

6

10M

51

292 EXHIBITION STREET Melbourne, Victoria

The form and orientation of the tower is developed through 3 main strategies; first, to maximise locational view towards the surrounding landmarks and sites (REB, Fitzroy Gardens & the CBD); second, to minimize impact of wind load on the building face by minimizing the surface area directly encountered with the prevailing North wind; and thirdly to encourage a platform for a social environment between the busy corner of Exhibition and La Trobe St. where the site marks the entrance into the CBD. The ascending crown sits above the skylounge, orientated to further enhance the aerodynamic nature of the tower and also acting as a wind barrier to the externally accessible skydeck.

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C

1030

1760

A1

600 5400

9°

Mark

5400

Diagram

55

2620

50

TIP

RL +292.37

ROOF

RL +279.77

L54

SKY LOUNGE

PLANT ROOM

C2 Low rise 800 x 800 - 500 WC C3 Mid rise 700 x 700 - 400 WC C4 High rise 650 x 650 - 350 WC C5 Low rise 600 x 600 - 300 WC

C2

C6

EB

850mm (depth) x 500mm (width)

PT Concrete Edge beams

A1

PT Concrete Slab

200mm (depth)

A2

A1

60°

S

B1

PT Concrete Band beams

B1

G

Thickness

G

Low

B2

Level

00

600mm

30

Sky

E

300mm

30

3785

8100

6750

2

8100

15675

15675

1

2

A2 A2

E

A2

F

NOTE: STRUCTURAL GRID SPACING IS BASED ON A 1350mm MODULE

PRECAST PANEL MODULE PLAN (LOW RISE) NTS

cL

5

4

3

F

E

6

54295

TYPICAL STRUCTURAL FLOOR PLAN (CROWN) Scale 1:300 on A2

1760

600

5400

1030

4080

600 5400

9°

1030

1760

5400

55

80

9°

FFL +174.77

25°

cL

13

4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200

50

°

25

25

°

25°

cL

80

55

317000

FCL +177.47

2 A2.2

MODULE A1b

MODULE A1b

MODULE A1c

81

00

MODULE A1a

E

TYPICAL MODULE A1 (FINS AT 45°)

3

NTS

81

00

11185

F

G

D

81

00

FCL +177.47

EB cL 0

52325

C1

MODULE A2b

MODULE A2b

MODULE A2c

TYPICAL MODULE A2 (FINS AT 30°)

4

NTS

cL

C2

30°

1760

A

7395

8100

MODULE A2a

S

C2

81 13510

00

FCL +177.47

30

35 17

4200

°

67

20000

50

1

30°

1800

2

8100

6750

8100

RL +250.37

L47

RL +246.17

L46

RL +241.97

L45

RL +237.77

L44

RL +233.57

L43

RL +229.37

L42

RL +225.17

L41

SKY RISE

RL +216.77

L40

PLANT ROOM

RL +212.57

L39

RL +208.37

L38

RL +204.17

L37

RL +199.97

L36

RL +195.77

L35

RL +191.57

L34

RL +187.37

L33

RL +183.17

L32

RL +178.97

L31

RL +174.77

L30

RL +170.57

L29

RL +166.37

L28

RL +162.17

L27

RL +153.77

L26

RL +149.57

L25

RL +145.37

L24

RL +141.17

L23

RL +136.97

L22

RL +132.77

L21

RL +128.57

L20

RL +124.37

L19

RL +120.17

L18

RL +115.97

L17

RL +111.77

L16

RL +107.57

L15

1 A3.2

HIGH RISE

FIBRE GLASS PRECAST CONCRETE PANELS WITH WHITE PERFORATED STEEL

PLANT ROOM

FIBRE GLASS PRECAST CONCRETE PANELS WITH INFILL GLAZING (WHITE AGGREGATE FINISH)

STEEL MEGACOLUMN ENCASED IN CONCRETE (WHITE AGGREGATE FINISH)

RL +103.37

L14

MID RISE

RL +94.97

L13

PLANT ROOM

RL +90.77

L12

RL +86.57

L11

RL +82.37

L10

RL +78.17

L9

RL +73.97

L8

RL +69.77

L7

RL +65.57

L6

RL +61.37

L5

RL +57.17

L4

RL +52.97

L3

RL +48.77

L2

RL +44.57

L1

FIBRE GLASS PRECAST CONCRETE PANELS WITH INFILL GLAZING (WHITE AGGREGATE FINISH)

LOW RISE

4

3

MULLION FINS STRUCTURAL GLAZING TO PODIUM

15175

5

RL +24.57

FFL +174.77

6

54295

TYPICAL STRUCTURAL FLOOR PLAN (LOW RISE) Scale 1:300 on A2

L49

RL +254.57

L48

cL

cL

67 15175

cL

RL +258.77

4080

50

1

L50

RL +262.97

8400

81 30°

2980

FFL +174.77

4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200

00

09

11

PB

B

4080

H 20245 core

C

L51

8400

2

L52

MID RISE

00

400mm

L53

RL +267.17

8400

54

cL

High

2330 cL cL

50

cL

67

500mm

A2

95

18

Mid

RL +275.57 RL +271.37

LOW RISE

81

14960

CORE WALL SCHEDULE

A

FIBRE GLASS PRECAST CONCRETE CONCRETE ATTACHED TO TRUSSES

8400

C

Description

500mm (depth) x 1200mm (width)

4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200

16700 core 45650

00 81

C

Size

PB

A2

5965

Mark

C6

B2

B

NTS BEAM SCHEDULE

D

PV GLAZING WITH VERTICAL TRUSSES AND CROSS BRACING

12600

00 81

H

E

F

Crown E300 UC A2 A2

PRECAST PANEL MODULE PLAN (SKY, HIGH & MID RISE)

1

C

F

SKY RISE

E

G

4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200 4200

D

HIGH RISE

81

00

A2

CROWN

9030

G

F

A2

E

G

81 00

13

RL +337.37

B2

1350 x 2200 Megacolumn Concrete encased steel 2 x 600 WC

B1

cL

°

C1

°

25

25

cL

25°

25°

Description

A2

80

9°

A2

1030

A1

600 5400

C

B2

1760

80

55

COLUMN SCHEDULE

D

B1

2 A2.2

cL

0

5m

10m

MODULE Ea

20m

5

MODULE Eb

PODIUM

MODULE Ec

TYPICAL MODULE E (FINS AT 20°) NTS

GROUND

6

NORTH-WEST ELEVATION Scale 1:650 on A2

0

5m

10m

20m

40m

3

FFL +178.97

1500

50

NOMINAL 50MM CONSTRUCTION JOINT

FCL +177.47

MODULE PANEL

2700

4200

ROLLER BLINDS

419 CAPRAL FLUSHLINE DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOW

419 CAPRAL FLUSHLINE DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOW

WHITE AGGREGATE CONCRETE FINISH

FIBRE GLASS PRECAST CONCRETE PANELS

PRECAST PANEL MODULES IN WHITE AGGREGATE FINISH

FFL +174.77

CAST IN STEEL CLEATS FIXED TO SLAB

50

PT BAND AND EDGE BEAM

1500

50MM NOMIMAL CONSTRUCTION JOINT WITH MASTIC SEALANT AND FOAM BACKING ROD SMOKE SEAL (AIR SEAL) AND MINERAL FIBRE FIRESTOP

SUSPENDED CEILING

MODULE A1a

MODULE A1b

MODULE A1

MODULE A1b

800

MODULE A1c

MODULE A1

MODULE B1

ELEVATION DETAIL

1

3

Scale 1:50 on A2

Scale 1:50 on A2

D

C 1350

1350

1350

1350

1285

1350

1350

1350

8045 735

950

130

1225

130

1225

1015

White exposed aggregate concrete

50

800

200

50

3 735

2100 MODULE A1a

200

1250

200

MODULE A1b MODULE A1

2

PLAN DETAIL Scale 1:50 on A2

54

SECTION DETAIL

1250 MODULE A1b

200

2100 MODULE A1c

135

White performated steel (Plant Room)

Engaging with the raw expression of the exposed megacolumn, the glass-fibre reinforced concrete panels are pre-cast and installed onto the slab structure. The panels are sub-divided along the 1350mm structural grid, and are optimized for sun shading throughout each of the facades via fixed vertical fins. The in-fill double-glazed windows restricts the transmission of heat and sound, and the panel is finished with a white-aggregate mix for a light and elegant surface treatment. The architectural language of the skeletal aesthetics manifests itself up to the crown via the continuation of the mega-columns and exposed structural bracings, but still distinguishes itself from the rest of the structure.

3 E

D

1000

ROOF +44.57

FCL +43.57

FFL +36.65

1

3000

F2

A5.1

1000

FFL +40.57 DRIP EDGE

BAND BEAM

FCL +39.57

FCL +35.65

3000

F2

50MM NOM. GAP WITH MASTIC SEALANT AND FOAM BACKING ROD

FIBRE GLASS PRECAST CONCRETE PANEL

1000

FFL +36.57

FCL +35.57 2400

419 CAPRAL FLUSHLINE DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOW PACKER

F2

A5.1

1000

FCL +31.57

12MM PLASTERBOARD

CAST IN STEEL CLEATS FIXED TO SLAB

615

2

FFL +32.57

50

3000

F2

GROUT PATCHING

F2 CARPET OVER 8MM UNDERLAY

FFL +32.57

3000

7000

1000

4000

F2

FCL +31.57

SUSPENDED TIMBER CEILING

FFL+24.57 800

800

7300

EDGE COLUMN 2400

2400

2400

550

550

3700

SLIDING DOOR

ELEVATION

2

2400

REVOLVING DOOR AT 3700MM DIAM.

0

1m

2m

3m

5m

Scale 1:100 on A2

3

A5.1

2

Precast Panel to Concrete Slab Detail 7000

Scale 1:5 on A2 20MM TOUGHENED GLASS PILKINGTON 905J SLICEPLATE

E

d )

300X400MM BLACK POWDERCOATED ALUMINIUM FRAMED TO CONCEAL TRACK

24 05

81

00

24 00

PILKINGTON 905J TO FIN

24 00

TOUGHENED GLASS MULLION FIN

SLIDING DOOR

3000

55 0

F1

37 00

D

3

1:100 FALL

0

81 00

F1 55

FFL +24.57

24 0

0

F2

24 00

C SECTION DETAIL 3 Precast Panel Joint Scale 1:20Detail on A2 Scale 1:5 on A2

0

200mm

400mm

600mm

1m

3

Glass Podium Detail Scale 1:5 on A2

24

00

1

FINISHES SCHEDULE Label

Finish 1000x500x30mm black granite tiles

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CLARE TABLE

Ex-Lab, Digital Furniture Fabrication, MSD

Photograph by Shawn Koh

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Full journal can be viewed at www.issuu.com/applehuang

Video can be viewed at https://youtu.be/HedZkvZj1SA

Consideration for the environment and the sustainability of specific actions is considered an incredibly hot topic for our generation and as a result I became intrigue with the potential to create a furniture out of waste material that is easily accessible everywhere. I have chosen plastics because they are known to be one of the biggest waste and can take over 1,000 years to break down.

HDPE is a type of hard plastic that has a low-melting point of 175deg Celsius and they can be recycled safely and easily without producing any toxic fumes or liquid.

200 used HDPE plastic milk and shampoo bottles were collected from cafes and everyday households to create the piece. The plastics were cut into smaller pieces, fused and compressed together to create blank sheets as they become soft when heated. The blank sheets were then re-melted, compressed and moulded with a timber split mould that was made using the CNC machine.

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Photograph by Shawn Koh

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