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14

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞΠسñï 2013 N 3 (1279-1280)

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ëïáÙ³ïáÉá·Ç³Ï³Ý μ³½Ï³ÃáéÝ»ñÁ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ ³é³çݳÏÇ ½ÝÝÙ³Ý Ï³μÇÝ»ïÇ μ³½Ï³ÃáéÁ: ²é³ÝÓÇÝ Çñ³í³μ³Ý³Ï³Ý ³ÝÓ Ñ³Ý¹Çë³óáÕ Ù³ëݳ·Çï³óí³Í ³ï³Ùݳï»ËÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý É³μáñ³ïáñdzݻñÇ Ù³ëáí ³é³ç³ñÏíáõÙ ¿ ³ñïáݳ·ñ³ÛÇÝ í׳ñÇ »É³Ï»ï³ÛÇÝ ïíÛ³É ¹Çï³ñÏ»É Ññ³Ù³Ý³·ñí³Í ³ï³Ùݳï»ËÝÇÏÇÝ: êïáÙ³ïáÉá·Ý»ñÁ ݳ˳ñ³ñ ¸áõÙ³ÝÛ³ÝÇÝ Çñ»Ýó ·áÑáõݳÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ ѳÛïÝ»óÇÝ μ³ñÓñ³óí³Í ѳñó»ñÇÝ ÁÝóóù ï³Éáõ ѳٳñ ¨ å³ñï³íáñí»óÇÝ ³Û¹ Ù³ëÇÝ ï»Õ»Ï³óÝ»É μáÉáñ Ù³ëݳ·»ïÝ»ñÇÝ: ÐÐ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñ ¸»ñ»ÝÇϸáõÙ³ÝÛ³ÝÁ Ù³ëݳ·»ïÝ»ñÇÝ ³é³ç³ñÏ»ó ÝáõÛÝ ³ÏïÇíáõÃÛ³Ùμ ѳٳ·áñͳÏó»É ݳ¨ ëïáÙ³ïáÉá·Ç³ÛÇ áÉáñïáõÙ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý, ã³÷áñáßÇãÝ»ñÇ ¨ ÝáñÙ³ïÇí³ÛÇÝ ³ÛÉ ÷³ëï³ÃÕûñÇ Ùß³ÏÙ³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÇÝ, áñå»ë½Ç ³é³í»É ûμÛ»ÏïÇí ¨ ³ß˳ïáÕ áñáßáõÙÝ»ñ ÁݹáõÝí»Ý: ܳ˳ñ³ñÁ ëïáÙ³ïáÉá·Ý»ñÇ Ñ»ï ùÝݳñÏ»ó ݳ¨ áÉáñïáõ٠ͳé³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ áñ³ÏÇ ³å³ÑáíÙ³Ý, Ù³ëݳ·»ïÝ»ñÇ áñ³Ï³íáñÙ³Ý μ³ñÓñ³óÙ³Ý Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·Ç Ý»ñ¹ñÙ³Ý, ϳ¹ñ»ñÇ å³ïñ³ëïÙ³Ý Ï³Ýáݳϳñ·Ù³Ý ¨ ³ÛÉ Ñ³ñó»ñ:

ìÆÎîà𠲸ºìàêÆ ²öàÚ²Ü (1930-2 2013)

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Students Disciplined in Harvard Scandal Harvard has forced dozens of students to leave in its largest cheating scandal in memory, the university made clear in summing up the affair , but it would not address assertions that the blame rested partly with a professor and his teaching assistants. Harvard would not say how many students had been disciplined for cheating on a take-home final exam given last May in a government class, but the university's statements indicated that the number forced out was around 70. The class had 279 students, and Harvard administrators said last summer that "nearly half" were suspected of cheating and would have their cases reviewed by the Administrative Board. On Friday, a Harvard dean, Michael D. Smith, wrote in a letter to faculty members and students that, of those cases, "somewhat more than half" had resulted in a student's being required to withdraw. Dr. Smith, the dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, wrote, "Of the remaining cases, roughly half the students received disciplinary probation, while the balance ended in no disciplinary action." He wrote that the last of the cases was concluded in December; no explanation was offered for the delay in making a statement. The forced withdrawals were retroactive to the start of the school year, he wrote, and those students' tuition payments would be refunded. Howard Gardner, a professor at Harvard's Graduate School of Education who has spent much of his career studying cheating, said that eventually, the university should "give a much more complete account of exactly what happened and why it happened." The episode has given a black eye to one of the world's great educational institutions, where in an average year, 17 students are forced out for academic dishonesty. It was a heavy blow to sports programs, because the class drew a large number of varsity athletes, some of them on the basketball team. Two players accused of cheating withdrew in September rather than risk losing a year of athletic eligibility on a season that disciplinary action could cut short. People briefed on the investigations say that they went on longer than expected because the university's effort was painstaking, hiring additional staff members to comb through each student's exam and even color-coding specific words that appeared in multiple papers. One implicated student, who argued that similarities

between his paper and others could be traced to shared lecture notes, said the Administrative Board demanded that he produce the notes six months later. The student, who asked not to be identified because he still must deal with Harvard administrators, said he found some notes and was not forced to withdraw. Some Harvard professors and alumni, along with many students, have protested that the university was too slow in resolving the cases, too vague about its ethical standards or too tough on the accused. Robert Peabody, a lawyer representing two implicated students, said as their cases dragged on, with frequent postponement, "they emotionally deteriorated over the course of the semester." He said one was forced to leave the university, and the other was placed on academic probation. While Harvard has not identified the course or the professor involved, they were quickly identified by the implicated students as Introduction to Congress and Matthew B. Platt, an assistant professor of government. Dr. Platt did not respond to messages seeking comment Friday. In previous years, students called it an easy class with optional attendance and frequent collaboration. But students who took it last spring said that it had suddenly become quite difficult, with tests that were hard to comprehend, so they sought help from the graduate students who ran the class discussion groups and graded assignments. Those teaching fellows, they said, readily advised them on interpreting exam questions. Administrators said that on final-exam questions, some students supplied identical answers, down to, in some cases, typographical errors, indicating that they had written them together or plagiarized them. But some students claimed that the similarities in their answers were due to sharing notes or sitting in on sessions with the same teaching fellows. The instructions on the take-home exam explicitly prohibited collaboration, but many students said they did not think that included talking with teaching fellows. Dr. Smith's long note did not say how the Administrative Board viewed such distinctions, or whether the university had investigated the conduct of the professor and teaching fellows, and a spokesman said Harvard would not elaborate on those questions.

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²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞΠسñï 2013 N 3 (1279-1280)

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Computer Room Instead of So Much Needed Reading Hall The Greatest of our teachers Hippokrates taught us “Don’t harm”. One of the reading halls in YSMU was transformed into a computer room for assessing our students` knowledge. As our students testify, they were even using the reading-hall just by standing and reading the materials they wanted. So Instead of solving the problem we’ve had for such a long time, we’re deepening it more. Does it mean we spend much more energy and resources on testing the students’ knowledge rather than giving them the opportunity to get it.? However, we hope that the administration of our University already has the solution and in the future the students will be using the reading hall without arguing for having a seat.

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English Park The green areas of the city are belov ed by both the v isitors of Yerev an and the citizens. Many areas of Yerev an are being planted with trees, lawns and gardens nowadays. The main parks of Yerevan are: the Victory Park with multiple side-shows f or children and grown-ups, Lov er's Park in the middle of Baghramy an Av enue, beautiful English Park neighboring the Italian and French Embassies that we are going to represent. The problem of park foundation appeared in the 5060s of the 19th century due to the first perspective plan. At that time there were three parks in the city. Especially were famous the City park in the middle of Hanrapetutyan and Shanumyan squares and the English park which was named "After 26 commissars" in the Soviet period. English park is located on Italy Street, near Italian Embassy and is a wonderful green spot to visit in summer. The park is bordered on the south by the imposing monument to Alexander Miasnikyan and is divided by two streets. On the east of the park visitors will find the small statue of Yerevan Water boy and a large plaza with the enormous monument to Stepan Shahumyan standing in its front. The English Park is a popular getaway for wedding photographs. This park is the largest one. The formation and improvement of the park lasted from the 60s of the 19th century till the years before the World War I. On July 1 1895, for 12-year-term contract was given to Levon Baglnchyan who was oblighed to complete the reconstruction of the garden within three years, but the

he didn't meet his engagement. The park was decorated and improved only after Is. Melik-Aghamalyan's becoming Mayor of Yerevan. The improvement activities went on during the years of Malik-Aghamalyants's office. Because of the reconstruction the park was closed for 10 years. It was opened on October 3 1910.

COUNTRY WHERE YOU STUDY!

St.. Gre egory the e Illuminator Church One of the biggest and amazing cathedrals in Armenia. The Cathedral is the symbol of the 1700th anniversary of the proclamation of Christianity as a State Religion in Armenia and house for relics of St. Grigor (Gregory). Its construction was finished in 2001. The huge Cathedral is a complex consisting of three churches: the Cathedral (Main Church) with 1700 seats and the Chapels of St. Tiridat (Tiridates) III the King and of St. Ashkhen the Queen (both with 150 seats). These two royal figures were the crucial helpers of St. Gregory in converting Armenia to Christianity. The belfry and the court are located at the entrance of the Cathedral. The halls for both the receptions and church-related activities are provided on the lower floor of the Main Church. The consecration of the Cathedral - the symbol of the 1700th anniversary of the proclamation of Christianity as a state religion in Armenia - took place on September 23, 2001, and now, with its whole beauty and majesty, it is visible from the numerous corners of Yerevan. The Holy Remains of St. Gregory the Illuminator were brought here from Italy. Shortly after the consecration of the Cathedral Pope John Paul II paid a visit to the Cathedral. The Saint Gregory the Illuminator Church is close to the main streets and sights in downtown Yerevan. Walking 15 minutes you can get to Abovyan and Amiryan Streets; 20 minutes - to Tumanyan and Sayat Nova Streets.

Probably the most enjoyable way to get to the Saint Gregory the Illuminator Church is through the Circular Park, if you want to get the feel of the citys gentle landscaping.

MOTHERS’ INTERNATIONAL DAY IN

A

INDI

The concept of celebrating Mothers Day on the second Sunday of May is very new in India and it can be said that in a time span of less than a decade, Mothers Day has been a great success. In the presence of umpteenth number of existing festivals, it is a remarkable achievement for a foreign festival to make its presence felt in the vast and culturally diverse country like India. Globalisation, to a great extent has helped to make this Western, or mainly American festival to make its presence felt in India. Besides interaction of Indians with the West is at an all time high. A lot many people have been in US or have their relatives staying there. Internet and satellite revolution has made information about other cultures more accessible than ever. But the reason behind the success of Mothers Day in India can be attributed to the emotions which are attached to the festival. Mothers are mothers everywhere, they are as much loved and respected in India as in any other part of the world. Perhaps Indians have always felt the need of such a day which is devoted solely to mothers. Mothers Day gives them all the opportunity to celebrate such a day.

IRAN The first celebration of 8th March in Iran, in 1922, took place in Rasht [North of Iran] organised by "the Society of Women's Prosperity Herald" [Jamiyat Peyk-e Sa`adat-e Nessvaan]. However, there is no other record of further events being held by this society. A Few years later records show that celebrations took place publicly in 1928 organised by the "Organisation for Women's Awakening" [sazeman-e bidariy-e zanan]. Since then, there are no records of public events commemorating 8th March. However, this event was celebrated secretly and in private in the homes of some of the elite women. The year 2000 was a turning point in the celebration of International Women's Day and the open activities of women. In this year, Noushin Ahmadi Khorasani invited a group of women to openly and publicly celebrate 8th March. To the surprise of the organisers, more than a 1000 people attended, and the widespread news of the event grabbed the attention of society. The 8th March is when Iranian women - encouraged and appreciated by the International community on one hand and under internal threats and pressures on the other hand - celebrate this great day. Happy International Women's Day to these passionate hard working women and their internation sisters!

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ARMENIA AND IN DIFFERENT COUTRIES

ARMESpring by its colors and freshness fills our hearts and souls with new hopes, warmth and great expectations of life. Spring makes us feel happy also with its holidays and victories. One of the most beautiful holidays is one which is celebrated in March, the international day of women. This day is especially expected by girls and women who look forward to this holiday impatiently. The holiday has a long history. This beautiful holiday has been celebrated for a century now but it was born as a challenge for the protection of women rights. Still at the beginning of 20th century women could gain this success due to strong will and purposefulness. In Armenia the 8th of March is officially celebrated since 1921. But in Armenia women enjoy not only the international day of women but also a whole holiday month till the 7th of April as the month of glorification of women and beauty. In the West, International Women's Day was first observed as a popular event after 1977 when the United Nations General Assembly invited member states to proclaim March 8 as the UN Day for Women's Rights and International Peace. Armenia observed the holiday both in the Soviet period and in the early years of independence. In 1996, the day was annulled; it was replaced by April 7, which was celerbated as a Day of Maternity and Beauty.

USA International Women's Day has been celebrated around the world for nearly hundred years, although it has yet to receive significant attention here in the United States. The holiday was conceived to aid the international movement for women's suffrage, and more generally to raise awareness of women's struggles for equality. Today, International Women's Day is celebrated in most developed countries, filled with special celebrations, activities for schoolchildren, flowers and tributes to women. For the last few years, Beata Pozniak, the founder of Women's Day USA, has worked with the Mayor of Los Angeles, Governor of California, and California Congresswoman Maxine Waters for political recognition of this important day. In 1994, at Beata's suggestion, Congresswoman Waters introduced and arranged for passage of the first bill in the history of the U.S. for national recognition of the holiday (H.J. Res. 316), designating March 8th, 1994 as "International Women's Day".

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March Calendar March 16

Alexandre Tamanyan Born in the city of Yekaterinodar in 1878 in the family of a banker. He graduated from the St Petersburg Academy of Arts in 1904. His works portrayed sensitive and artistic neoclassical trends popular in those years. He became an Academician of Architecture in 1914, in 1917 he was elected as the Vice-President of the Academy of Arts. In 1923 he moved to Yerevan, heading the new construction effort in the republic. He was the chief engineer of the local Council of People's Commissars and was a member of the CEC of the Armenian. manian created the first general plan of the modern city of Yerevan which was approved in 1924. Tamanian's style was instrumental in transforming what was essentially a small provincial city into the modern Armenian capital, a major industrial and cultural center. Neoclassicism dominated his designs but Tamanian also implemented a national flavor. Among his most famous designs in Yerevan are the hydroelectric station (ERGES-1, 1926), the Opera and Ballet house named after A. Spendiarian (1926-1953), the Republic Square (1926-1941) and others.

March 22

World Water Day International World Water Day is held annually on 22 March as a means of focusing attention on the importance of freshwater and advocating for the sustainable management of freshwater resources. An international day to celebrate freshwater was recommended at the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED). The United Nations General Assembly responded by designating 22 March 1993 as the first World Water Day. Each year, World Water Day highlights a specific aspect of freshwater.

March 23

International Meteorology Day The first facts about weather were present long time ago. Since 17-18th centuries they've recorded everyday information about weather . And after the invention of Barometer some experiments were made for weather predictions according to the changes of atmosphere pressure. In 1872 the International Meteorological organization was founded.

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March Calendar March 26

Raphael -5530 Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino better known simply as Raphael, was an Italian painter and architect of the High Renaissance. His work is admired for its clarity of form and ease of composition and for its visual achievement of the Neoplatonic ideal of human grandeur. Together with Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci, he forms the traditional trinity of great masters of that period. After his early years in Rome much of his work was self-designed, but for the most part executed by the workshop from his drawings, with considerable loss of quality. He was extremely influential in his lifetime, though outside Rome his work was mostly known from his collaborative printmaking. After his death, the influence of his great rival Michelangelo was more widespread until the 18th and 19th centuries, when Raphael's more serene and harmonious qualities were again regarded as the highest models.

March 27

World Theatre Day World Theatre Day is the creation of the International Theatre Institute (ITI). It is celebrated annually on the 27th March by ITI Centres and the international theatre community. Various national and international theatre events are organized to mark this occasion. One of the most important of these is the circulation of the World Theatre Day International Message through which at the invitation of ITI, a figure of world stature shares his or her reflections on the theme of Theatre and a Culture of Peace. The first World Theatre Day International Message was written by Jean Cocteau (France) in 1962. It was first in Helsinki, and then in Vienna at the 9th World Congress of the ITI in June 1961 that President Arvi Kivimaa proposed on behalf of the Finnish Centre of the International Theatre Institute that a World Theatre Day be instituted. The proposal, backed by the Scandinavian centres, was carried with acclamation. Ever since, each year on the 27th March, World Theatre Day has been celebrated in many and varied ways by ITI National Centres of which there are now almost 100 throughout the world. Each year a figure outstanding in theatre or a person outstanding in heart and spirit from another field, is invited to share his or her reflections on theatre and international harmony. What is known as the International Message is translated into more than 20 languages, read for tens of thousands of spectators before performances in theatres throughout the world and printed in hundreds of daily newspapers. Colleagues in the audio-visual field lend a fraternal hand, with more than a hundred radio and television stations transmitting the Message to listeners in all corners of the five continents.

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