YSMU, Apaga Bzhishk

ÐáõÝÇëÇ 1 ºñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñ

ÐáõÝÇëÇ 15 г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõÃÛ³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý ËáñÑñ¹³ÝÇß»ñÇ ûñ ä»ï³Ï³Ý ËáñÑñ¹³ÝÇß»ñÁª ¹ñáßÁ, ¹ ½ÇݳÝß³ÝÁ ¨ ûñÑÝ»ñ·Á, û å»ïáõÃÛ³Ý ÇÝùÝÇß˳ÝáõÃÛ³Ý å³ßïáÇ Ý³Ï³Ý ï³ñμ»ñ³Ýß³ÝÝ»ñ Ý »Ý: »

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ (FUTURE DOCTOR) ¶É˳íáñ ËÙμ³·Çñ 꺸² ʲâ²îàõðÆ ÂàðàêÚ²Ü Editor SEDA TOROSYAN ÂÕóÏÇó ²Æ¸² вÎà´Ú²Ü ²Ý·É»ñ»Ý ÝÛáõûñÇ å³ï³ë˳ݳïáõ ²Ü²ÐÆî ¸ºØàõðâÚ²Ü Ð³Ù³Ï³ñ·ã³ÛÇÝ Ó¨³íáñáÕ ì²ð¸àõÐÆ ØºÈÆøêºÂÚ²Ü Èñ³ïí³Ï³Ý ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛáõÝ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝáÕª §ºñ¨³ÝÇ ØËÇóñ лñ³óáõ ³Ýí³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³Ý¦ ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³Ù: »ñÃÁ ·ñ³Ýóí³Í ¿ ÐÐ ³ñ¹³ñ³¹³ïáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ: ¶ñ³ÝóÙ³Ý íϳ۳ϳݪ N 299 îå³·ñíáõÙ ¿ §Èº¶²È äÈÚàõê¦ êäÀ Ññ³ï³ñ³ÏãáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ: гëó»ª ºñ¨³Ý 0025, ÎáñÛáõÝÇ ÷. 2 лé³Ëáëª (060) 62-12-46, 2-46, 2-47 E-mail: apagabzhishk@ysmu.am ̳í³ÉÁª 36 ¿ç îå³ù³Ý³ÏÁª 500 ûñÇÝ³Ï ²Ýí׳ñ

2

ÐáõÝÇëÇ 20 ÐÐ å³ïÙáõÃÛ³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý óݷ³ñ³Ý-80

г۳ëï³ÝÇ å³ïÙáõÃÛ³Ý Ã³Ý·³ñ³ÝÁ å³ïÙ³Ùß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ, ·Çï³Ñ»ï³½áï³Ï³Ý ¨ ï»Õ»Ï³ïí³Ï³Ý Ëáßáñ Ï»ÝïñáÝ ¿: ³ݷ³ñ³ÝáõÙ å³ÑíáõÙ ¨ óáõó³¹ñíáõÙ »Ý Ñݳ·Çï³Ï³Ý, ³½·³·ñ³Ï³Ý ¨ å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý 400.000-Çó ³í»ÉÇ ÝÙáõßÝ»ñ, áñáÝù Ý»ñϳ۳óÝáõÙ »Ý г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ùß³ÏáõÛÃÇ ¨ å³ïÙáõÃÛ³Ý ÁݹѳÝáõñ å³ïÏ»ñÁ ݳ˳å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý Å³Ù³Ý³ÏÝ»ñÇó ÙÇÝ㨠ٻñ ûñ»ñÁ:

ÐáõÉÇëÇ 4 г۳ëï³ÝÇ ³½·³ÛÇÝ ·ñ³¹³ñ³ÝÇ ûñ §²å³·³ μÅßÏǦ μáÉáñ ÃáÕ³ñÏáõÙÝ»ñÁª 1958 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇó ³é ³Ûëûñ, å³Ñå³ÝíáõÙ »Ý ³½·³ÛÇÝ ·ñ³¹³ñ³ÝÇ ·ñ³å³ÑáóáõÙ:

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

ÐáõÉÇëÇ 5 ê³Ñٳݳ¹ñáõÃÛ³Ý ûñ г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõÃÛ³Ý ë³Ñٳݳ¹ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ г۳ëï³ÝÇ Çñ³í³Ï³Ý ѳٳϳñ·Ç ÑÇÙùÝ ¿ª »ñÏñÇ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý ûñ»ÝùÁ, áñÇÝ å»ïù ¿ ѳٳå³ï³ëË³Ý»Ý ÙÛáõë μáÉáñ ûñ»ÝùÝ»ñÝ áõ Çñ³í³Ï³Ý ³Ïï»ñÁ: ê³Ñٳݳ¹ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ ݳ¨ ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåÙ³Ý ³Ù»Ý³ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý ëϽμáõÝùÝ»ñÇ ³ÙμáÕçáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿, áñÇ ·áñÍÝ³Ï³Ý ÏÇñ³éÙ³ÝÁ ¨ ³Ùñ³åݹٳÝÁ å»ïù ¿ Ó·ïÇ å»ïáõÃÛáõÝÁ:

ÐáõÉÇëÇ 11 ²ß˳ñÑÇ μݳÏãáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ß˳ñѳÛÇÝ ûñ îáÝÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ ÑÇÙù »Ý ѳÝî ¹Ç ¹Çë³ó»É μݳÏãáõÃÛ³Ý ÃíÇ Ù³ëÇÝ Ø²Î-Ç ïíÛ³ÉÝ»ñÁ, Ù³ ѳٳӳÛÝ áñáÝó` 1987-Ç Ñ³ ÑáõÉÇëÇ 11-ÇÝ ³ß˳ñÑÇ Ñ Ñá μݳÏãáõÃÛáõÝÁ ѳï»ó 5 μÝ ÙÇÉdzñ¹Ç ë³Ñٳݳ·ÇÍÁ: ÙÇ ²Û¹ ûñÁ å³ÛٳݳϳÝáñ»Ý ²Û ³Ýí³Ýí»É ¿ 5 ÙÇÉdzñ¹Ç ³ ûñ: ûñ

ÐáõÉÇëÇ 11 ÞáÏáɳ¹Ç ѳٳß˳ñѳÛÇÝ ûñ ÞáÏáɳ¹Ç ûñÝ ³é³çÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù Ýᯐ »Ý ýñ³ÝëdzóÇÝ»ñÁª 1995ÇÝ: γ ϳñÍÇù, áñ ßáÏáɳ¹Ý ³é³çÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù ëï³ó»É »Ý ³óï»ÏÝ»ñÁ ¨ ³ÛÝ ³Ýí³Ý»É §²ëïí³ÍÝ»ñÇ ëÝáõݹ¦, ÇëÏ Çëå³Ý³óÇÝ»ñÁ, ³ÛÝ μ»ñ»Éáí ºíñáå³, ÏÝù»É »Ý §ê¨ áëÏǦ ³ÝáõÝáí: Üñ³Ýù ßáÏáɳ¹Ý û·ï³·áñÍáõÙ ¿ÇÝ ýǽÇÏ³Ï³Ý áõÅÇ ³Ùñ³åÝ¹Ù³Ý ¨ í»ñ³Ï³Ý·ÝÙ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ: ÞáÏáɳ¹Á ËóÝáõÙ ¿ ¿Ý¹áñýÇÝÝ»ñÇ ³ñï³¹ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ, áñÁ ѳٳñíáõÙ ¿ »ñç³ÝÏáõÃÛ³Ý ÑáñÙáÝ: ÞáÏáɳ¹³ë»ñÝ»ñ, ³ÏïÇí³óñ»ù »ñç³ÝÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ó»ñ ÑáñÙáÝÝ»ñÁ:

ÐáõÉÇëÇ 14 г۳ëï³ÝÇ ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ³½·³ÛÇÝ ³Ï³¹»Ùdz-80 ÐÐ ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ³½·³ÛÇÝ ³Ï³¹»ÙÇ³Ý ÐÐ μ³ñÓñ³·áõÛÝ ·Çï³Ï³Ý ÇÝùݳϳé³í³ñíáÕ å»ï³Ï³Ý ѳëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝ ¿, áñÁ ÙdzíáñáõÙ ¿ ¶²² ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÇÝ ¨ ¶²² ѳٳϳñ·Ç ·Çï³Ï³Ý ѳëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ, ÑÇÙݳñÏÝ»ñÇ ¨ Ó»éݳñÏáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ³ß˳ïáÕÝ»ñÇÝ: ¶²²-Ý Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÙ ¨ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝáõÙ ¿ ÑÇÙݳñ³ñ ¨ ÏÇñ³é³Ï³Ý ·Çï³Ï³Ý ѻﳽáïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ, ѳٳϳñ·áõ٠ѳÝñ³å»ïáõÃÛáõÝáõ٠ϳï³ñíáÕ Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ: ²Ûë ϳéáõÛóÁ г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõÃÛ³Ý Çß˳ÝáõÃÛ³Ý μ³ñÓñ³·áõÛÝ Ù³ñÙÇÝÝ»ñÇ å³ßïáÝ³Ï³Ý ·Çï³Ï³Ý ËáñÑñ¹³Ï³ÝÝ ¿:

ÐáõÉÇëÇ 20 Þ³ËÙ³ïÇ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñ ²Ûë ïáÝÝ ³Ýó ¿ Ï³óíáõÙ Þ³ËÙ³ïÇ Ñ³Ù³ß˳ñѳÛÇÝ ý»¹»ñ³ódzÛÇ áñáßÙ³Ùμ, ù³Ý½Ç ³Û¹ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÑÇÙݳ¹ñí»É ¿ 1924-Ç ÑáõÉÇëÇ 20-ÇÝ: Þ³ËÙ³ïÇ Ñ³Ûñ»ÝÇùÁ ѳٳñíáõÙ ¿ Ðݹϳëï³ÝÁ, áñï»Õ 5-ñ¹ ¹³ñáõ٠ѳÛïÝí»É ¿ ß³ËÙ³ïÇ Ý³Ë³ïÇåÁ` ã³ïáõñ³Ý·³ ˳ÕÁ: г۳ëï³ÝÁ ѳٳñíáõÙ ¿ ß³ËÙ³ï³ÛÇÝ ·»ñï»ñáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ ³Û¹ ¹Çñù»ñÁ å³Ñå³Ý»Éáõ ѳٳñ Ó»éݳñÏáõÙ ¿ ù³ÛÉ»ñª ß³ËÙ³ïÁ г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ Ù³ëë³Û³Ï³Ý³óÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ: 2011-Çó Ç í»ñ Ù»Ýù ÙÇ³Ï »ñÏÇñÝ »Ýù, áñÇ Ñ³Ýñ³ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý ¹åñáóÝ»ñáõÙ ß³ËÙ³ïÁ ¹³ë³í³Ý¹íáõÙ ¿ áñå»ë å³ñï³¹Çñ ³é³ñϳª 2-ñ¹ ¹³ë³ñ³ÝÇó:

ú·áëïáëÇ 9 гٻñ³ßËáõÃÛ³Ý ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñ úñÁ Ù»Ï ³Ý·³Ù ¨ë ÑÇß»óÝáõÙ ¿ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó` ÉÇÝ»É Ý»ñáÕ³ÙÇï ¨ ѳٻñ³ßË: ò³Ýϳó³Í ÷áËѳñ³μ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ³Ùáõñ ÑÇÙùÇ íñ³ »Ý ÉÇÝáõÙ, »ñμ ³éϳ »Ý Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÛÇÝ μ³ñÓñ ³ñÅ»ùÝ»ñÁ, Ù³ñ¹³ëÇñáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ÇÝãÇ ÍÝáõÝ¹Ý ¿ ѳٻñ³ßËáõÃÛáõÝÁ: ²ñÇáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÍÝáõÙ ¿ ѳÕÃáÕÝ»ñ, ѳٻñ³ßËáõÃÛáõÝÁ` ³Ýå³ñï»ÉÇÝ»ñ: ²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

3

...Æ٠ݳ˳·³ÑáõÃÛ³Ùμ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³í ºä´Ð Ñá·³μ³ñÓáõÝ»ñÇ ËáñÑñ¹Ç ÝÇëïÁ, áñÁ ºä´Ð é»ÏïáñÇ å³ßïáÝáõÙ ÙdzӳÛÝ ÁÝïñ»ó åñáý»ëáñ ØÇù³Û»É ¼³Ë³ñÇ Ü³ñÇÙ³ÝÛ³ÝÇÝ: гçáÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ »Ù Ù³ÕÃáõ٠г۳ëï³ÝÇ ³é³ç³ï³ñ ´àõÐ-»ñÇó Ù»ÏÇÝ, ÇÙ ALMA MATER-Çݪ ·³ÉÇù ï³ñÇÝ»ñÇ ÁÝóóùáõÙ: ²ðØºÜ ²ÞàîÚ²Ü ÐÐ ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñ

ºä´Ð èºÎîàð ìºðÀÜîðìºò äðàü. ØÆø²ÚºÈ ܲðÆزÜÚ²ÜÀ ºñ¨³ÝÇ ØËÇóñ лñ³óáõ ³Ýí³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝáõÙ 2015 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇ ÑáõÝÇëÇ 8-ÇÝ Ï³Û³ó³í Ñá·³μ³ñÓáõÝ»ñÇ ËáñÑñ¹Ç Ãíáí 3-ñ¹ ÝÇëïÁ, áñÁ μ³ó»ó ËáñÑñ¹Ç ݳ˳·³Ñ, ÐÐ ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñ ²ñÙ»Ý ²ßáïÛ³ÝÁ: ÜÇëïÇ ûñ³Ï³ñ·áõÙ Ù»Ï Ñ³ñó ¿ñ` ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ é»ÏïáñÇ ÁÝïñáõÃÛáõÝÁ: è»ÏïáñÇ ÁÝïñáõÃÛáõÝÁ ϳåí³Í ¿ñ §ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³Ý¦ å»ï³Ï³Ý áã ³é¨ïñ³ÛÇÝ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÁ §ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³Ý¦ ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³ÙÇ í»ñ³Ï³½Ù³íáñÙ³Ý Ñ»ï: ÆÝãå»ë ·Çï»Ýù` 2014 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇ ï³ñ»í»ñçÇÝ ÐРϳé³í³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ³é³ç³ñÏáí áñáßáõÙ ¿ñ ÁݹáõÝ»É §ºñ¨³ÝÇ ØËÇóñ лñ³óáõ ³Ýí³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³Ý¦ å»ï³Ï³Ý áã ³é¨ïñ³ÛÇÝ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÁ í»ñ³Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñå»É §ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³Ý¦ ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³ÙÇ: àñáßáõÙÁ Ýå³ï³Ï áõÝ»ñ Áݹ·Í»É »íñáå³Ï³Ý ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý ï³ñ³ÍùáõÙ ÁݹáõÝí³Í ϳñ¨áñ³·áõÛÝ ³ÛÝ óáõó³ÝÇßÁ, û áñù³Ýáí ¿ ´àõÐ-Á ÇÝùݳí³ñ Çñ ³Ï³¹»ÙÇ³Ï³Ý ¹ñë¨áñáõÙÝ»ñÇ Ù»ç ¨ áñù³Ýáí ¿ ϳñáÕ³ÝáõÙ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝ»É ³ÛÝ ¹»ñ³Ï³ï³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ, áñ å»ïù ¿ áõݻݳñ å»ï³Ï³Ý ´àõÐ-Á` ÉÇÝ»Éáí ѳÝñ³ÛÇÝ Ñ³ëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝ: ²ÛëÇÝùÝ` ϳé³í³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ»ó ѳëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝ, áñÁ ß³ï ³í»ÉÇ ÇÝùÝáõñáõÛÝ ¿ ³ß˳ïáõÙ, ïÝûñÇÝáõÙ Çñ ׳ϳﳷÇñÁ` ù³Ý ݳËÏÇÝáõÙ: ´àõÐ-Ç Ï³ñ·³íÇ׳ÏÇ ÷á÷áËáõÃÛáõÝÁ »Ýó¹ñáõÙ ¿ñ ݳ¨ é»ÏïáñÇ Ýáñ ÁÝïñáõÃÛáõÝ: ²Ñ³ ÇÝãáõ` ºä´Ð é»ÏïáñÁ í»ñ³Ýí³Ýí»ó é»ÏïáñÇ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï³íáñ å³ßïáݳϳï³ñ` ÙÇÝ㨠Ýáñ ÁÝïñáõÃÛáõÝÁ: 2014 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇ ¹»Ïï»Ùμ»ñÇ 17-Çó ³é 2015 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇ ÑáõÝÇëÇ 8-Á é»ÏïáñÇ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï³íáñ å³ßïáݳϳï³ñ Ý߳ݳÏí»ó ºä´Ð ݳËÏÇÝ é»Ïïáñ, åñáý»ëáñ ØÇù³Û»É ܳñÇÙ³ÝÛ³ÝÁ: è»Ïïáñ³ïÇ ¹³ÑÉÇ×áõ٠ϳ۳ó³Í §ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý

4

μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³Ý¦ ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³ÙÇ Ï³é³í³ñÙ³Ý ËáñÑñ¹Ç ÝÇëïáõÙ é»ÏïáñÇ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï³íáñ å³ßïáݳϳï³ñ ØÇù³Û»É ܳñÇÙ³ÝÛ³ÝÁ Ý»ñϳ۳óñ»ó ï»Õ»Ï³ïíáõÃÛáõÝ` ´àõÐ-Ç ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý Çñ ï»ëɳϳÝÇ ³éÝãáõÃÛ³Ùμ, ³ÛÝáõÑ»ï¨ å³ï³ë˳ݻó ËáñÑñ¹Ç ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÇ Ñ³ñó»ñÇÝ, ÇÝãÇó Ñ»ïá ϳé³í³ñÙ³Ý ËáñÑñ¹Ç ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÇ ÃíÇó ÁÝïñí»ó ÁÝïñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùÝ»ñÝ ³Ù÷á÷áÕ Ñ³ßíÇã ѳÝÓݳÅáÕáí: γ۳ó³Í ÷³Ï, ·³ÕïÝÇ ùí»³ñÏáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùáõÙ ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ é»Ïïáñ ÁÝïñí»ó ØÇù³Û»É ܳñÇÙ³ÝÛ³ÝÁ: Àëï ѳßíÇã ѳÝÓݳÅáÕáíÇ Ñ³Ûï³ñ³ñ³Í ³Ù÷á÷Çã ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùÝ»ñÇ` Ñá·³μ³ñÓáõÝ»ñÇ ËáñÑñ¹Ç ÝÇëïÇÝ Ý»ñϳ ¿ÇÝ 32 ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÇó 29-Á, áíù»ñ ¿É ÙdzӳÛÝ ùí»³ñÏ»É ¿ÇÝ ·áñÍáÕ é»ÏïáñÇ û·ïÇÝ: ²ÛëåÇëáí` ºñ¨³ÝÇ ØËÇóñ лñ³óáõ ³Ýí³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ 21-ñ¹ é»ÏïáñÁ ÁÝïñí»ó »ñÏñáñ¹ ³Ý·³Ù:

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

ºä´Ð ²Þʲî²ÎÆòܺðÜ àõ ÐÆì²Ü¸²Üàò²ÚÆÜ Ð²Ø²ÈÆðܺðÀª Ȳ첶àõÚÜܺðÆ ÂìàõØ §î³ñí³ É³í³·áõÛÝ μÅÇßÏ ¨ ï³ñí³ É³í³·áõÛÝ μáõÅÑÇÙݳñÏ-Ðáõëá ²ëïÕ-2015¦ ³Ù»Ý³ÙÛ³ ³½·³ÛÇÝ Ùñó³Ý³Ï³μ³ßËáõÃÛ³Ý ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÙ É³í³·áõÛÝÇ ÏáãÙ³Ý ³ñųݳó³í ݳ¨ ºä´Ð ÃÇÙÁ, áñÇ Ï³½ÙáõÙ ¿ÇÝ Ù»ñ ³Ýí³ÝÇ Ù³ëݳ·»ïÝ»ñÁ: ºä´Ð §Ð»ñ³óǦ ÃÇí 1 ¨ §Øáõñ³ó³Ý¦ ѳٳÉë³ñ³Ý³Ï³Ý ÑÇí³Ý¹³Ýáó³ÛÇÝ Ñ³Ù³ÉÇñÝ»ñÝ ³ñųݳó³Ý §´³½Ù³åñáýÇÉ, Ù»-

§Ð»ñ³óǦ ÃÇí 1 ѳٳÉë³ñ³Ý³Ï³Ý ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóÇ í»ñ³Ï³Ý·ÝáÕ³Ï³Ý íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ åɳëïÇÏ íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ÏÉÇÝÇϳÛÇ Õ»Ï³í³ñ, ÐÐ í³ëï³Ï³íáñ μÅÇßÏ, ºñ¨³ÝÇ å³ïí³íáñ μÅÇßÏ, ÐÐ ·É˳íáñ ÙÇÏñáíÇñ³μáõÛÅ ²ñï³í³½¹ ê³Ñ³ÏÛ³ÝÝ ³ñųݳó³í §ØÇÏñáíÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ³é³ç³ï³ñ íÇñ³μáõÛŦ Ùñó³Ý³ÏÇÝ:

ͳѳë³ÏÝ»ñÇÝ ¨ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇÝ μáõÅû·ÝáõÃÛáõÝ ïñ³ïñ³ Ù³¹ñáÕ ¨ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý áñ³ÏÛ³É Ù³ëݳ·»ïÝ»ñ å³ïñ³ëïáÕ ï³ñí³ É³í³·áõÛÝ ÑÇí³Ý¹³Ýáó³ÛÇÝ Ñ³Ù³ÉÇñÝ»ñ¦ Ùñó³Ý³ÏÇÝ, áñÁ ѳÝÓÝí»ó ºä´Ð ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÇ ·Íáí åñáé»Ïïáñ, åñáý»ëáñ ². Ø. ØÇݳëÛ³ÝÇÝ: ÀݹѳÝáõñ μÅßÏáõÃÛ³Ý ý³ÏáõÉï»ïÇ ¹»Ï³Ý, Ù³Ýϳμ³ñÓáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ·ÇÝ»ÏáÉá·Ç³ÛÇ ÃÇí 1 ³ÙμÇáÝÇ ¹áó»Ýï, §Ø³ñß³É ´³Õñ³Ù۳ݦ Ù»¹³É³ÏÇñ ÜáõÝ» Þ³Ñí»ñ¹Û³ÝÝ ³ñųݳó³í §´³ñÓñ³·áõÛÝ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý ï³ñí³ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåÇ㦠Ùñó³Ý³ÏÇÝ: Øñó³Ý³ÏÁ ѳÝÓÝ»ó ÐÐ ¶²² ³Ï³¹»ÙÇÏáë, ºä´Ð ݳËÏÇÝ é»Ïïáñ ìÇÉ»Ý Ð³ÏáμÛ³ÝÁ:

øÇÃ-ÏáÏáñ¹-³Ï³Ýç³μ³Ýáõà øÇà ÏáÏáñ¹ ³Ï³Ýç³μ³Ýáõà ÃÛ³Ý Ã Û³Ý ³ÙμÇáÝÇ í³ñÇã, í³ñÇã ÐÐ øÇÃ-ÏáÏáñ¹-³Ï³Ýç³μ³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý í³ëï³Ï³íáñ μÅÇßÏ, ¾ñ»μáõÝÇ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝÇ Èúè μ³Å³ÝÙáõÝùÇ í³ñÇã, ÐÐ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ºñ¨³Ý ù³Õ³ùÇ ·É˳íáñ ùÇÃ-ÏáÏáñ¹-³Ï³Ýç³μ³Ý, ÐÐ ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý ³½·³ÛÇÝ ³Ï³¹»ÙdzÛÇ ÃÕóÏÇó-³Ý¹³Ù, μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¹áÏïáñ, åñáý»ëáñ ²ñÃáõñ ÞáõùáõñÛ³ÝÝ ³ñųݳó³í §´ÅßÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç Ý»ñ¹ñ³Í Ù»Í ³í³Ý¹Ç ѳٳñ¦ Ùñó³Ý³ÏÇÝ: ²éáÕç³å³Ñ³Ï³Ý áÉáñïáõ٠ٻͳٳëßï³μ ³Ûë Çñ³¹³ñÓáõÃÛ³Ý Ýå³ï³ÏÝ ¿ñ Ý»ñϳ۳óÝ»É ¨ å³ïíÇ ³ñųݳóÝ»É μÅßÏáõÃÛ³Ý ï³ñμ»ñ áÉáñïÝ»ñáõÙ Çñ»Ýó Ó»éùμ»ñáõÙÝ»ñÇ áõ »é³Ý¹Ç ßÝáñÑÇí ³½·³μݳÏãáõÃÛ³Ý ·Ý³Ñ³ï³Ï³ÝÇÝ ³ñųݳó³Í É³í³ ³ í³·áõÛÝ Ù³ëݳ·»ïÝ»ñÇÝ áõ ϳ ³ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇÝ:

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

5

гñ·³ÝùÇ ïáõñù ³Ýí³ÝÇ íÇñ³μáõÛÅÇÝ §²ñÙ»Ýdz¦ ѳÝñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝáõÙ í»ñ³μ³óí»ó ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ÑÇÙݳëÛáõÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏǪ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¹áÏïáñ, ºñ¨³ÝÇ Ø. лñ³óáõ ³Ýí³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý N1 ³ÙμÇáÝÇ åñáý»ëáñ, г۳ëï³ÝÇ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ³Ï³¹»ÙdzÛÇ ³Ï³¹»ÙÇÏáë, 1990-2008ÃÃ. ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ §ìÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛáõݦ Ù³ëݳ·Çï³Ï³Ý ËáñÑñ¹Ç ݳ˳·³Ñ ìÇÏïáñ ²÷áÛ³ÝÇ ³Ýí³Ùμ ³Ýí³Ý³Ïáãí³Í íÇñ³μáõÅ³Ï³Ý μ³Å³ÝÙáõÝùÁ: ÜáõÛÝ ÙÇçáó³éÙ³Ý ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõ٠ϳ۳ó³í §Üßï³ñÇ Ññ³ß³·áñÍ í³ñå»ïÁ¦ ·ñùÇ ßÝáñѳݹ»ëÁ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ óáõó³¹ñí»ó ìÇÏïáñ ²÷áÛ³ÝÇ ÏÛ³ÝùÇÝ ¨ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³ÝÁ ÝíÇñí³Í §Ðáõëá ÉáõÛëÁ¦ ýÇÉÙÁ:

ܳ˳ӻéÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÙÇïí³Í ¿ ³í³· ·áñÍÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÇ, áõëáõóÇãÝ»ñÇ Ù»Í³ñÙ³ÝÁ: §àñå»ë íÇñ³μáõÛŠϳ۳óÙ³Ý ×³Ý³å³ñÑÇÝ ÇÝÓ Ñ³Ù³ñ Ù»Í å³ïÇí ¿ñ §²ñÙ»Ýdz¦ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝáõÙ ûñ áõ ·Çß»ñ ³ß˳ï»É ²÷áÛ³ÝÇ ÝÙ³Ý åñáý»ëáñÇ ÏáÕùÇÝ: ػͳÝáõÝ íÇñ³μáõÛÅÇÝ μÝáñáß ¿ñ ËáñÑáõñ¹ ï³Éáõ μ³ó³éÇÏ Ï³ñáÕáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ³é³ÝÓݳѳïáõÏ ¿ÇÝ Ýñ³ ѳëï³ïáõÝ ëϽμáõÝùÝ»ñÝ áõ Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÛÇÝ ï»ë³ÏÁ: ²Ï³¹»ÙÇ³Ï³Ý ·Çï»ÉÇùÝ»ñÇÝ, íÇÃ˳ñÇ ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý ÷áñÓÇ ï»ñ Ëǽ³Ë íÇñ³μáõÛÅ ÉÇÝ»Éáí` ݳ »ñμ»ù ã¿ñ ¹³¹³ñáõÙ ÉÇÝ»É Ý³¨ Ù³ñ¹: ܳ μ³ó³ñÓ³Ï ³½ÝíáõÃÛ³Ý ï»ñ ³ÝÓݳíáñáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ñ, áñ ϳñáÕ ¿ñ íÇñ³Ñ³ïáõÃÛáõÝÇó

6

Ñ»ïá ѳÛïÝ»É íÇñ³Ñ³ïáõÃÛ³Ý áã ¹ñ³Ï³Ý »ÉùÇ Ù³ëÇÝ, ÇÝãÁ Ûáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñ íÇñ³μáõÛÅÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ μ³í³Ï³ÝÇÝ Í³Ýñ ¿¦,-Ýß»ó ÐÐ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñ ²ñÙ»Ý Øáõñ³¹Û³ÝÁª ѳí»É»Éáí, áñ ²÷áÛ³ÝÁ å³ïñ³ëï³Ï³Ù ¿ñ Çñ áÕç Ñ»ÕÇݳÏáõÃÛ³Ùμ å³ï³ë˳ݳïíáõÃÛáõÝ Ïñ»Éáõ Ûáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñ Ïñïë»ñ ·áñÍÁÝÏ»ñáç ѳٳñ: §Ü³ éÇëÏÇ ¿ñ ·ÝáõÙª íÇñ³Ñ³ï»Éáí ³ÝÑáõÛëÝ»ñÇÝ, íÇñ³Ñ³ïáõÙ ¿ñ Ýñ³Ýó, áõÙ áõñÇßÝ»ñÁ ·áõó» Ññ³Å³ñí»ÇÝ íÇñ³Ñ³ï»É: ÜÙ³Ý μ³ñÓñ ÇÝï»É»ÏïÇ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ¨ Ñ³Ý׳ñ»Õ μÅÇßÏÝ»ñÇÝ å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝÁ ãÇ Ùáé³ÝáõÙ¦,-ÑÇß»Éáí ÁÝÏ»ñáçݪ ³ë³ó г۳ëï³ÝÇ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ³Ï³¹»ÙdzÛÇ Ý³Ë³·³Ñ, è¸ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ³Ï³¹»ÙdzÛÇ ³Ï³¹»ÙÇÏáë ȨáÝ ØÏñïãÛ³ÝÁ:

ÐÐ ²Ü ·É˳íáñ íÇñ³μáõÛÅ ÐáíѳÝÝ»ë ê³ñáõ˳ÝÛ³ÝÁ å³ïÙ»ó, áñ ³ß˳ï»É ¿ ìÇÏïáñ ²÷áÛ³ÝÇ Ñ»ï ßáõñç »ñÏáõ ï³ëݳÙÛ³Ï: Üñ³ ·Ý³Ñ³ïÙ³Ùμ` ²÷áÛ³ÝÇÝ Ñ³çáÕí»É ¿ Ýå³ëï»É Ù»ñ »ñÏñáõÙ íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ½³ñ·³óÙ³ÝÁª Ý»ñ¹Ý»Éáí Ýáñ³ñ³ñ³Ï³Ý Ùáï»óáõÙÝ»ñ: §²ÛÝ ¹åñáóÁ, áñÝ ³Ýó³í ²÷áÛ³ÝÁ, ÙÇ ß³ñù ³ÛÉ ³Ýí³ÝÇ íÇñ³μáõÛÅÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï, êáõñ»Ý ²í¹³Éμ»ÏÛ³ÝÇ íÇñ³μáõÅ³Ï³Ý ¹åñáóÝ ¿ñ¦,- Áݹ·Í»ó åñáý»ëáñ Ð. ê³ñáõ˳ÝÛ³ÝÁ: ìÇÏïáñ ²÷áÛ³ÝÁ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ÏñÃáõÃÛáõÝÁ ëï³ó»É ¿ ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõïáõÙ: ØáëÏí³ÛáõÙ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óñ³Í ·Çï³Ñ»ï³½áï³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇó

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

Ñ»ïá Ñ 1963-ÇÝ 1963 ÇÝ Ýñ³ μÅßϳϳÝ, μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ·Çï³Ï³Ý, Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅ³Ï³Ý ·áñ· ÍáõÝ»áõÃÛáõÝÝ ³Ùáõñ ϳåí³Í ¿ Í »Õ»É íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ»ï: 1963» 79ÃÃ. ³ß˳ï»É ¿ μÅÇßÏÝ»ñÇ Ï³7 ï³ñ»É³·áñÍÙ³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõïáõÙ` ï ѳëÝ»Éáí åñáý»ëáñÇ å³ßïáÝÇ: Ñ 1979-98ÃÃ. ջϳí³ñ»É ¿ ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ å íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý N2 ³ÙμÇáÝÁ, §²ñí Ù»Ýdz¦ ѳÝñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ù Ï»ÝïñáÝÇ íÇñ³μáõÅ³Ï³Ý ÏÉÇÝÇϳÝ: Ï 1998-Çó ÙÇÝã Ù³ÑÁ »Õ»É ¿ ³Û¹ 1 ³ÙμÇáÝÇ åñáý»ëáñÁ: 1973-74ÃÃ. ìÇÏïáñ ²÷áÛ³ÝÁ ºñ¨³ÝÇ ·É˳íáñ íÇñ³μáõÛÅÝ ¿ñ, 1982-84ÃÃ.` г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõÃÛ³Ý ·É˳íáñ íÇñ³μáõÛÅÁ: 1990-2008ÃÃ. »Õ»É ¿ ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ §ìÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛáõݦ Ù³ëݳ·Çï³Ï³Ý ËáñÑñ¹Ç ݳ˳·³ÑÁ: äñáý»ëáñÁ Ñ»ÕÇÝ³Ï»É ¿ ³í»ÉÇ ù³Ý 200 ·Çï³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ï³Ýù: г۳ëï³ÝÇ íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ ³é³çÇÝÝ ¿ Ý»ñ¹ñ»É Ï»ñ³Ïñ³÷áÕÇ åɳëïÇϳÛÇ, ¿ËÇݳÏáÏá½Ç μáõÅÙ³Ý, ¿Ý¹áÏñÇÝ íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ÙÇ ß³ñù Ù»Ãá¹Ý»ñ: ÎáãáõÙáí μÅÇßÏÁ ٳѳó»É ¿ 2013-Ç ÷»ïñí³ñÇ 18-Çݪ 83 ï³ñ»Ï³ÝáõÙ:

ºä´Ð-áõÙ μ³óí»ó ³Ï³¹»ÙÇÏáë ìÇÉ»Ý ²ëïí³Í³ïñÛ³ÝÇ ³Ýí³Ý Éë³ñ³Ý

гÛïÝÇ Ù³ÝϳμáõÛÅ, ºä´Ð ݳËÏÇÝ é»Ïïáñ, ÊêÐØ ´¶² (1986-Çóª è¸ ´¶²) ÃÕóÏÇó-³Ý¹³Ù, ÐÐ ´¶² ³Ý¹³Ù, ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý í³ëï³Ï³íáñ ·áñÍÇã ìÇÉ»Ý ²ëïí³Í³ïñÛ³ÝÇ ³Ýí³Ý Éë³ñ³ÝÇ μ³óÙ³Ý Ñ³Ý¹ÇëáõÃÛ³ÝÁ Ý»ñϳ ¿ÇÝ ³Ï³¹»ÙÇÏáëÇ áñ¹ÇÝ»ñ ²ñÙ»Ý ¨ ¶ñÇ·áñ ²ëïí³Í³ïñÛ³ÝÝ»ñÁ, μ³ñ»ñ³ñ

Ðñ³ãÛ³ ØÇݳëÛ³ÝÁ, áí Ñáí³Ý³íáñ»É ¿ñ Éë³ñ³ÝÇ í»ñ³Ýáñá·Ù³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÁ, é»Ïïáñ³ïÇ Ï³½ÙÁ, í³ëï³Ï³ß³ï ·ÇïݳϳÝÝ»ñ, ºä´Ð ³ß˳ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñ, áñáÝó Ãíáõ٠ݳ¨ Ýñ³Ýù, áíù»ñ ß÷í»É ¿ÇÝ ×³Ý³ãí³Í ³Ï³¹»ÙÇÏáëÇ Ñ»ï: γñ¨áñ»Éáí ÝÙ³Ý ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÇ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óáõÙÁ, áñå»ë Ù»ñ áõëáõóÇãÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ý¹»å Ý»ñϳ ë»ñÝ¹Ç »ñ³Ëï³·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ËáݳñÑáõÙÇ ³å³óáõÛóª ØÇù³Û»É ܳñÇÙ³ÝÛ³ÝÁ ݳ¨ Áݹ·Í»ó ´àõÐ-Ç Éë³ñ³ÝÝ»ñÇ

³Ýí³Ý³ÏáãáõÃÛ³Ý ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßïáõÃÛáõÝÁ: Àëï Ýñ³ª ³é³Ýó ѳñÙ³ñ³í»ï ¨ ï»ËÝÇϳå»ë í»ñ³½ÇÝí³Í Éë³ñ³ÝÝ»ñÇ ¹Åí³ñ ¿ ³å³Ñáí»É áñ³ÏÛ³É ¨ ³Ýíï³Ý· ÏñÃáõÃÛáõÝ: ØÇçáó³éÙ³Ý ÁÝóóùáõÙ ³Ï³¹»ÙÇÏáë ìÇÉ»Ý ²ëïí³Í³ïñÛ³ÝÇ Ù³ëÇÝ Çñ»Ýó ç»ñÙ Ñáõß»ñÁ å³ïÙ»óÇÝ åñáý»ëáñÝ»ñ ²ñï³ß»ë ²½Ý³áõñÛ³ÝÁ, ì³É»ñÇ î³ïÇÝóÛ³ÝÁ, ìɳ¹ÇÙÇñ Þ»ÏáÛ³ÝÁ, ÁݹѳÝáõñ μ³ÅÝÇ å»ï سñÇݳ ¸³ÝÇ»Éμ»ÏÁ, ûï³ñ»ñÏñ³óÇÝ»ñÇ áõëáõóÙ³Ý ¹»Ï³Ý ²Ýݳ ê³ñ·ëÛ³ÝÁ: гݹÇë³íáñ ÝÇëïÇ ³í³ñïÇÝ ØÇù³Û»É ܳñÇÙ³ÝÛ³ÝÁ ßÝáñѳϳÉáõÃÛáõÝ Ñ³ÛïÝ»ó Ðñ³ãÛ³ ØÇݳëÛ³ÝÇݪ Éë³ñ³ÝÇ í»ñ³Ýáñá·Ù³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÁ Ñáí³Ý³íáñ»Éáõ ѳٳñª ÑáõÛë ѳÛïÝ»Éáí, áñ ÝٳݳïÇå ѳٳ·áñͳÏóáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÏÉÇÝÇ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï³Ï³Ý ¨ μ³ñ»ñ³ñÇÝ å³ñ·¨³ïñ»ó ºñ¨³ÝÇ ØËÇóñ лñ³óáõ ³Ýí³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ å³ïíá·ñáí: Ø»Í ³Ï³¹»ÙÇÏáëÇ áñ¹ÇÝ»ñÁ ¨ë áÕçáõÝ»óÇÝ ¨ ßÝáñѳϳÉáõÃÛáõÝ Ñ³ÛïÝ»óÇÝ μ³ñ»ñ³ñÇÝ ¨ ´àõÐ-Ç Õ»Ï³í³ñáõÃÛ³ÝÁª ÝÙ³Ý ·»Õ»óÇÏ Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ:

вزÞʲðвÚÆÜ ´²ÜÎÆ ä²îìÆð²ÎàõÂÚàõÜÀ êÆØàõÈÚ²òÆàÜ ÎºÜîðàÜàõØ ´áÉáÝdzÛÇ »ñ¨³ÝÛ³Ý ·³·³Ã³ÅáÕáíÇ ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõ٠ѳٳß˳ñѳÛÇÝ μ³ÝÏÇ ËÙμÇ ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³ñó»ñáí ïÝûñ»Ý Îɳáõ¹Ç³ ÎáëïÇÝÇ ·É˳íáñ³Í å³ïíÇñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ ³Ûó»É»ó ºñ¨³ÝÇ Ø.лñ³óáõ ³Ýí³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ ëÇÙáõÉÛ³óÇáÝ Ï»ÝïñáÝ: ²ÛóÇ Ýå³ï³ÏÝ ¿ñ ͳÝáÃ³Ý³É Ï»ÝïñáÝÇ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³ÝÁ ¨ ϳï³ñí³Í ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÇÝ: гݹÇåÙ³Ý ëϽμáõÙ ºä´Ð ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý Íñ³·ñ»ñÇ μ³ÅÝÇ å»ï ²ñ³Ù ´³ÛÏáíÁ ÑÛáõñ»ñÇÝ Ý»ñϳ۳óñ»ó ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇ å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ý³ÏáõÉï»ïÝ»ñÇ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛáõÝÁ, Ëáë»ó ´àõÐ-Ç ·Çï³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ïáÕÝ»ñÇ, áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ: Üßí»ó, áñ ºä´Ð-áõÙ áõë³ÝáõÙ »Ý ݳ¨ Ù»Í Ãíáí ³ñï³ë³ÑÙ³ÝóÇ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñ: ²Ûë ѳݷ³Ù³ÝùÁ Ç ÝϳïÇ áõݻݳÉáíª Çñ³Ï³Ý³óíáõÙ ¿ »é³É»½áõ ÏñÃáõÃÛáõÝ:

ä³ïíÇñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÁ ï»Õ»Ï³óí»óÇÝ Ý³¨ ´àõÐ-Ç ÏáÕÙÇó Çñ³Ï³Ý³óíáÕ ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý Íñ³·ñ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ: ²ÛÝáõÑ»ï¨, Ëáë»Éáí ºä´Ð ëÇÙáõÉÛ³óÇáÝ Ï»ÝïñáÝÇ Ù³ëÇÝ, ݳ ÷³ëï»ó, áñ ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ Ù»Í ¿ μÅßϳϳÝ

ë˳ÉÝ»ñÇó ٳѳóáõÃÛ³Ý ÃÇíÁ, áõëïÇ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝáõÙ ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßïáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ñ ëÇÙáõÉÛ³óÇáÝ áõëáõÙÝ³Ï³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝÇ μ³óáõÙÁ: γñ¨áñí»ó ³ÛÝ Ñ³Ý·³Ù³ÝùÁ, áñ ëÇÙáõÉÛ³óÇáÝ Ï»ÝïñáÝÁ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ¿ ëï»ÕÍáõÙ ºä´Ð ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý ·áñÍÁÝóóáõÙ ÏÇñ³é»É ÑÇí³Ý¹áõÃÛ³Ý ÁÝóóùÇ ¨ ¹Çý»ñ»ÝóÇ³É ³ ³ËïáñáßÙ³Ý áõëáõóÙ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ Ñ Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·ã³ÛÇÝ Í Íñ³·ñ»ñ ¨ Ñ»é³í³ñ áõëáõóÙ³Ý á ï³ññ»ñ: ΠλÝïñáÝÇ ÙÇçáóáí Ý Ý³¨ ´àõÐ-Ç ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·áõÙ Ñ Ý»ñ¹ñí»ó μ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý Ý Ù»ÃṪ ëÇÙáõÉÛ³óÇáÝ áõëáõóáõÙ, áñÁ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ Ýáñ ¿ ï³ÉÇë ³ÏÝѳÛïáñ»Ý μ³ñ»É³í»É áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ ·áñÍÝ Ý³Ï³Ý ÑÙïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ½³ñ·³óáõÙÁ ¨ å³Ï³ë»óÝ»É μ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ë˳ÉÝ»ñÇ ù³Ý³ÏÁ Ù³ëݳ·Çï³Ï³Ý ·áñÍ ÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ý ÁÝóóùáõÙ: Æ ¹»åª г۳ëï³ÝÇ μ³ñÓñ³·áõÛÝ ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý §Üáñ ñ³ñ³ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ùñó³Ïó³ÛÇÝ ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³ÙǦª ºä´Ð ë ëÇÙáõÉÛ³óÇáÝ áõëáõÙÝ³Ï³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝÇ Ý³Ë³·ÇÍÁ × ×³Ý³ãí»É ¿ ѳÕÃáÕ, ÇëÏ ºä´Ð-Ç ¨ ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý Íñ³·ñ»ñÇ Ï Ï»ÝïñáÝÇ ÙÇç¨ ëïáñ³·ñí»É ¿ ѳٳß˳ñѳÛÇÝ μ³ÝÏÇ Ï ÏáÕÙÇó ýÇݳÝë³íáñíáÕ ¹ñ³Ù³ßÝáñѳÛÇÝ å³Ûٳݳ·Çñ, á áñáí ¹ñí»É ¿ ·áñÍÝ³Ï³Ý ÑÙïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ëÇÙáõÉÛ³óÇáÝ Ï»ÝïñáÝÇ ÑÇÙùÁ: гݹÇåÙ³Ý í»ñçáõÙ å³ïíÇñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÁ ßñç»óÇÝ ëÇÙáõÉÛ³óÇáÝ Ï»ÝïñáÝáõÙ ¨ ·áñÍݳϳÝáõ٠ͳÝáóó³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝÇ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÇÝ:

TEMPUS GOVERN Ìð²¶ðÆ ²Þʲî²ÜøܺðÀ ºä´Ð-àõØ ºä´Ð ϳé³í³ñÙ³Ý ûÕ³ÏÇ ³ß˳ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñÇ ßñç³Ýáõ٠ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåí³Í ϳé³í³ñÙ³Ý Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·Ç μ³ñ»É³íÙ³ÝÝ áõÕÕí³Í í»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïáõÙÝ»ñÇÝ Ù³ëݳÏó»óÇÝ Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ ³í»ÉÇ ù³Ý 30 ³ß˳ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñª åñáé»ÏïáñÝ»ñ, ¹»Ï³ÝÝ»ñ, ÷á˹»Ï³ÝÝ»ñ, ýÇݳÝë³Ï³Ý áÉáñïÇ å³ï³ë˳ݳïáõÝ»ñ, áñ³ÏÇ ³å³ÑáíÙ³Ý Ù³ëݳ·»ïÝ»ñ: ì»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïáõÙÝ»ñÇ ÁÝóóùáõÙ ùÝݳñÏí»óÇÝ ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý í»ñçݳñ¹ÛáõÝùÝ»ñÇÝ, Ïñ»¹Çï³ÛÇÝ Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·ÇÝ, ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇ ýÇݳÝë³Ï³Ý ϳé³í³ñÙ³ÝÁ ¨ ³ñ¹Ûáõݳí»ï μÛáõç»ï³ÛÇÝ åɳݳíáñÙ³ÝÁ, áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëݳÏóáõÃÛ³ÝÁ ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇ Ï³é³í³ñÙ³ÝÁ, áñ³ÏÇ ³å³ÑáíÙ³ÝÁ ϳé³í³ñÙ³Ý áÉáñïáõÙ ¨ ³ÛÉ Ã»Ù³Ý»ñÇÝ ³éÝãíáÕ Ñ³ñó»ñ: ÜÛáõûñÁ ϳ½Ùí»É ¿ÇÝ »íñáå³Ï³Ý ¨ ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ÷áñÓ³·»ïÝ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó ¨ Ý»ñ³éáõÙ ¿ÇÝ “Tempus Govern” Íñ³·ñáõÙ Áݹ·ñÏí³Í ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÝ»ñÇ ÷áñÓÁ ¨ ³ñﳷݳ í»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïáõÙÝ»ñÇ ÁÝóóùáõÙ Ó»éù μ»ñí³Í ï»Õ»Ï³ïíáõÃÛáõÝÁ:

8

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

ܳ˳Ýßí»óÇÝ Ñ³Ù³·áñͳÏóáõÃÛ³Ý áõÕÇÝ»ñÁ §îáßÇμ³ Ø»¹Çù³É êÇëûÙëǦ Ñ»ï §îáßÇμ³ Ø»¹Çù³É êÇëûÙëÁ¦ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ï»ËÝÇϳ ³ñï³¹ñáÕ ³é³ç³ï³ñ ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇó ¿: ܳËáñ¹ ï³ñÇ ³ÛÝ Ýß»ó Çñ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ý 100-³ÙÛ³ÏÁ: ì»ñçÇÝ ï³ñÇÝ»ñÇÝ ³Ûë ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÛ³Ý Ýáñ³ÙáõÍáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ μ³½Ù³ÃÇí »Ý. ³ñï³¹ñí»óÇÝ Ý³¨ áñáß »½³ÏÇ ë³ñù³íáñáõÙÝ»ñª ѳٳϳñ·ã³ÛÇÝ ïáÙá·ñ³ýª 16 ëÙ ³Ý³ïáÙÇ³Ï³Ý Í³ÍÏáõÛÃáí, áñÝ ÁÝÓ»éáõÙ ¿ 640 ïáÙá·ñ³ýÇÏ ß»ñï ëï³Ý³Éáõ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ: ²Ýϳñ»ÉÇ ¿ ãËáë»É ݳ¨ ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÛ³Ý áñ¹»·ñ³Í ù³Õ³ù³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ, áñÁ Ýí³½»óÝáõÙ ¿ ׳鳷³ÛóÛÇÝ Í³Ýñ³μ»éÝí³ÍáõÃÛ³Ý ã³÷³μ³ÅÇÝÁª ÁݹÑáõå 75%-áí: γñ¨áñ ¿ ݳ¨ ³ÛÝ ÷³ëïÁ, áñ ׳鳷³ÛóÛÇÝ Í³Ýñ³μ»éÝí³ÍáõÃÛ³Ý Ýí³½»óáõÙÁ ݳ˳ï»ëí³Í ¿ §îáßÇ쳦 ³åñ³Ýù³ÝÇßÇ μáÉáñ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ë³ñù³íáñáõÙÝ»ñǪ ÇÝãå»ë μ³ñÓñ³Ï³ñ·, ³ÛÝå»ë ¿É ÙÇçÇÝ ¹³ëÇ ï»ËÝÇϳÛÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ: §îáßÇμ³ Ø»¹Çù³É êÇëûÙë¦ ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ áõÝÇ í³×³éùÇ μ³ñÓñ óáõó³ÝÇß»ñ г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ, ¨ Ñ»Ýó ³Ûë ÷³ëïÝ ¿ñ ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÛ³Ý Õ»Ï³í³ñ ϳ½ÙÇ Ñ³Û³ëï³ÝÛ³Ý ³ÛóÇ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý ¹ñ¹³å³ï׳éÁ: ÐÛáõñ»ñÁ ѳ׻ÉÇáñ»Ý ½³ñÙ³ó³Í ¿ÇÝ, áñ г۳ëï³ÝÇ ÝÙ³Ý ÷áùñ å»ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ áõÝÇ áñ³ÏÛ³É ï»ËÝÇϳÛáí ϳѳíáñí³Í ÏÉÇÝÇϳݻñ, μ³ñÓñ³Ï³ñ· ï»ËÝÇϳÛÇ ÝÙ³Ý å³Ñ³Ýç³ñÏ ¨ ëå³éáõÙ: ÀÝÏ»ñáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³·³Ñ ¨ ·áñͳ¹Çñ ïÝûñ»Ý ê³ïáßÇ òáõݳϳí³ÛÇ ³ÛóÁ ËÃ³Ý ÏѳݹÇë³Ý³ ÷áË·áñͳÏóáõÃÛ³Ý ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý, ¹ñ³ÝáõÙ Ýáñ áõÕÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¨ Íñ³·ñ»ñÇ Ý»ñ³éÙ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ: òáõݳϳí³Ý ·áÑáõݳÏáõÃÛ³Ùμ ¿ Áݹ·Í»É, áñ г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ §îáßÇμ³ Ø»¹Çù³É êÇëûÙëǦ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛáõÝÝ ÁݹɳÛÝíáõÙ ¿ª Ýß»Éáí, áñ Çñ ջϳí³ñ³Í ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ ß³ñáõݳϻÉáõ ¿ ³ç³ÏóáõÃÛáõÝ ïñ³Ù³¹ñ»É г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý ½³ñ·³óÙ³ÝÁ: §ºë ³Ýã³÷ áõñ³Ë »Ù ѳ۳ëï³ÝÛ³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï ѳٳ·áñͳÏóáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ, ù³ÝÇ áñ ³ÛëåÇëáí Ù»Ýù û·ÝáõÙ »Ýù ³å³Ñáí»É

Ñëï³Ï ³ËïáñáßáõÙ ¨ ³ñ¹Ûáõݳí»ï μáõÅáõÙª Ñ³Û ù³Õ³ù³óÇÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ¶³ÕïÝÇù ã¿, áñ ×Çßï ³ËïáñáßáõÙÝ ³ñ¹Ûáõݳí»ï μáõÅÙ³Ý μ³Ý³ÉÇÝ ¿: àõñ³ËáõÃÛ³Ùμ å»ïù ¿ Ýß»Ù, áñ ïå³íáñí³Í »Ù г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ ÝÙ³Ý áñ³ÏÛ³É ï»ËÝÇϳÛÇ ³éϳÛáõÃÛ³Ý ÷³ëïáí, ÑáõÛë áõÝ»Ù, áñ ѻﳷ³ ѳٳ·áñͳÏóáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÏÉÇÝÇ ³é³í»É ³ñ·³ë³μ»ñ¦,-³ë³ó ê³ïáßÇ òáõݳϳí³Ý: ä³ïíÇñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³½ÙáõÙ ¿ÇÝ Ý³¨ ÝáõÛÝ ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÛ³Ý ÷áËݳ˳·³Ñ âÇϳá γÙÇçÇÙ³Ý, ØáëÏí³ÛÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ ×³é³·³ÛóÛÇÝ ³ËïáñáßÙ³Ý ³ÙμÇáÝÇ åñáý»ëáñ, ׳鳷³ÛóÛÇÝ ³ËïáñáßÙ³Ý éáõë³Ï³Ý ¿É»ÏïñáݳÛÇÝ ³Ùë³·ñÇ ÷áËËÙμ³·Çñ èáõëï³Ù ´³ËïÇá½ÇÝÁ ¨ ³ÛÉù: ÐÛáõñ»ñÇ ³é³çÇÝ Ñ³Ý¹ÇåáõÙÁ ºä´Ð ջϳí³ñ ϳ½ÙÇ Ñ»ï ¿ñª é»ÏïáñÇ ¨ ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÇ ·Íáí åñáé»ÏïáñÇ ·É˳íáñáõÃÛ³Ùμ: ÀÝÏ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ó»éݳÙáõË ¿ áã ÙdzÛÝ áñ³ÏÛ³É ï»ËÝÇϳÛÇ ³ñï³¹ñÙ³Ý, Ù³ï³Ï³ñ³ñÙ³Ý, ³ÛÉ Ý³¨ μÅÇßÏ׳鳷³Ûóμ³ÝÝ»ñÇÝ ï»ËÝÇϳÛÇÝ ³ÙμáÕçáõÃÛ³Ùμ ͳÝáóóÝ»Éáõ,

í»ñ³å³ïñ³ëï»Éáõ ¨ áõëáõóÙ³Ý Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåÙ³Ý ·áñÍáõÙ, ³ÛÝ Ùßï³å»ë »Õ»É ¿ ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý Íñ³·ñ»ñÇ ³ÏïÇí ݳ˳ӻéÝáÕ: ºä´Ð ³ß˳ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñÁ å³ïíÇñ³ÏáõÃÛ³ÝÝ áõÕÕáñ¹»óÇÝ Í³ÝáóݳÉáõ ºä´Ð ÁݹѳÝáõñ ¨ ÇÝí³½Çí ëñï³μ³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ÏÉÇÝÇϳÛÇÝ, áñÝ ³ÏïÇí ѳٳ·áñͳÏóáõÙ ¿ Â. æ»ý»ñëáÝÇ ³Ýí³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇ áõÉïñ³Ó³ÛݳÛÇÝ ÇÝëïÇïáõïÇ Ñ»ï, ¨ åñáý»ëáñ ÐÙ³Û³Ï êÇë³ÏÛ³ÝÁ Ý»ñϳ۳óñ»ó ÏÉÇÝÇϳÛÇ Ó»éùμ»ñáõÙÝ»ñÁ, ï»ËÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³·»óí³ÍáõÃÛáõÝÁ: Þñç³ÛóÇ ÁÝóóùáõÙ Ëáëí»ó ݳ¨ ºä´Ð é³½Ù³Ï³Ý μÅßÏáõÃÛ³Ý ý³ÏáõÉï»ïÇ ¨ ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý μ³Ý³ÏÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ ¹ñ³ ϳñ¨áñáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ: ä³ïíÇñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÇÝ ÁݹáõÝ»ó ݳ¨ ÐÐ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñ ²ñÙ»Ý Øáõñ³¹Û³ÝÁ: гݹÇåÙ³Ý ÁÝóóùáõÙ ùÝݳñÏí»óÇÝ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý áÉáñ-ïáõ٠ѳٳ·áñͳÏóáõÃÛ³Ý ÁݹɳÛÝÙ³Ý Ñ³ñó»ñ: ÐÛáõñ»ñÁ ݳ˳ñ³ñÇÝ Ý»ñϳ۳óñÇÝ Çñ»Ýó ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñï³¹ñ³ÝùÇ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ, μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ë³ñù³íáñáõÙÝ»ñÇ ³é³í»ÉáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ: ØÇ³Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ³Ý¹ñ³¹³ñÓ Ï³ï³ñí»ó ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý, í»ñ³ñï³¹ñáÕ³Ï³Ý ³éáÕçáõÃÛ³Ý, ³ÛÉ áÉáñïÝ»ñáõÙ Ýáñ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï³Ï³Ý Íñ³·ñ»ñÇ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÙ³ÝÁ: §îáßÇ쳦 ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÛ³Ý å³ïíÇñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ïå³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÝ ³ÛóÇó ÙdzÛÝ ¹ñ³Ï³Ý ¿ÇÝ, Ýñ³Ýù Ù»Í ÑdzóÙáõÝùáí ¨ ïå³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáí Ñ»é³ó³Ý Ù»ñ »ñÏñÇóª íëï³ÑáõÃÛáõÝ Ñ³ÛïÝ»Éáí, áñ ѳٳ·áñͳÏóáõÃÛáõÝÁ г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ñ»ï ÏÉÇÝÇ ³é³í»É ÇÝï»ÝëÇí ¨ ß³ñáõݳϳϳÝ:

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

9

ÐáõÉÇëÇ 2-4-Á г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ Ïϳ۳ݳ 4-ñ¹ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³·áõÙ³ñÁ 2001-Çó ëÏë³Íª г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõÃÛ³Ý ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ Ð³Û μÅÇßÏÝ»ñÇ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ÏáÙÇï»Ç (AMIC) ÙÇç¨ å³Ûٳݳíáñí³ÍáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ Ó»éù μ»ñí»É Ñ³Û μÅÇßÏÝ»ñÇ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Ñ³Ù³·áõÙ³ñÝ ³ÝóϳóÝ»É Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ ¨ ë÷ÛáõéùáõÙª ѳٳå³ï³ë˳ݳμ³ñ »ñÏáõ ï³ñÇÝ Ù»Ï: Àݹ áñáõÙª Ù³Ûñ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùáõ٠г۳ëï³ÝÇ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³·áõÙ³ñ ¨ ë÷ÛáõéùáõÙª Ñ³Û μÅÇßÏÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ß˳ñѳÛÇÝ ÏáÝ·ñ»ë Ó¨³ã³÷»ñáí: гٳ·áõÙ³ñÇ Ýå³ï³ÏÝ ¿ ß³ñáõݳϳμ³ñ ½³ñ·³óÝ»É ³ß˳ñѳë÷Ûáõé Ñ³Û μÅÇßÏÝ»ñÇ Ï³åÁ ¨ ѳٳ·áñͳÏóáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ùÝݳñÏ»É μÅßϳ·Çï³Ï³Ý, ·áñÍÝ³Ï³Ý μÅßÏáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³ñ¨áñ³·áõÛÝ Ñ³ñó»ñÁ, ÷áË³Ý³Ï»É ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý Å³Ù³Ý³Ï³ÏÇó ËݹÇñÝ»ñÇ ³éáõÙáí Ïáõï³Ïí³Í ÷áñÓÁ ¨ ·Çï³Ï³Ý Ýí³×áõÙÝ»ñÁª Ýå³ëï»Éáí μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý û·ÝáõÃÛ³Ý áñ³Ï³Ï³Ý μ³ñ»É³íÙ³ÝÁ Ù³Ûñ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùáõÙ ¨ ²ñó³ËáõÙ: 4-ñ¹ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³·áõÙ³ñÇ ßñç³Ý³Ïáõ٠ɳÛÝ ùÝݳñÏÙ³Ý ³é³ñϳ Ϲ³éݳ ëñï³μ³Ý³Ï³Ý ͳé³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÁ: §êñï³μ³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý »ñ»ù áõÕÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáí Ù³ëݳÏóáõÃÛ³Ý ³Ù»Ý³Ù»Í ³ÏïÇíáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿ ϳÝ˳ï»ëíáõÙ:

ºÃ» ÙÛáõë áÉáñïÝ»ñáõÙ ë³Ã»ÉÇï³ÛÇÝ ëÇÙåá½ÇáõÙÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ ѳïϳóí³Í ¿ Ù»Ï ûñ, ³å³ ëñï³μ³ÝáõÃÛ³ÝÁ ÝíÇñí³Í »ñ»ù ÙÇçáó³éáõÙ ï»ÕÇ Ïáõݻݳ¦,-Ýß»ó ѳٳ·áõÙ³ñÇ Ý³Ë³·³Ñ ²ñ³ ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ: гٳ·áõÙ³ñÇ Ï³½ÙÏáÙÇï»Ý ï»Õ»Ï³óÝáõÙ ¿, áñ ÑáõÉÇëÇ 2-ÇÝ Ý³Ë³ï»ëí³Í »Ý åɻݳñ ½»ÏáõÛóÝ»ñª ÝíÇñí³Í ÇÝí³½Çí ëñï³μ³ÝáõÃÛ³ÝÁ, ÑáõÉÇëÇ 3-ÇÝ Ù³ëݳ·»ïÝ»ñÁ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÁ Ïß³ñáõÝ³Ï»Ý §Üáñù سñ³ß¦ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝáõÙ, ÇëÏ ÑáõÉÇëÇ 4-ÇÝ ºñ¨³ÝÇ ØËÇóñ лñ³óáõ ³Ýí³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝáõÙ ³Ý¹ñ³¹³ñÓ Ïϳï³ñíÇ ÏáÝë»ñí³ïÇí ëñï³μ³ÝáõÃÛ³ÝÁ: êñï³μ³ÝáõÃÛ³ÝÁ ÝíÇñí³Í ÝÙ³Ý ÁݹɳÛÝí³Í ùÝݳñÏáõ٠ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñå»Éáõ ݳ˳ӻéÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ å³ïϳÝáõÙ ¿ èáõë³ëï³ÝÇ ¸³ßÝáõÃÛ³Ý μÅßϳ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý ³Ï³¹»ÙdzÛÇ ².´³ÏáõÉ¨Ç ³Ýí³Ý ëñï³ÝáóÛÇÝ íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ·Çï³Ï³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝÇ é»Ýï·»Ý-Ý»ñ³ÝáóÛÇÝ ³ËïáñáßÙ³Ý ¨ μáõÅÙ³Ý μ³ÅÝÇ Õ»Ï³í³ñ, èáõë³ëï³ÝÇ ¸³ßÝáõÃÛ³Ý μÅßϳ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý ³Ï³¹»ÙdzÛÇ ÇëÏ³Ï³Ý ³Ý¹³Ù, åñáý»ëáñ ´³·ñ³ï ²É»ùÛ³ÝÇÝ: ܳ ³Ù»Ý ï³ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ËμáõÙ ¿ ëñï³μ³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý áÉáñïÇ ³é³ç³ï³ñ Ù³ëݳ·»ïÝ»ñÇÝ ØáëÏí³ÛáõÙ, ¨ Ñ»Ýó Ýñ³ ³é³ç³ñÏáí ³Ûë Ù³ëݳ·»ïÝ»ñÝ ³Ûë ï³ñÇ ÏÅ³Ù³Ý»Ý Ð³Û³ëï³Ý ¨ Ñ³Û ·áñÍÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï ÏùÝݳñÏ»Ý Ù³ëݳ·Çï³Ï³Ý ÙÇ ß³ñù ѳñó»ñ:

²ìºÈÆ àõÄºÔ Ð²Ú²êî²Ü ºíñáå³ÛÇ ÅáÕáíñ¹³Ï³Ý Ïáõë³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ý »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹³Ï³Ý ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÁ ºíñáå³ÛÇ ³Ù»Ý³Ù»Í »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹³Ï³Ý ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿: ²ÛÝ Ñ³Ù³ËÙμáõÙ ¿ »íñáå³Ï³Ý Ùáï 40 »ñÏñÇ 57 ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý Ïáõë³ÏóáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ³í»ÉÇ ù³Ý 1.6 ÙÇÉÇáÝ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Ý»ñÇ: ºñ»ù ï³ñí³ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÁ ïí»ó Çñ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùÁª ºÄÎ 10-ñ¹ ѳٳ·áõÙ³ñáõ٠г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ñ³Ýñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý Ïáõë³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ý »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹³Ï³Ý ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÙdzӳÛÝ ÁÝïñí»ó »íñáå³Ï³Ý ³Ù»Ý³Ù»Í ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛ³Ý ³Ý¹³Ù: ÞÝáñѳíáñáõÙ »Ýù ³Û¹ ϳéáõÛóÇ μáÉáñ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÇÝ: سÛÇëÇ 14-16-Á äáñïáõ·³ÉdzÛáõÙ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³Í ºíñáå³ÛÇ ÅáÕáíñ¹³Ï³Ý Ïáõë³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ý »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹³Ï³Ý ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛ³Ý 10ñ¹ ѳٳ·áõÙ³ñáõÙ ÁݹáõÝí»ó ѳۻñÇ, åáÝïáëóÇ ÑáõÛÝ»ñÇ, ³ëáñÇÝ»ñÇ ó»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ ׳ݳãáÕ ¨ ¹³ï³å³ñïáÕ μ³Ý³Ó¨: ö³ëï³ÃÕÃáõÙ Ù³ëݳíáñ³å»ë ÝßíáõÙ ¿ñ. §ºíñáå³ÛÇ ÅáÕáíñ¹³Ï³Ý Ïáõë³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ý »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹³Ï³Ý èÁ Ïáã ¿ ³ÝáõÙ »íñáå³Ï³Ý ÙÇáõÃÛ³Ý, »íñáå³Ï³Ý ËáñÑñ¹Ç ³Ý¹³Ù-å»ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇÝ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇݪ ׳ݳã»É ¨ í»ñ³Ï³Ý·Ý»É å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý Çñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁª Ç ÑÇß³ï³Ï ѳÛáó, åáÝïáëóÇ ÑáõÛÝ»ñÇ ¨ ³ëáñÇÝ»ñÇ ó»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ½áÑ»ñÇ: ´áÉáñ ߳ѳ·ñ·Çé ÏáÕÙ»ñÁ ׳ݳãáõÙ »Ý ³Ûë ó»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ ¨ ³åñÇÉÇ 24-Ý ÁݹáõÝáõÙ »Ý áñå»ë гÛáó ó»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý, ÇëÏ Ù³ÛÇëÇ 19-Áª åáÝïáëóÇ ÑáõÛÝ»ñÇ ó»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ÑÇß³ï³ÏÇ ûñ»ñ¦: ºÎ 10-ñ¹ ѳٳ·áõÙ³ñÇÝ Ù³ëݳÏóáõÙ ¿ÇÝ 40 »ñÏñÇ ³í»ÉÇ ù³Ý 250 »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹ ³é³çÝáñ¹Ý»ñ, ³Û¹ ÃíáõÙª ÐÐÎ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹³Ï³Ý ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛ³Ý å³ïíÇñ³ÏÝ»ñÁª ϳéáõÛóÇ Ý³Ë³·³Ñ γñ»Ý ²í³·Û³ÝÇ Õ»Ï³í³ñáõÃÛ³Ùμ: §²í»ÉÇ áõÅ»Õ ºíñáå³ ÷á÷áËíáÕ ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ¦ Ëáñ³·ñáí ÁÝóóáÕ ºÄÎ 10-ñ¹ ѳٳ·áõÙ³ñáõÙ áõß³¹ñáõÃÛ³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝáõÙ ¿ÇÝ Ý³¨ ³ß˳ñÑÇ ·Éáμ³É ÇñáÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÝ áõ Ù³ñï³Ññ³í»ñÝ»ñÁ:

10

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

²èàÔæ ²äðºÈ²ÎºðäÆ ø²ð༠²ðò²ÊàõØ ÐÐÎ ºÎ ¨ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ áõë³ÝáÕ³Ï³Ý ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÁ ³Ûó»É»óÇÝ êï»÷³Ý³Ï»ñï` μ³ñÓñ³óÝ»Éáõ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ ¨ ¹»é³Ñ³ëÝ»ñÇ ï»Õ»Ï³ïíáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³Ï³ñ¹³ÏÁ ³éáÕç ³åñ»É³Ï»ñåÇ í»ñ³μ»ñÛ³É: Ìñ³·ñÇ Ýå³ï³ÏÝ ¿ñ ¹åñáóÝ»ñÇ áõëáõóÇãÝ»ñÇÝ ëáíáñ»óÝ»É ³é³çÇÝ μáõÅû·ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ³Ù»Ý³³ÝÑñ³Å»ßï ¹ñáõÛÃÝ»ñÁ, ϳï³ñ»É »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ μáõŽÝÝáõÙ ¨ ϳñÇ»ëÇ åñáýÇɳÏïÇϳ: Ìñ³·ñÇ ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÙ ¹åñáó³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÁ ¨ Ù³Ýϳï³Ý ë³Ý»ñÁ μ³Å³Ýí»óÇÝ ï³ñÇù³ÛÇÝ ËÙμ»ñÇ` ¹³ëÁÝóóÝ»ñÇ û·ï³í»ïáõÃÛ³Ý ³é³í»É³·áõÛÝ Ñݳñ³íáñ óáõó³ÝÇßÝ ³å³Ñáí»Éáõ ѳٳñ: ²Ýóϳóí»óÇÝ Ï³ñ× Ã»ëï³ÛÇÝ Ñ³ñóáõÙÝ»ñ ¹³ëÁÝóóÇ ëϽμáõÙ ¨ ³í³ñïÇÝ` ¹³ëÁÝóóÝ»ñÇ û·ï³í»ïáõÃ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ íÇ׳ϳ·ñ³Ï³Ý ïíÛ³ÉÝ»ñ ëï³Ý³Éáõ Ýå³ï³Ïáí: Ìñ³·ñÇÝ Ù³ëݳÏóáõÙ ¿ÇÝ Ý³¨ ÙÇ ËáõÙμ ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý ûñ¹ÇݳïáñÝ»ñ, áíù»ñ ϳï³ñ»óÇÝ ¹åñáó³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇ ¨ Ù³Ýϳï³Ý ë³Ý»ñÇ μáõŽÝÝáõÙ:

ÞÜàðвìàðàõØ ºÜø

ä²ð¶ºì²îðìºò ÐÐ ²Ü ¶Èʲìàð ä²Â²Ü²îàØ, äðàüºêàð ܺÈÈÆ ÊàêîÆÎÚ²ÜÀ г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõÃÛ³Ý ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·áõÙ »ñϳñ³ï¨, ³Ýμ³ëÇñ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ μÅßϳ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý ¨ ϳ¹ñ»ñÇ å³ïñ³ëïÙ³Ý ·áñÍáõÙ Ý»ñ¹ñ³Í ·Ý³Ñ³ï»ÉÇ ³í³Ý¹Ç ѳٳñ ºñ¨³ÝÇ ØËÇóñ лñ³óáõ ³Ýí³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ ³Ëï³μ³Ý³Ï³Ý ³Ý³ïáÙdzÛÇ ¨ ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý ÙáñýáÉá·Ç³ÛÇ ³ÙμÇáÝÇ í³ñÇã, ÐÐ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ·É˳íáñ å³Ã³Ý³ïáÙ, åñáý»ëáñ Ü»ÉÉÇ ÊáëïÇÏÛ³ÝÁ å³ñ·¨³ïñí»ó ÐÐ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛ³Ý å³ïíá·ñáí: ÞÝáñѳíáñ»Éáí Ü»ÉÉÇ ÊáëïÇÏÛ³ÝÇݪ ÐÐ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñ ²ñÙ»Ý Øáõñ³¹Û³ÝÁ Ýß»ó. §²ÏÝϳÉáõÙ »Ýù, áñ »ñϳñ ³ß˳ï»ù Ù»ñ ÏáÕùÇÝ, »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Ý»ñÁ, áñáÝó áõëáõó³ÝáõÙ »ù, áõÝ»Ý³Ý ³ÛÝ áõÕ»ÝÇß»ñÁ, áñáÝù ï³ÝáõÙ »Ý μ³ó³ñÓ³Ï ³ñÑ»ëï³í³ñÅáõÃÛ³Ý` ³Ý³ã³é í»ñÉáõÍ»Éáí ¹»åù»ñÁ¦:

ºí ÑÝã»ó í»ñçÇÝ ½³Ý·Á Ø»Ï ½³Ý·áí ³í³ñïíáõÙ ¿ Ù³ÝÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ, áñÝ ³ÛÝù³Ý ù³ÕóñáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ñ Çñ Ù»ç å³ÑáõÙ: ²Ûë ½³Ý·Á ѳëáõÝ Ù³ñ¹ ¹³ñÓñ»ó Ó»½, áíù»ñ å³ïñ³ëïíáõÙ »Ý ÏÛ³Ýù ÙïÝ»É: àãÇÝã Ñ»ßï ã¿ ÏÛ³ÝùáõÙ, ¨ áãÇÝã ³é³Ýó ¹Åí³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ãÇ ïñíáõÙ Ù»½: ÞÝáñѳíáñáõÙ »Ýù μáÉáñ ßñç³Ý³í³ñïÝ»ñÇÝ, áíù»ñ í»ñçÇÝ ½³Ý·áí áïù ¹ñ»óÇÝ ÙÇ áõñÇß ³ß˳ñÑ: سÕÃáõÙ »Ýù Ýáñ³Ýáñ ѳçáÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñª Ýáñ ÏÛ³ÝùÇ »ñϳñ áõ áã ³ÛÝù³Ý ¹ÛáõñÇÝ ×³Ý³å³ñÑÇÝ: ºÕ»ù ѳçáÕ³Ï, ëÇñ»ÉÇ ßñç³Ý³í³ñïÝ»ñ: §²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞΦ ÎñÏÇÝ áõëáõÙÝ³Ï³Ý ï³ñ»í»ñç ¨ ÏñÏÇÝ Ñ»ñÃ³Ï³Ý Ñ³×»ÉÇ »éáõ½»é. §Ð»ñ³óǦ ³í³· ¹åñáóÇ ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñÁ í»ñçÇÝ ½³Ý·Ç Çñ»Ýó ѳݹÇëáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿ÇÝ ³ÝóϳóÝáõÙ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ Ù»Í Ñ³Ý¹Çë³ëñ³ÑáõÙ: ²ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñÇÝ Ñ³Ý¹Çë³íáñ ûñí³ Ï³å³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùμ áÕçáõÝ»ó ¨ ßÝáñѳíáñ»ó §Ð»ñ³óǦ ³í³· ¹åñáóÇ ïÝûñ»Ý ܳñÇÝ» ê³ñ·ëÛ³ÝÁ, áí »ñ³½³ÝùÝ»ñÇ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óáõÙ Ù³Õûó ßñç³Ý³í³ñïÝ»ñÇÝ ¨ ˳ճÕáõÃÛáõݪ ³ß˳ñÑÇÝ:

ܳ ÁÝûñó»ó ÐÐ ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñ ²ñÙ»Ý ²ßáïÛ³ÝÇ ßÝáñѳíáñ³Ï³Ý áõÕ»ñÓÁª ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñÇÝ ÷á˳Ýó»Éáí Ýñ³ μ³ñ»Ù³ÕóÝùÝ»ñÁ: Þñç³Ý³í³ñïÝ»ñÇÝ, Ýñ³Ýó ÍÝáÕÝ»ñÇÝ ¨ ¹åñáóÇ áõëáõóã³Ï³Ý ³ÝÓݳϳ½ÙÇÝ ßÝáñѳíáñ»ó ݳ¨ ºä´Ð é»Ïïáñ ØÇù³Û»É ܳñÇÙ³ÝÛ³ÝÁ: §ÞÝáñѳíáñáõÙ »Ù μáÉáñǹ ³Ûë ·»Õ»óÇÏ ûñí³ ³éÇÃáí ¨ Ù³ÕÃáõÙ »Ù ³Ù»Ý³ÛÝ μ³ñÇù: ²Ûëûñ ÑÝã»ó ¹åñáó³Ï³Ý í»ñçÇÝ ½³Ý·Á, ¨ ßáõïáí ³ÛÉ ½³Ý·»ñ ÏÑÝã»Ý Ó»½ ѳٳñ, áñáÝù å»ïù ¿ ϳñáճݳù ×Çßï û·ï³·áñÍ»É: ºë ËáëáõÙ »Ù Ó»ñ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý ÁÝïñáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ, ¨ ѳïϳå»ëª §μÅÇßϦ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý: ¸áõù å»ïù ¿ íëï³Ñ ÉÇÝ»ù Ó»ñ ÁÝïñáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç, å»ïù ¿ ɳí ëáíáñ»ù, ¹³éݳù ÇëÏ³Ï³Ý Ù³ëݳ·»ïÝ»ñª Ù»½ ÷á˳ñÇÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ¦,-ϳñ¨áñ»ó ØÇù³Û»É ܳñÇÙ³ÝÛ³ÝÁ: ²ÛÝáõÑ»ï¨ Çñ »ÉáõÛÃáí ßñç³Ý³í³ñïÝ»ñÇÝ áÕçáõÝ»ó μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ ³Ï³¹»ÙÇ³Ï³Ý »ñ·ã³ËáõÙμÁ, áñÇÝ Ñ³çáñ¹»óÇÝ ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó å³ïñ³ëï³Í »ñ³Åßï³Ï³Ý ¨ ÑáõÙáñ³ÛÇÝ ·»Õ»óÇÏ Ñ³Ù³ñÝ»ñÁ:

²ä²¶² ²ä ä ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

11

гßí»ïáõ ·Çï³ÅáÕáí

§î»Õ³·ñ³Ï³Ý ³Ý³ïáÙdz »õ ûå»ñ³ïÇí íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛáõݦ ³é³ñϳÛÇ ¹»ñÁ ųٳݳϳÏÇó íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç гßíÇ ³éÝ»Éáí μ³ñÓñ³·áõÛÝ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·áõÙ ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý Å³Ù³Ý³Ï³ÏÇó ÙÇïáõÙÝ»ñÁ, μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ï³¹ñ»ñÇ áñ³ÏÇ ÝϳïÙ³Ùμ å³Ñ³ÝçÝ»ñÇ Ù»Í³óáõÙÁ` Ù»½³ÝáõÙ ³é³í»É ϳñ¨áñíáõÙ »Ý áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ áõëáõÙݳѻﳽáï³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇ (àõàõв) μ³ÕϳóáõóÇã Ù³ë»ñÁ` ï»ë³Ï³Ý ·Çï»ÉÇùÝ»ñÇ ³Ù÷á÷áõÙ é»ý»ñ³ïÇí ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÇ ï»ëùáí ¨ ·áñÍÝ³Ï³Ý ÑÙïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ áõëáõóáõÙª ѳïϳå»ë ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý ³é³ñϳݻñÇ ·Íáí: سëݳíáñ³å»ëª ´àõÐ-Ç ï»Õ³·ñ³Ï³Ý ³Ý³ïáÙdzÛÇ ¨ ûå»ñ³ïÇí íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ³ÙμÇáÝáõÙ ï»ë³Ï³Ý ·Çï»ÉÇùÝ»ñÇ Ûáõñ³óÙ³Ý Ñ»ï ѳٳï»Õ, ϳñ¨áñíáõÙ ¿ ·áñÍÝ³Ï³Ý ÑÙïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ó»éù μ»ñáõÙÁ: ²Û¹ Ýå³ï³Ïáí ³ÙμÇáÝáõÙ ·áñÍáõÙ ¿ г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ ÙÇ³Ï áõëáõÙݳ÷áñÓ³ñ³ñ³Ï³Ý íÇñ³ëñ³ÑÁ, áñï»Õ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÝ Çñ»Ýó ջϳí³ñÝ»ñÇ û·ÝáõÃÛ³Ùμ ϳï³ñáõÙ »Ý íÇñ³Ñ³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ, Ó»éù μ»ñáõÙ íÇñ³μáõÅ³Ï³Ý ï»ËÝÇϳÛÇ û·ï³·áñÍÙ³Ý ·áñÍÝ³Ï³Ý ÑÙïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ áñáß³ÏÇ Í³í³É: ÆÝãå»ë ݳ¨, Áëï í»ñçÇÝ ùë³Ý ï³ñÇÝ»ñÇ ÁÝóóùáõÙ Ó¨³íáñí³Í ³í³Ý¹áõÛÃǪ ϳ½Ù³íáñíáõÙ ¿ áõë³ÝáÕ³Ï³Ý ·Çï³Ï³Ý ËÙμ³Ï, ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåíáõÙ »Ý áõëáõÙݳ·Çï³Ï³Ý ÏáÝý»ñ³ÝëÝ»ñ, áñáÝù ³ÙμÇáÝÇ áõëáõÙݳٻÃá¹³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇ ³Ýμ³Å³Ý»ÉÇ Ù³ëÝ »Ý ϳ½ÙáõÙ: ¶Çï³Ï³Ý ËÙμ³ÏÇ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÇÝ Ù³ëݳÏó»ÉÁ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇÝ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ ÁÝÓ»éáõÙ ëáíáñ»É ѻﳽáïíáÕ ÝÛáõÃáõÙ ¹ñáõÛÃÝ»ñ ³é³ÝÓݳóÝ»É, ¹ñ³Ýù Ïñ׳ï Ó¨³Ï»ñå»É, í³ñ»É ï»ùëï³ÛÇÝ Ñ³Ù³éáïáõÙÝ»ñ, ѻﳽáïíáÕ ³ÕμÛáõñÝ»ñáõ٠ѳٻٳï»É ï³ñμ»ñ ¹ñáõÛÃÝ»ñ, é»ý»ñ³ïÇ Ó¨áí Ý»ñϳ۳óÝ»É áõëáõÙݳëÇñíáÕ ·ñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ: ²Ûë ³Ù»ÝÁ Ýå³ëïáõÙ ¿ ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý Ùï³Í»É³Ï»ñåÇ Ó¨³íáñÙ³ÝÁ: л勉μ³ñ, áõë³ÝáÕÇ ³ÏïÇí Ý»ñ·ñ³íí³ÍáõÃÛáõÝÁ áõëáõÙݳѻﳽáï³Ï³Ý ·áñÍÁÝóóáõÙ, Ýñ³ ÇÝùÝáõñáõÛÝ û·ïí»ÉÁ ٻͳͳí³É ·ñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÇó Ùß³ÏáõÙ »Ý ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý Ùï³Í»É³Ï»ñå ¨ ëï»ÕÍáõÙ ³ÛÝ ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßï ÑÇÙùÁ, áñÁ å»ïù ¿ ³å³·³ μÅÇßÏÇ μ»ÕÙݳíáñ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ:

12

2014-15 áõëáõÙÝ³Ï³Ý ï³ñí³ ÁÝóóùáõÙ í»ñáÝßÛ³É ³ÙμÇáÝÇ áõë³ÝáÕ³Ï³Ý ·Çï³Ï³Ý ËÙμ³ÏÇ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÁª ÁݹѳÝáõñ μÅßÏáõÃÛ³Ý ý³ÏáõÉï»ïÇ »ññáñ¹ ÏáõñëÇ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÁ, Ûáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñ ß³μ³Ã ûñ 9-ñ¹ Éë³ñ³Ýáõ٠ѳݹ»ë »Ý »Ï»É é»ý»ñ³ïÇí ½»ÏáõÛóÝ»ñáíª ³ÙμÇáÝÇ í³ñÇã, åñáý»ëáñ ê.È. úñ¹áõÛ³ÝÇ, áõëáõÙÝ³Ï³Ý Ù³ëÇ í³ñÇã, ¹áó»Ýï ¶.ü. ²í»ïÇëÛ³ÝÇ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ ³ÙμÇáÝÇ ¹³ë³ËáëÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëݳÏóáõÃÛ³Ùμ: ²Ûë ï³ñÇ ËÙμ³ÏÇ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëݳÏÇóÝ»ñÁ ѳٳÉñ»óÇÝ é»ý»ñ³ïÇí ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÇ ó³ÝÏÁ Ùáï 40 Ýáñ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñáí, áñáÝù ÝíÇñí³Í ¿ÇÝ §î»Õ³·ñ³Ï³Ý ³Ý³ïáÙdz ¨ ûå»ñ³ïÇí íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛáõݦ ³é³ñϳÛÇ ¹»ñÇݪ ųٳݳϳÏÇó íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñ¹Ç ËݹÇñÝ»ñÇ Ù»ç: ÀÝïñí³Í ï³ë É³í³·áõÛÝ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÁ Ý»ñϳ۳óí»óÇÝ ³ÙμÇáÝÇ ¨ áõë³ÝáÕ³Ï³Ý ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ ÏáÕÙÇó ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåí³Í ï³ñ»í»ñçǪ ³ñ¹»Ý ³í³Ý¹áõÛà ¹³ñÓ³Í ·Çï³Ï³Ý ³Ù÷á÷Çã ÏáÝý»ñ³ÝëáõÙ: гßíÇ ³éÝ»Éáí ÏáÝý»ñ³ÝëÇ ÙñóáõóÛÇÝ μÝáõÛÃÁª ÐÐ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý áÉáñïÇ ³é³ç³ï³ñ Ù³ëݳ·»ïÝ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó ëï»ÕÍí»ó ÙñóáõóÛÇÝ Ñ³ÝÓݳÅáÕáí: гÝÓݳÅáÕáíÁ ݳ˳·³ÑáõÙ ¿ñ íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ÃÇí 4 ³ÙμÇáÝÇ í³ñÇã åñáý»ëáñ Ø.Ø. ØÇñÇç³ÝÛ³ÝÁ: гÝÓݳÅáÕáíÇ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÝ ¿Çݪ ÙÇÏñáíÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ³ÙμÇáÝÇ í³ñÇã ².´. ê³Ñ³ÏÛ³ÝÁ, ëÇñï³ÝáóÛÇÝ íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ³ÙμÇáÝÇ í³ñÇã î.È. êáõÉóÝÛ³ÝÁ, ÝÛ³ñ¹³íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ³ÙμÇáÝÇ í³ñÇã, åñáý»ëáñ è.ì. ü³Ý³ñçÛ³ÝÁ, ï»Õ³·ñ³Ï³Ý ³Ý³ïáÙdzÛÇ ¨ ûå»ñ³ïÇí íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ³ÙμÇáÝÇ í³ñÇã, åñáý»ëáñ ê. È. úñ¹áõÛ³ÝÁ: Ü»ñϳ۳óí³Í ï³ëÝÛ³ÏÇó ѳÝÓݳÅáÕáíÇ ÏáÕ-ÙÇó ÁÝïñí»óÇÝ É³í³·áõÛÝ »ñ»ù ½»ÏáõÛóÝ»ñÁ: Øñó³Ý³Ï³ÏÇñÝ»ñ ѳٳñí»óÇÝ Â³Ù³ñ³ гñáõÃÛáõÝÛ³ÝÁ (§êñïÇ ÷áËå³ïí³ëïáõÙ¦), ²Ýݳ Âá÷ɳճÉóÛ³ÝÁ (§ìÇñ³Ñ³ï³Ï³Ý ɳûñÇ ¹»ñÁ é»ÏáÝëïñáõÏïÇí íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý áÉáñïáõÙ¦), гÛÏáõÑÇ Ð³ñáõÃÛáõÝÛ³ÝÁ (§¸ÇÙ³ÛÇÝ ÝÛ³ñ¹Ç ³Ëï³Ñ³ñáõÙÝ»ñÇ μáõÅÙ³Ý íÇñ³Ñ³ï³Ï³Ý »Õ³Ý³ÏÝ»ñÁ¦):

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

ºä´Ð-áõÙ Ù»ÏݳñÏ»ó §øÇÙdz¦ ³é³ñϳÛÇ ¹åñáó³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇ Ù»Ý¹»É»»õÛ³Ý ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ 49-ñ¹ ûÉÇÙådz¹³Ý ػݹ»É»¨Û³Ý ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûÉÇÙådz¹³Ý ³Ù»Ý³ÙÛ³ Ùñó³ß³ñ ¿: úÉÇÙådz¹³Ý ³Ýí³Ýí»É ¿ Ç å³ïÇí éáõë Ù»Í ùÇÙÇÏáë ¸ÙÇïñÇ Ø»Ý¹»É»¨Ç: 1997-ÇÝ ºñ¨³ÝáõÙ ï»ÕÇ ¿ áõÝ»ó»É 31-ñ¹ ûÉÇÙådz¹³Ý, 2006-Çݪ 40-ñ¹Á: 1997-Çó ³é ³Ûëûñ Ù»ñ »ñÏñÇ Ù³ëݳÏÇóÝ»ñÁ í³ëï³Ï»É »Ý 27 Ù»¹³É, áñáÝóÇó 24-Áª μñáݽ», 2-Áª ³ñͳû ¨ 1-Á` áëÏ»: ²Ûë ï³ñÇ Ñ³Û³ëï³ÝÛ³Ý ÃÇÙÝ ûÉÇÙådz¹³ÛÇÝ Ý»ñϳ۳ó³í 10 Ù³ëݳÏóáí: ÄÛáõñÇÇ Ï³½ÙÁ μ³Õϳó³Í ¿ñ 32 ³Ý¹³ÙÇó, áñáÝóÇó 21-Ý ³ß˳ñÑÇ ï³ñμ»ñ »ñÏñÝ»ñÇó ¿ÇÝ, ÇëÏ 11-Áª г۳ëï³ÝÇó: سëݳÏÇó »ñÏñÝ»ñÝ ¿ÇÝ Ý³ËÏÇÝ ÊáñÑñ¹³ÛÇÝ ØÇáõÃÛ³Ý μáÉáñ »ñÏñÝ»ñÁ ¨ ê³áõ¹Û³Ý ²ñ³μdzÝ: ºñ¨³ÝÇ Ø.лñ³óáõ ³Ýí³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³Ýáõ٠ϳ۳ó³Í §øÇÙdz¦ ³é³ñϳÛÇ ¹åñáó³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇ Ù»Ý¹»É»¨Û³Ý ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ 49-ñ¹ ûÉÇÙådz¹³ÛÇ μ³óÙ³Ý Ñ³Ý¹Çë³íáñ ³ñ³ñáÕáõÃÛ³ÝÁ Ý»ñϳ ¿ñ ÐÐ ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñ ²ñÙ»Ý ²ßáïÛ³ÝÁ, áí »ñ»ù É»½áõÝ»ñáí áÕçáõÝ»Éáí ûÉÇÙådz¹³ÛÇ Ù³ëݳÏÇóÝ»ñÇÝ, Ýß»ó. §Ø»Ýù г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ Ù»Í áõß³¹ñáõÃÛáõÝ »Ýù ¹³ñÓÝáõÙ ³ß³Ï»ñï³Ï³Ý ûÉÇÙåÇ³Ï³Ý ß³ñÅÙ³ÝÁ: ä³ï³Ñ³Ï³Ý ã¿, áñ Ù»ñ ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñÁ Ùßï³å»ë Ùñó³Ý³ÏÝ»ñ ¨ Ù»¹³ÉÝ»ñ »Ý Ýí³×áõÙ ûÉÇÙådz¹³Ý»ñáõÙ: ´³Ûó Ù»Ýù ã»Ýù áõ½áõÙ ß³Ñ»É μáÉáñ ûÉÇÙåÇ³Ï³Ý Ù»¹³ÉÝ»ñÁ ºñ¨³ÝáõÙ, Ù»Ýù Ù³ÕÃáõÙ »Ýù μáÉáñ Ù³ëݳÏÇóÝ»ñÇÝ Ñ³çáÕáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ ó³ÝϳÝáõÙ »Ýù, áñ г۳ëï³ÝÇó ·Ý³ù ɳí ïå³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáí¦: ܳ˳ñ³ñÁ ݳ¨ ï»Õ»Ï³óñ»ó, áñ г۳ëï³ÝÁ »ññáñ¹ ³Ý·³Ù ¿ ÑÛáõñÁÝϳÉáõÙ ûÉÇÙådz¹³Ý. §²ÛÝ ³Ù»Ý³ÑÇÝ ûÉÇÙådz¹³Ý»ñÇó Ù»ÏÝ ¿, ¨ ß³ï áõñ³Ë »Ù, áñ г۳ëï³Ý »Ý Å³Ù³Ý»É 15 å³ïíÇñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ, ßáõñç 100 Ù³ëݳÏÇó ¨ 50 ·Çï³Ï³Ý ջϳí³ñ: ²ÝóÛ³É ï³ñÇ ØáëÏí³ÛáõÙ ³Ûë ûÉÇÙådz¹³ÛÇÝ ·ñ»Ã» ÝáõÛÝ Ù³ëݳÏóáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿ »Õ»É: سëݳÏÇóÝ»ñÇ ³ß˳ñѳ·ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿É ¿ ïå³íáñÇ㪠ê³áõ¹Û³Ý ²ñ³μdzÛÇó ÙÇÝ㨠ÐáõÝ·³ñdz: ºñÏñÝ»ñ »Ý Ù³ëݳÏóáõÙ, áñáÝù ѳ½í³¹»å »Ý г۳ëï³Ý ·³ÉÇë¦ ¨ ѳí»É»ó. §Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ ùÇÙÇ³Ï³Ý ÏñÃáõÃÛáõÝÝ, Çñ μáÉáñ ËݹÇñÝ»ñáí ѳݹ»ñÓ, μ³ñÓñ ٳϳñ¹³Ï áõÝÇ: Ø»Ýù Ù»ñ ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñÇó ëå³ë»ÉÇùÝ»ñ áõÝ»Ýù: سëݳÏÇóÝ»ñ Ï³Ý ¨° »ñ¨³ÝÛ³Ý, ¨° Ù³ñ½³ÛÇÝ ¹åñáóÝ»ñÇó¦: Êáëí»ó ݳ¨ ³ÛÝ Ù³ëÇÝ, áñ ѳ۳ëï³ÝÛ³Ý ÃÇÙÁ å³ïñ³ëï ¿ Ù³ëݳÏó»É ´³ùíáõ٠ϳ۳ݳÉÇù ùÇÙdzÛÇ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûÉÇÙådz¹³ÛÇÝ, áñÁ ϳÝóϳóíÇ ³Ùé³ÝÁ: ê³Ï³ÛÝ Ù³ëݳÏóáõÃÛáõÝÁ å³Ûٳݳíáñí³Í ¿ ѳ۳ëï³ÝÛ³Ý å³ïíÇñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ ݳ˳ï»ëíáÕ ³Ýíï³Ý·áõÃÛ³Ý »ñ³ßËÇùÝ»ñáí: ܳ˳ñ³ñÝ ³ë³ó, áñ ÙdzÛÝ å»ï³Ï³Ý ³Ýíï³Ý·áõÃÛ³Ý »ñ³ßËÇùÝ»ñ ëï³Ý³Éáõó Ñ»ïá Ù»ñ å³ïíÇñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÏÙ»ÏÝÇ ´³ùáõª Çñ ·É˳íáñáõÃÛ³Ùμ: úÉÇÙådz¹³ÛÇ Ù³ëݳÏÇóÝ»ñÇÝ áÕçáõÛÝÇ Ëáëù ÑÕ»ó ݳ¨ ºä´Ð é»Ïïáñ ØÇù³Û»É ܳñÇÙ³ÝÛ³ÝÁ, áí ϳñ¨áñ»ó §øÇÙdz¦ ³é³ñÏ³Ý Ñ³ïϳå»ë μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñª ³ë»Éáí. §Ø³ÕÃáõÙ »Ù Ó»½ ûÉÇÙåÇ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ý·ëïáõÃÛáõÝ, ѳÕóݳÏÇ Ñ³ëÝ»Éáõ Ù»Í Ï³Ùù, ѳçáÕáõÃÛáõÝ, ¨ ÙÇßï ÑÇß»ù, áñ ѳçáÕáõÃÛáõÝÁ ëÇñáõÙ ¿ å³ïñ³ëïí³ÍÝ»ñÇݦ: Ü»ñϳݻñÇÝ áÕçáõÝ»ó ¨ Ñ³çáÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ Ù³Õûó ݳ¨ ØáëÏí³ÛÇ ì. ÈáÙáÝáëáíÇ ³Ýí³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇ ùÇÙÇ³Ï³Ý ý³ÏáõÉï»ïÇ ¹»Ï³Ý ì³É»ñÇ ÈáõÝÇÝÁ: §øÇÙdz¦ ³é³ñϳÛÇ 49-ñ¹ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûÉÇÙådz¹³Ý ³Ýóϳóí»ó Þ³ÑÇÝÛ³ÝÇ ³Ýí³Ý ýǽÇϳٳûٳïÇÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ïáõÏ ¹åñáóáõÙ: úÉÇÙådz¹³ÛÇÝ Ù³ëݳÏó»Éáõ ѳٳñ г۳ëï³Ý ¿ÇÝ Å³Ù³Ý»É Ý³¨ ûÉÇÙådz¹³ÛÇ Ï³½ÙÏáÙÇï»Ç ѳٳݳ˳·³ÑÁ ¨ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÁª ØáëÏí³ÛÇ ÈáÙáÝáëáíÇ ³Ýí³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇ ùÇÙÇ³Ï³Ý ý³ÏáõÉï»ïÇ ¹»Ï³ÝÇ ï»Õ³Ï³ÉÁ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ ѳÛïÝÇ ³ÛÉ ·ÇïݳϳÝÝ»ñ:

§ºÂº âºØ βðàÔ ¼ºÜø ìºðòÜºÈ ºì ¶Ü²È ÆØ Ð²ÚðºÜÆøÀ ä²Þîä²ÜºÈàõ, ²ä² ºê äºîø ¾ ä²îð²êîºØ Ȳì زêܲ¶ºîܺ𦠺ñ¨³ÝáõÙ §øÇÙdz¦ ³é³ñϳÛÇ ¹åñáó³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇ Ù»Ý¹»É»¨Û³Ý ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûÉÇÙådz¹³ÛÇ Ï³Û³Ý³Éáõ ϳå³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùμ ÇÙ ÑÛáõñÝ ¿ñ ºä´Ð ¹»Õ³·Çï³Ï³Ý ý³ÏáõÉï»ïÇ ùÇÙdzÛÇ ³ÙμÇáÝÇ í³ñÇã, ÐÐ í³ëï³Ï³íáñ Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅ, ùÇÙdzÛÇ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Ù»Ý¹»É»¨Û³Ý ûÉÇÙådz¹³ÛÇ ÅÛáõñÇÇ Ñ³Ù³Ý³Ë³·³Ñ, ùÇÙdzÛÇ ûÉÇÙådz¹³ÛÇ Ñ³Ýñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý ѳÝÓݳÅáÕáíÇ Ý³Ë³·³Ñ, ¹áÏïáñ, åñáý»ëáñ Èǹ³ ê³Ñ³ÏÛ³ÝÁ: - ø³ÝÇ áñ Ù»°ñ ´àõÐ-áõÙ Ù»ÏݳñÏ»ó ûÉÇÙådz¹³Ý, ¨ ¹áõù ³ÝÙÇç³Ï³Ý ϳå áõÝ»ù ¹ñ³ Ñ»ï, Ý»ñϳ۳óñ»ù, Ëݹñ»Ù, Ó»ñ ³Ýó³Í áõÕÇÝ ³Ûë μݳ·³í³éáõÙ: - 1992-Çó »ë ջϳí³ñáõÙ »Ù ùÇÙdzÛÇ Ñ³Ýñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý ûÉÇÙådz¹³Ý, 2 ³Ý·³Ù »Õ»É »Ù ٻݹ»É»¨Û³Ý ³ÛÝ ûÉÇÙådz¹³Ý»ñÇ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ÅÛáõñÇÇ Ý³Ë³·³Ñ, áñáÝù ϳ۳ó»É »Ý ºñ¨³ÝáõÙ: ²Ûë ï³ñÇ, ÇÝãå»ë ³ñ¹»Ý ï»ÕÛ³Ï »ù, ٻݹ»É»¨Û³Ý ûÉÇÙådz¹³Ý ÝáñÇó ϳ۳ó³í ºñ¨³ÝáõÙ: ØÇÝã ³Û¹ ØáëÏí³ÛáõÙ, ³é³Ýó Ç٠ϳÙùÁ ѳñóÝ»Éáõ, áñáᯐ ¿ÇÝ, áñ »ë ÝáñÇó å»ïù ¿ ÉÇݻ٠ÅÛáõñÇÇ Ý³Ë³·³Ñ: ØáëÏí³ÛáõÙ å³ñ·¨³ïñí»É »Ù áëÏ» Ù»¹³Éáí: ÆëÏ ÐÐ ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ÏáÕÙÇó ëï³ó»É »Ù Ñáõß³Ù»¹³É: Æ ¹»åª »ë »ññáñ¹Ý ¿Ç, áí ëï³ó³í ³Ûë Ñáõß³Ù»¹³ÉÁ: - à±ñÝ ¿ Ó»ñ Ý»ñ¹ñáõÙÁ ûÉÇÙådz¹³ÛÇ Ù³ëݳÏÇóÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï ³ß˳ï»Éáõ ·áñÍáõÙ: - Ü³Ë ³ë»Ù, áñ ûÉÇÙådz¹³ÛÇÝ Ù³ëݳÏó»Éáõ ѳٳñ »ë å³ïñ³ëïáõÙ »Ù μ³½Ù³ÃÇí ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñÇ: ¸³ ѳٳÉë³ñ³Ý³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇ Ñ»ï ϳå ãáõÝÇ, ³ÛÝ ÇÙ ³ÝÓÝ³Ï³Ý Ùï³ÑÕ³óáõÙÝ ¿ ¨ Ç٠ѳÛñ»Ý³ëÇñ³Ï³Ý ÙÕáõÙÁ: ºñ»ùß³μÃÇ ¨ ß³μ³Ã ûñ»ñÇÝ ÇÙ ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñÁ ѳÝñ³å»ïáõÃÛ³Ý μáÉáñ ßñç³ÝÝ»ñÇó ·³ÉÇë »Ý å³ñ³åÙáõÝùÇ: ºë ¹ñ³ ѳٳñ ã»Ù í³ñÓ³ïñíáõÙ: ²Û¹ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÁ Ï»ÝïñáݳóÝáõÙ »Ù »ë: ºí ³Û¹ ïùݳç³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÇ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùáõÙ Ù»Ýù Ù»¹³ÉÝ»ñ »Ýù μ»ñáõÙ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûÉÇÙådz¹³Ý»ñÇó, áñáÝù ÐРݳ˳·³ÑÁ ѳݹÇë³íáñ å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñáõ٠ѳÝÓÝáõÙ ¿ Ù»½: ÆëÏ Ñ³Ýñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý ÷áõÉÇ ¹ÇåÉáÙÝ»ñÁ, áñÁ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÙ ¿ ÐÐ ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ѳÝÓÝáõÙ ¿ í³ñã³å»ïÁ: ²Ûë ï³ñÇ ùÇÙdzÛÇ ûÉÇÙådz¹³ÛÇ Ñ³ÕÃáÕÝ»ñÇÝ ßÝáñѳíáñ»ó ¨ ¹ÇåÉáÙÝ»ñ ѳÝÓÝ»ó ÐРζ ݳ˳ñ³ñ ²ñÙ»Ý ²ßáïÛ³ÝÁ:

14

ØÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ùÇÙÇ³Ï³Ý ûÉÇÙådz¹³Ý ï»ÕÇ ¿ áõݻݳÉáõ ²¹ñμ»ç³ÝáõÙ, ÇëÏ ÙÛáõëÁª ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Ù»Ý¹»É»¨Û³Ý ûÉÇÙådz¹³Ý ³ñ¹»Ý ϳ۳ó³í ºñ¨³ÝáõÙ: ´áí³Ý¹³Ï³ÛÇÝ ³éáõÙáíª Ù»Ý¹»É»¨Û³ÝÝ ³í»ÉÇ μ³ñ¹ ¿, áñÇ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåÇãÁ ÙÇßï ØáëÏí³ÛÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÝ ¿: ÆëÏ ùÇÙÇ³Ï³Ý ûÉÇÙådz¹³ÛÇ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåÇã »ñÏÇñÝ ³Ù»Ý ï³ñÇ ï³ñμ»ñ ¿ ÉÇÝáõÙª ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ÅÛáõñÇÇ Ñ³ÝÓݳñ³ñáõÃÛ³Ùμ: ØÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ÅÛáõñÇÇ Ý³Ë³·³ÑÁ ³½·áõÃÛ³Ùμ Ïáñ»³óÇ ¿, áí ³ÝÓ³Ùμ ÇÝÓ Ñ»ï ϳåÇ Ù»ç ¿ ÉÇÝáõÙ ¨ Ù»Í ó³ÝÏáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝÇ, áñ Ù»Ýù Ù³ëݳÏó»Ýù ²¹ñμ»ç³Ýáõ٠ϳ۳ݳÉÇù ûÉÇÙådz¹³ÛÇÝ: Ø»Ýù Çñ³íáõÝù áõÝ»Ýù Ý»ñϳ۳óÝ»Éáõ 10 Ù³ëݳÏÇó, ¨ ÑÇÙ³ »ë å³ïñ³ëïáõÙ »Ù Ýñ³Ýó ¨ Ù»Í ÑáõÛë»ñ áõÝ»Ù, áñ Ù»¹³ÉÝ»ñ ÏáõݻݳÝù ³Ûë ï³ñÇ ¨ë: - ÆëÏ Ù³ëݳÏÇóÝ»ñÇ ÁÝïñáõÃÛáõÝÝ ÇÝãå»±ë ¿ ϳï³ñíáõÙ: -ÐÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåÇãÁ ýǽٳà ¹åñáóÝ ¿: ²Û¹ ¹åñáóÇ ïÝûñ»ÝÁ Çñ íñ³ ¿ í»ñóñ»É áã ÙdzÛÝ ýǽÇϳÛÇ ¨ ٳûٳïÇϳÛÇ, ³Ûɨ ùÇÙdzÛÇ ûÉÇÙådz¹³ÛÇ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåÙ³Ý Ñ»ï ϳåí³Í ËݹÇñÝ»ñÁ: Üñ³Ýù ÇÝÓ ïñ³Ù³¹ñáõÙ »Ý ѳÝñ³Ï³ó³ñ³Ý³ÛÇÝ ë»ÝÛ³ÏÝ»ñ, áñå»ë½Ç Ù³ñ½»ñÇó »Ï³Í ÇÙ ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñÁ ÙÝ³Ý ³ÛÝï»Õ: ²Ûëï»Õ ·É˳íáñ ·áñÍáÝÁ ѳÛñ»Ý³ëÇñáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿, ï³Õ³Ý¹³íáñ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇÝ μ³ó³Ñ³Ûï»ÉÁ ¨ Ý»ñϳ۳óÝ»ÉÁ: Üñ³Ýù ѳÕÃáõÙ »Ý ¹åñáó³Ï³Ý ÷áõÉÇ ÙñóáõÛÃÝ»ñáõÙ, ³ÛÝáõÑ»ï¨ ³ÝóÝáõÙ Ù³ñ½³ÛÇÝ, ѳÝñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý ÷áõÉ»ñáí: гÝñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý ÷áõÉÇó Ñ»ïá »ë 4 ³Ý·³Ù ÁÝïñáÕ³Ï³Ý ÙñóáõÛÃÝ»ñ »Ù ³ÝóϳóÝáõÙ, áñå»ë½Ç ãë˳Éí»Ù ï³Õ³Ý¹³íáñÝ»ñÇ ÁÝïñáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³ñóáõÙ: ºñμ ÇÝÓ Ñ³ñóÝáõÙ »Ý, û ÇÝãÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ »Ù ³Ûë ³Ù»ÝÁ ³ÝáõÙ, »ë å³ï³ë˳ÝáõÙ »Ùª ã·Çï»Ù: ´³Ûó, ÇѳñÏ», ·Çï»Ùª ÇÝãÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ »Ù ã³ñã³ñíáõÙ: úñÇݳÏ, »ñμ ì³ßÇÝ·ïáÝÇ Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝáõÙ Ù»ñ ¹ñáßÁ 4 ³Ý·³Ù μ³ñÓñ³ó³í, »ë

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

ѳëϳó³, áñ ¹³ ÇÙ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇ, ÇÙ ã³ñã³ñ³ÝùÇ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùÝ ¿, ¨ 4 ³Ý·³Ù ¿É »ë ÑáÝ·áõñ-ÑáÝ·áõñ ɳó »Ù »Õ»É: - ÆÝã Ëáëùª Ñáõ½Çã ¿, ÇëÏ ÑÇÙ³ ³ë³ó»ù, Ëݹñ»Ù, á±ñ Ãí³Ï³ÝÇó »ù ³ß˳ïáõ٠ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝáõÙ: - Þáõñç 50 ï³ñÇ, ϳñ»ÉÇ ¿ ³ë»Éª ÙÇ ³ÙμáÕç ÏÛ³Ýù: 22 ï³ñ»Ï³ÝáõÙ, »ñμ ·»ñ³½³ÝóáõÃÛ³Ý ¹ÇåÉáÙáí ³í³ñï»óÇ ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇ ùÇÙdzÛÇ ý³ÏáõÉï»ïÁ, ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇ Õ»Ï³í³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÇÝÓ í»ñóñ»ó áñå»ë ³ëåÇñ³Ýï: ²ëåÇñ³Ýïáõñ³Ý ¹»é ã¿Ç ³í³ñï»É, »ñμ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõïÇó »Ï³Ý ¨ ùÇÙdzÛÇ Ù³ëݳ·»ïÝ»ñ áõ½»óÇÝ: ²Û¹ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï Ù»ñ ³ëÇëï»ÝïÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏÁ ËáñÑáõñ¹ ïí»ó, áñ ÇÝÓ í»ñóÝ»Ý: ºí »ë »Ï³ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõï: ¸Å·áÑ ã»Ù, áñ »Ï»É »Ù ³Ûëï»Õ, ù³ÝÇ áñ ³ÛÝ ·áñÍÁ, áñ »ë ³Ý»Éáõ ¿Ç å»ï³Ï³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝáõÙ, ÝáõÛÝÁ ³ÝáõÙ »Ù ݳ¨ μÅßϳϳÝáõÙ: ÆÙ ÏÛ³ÝùÇ áõÕ»ÝÇßÁ Ñ»ï¨Û³ÉÝ ¿. §ºÃ» ã»Ù ϳñáÕ ½»Ýù í»ñóÝ»É áõ ·Ý³É Ç٠ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÁ å³ßïå³Ý»Éáõ, ³å³ »ë å»ïù ¿ å³ïñ³ëï»Ù ɳí Ù³ëݳ·»ïÝ»ñ¦: - ÆëÏ ÑÇÙ³ Ó»ñ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇݪ ³ÙμÇáÝáõÙ: - 1996-ÇÝ, »ñμ »ë »Ï³ ¹»Õ³·Çï³Ï³Ý ý³ÏáõÉï»ïÇ ùÇÙdzÛÇ ³ÙμÇáÝ, í³ñÇãÁ ØÇù³Û»É úñ¹Û³ÝÝ ¿ñ: ܳ ³ñ¹»Ý ï³ñÇùáí ¿ñ, ¨ ìÇÉ»Ý Ð³ÏáμÛ³ÝÁª Ù»ñ ݳËÏÇÝ é»ÏïáñÁ, ÇÝÓ Ï³Ýã»ó ¨ ³é³ç³ñÏ»ó, áñ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ùÇÙdzÛÇ ³ÙμÇáÝÇó ï»Õ³÷áËí»Ù ³Ûë ³ÙμÇáÝ: ºíª »Ï³... ²ÙμÇáÝáõÙ Ù»Ýù ϳï³ñáõÙ »Ýù ݳ¨ ·Çï³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñ, ÙÇßï áõÝ»Ýù ·ñ³Ýï, ù³ÝÇ áñ Ù»ñ ϳï³ñ³Í ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÁ ·Çï³Ï³Ý μ³ñÓñ ³ñÅ»ù áõÝ»Ý ¨ ËÇëï ³ñ¹Ç³Ï³Ý »Ý, áñáÝù ïå³·ñíáõÙ »Ý ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ É³í³·áõÛÝ ³Ùë³·ñ»ñáõÙ, ¨ Ù»Ýù ³ÝÁݹѳï ß³ÑáõÙ »Ýù ·ñ³ÝïÝ»ñ: àõÝ»Ýù ¨° μ³½³ÛÇÝ, ¨° ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ·ñ³ÝïÝ»ñ: γï³ñáõÙ »Ýù ·Çï³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñ ï³ñμ»ñ áõÕÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáí: àõݻ٠300-Çó ³í»ÉÇ Ñá¹í³ÍÝ»ñ, áñáÝù ½»ï»Õí³Í »Ý ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ³Ùë³·ñ»ñáõÙ: Æ ¹»åª ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý ¨ ³í³· ¹åñáóÇ ùÇÙdzÛÇ μáÉáñ ¹³ë³·ñù»ñÇ Ñ»ÕÇݳÏÁ »ë »Ù: - àñù³Ý ·Çï»Ùª ¹áõù áõÝ»ù åñáý»ëáñÇ ÏáãáõÙ: - ²Ûá, ÙÇÝ㨠¹áÏïáñ ¹³éݳÉÁ »ë ëï³ó»É ¿Ç μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ å³ïí³íáñ åñáý»ëáñÇ ÏáãáõÙ: лïá

å³ßïå³Ý»óÇ ¹áÏïáñ³Ï³Ý û½ë, ¨ ì²Î-Á ïí»ó ¹áÏïáñ, åñáý»ëáñÇ ÏáãáõÙ: ÆëÏ ³ÝóÛ³É ï³ñÇ ÐРݳ˳·³Ñ ê»ñÅ ê³ñ·ëÛ³ÝÇ ÏáÕÙÇó ëï³ó³ í³ëï³Ï³íáñ Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅÇ ÏáãáõÙ: - àñå»ë Ù³Ýϳí³ñŪ ×DZßï »ù ѳٳñáõÙ ÏñÃáõÃÛáõÝÁ 6 ϳ٠8 ï³ñÇ ¹³ñÓÝ»ÉÁ: ƱÝã ϳñÍÇù áõÝ»ù ³Ûë ï³ï³ÝáõÙÝ»ñÇ í»ñ³μ»ñÛ³É: - ÊáëùÁ í»ñ³μ»ñáõÙ ¿ ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý μ³ñ»÷áËáõÙÝ»ñÇÝ: ÎñÃáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ÁݹѳÝñ³å»ë, å³Ñå³ÝáÕ³Ï³Ý ·áñÍÁÝóó ¿, ¨ ³ÝÁݹѳï ÷á÷áËáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ³Ý»ÉÁ, Ç٠ϳñÍÇùáí, ×Çßï ã¿: âݳ۳Í, áñ μ³ñ»÷áËáõÙÝ»ñ ³ÝáõÙ »Ý ³ÙμáÕç ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ: ºí ¹³ ϳï³ñíáõÙ ¿ μáÉáñ »ñÏñÝ»ñáõÙ, áã ÙdzÛÝ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ: ²ñï³ë³ÑÙ³ÝÛ³Ý ÷áñÓÁ ÝáõÛÝå»ë μ³½Ù³ÏáÕÙ³ÝÇ ¿: úñÇݳϪ ²Ù»ñÇϳÛáõÙ, áñ XXI ¹³ñÇ ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý ³é³ç³ï³ñÝ ¿, ѳëϳó³Ýª »ñÏñáõÙ μݳ·Çï³Ï³Ý, ٳûٳïÇÏ³Ï³Ý ÏñÃáõÃÛáõÝÁ ß³ï í³ï íÇ׳ÏáõÙ ¿ ·ïÝíáõÙ: Üñ³Ýù ëï»ÕÍ»óÇÝ Ñ³ïáõÏ Ñ³ÝÓݳÅáÕáí ³é³çÇÝ ïÇ»½»ñ³·Ý³ó ¶É»ÝÇ Õ»Ï³í³ñáõÃÛ³Ùμ, áñå»ë½Ç áõëáõÙݳëÇñ»Ý ËݹÇñÁ: ²Û¹ ËݹñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ ë»Ý³ïáõÙ ½»Ïáõó»ÉÇë ¶É»ÝÁ ÙdzÛÝ Ù»Ï Ý³Ë³¹³ëáõÃÛáõÝ ³ë³ó. §²ÛÝ »ñÏÇñÁ, áñÁ ٳûٳïÇϳ ¨ μݳ·Çï³Ï³Ý ³é³ñϳݻñÇ μ³ñÓñ ٳϳñ¹³Ï ãáõÝǪ ³å³·³ ãáõÝǦ: ºí ²Ù»ñÇϳÛáõÙ ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý í»ÏïáñÁ áõÕÕ»óÇÝ ¹»åÇ μÝ³Ï³Ý ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ: ÎñÃáõÃÛáõÝÝ ³ÙμáÕç ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ áõÝÇ 2 áõÕÕáõÃÛáõݪ ·»ñÙ³Ý³Ï³Ý ¨ ³Ý·Éáë³ùëáݳϳÝ: èáõë³ëï³ÝÁ, ëÏë³Í ä»ïñáë I-Çó, í»ñóñ»É ¿ ·»ñÙ³Ý³Ï³Ý ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý áõÕÕáõÃÛáõÝÁ: 2 áõÕÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ù»ç ¿É Ï³Ý É³í ¨ í³ï μ³Ý»ñ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ, Ç٠ϳñÍÇùáí, å»ïù ¿ ã¿ ³Ûëï»ÕÇó-³ÛÝï»ÕÇó ÏóÏïáõñ μ³Ý»ñ í»ñóÝ»É: ä»ïù ¿ ÁÝïñ»É Ù»ÏÁ ¨ ³é³ç ·Ý³É ¹ñ³Ýáí: ´áÉáñ ¹»åù»ñáõÙ áñáßáÕÁ áõëáõóÇãÝ ¿, áñù³Ý ¿É áõÕÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ÷áËí»Ý, ÙǨÝáõÛÝÝ ¿, »Ã» ¹³ë³Ëáë³Ï³Ý ϳ½ÙÇ Ù³Ï³ñ¹³ÏÁ μ³ñÓñ ã»Õ³í, áã ÙÇ ÷á÷áËáõÃÛáõÝ û·áõï ãÇ ï³Éáõ: ²ÙμáÕç ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ Ï³Ý §ÏñÃáõÃÛáõÝ ³ÙμáÕç ÏÛ³ÝùÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ¦ ¨ §ÏñÃáõÃÛáõÝ ³ÙμáÕç ÏÛ³ÝùÇ ÁÝóóùáõÙ¦ ѳëϳóáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ: ²é³çÇÝÁ ³ÛÝ ÏñÃáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿, áñ Ù»Ýù ëï³ó»É »Ýù, ¨ »ñμ»ÙÝ-»ñμ»ÙÝ Ù»½ í»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïáõÙ »Ý, áñÁ, Ç٠ϳñÍÇùáí, áã ÙÇ û·áõï ãÇ ï³ÉÇë: ì»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïáõÙÁ, ³ÛÝáõ³Ù»Ý³ÛÝÇí, ÏñÃáõÃÛáõÝ ã¿ ³ÙμáÕç ÏÛ³ÝùÇ ÁÝóóùáõÙ, ³ÛÉ §í»ñ³Ýáñá·áõÙ »Ý, óñÙ³óÝáõÙ »Ý ·Çï»ÉÇùÝ»ñÁ¦: гٳß˳ñѳÛÇÝ μ³ÝÏÇ í³ñϳíáñÙ³Ý Íñ³·ñÇ

ýÇݳÝë³íáñÙ³Ùμ ýÇ ÇݳÝë³íáñÙ³Ùμ ëÏëí»É ëÏëí í»É ¿ñ áõëáõáõëá áõ óÇãÝ»ñÇ í»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïÙ³Ý ·áñÍÁÝóó: ²Ù»ñÇϳÛÇó »Ï»É ¿ñ ÙÇ Ññ»³, áí ·»ñٳݳ³Ù»ñÇÏÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ï»Õ ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÛ³Ý Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇã ¿ñ ¨ ½μ³ÕíáõÙ ¿ñ ³ÙμáÕç ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ áõëáõóÇãÝ»ñÇ í»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïÙ³Ý Ñ³ñó»ñáí: г۳ëï³ÝÇó ϳÝã»É ¿ÇÝ ï³ñμ»ñ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ¨ ½ñáõó»É ¿ÇÝ Ýñ³Ýó Ñ»ï: ÆÝÓ Ï³Ýã»óÇÝ ½ñáõÛóÇ Ìƶ-Çó, ¨ ³Û¹ Ññ»³Ý ÇÝÓ ÁÝïñ»ó áõëáõóÇãÝ»ñÇ í»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïÙ³Ý Ñ³ÝÓݳÅáÕáíÇ Õ»Ï³í³ñ: ºë Ëݹñ»óÇ, áñ ÇÝÓ áõÕ³ñÏ»Ý ¶»ñÙ³Ýdzª ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·Á áõëáõÙݳëÇñ»Éáõ ѳٳñ: ÆÝÓ Ñ³Ù³ñ Ñ»ï³ùñùÇñ ¿ñ, û Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅÝ»ñÇÝ ÇÝãå»ë »Ý å³ïñ³ëïáõÙ: Üñ³Ýó Ùáï ³Û¹ ·áñÍÁÝóóÁ μáÉáñáíÇÝ ³ÛÉ ¿: ²ÛÝï»Õ Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅÝ»ñÇÝ ³ÛÉ Ï»ñå »Ý å³ïñ³ëïáõÙ: ØÇÝ㨠»ññáñ¹ ÏáõñëÁ Ýñ³Ýù ÁݹѳÝáõñ ÏñÃáõÃÛáõÝ »Ý ëï³ÝáõÙ, »ññáñ¹ ÏáõñëÇó áõëáõóáõÙÁ »ñÏáõ ×ÛáõÕÇ ¿ μ³Å³ÝíáõÙª Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅ³Ï³Ý ¨ ·Çï³Ï³Ý: Üñ³Ýù, áíù»ñ ·ÝáõÙ »Ý Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅ³Ï³Ý áõÕÕáõÃÛ³Ùμ, μ³óÇ ùÇÙdzÛÇó ÁÝïñáõÙ »Ý ¨ë Ù»Ï μÝ³Ï³Ý ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝ: ÆëÏ áíù»ñ ÁÝïñáõÙ »Ý ·Çï³Ï³Ý áõÕÕáõÃÛáõÝÁ, Çñ³íáõÝù ãáõÝ»Ý Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅ ³ß˳ï»Éáõ: ºñμ Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅÁ ³í³ñïáõÙ ¿ ´àõÐ-Á ¨ ·ÝáõÙ ¿ ¹åñáó, Ýñ³Ý Ùdzݷ³ÙÇó Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅÇ ÏáãáõÙ ã»Ý ï³ÉÇë: ܳ˪ Ù»Ï ï³ñÇ Ý³ ³ß˳ïáõÙ ¿ ³í³· Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅÝ»ñÇ Ó»éùÇ ï³Ï, Ñ»ïá ѳÝÓÝáõÙ ¿ áñ³Ï³íáñÙ³Ý Ã»ëï, 5 ï³ñÇ Ñ»ïá ÝáñÇó ¿ ³ÝóÝáõÙ ³ï»ëï³ódzª ³í»ÉÇ μ³ñÓñ áñ³Ï³íáñáõÙ ëï³Ý³Éáõ ѳٳñ: ²í³·Ç ÏáãáõÙ áõÝ»óáÕ Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅÝ»ñÝ ³Û¹ ³ÙμáÕç ÁÝóóùáõÙ ÑëÏáõÙ »Ý Ýñ³Ýó: ºÃ» áõëáõóÇãÝ ³ÝóÝáõÙ ¿ ³ï»ëï³ódzÛáí, Çñ»Ý ï³ÉÇë »Ý Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅÇ ÏáãáõÙ, Ñ»ïá ³í³· Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅÇ ÏáãáõÙ, ¨ Ýñ³Ýó ³ß˳ï³í³ñÓ»ñÁ ¿³å»ë

ï³ñμ»ñíáõÙ ³í³ñï³ñμ»ñ ñíáõÙ Ù »Ý ëáíáñ³Ï³Ý Ý ³í³ñ ï³ÍÝ»ñÇ ³ß˳ï³í³ñÓÇó: ò³Ýϳó³Í »ñÏÇñ 2 é³½Ù³í³ñ³Ï³Ý Ýå³ï³Ï å»ïù ¿ áõݻݳª Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅ³Ï³Ý ¨ é³½Ù³Ï³Ý ÏñÃáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ: ÊáñÑñ¹³ÛÇÝ ï³ñÇÝ»ñÇ ÁÝóóùáõÙ Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅáõÃÛ³ÝÁ ã»Ý í»ñ³μ»ñí»É áñå»ë é³½Ù³í³ñ³Ï³Ý Ý߳ݳÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³ñ¨áñ ûμÛ»Ïï: ÆëÏ, Ç٠ϳñÍÇùáí, ¹³ ³Ù»Ý³Ï³ñ¨áñÝ ¿: ÎñÃáõÃÛáõÝÁ ãå»ïù ¿ áõݻݳ ·³Õ³÷³ñ³ËáëáõÃÛáõÝ, ÇëÏ ÏáÙáõÝÇëï³Ï³Ý ÏñÃáõÃÛáõÝÁ ·³Õ³÷³ñ³Ëáë³Ï³Ý ¿ñ: ºí »ñμ ÊáñÑñ¹³ÛÇÝ ØÇáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÷Éáõ½í»ó, áã áù ï»ñ ãϳݷݻó ³Û¹ ·³Õ³÷³ñ³ËáëáõÃÛ³ÝÁ: ÆëÏ ÑÇÙ³ Ù»Ýù å³ïñ³ëïáõÙ »Ýù ³ÛÝåÇëÇ Ï³¹ñ»ñ, áíù»ñ å»ïù »Ý Ù»ñ ïÝï»ëáõÃÛ³ÝÁ: ØÇ·áõó» ÙÇ ù³ÝÇ ï³ñÇ Ñ»ïá Ù»Ýù ³ë»Ýù, áñ Ù»ñ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÁ ɳí ÏñÃáõÃÛáõÝ ã»Ý ëï³ó»É, áñáíÑ»ï¨ å»ïù ¿ñ ݳ¨ ·Çï³Ï³Ý áõÕÕáõÃÛáõÝÁ áõŻճóÝ»É: ÆÝãáõ± Ù»ñ ·ÇïݳϳÝÝ»ñÁ Üáμ»ÉÛ³Ý Ùñó³Ý³ÏÝ»ñ ã»Ý ëï³ÝáõÙ, ÇÝãáõ± ³ÙμáÕç êáí»ï³Ï³Ý ØÇáõÃÛáõÝÁ, áñ ³ß˳ñÑÇ ï³ñ³ÍùÇ Ù»Ï »ññáñ¹Ý ¿ñ ½μ³Õ»óÝáõÙ, Áݹ³Ù»ÝÁ 40 Üáμ»ÉÛ³Ý Ùñó³Ý³ÏÇ ¹³÷Ý»ÏÇñ ¿ áõÝ»ó»É, áíù»ñ μáÉáñÁ ³ñï³ë³ÑÙ³ÝáõÙ »Ý ³ß˳ï»É: êñ³Ýù ѳñó»ñ »Ý, áñáÝó Ù³ëÇÝ å»ïù ¿ Ùï³Í»É ¨ ³Ý»É ѳٳå³ï³ëË³Ý ù³ÛÉ»ñ: - ÞÝáñѳϳÉáõÃÛáõÝ Ñ»ï³ùñùÇñ ѳñó³½ñáõÛóÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ÐáõÛë áõݻݳÝù, áñ Ó»ñ ѳñó»ñÁ Ùáï ³å³·³ÛáõÙ Ïëï³Ý³Ý ëå³éÇã å³ï³ë˳ÝÝ»ñ: гñó³½ñáõÛóÁª ê. ÂàðàêÚ²ÜÆ

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

15

سñ¹áõ ³Ù»Ý³Í³Ýñ ÷áñÓáõÃÛáõÝÁ ë»ñ ã½·³ÉÝ ¿ ´ÅÇßÏ, ͳÕñ³Íáõ, ÑÇí³Ý¹³Ýáó³ÛÇÝ Í³Õñ³Íáõ³Ï³Ý ³ñí»ëïÇ ÑÇÙݳ¹Çñ гÝûñ ¸áÑ»ñÃÇ ²¹³ÙëÁ, áí ³ß˳ñÑáõ٠ѳÛïÝÇ ¿ ä»ïã ²¹³Ùë ³ÝáõÝáí, г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ ¿: ²éÇÃÝ û·ï³·áñÍ»Éáíª Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ùμ μÅÇßÏ ä»ïã ²¹³ÙëÁ ¹³ë³ËáëáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ϳñ¹³ó ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝáõÙ ¨ г۳ëï³ÝÇ ³Ù»ñÇÏÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝáõÙ: Üñ³ ³ÛóÁ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñå»É ¿ñ §Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ¦ ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³ÙÁª ѳٳå³ï³ëË³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý ϳéáõÛóÝ»ñÇ, ³éáÕç³å³Ñ³Ï³Ý ¨ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ï³ñμ»ñ ѳëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï ѳٳ·áñͳÏóáõÃÛ³Ùμ: г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ Ù»Ïß³μ³ÃÛ³ ³ÛóÇ ÁÝóóùáõÙ ä»ïã ²¹³ÙëÁ ÑÇí³Ý¹³Ýáó³ÛÇÝ Í³Õñ³ÍáõÝ»ñÇ Çñ ËÙμáí ºñ¨³ÝáõÙ, ¶ÛáõÙñÇáõÙ, ì³Ý³ÓáñáõÙ ¨ ¸ÇÉÇç³ÝáõÙ ³Ûó»É»ó Ù³ÝϳïÝ»ñ ¨ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóÝ»ñ, ѳݹ»ë »Ï³í ÛáõñûñÇÝ³Ï Íñ³·ñáí: ä»ïã ²¹³ÙëÁ áã ÙdzÛÝ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ùμ μÅÇßÏ ¿, ³Ûɨ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý áÉáñïÇ Ýáñ³ñ³ñ, ѳٳñíáõÙ ¿ ÍÇͳÕÇ Ñ᷻ûñ³ådzÛÇ ¨ ÏÉááõݳ¹³ÛÇ ÑÇÙݳ¹ÇñÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏÝ ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ: Üñ³ μ³ñ»·áñÍ³Ï³Ý Íñ³·ñ»ñÇ, μÅßÏáÕ Í³Õñ³Íáõ³Ï³Ý Ý»ñϳ۳óáõÙÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ ·Çï»Ý ³ÙμáÕç ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ: 18 ï³ñ»Ï³ÝáõÙ ä»ïã ²¹³ÙëÁ áñáß»óª ¹Åí³ñ ϳ٠ͳÝñ ûñ ¿É ãÇ áõݻݳ: àõ ÑÇÙ³ª »ñÏáõ ß³μ³ÃÇó 70 ï³ñ»Ï³Ý ¹³ñÓáÕ ²¹³ÙëÁ ÝßáõÙ ¿, áñ 52 ï³ñÇ ¿ª í³ï ûñ ãÇ áõÝ»ó»É: ²ëáõÙ ¿. §Ü»ïí»É »Ù ßÝáñѳϳÉáõÃÛ³Ý áõ »ñ³Ëï³·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý ûíÏdzÝáëÁ ¨ ¹»é ¹áõñë ã»Ù »Ï»É¦: §Ð³Ùá½í³Í »Ù, áñ ¹»Õ³ÙÇçáóÝ»ñÇ í³×³éùáí ½μ³ÕíáÕ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ »Ý ÙdzÛÝ Ï³ëϳͳÙïáñ»Ý í»ñ³μ»ñíáõÙ ÇÙ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùÝ»ñÇÝ: Üñ³Ýù ó³ÝϳÝáõÙ »Ý ÇÝÓ ùÝݳ¹³ï»É ¨ ëï»ÕÍ»É ³ÛÝåÇëÇ μáõÅÙ³Ý ÙÇçáóÝ»ñ, áñáÝó Ñ»ï »ë ϳå ãáõݻ٦,- ÝßáõÙ ¿ ä»ïãÁ: §ê»ñ, ÑáõÙáñ, áõñ³ËáõÃÛáõÝ. á˚í ϳñáÕ ¿ å³ïÏ»ñ³óÝ»É, áñ ³Ûë »ñ»ùÁ ϳñáÕ »Ý Ù³ñ¹áõÝ ³éáÕç³óÝ»É: Þ³ï ¹Åí³ñ ¿ ÑÇÙ³ ·ïÝ»É ÝáñÙ³É Ù³ñ¹ ÙÇ ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ, áñï»Õ Çß˳ÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ ³ÛÉáó ÝϳïÙ³Ùμ ¹³ñÓ»É ¿ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý ³ñÅ»ù, ÇëÏ §ë»ñ¦ ϳ٠§ÍÇͳզ μ³é»ñÁ íï³Ý·³íáñ »Ý¦,- ß»ßïáõÙ ¿ ͳÕñ³ÍáõÝ: Æñ ÑÇí³Ý¹³Ýáó³ÛÇÝ Í³Õñ³ÍáõÝ»ñÇ ËÙμáí ²¹³ÙëÁ ï³ñ»Ï³Ý Ùáï ÇÝÁ ³Ûó ¿ Ï³ï³ñáõÙ ³ß˳ñÑÇ ï³ñμ»ñ »ñÏñÝ»ñ: Üñ³Ýù ͳÕñ³Íáõ³Ï³Ý ѳ·áõëïÝ»ñáí Ý»ñϳ۳óáõÙÝ»ñ »Ý ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÙ ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóÝ»ñáõÙ ¨ Ù³ÝϳïÝ»ñáõÙ, Í»ñ³ÝáóÝ»ñáõÙ áõ ÇÝï»ñݳïÝ»ñáõÙ: öáùñÇÏÝ»ñÁ Ýñ³ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõÙ-뻳ÝëÝ»ñÇ ßÝáñÑÇí ϳñáÕ³ÝáõÙ »Ý ³ñ³· ѳÕóѳñ»É μ³ñ¹ ¨ ³·ñ»ëÇí ûñ³ådzݻñÇ ³½¹»óáõÃÛáõÝÁ: §Ø³ñ¹áõ ³Ù»Ý³Í³Ýñ ÷áñÓáõÃÛáõÝÁ ë»ñ ã½·³ÉÝ ¿: ²Ûëûñ ³ÙμáÕç ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ ãϳ áã ÙÇ ¹åñáó, áñï»Õ ë»ñ ¹³ë³í³Ý¹»Ý: ØdzóÛ³É Ü³Ñ³Ý·Ý»ñáõÙ, ûñÇݳÏ, μݳÏãáõÃÛ³ÝÁ ϳé³í³ñ»Éáõ É³í³·áõÛÝ ÙÇçáóÁ μݳÏãáõÃÛ³ÝÁ ¹Åμ³Ëï, Ó³ÝÓñ³ó³Í å³Ñ»ÉÝ ¿: êÇñ»°ù ¨ ß³ï ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñ å³Ñ»°ù¦,- ËáñÑáõñ¹ ïí»ó ͳÕñ³ÍáõÝ: лÝó Ýñ³ Ï»ñå³ñÝ ¿ Ù³ñÙݳíáñ»É ûëϳñ³ÏÇñ ¹»ñ³ë³Ý èáμÇÝ àõÇÉÛ³ÙëÁ 1998-ÇÝ Ýϳñ³Ñ³Ýí³Í §ä»ïã ²¹³ÙëÁ¦ ýÇÉÙáõÙ: 1970-³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇ ëϽμÇÝ ²¹³ÙëÁ ²ØÜ-áõÙ ÑÇÙÝ»É ¿ §´³ñÇ ³éáÕçáõÃÛ³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõïÁ¦, áñÁ ·áñÍáõÙ ¿ áñå»ë μÅßϳϳݿÏáÉá·Ç³Ï³Ý ѳëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝ, ¨ áñï»Õ ³Ýí׳ñ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý û·ÝáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ óáõó³μ»ñíáõÙ: ܳ ѳÙá½í³Í ¿, áñ ÍÇͳÕÁ ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñÇÝ Ý³¨ ýǽÇϳå»ë ¿ û·ÝáõÙ: §ø³ÕóÏ»ÕÇ ¹»åùáõÙ, ûñÇݳÏ, ³å³óáõóí³Í ¿, áñ ÍÇͳÕÝ û·ÝáõÙ ¿ §½ÇÝíáñ-μçÇçÝ»ñǦ ÃíÇ ³í»É³óÙ³ÝÁ, áñáÝù áãÝã³óÝáõÙ »Ý ù³ÕóÏ»ÕÇ μçÇçÝ»ñÁ: ÌÇͳÕÝ ³Ùñ³åݹáõÙ ¿ ÇÙáõݳÛÇÝ Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·Á, Ýå³ëïáõÙ ¿ ûñ·³ÝǽÙáõÙ ¿Ý¹áñýÇÝÇ ³ñï³¹ñáõÃÛ³ÝÁ: ØÇ Ëáëùáí, ³Ûë ³Ù»ÝÁ ß³ï ¹ñ³Ï³Ý μÇáùÇÙdz ¿¦,- Çñ ѳñó³½ñáõÛóÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏáõÙ ³ë»É ¿ ݳ: ²Æ¸² вÎà´Ú²Ü

ºñÇï³ë³ñ¹ ·ÇïݳϳÝÝ»ñÇ ¹åñáó

¸ñ³Ù³ßÝáñÑÝ»ñÇÝ ¹ÇÙ»Éáõ ³ñí»ëïÁ سÛÇëÇ í»ñçÇÝ ß³μ³ÃÁ Ý߳ݳϳÉÇó ¿ñ ºñ¨³ÝÇ Ø. лñ³óáõ ³Ýí³Ý ¨ ÂμÇÉÇëÇÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï³½áïáÕÝ»ñÇ, áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ ¨ áÉáñïÇ Ù³ëݳ·»ïÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ÐÐ ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý ÏáÙÇï»Ç ýÇݳÝë³Ï³Ý ³ç³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùμ ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÁ` Ç ¹»Ùë ºä´Ð ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý í³ñãáõÃÛ³Ý, ѳÝñ³ÛÇÝ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý ý³ÏáõÉï»ïÇ, »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹ ·ÇïݳϳÝÝ»ñÇ ËáñÑñ¹Ç, “Greatmed” ÐÎ-Ç, ÂμÇÉÇëÇÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ Ñ»ï ë»ñï ѳٳ·áñͳÏóáõÃÛ³Ùμ, æ»ñÙáõÏ ù³Õ³ùáõ٠ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñå»ó »éûñÛ³ ³Ù³é³ÛÇÝ ¹åñáó §¸ñ³Ù³ßÝáñÑÝ»ñÇÝ ¹ÇÙ»Éáõ ³ñí»ëïÁ¦ ûٳÛáí: ä³ßïáÝ³Ï³Ý μ³óÙ³Ý ³ñ³ñáÕáõÃÛ³Ùμ Ý߳ݳíáñí»ó ºñ¨³ÝÇ ¨ ÂμÇÉÇëÇÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÝ»ñÇ ÙÇç¨ ï³ëݳÙÛ³ ³ñ¹Ûáõݳí»ï ѳٳ·áñͳÏóáõÃÛáõÝÁ: Øá¹»ñ³ïáñÝ»ñª ºä´Ð ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý í³ñãáõÃÛ³Ý å»ï, Ï.·.Ã., ¹áó»Ýï ê»Ûñ³Ý øáã³ñÛ³ÝÁ, í³ñãáõÃÛ³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñ سñdz٠¶ñÇ·áñÛ³ÝÁ, ÎÇÙ³ ÔáõÉÛ³ÝÁ ¨ ܳ½ÇÝ» ʳɳýÛ³ÝÁ Ý»ñϳ۳óñ»óÇÝ ¹ñ³Ù³ßÝáñÑÝ»ñÇÝ ¹ÇÙáÕ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý »Ýóϳå³É³éáõÝ»ñÇ ¹»ñ»ñÁ, ³é³ÝÓݳÏÇ ·áñÍáÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ, ýÇݳÝë³Ï³Ý é»ëáõñëÝ»ñÁ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ ïñí»óÇÝ ³é³ç³ñÏáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ¨ ËáñÑáõñ¹Ý»ñ, Ýϳñ³·ñ»óÇÝ Íñ³·ñÇ ß³ñáõݳϳϳÝáõÃÛ³Ý, ·Ý³Ñ³ïÙ³Ý ¨ ѳٳÛÝùÇ íñ³ ³½¹»óáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ: ²ÛÝáõÑ»ï¨ Ù³ëݳÏÇóÝ»ñÇÝ ³é³ç³¹ñ³Ýù ïñí»ó ·ñ»É Çñ»Ýó ë»÷³Ï³Ý ·ñ³Ýï³ÛÇÝ Íñ³·ñ»ñÁ. ·Ý³Ñ³ïÙ³Ý Ýå³ï³Ïáí ëï»ÕÍí»ó ѳïáõÏ ÅÛáõñÇ, áñÇ ·Ý³Ñ³ïÙ³Ùμ ËÙμ»ñÇó Ù»ÏÁ ³ñųݳó³í É³í³·áõÛÝ ·Ý³Ñ³ï³Ï³ÝÇÝ: Æ ¹»åª ËÙμ»ñÁ μ³Å³Ýí»É ¿ÇÝ Áëï ѳÝñ³×³Ý³ã “World Cafe” (§êñ׳ñ³Ý³ÛÇÝ ½ñáõÛó¦) Ó¨³ã³÷Ç: êáõÛÝ Ù»Ãá¹áÉá·Ç³Ý ³é³çÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù û·ï³·áñÍí»É ¿ 1995Çݪ »ñÏËáëáõÃÛ³Ý ³éáÕç ÙÇç³í³Ûñ ëï»ÕÍ»Éáí: Ø»Ãá¹Á ÑÇÙÝí³Í ¿ ³ÛÝ í³ñϳÍÇ íñ³, áñ ½ñáõÛóÇ ÏáÕÙ»ñÝ ³ñ¹»Ý ÇëÏ áõÝ»Ý áñáß³ÏÇ ÇÙ³óáõÃÛáõÝ ßáß³÷íáÕ Ã»Ù³ÛÇ í»ñ³μ»ñÛ³É, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ ëï»Õͳ·áñÍ ÙÇïù, áõëïÇ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý ¹ÇÙ³Ï³Û»É ÝáõÛÝÇëÏ Ã»Ù³ÛÇ ßáõñç ½³ñ·³óáÕ ³Ù»Ý³¹Åí³ñ Ù³ñï³Ññ³í»ñÝ»ñÇÝ: §êñ׳ñ³Ý³ÛÇÝ ½ñáõÛó¦ ýáñÙ³ïÝ Çñ»ÝÇó Ý»ñϳ۳óÝáõÙ ¿ 4-5 ³ÝÓÇó μ³Õϳó³Í ËÙμ³ÛÇÝ ùÝݳñÏáõÙÝ»ñª ËÙμÇó ËáõÙμ ï»Õ³÷áËí»Éáõ Ó¨áíª Ýå³ï³Ï Ñ»ï³åݹ»Éáí ½ñáõÛóÝ»ñÝ ³í»ÉÇ μáõéÝ ¹³ñÓÝ»É: гçáñ¹ Ã»Ù³Ý ÝíÇñí³Í ¿ñ ùÝݳ¹³ï³Ï³Ý Ùï³ÍáÕáõÃÛ³Ý ÑÙïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇÝ, áñÁ Ý»ñϳ۳óí»ó ºñ¨³ÝÇ ì. ´ñÛáõëáíÇ ³Ýí³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý É»½í³Ñ³ë³ñ³Ï³·Çï³Ï³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇ ÷ÇÉÇëá÷³ÛáõÃÛ³Ý ³ÙμÇáÝÇ í³ñÇã гÏáμ س¹áÛ³ÝÇ ÏáÕÙÇó: ܳ Ý»ñϳ۳óñ»ó ùÝݳ¹³ï³Ï³Ý Ùï³ÍáÕáõÃÛ³Ý

ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý ëϽμáõÝùÝ»ñÝ áõ é³½Ù³í³ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ, áñÁ ³é³ç ¿ ù³ßí»É èÇã³ñ¹ äáÉÇ ÏáÕÙÇó: Àëï Ñ»ÕÇݳÏǪ ³éϳ »Ý ùÝݳ¹³ï³Ï³Ý Ùï³ÍáÕáõÃÛ³Ý 35 Ï»ï»ñ: Úáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñ ËÙμÇ ïñí»ó 5-³Ï³Ý ñá廪 Ý»ñϳ۳óÝ»Éáõ ËÙμÇ ÏáÕÙÇó å³ïñ³ëïí³Í åñ»½»Ýï³ódzݪ Áëï ËÙμ»ñÇ áÉáñï³ÛÇÝ ³Ýí³ÝáõÙÝ»ñÇ, áñáÝù »Ýª §´ÅÇßÏÝ»ñ¦, §îî Ù³ëݳ·»ïÝ»ñ¦, §ÎñÃáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåÇãÝ»ñ¦, §Ð³Ýñ³ÛÇÝ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛáõݦ, §ºë ÙÇßï ×Çßï »Ù¦: гçáñ¹Çí ÐÐ ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ³½·³ÛÇÝ ³Ï³¹»ÙdzÛÇ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ μ³ÅÝÇ Õ»Ï³í³ñ ²ñáõëÛ³Ï Ð³ñáõÃÛáõÝÛ³ÝÁ Ý»ñϳ۳óñ»ó Ñ»é³í³ñ áõëáõóÙ³Ý, ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»Ãá¹Ý»ñÇ

μ³½Ù³½³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý í»ñ³μ»ñÛ³É ½»ÏáõÛó, áñÇÝ Ñ³çáñ¹»ó ºä´Ð ѳÝñ³ÛÇÝ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý ý³ÏáõÉï»ïÇ ¹³ë³Ëáë ÈáõëÇÝ» ä»ïñáëÛ³ÝÇ ½»ÏáõÛóÁª μÅßϳϳÝ, ³éáÕç³å³Ñ³Ï³Ý ¨ ѳÝñ³ÛÇÝ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõ٠ѳÕáñ¹³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ý ÑÙïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ: ÂμÇÉÇëÇÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ Ñ»ï³½áïáÕÝ»ñÝ áõ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÁ ѳݹ»ë »Ï³Ý ï³ñμ»ñ ½»ÏáõÛóÝ»ñáí, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ ѳٳéáï Ý»ñϳ۳óñÇÝ ìñ³ëï³ÝÇ ³éáÕç³å³Ñ³Ï³Ý ïáõñÇëï³Ï³Ý ³éáÕç³ñ³ÝÝ»ñÁ: ²Ù³é³ÛÇÝ ¹åñáóÇ ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÙ Ù³ëݳÏÇóÝ»ñÇÝ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ ÁÝÓ»éí»ó ³Ûó»É»É î³Ã¨Ç í³Ý³Ï³Ý ѳٳÉÇñ ¨ î³Ã¨»ñ ×áå³ÝáõÕÇ: سëݳÏÇóÝ»ñÇÝ ïñí³Í ѳïáõÏ ·Ý³Ñ³ïÙ³Ý Ã»ñÃÇÏÝ»ñÇ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùáõÙ å³ñ½ ¹³ñÓ³í, áñ ³Ù³é³ÛÇÝ ¹åñáóÇ í»ñ³μ»ñÛ³É Ù³ëݳÏÇóÝ»ñÇ ïå³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ ã³÷³½³Ýó μ³ñÓñ ¿ÇÝ:

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

17

ºñÇï³ë³ñ¹áõÃÛáõÝÁ ÏÛ³ÝùÇ ß³ñÅÇã áõÅÝ ¿ »õ ³å³·³ÛÇ ÑáõÛëÁ ´áÉáñ ųٳݳÏÝ»ñáõÙ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹áõÃÛáõÝÁ Çñ»ÝÇó Ù»Í áõÅ ¿ Ý»ñϳ۳óñ»É, ëïÇå»É ¿ ѳßïí»É Çñ ϳñÍÇùÇ Ñ»ï ϳ٠Çñ ×ßÙ³ñïáõÃÛ³ÝÁ ѳë»É ¿ ѻճ÷áËáõÃÛ³Ý »Õ³Ý³Ïáí: à±ñù³Ýáí ¿ ³Ûë ÷³ëïÝ ³ñ¹³ñ³óÇ, á±ñù³Ýáí ¿ Éë»ÉÇ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹áõÃÛ³Ý Ó³ÛÝÁ ¨, ³ñ¹Ûá±ù, ³Ûëûñ ѳßíÇ »Ý ÝëïáõÙ Ýñ³Ýó ϳñÍÇùÇ Ñ»ï: г۳ëï³ÝÝ ³Ûëûñ áõÝÇ μ³í³Ï³ÝÇÝ μ³ÝÇÙ³ó, ˻ɳóÇ ¨ ÏÇñà »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹áõÃÛáõÝ, áñÁ, Ç٠ϳñÍÇùáí, ϳñáÕ ¿ ½·³ÉÇáñ»Ý Ýå³ëï»É »ñÏñÇ ½³ñ·³óÙ³ÝÁ: ê³Ï³ÛÝ ã·Çï»ë ÇÝãáõª Ýñ³ÝóÇó ß³ï »Ý ·³Ý·³ïíáõÙ: ØÇÝã¹»é Ù»ñ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹áõÃÛáõÝÁ ¨ áõë³ÝáÕáõÃÛáõÝÁ ³Û¹ù³Ý ¿É í³ïÁ ã»Ý: Æ ½³ñÙ³Ýë ÇÝÓª ѳÛïݳμ»ñ»É »Ù, áñ Ý»ñϳÛÇë »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Ý»ñÝ ³í³Ý¹³å³ßï »Ý, ÑÇßáÕ, ѳñ·áÕ, Çñ ï»ÕÁ ׳ݳãáÕ, Çñ ѳٳñ ï»Õ μ³óáÕ, ÝíÇñí³Í, Ñá·³ï³ñ... ²Ûëûñí³ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹áõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç Ï³Ý ß³ï»ñÁ, áíù»ñ, Çñáù, ϳñáÕ³ÝáõÙ »Ý ÁݹáõÝ»É, ѳëÏ³Ý³É áõ ·Ý³Ñ³ï»É ɳíÝ áõ í³ïÁ, ϳñáÕ³ÝáõÙ »Ý ½ï»É ¨ ½³ï»Éª å³Ñå³Ý»Éáí ݳ¨ ³í³Ý¹³Ï³ÝÇ É³í ÏáÕÙ»ñÁ ¨ ßïÏ»-

Éáí í³ï ÏáÕÙ»ñÁ: γñÍÇù ϳ, áñ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹áõÃÛ³ÝÁ áõÕÕáñ¹áÕ ¿ å»ïù, áñ ³é³Ýó Ñëï³Ï áõÕÕáñ¹Ù³Ý ¹Åí³ñ û ·ïÝ»Ý ×Çßï ׳ݳå³ñÑÁ, μ³Ûó áã, Ýñ³Ýù ß³ï ÇÝùÝáõñáõÛÝ »Ý áõ ûÏáõ½ ¨ ¹³Ý¹³Õ, μ³Ûó í»ñç Ç í»ñçá ϳñáÕ³ÝáõÙ »Ý ·ïÝ»É ×ßÙ³ñÇïÁ: Êáëù»ñÇë ѳí³ëïÇùÝ ¿É í»ñç»ñë ºä´Ð-áõ٠ϳ۳ó³Í §àõë³ÝáÕ³Ï³Ý Ã»Å ·³ñáõݦ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ ¿ñ, áñÇÝ Ý»ñϳ ¿Ç ѳݹÇë³ï»ëÇ Ï³ñ·³íÇ׳ÏáõÙ: ØÇçáó³éáõÙÁ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñå»É ¿ÇÝ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹³Ï³Ý ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³ÙÁ ¨ ºä´Ð áõë³ÝáÕ³Ï³Ý ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÁ, áñÇ ÁÝóóùáõÙ »ÉáõÛà áõÝ»ó³Ý §Ø»¹áõÝǦ ¿ëïñ³¹³ÛÇÝ ¨ å³ñ³ÛÇÝ Ñ³ÙáõÛÃÝ»ñÁ, §²ðØغ¸¦ àõв ÃÇÙÇ ïճݻñÁ ¨ ³ñï³ë³ÑÙ³ÝóÇ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÁ: Ìñ³·ÇñÁ ѳ·»ó³Í ¿ñ μ³½Ù³μáí³Ý¹³Ï ųÝñ³ÛÇÝ Ñ³Ù³ñÝ»ñáí, áñï»Õ ÑÝã»óÇÝ ¨° ÑÇÝ áõ Ýáñ »ñ·»ñ, ¨° ÑáõÙáñ³ÛÇÝ Ñ³Ù³ñÝ»ñ: ºí ÇÝãÝ ¿ñ ѳïϳå»ë ѳ׻ÉÇ ÇÝÓ Ñ³Ù³ñ, áñ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ ÑáõÙáñ³ÛÇÝ Ñ³Ù³ñÝ»ñÁ û¨ ¹ÇåáõÏ ¿ÇÝ Ý»ñϳ۳óÝáõÙ ³Ûë ϳ٠³ÛÝ Çñ³íÇ׳ÏÝ áõ ³ÝÓ³Ýó, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ÁݹáõÝíáõÙ ¿ÇÝ μ³ñÓñ ͳ÷³Ñ³ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáí ¨° ѳݹÇë³ï»ëÇ, ¨° ѳëó»³ï»ñ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó: ê³ ËáëáõÙ ¿ ³ÛÝ ÷³ëïÇ Ù³ëÇÝ, áñ ºä´Ð-áõÙ áõë³ÝáÕ¹³ë³Ëáë-³¹ÙÇÝÇëïñ³ódz ϳå»ñÁ ·ïÝíáõÙ »Ý ³éáÕç ÷áËѳñ³μ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ íñ³, áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ ËáëùÝ ³Ûëï»Õ ³ÛÝù³Ý ¿É ³Ýï»ëí³Í ã¿: гݹÇëáõÃÛ³Ý ³í³ñïÇÝ ºä´Ð é»Ïïáñ ØÇù³Û»É ܳñÇÙ³ÝÛ³ÝÁ ßÝáñѳϳÉáõÃÛáõÝ Ñ³ÛïÝ»ó áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇݪ ·»Õ»óÇÏ ÙÇçáó³éÙ³Ý ¨ å³ñ·¨³Í ѳ׻ÉÇ å³Ñ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ áõ å³ïñ³ëï³Ï³ÙáõÃÛáõÝ Ñ³ÛïÝ»ó ³ÛëáõÑ»ï ¿É ³ç³Ïó»É Ùß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ ÝٳݳïÇå ݳ˳ӻéÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇÝ: àõë³ÝáÕ³Ï³Ý ÷³é³ïáÝÇ ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÙ ³Ýóϳóí»ó ݳ¨ Ùñó³Ý³Ï³μ³ßËáõÃÛáõÝ, áñÇ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ß³ËÙ³ïÇ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ ù³é³ÏÇ ã»ÙåÇáÝ êÙμ³ï ÈåáõïÛ³ÝÁ ¨ ÐÐ-áõÙ Ðݹϳëï³ÝÇ Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñï³Ï³ñ· ¨ Édz½áñ ¹»ëå³Ý êáõñ»ß ´³μáõÝ å³ñ·¨³ïñ»óÇÝ Ñ³ÛÑÝ¹Ï³Ï³Ý ß³ËÙ³ï³ÛÇÝ Ùñó³í»×Ç Ñ³ÕÃáÕÝ»ñÇÝ ¨ ßÝáñѳϳÉáõÃÛáõÝ Ñ³ÛïÝ»óÇÝ ´àõÐ-Ç Õ»Ï³í³ñáõÃÛ³ÝÁª ÝٳݳïÇå ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÇÝ ³ç³Ïó»Éáõ ѳٳñ: ä³ñ·¨Ý»ñ ѳÝÓÝí»óÇÝ Ý³¨ §È³í³·áõÛÝ ËáõÙμ¦ ¨ §È³í³·áõÛÝ áõë³ÝáÕ¦ ³Ýí³Ý³Ï³ñ·»ñáõÙ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ª §²éáÕç μÅÇßÏ-2015¦ ëåáñï³ÛÇÝ ³é³çÝáõÃÛ³Ý Å³Ù³Ý³Ï Ùñó³Ý³Ï³ÛÇÝ ï»Õ»ñ ½μ³Õ»óñ³Í Ù³ëݳÏÇóÝ»ñÇÝ: ºñ³ÝÇ »ë ¿É ÝáñÇó áõë³ÝáÕ ÉÇÝ»Ç... ²Æ¸² вÎà´Ú²Ü

18

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

§Ð³ïÇë¦ ³ñß³í³ËáõÙμÁ ÑÇß³ï³ÏáõÙ ¿ Ù»ñ Ù»Í Ñ³ÕóݳÏÝ»ñÁ

кðÂ²Î²Ü ²ðÞ²ìÀª ºԺÜÆê ºä´Ð-Ç §Ð³ïÇë¦ É»éݳ·Ý³óÝ»ñÇ ³ÏáõÙμÁ ÛáõñáíÇ Ýß»ó гÛñ»Ý³Ï³Ý å³ï»ñ³½ÙáõÙ ï³ñ³Í ѳÕóݳÏÇ ¨ ÞáõßÇÇ ³½³ï³·ñÙ³Ý ûñÁ: ²ÏáõÙμÇ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÁ ºä´Ð-Ç ¹³ë³Ëáë سñïáõÝ Ø³ñïÇñáëÛ³ÝÇ Õ»Ï³í³ñáõÃÛ³Ùμ μ³ñÓñ³ó³Ý »ջÝÇë É»é: »ջÝÇë É»éÁ ̳ÕÏáõÝÛ³ó É»éݳßÕóÛÇ ³Ù»Ý³μ³ñÓñ ·³·³ÃÝ ¿, áñÇ μ³ñÓñáõÃÛáõÝÁ 2.851 Ù»ïñ ¿: ²ÛÝ ·»Õ»óÇÏ ¿ ï³ñí³ μáÉáñ »Õ³Ý³ÏÝ»ñÇÝ, μ³Ûó ·³ñݳÝÁ ³ÛÝ ³é³í»É ·»Õ»óÇÏ ¿: ²ÙμáÕç ׳ݳå³ñÑÇÝ ½·³óíáõÙ ¿ñ ·³ñÝ³Ý ßáõÝãÁ: ÞáõñçμáÉáñÁ ϳݳ㠳Ýï³éÝ»ñ, ·áõÛݽ·áõÛÝ Í³ÕÇÏÝ»ñáí å³ïí³Í Ù³ñ·³·»ïÇÝÝ»ñ ¿ÇÝ: ÆÝãå»ë áñ ѳÕóݳÏÝ»ñÇÝ Ñ³ëÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ ¿ ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßï ¹Åí³ñ ¨ ÷áñÓáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáí ÉÇ ×³Ý³å³ñÑ ³ÝóÝ»É, ³ÛÝå»ë ¿É Ûáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñ É»é μ³ñÓñ³Ý³ÉáõÝ: ÊáÝ³í »Õ³Ý³ÏÁ ¹Åí³ñáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ñ ëï»ÕÍáõÙª ó»Ëáí å³ï»Éáí Ù»ñ áïù»ñÁ: ̳Ýñ, μ³Ûó ѳٳé ù³ÛÉ»ñáí ³é³ç ¿ÇÝù ß³ñÅíáõÙ: Þáõïáí ѳë³Ýù »ջÝÇëÇ É³ÝçÇÝ ·ïÝíáÕ Â»Õ»ÝÛ³ó í³Ýù,

áñï»Õ ѳݹÇå»óÇÝù ÙÇ ËáõÙμ ¹åñáó³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇ: ØdzݳÉáí Ýñ³Ýó ËÙμÇݪ ѳÛñ»Ý³ëÇñ³Ï³Ý á·áí Éóí³Í, í³ÝùáõÙ ÑÝã»óñÇÝù ³½·³·ñ³Ï³Ý »ñ·Ý áõ å³ñÁ: ²å³ Ññ³Å»ßï ï³Éáí Ýñ³Ýóª ß³ñáõݳϻóÇÝù í»ñ»ÉùÁ: ºñϳñ áõ ¹Åí³ñ ׳ݳå³ñÑÁ Ù»½ ѳëóñ»ó ·³·³Ã: ¶³·³ÃÇó μ³óíáõÙ ¿ñ Ñdzëù³Ýã ï»ë³ñ³Ý: ØÇ ÏáÕÙÇó »ñ¨áõÙ ¿ÇÝ ²å³ñ³ÝÇ

çñ³Ùμ³ñÁ, çñ³Ùμ³ñÁ çñ³Ù Ùμ³ñÁ Á ²ñ³·³ÍÇ 4 ·³·³ÃÝ»ñÝ áõ ²ñ³ÛÇ É»éÁ, ÙÛáõë ÏáÕÙÇóª ꨳݳ ÉÇ×Á, ¶»Õ³Ù³ É»éݳßÕÃ³Ý áõ ̳ÕÏáõÝÛ³ó É»éÁ: ²ñß³íÇ ³í³ñïÇÝ ßÝáñѳíáñ»óÇÝù ÙÇÙÛ³Ýó, Éáõë³Ýϳñí»óÇÝù ¨ μéÝ»óÇÝù ѻﹳñÓÇ ×³Ù÷³Ý: ²êÂÆܺ ê²ð¶êÚ²Ü 414 ËáõÙμ

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

19

ÐáõÝÇëÇ 1-Á »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñÝ ¿

ºñ»Ë³ÛÇ ³éáÕçáõÃÛáõÝÁª ³Ù»ÝûñÛ³ Ñá·ë ÐáõÝÇëÇ 1-Á ÏñÏݳÏÇ ïáÝ ¿ ÙÇÉÇáݳíáñ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ѳٳñ, ù³ÝÇ áñ ³ÛÝ áã ÙdzÛÝ Ð ³½¹³ñ³ñáõÙ ¿ »ñϳñ ëå³ëí³Í ³Ùé³Ý ëÏǽμÁ, ³Ûɨ` ³ß˳ñÑÇ μ³½Ù³ÃÇí ³ »ñÏñÝ»ñáõÙ ÝßíáõÙ áñå»ë »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý » ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Ù ûñ, áñÁ ѳٳñíáõÙ ¿ ³ß˳ñÑÇ ³Ù»Ý³ÑÇÝ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ïáÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏÁ: Ù îáÝÁ î Ñéã³Ïí»É ¿ 1925-Çݪ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ μ³ñ»Ï»óáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³ñó»ñÇÝ ÝíÇñí³Í ÄÝ¨Û³Ý Ä Ñ³Ù³ß˳ñѳÛÇÝ Ñ³Ù³ÅáÕáíÇ ßñç³Ý³ÏáõÙ: ²ÛÝáõѳݹ»ñÓª ѳÛïÝÇ ã¿, û à ÇÝãáõ ¿ ³Û¹ ïáÝÁ ë³ÑÙ³Ýí»É Ñ»Ýó ÑáõÝÇëÇ 1-ÇÝ: Àëï í³ñϳÍÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏǪ ê³Ý ê üñ³ÝóÇëÏáÛáõÙ âÇݳëï³ÝÇ ·É˳íáñ ÑÛáõå³ïáëÝ ³Û¹ ûñÁ ѳí³ù»É ¿ ãÇݳóÇ ã áñμáõÏÝ»ñÇÝ áõ Ýñ³Ýó ѳٳñ Ù»Í ïáݳËÙμáõÃÛáõÝ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñå»É: Æ ¹»åª ¹ ÝáõÛÝ ûñÝ ¿ ³Ýóϳóí»É ݳ¨ ÄÝ¨Ç í»ñáÑÇßÛ³É §Ù³Ýϳϳݦ ѳٳÅáÕáíÁ: гÛïÝÇ Ð ¿, áñ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ ÙÇç³·³ÛÇÝ ûñÝ áõÝÇ Çñ ë»÷³Ï³Ý ¹ñáßÁ. ³×, Ý»ñ¹³ßݳÏáõÃÛáõÝ, óñÙáõÃÛáõÝ áõ μ»ññÇáõÃÛáõÝ ËáñÑñ¹³ÝßáÕ Ï³Ý³ã ·áõÛÝÇ Ý ýáÝÇÝ ï»Õ³Ï³Ûí³Í »Ý μáÉáñ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ ÁݹѳÝáõñ ï³Ý` ºñÏÇñ ÙáÉáñ³ÏÇ ý Ýß³ÝÝ Ý áõ ϳñÙÇñ, ¹»ÕÇÝ, ϳåáõÛï, ëåÇï³Ï áõ ë¨ Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÛÇÝ ýÇ·áõñÝ»ñ: ¸ñ³Ýù ¸ ËáñÑñ¹³ÝßáõÙ »Ý μ³½Ù³½³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ áõ ѳÙμ»ñ³ï³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ: ijٳݳϳÏÇó Ä ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ ÑáõÝÇëÇ 1-Á ÝßíáõÙ ¿ μ³½Ù³ÃÇí Ùß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ áõ ½í³ñ׳ÝùÇ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñáí, áñáÝù ³ÙμáÕçáõÃÛ³Ùμ ÝíÇñí³Í »Ý »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇÝ: ½ ê³Ï³ÛÝ Ï³ñ¨áñ ¿ ÑÇß»É, áñ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ûñÁ áã ê ÙdzÛÝ áõñ³Ë ïáÝ ¿, ³Ûɨ` ÑÇß»óáõ٠ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³ÝÝ ³ÛÝ Ù³ëÇÝ, áñ ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßï Ù ¿ å³ßïå³Ý»É »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÁ, áñå»ë½Ç Ýñ³Ýù »ñç³ÝÇÏ Ù»Í³Ý³Ý, ÏñÃáõÃÛáõÝ ëï³Ý³Ý, ½μ³Õí»Ý ëÇñ³Í ·áñÍáí áõ ³å³·³ÛáõÙ ÉÇÝ»Ý ûñÇݳϻÉÇ Ï ÍÝáÕÝ»ñ áõ ù³Õ³ù³óÇÝ»ñ: Í ´ÅÇßÏÝ»ñÁ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ ïáÝÁ ÝßáõÙ »Ý ³Ù»Ý ûñª Çñ»Ýó ³ÝÓÝáõñ³ó ¨ ´ Ñ»ï¨áÕ³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ï³Ýùáí, Ýå³ï³Ï áõݻݳÉáí ³å³Ñáí»É ³éáÕç ë»ñÝ¹Ç Ñ ³éϳÛáõÃÛáõÝÁ:

- àõ±ñ ·Ý³óÇÝ Í³ÕÇÏÝ»ñÁ,

ÐáõÝÇëÇ 4-Á ³·ñ»ëdzÛÇó ïáõÅ³Í ³ÝÙ»Õ

- êáõ¯ë, ùÝ³Í »Ý ÑáÕÇ ï³Ï:

»ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñÝ ¿

ì. ¶Ûáû гñÛáõñ³íáñ ï³ñÇÝ»ñ ³é³ç`1400-ÇÝ, ³ñÛáõݳñμáõ È»ÝÏ Â»ÙáõñÁ ϳݷݻó í³ñ¹»ñáí ѳÛïÝÇ êí³½Ç Ù³ïáõÛóÝ»ñáõÙ: ê³ñë³÷³Ñ³ñ μݳÏÇãÝ»ñÁ Ïáñͳݳñ³ñÇÝ Ù»ÕÙ»Éáõ ѳٳñ Ýñ³Ý Áݹ³é³ç áõÕ³ñÏ»óÇÝ í³ñ¹»ñÇ ÷Ýç»ñÝ Çñ»Ýó Ó»éù»ñÇ Ù»ç å³Ñ³Í, ëåÇï³Ï ѳ·Ýí³Í 1.000 Ù³Ýϳѳë³Ï »ñ»Ë³: È»ÝÏ Â»ÙáõñÁ ѳ۳óù Ó·»ó Ýñ³Ýó íñ³, ³å³ ÏïñáõÏ ³ñӳϻó Çñ Ññ³Ù³ÝÁ. ÙáÝÕáÉ³Ï³Ý Ñ»Í»É³½áñÇ ÓÇ»ñÇ ëÙμ³ÏÝ»ñÇ ï³Ï Ùdz˳éÝí»Éáí ïñáñí»ó í³ñ¹»ñÇ áõ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ ³ÝÙ»ÕáõÃÛáõÝÁ: ÐÇÝ ï³ñ»·ÇñÝ»ñÁ ³ñӳݳ·ñ»É »Ý ë³ áñå»ë Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÛÇÝ ã³ñ³·áñÍáõÃÛ³Ý Ññ»ß³íáñ ûñÇݳÏ: ê³Ï³ÛÝ, áñù³Ý ¿É áÕμ»ñ·³Ï³Ý, ¹Åμ³Ëï³μ³ñ, ë³ Ý³Ë»ñ·³ÝùÝ ¿ñ ³é³í»É ë³ñë³÷»ÉÇ áÕμ»ñ·áõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ: 1914-22ÃÃ. ó»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ»ï¨³Ýùáí ßáõñç 500.000 Ñ³Û »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñ ëå³Ýí»óÇÝ, áÕç³Ïǽí»óÇÝ, Ãáõݳíáñí»óÇÝ, ˻չ³Ù³Ñ ³ñí»óÇÝ, ٳѳó³Ý ëáíÇó, ѳٳ׳ñ³ÏÝ»ñÇó: Þ³ï »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñ áñμ³ó³Ý, μéÝÇ Çëɳٳóí»óÇÝ: 1982-Ç û·áëïáëÇ 19-ÇÝ Ø²Î-Ç ·É˳íáñ ³ë³ÙμÉ»³Ý ÝÇëï ¿ñ ·áõÙ³ñ»É: Üñ³Ýù ùÝݳñÏáõÙ ¿ÇÝ ÈÇμ³Ý³ÝÇ áõ ä³Õ»ëïÇÝÇ ³ÝÙ»Õ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ Ñ³ñóÁ, áíù»ñ ïáõÅ»É ¿ÇÝ Æëñ³Û»ÉÇ ³·ñ»ëdzÛÇó: ºí Ñ»Ýó ³Ûë ÝÇëïÇ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ¿É áñáßí»ó ÑáõÝÇëÇ 4-Á ¹³ñÓÝ»É ï³ñμ»ñ Çñ³íÇ׳ÏÝ»ñáõÙ ³·ñ»ëdzÛÇ ½áÑ ¹³ñÓ³Í ³ÝÙ»Õ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ß˳ñѳÛÇÝ ûñ: ò³íáù` Ù»ñ ûñ»ñáõÙ ¿É »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÝ ³å³Ñáíí³Í ã»Ý

20

í»ñ³μ»ñÙáõÝùÇó ÉÇÝÇ ï³ÝÁ û` ¹ñëáõÙ: ²Û¹åÇëÇ ³·ñ»ëÇí í»ñ³μ»ñÙáõÝùÇó. ï³ÝÁ, û Çñ³íÇ׳ÏÝ»ñáõÙ ·ïÝíáÕ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñ ÙÇßï ¿É Ï³Ý: ÆëÏ Çñ³íÇ׳ÏÝ»ñÁ ï³ñμ»ñ »Ý` å³ï»ñ³½ÙÝ»ñ, ϳ٠¿É, áñ ³í»ÉÇ í³ï ¿` í³ï ÁÝï³ÝÇù áõ í³ï ÍÝáÕÝ»ñ: ÐáõÝÇëÇ 4-Á ¹³ñÓ³í ÇÝùÝ»ñë Ù»½ í»ñ³Ý³Û»Éáõ ûñ: ºñ»Ë³Ý»ñÝ ³ñųÝÇ ã»Ý í³ï å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñÇ, ù³ÝÇ áñ Ýñ³Ýù »Ý ³Ù»Ý³³Ýå³ßïå³Ý ¿³ÏÝ»ñÁ: ä³ßïå³Ý»Ýù Ýñ³Ýó, ÇëÏ ³í»ÉÇ É³í ¿` ëï»ÕÍ»Ýù å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñ, áñ å³ßïå³Ý»Éáõ ϳñÇù ³Ûɨë ãÉÇÝÇ:

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

ÐáõÝÇëÇ 1-Á ѳٳÉë³ñ³Ý³Ï³Ý ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóÝ»ñáõÙ ÐáõÝÇëÇ 1-ÇÝ ºñ¨³ÝÇ Ø.лñ³óáõ ³Ýí³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ §Ð»ñ³óǦ ÃÇí 1 ¨ §Øáõñ³ó³Ý¦ ÑÇí³Ý¹³Ýáó³ÛÇÝ Ñ³Ù³ÉÇñÝ»ñáõ٠ѳ׻ÉÇ Çñ³ñ³ÝóáõÙ ¿ñ. ÝßíáõÙ ¿ñ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñÁ: ºä´Ð ÑÇí³Ý¹³Ýáó³ÛÇÝ Ñ³Ù³ÉÇñÝ»ñÇ ³ß˳ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñÇ ç³Ýù»ñáí, ·»Õ»óÇÏ, Ñ»ï³ùñùÇñ ¨ áõëáõóáÕ³Ï³Ý ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñ ¿ÇÝ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåí»É: ØÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÁ ëÏëí»óÇÝ Ï³í׳ÝϳñãáõÃÛ³Ùμ, áñÇó

Ñ»ïá ÷áùñÇÏÝ»ñÇÝ ÑÛáõñ »Ï³Ý ÙáõÉïÑ»ñáëÝ»ñÝ áõ ͳÕñ³ÍáõÝ»ñÁ: öáùñÇÏÝ»ñÁ ˳ջñ ˳ճóÇÝ, μ³Ý³ëï»ÕÍáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ³ñï³ë³Ý»óÇÝ, »ñ·»óÇÝ: ì»ñçáõÙ Ù³ÝáõÏÝ»ñÇÝ μ³Å³Ýí»óÇÝ ÷áõãÇÏÝ»ñ ¨ Ýí»ñÝ»ñ:

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

21

ÐáõÝÇëÇ 15-Á å»ï³Ï³Ý ËáñÑñ¹³ÝÇß»ñÇ ûñÝ ¿

غð ÆÜøÜàõÂÚàõÜÀ

¸ðàÞ ¸ñáßÁ ·áñͳÍí»É ¿ ¹»é¨ë ÐÇÝ ³ß˳ñÑÇ »ñÏñÝ»ñáõÙª ³é³í»É³å»ë é³½Ù³Ï³Ý Ýå³ï³ÏÝ»ñáíª áñå»ë ½ÇÝíáñÝ»ñÇ Ñ³í³ùÇ áõ ѳٳËÙμí»Éáõ, Ñ»éíÇó ɳí ï»ë³Ý»ÉÇ Ýß³Ý: ¸ñáßÇ û·ï³·áñÍÙ³Ý í»ñ³μ»ñÛ³É Ñ³Ûáó ³Ù»Ý³í³Õ ï»Õ»ÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ ϳåí³Í ¿ гÛÏ Ü³Ñ³å»ïÇ ³Ýí³Ý Ñ»ï. ·³Éáí ´½ÝáõÝÛ³ó ÍáíÇ (ì³Ý³ ÉÇ×) ßñç³ÝÁª ݳ Çñ ¹ñáßÝ ¿ å³ñ½»É ÙÇ Å³ÛéÇ íñ³: ²ñÛáõÝÇó Íáñ³Í »ñǽ ÙÇ Ï³ñÙÇñ, ºñÏÝùÇó åáÏí³Í Ïïáñ ÙÇ Ï³åáõÛï, гëáõÝ Ñ³ëÏ»ñÇ ßáÕ Ý³ñÝç³·áõÛÝ ºí ¹³ñ»ñÇ Ñ³í³ïÇ ¹ñáß ºé³·áõÛÝ: àõ±Ù ãÇ Ñáõ½áõÙ å»ï³Ï³Ý ¹ñáßÇ μ³ñÓñ³óáõÙÁ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Ùñó³ß³ñ»ñáõÙ, »ñμ ѳ۳½·Ç Ù³ñ½ÇÏÇ å³ïíÇÝ Ñ³Ý¹Çë³íáñáõÃÛ³Ùμ í»ñ ¿ μ³ñÓñ³Ýáõ٠ѳÛáó »é³·áõÛÝÁ, ¨ ÑÝãáõÙ ¿ Ù»ñ ûñÑÝ»ñ·Á:

úðÐܺð¶ ä»ï³Ï³Ý ûñÑÝ»ñ·Á ѳݹÇë³íáñ »ñ³Åßï³Ï³Ý ëï»Õͳ·áñÍáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ª ·ñí³Í Íñ³·ñ³ÛÇÝ μÝáõÛÃÇ μ³Ý³ëï»ÕÍáõÃÛ³Ý Ëáëù»ñáí:

ä»ï³Ï³Ý ûñÑÝ»ñ·Á ÑÝãáõÙ ¿ å³ßïáÝ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ý¹ÇëáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï å»ï³Ï³Ý ¹ñáßÁ μ³ñÓñ³óÝ»ÉÇë, ÝáñÁÝïÇñ ݳ˳·³ÑÇ »ñ¹Ù³Ý ³ñ³ñáÕáõÃÛ³Ý, ²½·³ÛÇÝ ÅáÕáíÇ Ýëï³ßñç³ÝÝ»ñÇ, ѳÝñ³å»ïáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ ³ÝóϳóíáÕ ½áñ³Ñ³Ý¹»ëÝ»ñÇ, ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ¨ ѳٳå»ï³Ï³Ý Ù³ñ½³Ï³Ý ÙñóáõÙÝ»ñÇ å³ßïáÝ³Ï³Ý μ³óÙ³Ý áõ ÷³ÏÙ³Ý Å³Ù³Ý³Ï: ºñμ ÑÝãáõÙ ¿ å»ï³Ï³Ý ûñÑÝ»ñ·Á, Ý»ñϳݻñÁ áïùÇ »Ý ϳݷÝáõÙ ¨ ¹»Ùùáí ßñçíáõÙ ¹»åÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý ¹ñáßÁ, ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ Ñ³ÝáõÙ »Ý ·É˳ñÏÝ»ñÁ:

¼ÆܲÜÞ²Ü ä»ï³Ï³Ý ½ÇݳÝß³ÝÁ ËáñÑñ¹³ÝßáõÙ ¿ »ñÏñÇ Ñ³ë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý-ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ϳñ·Á: ì³Õ ³ÝóÛ³ÉáõÙ ³½Ýí³Ï³Ý³Ï³Ý ϳ٠ÇßË³Ý³Ï³Ý ïÝ»ñÁ, »ñμ»ÙÝ Ý³¨ ³é³ÝÓÇÝ ³ÝÓ»ñ, å»ïáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³½ÙÇ Ù»ç ÙïÝáÕ í³ñã³ï³ñ³Íù³ÛÇÝ ÙdzíáñÝ»ñ ÝáõÛÝå»ë áõÝ»ó»É »Ý Çñ»Ýó ½ÇݳÝß³ÝÝ»ñÁ: ÐÐ ½ÇݳÝß³ÝÇ Ï»ÝïñáÝáõÙª í³Ñ³ÝÇ íñ³, å³ïÏ»ñí³Í »Ý ²ñ³ñ³ï É»éÁª ÜáÛ³Ý ï³å³Ýáí, ¨ å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ 4 ó·³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñǪ ´³·ñ³ïáõÝÇÝ»ñÇ, ²ñß³ÏáõÝÇÝ»ñÇ, ²ñï³ßÇëÛ³ÝÝ»ñÇ ¨ èáõμÇÝÛ³ÝÝ»ñÇ ½ÇݳÝß³ÝÝ»ñÁ: ì³Ñ³ÝÁ å³ÑáõÙ »Ý ³ñÍÇíÁ ¨ ³éÛáõÍÁ, ÇëÏ í³Ñ³ÝÇó Ý»ñù¨ å³ïÏ»ñí³Í »Ý ëáõñ, ×ÛáõÕ, ѳëÏ»ñÇ ËáõñÓ, ßÕó áõ ųå³í»Ý: ÐÐ ½ÇݳÝß³ÝÇ å³ïÏ»ñÁ ï»Õ³¹ñíáõÙ ¿ μáÉáñ ³ÛÝ ß»Ýù»ñÇ ×³Ï³ïÝ»ñÇÝ, áñï»Õ ͳͳÝíáõÙ ¿ ÐÐ ¹ñáßÁ:

îáÝ»ñ, ïáÝ»ñ...

ø³Õóñ ïáÝ

ÐáõÉÇëÇ 11-Á ßáÏáɳ¹Ç ѳٳß˳ñѳÛÇÝ ûñÝ ¿ سñ¹Ï³Ýó Ù»Í Ï³åí³ÍáõÃÛáõÝÁ ßáÏáɳ¹ÇÝ ·ÇïݳϳÝÝ»ñÁ μ³ó³ïñáõÙ »Ý ³ÛÝ μ³½Ù³ÃÇí û·ï³Ï³ñ ÝÛáõûñáí, áñáÝù ³éϳ »Ý ßáÏáɳ¹áõÙ: ÞáÏáɳ¹áõÙ Ï³Ý Ý³¨ ÝÛáõûñ, áñáÝù Ýå³ëïáõÙ »Ý ѳݷëïÇÝ ¨ Ñá·»μ³Ý³Ï³Ý í»ñ³Ï³Ý·ÝÙ³ÝÁ, ß³ï»ñÁ ßáÏáɳ¹Á ÝáõÛÝÇëÏ ¹Çï³ñÏáõÙ »Ý áñå»ë ¹»åñ»ëdzÛÇó ¹áõñë ·³Éáõ ÙÇçáó: ºÝó¹ñáõÃÛáõÝ Ï³ ݳ¨, áñ ßáÏáɳ¹Á ѳϳù³ÕóϻճÛÇÝ Ñ³ïÏáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝÇ ¨ ¹³Ý¹³Õ»óÝáõÙ ¿ Í»ñ³óáõÙÁ: ²ß˳ñÑÇ ï³ñμ»ñ »ñÏñÝ»ñáõÙ ³Ûëûñ ³ñ¹»Ý ³å³óáõóí³Í ¾ ѳٳñíáõÙ ³ÛÝ ÷³ëïÁ, áñ ϳϳáÝ ÁݹѳÝñ³å»ë »ñϳñ³óÝáõÙ ¾ ÏÛ³ÝùÁ, ÇëÏ Ñáɳݹ³óÇ ·ÇïݳϳÝÝ»ñÁ åݹáõÙ »Ý, áñ ³ÛÝ ³é³í»É³·áõÛÝë ¹ñ³Ï³Ý ¾ ³½¹áõÙ ÑÕÇ Ï³Ý³Ýó íñ³: ¶ÇïݳϳÝÝ»ñÁ å³ñ½»É »Ý, áñ Ýñ³Ýù, áíù»ñ ûñ³Ï³Ý áõïáõÙ »Ý Ùáï 7,5 · ßáÏáɳ¹` Ùáï Ù»Ï ÏáÝý»ï, ëñïÇ Ï³Ãí³ÍÇ íï³Ý·Çó 39%-áí ³å³Ñáí³·ñí³Í »Ý: ÞáÏáɳ¹Ç å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝÁ ëÏëíáõÙ ¿ Ø»ùëÇϳÛÇó: 1502-ÇÝ, »ñμ øñÇëï³÷áñ ÎáÉáõÙμáëÁ áïù ¹ñ»ó ³óï»ÏÝ»ñÇ ÑáÕÇ íñ³, áñå»ë ÑÛáõñÁÝϳÉáõÃÛ³Ý Ý߳ݪ Ýñ³Ý Ù»Ï μ³Å³Ï ï³ù ßáÏáɳ¹ Ù³ïáõó»óÇÝ, áñÇó ݳ Ññ³Å³ñí»ó: 1519-ÇÝ Ø»ùëÇϳÛÇ ³÷»ñÇÝ Ùáï»ó³í

22

Îáñï»ëÁ, áí ѳí³Ý»ó ËÙÇãùÁ` Ýñ³ Ù»ç ß³ù³ñ»Õ»· ³í»É³óÝ»Éáí: Üáñ ËÙÇãùÁ ѳí³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñųݳó³í Çëå³Ý³Ï³Ý ³ñùáõÝÇùáõÙ, áñï»Õ ³ÛÝ ³Ýí³Ý»óÇÝ §ë¨ áëÏǦ: ²ñ¹»Ý 1615ÇÝ ²Ýݳ ²íëïñdzóáõ` ÈÛáõ¹áíÇÏáë 13-ñ¹Ç ÏÝáç ç³Ýù»ñáí ßáÏáɳ¹Á ѳÛïÝí»ó ýñ³ÝëÇ³Ï³Ý ³ñùáõÝÇùáõÙ: î³ëݳÙÛ³ÏÝ»ñ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï ßáÏáɳ¹Ý û·ï³·áñÍíáõÙ ¿ñ ÙdzÛÝ Ñ»ÕáõÏ íÇ׳ÏáõÙ, ë³ÉÇÏ ³ÛÝ ¹³ñÓ³í 19-ñ¹ ¹³ñÇ Ï»ë»ñÇÝ: 1828-ÇÝ Ñáɳݹ³óÇ ÎáÝñ³¹ í³Ý гáõûÝÁ Ñǹñ³íÉÇÏ Ù³ÙÉÇã ëï»ÕÍ»ó, áñÇ ÙÇçáóáí ϳϳáÛÇ Ñ³ïÇÏÝ»ñÇó ÛáõÕ ¿ÇÝ ½ïáõÙ: 1874-ÇÝ ³Ý·ÉÇ³Ï³Ý §üñ³Û ¨ áñ¹ÇÝ»ñ¦ ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ ³Û¹ ÛáõÕÇÝ Ë³éÝ»óÇÝ ß³ù³ñ áõ ϳϳáÛÇ ÷áßÇ ¨ ëï»ÕÍ»óÇÝ ³é³çÇÝ ßáÏáɳ¹» ë³ÉÇÏÁ: 1875-ÇÝ ·áÛáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»ñ ³ñ¹»Ý ݳ¨

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

ϳÃáí ßáÏáɳ¹Á, ÇëÏ Þí»Ûó³ñÇ³Ý Ñ³ëóñ»É ¿ÇÝ Ñéã³Ï»É §ßáÏáɳ¹Ç »ñÏÇñ¦: ºë ³éÇà »Ù áõÝ»ó»É Ù³ëݳÏó»É ßáÏáɳ¹Ç ïáÝÇÝ Þí»Ûó³ñdzÛáõÙ: ´³½Ù³åÇëÇ áõ μ³½Ù³·áõÛÝ ßáÏáɳ¹Ç ß³ïñí³ÝÝ»ñÁ, μáõñ·»ñÁ, ßáÏáɳ¹áí ëï»ÕÍí³Í å³ïÏ»ñÝ»ñÁ ëïÇåáõÙ ¿ÇÝ Ñdzݳɪ ãÙï³Í»Éáí ³Û¹ Ññ³ßùÝ»ñÁ áõï»Éáõ Ù³ëÇÝ: ¶»ñٳݳóÇÝ ï³ñ»Ï³Ý áõïáõÙ ¿ 8 Ï· ßáÏáɳ¹, ³Ý·ÉdzóÇÝ ¨ μ»É·Ç³óÇÝ` 9 Ï·, ßí»Ûó³ñ³óÇÝ` 11 Ï·: üñ³ÝëdzóÇÝ»ñÁ ÙdzÛÝ êáõñμ ÌÝÝ¹Û³Ý ïáÝ»ñÇÝ áõïáõÙ »Ý 36.000 ßáÏáɳ¹» ÏáÝý»ï, áñáÝù Çñ»Ýó ù³ßáí 4 ³Ý·³Ù ·»ñ³½³ÝóáõÙ »Ý ¿Ûý»ÉÛ³Ý ³ßï³ñ³ÏÇ ÏßÇéÁ: ųٳݳϳÏÇó ³Ù»ñÇϳóÇÝ»ñÇ 90 ïáÏáëÁ ßáÏáɳ¹ ¿ áõïáõÙ ³Ù»Ý ûñ:

ê.Â.

лï³ùñùÇñ ÷³ëï»ñ ¹ñáßÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ ²ß˳ñÑÇ ³Ù»Ý³ÑÇÝ ¹ñáßÁ âÝ³Û³Í ³ÛÝ μ³ÝÇÝ, áñ ³é³çÇÝ ¹ñáßÝ»ñÝ Ç Ñ³Ûï »Ý »Ï»É âÇݳëï³ÝáõÙ ¨ Ðݹϳëï³ÝáõÙ, ³Û¹áõѳݹ»ñÓ` Ñݳñ³íáñ ã¿ Ñëï³Ï ³ë»É, û ÏáÝÏñ»ï ÇÝã ï»ëù ¿ áõÝ»ó»É ³Ù»Ý³³é³çÇÝ ¹ñáßÁ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ³å³óáõóí³Í ¿, áñ ¸³ÝdzÛÇ ³½·³ÛÇÝ ¹ñáßÁª ¸³ÝÝ»μáñ·Á, ·áñÍáÕ ¹ñáßÝ»ñÇó Ñݳ·áõÛÝÝ ¿ ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ: ¸³ÝÝ»μáñ·Á ѳݹÇë³ÝáõÙ ¿ ¸³ÝdzÛÇ ³½·³ÛÇÝ ¹ñáßÁ 1219-Ç ÑáõÝÇëÇ 15-Çó, ¨ ÑÇÙù ¿ ¹³ñÓ»É êϳݹÇݳíÛ³Ý μáÉáñ »ñÏñÝ»ñÇ ¹ñáßÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ØÇÝã å»ï³Ï³Ý ËáñÑñ¹³ÝÇß ¹³éݳÉÁ, ³Ý ÏÇñ³éíáõÙ ¿ñ íÇÏÇÝ·Ý»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó í»ñ³ÑëÏíáÕ ï³ñ³ÍùÝ»ñáõÙ ¨ áõÝ»ñ »é³ÝÏÛáõݳӨ ï»ëù:

²½¹³Ý߳ݳÛÇÝ ¹ñáßÝ»ñ Ìáí³ÛÇÝ Í³é³ÛáÕÝ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó ųٳݳÏÇÝ ëï»ÕÍí»É ¨ Ùß³Ïí»É ¿ ѳïáõÏ É»½áõ, áñÁ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ ï³ÉÇë í»ñçÇÝÝ»ñÇë Ñ»é³íáñ ï³ñ³ÍáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»áõ٠ѳÕáñ¹³ÏÇó ÉÇÝ»É ÙÇÙÛ³Ýó Ñ»ï: гïáõÏ Ïá¹³íáñí³Í ³½¹³Ýß³ÝÝ»ñÇ áõ ·áõݳíáñ ¹ñáßÝ»ñÇ ÙÇçáóáí ݳí³ëïÇÝ»ñÁ ϳñáÕ³ÝáõÙ ¿ÇÝ Çñ³ñ å³ÛÙ³Ý³Ï³Ý ³½¹³Ýß³ÝÝ»ñ áõÕ³ñÏ»É: ²½¹³Ý߳ݳÛÇÝ ¹ñáßÝ»ñÁ Íáí³·Ý³óáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç ɳÛÝáñ»Ý ëÏë»É »Ý ÏÇñ³éí»É ¹»é¨ë 19-ñ¹ ¹³ñÇ ëϽμÇó ÙÇÝã ûñë:

àã áõÕÕ³ÝÏÛáõݳӨ ¹ñáß ²ß˳ñÑáõÙ ÙÇ³Ï áã áõÕÕ³ÝÏÛáõݳӨ ¹ñáßÁ Ü»å³ÉÇÝÝ ¿: ²Ûë ¹ñáßáõ٠ϳñÙÇñ ·áõÛÝÁ »ñÏñÇ ËáñÑñ¹³ÝÇß Ñ³Ù³ñíáÕ éá¹á¹»Ý¹ñáÝ Í³ÕÇÏÇ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ å³ï»ñ³½ÙÝ»ñáõÙ ï³ñ³Í ѳÕóݳÏÝ»ñÇ ·áõÛÝÝ ¿, ϳåáõÛïÁª ˳ճÕáõÃÛ³Ý: ØÇÝ㨠1962-Á ¹ñáßÇ íñ³ å³ïÏ»ñí³Í ³ñ¨Ý áõ ÏÇë³ÉáõëÇÝÝ áõÝ»ÇÝ Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÛÇÝ »ñ»ëÝ»ñ: àõß³·ñ³í ¿ ݳ¨, áñ ³Û¹ ¹ñáßÁ μ³Õϳó³Í ¿ »ñÏáõ ¹ñáßÝ»ñÇó, áñáÝù ³é³ÝÓÇÝ-³é³ÝÓÇÝ ÏÇñ³éí»É »Ý í»ñçÇÝ »ñÏáõ ¹³ñ»ñÇ ÁÝóóùáõÙ, ÇëÏ Ùdzíáñí³Í ï³ñμ»ñ³ÏÁ ÏÇñ³éáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç ¿ 19-ñ¹ ¹³ñÇó:

Ç Ñ³Ûï »Ý »Ï»É ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý óï»ñ³μ»Ù áõ ³ÝÑ»ï³ó»É »Ý: Æ ï³ñμ»ñáõÃÛáõÝ ëåÇï³Ï ¹ñáßÇ` ë¨Á ËáñÑñ¹³ÝßáõÙ ¿ ³ÝÑݳ½³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝ ¨ μáÉáñ é»åñ»ëÇí ϳéáõÛóÝ»ñÇ ÅËïáõÙ:

àõñ³Ë èáç»ñÇ ¹ñáß §àõñ³Ë èáç»ñ¦ ³Ýí³ÝáõÙÁ ïñíáõÙ ¿ μáÉáñ ³ÛÝ ¹ñáßÝ»ñÇÝ, áñáÝù Ïáãí³Í »Ý Ù³ïݳÝß»Éáõ ïíÛ³É Ý³íÇ Íáí³Ñ»Ý³Ï³Ý å³ïϳݻÉáõÃÛáõÝÁ: ²Ù»Ý³Ñ³ÛïÝÇ §àõñ³Ë èáç»ñÁ¦ ˳ãí³Í áëÏáñÝ»ñÇ ýáÝÇÝ å³ïÏ»ñí³Í Ù³ñ¹áõ ·³Ý·Ç ÝϳñÝ ¿, áñÁ å³ïÏ»ñí³Í ¿ ë¨ Ïï³íÇ íñ³: 17-18-ñ¹ ¹³ñ»ñÇÝ É³ÛÝ ï³ñ³ÍáõÙ áõÝ»ñ ݳ¨ ³í³½³ÛÇÝ Å³Ù³óáõóÇ å³ïÏ»ñáí §àõñ³Ë èáç»ñÁ¦, ù³Ý½Ç ³¹ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ³í³½³ÛÇÝ Å³Ù³óáõóÝ»ñÁ ºíñáå³ÛáõÙ ËáñÑñ¹³ÝßáõÙ ¿ÇÝ Ù³ÑÁ:

²ñ¨ÙïÛ³Ý ²ýñÇϳÛÇ ¹ñáß ê³ ³ÛÝ ãáñë ¹ñáßÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏÝ ¿, áñáÝù ·ïÝíáõÙ »Ý ¶ñÇÝíÇãÇ Íáí³ÛÇÝ Ã³Ý·³ñ³ÝáõÙª ÈáݹáÝáõÙ: ²ÛÝ Ñ³×³Ë ß÷áÃÙáõÝùáí ѳٳñáõÙ »Ý ´»ÝÇÝÛ³Ý Ï³ÛëñáõÃ³Ý ¹ñáßÁ, áñáíÑ»ï¨ ÙÇÝã ûñë ¿É ³ÝѳÛï ¿ ¹ñ³ ͳ·áõÙݳμ³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ: ´»ÝÇÝÛ³Ý Í³·áõÙ áõݻݳÉáõ í³ñϳÍÁ ϳåí³Í ¿ Ýñ³ Ñ»ï, áñ ³Ûë ¹ñáßÁ ´ñÇï³Ýdz ¿ μ»ñí»É ü. ø»ÝÝ»¹áõ ÏáÕÙÇó 1897-ÇÝ Ï³ï³ñ³Í ´»ÝÇÝÛ³Ý ³ñß³í³ÝùÇó, áñÇ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï μñÇï³Ý³óÇÝ»ñÁ μ³ËáõÙÝ»ñ »Ý áõÝ»ó»É ÇÝãå»ë μ»ÝÇÝÛ³Ý ½áñù»ñÇ, ³ÛÝå»ë ¿É ѳñ³ÏÇó ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Ý»ñÇ Ñ»ï:

سñëÇ ¹ñáß ²Ûë ¹ñáßÁ û¨ áã ÙÇ Çñ³í³μ³Ý³Ï³Ý áõÅ ãáõÝÇ, μ³Ûó ëï»ÕÍí³Í ¿ ѳïáõÏ Ø³ñë ÙáÉáñ³ÏÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ¸ñáßÇ ·áõÝ»ñÁ å³Ûٳݳíáñí³Í »Ý ÙáÉáñ³ÏÇ Ý»ñϳÛÇë íÇ׳ÏÇ ¨ ³å³·³ »Ýó¹ñÛ³É ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý å³ïÙáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ»ï: γñÙÇñ ·áõÛÝÁ ËáñÑñ¹³ÝßáõÙ ¿ ÙáÉáñ³ÏÇ ³Ûëûñí³ ï»ëùÁ, ÇëÏ Ï³Ý³ãÝ áõ ϳåáõÛïÁª ÙáÉáñ³ÏÇ ï»ëùÁ ³å³·³ÛáõÙ:

êåÇï³Ï ¹ñáß

ܳóÇëï³Ï³Ý ¹ñáß

²Ûë ï»ë³ÏÇ ¹ñáßÁ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÝáñ»Ý ׳ݳãí³Í ˳ճÕáõÃÛ³Ý, ½Çݳ¹³¹³ñÇ ¨ μ³Ý³ÏóáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ³é³ç³ñÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ýß³ÝÝ ¿: êåÇï³Ï ¹ñáßÁ íëï³Ñ»óáõÙ ¿, áñ ³ÛÝ ÏñáÕ μ³Ý³ÏóáÕÁ ³Ý½»Ý ¿ ¨ áõÝÇ ÙdzÛÝ Ñ³ÝÓÝí»Éáõ ϳ٠»ñÏËáëáõÃÛáõÝ ëÏë»Éáõ Ýå³ï³Ï: êåÇï³Ï ¹ñáß ÏñáÕ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ã»Ý ϳñáÕ Ïñ³Ï μ³ó»É, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ÙǨÝáõÛÝ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ³ñ·»Éí³Í ¿ Ïñ³Ï μ³ó»É Ýñ³Ýó íñ³:

²Ûë ¹ñáßÁ ûñ¨ë ³Ù»Ý³íÇ×»ÉÇ ¹ñáßÝ ¿ å³ïÙáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç: ØÇÝã ûñë ³ÛÝ ³ñ·»Éí³Í ¿ ÙÇ ß³ñù »ñÏñÝ»ñáõÙ: ²ÛÝ Ý³Ë³·Íí»É ¿ ³ÝÓ³Ùμ ÐÇïÉ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó, áí ѳٳñáõÙ ¿ñ, áñ ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßï ¿ ÏÇñ³é»É γ۽»ñ³Ï³Ý ¶»ñÙ³ÝdzÛÇ ·áõÛÝ»ñÁ, ÇÝãÁ ÏËáñÑñ¹³Ýß»ñ, áñ Ýáñ ¶»ñÙ³ÝÇ³Ý Ñ³ñ·³ÝùÇ ïáõñùÝ ¿ Ù³ïáõóáõÙ ÷³é³Ñ»Õ ³ÝóÛ³ÉÇÝ, áñÝ ³Û¹ù³Ý Ù»Í å³ïÇí ¿ñ μ»ñ»É ·»ñٳݳóÇ ÅáÕáíñ¹ÇÝ: §²Ù»Ý³Ï³ñ¨áñ å³Ñ³ÝçÝ ³é ¹ñáßÁ ϳ۳ÝáõÙ ¿ Ýñ³ÝáõÙ, áñ ³ÛÝ å»ïù ³å³óáõóÇ Çñ ³ñ¹Ûáõݳí»ïáõÃÛáõÝÁ, áñáíÑ»ï¨ Ñ³ÛïÝÇ »Ý ѳñÛáõñ ѳ½³ñ³íáñ ¹»åù»ñ, »ñμ Çñáù É³í ¿ÙμÉ»ÙÁ ¹³ñÓ»É ¿ ëϽμݳå³ï×³éª ß³ñÅÙ³Ý ÝϳïÙ³Ùμ Ñ»ï³ùñùñáõÃÛ³Ý ³é³ç³óٳݦ, - ³ëáõÙ ¿ñ ²¹áÉý ÐÇïÉ»ñÁ:

ê¨ ¹ñáß ê¨ ¹ñáßÁ ¨, ³éѳë³ñ³Ï, ë¨ ·áõÛÝÁ ϳåáõÙ »Ý 1880³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇ ³Ý³ñËdzÛÇ Ñ»ï, áñáíÑ»ï¨ μ³½Ù³ÃÇí ³Ý³ñËÇëï³Ï³Ý ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ³ÝáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ù»ç ³Ýå³ÛÙ³Ý ÑÇß³ï³ÏíáõÙ ¿ñ ³Ûë ·áõÛÝÁ, ÇëÏ §ê¨ ¹ñáߦ ³ÝáõÝáí ÙÇ ù³ÝÇ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ å³ñμ»ñ³μ³ñ

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

23

¶Â²êðîàõÂÚàõܪ ²è²Üò ê²ÐزÜܺðÆ Þ³ï ï³é³å³ÝùÝ»ñ Ï³Ý ³Ûë ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ: ÜÛáõÃ³Ï³Ý ï³é³å³ÝùÁ, ëáíÇ, ³ÝïáõÝáõÃÛ³Ý, μáÉáñ ï»ë³ÏÇ ÑÇí³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ï³é³å³ÝùÁ… ´³Ûó »ë ¹»é¨ë Ùï³ÍáõÙ »Ù, áñ ٻͳ·áõÛÝ ï³é³å³ÝùÁ Ù»Ý³Ï ÉÇÝ»ÉÝ ¿, ãëÇñí³Í ¨ áã áùÇ ãáõݻݳÉáõ ½·³óáÕáõÃÛáõÝÁ: ºë ³ñ¹»Ý ѳë»É »Ù ³ÛÝ ·Çï³ÏóáõÃÛ³ÝÁ, áñ ³Ýó³ÝϳÉÇ ÉÇÝ»ÉÁ ³Ù»Ý³í³ï ÑÇí³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿, áñ Ù³ñ¹Á ϳñáÕ ¿ »ñμ¨Çó» áõݻݳÉ: سÛñ »ñ»½³ ²Ûë ѳÙá½Ù³Ùμ ¿ñ ³åñáõÙ μáÉáñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó ëÇñí³Í áõ Çñ áõÝ»ó³Í §É³íÁ¦ ѳٳÛÝ Ù³ñ¹ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ»ï ÏÇë³Í, μáÉáñÇë ù³ç ѳÛïÝÇ Ø³Ûñ »ñ»½³Ý, ÙÇ ÏÇÝ, áí Çñ ÏÛ³ÝùÁ ÝíÇñ»ó ³Õù³ïÝ»ñÇó ³Õù³ïÝ»ñÇÝ û·Ý»ÉáõÝ: ܳ ÍÝí»É ¿ 1910-ÇÝ, êÏáåÇ» ù³Õ³ùáõÙ: ÌÝáÕÝ»ñÁ »ñ»Ë³ÛÇÝ ÏÝù»É ¿ÇÝ ²·Ý»ë ¶áÝç³: гϳé³Ï Ýñ³Ýó »ñÏñáñ¹ ïÕ³ áõݻݳÉáõ ÷³÷³·ÇÝ` ³Õçϳ ÍÝáõݹÁ »ñç³ÝϳóÝáõÙ ¿ ÍÝáÕÝ»ñÇÝ. Ýñ³Ý ѳٳñáõÙ »Ý ²ëïÍá å³ñ·¨: ²·Ý»ëÇ ¹³ëïdzñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ·áñÍáõÙ ß³ï Ù»Í ¿ »Õ»É Ñáñ ¹»ñÁ, áõÙÇó ³ÕçÇÏÁ ëáíáñ»É ¿ μ³ñ»·áñÍáõÃÛáõÝ ³Ý»É: ²ÕçÇÏÝ áõà ï³ñ»Ï³Ý ¿ñ, »ñμ ѳÛñÝ ³Ýëå³ë»ÉÇ Ù³Ñ³ÝáõÙ ¿: ²·Ý»ëÇ ÑÇßáÕáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç ¹ñáßÙí³Í »Ý ÙÝáõÙ Ñáñ Ëáëù»ñÁ. §àã ÙÇ å³ï³é ãáõï»ë, ³é³Ýó áñ¨¿ Ù»ÏÇ Ñ»ï ÏÇë»Éáõ¦ ¨ §²ÝÓݳëÇñáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ñá·»Ï³Ý ÑÇí³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝ ¿, áñ ù»½ ëïñϳóÝáõÙ ¿` ÃáõÛÉ ãï³Éáí ³åñ»Éáõ ϳ٠áõñÇßÝ»ñÇÝ Í³é³Û»Éáõ¦: ì³ñ¹³å»ïÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏÇ ç³Ýù»ñáí ÑÇÙÝí³Í §êáõñμ ÏáõÛë سñdz٦ ³ÝáõÝáí ÙÇáõÃÛ³ÝÁ Ýñ³ ³Ý¹³Ù³Ïó»ÉÁ Çñ ¹»ñÝ ¿ ˳ÕáõÙ ²·Ý»ëÇ Ñá·¨áñ Ó¨³íáñÙ³Ý Ù»ç: ²ÛÝ Ë³Ý¹³í³é ׳é»ñÝ áõ ù³ñá½Ý»ñÁ, áñ ¶áÝç³Ý ÉëáõÙ ¿ñ ³Û¹ï»Õ, ÃáÕÝáõÙ »Ý Çñ»Ýó ³½¹»óáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ýñ³ Ý»ñ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ: 1928-ÇÝ ²·Ý»ëÁ í»ñçÝ³Ï³Ý áñáßáõÙ ¿

ϳ۳óÝáõÙ` Çñ»Ý ÝíÇñ»É ²ëïÍáõÝ: §²Ñ³í³ëÇÏ, »ñ³½³ÝùÝ»ñÇë Ù»Í Ù³ëÁ ѳí³Ý³μ³ñ ã»Ù ϳñáÕ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝ»É: гí³ëïÇ ÙÇ μ³Ý ϳ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ, áñÝ ÇÝÓ Ñ³Ù³ñ ¿³Ï³Ý ¿: ¶Çï»Ù, áñ î»ñÝ ÇÝÓ Ï³ÝãáõÙ ¿: ܳ ÇÝÓ ëÇñáõÙ ¨ ù³ÛÉ»ñë ³é³çÝáñ¹áõÙ ¿` ÇÝÓ ï³Éáí ÙÇëÇáÝ»ñÇ ÏáãáõÙ. ³Ñ³ ÇÙ ÙÇ³Ï íëï³ÑáõÃÛáõÝÁ¦,- ³ëáõÙ ¿ñ ²·Ý»ëÁ: ֳݳå³ñÑÁ Ýñ³Ý ï³ñ³í ¹»åÇ Ðݹϳëï³Ý: ¸ÇÙáõÙ ¿ §Èáñ»ïáÛÇ ÙdzÝÓÝáõÑÇÝ»ñ¦ Ùdzμ³ÝáõÃÛ³ÝÁ áõ ëï³Ý³Éáí ¹ñ³Ï³Ý å³ï³ë˳Ý` Ù»ÏÝáõÙ ¿: ܳ ÁÝïñáõÙ ¿ »ñ»½³ ³ÝáõÝÁ` Ý»ñßÝãí³Í Çñ å³Ñ³å³Ý ëñμáõÑáõó` ÈǽÇáÛÇ êñμáõÑÇ Â»ñ»½³ÛÇó: Ðݹϳëï³ÝáõÙ ï³ñ»óï³ñÇ íÇ׳ÏÁ ͳÝñ³ÝáõÙ ¿ñ` ëáí³Í áõ ³Ýûè³Ý ÅáÕáíáõñ¹, ³Ù»Ýáõñ ³Õù³ïáõÃÛáõÝ, ëáí, ÑÇí³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝ: øáõÛñ »ñ»½³Ý ¿É ³Û¹ Ùé³ÛÉ ï»ë³ñ³ÝÇ ³Ï³Ý³ï»ëÝ ¿ñ, áõ Ýñ³Ý ³Û¹ ³Ù»ÝÁ ã¿ñ ϳñáÕ ó³í ãå³ï׳é»É: ܳ ¹ÇÙáõÙ ¿ ¸áõμÉÇÝáõÙ ·ïÝíáÕ Èáñ»ïáÛÇ Ù»Í³íáñáõÑáõÝ` Ùdzμ³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ Éù»Éáõ Ëݹñ³Ýùáí: öáË»Éáí Èáñ»ïáÛÇ ÙdzÝÓÝáõÑáõ ѳݹ»ñÓ³ÝùÁ` áñå»ë ѳٳ½·»ëï ÁÝïñáõÙ ¿ å³ñ½ ë³ñÇ ¨ ï³÷³Ï áïݳٳÝÝ»ñ, áõÕÕíáõ٠γÉϳóÛÇó 240 ÙÕáÝ Ñ»é³íáñáõÃÛ³Ý íñ³ ·ïÝíáÕ ä³ïݳ ù³Õ³ù: гëϳݳÉáí, û ÇÝãù³Ý ¿ñ Çñ û·ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ å»ïù

1988 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇ ¹»Ïï»Ùμ»ñÇ 18-Çݪ êåÇï³ÏÇ ³í»ñÇã »ñÏñ³ß³ñÅÇó 11 ûñ ³Ýó سÛñ »ñ»½³Ý ¶ÛáõÙñÇáõÙ ¿ñ

24

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

³Õù³ïÝ»ñÇÝ áõ ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñÇÝ` Ù³ëݳÏóáõÙ ¿ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ¹³ëÁÝóóÝ»ñÇ, Ó»éù μ»ñáõÙ ÑÙïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ: ÐÇÙÝíáõÙ ¿ §¶ÃáõÃÛ³Ý ÙÇëÇáÝ»ñÝ»ñ¦ Ùdzμ³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ùáõÛñ »ñ»½³Ý ¿É, áñå»ë ÑÇÙݳ¹Çñ, ¹³éÝáõÙ ¿ سÛñ »ñ»½³ ¨ ³ß˳ïáõÙ ³Û¹ï»Õ ÙÇÝ㨠1997-Ç Ù³ñïÁ: ܳ ѳÙá½í³Í ¿ñ` ³Õù³ïÇÝ û·Ý»Éáõ ѳٳñ å»ïù ¿ñ ÉÇÝ»É ³Õù³ï, ³åñ»É áõ ѳëÏ³Ý³É ³Õù³ïáõÃÛáõÝÁ, Ñ»ïá Ýáñ ·áñÍ»É: Üñ³ ç³Ýù»ñáí 1952-ÇÝ ÑÇÙÝíáõÙ »Ý ٳѳٻñÓ ³Õù³ïÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ ϳó³ñ³ÝÝ»ñ: سÛñ »ñ»½³ÛÇ Ýå³ï³ÏÁ ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñÇÝ μáõÅ»ÉÁ ã¿ñ, ³ÛÉ Ýñ³Ýó ѳٳñ §·»Õ»óÇϦ áõ §μ³ñǦ Ù³Ñ ³å³Ñáí»ÉÁ, áõÝ»ñ Çñ ÏáÕùÇÝ Ùáï 26 μ³ñ»·áõà û·Ý³Ï³ÝÝ»ñ: ܳ ·áñÍ»ó ßáõñç 40 ï³ñÇ, ¨ ÷áÕáóÝ»ñáõ٠ٳѳݳÉáõó ½»ñÍ ÙݳóÇÝ Ñ³½³ñ³íáñ ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñ: Úáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñ ³ß˳ï³Ýù Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝ»ÉÇë ³ÕáÃáõÙ ¿ñ, ËݹñáõÙ ²ëïÍáõ ·áõÃÝ áõ ³ç³ÏóáõÃÛáõÝÁ: úñ»óûñ سÛñ »ñ»½³Ý ¹³éÝáõÙ ¿ ³é³í»É ׳ݳãí³Í, ãÝ³Û³Í Çñ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÁ ѳٳñáõÙ ¿ñ §Ï³ÃÇÉ ûíÏdzÝáëÇ Ù»ç¦: Æñ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ý ÁÝóóùáõ٠ݳ ³ñųݳÝáõÙ ¿ ï³ëÝÛ³Ï Ùñó³Ý³ÏÝ»ñÇ áõ å³ñ·¨Ý»ñǪ ï³ñμ»ñ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó, ëï³ÝáõÙ ¿ ²ØÜ å³ïí³íáñ ù³Õ³ù³óáõ ÏáãáõÙ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨` Üáμ»ÉÛ³Ý Ùñó³Ý³Ï: §â»Ù ϳñáÕ³ÝáõÙ ßÝã»É¦. ëñ³Ýù ¿ÇÝ Ýñ³ í»ñçÇÝ Ëáëù»ñÁ:

ÐáõÝÇëÇ 29-ÇÝ ²Ýïáõ³Ý ¹Á ê»Ýï-¾ù½Ûáõå»ñÇÇ 115-³ÙÛ³ÏÝ ¿

ºê ºÎºÈ ºØ ÆØ Ø²ÜÎàõÂÚàõÜÆò ÀÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÁ Ýñ³Ý å³ñ½³å»ë §ê»Ýï ¿ù½¦ ¿ÇÝ ÏáãáõÙ: 1944-Ç ÑáõÉÇëÛ³Ý ÙÇ Ï»ëûñ ﳷݳåÁ Ýñ³Ýó μáÉáñÇÝ ÙdzëÇÝ ¿ñ ѳí³ù»É: ²Ý½áñáõÃÛáõÝÁ ëïÇåáõÙ ¿ñ ϳï³Ï»É, û ²Ýïáõ³ÝÇÝ ¿ÉÇ ÙÇ Ó³Ëáñ¹áõÃÛáõÝ ¿ å³ï³Ñ»É: ijٻñ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï Ý³Û»Éáí »ñÏÝùÇÝ`áã áù ã¿ñ áõ½áõÙ Ùï³Í»É ÝáõÛÝÇëÏ, áñ Çñ»Ýó ÁÝÏ»ñÝ ³Ûë ³Ý·³Ù Ñ»ï ãÇ í»ñ³¹³éݳ: ²Ýïáõ³Ý ¹Á ê»Ýï-¾ù½Ûáõå»ñÇÝ ÍÝí»É ¿ üñ³ÝëdzÛÇ ÈÇáÝ ù³Õ³ùáõÙ, 1901-ÇÝ: ܳ Çñ ÍÝáÕÝ»ñÇ ÑÇÝ· ½³í³ÏÝ»ñÇó »ññáñ¹Ý ¿ñ: âáñë ï³ñ»Ï³ÝáõÙ ÏáñóÝáõÙ ¿ ÑáñÁ, »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ ¹³ëïdzñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ ͳÝñ³ÝáõÙ ¿ Ùáñ áõë»ñÇÝ: ²Ýïáõ³ÝÁ Ñ³×³Ë ¿ñ ÉÇÝáõÙ û¹³Ý³í³Ï³Û³ÝáõÙ, ѻͳÝÇíáí ·³ÉÇë ¿ñ áõ »ñ³½Ïáï Ñ»ï¨áõÙ, û ÇÝãå»ë »Ý ÇÝùݳÃÇéÝ»ñÁ ×»ÕùáõÙ »ñÏÇÝùÁ: 12 ï³ñ»Ï³ÝáõÙ Ýñ³Ý í»ñç³å»ë ѳçáÕí»ó û¹³Ý³í μ³ñÓñ³Ý³É: лﳷ³ÛáõÙ ³Û¹ ûñí³ Ù³ëÇÝ ¾ù½Ûáõå»ñÇÝ Ï·ñÇ. §ÆÝùݳÃÇéÇó ó³Í ݳۻÉáí` »ë »ñ³½áõÙ ¿Ç ÙdzÛÝ ·ñ»Éáõ Ù³ëÇݦ: 1914-ÇÝ ³í³ñï»Éáí ȻٳÝÇ ×ǽíÇï³Ï³Ý ¹åñáóÁ` ²Ýïáõ³ÝÁ Ù»ÏÝáõÙ ¿ Þí»Ûó³ñdz ¨ ÁݹáõÝíáõÙ üñ³Ûμáõñ·Ç ϳÃáÉÇÏ Ã»ùáõÙáí ùáÉ»çÁ: ²Ûëï»Õª áõëÙ³ÝÁ ½áõ·³Ñ»é, ݳ å³ïñ³ëïíáõÙ ¿ñ é³½Ù³Íáí³ÛÇÝ áõëáõÙݳñ³ÝÇ ÁݹáõÝ»ÉáõÃÛ³Ý ùÝÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇÝ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ÙñóáõÛÃÁ ãÇ Ñ³ÕóѳñáõÙ: 1919-20ÃÃ. ëáíáñ»Éáí ö³ñÇ½Ç ¶»Õ»óÇÏ ³ñí»ëïÝ»ñÇ ¹åñáóáõÙª ¾ù½Ûáõå»ñÇÝ ëÏëáõÙ ¿ ³åñ»É μáÑ»Ù³Ï³Ý ÏÛ³Ýùáí, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ßáõïáí ÇÝùݳѳí³Ý ³ñí»ëï³·»ïÝ»ñÇ ³Ýí»ñç³Ý³ÉÇ ·ÇݳñμáõùÝ»ñÁ Ñá·Ý»óÝáõÙ »Ý Éáõë³íáñ, å³ñ½ ѳ۳óùÝ»ñáí ·ñáÕÇÝ: ö³ñÇ½Û³Ý ¹åñáóÇó Ñ»ïá ê»ÝïÝ û¹³ãáõ³Ï³Ý ùÝÝáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ ѳÝÓÝáõÙ ¨ ëÏëáõÙ ÷áëï³ÛÇÝ û¹³Ý³í í³ñ»É: Þáõïáí ݳ ѳëóÝáõÙ ¿ §Ó³Ëáñ¹ û¹³ãáõǦ ѳÙμ³í Ó»éù μ»ñ»É: ºí, Çñáù, Ýñ³ ÇÝùݳÃÇéÁ Ù»ñà ê³Ñ³ñ³ ³Ý³å³ïáõÙ ¿ñ ÁÝÏÝáõÙ, Ù»ñÃ` ØÇç»ñÏñ³Ï³Ý ÍáíáõÙ, Ù»ñÃ` ¶í³ï»Ù³É³ÛÇ É»éÝ»ñáõÙ: ê³Ï³ÛÝ ³Ûë ³Ù»ÝÁ Ýñ³ ëï»Õͳ·áñÍáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáõÙ ³ñï³óáÉíáõÙ ¿ñ ½³ñٳݳÉÇ éáÙ³ÝïÇϳÛáí. §ú¹³Ý³íÝ áõ ³Ý³å³ïÁ ÇÝÓ ëáíáñ»óñ»É »Ý ³åñ»É ³Ýë³ÑÙ³Ý ³½³ïáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç ¨ ½·³É ³½³ïáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ý¹»å ³ÙμáÕç ÇÙ ë»ñÁ¦: §²Ù»Ý³Ù»Í ¨ Çñ³Ï³Ý ×áËáõÃÛáõÝÁ

Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÛÇÝ ß÷Ù³Ý ×áËáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿¦,³ëáõÙ ¿ñ ¾ù½Ûáõå»ñÇÝ: ØÇ ·ñáÕ, áñ Çñ ³½Ýí³Ï³Ý ͳ·Ù³Ùμ ¨ ϳݳÝó Ë»ÝóóÝáÕ ³ñï³ùÇÝáí ϳñáÕ ¿ñ Ù»Í³Ù»Í å³ñ·¨Ý»ñÇ ³ñųݳݳÉ, ݳËÁÝïñáõÙ ¿ñ ß÷í»É ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ³Ù»Ý³ëïáñÇÝ Ë³í»ñÇ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó Ñ»ï, Éë»É Ýñ³Ýó, ÏÇë»É Ýñ³Ýó ó³íÝ áõ ÙËÇóñ»É Çñ å³ÛÍ³é ·ñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ùμ: ²ñï³ëáíáñ μ³ñÇ ¿ñ ²Ýïáõ³ÝÁ. »ñμ ·ñå³ÝáõÙ ·áõÙ³ñ §öáùñÇÏ Çß˳ÝÁ¦ μáÉáñÇë ¿ñ ÉÇÝáõÙ, ³çáõÓ³Ë Í³ËëáõÙ ¿ñ Ù³ÝÏáõÃÛ³Ý ·ÇñùÝ ¿: ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ: Æñ μ³½Ù³ÃÇí ê³Ï³ÛÝ ï³ñÇÝ»ñÇ ëï»Õͳ·áñÍáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáí ݳ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï ë»ñ ¿ñ ù³ñá½áõÙ ÏÛ³ÝùÇ ÁÝóóùáõÙ ÁÙμéÝáõÙ »Ýù, áõ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ѳݹ»å: áñ ³ÛÝ Ñ»ùdzà ¿ ٻͻñÇ ÆëÏ Ýñ³ §öáùñÇÏ Çß˳ÝÁ¦ Ñ»ùdzÃÝ ³ñ¹»Ý ÙÇ ù³ÝÇ ï³ëݳÙÛ³Ï Ñ³Ù³ñ... ³åß»óÝáõÙ ¿ ѳٳٳñ¹Ï³ÛÇÝ ³ñÅ»ùÝ»ñÇ Çñ ï³ñáÕáõÃÛ³Ùμ: §Ø»Í³Ñ³ë³ÏÝ»ñÁ Ãí»ñ ß³ï »Ý ëÇñáõÙ: ¸Åí³ñ ¿ ·ïÝ»É Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÛÇÝ Ñ³ñ³μ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ í»ÑáõÃÛáõÝÝ ºñμ Ýñ³Ýó å³ïÙáõÙ »ë, áñ ¹áõ Ýáñ ³ñï³Ñ³ÛïáÕ ³í»ÉÇ ËáñÁ áõ ë»ÕÙ μ³ñ»Ï³Ù »ë Ó»éù μ»ñ»É, Ýñ³Ýù »ñμ»ù Ó¨³Ï»ñåáõÙ, ù³Ý ³Ûë ïáÕ»ñÝ »Ý. ã»Ý ѳñóÝáõÙ ³Ù»Ý³·É˳íáñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ: §¸áõ ѳí»ñÅ å³ï³ë˳ݳïáõ »ë ºñμ»ù Ýñ³Ýù ã»Ý ³ëÇ. §ÆëÏ ÇÝãåÇëDZ Ýñ³ ѳٳñ, áõÙ ÁÝï»É³óñ»É »ë¦: ê»Ýï-¾ù½Ûáõå»ñÇÝ Ý³¨ Ó³ÛÝ áõÝÇ Ý³: ÆÝãåÇëDZ ˳ջñ ¿ å³ïÏ»ñ³½³ñ¹»É ¿ Ñ»ùdzÃÁ. ëÇñáõ٠˳ճÉ: ÂÇûéÝ»ñ μéÝáõ±Ù ¿, Ýñ³ å³ïÏ»ñ³½³ñ¹áõÙÝ»ñÝ Ã»ª áã¦: Üñ³Ýù ѳñóÝáõÙ »Ý. §ø³ÝDZ ³Û¹ ÇÙ³ëïáõÝ Ñ»ùdzÃÇ ï³ñ»Ï³Ý ¿ ݳ: ø³ÝDZ »Õμ³Ûñ áõÝÇ: ·»Õ³ñí»ëï³Ï³Ý ÑÛáõëí³ÍùÇ ø³ßÝ ÇÝãù³±Ý ¿: ÆÝãù³±Ý ¿ í³ëï³ÏáõÙ ³Ýù³Ïï»ÉÇ Ù³ëÝ »Ý: 1944-Ç ÑáõÉÇëÇ 31-Ç ³é³íáïÛ³Ý Ýñ³ ѳÛñÁ¦: ºí ¹ñ³ÝÇó Ñ»ïá Ù³Ûáñ ²Ýïáõ³Ý ¾ù½Ûáõå»ñÇÇ »ñ¨³Ï³ÛáõÙ »Ý, û ׳ݳã»óÇÝ Ù³ñ¹áõÝ: é³½Ù³Ï³Ý ÇÝùݳÃÇéÁ ÎáñëÇϳÛÇ ºñμ ٻͳѳë³ÏÝ»ñÇÝ ³ëáõÙ »ë. §ºë û¹³Ý³í³Ï³Û³ÝÇó ëáíáñ³Ï³ÝÇ å»ë ï»ë³ í³ñ¹³·áõÛÝ ³ÕÛáõëÇó ÙÇ ïáõÝ, û¹ μ³ñÓñ³ó³í: Üñ³ ½ÇݳÏÇóÝ»ñÁ áñÇ å³ïáõѳÝÝ»ñÇÝ Ëáñ¹»ÝÇ Ï³ñ, ÇëÏ ¹»é¨ë ã·Çï»ÇÝ, áñ ³ÛÝ ³Ûɨë í³Ûñ¿çù ÏïáõñÇݪ ³Õ³íÝÇÝ»ñ¦, Ýñ³Ýù »ñμ»ù ãÇ Ï³ï³ñ»Éáõ: 2000 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇ Ù³ÛÇë. ýñ³ÝëdzóÇ ã»Ý å³ïÏ»ñ³óÝÇ ³Û¹ ïáõÝÁ: Üñ³Ýó çñ³ëáõÛ½ ÈÛáõÏ ì³Ýñ»ÉÁ å»ïù ¿ ³ë»É. §ºë ï»ë³ ÙÇ ïáõÝ,h áñ ѳÛï³ñ³ñáõÙ ¿, áñ ÍáíáõÙ` 70Ù ³ñÅ» ѳñÛáõñ ѳ½³ñ ýñ³ÝϦ: ºí ÙdzÛÝ ËáñáõÃÛ³Ý íñ³ ï»ë»É ¿ ¾ù½Ûáõå»ñÇÇ ³Û¹ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï Ýñ³Ýù Ïμ³ó³Ï³Ýã»Ý. û¹³Ý³íÁ: лﳽáïáõÙÁ ѳëï³ïáõÙ ¿. ì³Ýñ»ÉÝ Çëϳå»ë §ÆÝãåÇëǯ ·»Õ»óÏáõÃÛáõݦ: ¾ù½Ûáõå»ñÇÇ ÇÝùݳÃÇéÝ ¿ ·ï»É: 2008-ÇÝ 88-³ÙÛ³ ÙÇ Ãá߳ϳéáõ §öáùñÇÏ Çß˳ÝÁ¦ ѳÛï³ñ³ñáõÙ ¿, û ÇÝùÝ ¿ ³ÛÝ û¹³ãáõÝ, áí éÙμ³ÏáÍ»É ¿ ¾ù½Ûáõå»ñÇÇ ÇÝùݳÃÇéÁ. §ºë ã»Ù ï»ë»É û¹³ãáõÇÝ ¨ ã·Çï»Ç, áñ ¹³ ê»Ýï ¾ù½Ý ¿: ØdzÛÝ ó³Ù³ùáõÙ ÇÙ³ó³¦: ²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

25

ÐÐ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñ ²ñÙ»Ý Øáõñ³¹Û³ÝÇ Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝáõÃÛ³Ùμ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óíáÕ §ÎáãáõÙáí μÅÇßϦ ݳ˳·ÍÇ ³Ûë ³Ý¹ñ³¹³ñÓÁ ÝíÇñí³Í ¿ ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÝ»ñÇ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇÝ: ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÝ»ñÇ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ïáÑÙÇ ÑÇÙݳ¹ÇñÁ ê³»Ý ¶»Õ³ÙÇ ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÝ ´ ¿:: ܳ ÍÝí»É ¿ 1907-ÇÝ, г۳ëï³ÝÇ ²ñï³ß³ïÇ ßñç³ÝÇ àëï³Ý ·ÛáõÕáõÙ: È ÈÇÝ»Éáí ÏáõɳÏÇ áñ¹Ç` ëïÇåí³Í ¿ »Õ»É ÷áË»É ³½·³ÝáõÝÁ (ÇëÏ³Ï³Ý ³½·³ÝáõÝÁ ³ úñ¹áÛ³Ý ¿) ¨ Ù»ÏÝ»É ú¹»ë³, áñï»Õ ÁݹáõÝí»É ¨ ³í³ñï»É ¿ ùÇÙdzï»ËÝáÉá·Ç³Ï³Ý ù ÇÝëïÇïáõïÁ: ê³ñ³ïáíáõ٠ݳ ÙÇ ù³ÝÇ ï³ñÇ ³ß˳ï»É ¿ áñå»ë ùÇÙÇÏáë-ÇÝŻݻñ: ³ 1936-ÇÝ 1 í»ñ³¹³éݳÉáí г۳ëï³Ý` ³Ùáõëݳó»É ¿ Þáõß³ÝÇÏ Øáõñ³¹Ë³ÝÛ³ÝÇ Ø Ñ»ï: гßíÇ ³éÝ»Éáí ³ÛÝ Ñ³Ý·³Ù³ÝùÁ, áñ ÏÇÝÁ` Þáõß³ÝÇÏÝ ÁݹáõÝíáõÙ ¿ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõï, ê³»Ý ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ ¨ë áñáßáõÙ ¿ Ó»éù Á μ μ»ñ»É ³Ù»Ý³Ù³ñ¹³ëÇñ³Ï³Ý ¨ ÙǨÝáõÛÝ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï å³ï³ë˳ݳïáõ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÁ: Ù ²í³ñï»Éáí μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõïÁ` ê. ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ ÏÝáç Ñ»ï Ù»ÏÝ»É ¿ Îñ³ëÝáë»ÉëÏ` ³ß˳ï»Éáí áñå»ë μÅÇßÏ: ²í»ÉÇ áõß Ý³ Ï Îñ³ëÝáë»ÉëÏÇ ßñç³Ý³ÛÇÝ ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóÇ ·É˳íáñ μÅÇßÏÝ ¿ñ: ê³»Ý ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ Î ÏÛ³ÝùÇ ÏÛ í»ñçÇÝ ï³ñÇÝ»ñÇÝ ³ß˳ï»É ¿ ºñ¨³ÝÇ ÃÇí 6 åáÉÇÏÉÇÝÇϳÛáõÙ: §Ø³Ûñë ¹³ñÓ³í íÇñ³μáõÛÅ, Çñ»ÝÇó ³Û¹ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÁ ݳ¨ ÇÝÓ § ÷á˳Ýóí»ó: ÆëÏ Ñ³Ûñë é»Ýï·»ÝáÉá· ¿ñ: ÐÇí³Ý¹Ç, ³Ûó»ÉáõÇ Ñ³Ý¹»å Ù³Ûñë ÷ ³Ýë³ÑÙ³Ý Ñá·³ï³ñ ¿ñ¦,-´³μÉáÛ³ÝÝ»ñÇ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ï»Ýë³·ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ í³í»ñ³·ñáõÙ ¿ ·»ñ¹³ëï³ÝÇ »ñÏñáñ¹ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ×ÛáõÕÁ Ý»ñϳ۳óÝáÕ ²ñ³ ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ: ê³»Ý ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÇ ÏÇÝÁ` Þáõß³ÝÇÏ Øáõñ³¹Ë³ÝÛ³ÝÁ ÍÝí»É ¿ 1918-ÇÝ, ²ñï³ß³ïáõÙ: ì³ëï³Ï³ß³ï μÅßÏáõÑÇÝ ³ß˳ï»É ¿ Îñ³ëÝáë»ÉëÏÇ ßñç³Ý³ÛÇÝ ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóáõÙ` áñå»ë íÇñ³μáõÛÅ, ³ÛÝáõÑ»ï¨` 1965-Çó ëÏë³Í` ºñ¨³ÝÇ 2-ñ¹ ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóáõÙ` ջϳí³ñ»Éáí Ù³Ûñ³ù³Õ³ùÇ º 8-ñ¹ åáÉÇÏÉÇÝÇϳÛÇ íÇñ³μáõÅ³Ï³Ý Í³é³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÁ: 8 ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÝ»ñÇ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ·ÇÍÝ ³ÛÝáõÑ»ï¨ ß³ñáõݳÏáõÙ ¿ ²ñ³ ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ: ´ ܳ Ü ÍÝí»É ¿ 1947-Ç Ù³ÛÇëÇ 5-ÇÝ, ºñ¨³ÝáõÙ: 1971-ÇÝ ³í³ñï»É ¿ ºñ¨³ÝÇ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõïÇ Ù³ÝϳμáõÅ³Ï³Ý ý³ÏáõÉï»ïÁ: μ § §Ø³ÝϳμáõÛÅÝ»ñÝ Çñ»Ýó μÝáñáß Ù»Í³Ñá·áõÃÛ³Ùμ, μ³ñáõÃÛ³Ùμ, ·Ã³ëñïáõÃÛ³Ùμ, · áõß³¹ñáõÃÛ³Ùμ Ùßï³å»ë ϳñáÕ³ÝáõÙ »Ý ë÷á÷»É »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ ³éáÕçáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ»ï ϳåí³Í μáÉáñ ËݹÇñÝ»ñÁ: ²Ûë μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý » ѳٳÉÇñ ¹ÇÙ³Í ÍÝáÕÝ»ñÝ áõ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÝ ³ñųݳÝáõÙ »Ý Ñá·³ï³ñ ¨ ç»ñÙ Ñ í»ñ³μ»ñÙáõÝùÇ: í سÝϳμáõÛÅÝ»ñÇ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÁ Ýáõñμ ¨ ùÝùáõß ÉÇÝ»Éáõ Ñ»ï Ù ÙÇ³Å³Ù³Ý³Ï Í³Ýñ ¿ ¨ ¹Åí³ñ¦,-ÝßáõÙ ¿ ³Ýí³ÝÇ Ù³ÝϳμáõÛÅÁ: ܳ Ü 1989-ÇÝ ³Ýó»É ¿ »ñÇϳÙÇ ÷áËå³ïí³ëïÙ³Ý Ù³ëݳ·Çï³óáõÙ Þí»Ûó³ñdzÛáõÙ Þ ¨ ´»É·Ç³ÛáõÙ: ²ñ³ ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¹ ¹áÏïáñ ¿, åñáý»ëáñ: 2003-05ÃÃ. »Õ»É ¿ ²éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ß˳ñѳÛÇÝ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛ³Ý ºíñáå³ÛÇ ï³ñ³Í³ßñç³Ý³ÛÇÝ ÏáÙÇï»Ç Ùßï³Ï³Ý Ï Ñ³ÝÓݳÅáÕáíÇ ³Ý¹³Ù, 2008-12ÃÃ.` ²ÐÎ ·áñͳ¹Çñ ÏáÙÇï»Ç ³Ý¹³Ù: Ñ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý μÅÇßÏÝ»ñÇ ³ëáódzódzÛÇ Ý³Ë³·³ÑÝ ¿, ºíñáå³ÛÇ Ð Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý Ù áõñáÉá·Ý»ñÇ ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÛ³Ý, ºíñ³ÙÇáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý íÇñ³μáõÛÅÝ»ñÇ í ³ëáódzódzÛÇ, Þí»Ûó³ñdzÛÇ Ý»ýñáÉá·Ý»ñÇ ³ëáódzódzÛÇ ³Ý¹³Ù: ³ §ºë § ٻͳó»É »Ù μÅÇßÏÝ»ñÇ ÁÝï³ÝÇùáõÙ, ѳÛñë, Ù³Ûñë, »Õμ³Ûñë μÅÇßÏ ¿ÇÝ, ÁݹѳÝáõñ Á ÙÃÝáÉáñïÁ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ¿ñ: ¸åñáóáõÙ ýǽÇϳٳûٳïÇÏ³Ï³Ý ³é³ñϳݻñÇó ³ ß³ï É³í ¿Ç, ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñë Ùï³ÍáõÙ ¿ÇÝ, áñ »ë Ϸݳ٠ï»ËÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý ï ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ áõÕÕáõÃÛ³Ùμ, μ³Ûó »ë ÙdzÝß³Ý³Ï ÁÝïñ»óÇ μÅßÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ¦,-³Ý¹ñ³¹³éݳÉáí μ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý ÁÝïñáõÃÛ³ÝÁ` ÝßáõÙ ¿ ²ñ³ ² ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ: ܳ 1970-ÇÝ ³ß˳ï»É ¿ ºñ¨³ÝÇ ÃÇí 8 åáÉÇÏÉÇÝÇϳÛáõÙ` áñå»ë áõñáÉá·Ç³Ï³Ý μ³ÅÝÇ μáõųÏ, 1971-77ÃÃ.` ºñ¨³ÝÇ ÃÇí 1 Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóÇ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý íÇñ³μáõÛÅ ¨ áõñáÉá·, 197797ÃÃ.` ºñ¨³ÝÇ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõïÇ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ³ÙμÇáÝÇ ¹³ë³Ëáë, 1982-91ÃÃ.` ºñ¨³ÝÇ ÃÇí 3 Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý ÏÉÇÝÇϳϳÝ

26

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóÇ áõñáÉá·Ç³Ï³Ý μ³Å³ÝÙáõÝùÇ í³ñÇã: 1990-ÇÝ ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ»É ¿ Ù³ëݳ·Çï³óí³Í áõñáÝ»ýñáÉá·Ç³ÛÇ ¨ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝ: 1991-97ÃÃ. »Õ»É ¿ ÐÐ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñ, 19972012ÃÃ.ª ºä´Ð Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ³ÙμÇáÝÇ í³ñÇã, 200203ÃÃ.` §Ð³Ýñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý ÑÇí³Ý¹³Ýáó¦ ö´À-Ç ïÝûñ»Ý, 2003-07ÃÃ.ª §²ñ³μÏÇñ¦ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³ÉÇñ-»ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ ¨ ¹»é³Ñ³ëÝ»ñÇ ³éáÕçáõÃÛ³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõï¦ êäÀ-Ç ·É˳íáñ ïÝûñ»Ý, 2007-ÇÝ` ·Çï³Ï³Ý ջϳí³ñ: ²ñ³ ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ 3 ·ÛáõïÇ, 7 ٻݳ·ñáõÃÛ³Ý, 200-Çó ³í»ÉÇ ·Çï³Ï³Ý Ñá¹í³ÍÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ÕÇÝ³Ï ¿: úñ»Ýë¹ÇñáõÙ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ ²ñ³ ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÇ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ý Ï³ñ¨áñ áõ ¿³Ï³Ý Ù³ëÝ ¿: г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ñ³Ýñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý ËÙμ³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ý å³ï·³Ù³íáñÁ 2007-Çó ³é ³Ûëûñ ջϳí³ñáõÙ ¿ ²½·³ÛÇÝ ÄáÕáíÇ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý, Ù³ÛñáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ Ù³ÝÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³ñó»ñÇ Ùßï³Ï³Ý ѳÝÓݳÅáÕáíÁ: ܳ Ñ»ÕÇÝ³Ï ¿ μ³½Ù³ÃÇí ûñ»Ýë¹ñ³Ï³Ý ݳ˳ӻéÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ, áñáÝù ÙÇïí³Í »Ý` ³å³Ñáí»Éáõ г۳ëï³ÝÇ ³éáÕç³å³Ñ³Ï³Ý ѳٳϳñ·Ç ß³ñáõÝ³Ï³Ï³Ý ½³ñ·³óáõÙÝ áõ ³é³çÁÝóóÁ: §ºñμ»ù ã»Ù ÃáÕ»É μÅßÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ³Ý·³Ù »ñμ ݳ˳ñ³ñ »Ù »Õ»É, íÇñ³Ñ³ï»É »Ù: ØÇ³Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ³ß˳ï»Éáí áñå»ë ÐÐ ²½·³ÛÇÝ ÄáÕáíÇ å³ï·³Ù³íáñ, ѳÝÓݳÅáÕáíÇ Ý³Ë³·³Ñ` Ó·ïáõÙ »Ù Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝ»É ûñ»Ýë¹ñ³Ï³Ý ÷á÷áËáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ, áñáÝù ϳå³Ñáí»Ý ÙÇ ÏáÕÙÇó Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ³éáÕçáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ÙÛáõë ÏáÕÙÇóª μáõųß˳ïáÕÝ»ñÇÝ ³ñųݳå³ïíáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¨ ½³ñ·³óáõÙÁ ³å³Ñáí»Éáõ »ñ³ßËÇùÝ»ñ ϳÙñ³·ñ»Ý¦,- Áݹ·ÍáõÙ ¿ ²ñ³ ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ, áí Çñ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ý ÁÝóóùáõÙ μáõÅ»É ¿ μ³½Ù³ÃÇí »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ, ß³ï»ñÇÝ »ñÏñáñ¹ ÏÛ³Ýù å³ñ·¨»É: Ü߳ݳíáñ ·ÇïݳϳÝ-μÅÇßÏÁ å³ñ·¨³ïñí»É ¿ ºä´Ð 70 ¨ 75-³ÙÛ³ÏÝ»ñÇ áëÏ» Ù»¹³ÉÝ»ñáí (2000 ¨ 2005ÃÃ., ÐРζÜ), ºñ¨³ÝÇ ù³Õ³ù³å»ï³ñ³ÝÇ å³ïíá·ñáí (2005Ã.), ÐÐ ²½·³ÛÇÝ ÄáÕáíÇ ßÝáñѳϳɳ·ñáí (2005Ã.), гÛ-ýñ³ÝëÇ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ñ³μ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¨ Ù³ëݳ·Çï³Ï³Ý ѳٳ·áñͳÏóáõÃÛ³Ý ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ §²½·³ÛÇÝ ³ñųÝÇùÇ ³ëå»ï¦ ßù³Ýß³Ýáí (2005Ã., üñ³ÝëdzÛÇ Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõÃÛáõÝ), §ØËÇóñ лñ³óǦ (2007Ã.), §Ð³Ù³·áñͳÏóáõÃÛ³Ý ³Ùñ³åÝ¹Ù³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ¦ (2007Ã., ÐÐ áëïÇϳÝáõÃÛáõÝ), §ÐÐ ½ÇÝí³Í áõÅ»ñ. 20 ï³ñǦ Ñáμ»ÉÛ³Ý³Ï³Ý (2012Ã., äÜ) Ù»¹³ÉÝ»ñáí: ´ÅßÏÇ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿ ÁÝïñ»É ݳ¨ ²ñ³ ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÇ ÏÇÝÁ` سÝáõß³Ï ºñÇóÛ³ÝÁ: ܳ ÍÝí»É ¿ ºñ¨³ÝáõÙ, 1956-Ç ÑáõÝí³ñÇ 25-ÇÝ, ÇÝŻݻñÇ ¨ Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅÇ ÁÝï³ÝÇùáõÙ: 1973-ÇÝ áëÏ» Ù»¹³Éáí ³í³ñï»É ¿ ºñ¨³ÝÇ ´»ÉÇÝëÏáõ ³Ýí³Ý ¹åñáóÁ, ÝáõÛÝ ï³ñáõÙ ÁݹáõÝí»É ºä´Æ: ¶»ñ³½³ÝóáõÃÛ³Ùμ ¿ ³í³ñï»É ´àõÐ-Á: §1980-ÇÝ ÁݹáõÝí»É »Ù ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇ áñå»ë Ñá¹³μ³Ý, ýǽÇáûñ³ådzÛÇ ¨ ÏáõñáñïáÉá·Ç³ÛÇ ·Çï³Ñ»ï³½áï³Ï³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõïáõÙ, áõñ ³ß˳ï»É »Ù 19 ï³ñÇ: ²Ýó»É »Ù í»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïáõÙÝ»ñ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý ³½·³ÛÇÝ ÇÝëïÇïáõïáõÙª áñå»ë ûñ³å¨ï, μÅÇßÏ-ýǽÇáûñ³å¨ï, é¨Ù³ïáÉá·: 1996-Ç ³ßݳÝÁ ÜÛáõ-ÚáñùÇ Ð³Û ú·ÝáõÃÛ³Ý üáÝ¹Ç ÏáÕÙÇó Ñáí³Ý³íáñíáÕ Íñ³·ñáí ³Ýó»É »Ù 3-³ÙëÛ³ í»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïáõÙ ÎáÉáõÙμdzÛÇ Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ äñÇëí»ï»ñÛ³Ý ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóÇ í»ñ³Ï³Ý·ÝáÕ³Ï³Ý μ³Å³ÝÙáõÝùáõÙ¦, - ÝßáõÙ ¿ Ø. ºñÇóÛ³ÝÁ: ܳ 1999-Ç ³åñÇÉÇó ³é ³Ûëûñ §²ñ´»ê¦ ³éáÕçáõÃÛ³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝÇ ïÝûñ»ÝÝ ¿, áñÁ §²ñ³μÏÇñ¦ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³ÉÇñÇ ³Ùμáõɳïáñ í»ñ³Ï³Ý·ÝáÕ³Ï³Ý μ³Å³ÝÙáõÝùÝ ¿: ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÝ»ñÇ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ·»ñ¹³ëï³ÝÇ »ñÏñáñ¹ ë»ñÝ¹Ç Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ ¿ ݳ¨ ²ñ³ ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÇ »Õμ³ÛñÁ` èáõμ»Ý ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ: ܳ ÍÝí»É ¿ 1937-Ç ÝáÛ»Ùμ»ñÇ 17-ÇÝ, ºñ¨³ÝáõÙ: 1956-ÇÝ ³í³ñï»É ¿ γÙáÛÇ ³Ýí³Ý ÙÇçݳϳñ· ¹åñáóÁ: 1957-63ÃÃ. ëáíáñ»É ¿ ºñ¨³ÝÇ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõïÇ μáõÅåñáýÇɳÏïÇÏ ý³ÏáõÉï»ïáõÙ: سëݳ·Çï³Ï³Ý ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛáõÝÁ èáõμ»Ý ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ ëÏë»É ¿ ¶ÛáõÙñÇÇ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý áõëáõÙݳñ³ÝÇó` 1963-77ÃÃ. ¹³ë³í³Ý¹»Éáí ³ÛÝï»Õ: ²å³ ³ß˳ï»É ¿ μÇáùÇÙdzÛÇ ÇÝëïÇïáõïáõÙ` áñå»ë ·Çï³ß˳ïáÕ, áñï»Õ å³ßïå³Ý»É ¿ ûÏݳÍáõ³Ï³Ý û½: ºä´Æ Ï»ÝïñáÝ³Ï³Ý ·Çï³Ñ»ï³½áï³Ï³Ý ɳμáñ³ïáñdzÛÇ ³í³· ·Çï³ß˳ïáÕ, ³ÛÝáõÑ»ï¨ ºä´Æ Ï»ÝïñáÝ³Ï³Ý ·Çï³Ñ»ï³½áï³Ï³Ý ɳμáñ³ïáñdzÛÇ é³¹Çáǽáïáå³ÛÇÝ É³μáñ³ïáñdzÛÇ í³ñÇã, ºä´Æ ³ñï³ë³ÑÙ³ÝÛ³Ý ý³ÏáõÉï»ïÇ ¹»Ï³ÝÇ ï»Õ³Ï³Éª Ù»Í áõ μ³½Ù³½³Ý ¿ èáõμ»Ý ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÇ ³ß˳ï³Ýù³ÛÇÝ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ý ßñç³Ý³ÏÁ: 199396ÃÃ. »Õ»É ¿ ºä´Æ åñáýÇɳÛÇÝ ÑǷǻݳÛÇ ³ÙμÇáÝÇ ¹áó»Ýï, 19932002ÃÃ.` ºä´Æ ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÇ ·Íáí åñáé»Ïïáñ, 200205ÃÃ.` ºä´Ð Ñ»ï¹ÇåÉáÙ³ÛÇÝ áõëáõóÙ³Ý μ³ÅÝÇ í³ñÇã, 2005-07ÃÃ.` ºä´Ð Ñ»ï¹ÇåÉáÙ³ÛÇÝ Ù³ëݳ·Çï³Ï³Ý áõëáõóÙ³Ý ý³ÏáõÉï»ïÇ

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

27

¹»Ï³ÝÇ ï»Õ³Ï³É, 2005-08ÃÃ.` é³¹Çáǽáïáå³ÛÇÝ É³μáñ³ïáñdzÛÇ ·Çï³ß˳ïáÕ: 1972-ÇÝ Ýñ³Ý ßÝáñÑí»É ¿ Ï»Ýë³μ³Ý³Ï³Ý ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ · à ûÏݳÍáõÇ ·Çï³Ï³Ý ³ëïÇ׳Ý: èáõμ»Ý ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ å³ñ·¨³ïñí»É ¿ ºä´Ð º áëÏ» Ù»¹³Éáí: ²éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý ² áÉáñïáõÙ ²ñ³ ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÇ Ý»ñ¹ñ³Í É³í³·áõÛÝ ³ ³í³Ý¹áõÛÃÝ»ñÁ ß³ñáõݳÏáõÙ »Ý Ýñ³ »ñÏáõ áñ¹ÇÝ»ñÁ: ² ²ñÙ³Ý ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ »ññáñ¹ ë»ñÝ¹Ç Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ ¿: 1 1996-2001ÃÃ. ëáíáñ»É ¿ ºä´Ð ëïáÙ³ïáÉá·Ç³ÛÇ ý³ÏáõÉï»ïáõÙ: 2001-04ÃÃ. Á ÁݹáõÝí»É ¿ ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý ûñ¹Çݳïáõñ³ ÝáõÛÝ Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ ûñÃá廹ÇÏ ë ëïáÙ³ïáÉá·Ç³ÛÇ ³ÙμÇáÝáõÙ: ²ñÙ³Ý ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ Ù³ëݳ·Çï³Ï³Ý Ï ÏñÃáõÃÛáõÝÁ (³ëåÇñ³Ýïáõñ³) ß³ñáõÝ³Ï»É ¿ ÐÐ ²Ü ê. ²í¹³Éμ»ÏÛ³ÝÇ ³ ³Ýí³Ý ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý ³½·³ÛÇÝ ÇÝëïÇïáõïÇ ëïáÙ³ïáÉá·Ç³ÛÇ ý ý³ÏáõÉï»ïáõÙ: 2005-07ÃÃ. ëáíáñ»É ¿ г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ üñ³ÝëÇ³Ï³Ý Ñ Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ Ï³é³í³ñÙ³Ý ý³ÏáõÉï»ïÇ Ù³·Çëïñ³ïáõñ³ÛáõÙ` Ó Ó»éÝ»ñ»óáõÃÛáõÝ, ÷áùñ ¨ ÙÇçÇÝ Ó»éݳñÏáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ï³é³í³ñáõÙ Ù Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ùμ: úñÃá廹ÇÏ ëïáÙ³ïáÉá·Ç³ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ùμ ² ²ñÙ³Ý ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ í»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïí»É ¿ سñë»ÉáõÙ: 2006-ÇÝ Þ Þí»Ûó³ñdzÛÇ Äáõñ³ÛÇ Ï³ÝïáÝ³É ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóáõÙ í»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïí»É ¿ §ÐÇí³Ý¹³Ýáó³ÛÇÝ Ï³é³í³ñáõÙ¦ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ùμ: ²ñÙ³Ý ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ ÐÐ §è³¹ÇáëåáñïÇ ý»¹»ñ³ódz¦ ÐΠݳ˳·³ÑÝ ¿, §²éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåÇãÝ»ñÇ ÙdzíáñáõÙ¦ ÐÎ ËáñÑñ¹Ç ³Ý¹³Ù: ²ñÙ³Ý ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ ÐÐÎ, ÐÐÎ ²ñ³μÏÇñ ï³ñ³Íù³ÛÇÝ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛ³Ý ËáñÑñ¹Ç ³Ý¹³Ù ¿: ä³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñÇ Ññ³Ù³Ýáí å³ñ·¨³ïñí»É ¿ ÐÐ ¼àõ Ñáμ»É۳ݳϳÝ, ÐÐ ¼àõ §ì³½·»Ý ê³ñ·ë۳ݦ Ù»¹³ÉÝ»ñáí: ². ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ 2004-07ÃÃ. ջϳí³ñ»É ¿ §²ñ³μÏÇñ¦ ´Ðº¸²Æ Ù³ñ½³ÛÇÝ Ù³ëݳ×ÛáõÕÁ, Ù»Ï ï³ñÇ »Õ»É §¶³ñ³Ýï ÈÇÙ»Ýë¦ ²ö´À (¶³ñ³Ýï-ÆÝßáõñ³Ýë) ïÝûñ»ÝÝ»ñÇ ËáñÑñ¹Ç ݳ˳·³ÑÁ: 200713ÃÃ. ïÝûñÇÝ»É ¿ §²ñ³μÏÇñ¦ ´Ðº¸²Æ-Ý: 2013-15ÃÃ. ²ñÙ³Ý ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ ½μ³Õ»óñ»É ¿ ÐÐ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñÇ ï»Õ³Ï³ÉÇ å³ßïáÝÁ: ²ÛÅ٠ݳ §²ñ³μÏÇñ¦ ´Ðº¸²Æ-Ç ïÝûñ»ÝÝ ¿: §¸»é¨ë ³é³çÇÝ ¹³ë³ñ³ÝáõÙ ¿Ç, áñ Ýϳï»óÇ Ñ³ÛñÇÏÇë μ³½Ù³½μ³Õ ³éûñÛ³Ý: ܳ ³ÝÁÝ¹Ñ³ï ·áñÍáõÕáõÙÝ»ñÇ Ù»ç ¿ñ, áõëïÇ Ùï³ÍáõÙ ¿Ç Ëáõë³÷»É μÅßÏÇ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÁÝïñ»Éáõó: ²í»ÉÇ Ñ³ëáõÝ ï³ñÇùáõ٠ѳëϳó³, áñ ³ÛÉÁÝïñ³Ýù ãáõÝ»Ù: ²é³çÇÝ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ùμ ³ï³ÙݳμáõÛÅ »Ù, ³ß˳ï»Éáí ÙÇ ù³ÝÇ ï³ñǪ ѳëϳó³, áñ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåã³Ï³Ý ѳñó»ñÝ »Ý ÇÝÓ ³é³í»É ß³ï Ñ»ï³ùñùñáõÙ, ³Û¹ ¿ñ å³ï׳éÁ, áñ »ñÏñáñ¹ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝ ÁÝïñ»óÇ, ÁݹáõÝí»óÇ üñ³ÝëÇ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³Ý, å³ßïå³Ý»óÇ Ã»½ª ÑÇí³Ý¹³Ýáó³ÛÇÝ Ï³é³í³ñÙ³Ý Ã»Ù³Ûáí: êϽμáõÙ ³ß˳ï»Éáí ϳٳíáñª ϳñáÕ³ó³ Íñ³·ñ»ñ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝ»É, áñáÝù ÃáõÛÉ ïí»óÇÝ ÑÇí³Ý¹³Ýáó³ÛÇÝ Ñ³Ù³ÉÇñÇ μ³ÅÝ»ï»ñ»ñÇÝ` ÇÝÓ ïÝûñ»Ý ÁÝïñ»Éáõ Ù³ëÇÝ áñáßáõ٠ϳ۳óÝ»É: Ø»ÏáõÏ»ë ï³ñÇ »Õ»É »Ù ÐÐ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñÇ ï»Õ³Ï³É ¨ ÑÇÙ³ ÝáñÇó ջϳí³ñáõÙ »Ù ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóÁ¦,-Áݹ·ÍáõÙ ¿ ²ñÙ³Ý ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ: ܳ áõÝÇ »ñÏáõ ½³í³Ï` ²ñ³Ý ¨ ¾ÙÙÇÝ: §´³μÉá۳ݦ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ³½·³ÝáõÝÝ ¿ Ïñáõ٠ݳ¨ ê»ñ·»Û ²ñ³ÛÇ ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ: 1997-2003ÃÃ. ëáíáñ»É ¨ ·»ñ³½³ÝóáõÃÛ³Ùμ ¿ ³í³ñï»É ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ ÁݹѳÝáõñ μÅßÏáõÃÛ³Ý ý³ÏáõÉï»ïÁ: ´ÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ù³Ûñ ´àõÐ-áõÙ ê. ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÝ ³Ýó»É ¿ ûñ¹Çݳïáõñ³` Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ·Íáí: 2000-04ÃÃ. ݳ ³ß˳ï»É ¿ §²ñ³μÏÇñ¦ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³ÉÇñ-»ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ ¨ ¹»é³Ñ³ëÝ»ñÇ ³éáÕçáõÃÛ³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõïÇ ÇÝï»ÝëÇí ûñ³ådzÛÇ μ³Å³ÝÙáõÝùáõÙ: 2001-ÇÝ ³ß˳ï»É ¿ ²Ù³é Þñç³Ý³ÛÇÝ ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóáõÙ: Ø»Ï ï³ñÇ ³Ýó ê»ñ·»Û ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÝ ³ß˳ï»É ¿ ÄÝ¨Ç Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³Ý³Ï³Ý ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóÇ ëÇñï-³ÝáóÛÇÝ íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý μ³Å³ÝÙáõÝùáõÙ: ÆëÏ 2002-03ÃÃ. μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý åñ³ÏïÇϳ ¿ ³Ýó»É ÄÝ¨Ç Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³Ý³Ï³Ý ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóÇ íÇëó»ñ³É íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý μ³Å³ÝÙáõÝùáõÙ: 2004-08ÃÃ. ³ß˳ï»É ¿ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ áõñáÉá·Ç³ÛÇ μ³Å³ÝÙáõÝùáõÙ` áñå»ë Ñ»ñóå³Ñ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý íÇñ³μáõÛÅ, ÇëÏ 2007-ÇÝ` ÈÇáÝÇ Hospital Debrousse-áõÙª Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ áõñáÉá·Ç³: ºñÇï³ë³ñ¹ Ù³ëݳ·»ï ê. ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÝ ³ÛÝáõÑ»ï¨ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛáõÝÁ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï»É ¿ ²Ýïñí»ñå»ÝÇ Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³Ý³Ï³Ý ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóáõÙ` ¾Ý¹áÏñÇÝ, Ñ»å³ïá-μÇÉdzñ íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛáõÝ, »ñÇϳÙÝ»ñÇ ¨ ÉÛ³ñ¹Ç ÷áËå³ïí³ëïáõÙ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ áõÕÕáõÃÛ³Ùμ: 2008-ÇÝ Ý³ ³ß˳ï»É ¿ §²ñ³μÏÇñ¦ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³ÉÇñáõÙª áñå»ë »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ ¨ ¹»é³Ñ³ëÝ»ñÇ ³éáÕçáõÃÛ³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõïÇ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ áõñáÉá·Ç³ÛÇ μ³Å³ÝÙáõÝùÇ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý íÇñ³μáõÛÅ: 2011-ÇÝ »ñÇϳٳÛÇÝ ÷áËå³ïí³ëïÙ³Ý ¹³ëÁÝóóÝ»ñ ¿ ³Ýó»É ä»ïñáíëÏáõ ³Ýí³Ý éáõë³Ï³Ý ³½·³ÛÇÝ Ñ»ï³½áï³Ï³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõïáõÙ: ê. ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ 2001-

28

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

Çó ëÏë³Í` Ù³ëݳÏó»É ¿ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ÙÇ ß³ñù ÏáÝý»ñ³ÝëÝ»ñÇ: §ºë ³ß˳ïáõÙ »Ù ÑÇÙݳϳÝáõÙ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ Ñ»ï: ´³Ûó å»ïù ¿ Áݹ·Í»Ù, áñ Ù»Ýù áõÝ»Ýù ݳ¨ г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ ÙdzÏÁ ѳٳñíáÕ »ñÇϳÙÇ ÷áËå³ïí³ëïÙ³Ý Íñ³·Çñ, áñÁ í»ñ³μ»ñáõÙ ¿ ݳ¨ ٻͳѳë³ÏÝ»ñÇÝ: ºñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ Ñ»ï ß÷áõÙÝ ³é³í»É μ³ñ¹ ¿, ù³ÝÇ áñ áñå»ë ϳÝáÝ, ÷áùñÇÏÝ»ñÁ í³Ë»ÝáõÙ »Ý ëåÇï³Ï ˳ɳà ÏñáÕÝ»ñÇó, μ³Ûó ³ÛÝ ¹ñ³Ï³Ý ÉÇóù»ñÁ, áñ ëï³ÝáõÙ »ë »ñ»Ë³ÛÇÝ μáõÅ»Éáõó Ñ»ïá, ÇÝÓ ³é³í»É Ù»Í ¿Ý»ñ·Ç³ ¿ ÷á˳ÝóáõÙ, áñÁ Ýå³ëïáõÙ ¿ Ýñ³Ýó Ñ»ï μÅßÏÇ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇ ³ñ¹Ûáõݳí»ïáõÃÛ³ÝÁ: ÀݹѳÝñ³å»ë μÅÇßÏ ¹³éݳÉáõ ÇÙ ó³ÝÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¨ ϳñáÕ »Ù ³ë»É áñáßáõÙÁ í³Õ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý ßñç³ÝÇó ¿: سÝÏáõó áõÝ»ó»É »Ù »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ μÅÇßÏ ¹³éݳÉáõ ó³ÝÏáõÃÛáõÝ: ØÇßï ï»ëÝ»Éáí, û ÇÝãù³Ý ϳñ¨áñ ·áñÍ ¿ ³ÝáõÙ μÅÇßÏÁ, ÇÝã ¹»ñ áõÝÇ μÅßÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ` »ë ѳÙá½í»É »Ù ÇÙ Ù³ëݳ·Çï³Ï³Ý ÁÝïñáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç: гÛñÇÏÇó ëáíáñ»É »Ù ÉÇÝ»É μ³ñÇ, ³ß˳ï³ë»ñ, ³Ý»É ³é³í»É³·áõÛÝÁª ѳÝáõÝ ÑÇí³Ý¹Ç ³å³ùÇÝٳݦ,Ï Ï Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇ Ë Ý Ç ³Ûë ·³Õ³÷³ñÝ ¿ ÁÝÏ³Í ê»ñ·»Û ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÇ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ÑÇÙùáõÙ: ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÝ»ñÇ »ññáñ¹ ë»ñÝ¹Ç Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñÇó ¿ Ý³¨ êÛáõ½³Ýݳ èáõμ»ÝÇ ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ: 1991-97ÃÃ. ëáíáñ»É ¿ ºä´Ð ÁݹѳÝáõñ μÅßÏáõÃÛ³Ý ý³ÏáõÉï»ïáõÙ` ³í³ñï»Éáí ³ÛÝ ·»ñ³½³ÝóáõÃÛ³Ùμ: ´ÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¹áÏïáñÁ ºä´Ð-Ç Ù³Ýϳμ³ñÓáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ·ÇÝ»ÏáÉá·Ç³ÛÇ ÃÇí 1 ³ÙμÇáÝÇ ¹áó»Ýï ¿: §¾ñ»μáõÝǦ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ §²ñ³μÏÇñ¦ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³ÉÇñÝ»ñáõ٠ѳٳï»ÕáõÃÛ³Ùμ ³ß˳ïáõÙ ¿` áñå»ë Ù³Ýϳμ³ñÓ-·ÇÝ»ÏáÉá·: 1999-2003ÃÃ. Ýñ³ ·Çï³Ï³Ý û½Áª §Ð»ÕáõϳÛÇÝ μçç³μ³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»ñÁ Óí³ñ³ÝÝ»ñÇ ã³ñáñ³Ï ¾åÇûɳÛÇÝ áõéáõóùÝ»ñáí ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñÇ Ñ»ï³½áïÙ³Ý Å³Ù³Ý³Ï¦ ûٳÛáí ѳëï³ïí»É ¿ ²Ã»ÝùÇ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ¹åñáóÇ ÏáÕÙÇó: 2003-ÇÝ Ýñ³Ý ßÝáñÑí»É ¿ ²Ã»ÝùÇ ²½·³ÛÇÝ Ð³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝ»ñÇ ¹áÏïáñÇ ÏáãáõÙ: 1997-2001ÃÃ. êÛáõ½³Ýݳ ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ »Õ»É ¿ ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý ûñ¹Çݳïáñ` §Ø³Ýϳμ³ñÓáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ ·ÇÝ»ÏáÉá·Ç³¦ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ùμ, 1998-2001ÃÃ.` ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý ûñ¹Çݳïáñª Ù³Ýϳμ³ñÓáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ·ÇÝ»ÏáÉá·Ç³ÛÇ ÃÇí 1 ³ÙμÇáÝáõÙª ²É»ùë³Ý¹ñdz ÑÇí³Ý¹³Ýáó, ²Ã»ÝùÇ ²½·³ÛÇÝ Ð³Ù³Éë³ñ³Ý, Ðáõݳëï³Ý: êÛáõ½³Ýݳ ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ 1998-ÇÝ »Õ»É ¿ ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý ûñ¹Çݳïáñª Ù³Ýϳμ³ñÓáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ·ÇÝ»ÏáÉá·Ç³ÛÇ ÃÇí 2 ³ÙμÇáÝáõÙ, å»ñÇݳïáÉá·Ç³ÛÇ, Ù³Ýϳμ³ñÓáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ·ÇÝ»ÏáÉá·Ç³Ç Ï»ÝïñáÝáõÙ: 1997-98ÃÃ. »Õ»É ¿ ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý ûñ¹Çݳïáñª ÃÇí 7 ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóáõÙ, éáõë³Ï³Ý Ñ»ï¹ÇåÉáÙ³ÛÇÝ áõëáõóÙ³Ý ³Ï³¹»ÙdzÛáõÙ: ì»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïáõÙÝ»ñ ¿ ³Ýó»É CICE Íñ³·ñÇ ßñç³Ý³ÏáõÙ, ¿Ý¹áëÏáåÇÏ ·ÇÝ»ÏáÉá·Ç³ÛÇ ï»ë³ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý í»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïáõÙ üñ³ÝëdzÛáõÙ, è»í³ë ´áãáñáßíÇÉÇÇ Õ»Ï³í³ñáõÃÛ³Ùμ, ESGO Íñ³·ñÇ ßñç³Ý³ÏáõÙª §¶ÇÝ»ÏáÉá·Ç³Ï³Ý ûÝÏáÉá·Ç³¦ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ùμ` úëϳñ ȳÙμ»ñï ù³ÕóÏ»ÕÇ Ï»ÝïñáÝáõÙ, ÈÇÉÉ, üñ³Ýëdz. ջϳí³ñ` ¾ñÇÏ È»μɳÝ: ìÇ»ÝݳÛÇ Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³Ý³Ï³Ý ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóÇ Ù³Ýϳμ³ñÓáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ·ÇÝ»ÏáÉá·Ç³ÛÇ μ³Å³ÝÙáõÝùáõÙ í»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïÙ³Ý Ïáõñë»ñ ¿ ³Ýó»É §Ø³Ýϳμ³ñÓáõÃÛáõÝ, ·ÇÝ»ÏáÉá·Ç³¦ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ùμ: ì»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïÙ³Ý Ïáõñë»ñÁ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï»É ¿ ´»É·Ç³ÛáõÙ, ØdzóÛ³É Â³·³íáñáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ, ø³Ã³ñáõÙ, èáõë³ëï³ÝáõÙ, Ðáõݳëï³ÝáõÙ: êÛáõ½³Ýݳ ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÁ Ù³ëݳÏó»É ¿ »ñ»ù ï³ëÝÛ³ÏÇó ³í»ÉÇ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³·áõÙ³ñÝ»ñÇ ¨ ÏáÝý»ñ³ÝëÝ»ñÇ: ܳ ³Ý¹³Ù³ÏóáõÙ ¿ μ³½Ù³ÃÇí ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ³éáÕç³å³Ñ³Ï³Ý ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ. ¶ÇÝ»ÏáÉá·Ç³Ï³Ý ø³ÕóÏ»ÕÇ ØÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ²ëáódzódzÛÇ (IGCS) ³ÏïÇí ³Ý¹³Ù ¿, ENYGO-Ç ³Ý¹³Ù ¨ г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÁ: 1997-2013ÃÃ. Ý»ñϳ۳óñ»É ¿ 50-Çó ³í»ÉÇ ·Çï³Ï³Ý Ññ³å³ñ³ÏáõÙÝ»ñ ï»Õ³Ï³Ý ¨ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ³Ùë³·ñ»ñáõÙ, ѳٳ·áõÙ³ñÝ»ñÇ ¨ ÏáÝý»ñ³ÝëÝ»ñÇ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï: ´ÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ³Ùáõñ ³í³Ý¹áõÛÃÝ»ñ áõÝ»óáÕ ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÝ»ñÇ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùÁ г۳ëï³ÝÇÝ ïí»É ¿ μÅÇßÏÝ»ñÇ »ñ»ù ë»ñáõݹ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ãÇ μ³ó³éíáõÙ, áñ áã Ñ»é³íáñ ³å³·³ÛáõÙ §´³μÉá۳ݦ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ³½·³ÝáõÝÁ Ïñ»Ý ݳ¨ ²ñ³ ´³μÉáÛ³ÝÇ ÃáéÝÇÏÝ»ñÁ` ѳٳÉñ»Éáí ÏáãáõÙáí μÅÇßÏÝ»ñÇ Ù»Í ·»ñ¹³ëï³ÝÁ:

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

29

30

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

On 8 June, 2015 the 3rd meeting of the board of trustees took place at Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi which was started by the Chairman of the Board, the Minister of Education and Science Armen Ashotyan. The meeting agenda was the election of the Rector of Yerevan State Medical University. The election concerned the reorganization of “Yerevan State Medical University” nonprofit organization into “Yerevan State Medical University” Foundation. As we know, earlier in 2014, the government decided to accept the proposal of the Ministry of Education and Science about reorganizing “Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi” nonprofit organization into a foundation. The decision was meant to underline the importance of the index accepted in the European Educational Region, as to whether the university has autonomy in its academic manifestations and how it carries out the role that public universities should have, as a public institution. In other words, the government established an institution, which is much more independent and autonomous and manages his own future. The change of the University’s status meant also new elections of Rector. That’s why the Rector was renamed as Acting Rector until the new election. From 17 December 2014 to 8 June 2015, the former rector of the University, Professor Michael Narimanyan was appointed as Acting Rector.

The annual national award ceremony “Best Doctor of the Year and Best Medical Institution of the Year – Huso Astgh-2015” took place in National Academic Theater of Opera and Ballet after A. Spendiaryan. Within the frame of the event YSMU was among the best for which we are proud and we extend our deepest gratitude to all those who highly appreciate our work. Noune Shahverdyan, Dean of YSMU General Medicine Faculty, Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Gynecology N1 Department, “Marshal Baghramyan” award-winner, was awarded with “Organizer of Higher Medical Education of the Year” prize

At the Rector’s Hall of “Yerevan State Medical University”Foundation, the Acting Rector Michael Narimanyan represented the Governing Council information about the University vision and then answered questions of the members of the Council, after which, from the members of the Governing Board, a Counting Committee was elected for summarizing the election results. In the closed, secret ballot, Michael Narimanyan.was elected the Rector of Yerevan State Medical University.

which was awarded to her by Viulen Hakobyan, RA NAS academician. Artavazd Sahakyan, RA Chief Micro Surgeon, Head of the Plastic Surgery Clinic of Heratsi N1 University Hospital, Honorary Doctor of the Republic of Armenia, was awarded with “Leading Micro Surgeon” prize. Prof. Arthur Shukuryan, Head of ENT Diseases Department, Honorary Doctor of the Republic of Armenia, Head of ENT Diseases Department of Erebouni medical Center, Chief ENT Doctor of RA Ministry of Health and Yerevan City, correspondent member of RA National Academy of Sciences, MD, PhD, was awarded with prize “Major Contribution in Medicine”.

YSMU Heratsi N1 and Mouratsan University Hospital Complexes were awarded with “best Hospital Complexes of the Year Ensuring Multi Profile Medical Assistance to Adults and Children, and Preparing Qualified Health Specialists” prize. It shall be mentioned that the aim of this event in the healthcare field is to present and honor the best specialists and institutions who and which received the appraisal of the population in virtue of their achievements and enthusiasm. We cordially congratulate all the awardees and wish them new endeavors and achievements.

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

31

Within the framework of the Bologna Ministerial Conference the delegation of World Bank education affairs with the presidency of Senior Director for Education at the World Bank Claudia Costin paid a visit to YSMU Simulation Center. The aim of the visit was to get acquainted to the Center’s activities and works implemented. At the beginning of the meeting Aram Baykov, YSMU Head of Educational Programs Division, introduced the University history, activities of faculties, he spoke about scientific staff of the University, and the students. It was mentioned that there is a big number of foreign students in YSMU, and the education is tri-lingual in the University. The Delegation members were introduced the educational programs implemented by YSMU. Furthermore Aram Baykov spoke about the YSMU Simulation Center. He mentioned that the mortality rate from medical errors is quite high in the world, thus the opening of the Simulation Center in the University

was a necessity. The fact that the Simulation Center gives chances to apply computer programs and distance learning during YSMU educational activities for disease process and differential diagnosis, was considered of importance. Simulation education, a new medical education method, was introduced in the YSMU through the Center. This gives the opportunity to obviously improve the development of practical skills of students, and to decrease the number of medical errors during specialization activities. The head of educational programs informed that the YSMU Simulation Educational Center project was recognized as winner in the month of August of the same year, and in September a grant agreement, financed by the World Bank, was signed between YSMU and Education Projects Center, which served the base of the Simulation Center for Practical Skills. On 22 December 2014 the opening ceremony of the Center took place

An auditorium after Academician Vilen Astvatsatryan, wellknown pedagogue, former rector of YSMU, was inaugurated in YSMU. Rector’s office representatives, Armen and Grigor Astvatsatryans, sons of Vilen Astvatsatryan, philanthropist Hrachya Minasyan, who financed the reconstruction of the auditorium, well-known scientists and YSMU staff, attended

32

which was attended by RA President Serzh Sargsyan, and RA Minister of Science and Education Armen Ashotyan. At the end of the meeting the Delegation members toured around the Simulation Center and got acquainted with the Center’s activities in practice.

the inauguration. Opening the ceremonial session YSMU acting Rector M. Narimanyan considered those type of events of importance, since those are the proof of current generation’s gratitude towards teachers. M. Narimanyan also highlighted the necessity of reconstruction of HEI’s auditoriums because according to him it is difficult to ensure qualified and safe education without comfortable and technically equipped auditoriums. Professors Artashes Aznavouryan, Valeri Tatintsyan, Vladimir Shekoyan, Marina Danielbek, Head of General Division, Anna Sargsyan, Dean of Foreign Students Department, shared with warm memories about academician Vilen Astvasatryan. At the end of the ceremonial session M. Narimanyan extended his gratitude to Hrachya Minasyan to finance the reconstruction works of the auditorium, hoping that such kind of cooperation will be continuous, and awarded the philanthropist with YSMU Certificate of Honor. Worth mentioning that the sons of the academician also welcomed and extended their gratitude to the philanthropist and the YSMU management for such a nice initiative.

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

The period of May 28-31 was significant for the Yerevan State Medical University and the Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU) students, researchers, young scientists and various specialists of medical field. hhThe official opening ceremony of the Summer School marked the 10th anniversary of the successful cooperation between YSMU and TSMU. After the session, the participants were given a task to write their own applications; a special jury was established to evaluate the projects presented and among the groups one group got the best results. The groups were divided according to the well-known «World Cafe» format. This methodology has first been put forward in 1995 thus 5 th h creating healthy atmosphere of dialog. It is based on the hypothesis that the conversation parties already have some knowledge over the topic to be tackled, they are also equipped with creative ideas, and are able to face even the most complex challenges in regards with the topic. The World Café methodology is considered to be host large groups where a group is comprised of 4-5 persons, and at the end of the time given, each member of the group moves to a different new table thus making the group discussions more interactive. The next session was devoted to the Skills of Critical Thinking during which Hakob Madoyan, Head of Philosophy Department of the Yerevan Brusov State University of Languages and Social Sciences,

in iint ntr ttrodu roduuced d th he pa articcippants wi with ith thee basicc principles introduced the participants and strategies of critical thinking put forward by Richard W. Paul. 35 dimensions of critical thinking were introduced to the groups. Each of the groups was given 5 minutes presentation time according to the group title chosen by the participants, which were: Physicians; IT Specialists; Education Organizers; Public Health; I am Always Right. Other topics tackled Distance Education, Diversity of Education Methods, presented by Arusyak Harutyunyan, Head of Foreign Affairs Department of the International Scientific-Educational Center of NAS RA, and Classical and Alternative Means of Education, introduced by Lusine Petrosyan, Lecturer of YSMU Department of Pathophysiology, Senior Specialist of Educational Programs Division. TSMU students Khatia Kldiashvili and Eka Bobokhidze presented reports over physical B ddevelopment study and evaluation through aadolescence in Georgia speaking about various hhealth diseases and relevant statistics, while Mariam Sulaberidze did a presentation over M Georgian resorts and their medical touristic G ppotential. During the summer school the participants also D hhad the chance to visit the Tatev Monastery aand Tatever Ropeway. Based on the results of written evaluation B forms the overall impression over the Summer ffo School, was excellent. S At the closing ceremony the participants were A aawarded with certificate of participation. ²ä²¶² ´ÄÆ ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

33

Patch atch Adams,a pr professi professional sion onal doctor, docctto or, social soc occia i l innovator innovato tor and and a clown, one of the founders of laughter therapy and hospital clownery in the world, was in Armenia. During his one-week visit to Armenia Patch Adams and his group of hospital clowns (he was accompanied by the clowns of Russia-based Maria’s Children Art Center) paid visits to orphanages and children’s hospitals in Yerevan, Gyumri, Vanadzor and Dilijan and performed a unique program. In addition, he delivered a lecture at the American University of Armenia (AUA) and Yerevan State Medical University named after Mkhitar Heratsi. The visit was organized by the IDeA Foundation in cooperation with relevant government agencies and various social and medical institutions. His charity and innovative projects and clownery performances are known worldwide. Oscar-winning comedian Robin Williams played Adams in “Patch Adams” film shot in 1998. With a group of hospital clowns Adams annually pays around nine visits to various countries. Equipped with colorful clothing they organize performances in hospitals, orphanages, homes for the elderly and boarding schools. Owing to his performances, the children manage to quickly overcome the effects of complicated and aggressive therapies. The ideas and initiatives of Patch Adams are contagious, and his practice is known globally and is successfully employed in many places. He is convinced that laughter helps the sick physically as well. “Take, for example cancer. It has been proved that laughter helps increase the number of “soldier-cells,” which destroy cancer cells. Laughter boosts the immune system and releases endorphins. In short, being happy is the best cure of all diseases,” he said in one of his interviews.

tientt an nd inpatient in npat patient free e medical m car are. e It It integrates in ntegrate tes traditional tradition onal al and care. hospital with alternative medicine. “Owing to this institute I can provide the most expensive service in the U.S. – medicine,” said Adams in one of his interviews. He later became known for his hospital clownery activities and is regarded as one of pioneers in this area. He is also a social activist and a goodwill ambassador. He delivers lectures on laughter therapy at various universities in the world. Over the past 20 years clowns have started to work with doctors in a number of children’s hospitals in the world. The merry fellows in white smocks juggle, read tales, carefully listen to children when necessary and tightly hold their hands when they are scared. Hospital clownery is an activity aimed at the social and cultural rehabilitation of children through art-therapy, play therapy and therapeutic clowning. The first hospital clowns emerged in the U.S. in 1986. It has today become a global movement. There are around 30 organizations of hospital clownery; some of them are volunteering organizations, and some are professional. The main goal of the profession of a “hospital clown” is to support children undergoing long-term and aggressive medical treatment; children deprived of parental care; children in crisis situations; and children in need for adapting to the new hospital territory. The “hospital clown” should also carry out psychological, rehabilitation, social and cultural and recreational activities.

Hunter Doherty Adams (Patch Adams) was born in Washington in 1945. He is a professional doctor. In 1973, Adams earned his Doctor of Medicine degree. In early 1970s, he founded Gesundheit! Institute (German for “Good health!”) – a free hospital, which operates to date and offers outpa-

34

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

The flag Armenian flag is the symbol of the Republic of Armenia. The flag is a rectangular fabric with equal horizontal stripes: red at the top, blue in the middle, and orange at the bottom. For centuries these colors have been associated with the Armenian nation. The flag of Armenia was adopted on 24 August 1990 by the Supreme Council of the Republic of Armenia. On 15 June 2006 the National Assembly of the Republic of Armenia adopted the law “On the State Flag of the Republic of Armenia”. There are several interpretations of these colors and the following is the most acceptable among them: the red color symbolizes the blood shed by the Armenians in the defence of their motherland; the blue color is the country’s nature; orange is national bravery and hard-work. As to the Constitution of the Republic of Armenia, it sets the following meanings of the colors: red stands for the Armenian highlands, constant fight of the Armenian nation for survival, Christian religion, Armenia’s freedom and independence; blue symbolizes the desire of the Armenian nation to live beneath peaceful sky; orange symbolizes the creative and diligent nature of the Armenian nation. As a matter of fact, because the RA Government hasn’t defined the shades of red, blue and orange.

The coat of arms The coat of arms of the Third Republic of Armenia was reestablished with slight modifications in 1991 from the original coat of arms of the First Republic of Armenia that restored the Armenian State after nearly 600 years of foreign domination of Armenia in 1918. A shield is held by a lion and an eagle, both symbols of historic Armenian royalty that goes back to the first Armenian Kingdom of Ararat (Urartu) in the latter half of the second millennium BC. The center of the shield includes the Biblical establishment of Armenia after the Great Flood and Noah's Ark resting on top of Mount Ararat, the sacred symbol of Armenia and the Armenian nation. Subsequently, the center portion representing Noah's Ark and Mount Ararat is joined by the insignias of the four Armenian dynasties that followed the Aramian House of Ararat in the 7th century BC: The bottom left portion represents the Artaxiad Royal House The upper left portion represents the Royal House of the Bagratids, under whose gifted leadership in the Middle Ages, Armenian culture blossomed, represented with the grandeur of towns such as Ani - the Town of 1001

Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi was full of pleasant turmoil: the Heratsi high school students were carrying out their Last Bell ceremony in YSMU. Narine Sargsyan, Heratsi high school headmaster, welcomed and congratulated the students on the occasion. She wished them realization of dreams and peace to the world. She also read the congratulation message by RA Minister of Education and Science Armen Ashotyan. YSMU acting Rector Michael Narimanyan extended his congratulations to graduates, their parents and

Churches . The bottom right portion represents the Rubenid Royal House of Cilician Armenia. Cilician Armenia or Little Armenia as it was known to Western historians was to the west of historic Greater Armenia on the beautiful shores of the Mediterranean Sea. A vertically pointed sword breaks the chains of foreign oppression and the shield symbolically represents the guardianship of the Armenian State. The symbol of wheat in the lower part of the coat of arms represents the sacredness of the soil while the olive branches represent the aspiration principles of the Armenian people to goodwill and peace.

The Anthem The Anthem of the Republic of Armenia, "Mer Hayrenik" ("Our Fatherland"), was passed on July 1, 1991, by the Supreme Council of the Republic of Armenia as the Anthem of the First Republic of Armenia (1918-1920). The National Assembly passed the law "On the Anthem of the Republic of Armenia" on December 25, 2006. The lyrics of the Armenian National Anthen is created by Michael Nalbandian, music by Barsegh Kanachian.

teaching staff. «I congratulate you on this beautiful occasion and wish you all the best. Today the Last Bell is ringing, and soon other bells will ring for you which you should be able to use properly. I mean your specialization choice, mainly the specialization of a doctor. You should be confident in your choice and study well to become real specialists to replace us», as mentioned by M. Narimanyan. The YSMU Academic Choir later welcomed the school graduates followed by musical and humor part as prepared by the students. The event took place in warm and happy environment. ²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ÐáõÝÇë 2015 N 9-10 (1320-1321)

35