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12 ²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ²åñÇÉ 2015 N 5-6 (1316-1317)

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14 ²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ²åñÇÉ 2015 N 5-6 (1316-1317)

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ñÇãÁ: 20 ï³ñÇ ³ß˳ï»É »Ù ø³Ý³ù»é¼»ÛÃáõÝÇ ëñï³μ³Ý³Ï³Ý ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóáõÙ¦,-å³ïÙáõÙ ¿ ïÇÏÇÝ Æí»ï³Ý: ÐáíѳÝÝÇëÛ³ÝÝ»ñÇ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ïáÑÙÇ »ññáñ¹ ë»ñáõݹÁ Ý»ñϳ۳óÝáõÙ ¿ êáõñ»Ý êï»÷³ÝÇ ÐáíѳÝÝÇëÛ³ÝÁ: ܳ ÍÝí»É ¿ 1974-Ç Ù³ñïÇ 7-ÇÝ, ºñ¨³ÝáõÙ: 1997-ÇÝ Ý³ ·»ñ³½³ÝóáõÃÛ³Ùμ ³í³ñï»É ¿ ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÁ, ³å³ ÁݹáõÝí»É ÏÉÇÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý ûñ¹Çݳïáõñ³ª ºä´Ð ÃÇí 2 íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ³ÙμÇáÝÇ μ³½³ÛáõÙ, ³í³ñï»É ·»ñ³½³ÝóáõÃÛ³Ùμ: 2000-ÇÝ ³ß˳ï»É ¿ áñå»ë íÇñ³μáõÛÅ-ûñ¹Çݳïáñª §²ñÙ»Ýdz¦ ´Î-áõÙ: ÜáõÛÝ Ãí³Ï³ÝÇÝ ÙÇ³Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ÁݹáõÝí»É ¿ ³ëåÇñ³Ýïáõñ³ª ê. Ê. ²í¹³Éμ»ÏÛ³ÝÇ ³Ýí³Ý ÐÐ ²²Æ-Ç É³å³ñ³ëÏáåÇÏ íÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ³ÙμÇáÝáõÙ: êáõñ»Ý ÐáíѳÝÝÇëÛ³ÝÁ ûÏݳÍáõ³Ï³Ý û½Á å³ßïå³Ý»É ¿ 2003-Çݪ §ÈÛ³ñ¹Ç ¿ËÇݳÏáÏá½Ç ¿Ý¹áíÇñ³μáõÅ³Ï³Ý μáõÅáõÙ¦ ûٳÛáí: 2004-06ÃÃ. ͳé³ÛáõÃÛ³Ý ¿ ³Ýó»É ÐÐ ¼àõ ÎμÐ-áõÙ ¨ ½ÇÝͳé³ÛáõÃÛ³Ý ÁÝóóùáõÙ ·áñÍáõÕí»É ¿ í»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïÙ³Ý Ðáõݳëï³Ý, í»ñ³¹³ñӻɪ ·»ñ³½³Ýó μÝáõó·ñáí: 2008-ÇÝ ÐÐ ²²Æ ·ÇïËáñÑñ¹Ç ÝÇëïáõ٠ѳëï³ïí»É ¿ Ýñ³ ¹áÏïáñ³Ï³Ý û½Áª §Ø³Ï»ñÇϳÙÇ áõéáõóùÝ»ñÇ ³ËïáñáßÙ³Ý ¨ íÇñ³μáõÅ³Ï³Ý μáõÅÙ³Ý »Õ³Ý³ÏÝ»ñÇ ûåïÇÙǽ³óáõÙ¦ ûٳÛáí: ìÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛáõÝ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ùμ êáõñ»Ý ÐáíѳÝÝÇëÛ³ÝÁ í»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïí»É ¿ ØáëÏí³ÛáõÙ: ´ÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¹áÏïáñÇ ÏáãáõÙÁ ê.ÐáíѳÝÝÇëÛ³ÝÇÝ ßÝáñÑí»É ¿ 2010-ÇÝ: Ø»Ï ï³ñÇ ³Ýó ݳ Ý߳ݳÏí»É ¿ ºä´ÐÇ è¸ì ³ÙμÇáÝÇ å»ïÇ å³ßïáÝáõÙ ¨ ÙÇ³Å³Ù³Ý³Ï »Õ»É ¿ ÎμРíÇñ³μáõÅáõÃÛ³Ý ÏÉÇÝÇϳÛÇ Õ»Ï³í³ñ: 2014-ÇÝ Ý߳ݳÏí»É ¿ ºä´Ð ëÇÙáõÉÛ³óÇáÝ Ï»ÝïñáÝÇ Õ»Ï³í³ñ: ê. ÐáíѳÝÝÇëÛ³ÝÁ ѳÛϳϳÝ, éáõë³Ï³Ý ¨ »íñáå³Ï³Ý ¿Ý¹áíÇñ³μáõÅ³Ï³Ý ³ëáódzódzݻñÇ ¨ Ñ³Û íÇñ³μáõÛÅÝ»ñÇ ³ëáódzódzÛÇ ³Ý¹³Ù ¿: سëݳÏó»É ¿ 20-Çó ³í»ÉÇ Ñ³Ýñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý ¨ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Ñ³Ù³ÅáÕáíÝ»ñÇ ¨ ÏáÝ·ñ»ëÝ»ñÇ, Ñ»ÕÇÝ³Ï ¨ ѳٳѻÕÇÝ³Ï ¿ 51 ·Çï³Ï³Ý Ñá¹í³ÍÝ»ñÇ, Ù»Ï Ýáñ³ñ³ñ³Ï³Ý ³é³ç³ñÏÇ ¨ Ù»Ï áõëáõÙݳٻÃá¹³Ï³Ý Ó»éݳñÏÇ: ´ÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¹áÏïáñÁ å³ñ·¨³ïñí»É ¿ ÐÐ í³ñã³å»ïÇ ßÝáñѳϳɳ·ñáí, å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛ³Ý å³ïíá·ñ»ñáí, ÐÐ ¼àõ 20-³ÙÛ³ÏÇÝ ÝíÇñí³Í Ù»¹³Éáí: ´ÅÇßÏ ¿ ݳ¨ êáõñ»Ý ÐáíѳÝÝÇëÛ³ÝÇ ÏÇÝÁ` γñÇÝ» سÝáõÏÛ³ÝÁ: ܳ ³í³ñï»É ¿ ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÁ, ³ß˳ïáõÙ ¿ §²ñÙ»Ýdz¦ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝáõÙ: àõß³·ñ³íÝ ³ÛÝ ¿, áñ Ñ³Û Ý߳ݳíáñ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñÇó ß³ï»ñÁ ëï»ÕÍí»É »Ý` Ùdzíáñ»Éáí »ñÏáõ ï³ñμ»ñ μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý §³½·³ÝáõÝÝ»ñ¦` ³Û¹åÇëáí ¹Ý»Éáí μÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ù»Í ·»ñ¹³ëï³ÝÇ ÑÇÙùÁ: ²Û¹ Ï»ñå ¿ ëï»ÕÍí»É ݳ¨

16 ²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ²åñÇÉ 2015 N 5-6 (1316-1317)

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¸³ÝÇ»É ì³ñáõÅ³Ý ¨ ²ñ³ùëÇ ì³ñáõųÝ

èáõμ»Ý ê¨³Ï ¨ Ú³ÝÝ» ²å»É(·»ñÙ³ÝáõÑÇ) ´áÉáñÇ íñ»ÅÁ ÉáõÍ»ó 85 Ñá·³Ýáó ·»ñ¹³ëï³ÝÁ ·³ÕÃÇ ×³Ý³å³ñÑÇÝ Ïáñóñ³Í êáÕáÙáÝ Â»ÑÉ»ñÛ³ÝÁ, áí ¹Çٳѳñ Ïñ³Ïáóáí ëå³Ý»ó ºÕ»éÝÇ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåÇãÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏÇݪ ³ɻ³ÃÇÝ:

²ñÑ»ëï³Ïó³Ï³Ý ¹åñáóÇ ë³Ý»ñÁ Çñ»Ýó áõëáõóÇãÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï, 1910-11 áõëáõÙÝ³Ï³Ý ï³ñÇ

1915-ÇÝ Ó»ñμ³Ï³Éí³Í ¨ سñ³ß μ»ñí³Í ½»ÛÃáõÝóÇÝ»ñ, áñáÝó ï»ÕÇ Ïáõë³Ï³ÉÇ Ñ»ï Éáõë³Ýϳñí»Éáõó Ñ»ïá ëå³Ý»óÇÝ

Ð³Û ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó μéݳ·³ÕÃÇ ï»ë³ñ³Ý سÙáõñ»Ã-áõÉ-²½Ç½Çó, 1915-Ç Ù³ÛÇë ³ÛÇñ ³Ûë Éáõë³ÝϳñÝ»ñÁ, áñáÝù ù»½ ÏÝ»ñϳ۳óÝ»Ý ÙÇ ù³ÝÇ Ñá·áõ ³ÛÝ Ñ³½³ñ³íáñ Éáõë»Õ»Ý, ï³Õ³Ý¹³íáñ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÝóÇó, áõ٠ѳÝ׳ñ»Õ ·ÉáõËÝ»ñÁ ù³ñáí ç³ñ¹»óÇÝ ùá ݳËÝÇÝ»ñÁ, Ýñ³Ýó ·áñÍ³Í Ñ³Ýó³ÝùÁ ¹áõ ùáÝÁ ã»ë ѳٳñáõÙ: ÂáÕ μ³ó»Ý Ó»ñ ³ñËÇíÝ»ñÁ, ¨ ³ÏÝѳÛï Ϲ³éÝ³Ý ³ÛÝ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó Ï»Ýë³·ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ, áíù»ñ Çñ»Ýó ³ÏïÇí Ù³ëݳÏóáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿ÇÝ μ»ñáõÙ ùá »ñÏñÇ ½³ñ·³óÙ³ÝÁ, Ýñ³ å³ïÙáõÃÛ³Ý Ï»ñïÙ³ÝÁ: ´ÅÇßÏÝ»ñ, Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅÝ»ñ, ·áñͳñ³ñÝ»ñ, ³ñí»ëï³·»ïÝ»ñ, ׳ñï³ñ³å»ïÝ»ñ, ßÇݳñ³ñÝ»ñ... ²Ýѳï³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ, áõÙ ÑÇÙ³ ³Ý·³Ù Ç٠ѳÛñ»Ý³ÏÇóÝ»ñÇó áÙ³Ýù å³ñë³í³Ýùáí Ù»Õ³¹ñáõÙ »Ýª ÇÝãáõ± ã¹ÇÙ³¹ñ»óÇÝ, ÇÝãáõ± ãå³Ûù³ñ»óÇÝ: ܳÛÇñ í»ñçÇÝ »ñÏáõ Éáõë³ÝϳñÁ. ³åñÇÉÇ 24-ÇÝ Ù»Ï ·Çß»ñí³ ÁÝóóùáõ٠ѳí³ùí³Í Ùï³íáñ³Ï³Ý ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ë»ñáõóùÁ ¹³ñÓ³í μ³Ýï³ñÏ۳ɪ ÙÇ ù³ÝÇ ûñ ³Ýó ·Ý¹³Ï³Ñ³ñí»Éáõ, Ï³Ë³Õ³Ý μ³ñÓñ³Ý³Éáõ, í³Ûñ»Ý³μ³ñ ëå³Ýí»Éáõ, óóÇ Ñ³Ýí»Éáõ ³ñųݳݳÉáí...

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ê³Ñ³ÏÛ³Ý ¹åñáóÇ ³ÕçÇÏ ë³Ý»ñÁ, ÎáÝdz, 1910 Ãí³Ï³Ý

γݳÝó ²ñ³ÙÛ³Ý í³ñųñ³ÝÇ ë³Ý»ñÁ, λë³ñdz, 1913 Ãí³Ï³Ý

àõëáõóãáõÑÇÝ»ñÇ ¹åñáóÁ, ¾ñ½ñáõÙ, 1910 Ãí³Ï³Ý

ØáõëáõÉÙ³Ý³Ï³Ý Ñ³ñ»ÙÝ»ñÇó ³½³ï³·ñí³Í ѳÛáõÑÇÝ»ñª §êáõ·Ç ùáõÛñ»ñ »Ýù Ù»Ýù¦ ·ñáõÃÛ³Ùμ å³ëï³éáí

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¶áõÙ-¶³÷áõÇ §øݳñ¦ ýÇÉѳñÙáÝÇÏ Ýí³·³ËáõÙμÁ, 1910 Ãí³Ï³Ý

ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ í»ñ³åñ³Í Ñ³Û áñμ»ñÇó ϳ½Ùí³Í ºÃáíådzÛÇ ³ñùáõÝ³Ï³Ý Ýí³·³ËáõÙμÁ, ²¹Çë ²μ»μ³, 1925 Ãí³Ï³Ý Ûë ¿çÁ ù»½ »Ù Ý»ñϳ۳óÝáõÙ ³é³Ýó Ù»Ïݳμ³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñǪ Ýß»Éáí ÙdzÛÝ Ù»Ï ÷³ëïª ÇÙ ³½·Ç ѳÝ׳ñÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏÁ, áí ÎáÝëï³Ý¹ÝáõåáÉëáõ٠ջϳí³ñáõÙ ¿ñ §¶áõë³Ý¦ »ñ·ã³ËáõÙμÁ, áí ÇÙ ÅáÕáíñ¹Ç Ùß³ÏáõÛÃÁ Ý»ñϳ۳óÝáõÙ ¿ñ »íñáå³Ï³Ý Ý߳ݳíáñ μ»Ù»ñáõÙª å³ïÇí μ»ñ»Éáí ݳ¨ ùá »ñÏñÇÝ, ã¹ÇÙ³ó³í ³ÛÝ ³åñáõÙÝ»ñÇÝ, áñáÝù ݳ ½·³ó »Õ»éÝÇ ûñ»ñÇÝ, Çñ ѻﳷ³ ÏÛ³ÝùÝ ³Ýóϳóñ»ó ö³ñÇ½Ç Ñá·»μáõÅ³Ï³Ý ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóáõÙ: ²Ûëûñ ÎáÙÇï³ëÇ ³ÝáõÝÁ ³Ýٳѳóí»É ¿ Çñ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùáõÙ: Üñ³ ³ÝáõÝáí »Ý ÏáãíáõÙ åáÕáï³Ý»ñ, »ñ³Åßï³Ï³Ý μ³ñÓñ³·áõÛÝ ¨ ÙÇçݳϳñ· ¹åñáóÝ»ñ, Ñáõß³ÏáÃáÕÝ»ñ, ѳÙáõÛÃÝ»ñ...

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32 ²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ²åñÇÉ 2015 N 5-6 (1316-1317)

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34 ²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ²åñÇÉ 2015 N 5-6 (1316-1317)

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1915 ²äðÆÈ 24. ØºÌ ºÔºèÜÀ Ù»Ý ï³ñÇ ²åñÇÉ 24-Á Ïá·»Ïáã»Ýù Û³ñ·»Éáõ ѳٳñ Ù»ñ μÇõñ³õáñ ݳѳï³Ï ѳÛñ»ñáõÝ, Ù³Ûñ»ñáõÝ, ùáÛñ»ñáõÝ »õ »Õμ³ÛñÝ»ñáõÝ å³ßï»ÉÇ ÛÇß³ï³ÏÁ: ÚÇß³ï³ÏÁ Ù¿Ï áõ Ï¿ë ÙÇÉÇáÝ ³ÛÝ Ý³Ñ³ï³ÏÝ»ñáõÝ, áñáÝù ³½·áíÇÝ, ³Ýï³Ý»ÉÇ ã³ñã³ñ³ÝùÝ»ñáõ »õ ï³é³å³ÝùÝ»ñáõ »ÝóñÏáõ»Éáí Ù»ñ ¹³ñ³õáñ ÃßݳÙÇÇݪ ÃáõñùÇÝ ÏáÕÙ¿, ÇÝÏ³Ý Ñ³õ³ïùÇ »õ ѳÛñ»Ý³ëÇñáõû³Ý ׳ÙμáõÝ íñ³Û: ²ÛÉ Ëûëùáíª ÛÇß³ï³ÏÁ ³ÝáÝó, áñáÝù ϳñáÕ³ó³Ý ù³çáõû³Ùμ ¹ÇÙ³·ñ³õ»É Ù³ÑÁ, ѳÛáõÝ Û³ïáõÏ ³ñÇáõû³Ùμ, áñå¿ëÇ ·ÇïݳÝù ï¿ñ ϳݷÝÇÉ Ñ³Û »Ï»Õ»óõáÛ »õ ¹åñáóÇÝ, Ùß³ÏáÛÃÇÝ »õ ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý μéݳ·ñ³õáõ³Í ÑáÕ»ñáõÝ: Ø¿Ï μ³Ý å¿ïù ¿ Ñëï³Ï ÁÉÉ³Û Ù»½Ç ѳٳñ, áñ å³ñï³Ï³ÝáõÃÇõÝ ÙÁ ϳï³ñ»Éáõ ѳٳñ ã¿, áñ Ïá·»Ïáã»Ýù ²åñÇÉ 24-Á, ³ÛÉ ¸¿ñ ¼ûñÇ, è³ë-ÇõÉ-²ÛÝÇ »õ ³ÛÉ ·»ñ»½Ù³Ý³ó³Í ³Ý³å³ïÝ»ñ¿Ý μ³ñÓñ³óáÕ Ù»ñ ݳѳï³ÏÝ»ñáõÝ Ï³ÝãÝ ¿, áñ ÏÁ ûɳ¹ñ¿ Ù»½Ç ϳï³ñ»Éáõ áõËï ÙÁ: àõËïÁ ï¿ñ ϳݷÝÇÉ Ù»ñ ÑáÕ»ñáõÝ, áõËïÁ Ñ³Û ³åñ»Éáõ, ѳÛûñ¿Ý ·áÛ³ï»õ»Éáõ ³éÛ³õ¿ï: ²Ñ³õáñ »õ Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÛÇÝ å³ïÙáõû³Ý Ù¿ç ÝÙ³ÝÁ ãï¿ëÝáõ³Í ³Ûë á×ÇñÇÝ ³½¹³Ýß³ÝÁ ÏÁ ïñáõ¿ñ 1915 Ãáõ³Ï³ÝÇ ³åñÇÉ 24-Ç ·Çß»ñÁ: ºñμ ³ÙμáÕç äáÉÇë ù³Õ³ùÁ ·Çß»ñáõ³Ý Ééáõû³Ý Ù¿ç

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38 ²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ²åñÇÉ 2015 N 5-6 (1316-1317)

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Ý³Í ·»ñÙ³Ý³Ï³Ý ëå³ÛÇ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñå³Í ·Çß»ñ³ÛÇÝ ·ñáÑÁ áã ÙÇ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝù ãïí»ó: Âáõñù»ñÁ, 60-70 ½áÑ ï³Éáí, Ñ»ï ßåñïí»óÇÝ: Ð³Û ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó Ñ»ï ѳí³ë³ñ Ù³ñïÝã»óÇÝ Ý³¨ ϳݳÛù áõ ³ÕçÇÏÝ»ñÁ: 19-³ÙÛ³ ÆëÏáõÑÇ Ð³Ùμ³ñÓáõÙÛ³ÝÁ (ê¨á) Ù³ñï³Ï³Ý ³é³ç³¹ñ³ÝùÁ ·»ñ³½³Ýó ϳï³ñ»Éáõ ѳٳñ å³ñ·¨³ïñí»ó §ä³ïíá ˳㦠ßù³Ýß³Ýáí: ì³Ý»óÇ å³ï³ÝÇÝ»ñÁ áã ÙdzÛÝ ½»Ýù áõ ½ÇݳÙûñù ѳëóÝ»Éáí »Ý û·Ý»É, ³Ûɨ Çñ»Ýù ¿É Ïéí»É »Ý ù³ç³μ³ñ: 樹»ÃÁ, Ó·ï»Éáí ³Ù»Ý ·Ýáí ѳßí»Ñ³ñ¹³ñ ï»ëÝ»É Ñ³Û»ñÇ Ñ»ï, ѳٳÉñ»ó Çñ ½áñù»ñÁ, ³ÙμáÕç ³í³ñÁ Ëáëï³ó³í ùñ¹»ñÇݪ ѳۻñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ×»Õù»Éáõ ¹»åùáõÙ: 500 μÇÃÉÇëóÇ ùñ¹»ñ ·ñáÑ»óÇÝ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ¹Çñù»ñÁ, μ³Ûó, ѳݹÇå»Éáí áõÅ»Õ ¹ÇÙ³¹ñáõÃÛ³Ý, Ëáõ׳å³Ñ³ñ ݳѳÝç»óÇݪ ï³Éáí ß³ï ëå³Ýí³ÍÝ»ñ: ì³ÝÇ Ù³ñï»ñÇ ÁÝóóùáõÙ ãÇ ¹³¹³ñ»É ì³ÝÇ áÕç Ý³Ñ³Ý·Ç Ñ³Û μݳÏãáõÃÛ³Ý Ïáïáñ³ÍÁ, ÙdzÛÝ »ñ»ù ûñáõÙ Ïáïáñí»É ¿ 24.000 ѳÛ, óɳÝí»É áõ Ññ¹»Ñí»É ³í»ÉÇ ù³Ý 100 ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ·ÛáõÕ: سÛÇëÇ ëϽμÇÝ éáõë³Ï³Ý μ³Ý³ÏÇ ¨ Ñ³Û Ï³Ù³íáñ³Ï³Ý çáϳïÝ»ñÇ ³é³ç˳ճóáõÙÁ ѳñϳ¹ñ»É ¿ Ãáõñù³Ï³Ý Ññ³Ù³Ý³ï³ñáõÃÛ³ÝÁ ¹³¹³ñ»óÝ»É ì³ÝÇ å³ß³ñáõÙÁ ¨ Ñ»é³Ý³É: 1915-Ç ³åñÇÉÇ 7-Çó ÙÇÝ㨠ٳÛÇëÇ 6-Á ï¨³Í ì³ÝÇ Ñ»ñáë³Ï³Ý ÇÝùݳå³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ñ³Û ³½·³ÛÇÝ-³½³ï³·ñ³Ï³Ý å³Ûù³ñÇ ÷³é³íáñ ¿ç»ñÇó ¿: ²ÛÝ 150.000-Çó ³í»ÉÇ Ñ³Û»ñÇ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ ïí»ó ÷ñÏí»É ³ÝËáõë³÷»ÉÇ áãÝã³óáõÙÇó:

Ð²Ú Ö²ðî²ð²äºîÆ Î²èàõò²Ì öàêî²îàõÜÀ Îìºð²ÌìÆ ´²ðÒð²Î²ð¶ ÐÚàõð²ÜàòÆ Ü»ñϳÛÇë ÂáõñùdzÛÇ Ñ³ñ³í-³ñ¨»ÉÛ³Ý Ø³ñ¹ÇÝ Ý³Ñ³Ý·áõÙ Ñ³Û ×³ñï³ñ³å»ïÇ Ï³éáõó³Í ß»ÝùÁ Ïí»ñ³ÍíÇ ÑÛáõñ³ÝáóÇ, ÷á˳ÝóáõÙ ¿ Ãáõñù³Ï³Ý §æÇѳݦ ·áñͳϳÉáõÃÛáõÝÁ: سñ¹ÇÝÇ ÷áëï³ïáõÝÁ ѳٳñíáõÙ ¿ Çñ ï»ë³ÏÇ Ù»ç ·»Õ»óϳ·áõÛÝÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏÝ ³ÙμáÕç ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ: ²ÛÝ 2011-ÇÝ Ï³½Ùí³Í ³ß˳ñÑÇ ³Ù»Ý³·»Õ»óÇÏ ÷áëï³ïÝ»ñÇ óáõó³ÏáõÙ ½μ³Õ»óñ»É ¿ Ûáûñáñ¹ ÑáñǽáݳϳÝÁ:

Þ»ÝùÁ 1890-ÇÝ Ï³éáõó»É ¿ Ñ³Û ×³ñï³ñ³å»ï ê³ñ·Çë ÈáÉ»Ý: 125-³ÙÛ³ ß»ÝùÁ ·áñÍ»É ¿ ï³ñμ»ñ Ý߳ݳÏÙ³Ùμ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ³é³í»É ѳÛïÝÇ ¿ áñå»ë ÷áëï³ïáõÝ: Ü»ñϳÛáõÙ 122 ï³ñí³ å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»óáÕ ß»ÝùáõÙ í»ñ³Ï³Ý·ÝÙ³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñ »Ý ÁÝóÝáõÙ: ì»ñ³Ï³Ý·ÝáõÙÇó Ñ»ïá ³ÛÝ í»ñ³Íí»Éáõ ¿ μ³ñÓñ³Ï³ñ· ÑÛáõñ³ÝáóÇ:

¸áõ ·Çï»Ç±ñ ³Ûë Ù³ëÇÝ

Ȳ¼²ðÚ²Ü ÖºØ²ð²Ü Ø»ñ Ùß³ÏáõÛÃÇ ·áñÍÇãÝ»ñÇ, Ùï³íáñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý, ׳ݳãí³Í ·ÇïݳϳÝÝ»ñÇ ³í³· ë»ñÝ¹Ç Ï»Ýë³·ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ, áñå»ë ϳÝáÝ, Áݹ·ÍáõÙ ¿ñ Ýñ³Ýó ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý ³Ù»Ý³Ï³ñ¨áñ ïáÕÁª ³í³ñï»É ¿ ȳ½³ñÛ³Ý ×»Ù³ñ³ÝÁ: ²Ûëûñí³ Ó¨³Ï»ñåÙ³Ùμª ë³ ³ñ¹»Ý §μñ»Ý¹¦ ¿ñ, μ³ñÓñ í³ñϳÝÇß: 1815-ÇÝ ØáëÏí³ÛÇ Ï»ÝïñáÝÇ Ð³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý Ýñμ³ÝóùáõÙ μ³óí»ó ÙÇ ÏñÃûç³Ëª ȳ½³ñÛ³Ý ×»Ù³ñ³ÝÁ, áñÁ ϳéáõóí»É ¿ñ ٻͳѳñáõëï ³½Ýí³Ï³ÝÝ»ñ, Ñ³Û ³½·³ÛÇݳ½³ï³·ñ³Ï³Ý å³Ûù³ñÇ »ñ³Ëï³íáñÝ»ñ ȳ½³ñÛ³ÝÝ»ñÇ ÙÇçáóÝ»ñáí áõ ݳ˳ӻéÝáõÃÛ³Ùμ: êï»ÕÍí³Í ÉÇÝ»Éáí áñå»ë ѳ۳·Çï³Ï³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝ, Ñ³Û Çñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ Ù³ëݳ·»ïÝ»ñ å³ïñ³ëï»Éáõ ݳËÝ³Ï³Ý Ýå³ï³Ïáíª ×»Ù³ñ³ÝÁ ³ÙμáÕç èáõë³ëï³ÝáõÙ ß³ï ßáõïáí ¹³ñÓ³í ųٳݳÏÇ ÙÇ³Ï ³ñ¨»É³·Çï³Ï³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝÁ, áñÁ å³ïñ³ëïáõÙ ¿ñ ³ñ³μ»ñ»ÝÇ, å³ñëÏ»ñ»ÝÇ, Ãáõñù»ñ»ÝÇ Ù³ëݳ·»ïÝ»ñ: ȳ½³ñÛ³Ý ×»Ù³ñ³ÝÝ ³ÛÝ Ñ³½í³·Ûáõï áõëáõÙÝ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇó ¿ñ, áñï»Õ ³é³Ýó ³½·³ÛÇÝ áõ ¹³í³Ý³ÝùÇ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý áõë³ÝáõÙ ¿ÇÝ Ñ³Û»ñ, éáõëÝ»ñ, íñ³óÇÝ»ñ ¨ ³ÛÉ ³½·áõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñ: ܳËÏÇÝ È³½³ñÛ³Ý ×»Ù³ñ³ÝÇ ß»ÝùÁ Ñ»ïݳåáÉ»áÝÛ³Ý ØáëÏí³ÛÇ ³ãùÇ ÁÝÏÝáÕ ×³ñï³ñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý ÏáÃáÕÝ»ñÇó ¿: 1827-ÇÝ ×»Ù³ñ³ÝÝ ³Ýí³Ýí»É ¿ ²ñ¨»ÉÛ³Ý É»½áõÝ»ñÇ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý È³½³ñÛ³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõï: 1829-Çó ×»Ù³ñ³ÝÇÝ ÏÇó ·áñÍ»É ¿ ïå³ñ³Ý, áñï»Õ 13 É»½íáí ïå³·ñí»É »Ý μ³½Ù³ÃÇí ·ñù»ñ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ ¹³ë³·ñù»ñ ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ¹åñáóÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ²ÛÝáõÑ»ï¨ áñáßáõ٠ϳ۳óí»ó ȳ½³ñÛ³Ý ×»Ù³ñ³ÝÇ ß»ÝùáõÙ ëï»ÕÍ»É Ñ³Û-éáõë³Ï³Ý μ³ñ»Ï³ÙáõÃÛ³Ý Ã³Ý·³ñ³Ý, áñÁ å³ïÙáõÙ ¿ ȳ½³ñÛ³ÝÝ»ñÇ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ, Ýñ³Ýó Ùß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ ¨ ïÝï»ë³Ï³Ý μ»ÕÙݳíáñ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ: ²é³ÝÓÇÝ Ñ»ï³ùñùñáõÃÛáõÝ »Ý Ý»ñϳ۳óÝáõÙ ºÏ³ï»ñÇݳ II-Ç, ²É»ùë³Ý¹ñ II-Ǫ ȳ½³ñÛ³ÝÝ»ñÇÝ ßÝáñÑí³Í Ññáí³ñï³ÏÝ»ñÝ áõ ßÝáñѳϳɳ·ñ»ñÁ, ïáÑÙÇ ³Ù»Ý³³Ïݳéáõ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñÇ ßù»Õ ¹ÇÙ³ÏÝ»ñÝ áõ ÏÇë³Ý¹ñÇÝ»ñÁ, ÷³ëï³ÃÕûñ, áñáÝù ³ñï³óáÉáõÙ »Ý ïáÑÙÇ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ý ³Ù»Ý³ï³ñμ»ñ ÏáÕÙ»ñÁ: òáõó³¹ñáõÃÛ³Ý »ñÏñáñ¹ª Ù»Í ëñ³ÑÁ ³μáÕçáíÇÝ ÝíÇñ-

í³Í ¿ ȳ½³ñÛ³Ý ×»Ù³ñ³ÝÇ å³ïÙáõÃÛ³ÝÁª ëÏë³Í Ýñ³ ëï»ÕÍÙ³Ý ûñÇó ÙÇÝ㨠1921 Ãí³Ï³ÝÁ: Ö»Ù³ñ³ÝÇ ·ñ³¹³ñ³ÝÇ Ñ³í³ù³ÍáõÝ (1913-Çݪ 40.000 ·Çñù) μ»ñí»É ¿ г۳ëï³Ý, ¨ ¹³ñÓ»É ¿ г۳ëï³ÝÇ ³½·³ÛÇÝ ·ñ³¹³ñ³ÝÇ ÑÇÙݳñ³ñ ýáݹ»ñÇó Ù»ÏÁ: àõëáõóáõÙÁ û¨ éáõë»ñ»Ý ¿ñ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ Ñ³Û³·Çï³Ï³Ý μáÉáñ ³é³ñϳݻñÁ ¹³ë³í³Ý¹í»É »Ý ѳۻñ»Ý: àõëáõóã³¹³ë³Ëáë³Ï³Ý ϳ½ÙÇ ¨ ë³Ý»ñÇ Ù»Í Ù³ëÁ ѳۻñ ¿ÇÝ: 1858-Çó ×»Ù³ñ³ÝáõÙ ·áñÍ»É ¿ ݳ¨ óïñáÝ: Ü»ñϳ۳óáõÙÝ»ñÇÝ Ù³ëݳÏó»É ¿ éáõë Ý߳ݳíáñ é»ÅÇëáñ ¨ óï»ñ³Ï³Ý ·áñÍÇã ÎáÝëï³ÝïÇÝ êï³ÝÇëɳíëÏÇÝ. ³Û¹ ßñç³Ýáõ٠ݳ ëáíáñ»É ¿ ×»Ù³ñ³ÝáõÙ: Ö»Ù³ñ³ÝáõÙ ¹³ë³í³Ý¹»É »Ý Ñ³Û ¨ ûï³ñ³½·Ç μ³½Ù³ÃÇí Ý߳ݳíáñ ·áñÍÇãÝ»ñ: Ð³Û Ùï³íáñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ³Ýí³ÝÇ ß³ï ¹»Ùù»ñÇó μ³óÇ ³Ûëï»Õ »Ý ëáíáñ»É ݳ¨ éáõë³Ï³Ý Ùß³ÏáõÛÃÇ Ñ³ÛïÝÇ ¹»Ùù»ñ Ȩ îáÉëïáÛÁ, Æí³Ý îáõñ·»Ý¨Á, ØÇ˳ÛÇÉ ¶ÉÇÝϳÝ, ÚáõñÇ ì»ë»ÉáíëÏÇÝ ¨ áõñÇßÝ»ñ: Ö»Ù³ñ³ÝÁ ·áñÍ»É ¿ ³í»ÉÇ ù³Ý 1 ¹³ñ: 1921-ÇÝ í»ñ³Ï³½Ù³íáñí»É ¿ ØáëÏí³ÛÇ ³ñ¨»É³·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõïÇ, áñï»Õ 1921-53ÃÃ. ·áñÍ»É ¿ ØáëÏí³ÛÇ Ñ³Û Ùß³ÏáõÛÃÇ ïáõÝÁ: 1970-³Ï³Ý Ãí³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇó ×»Ù³ñ³ÝÇ Ñ³Ù³ÉÇñÁ ѳÝÓÝí»É ¿ г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ï³é³í³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ïÝûñÇÝáõÃÛ³ÝÁ, ÐÐ ³ÝϳËáõÃÛáõÝÇó Ñ»ïá ³ÛÝ ïñ³Ù³¹ñí»É ¿ èáõë³ëï³Ýáõ٠г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»ëå³ÝáõÃÛ³ÝÁ: ²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ²åñÇÉ 2015 N 5-6 (1316-1317)

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Armenian Genocide RECONGNIZE 1915 “Recognize 1915” project is dedicated to 100th anniversary of Armenian Genocide which is coming in 2015. Initiators of this project are patriots – descendants of people who escaped from ethnical mass murders in Turkey at the end of the 19th and at the beginning of 20th centuries. We carry all sorrow and pain of those years... pain that will not let us tolerate these crimes. Each and every one of us took responsibility for supporting worldwide recognition and condemnation of Armenian Genocide, as such crime cannot possibly have limitation period. We strongly believe that every person, no matter his/her nationality, should recognize and condemn all crimes and massacres organized by Turkey during first decades of the 20th century. This project was developed to inform the whole world about horrendous tragedy happened in the beginning of previous century, which took lives of almost 1.5 million Armenians. As many of us often write personal and corporate emails to the people and organisations abroad, we created “Recognize 1915” signature which can be inserted into your emails. With this project we want to remind people that any unpunished crime can be made again.

rmenian Genocide or Mets Eghern is carefully planned massacre of the Armenian population which resulted in the extermination of the Armenian population from their historical homeland Western Armenia. It was implemented in two stages. The first stage was the slaughter in 1894-96 organized by the sultan of Ottoman Empire Abdul Hamid II. The second stage started in 1909 with the mass carnages of Adana and continued throughout 1915-23. The organisers were the leaders of the Young Turk Party and the Committee of Union and Progress (Ittihat) and later the representatives of the Turkish National Movement. The first response was the joint announcement made by France, Great Britain and Russia in 1915 which qualified the encroachment on Armenians as “a crime against humanity and civilization’’. According to them the Turkish government was guilty for the annihilation of the Armenians.

A

Since the start of World War I around 60 000 Armenian males were recruited to Ottoman Army. They were disarmed and killed by their Turkish comrade-inarms in 1915. On April 24, in Constantinople (Istanbul) began the mass imprisonment and execution of hundreds of Armenian intellectuals; the talents of the Armenian nation were exterminated. The policy of the physical extermination of the Armenian population continued. The elderly, women and children were marched out hundreds of kilometers to the Syrian town of Deir ez-Zor and the surrounding desert, without food and water. During the deportation and in concentration camps situated in Syrian deserts (Deir ez-Zor, Ra's al'Ayn, Raka, Maskanah) hundreds of thousands of people were killed by Ottoman troops, officers, Kurdish assassins; others perished of starvation and infectious diseases. Thousands of women were raped, children were

abused. Besides, thousands of Armenians were forced to change into Muslims. 1 500 000 Armenians were exterminated as a result of massacres and deportations. Mets Eghern was the first Genocide of the 20th century planned at the Government level and carried out systematically with the aim of the total extermination of the Armenian nation from the earth. As the world turned a blind eye in the face of the slaughters, it served as a precedent for the other Genocides of the 20th century. Today the Republic of Turkey refuses to accept the undeniable fact of the Armenian Genocide carried out by the Ottoman Empire. The problem of the recognition and condemnation of the Armenian Genocide as a memory of the neglected tragedy passes from generation to generation. More than 44 countries have officially recognized and condemned the Armenian Genocide.

APRIL 1

April Fool’s Day April Fool's Day started in the sixteenth century in Europe. Before that time, New Year's Day was celebrated on April 1st. Then a new calendar was introduced called the Gregorian calendar. January 1st became the first day of the year, but many people did not know about it. So those who continued to celebrate New Year's Day on April 1st were teased. They were called fools. Nowadays we play jokes on people on April 1st. For example, someone might put salt in the sugar container so another person could "accidentally" put it in their coffee. Or someone might change the time on another person's alarm clock so that person would unknowingly wake up earlier or later than planned. Or maybe a person would tell a lie to make someone else shocked. After we play the trick, we say "April Fool." Then the poor person realizes he was fooled. It is generally done in the spirit of fun and doesn't cause any real harm to anyone. Do you have any great jokes to play on anyone today? Try it out. Just don't forget to say "April Fool" when the other person begins looking a little confused.

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APRIL 7

KHRIMYAN HAYRIK195

Motherhood and Beauty Day

Mkrtich Khrimyan was immortalized when he was proclaimed "Hayrik" (Father)," by his people. He was glorified as an advocate for justice and it is his image that has been painted by numerous artists. Mkrtich Khrimyan is a historical figure who stood out in the eyes of his contemporaries as being a symbol, an example, a guide and a leader. In 1869 Khrimyan was elected Patriarch of Constantinople. Five years later he resigned this position and began his struggle against darkness and injustice. Carrying out an ambitious plan to enlighten his people, Khrimyan was thwarted in his efforts by the antagonism of fellow clergy who presented numerous obstacles to his work. In 1907 Catholicos Khrimyan died leaving a grieving nation. Khrimyan's life was an outstanding and extraordinary example of a leader's dynamic accomplishment in drawing his people closer and closer to their native land and sense of nationhood, both physically and spiritually.

48 ²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞÎ ²åñÇÉ 2015 N 5-6 (1316-1317)

Mothers’ Day is celebrated all over the world as a mark of respect to all the mothers, recognizing their efforts and significance to each and every family. But the dates of this holiday are different in many countries. The Armenians commemorate Mothers’ Day every 7th of April. This is also a Beauty Day dedicated to all women in the country. In Armenia, after the collapse of the Soviet Union celebrations of International Women's Day were abandoned. Instead, April 7 was introduced as state holiday of ‘Beauty and Motherhood’. The new holiday immediately became popular among Armenians, as it commemorates one of the main holidays of the Armenian Church, the Annunciation. However, people still kept celebrating Women's Day on March 8 as well. Public discussion held on the topic of two ‘Women’s Days’ in Armenia resulted in the recognition of the so called ‘Women’s Month’ which is the period between March 8 and April 7. The difference of these two holidays is that March 8 is celebrated as all women day and April 7 is mother’s day.

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International Day for Monuments and Sights In 1982, in response to a proposal by ICOMOS, UNESCO designated 18 April as the ‘International Day for Monuments and Sites’. Each year a theme is selected to help focus the celebration and promotion of cultural heritage across the world. The aim is to explore cultural heritage and encourage local communities and individuals to consider its importance to their lives, identities and communities. The theme selected for 2012 is World Heritage in celebration of the 40th Anniversary of the World Heritage Convention. According to UNESCO 1974 data, out of the 913 Armenian monuments that survived, 464 pieces disappeared, 252 are ruined and 197 need restoring. Armenian monuments were totally damaged, its stones were used as building material by turks. In some villages they were used as stables, storages or jails. The destruction of Armenian cultural heritage or its defalcation is the continuation of the genocide strategy realized by the turks against the Armenians.

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APRIL 27

Earth Day

Hovhannes Shiraz-100

Each Year, Earth Day ‘’April 22’’ marks the anniversary of what many consider the birth of the modern environmental movement in 1970. Earth Day is honored around the world on April 22, although larger events such as festivals and rallies are often organized for the weekends before or after April 22. Many communities also observe Earth Week or Earth Month, organizing a series of environmental activities throughout the month of April. The fight for a clean environment continues in a climate of increasing urgency, as the ravages of climate change become more manifest every day. We invite you to be a part of Earth Day and help write many more victories and successes into our history. Discover energy you didn't even know you had. Feel it rumble through the grassroots under your feet and the technology at your fingertips. Channel it into building a clean, healthy, diverse world for generations to come.

April 27 marks the 100th anniversary of great Armenian poet Hovhannes Shiraz. Armenian poet would have marked his 100th anniversary, if alive. Shiraz is an author of about forty poetry books and translations. His rich vocabulary and sensitive style, enhanced by folk and colloquial elements,made his poetry one of the highest achievements of Armenian literature. Critics consider many of his works masterpieces. According to Paruyr Sevak, "The modern Armenian poetry has risen on the ridge of Shiraz"."Shiraz is a great talent, we should be proud and consider as a great honor that we personally know him", wrote William Saroyan.

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APRIL 29

Lazarev Institute-200

International Dance Day

The Lazarev Institute, established in 1815, was a Moscow school specializing in orientalism, particularly that of Armenia, and the cultural center of the Armenian diaspora in Russia. Many Russian scholars specializing in Transcaucasia received their education at the institute. The former Institute in Armyansky Lane is a listed memorial building and currently houses the Embassy of Armenia in Moscow. The institute was established in 1815 by the Lazarev (Lazarian) family.

On April 29, 2015 International Dance Day, also known as World Dance Day, is celebrated through promotion by the International Dance Council (CID). The day was introduced in 1982 by the International Dance Committee of the UNESCO International Theatre Institute. The date was chosen to commemorate the birthday of Jean-Georges Noverre, who was born in 1727, a French dancer and ballet master and a great reformer of dance. Around the world, there are events on World Dance Day, such as opendoor-courses, exhibitions, articles concerning all kinds of dance, dance evenings, street shows, and special performances, etc. Above this, every year a message from a well known dance personality is circulated throughout the world.

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Scholarships Awarded by the Armenian Youth Foundation The ceremony of scholarship award competition announced by the Armenian Youth Foundation was held in the Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, which was attended by RA Prime Minister Hovik Abrahamyan. Welcoming and congratulating the students awarded with the scholarship, Karen Avagyan, the Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Armenian Youth Foundation mentioned that this is the RA Government Project and the Foundation is a mediator organization which has been able to organize everything the way so that all the students who have excellent marks and who have relevant certificate from social services, and the ones who are single-parent, are awarded with financial support. “The existence of the project and the presence of students are the proof in virtue of which we

have been able to make the project trustworthy” as was added by Karen Avagyan. Furthermore the RA Prime Minister Hovik Abrahamyan handed the scholarship certificates to the representatives of HEIs’ student structures. ”The education has always played an important role in our society. There is one certain thing – the qualified and educated specialist is always demanded. The RA Government always supports the students creating necessary conditions to obtain relevant education. The issue of availability of higher education is always in the

center of our Government’s attention” the Prime Minister noted. Worth mentioning that with this program 646 students of different HEIs were awarded with scholarships, meanwhile 60 students are from YSMU.

YSMU Rector Michael Narimanyan Participates in the Collegium Session of the RA Health Minister YSMU Rector Michael Narimanyan took part in the collegium session of the RA Health Minister which was dedicated to the prevention and fight against the inter-hospital infections in Armenia. During the session the results of the studies conducted, current issues and proposals aimed at solutions were presented. The studies have been made in 108 large medical centers of Armenia, out of which 60 are located in regions (marzes). Shortcomings and gaps during the process of inter-hospital infections prevention and fight were highlighted, as well as the implementation of proper epidemiological control, presence of epidemiologist and application of infection control programs were considered of special importance. During the discussion collegium

members YSMU Rector M. Narimanyan, Ara Babloyan, Health Care, Maternity and Childhood Standing Committee Chair of RA National Assembly, Ara Minasyan, Director of “Surb Grigor Lousavorich” Medical Center, Razmik Abrahamyan, RA Chief Obstetrician-Gynecologist, and others made proposal aimed at fight against infections. Worth mentioning that according to the World Health Organization treatment of more than 1.4mln people on annual basis becomes more complex due to inter-hospital infections. Even infectious problems raise at least for 5-12% people whose treatment is conducted in the very modern hospitals of developed countries. For exam-

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ple in the USA it is 5-6%, in EU it is equal to 7.1%, and in developing countries it is equal to 25-40%. In Russian Federation the percentage is 8-10%, in Belarus – up to 35%, in Kazakhstan – 7-20%. At the end of the session relevant decisions were made by the collegium.

A Visit to Georgia in Response to the Invitation of TSMU Rector The delegation of Mkhitar Heratsi Yerevan State Medical University arrived in Georgia on 24 February 2015, for a visit to Tbilisi State Medical University . The visit took place on 24 to 26 February on the invitation extended by the Rector of the Georgian University. The Armenian delegation was represented by Dr. Samvel Avetisyan, Vice-Rector for Academic Affairs, Professor; Dr. Bagrat Yenokyan, Dean of Pharmacy Faculty, Associate Professor; Dr. Aram Baykov, Head of Academic Programmes Department, Associate Professor. The visit aimed at strengthening relations between the two universities. In particular, the agenda covered meetings scheduled with Professor Kakhaber Chelidze – ViceRector for TSMU Academic Affairs; Prof. Tinatin Chikovani – Dean of Faculty of Medicine; Dr. David Topuria – Dean of Overseas Students’ Faculty, Associate Professor; Prof. Dali Beriashvili – Dean of Faculty of Pharmacy; Prof. Nodar Lomidze – Director of University Clinical Hospital N1; Prof. Vakhtang Kipiani – Head of Pathophysiology Department, as well as range of meetings with the staff of Academic Affairs Office. Discussions focused on higher medical and pharmacy education systems employed in Georgia along with the

ongoing academic programmes, and the basic outline of both theoretical and clinical departments. The visit also featured an introduction on the first multi-profile clinical hospital under TSMU , academic-methodical and research workings. Assessments made between the curricula and modules designed for the educational programmes on “General Medicine” and “Pharmacy” enabled selection of most feasible courses for purposes of achieving mobility schemes in the offing. Moreover, the parties also considered general terms of such mobility for students and faculty. To note, a close-up on the activities at institutional library divisions formed specific part of the agenda. The meetings were basically held in a warm environment of mutual understanding. Round-table discussions held on 25 February 2015, which Dr. Chelidze and TSMU deans attended, resulted in clarifying future partnership schemes as well as main directions and timeline of academic mobility. It should be stated that a Resolution was drafted in relation to this mobility with a view to further bilateral verification thereof.

YSMU Student Parliament Receives “Haykyan” Award The “Haykyan 2014” Award Ceremony was held in the Yerevan State Chamber Theater which was attended by RA President Serzh Sargsyan. The “Haykyan” award was received by the best youth institutions and projects of 2014. We are happy and proud to inform that the YSMU Student Parliament was awarded with “Haykyan” award in the “Best International Youth Project” nomination for the “Let Us Lead the Future” International Youth Forum. We extend our congratulations to the Student Parliament wishing new endeavors and achievements.

Accreditation Certificate Received On March 5 Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi received the accreditation certificate Worth mentioning that on February 21 the Committee session of National Center for Professional Education Quality Assurance Foundation took place during which a decision was made to award 3 higher educational institu-

tions with institutional accreditation. According to the Committee decision Yerevan State Medical University was awarded with accreditation for 4 years. Yerevan State University and State Engineering University of Armenia were awarded relevantly with 6 and 4 years of accreditations.

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The letter has been written on the occasion of April 24- Armenian Genocide Centennial

OPEN LETTER TO THE TURKISH COLLEAGUE In this case, unfortunately I can't use the word colleague. We don't know each other personally but we both do the same thing. We ensure our readers in our rightness. Both me and you write about our nation's glorious and tough history, about its heros, victories and losses… Both me and you write about Mount Ararat , Lake Van and Akhtamar.. What makes the difference is that Mount Ararat is a saint biblical peak , an unattainable path of glory , a mighty mountain where the greatest poet of the Masis Mountains is resting.. For you our saint Masis is just a mountain, named Aghrdan. Even the view from our sites is different. Van is the birthplace of the most part of my nation's intelligentsia's ancestors, the name of which wasn't even pronounced without a teardrop by the one's who abandoned and left Van in fires, by the ones who passed their homesick longing to their generations… For you Van is simply a town, nothing else.Recently it is also an area seeking profit from the tourists. And I am almost sure that you perfectly know who the tourists are: certainly not ordinary visitors, but people who, by the tells of their grandparents, come to the town in the hope of finding the temples where their ancestors prayed. Be careful! Those people take small packets of soil from their home land for the tombs of their grandparents. Both me and you write about Costantinople. For you it's Istanbul . For me it's Polis, with the Armenian Bera region, with the most magnificent structures of the Christian era - Saint Sofia

Temple, with Karapet Palyan , father of 10 sons , architect of numerous palaces, one of which is the residence of your president. And what would you write about it? That "without the Palyans Istambul wouldn't be itself"? Why would you? Even his tomb wasn't known until recently, wasn't it? In this case I must be writing that recently the cemeteries of Karapet Palyan and other prominent Armenians have been found in one of the construction sites of Istanbul with already illegible tombstones. You should simply be proud to represent the tourists the city founded by Roman Emperor Costantin and later developed and renovated by the Armenian architects… be proud like the way you present the " Happy is he who is turkish" slogan on the banners of airports and main squares. Frankly speaking the happiers are not the ones who are ensured that they are happy. Happiness doesn't like and accept rhetorics. You absolutely know that the severe assassin , the occupier of others' regions can't be happy. Today the civilized world brings the facts that your country paid millions of dollars to burn the documents on the genocide in the Egyptian achieves otherwise they could put your country in a tough situation in front of the International Court .The news website "Democtrathaber" of your country speaks about this.. Now I know, you'd say "The strongest win the war. We won but you could also win.." You weren't the stronger but the World War released your hands which had been scratching long before to solve the Armenian Issue. Your country is proud of the victory in the Gallipoli which you

celebrate in May. You've transferred it to the date of April 24 this year, probably to obstruct the participation of the leaders of other countries in the centennial of Armenian genocide . The goal of the War was to reattribute the world, to reform the political map of the World. England had planned to destroy its most dangerous enemy- Germany, to occupy Mesopotamia and Palestine , to be firm in Egypt and keep its colonial empire. And consequently each country had its objectives and interests in the war. Turkey had decided to seize the Caucuses , Crimea, Middle East and to realize is panturkish plans. 38 out of 58 countries of the world were taking part in the war. Military activities were taking place in more than ten military stages. And in that hard time a nation was being annihilated. Certainly we were not interesting for those huge countries at that very moment, but there were some concerned individuals who later became the members of our honorary book. In the fights of the strongest my little country was an obstacle for the green light of the panturkish plan. I know you'd say why current generation should pay for the deeds of people realized hundreds of years ago. The powerful countries of the world also convince us to forget the past, to live with open boarders. But the actions of hundred years are still happening today…Otherwise in one of the busiest streets, in daytime Hrant Dink wouldn't be killed.. The government of your country yells all the time about the necessity to reveal the archives . There are photos in those archives which don't bring honor to your country. But now I am not talking about the terrifying scenes but if you look more carefully into those photos, you'll notice only women and children in the caravans of refuges. Men had been killed beforehand. Sometimes we come across some facts when some turks saved the lives of some children. But they don't note that later Armenians bought those kids to take them to Armenian orphanages. So what documents or facts from those historical archives will justify the distortion of their fates? Do you have an answer for me? Now much is discussed upon the question why Armenian men didn't fight for their women and children, for their country. Firstly they didn't want to awaken the beast in your nation knowing well, like Hugo describes "the turk has been here", that your nation will revenge savagely. What concerns the struggle itself , Musa , Van and Zeytun battles are heroic pages in my history. Depriving us from our homeland you thought we'd become nomadic and beggar. No! Moreover. You deprived yourselves from the individuals who could bring fame to your country. As a result of the Genocide many countries of the world acquired prominent artists, writers and businessmen. As a result of the Genocide "Armenian Land" was formed which you can't ignore now, which has handed over the history and events of the centennial from generation to generation. Would you like me to reveal some photos from archives with my inscription? Try to argue the opposite. If not successful, I am not to blame, but the facts which are undeniable and relentless. I’ll translate this letter into turkish , read and consider why Armenians don’t rest, don’t forget and don’t reconcile. Looking forward to your answer.

ARMENIANS BEFORE THE GENOCIDE

ARMENIANS DURING THE GENOCIDE

SEDA KHACHATUR TOROSYAN Member of the International Union of Journalists. Chief Editor of "Apaga bzhisk" Magazine

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THE TSITSERNAKABERD MEMORIAL

Throughout its age-long history Armenian people have had many achievements, but the losses outnumber them. Because of Armenia's strategic location and also its religious views it has constantly been attacked and consequently, not only appeared under the rule of this or that nation, empire or country, but also lost its statehood. The beginning of the 20th century was a terrible period for Armenians not only because they were under the rule of the Ottoman Empire but also because they went through massive killings, which would later come to be known as Armenian Genocide. Since then Armenia has spared no effort to let the whole world know about this crime against humanity claiming that if it's not criticized then it's destined to be repeated sooner or later. No Armenian will ever forget those events, and today high on a hill, that overlooks Yerevan, Tsitsernakaberd, the memorial dedicated to over 1.5 million victims of the Armenian Genocide rises. With meaning swallow and meaning fortress in English Tsistersnakaberd is translated from Armenian into English

as the Fortress of Swallows or the Swallows' Fortress. A legend has it that the Temple of Astghik, the Armenian Goddess of Love used to be on the hill. On the second floor of the temple swallows resided. And these swallows acted as her messengers to her beloved Vahagn, the God of Thunder who is more known among Armenians as Vishapaqagh, that is "dragon reaper." Notably, before 1949 Tsitserbakaberd was an empty place. Only after 1949 mass tree planting was launched there, as a result of which the territory turned into a rich forest. The construction of the memorial began in 1966. Each year on April 24 thousands of Armenians gather in Tsitsernakaberd to visit the Genocide Memorial and lay a flower there in commemoration of all the Armenian victims. A few days later these flowers droop, die and become garbage. However, since 2010, for three years the flower gathering event has given a second life to these Memorial flowers which are since then recycled. During the flower gathering event which is part of the Earth Day campaign, the stalk of the flowers are chaffed to become compost for the development of the memorial gardens, and the flower petals are carefully collected, dried and then processed. Recycled paper is used in a very symbolic way, such as for thank-you letters and invitations to the Armenian Genocide Museum-Institute. On the rest of the days Tsitsernakaberd is not so crowded. It's always very calm and quiet there. Even if there are many people, no noise is ever made. Both the Genocide Memorial and Tsitsernakaberd with its richest forest are a popular tourist destination, which every tourist at least once pays a visit to.

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THROUGHOUT THE WORLD International Students Yerevan State Medical University has always put at the forefront the importance of shaping intercultural communication with a global extension of education. Since its foundation, the University has been the only state medical institution in Armenia with the following outline: Today, more than 1000 students, residents and PhD students are from overseas. We collaborate with colleagues and university alumni around the world for realizing academic trainings; develop uptodate content of academic materials, summit on medical and healthcare issues of international importance through congresses, seminars and workshops. Our undergraduate and graduate programmes train highly qualified physicians and healthcare professionals for CIS, Central Asian, European and many other countries worldwide. Today our alumni successfully fulfill professional practice in various top clinics and hospitals around the globe also acting as academic leaders in world leading universities.

YSMU in the World The World Health Organization recognizes YSMU as the only state medical university of the Republic of Armenia. The University is included in the World Directory of Medical Schools. YSMU is also recognized by the medical councils of different countries. The University has established various contacts with medical schools and healthcare institutions of several countries and international organizations in the areas of medical education and healthcare. Since 2000 YSMU has a membership in a number of international organizations namely: World Federation of Medical Education (WFME), as a member of Assosiation of Medical Education in Europe (AMEE) Association of Dental Education in Europe (ADEE) International Federation of Medical Students Association (IFMSA) International Pharmaceutical Students

Federation (IPSF) European Medical Students Assocation (EMSA) Global Universities in distance Education (GUIDE Association) International Federation of Dental Students Association (IFDSA) YSMU is also included in various international educational and scientific programs, such as programs of TacisTempus and World Bank.

University of Kansas Medical Center, USA Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt University of Camerino, Italy Stavropol State Medical Academy, Russia In the future we will continue widening these collaborations and putting them on a constant track in addition to establishing new ones across the world.

International Cooperation

Premedical Education

As a result of such extensive cooperation worldwide, numerous faculty and student exchange programs have been established. A great number of students have completed short-term and longterm internships abroad, which considerably promote the education of leaders in this period of globalization and internationalization. The university administration does comprehend the importance of international collaboration and its benefits. Therefore, cooperation agreements have been signed and reviewed between YSMU and various well-known medical universities in the CIS, Europe, Central Asia and the US, including: Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, France Boston University School of Medicine, USA Columbia University, College of Physicians & Surgeons, USA Georgia Neurosurgical Institute, Mercer University School of Medicine, USA David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA Cairo University School of Medicine, Egypt, Riga Stradins UniversityL’UniversitÊ Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium Open Medical Institute, AmericanAustrian Foundation University of Luebeck, Luebeck/Research Center Borstel, Borstel Germany, Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia - joint cooperation agreement National University of Pharmacy, Kharkov, Ukraine

Every year students enrolled in the preparatory year program can acquire the necessary knowledge and language backgrounds. Admission process to the Premedical department is based on an interview. The curriculum of the Premedical department includes Physics, Chemistry, Biology and the language of study (Armenian, Russian or English).

Undergraduate Education Applicants to Yerevan State Medical University must have high school or secondary professional education. Applicants should submit their documents to the embassy or consulates of the Republic of Armenia in the given country. The applicant is enrolled in the 1st year of the study having successfully passed entrance test exams in Physics, Chemistry and Biology.

Transfer to YSMU from other HEI-s In order to transfer from other Higher Education Institutions (HEI) to YSMU, the student needs to represent academic transcript two weeks prior to the study. Students needing a transfer and having a difference in the academic disciplines have to take an exam in the differing subject.