YSMU, Apaga Bzhishk

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زðîÆ 10 ì²ð¸¶ºê êàõðºÜÚ²Üò-1 1 55 (1860 -1 1 921)

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ºä´Ð àõê²ÜàÔܺðÀ §È²ì²¶àõÚÜ àõê²ÜàÔ¦ ØðòàõÚÂÆ Ð²ÔÂàÔܺðÆ ÂìàõØ ºÜ úñ»ñë ³Ù÷á÷í»óÇÝ ÐÐ ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ÏáÕÙÇó ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåí³Í г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõÃÛ³Ý §È³í³·áõÛÝ áõë³ÝáÕ¦ ÙñóáõÛÃÇ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùÝ»ñÁ: ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý µÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ ÏáÕÙÇó ÙñóáõÛÃÇÝ Ý»ñϳ۳óí³Í »ñÏáõ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÁª ê»ÝÇÏ Ø³ïÇÝÛ³ÝÁ (ÁݹѳÝáõñ µÅßÏáõÃÛ³Ý ý³ÏáõÉï»ïÇ 4-ñ¹ Ïáõñë) ¨ ºÉ»Ý³ ê³ñ·ëÛ³ÝÁ (Ù³·Çëïñ³ïáõñ³ÛÇ 2-ñ¹ Ïáõñë), ·ñ³í»óÇÝ å³ïí³íáñ 1-ÇÝ ï»ÕÁª áñå»ë Ëñ³Ëáõë³Ýù ëï³Ý³Éáí ¹ñ³Ù³Ï³Ý å³ñ·¨: ÆëÏ Ù³·Çëïñ³ïáõñ³ÛÇ 1-ÇÝ ÏáõñëÇ áõë³ÝáÕáõÑÇ ²ÝÇ ºñ»ÙÛ³ÝÝ ³ñųݳó³í سÛñ ²Ãáé êáõñµ ¾çÙdzÍÝÇ §Ð³Ûñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý ÏñóÃáß³ÏǦ` áõëÙ³Ý í³ñÓÇ ³ÙµáÕç³Ï³Ý ÷áËѳïáõóٳٵ: Üß»Ýù, áñ ÙñóáõÛÃÝ ³Ýóϳóí»É ¿ »ñÏáõ ÷áõÉáí. ³é³çÇÝ ÷áõÉÁ Ý»ñµáõѳϳÝÝ ¿ñ, áñÝ ³Ýóϳóí»ó ´àõÐ-»ñÇ Ñ³ÝÓݳÅáÕáíÝ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó, ÇëÏ »ñÏñáñ¹ ÷áõÉÁª ÐÐ ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñÇ Ññ³Ù³Ýáí ëï»ÕÍí³Í ѳÝÓݳÅáÕáíÇ ÏáÕÙÇó: ØñóáõóÛÇÝ Ñ³ÝÓݳÅáÕáíÇ ÏáÕÙÇó

·Ý³Ñ³ïÙ³Ý ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý ã³÷³ÝÇß»ñ »Ý ѳݹÇë³ó»É ³é³ç³¹ÇÙáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ·Çï³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÁ, ѳë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ³ÏïÇíáõÃÛáõÝÁ, Ù³ëݳ·Çï³Ï³Ý Ó»éùµ»ñáõÙÝ»ñÁ: ÎÇñ³éí»É ¿ ·Ý³Ñ³ïÙ³Ý 3-Çó 10 Ùdzíáñ³Ýáó ë³Ý¹Õ³Ï: ØñóáõÛÃÇ Ñ³ÕÃáÕÝ»ñÁ áñáßí»É »Ý ѳí³ù³Í ³é³í»É³·áõÛÝ ·áõÙ³ñ³ÛÇÝ ÙdzíáñÝ»ñÇ ù³Ý³Ïáí, ÇëÏ Áëï áÉáñïÝ»ñÇ Ý»ñϳ۳óí³Í ûÏݳÍáõÝ»ñÇ Ñ³í³ë³ñ ÙdzíáñÝ»ñÇ ¹»åùáõ٠ѳÝÓݳÅáÕáíÝ ³é³çÝáñ¹í»É ¿ Ù»Ï áõëáõÙÝ³Ï³Ý ï³ñí³ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùÝ»ñÇ ÙÇçÇÝ áñ³Ï³Ï³Ý

غÜø ºðÎðàð¸Ü ºÜø àõñ³Ë »Ýù ï»Õ»Ï³óÝ»É, áñ ºñ¨³ÝÇ Ø. лñ³óáõ ³Ýí³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý µÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÁ ºñ¨³ÝÇ ù³Õ³ù³å»ï³ñ³ÝÇ ÏáÕÙÇó ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåí³Í ºñ¨³Ý ù³Õ³ùÇ ³Ù³ÝáñÛ³ Ó¨³íáñÙ³Ý ÙñóáõÛÃáõÙ §È³í³·áõÛÝ Ó¨³íáñí³Í áã ³é¨ïñ³ÛÇÝ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõݦ ³Ýí³Ý³Ï³ñ·áõÙ ½µ³Õ»óñ»É ¿ »ñÏñáñ¹ å³ïí³íáñ ï»ÕÁ: Üß»Ýù, áñ ³é³çÇÝ ï»ÕáõÙ ¿ ÐÐ ²½·³ÛÇÝ ÅáÕáíÁ, ÇëÏ É³í³·áõÛÝ »éÛ³ÏÁ »½ñ³÷³ÏáõÙ ¿ ÐÐ àëïÇϳÝáõÃÛ³Ý ÏñóѳٳÉÇñÇ ³Ï³¹»ÙdzÝ:

8 ²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞΠسñï 2015 N 3-4 (1314-1315)

·Ý³Ñ³ï³Ï³ÝÇ (Øà¶) ³é³í»É³·áõÛÝ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùÝ»ñáí` áõëÙ³Ý ³é³ç³¹ÇÙáõÃÛ³Ùµ: ØñóáõÛÃáõ٠ѳÕÃáÕ ¿ ׳ݳãí»É 38 áõë³ÝáÕ, ³Û¹ ÃíáõÙ` 1ÇÝ ï»Õª 14, 2-ñ¹ ï»Õª 12 ¨ 3-ñ¹ ï»Õª 12: êÇñáí ßÝáñѳíáñáõÙ »Ýù Ù»ñ É³í³·áõÛÝ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇݪ Ù³ÕûÉáí Ýáñ³Ýáñ ѳçáÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ¨ Ó»éùµ»ñáõÙÝ»ñ: ÜáõÛÝ ÑÕáõÙÝ»ñÁ ÑÝã»óÇÝ Ýñ³Ýó ѳëó»ÇÝ é»Ïïáñ³ïÇ ÝÇëïáõÙ, áñÇÝ Ññ³íÇñí³Í ¿ÇÝ ßÝáñѳÉÇ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÁ:

ºØ îºØäàõêÆ VERITAS Ìð²¶ðÆ ²Þʲî²Üø²ÚÆÜ ÐºðÂ²Î²Ü Ð²Ü¸ÆäàõØÀ

VERITAS

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ËÙµÇ Ý»ñëáõÙª 2 ¹ñ³Ù ¹»åÇ ìÇí³ë»É-Øîê-Ç ó³Ýóª 5 ¹ñ³Ù ¹»åÇ ÐÐ ³ÛÉ µçç³ÛÇÝ ó³Ýóª 10 ¹ñ³Ù ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇݪ 20 ¹ñ³Ù: ²Ùë³í׳ñª 500 ¹ñ³Ù: ÆÝï»ñÝ»ï Ï³åª 1 Ù/µÃª 30 ¹ñ³Ù: ²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞΠسñï 2015 N 3-4 (1314-1315)

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βܲÜò îàÜÆ ²èÆÂàì βî²ÎàõØ ºÜ îԲزð¸ÆΠسñïÇ 8-Ç ³é³íáïÛ³Ý ³ñÃݳݳÉáíª ÏÇÝÁ, »ñ³½Ïáï Ó·í»Éáí, ³ëáõÙ ¿ ³ÙáõëÝáõÝ. - ¶Çï»±ë ÇÝã Ññ³ß³ÉÇ »ñ³½ »Ù ï»ë»É: Ƶñ Ù³ñïÇ 8-Ç ³éÃÇí ¹áõ ÇÝÓ ÝíÇñáõÙ »ë ³¹³Ù³Ý¹» Ù³ï³ÝÇ: î»ëÝ»ë DZÝã ¿ Ý߳ݳÏáõÙ ³Ûë »ñ³½Á: - ºñ»ÏáÛ³Ý ÏÇٳݳë,- ËáñÑñ¹³íáñ Ååï³Éáíª ³ëáõÙ ¿ ³ÙáõëÇÝÁ: ÎÇÝÁ »ñ»ÏáÛ³Ý ½³ñ¹³ñáõÙ ¿ ïáÝ³Ï³Ý ë»Õ³ÝÁ, í³éáõÙ éáÙ³ÝïÇÏ ÙáÙ»ñÁ... ²ÙáõëÇÝÁ ·³ÉÇë ¿ ïáõÝ ¨ ÝáõÛÝ ËáñÑñ¹³íáñ ÅåÇïáí Ýñ³Ý Ù»ÏÝáõ٠ϳñÙÇñ ųå³í»Ýáí ÙÇ ·»Õ»óÇÏ ïáõ÷: ÎÇÝÝ ³Ýѳٵ»ñ µ³óáõÙ ¿ ïáõ÷Á, ÇëÏ ³ÛÝï»Õ Áݹ³Ù»ÝÁ ·Çñù ¿` §ºñ³½³Ñ³Ý¦:

´³ñ ¿ ÙïÝáõÙ ÙÇ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹, å³Ñ³ÝçáõÙ ¿ ׳߳óáõó³ÏÁ áõ ѳÝϳñÍ ëÏëáõÙ ³ÛÝï»Õ áñáß ¿ç»ñáõÙ ÇÝã-áñ µ³Ý»ñ çÝç»É: - ²Û¹ DZÝã »ù ³ÝáõÙ,- ѳñóÝáõÙ ¿ ½³ñÙ³ó³Í Ù³ïáõóáÕÁ… - æÝçáõÙ »Ù µáÉáñ ³ÛÝ áõï»ÉÇùÝ»ñÁ, áñáÝù 3 ¹áɳñÇó óÝÏ ³ñÅ»Ý: - ´³Ûó ÇÝãáõ±… - Ø»Ï ñáå»Çó ÏÇÝë ³Ûëï»Õ ¿ ·³Éáõ: - êÇñ»ÉÇë, ¹áõ ãùÝ³Õ »ëª ÇÝãå»ë ³Ûë ͳÕÇÏÝ»ñÁ: - ÆëÏ »ë Ùï³ÍáõÙ ¿Ç, áñ ãùÝ³Õ »Ùª ÇÝãå»ë áëÏ» ³å³ñ³Ýç³ÝÁ... - àã, ëÇñ»ÉÇë: ¸áõ ãùÝ³Õ »ë ³°Ûë ͳÕÇÏÝ»ñÇ å»ë:

- гÛñÇÏ, ÇëÏ ÇÝãáõ± ¿ Ù³ñïÇ 8-Á ûñ³óáõÛóáõ٠ϳñÙÇñ ·áõÛÝáí Ý»ñÏí³Í: - îÕ³ë, ¹³ Ù»ñ` ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ³ñÛ³Ý ·áõÛÝÝ ¿:

îÕ³Ù³ñ¹Á ÙïÝáõÙ ¿ ˳ÝáõÃ` Ù³ñïÇ 8-Ç ³éÃÇí Ýí»ñ ·Ý»Éáõ ѳٳñ: ì³×³éáÕáõÑáõÝ ËݹñáõÙ ¿ û·Ý»É ÁÝïñáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³ñóáõÙ: - Ò»±ñ ÏÝáç ѳٳñ, û± ³í»ÉÇ Ã³ÝÏ:

гݹÇåáõÙ »Ý »ñÏáõ ÁÝÏ»ñáõÑÇ. - ¸áõ ³ñ¹»Ý ÑÇÝ· ï³ñáõó ³í»ÉÇ ¿ Ýß³Ýí³Í »ë ³Û¹ ïÕ³ÛÇ Ñ»ï, ÇÝãáõ± ã»ë ³ÙáõëݳÝáõÙ: - ºë ã»Ù áõ½áõÙ ³ÙáõëݳݳÉ, »ñµ ݳ ËÙ³Í ¿, ݳ ¿É Çñ Ñ»ñÃÇÝ ¿ Ññ³Å³ñíáõÙ, »ñµ Éáõñç ¿ ÉÇÝáõÙ:

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- êÇñ»ÉÇë, »ë »ñ³½áõÙ »Ù, áñ ¹áõ ³ÛÝåÇëÇ ³ñï³ëáíáñ Ýí»ñ Ù³ïáõó»ë ÇÝÓ, áñ áõñ³ËáõÃÛáõÝÇó ѳ½Çí ϳñáճݳ٠³ë»É. §ì³áõ¯, È»ùëáõë¦: ØÇ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹ ³ÕçÇÏ ¿ ÷³ËóÝáõÙ: ²Õçϳ ï³Ý ÙáïÇó ï³ùëÇ ¿ í³ñÓáõÙ ¨ áõÕ¨áñíáõÙ »ñϳÃáõÕ³ÛÇÝ Ï³Û³ñ³Ý: ºñµ ï»Õ »Ý ѳëÝáõÙ, »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Á ó³ÝϳÝáõÙ ¿ í׳ñ»É ï³ùëáõ í³ñáñ¹ÇÝ: - гñϳíáñ ã¿,- ³ëáõÙ ¿ ï³ùëáõ í³ñáñ¹Á,- ³Õçϳ ѳÛñÁ ݳ˳å»ë í׳ñ»É ¿:

- ¸áõù ϳñá±Õ »ù ÁÝï³ÝÇù å³Ñ»É,- ѳñóÝáõÙ ¿ ѳÛñÁ Çñ ³Õçϳ Ó»éùÁ ËݹñáÕ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹ÇÝ: - ¸», ÇѳñÏ»: - ºë ß³ï áõñ³Ë »Ù: ´³Ûó Ç ÝϳïÇ áõÝ»ó»ù` Ù»Ýù 8 Ñá·Ç »Ýù:

- ²ë³ó»ù, Ëݹñ»Ù, ¹áõù å³ï³Ñ³µ³ñ ѳٳϳñ·ãÇ Ñáïáí ûͳݻÉÇù ãáõÝ»±ù, -í³×³éáÕáõÑáõÝ Ñ³ñóÝáõÙ ¿ ÙÇ ÏÇÝ: - ´³Ûó ÇÝãDZ ѳٳñ,- ½³ñÙ³ÝáõÙ ¿ í³×³éáÕÁ: - àõ½áõÙ »Ù ·áÝ» ³Û¹ Ï»ñå ³ÙáõëÝáõë áõß³¹ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ ·ñ³í»É:

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¸àÔ ¶Æîº±ê ¶Çï»±ë ͳ·»É »Ý ÉáõÛë»ñÝ ÇÙ »ñÏñÇ, ´³ó»É ÇÙ ËáñùÇ Ï³ñáïÝ»ñÁ ÷³Ï, ØßáõßÁ Ýáñ- Ýáñ ÇÕÓ»ñ Ï»ñÏÝÇ, ÎóÕÇ ó³íÝ ÇÙ Éáõë³Ù÷á÷Ç ï³Ï:

ØÆ ä ²Ð ØÇ å³Ñ ³Ù»Ý µ³Ý ϳñ× ¿, ÁݹѳïáõÝ, î³ñ»ó àõñ³ÝÇ ÏÛ³ÝùÝ ¿ ÁݹѳïíáõÙ Àݹ³Ù»ÝÁ Ù»Ï-»ñÏáõ í³ÛñÏÛ³ÝáõÙ. ²ëïí³Í, û ÙÇ ùÇã ÏÛ³Ýù ï³ÛÇñ Ù³ñ¹áõÝ:

¸àõ ÆÙ ½ëåí³Í ѻϻϳÝùÇ, ÆÙ ãÍÝí³Í ³ñóáõÝùÝ»ñÇ, ÆÙ ·³Ñ³í»Å ³Ýñç³ÝùÇ, ÆÙ ãëï³ó³Í ³ñóáõÝùÝ»ñÇ, ÆÙ ³Ýѳëï³ï, ³ÝáõÅ ç³ÝùÇ, ÆÙ ã÷áñí³Í ³ÏáõÝùÝ»ñÇ, Æ٠è³µ»Ï, Ñ»· ׳Ëñ³ÝùÇ, ÆÙ Ñáõë³µ»Ï ѳí³ï³ÙùÇ, ÆÙ ÃáõÛÉ ëñïÇ, ³Ùáõñ ϳÙùÇ Ð³ïáõóáõÙÁ ¹áõ »ë, ÇÙ ê»ñ...

ÆÙ Ëáëù»ñÁ ï»Õ ÏѳëÝ»Ý, »Ïáõ½ ÙÇ ùÇã Ë»Õ× áõ ûñÇ, »Ïáõ½ µ³óÝ ¿É ãÉñ³óÝ»Ý ÆÙ ãù³íáñ ëå³ëáõÙÝ»ñÇ... ÆÙ Ëáëù»ñÁ ï»Õ ÏѳëÝ»Ý, àñå»ë ¹áÕÝ ¿ Ù³ñÙÇÝ Ñ³ëÝáõÙ àõ µÛáõñ»ÕÛ³ Çñ Ù³ïÝ»ñáí à·áõ ÝÛ³ñ¹»ñÁ ó³í»óÝáõÙ: ºë ¹áÕ³Éáí ëå³ëáõÙ »Ù ¹»é, γÝó»Ý ųٻñ, ¹³ñ»ñ ϳÝóÝ»Ý, ÆÝã-áñ ¹áÕáí, ÇÝã-áñ ÙÇ ï»Õ, ÆÙ Ëáëù»ñÁ Ò»½ ÏѳëÝ»Ý...

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ØÇ å³Ñ ³ÛñáõÙ ¿ ËáëùÁ Ù»ñ É»½áõÝ, ÆëÏ ÉéáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿É Áݹí½áõÙ Ý»ñëáõÙ… ÈéáõÙ »Ýù, ËáëáõÙ, ÇÝãå»ë áñ ѳ½áõÙ. ²ëïí³Í, û ÙÇ ùÇã ϳÙù ï³ÛÇñ Ù³ñ¹áõÝ:

» ëÇñïë ÙÇ ûñ Ñáõ½ÙáõÝùÇó ׳ùÇ, ÂáÕ å³ÛÃÇ áã û Í»ñáõÏ Ùß³ÏÇ Ò»éùÇÝ ¹áÕ³óáÕ µ³Å³ÏÇ ÝÙ³Ý, ²ÛÉ ÇÝãå»ë ϳñÙÇñ ϻըÁ Ýé³Ý.

ØÇ å³Ñ áõ½áõÙ »Ýù í³ÛñÏÛ³ÝÁ Ù»éÝÇ, àñ ѳÝϳñÍ Å³ÙÁ ÝáñÇó ãÍÝíÇ, سÑÝ ¿É ãË»Õ¹Ç Ó³ÛÝÁ ÏáÏáñ¹áõÙ. ²ëïí³Í ÇÙ, ų٠ã¿, ¹³ñ ï³ÛÇñ Ù³ñ¹áõÝ:

» ÙÇ ûñ Ñá·Ý»Ý ÇÝÓ µ³ñ¨ ï³Éáõó, ÂáÕ Ñá·Ý»Ý ݳ¨ ³ñ¨ óջÉáõó, ÂáÕ Ññ³Å³ñí»Ý ¹»ñ»ñ ˳ճÉáõó, ºñÏáõ åÇݹ áïùáí ³Ýí»ñç ϳճÉáõó.

ØÇ å³Ñ áõ½áõÙ »Ýù »ñÏÇÝùÁ å³ïé»É, سÑí³Ý 㿪 ÏÛ³ÝùÇ ×³Ù÷³Ý»ñ ÷Ýïñ»É, ê³ÕÙáëÝ»ñ »ñ·»É ½ûñ, ·Çß»ñ ³ñÃáõÝ. ²ëïí³Í û ÙÇ ùÇã ë»ñ ï³ÛÇñ Ù³ñ¹áõÝ…

» ÙÇ ûñ ÑáõÛëÇë å³ß³ñÁ ѳïÝÇ, » ÏÛ³ÝùÝ ÇÙ ³åñ³Í ûñ»ñÁ í³ïÝÇ, ÂáÕ å³ñåí»Ù ÇÝãå»ë í³éá¹Á µáóÇ, ²ÛÉ áã û Ù³Õ³Í ³ÉÛáõñÁ ѳóÇ.

ØÇ å³Ñ áõ½áõÙ »Ýù ·áé³É áõ ɳó»É, Ü»ñëÇ Å³Ý·áïí³Í ÏáÕå»ùÁ µ³ó»É: γÛëñÇÝÁª ϳÛëñÇÝ, ²ëïÍáõÝÁª ²ëïÍáõÝ... ²ëïí³Í, û ÙÇ ùÇã Ë»Éù ï³ÛÇñ Ù³ñ¹áõÝ:

â¿, »ë ã»Ù Ñá·ÝáõÙ µ³é»ñ Ù³Õ»Éáõó, ²ÛÉ µ³é»ñÇ Ù»ç ½áõï Ù³Ýñ³Ý³Éáõó, ºë í³Ë»ÝáõÙ »Ù ù³ó³Ë ¹³éݳÉáõó, ºí áã û ·ÇÝáõ å»ë ¹³éݳݳÉáõó:

êä²êàõØ ºñç³ÝÏáõÃÛáõÝ, »ñµ ¹áõ ·³ë , ÆÙ å³ïáõѳÝÁ ù»½ ѳٳñ ´³ó ÏÉÇÝÇ, ²ãù»ñë ÷³Ï, »ñÏÇÝùÁ óó, ê»Õ³ÝÇÝ ¿É ÙÇ ùÇã ²Õ áõ ѳó ÏÉÇÝÇ: ºñç³ÝÏáõÃÛáõÝ, »ñµ ¹áõ ·³ë, ÆÝÓ Ùáï ѳ½³ñ ï³ñí³ ï³ÝçáÕ Ð³ñó ÏÉÇÝÇ. ºñç³ÝÏáõÃÛáõÝ, ùá ·³ÉáõëïÁ êå³ëáõÙÝ»ñÇë ¹ÇÙ³ó îñí³Í í³ñÓ ÏÉÇÝDZ:

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17-³ÙÛ³ ϳݳ¹³Ñ³Û ²Ýݳ öáÕѳñÛ³ÝÁ ѳÛïÝí»É ¿ áã ÙdzÛÝ Î³Ý³¹³ÛÇ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ Éñ³ïí³ÙÇçáóÝ»ñÇ áõß³¹ñáõÃÛ³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝáõÙ: ²ÝݳÝ, áí ëáíáñáõÙ ¿ ï»ÕÇ ³í³· ¹åñáóÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏáõÙ, ϳñáÕ³ó»É ¿ ¹Ç³ÉÇ½Ç Ýáñ ë³ñù ëï»ÕÍ»É, áñÁ ϳñáÕ ¿ ѳٳñí»É ѻճ÷áËáõÃÛáõÝ ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý áÉáñïáõÙ: î¨³Ï³Ý Å³Ù³Ý³Ï áõëáõÙݳëÇñ»Éáí ¹Ç³ÉÇ½Ç ë³ñù»ñÇ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ áõ ï»ËÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³·»óí³ÍáõÃÛáõÝÁª ²ÝÝ³Ý Ï³ñáÕ³ó»É ¿ ¹ñ³Ýó Ýáñ ݳ˳ïÇåÁ ëï»ÕÍ»É: ¸Ç³ÉÇ½Ç ë³ñù»ñÝ ³ñÅ»Ý Ùáï³íáñ³å»ë 30.000 ¹áɳñ:

²ÝݳÛÇ ëï»ÕÍ³Í ë³ñù³íáñáõÙÝ ³ñÅ» 500 ¹áɳñ: ²ÛÝ ³í»ÉÇ Ù³ïã»ÉÇ ¿, ѳñÙ³ñ³í»ï, ¨ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ³ÛÝ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý ·Ý»É ¨ û·ï³·áñÍ»É Ý³¨ ï³ÝÁ: ¸Ç³ÉǽÁ µÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ·áñÍÁÝóó ¿, áñÇ ÁÝóóùáõÙ Ù³ùñíáõÙ ¿ ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñÇ ³ñÛáõÝÁ: ¸Ç³ÉÇ½Ç »ÝóñÏíáõÙ »Ý ÑÇÙݳϳÝáõÙ ³ÛÝ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ, áíù»ñ áõÝ»Ý »ñÇϳÙÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï ϳåí³Í ËݹÇñÝ»ñ: ²Û¹ ·áñÍÁÝóóÁ å»ïù ¿ ÏÇñ³é»É ß³µ³Ã³Ï³Ý ÙÇ ù³ÝÇ ³Ý·³Ù: öáÕѳñÛ³ÝÁ ѳÛï³ñ³ñ»É ¿, áñ ݳ ó³ÝϳÝáõÙ ¿ Çñ ·Ûáõïáí ³í»ÉÇ ½³ñ·³óÝ»É ¹Ç³ÉÇ½Ç ·áñÍÁÝóóÁ, áñå»ë½Ç ³ÛÝ ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ ß³ï ó³íáï ãÇÝÇ: §¸Ç³ÉÇ½Ç ·áñÍÁÝóóÁ µ³í³Ï³Ý Ù»Í ¿Ý»ñ·Ç³ ¿ ËÉáõÙ ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñÇó: ¸Ç³ÉǽÇó Ñ»ïá Ýñ³Ýù ß³ï Ñá·Ý³Í ï»ëù »Ý áõÝ»ÝáõÙ: ²Ûë Ýáñ ë³ñùáí ÑÇí³Ý¹Á ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßïáõÃÛáõÝ ãáõÝÇ ß³µ³Ã³Ï³Ý »ñ»ù ³Ý·³Ù ·³É ÑÇí³Ý¹³Ýáó: Þ³ï»ñÁ ß³ñÅáõݳÏáõÃÛ³Ý ËݹÇñ áõÝ»Ý, ¨ ï³ÝÇó ÑÇí³Ý¹³Ýáó ׳ݳå³ñÑÁ ÏñÏݳÏÇ µ³ñ¹ ¿ Ýñ³Ýó ѳٳñ¦,- ³ë»É ¿ ²ÝÝ³Ý CBS Ñ»éáõëï³ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÛ³ÝÁ: Æñ ·ÛáõïÇ ëï»ÕÍÙ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ 17-³ÙÛ³ ²ÝÝ³Ý µ³í³Ï³Ý »ñϳñ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï áñå»ë ϳٳíáñ ³ß˳ï»É ¿ ï»ÕÇ ÑÇí³Ý¹³ÝáóÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏáõÙ, áõëáõÙݳëÇñ»É ¹Ç³ÉÇ½Ç »ÝóñÏíáÕ ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñÇÝ: ºñµ ݳ Áݹ·ñÏí»É ¿ ³í³· ¹åñáóÇ ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É Ý³Ë³·ÍáõÙ, ݳËÁÝïñ»É ¿ ³ß˳ï»É ÙÇ ·ÛáõïÇ áõÕÕáõÃÛ³Ùµ, áñÁ ϳñáÕ ¿ ÷áË»É ³éáÕç³å³Ñ³Ï³Ý ѳٳϳñ·Á ¨ Ñ»ßï³óÝ»É ³Û¹ ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñÇ ÏÛ³ÝùÁ: ²Ûë ·ÛáõïÁ ëï»ÕÍ»Éáõ ѳٳñ ³ÕçϳÝÇó å³Ñ³Ýçí»É ¿ 300 ųÙ: öáÕѳñÛ³ÝÁ ÑáõÛë ¿ ѳÛïÝ»É, áñ ÙÇ ûñ Çñ ·ÛáõïÁ ÏÇñ³é»ÉÇ ÏÉÇÝÇ ³ÙµáÕç ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ: §Ðݹϳëï³ÝáõÙ ¨ ä³ÏÇëï³ÝáõÙ µÝ³ÏíáÕ ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñÇ 10 ïáÏáëÁ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ ãáõÝÇ ·Ý³É ÑÇí³Ý¹³Ýáó ¨ ³Û¹ µáõÅáõÙÇó û·ïí»É: ¸³ Ýñ³Ýó ѳٳñ ѳë³Ý»ÉÇ ã¿¦,³ë»É ¿ ²ÝݳÝ: ²Ûë ·ÛáõïÇ ßÝáñÑÇí ²ÝÝ³Ý ß³Ñ»É ¿ Ùñó³Ý³Ï ¨ ÏñóÃáß³Ï: Hema-Quebec ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ýñ³Ý ³é³ç³ñÏ»É ¿ ³Ù³é³ÛÇÝ åñ³ÏïÇϳ, áñå»ë½Ç Çñ ·ÛáõïÝ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝÇ Çñ³Ï³Ý ÏÛ³ÝùáõÙ: §Ø³ñ¹ÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ïß³ÑÇ ³Ûë ë³ñù³íáñáõÙÇó, áñÁ ÃáõÛÉ Ïï³ Ýí³½»óÝ»É µÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Í³é³ÛáõÃÛ³Ý ·ÇÝÁ, µÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ·áñÍÁÝóóÝ»ñÁ: ÀݹѳÝáõñ ³éٳٵª ë³ Ññ³ß³ÉÇ Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝáõÃÛáõÝ ¿¦,-³ë»É ¿ Hema-Quebec ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÛ³Ý ÏÇñ³é³Ï³Ý ѻﳽáïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ïÝûñ»Ý ÈáõÇ ÂǵáÝ:

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²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞΠسñï 2015 N 3-4 (1314-1315)

§...¸»é ÷áùñáõó ëÇñ»É »Ù µÅßÏÇ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÁ: ²Û¹ áõÕÇÝ µéÝ»ÉÇëª áñ¨¿ Ù»ÏÁ ãÇ áõÕÕáñ¹»É ÇÝÓ: âÝ³Û³Í ³Ûë å³ÑÇÝ ³ß˳ïáõÙ »Ù áñå»ë ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µÅÇßÏ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ, Ç ëϽµ³Ý», »ñ³½»É »Ù ¹³éÝ³É ëñï³µ³Ý: ´³Ûó, »ñµ »Ï³í Ý»Õ Ù³ëݳ·Çï³óáõÙ ÁÝïñ»Éáõ å³ÑÁ, ÇÝã-ÇÝã å³ï׳éÝ»ñÇó »ÉÝ»Éáíª ÁÝïñ»óÇ ³Ûë áõÕÇÝ: ÐÇß»Éáí ³é³çÇÝ ÷áñÓëª ³Ù»Ý³ß³ïÁ ïå³íáñí»É ¿ ³é³çÇÝ ³ß˳ï³Ýù³ÛÇÝ ûñë: ºÏ»É ¿ñ ÙÇ å³åÇÏ, áõÙ »ÕáõÝ·Á å»ïù ¿ Ñ»é³óí»ñ: ܳ åݹáõÙ ¿ñ, áñ Ñ»Ýó »ë ³Ý»Ù ¹³ª ãÝ³Û³Í ÇÙ Ñáñ¹áñÝ»ñÇݪ ¹ÇÙ»É íÇñ³µáõÛÅÇÝ: ÀݹѳÝñ³å»ëª »ë í³Ë ¨ ³Ýíëï³ÑáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»ÝáõÙ »Ù áã û áñå»ë µÅÇßÏ, ³ÛÉ áñå»ë ³Ýѳï: ÆëÏ, ÁݹѳÝáõñ ³éٳٵ, »ë Ëǽ³Ë ³ÝÓݳíáñáõÃÛáõÝ »Ù: γñÍáõÙ »Ùª µÅÇßÏ ÉÇÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ ¹³ ϳñ¨áñ ѳïϳÝÇß ¿: ºÃ» ¹áõ í³Ë»Ý³ë, ¿É ÇÝãå»ë íëï³ÑáõÃÛáõÝ Ý»ñßÝã»ë ÑÇí³Ý¹ÇÝ: ¸»é áõë³ÝáÕ³Ï³Ý ï³ñÇÝ»ñÇÝ, »ñµ ·ÝáõÙ ¿ÇÝù åñ³ÏïÇϳÛÇ, »ë ϳݷÝáõÙ ¿Ç íÇñ³µáõÛÅÇ ÏáÕùÇÝ ¨ û·ÝáõÙ Ýñ³Ýª íëï³Ñ ¨ ³é³Ýó í³Ë»Ý³Éáõ: ê³Ï³ÛÝ å»ïù ¿ ÑÇß»É, áñ µáõÅáõÙÁ ³ÛÝåÇëÇ ÙÇ ·áñÍÁÝóó ¿, áñ 100 ïáÏáëáí ϳÝËáñáᯐ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùÝ»ñÁª ³ÝÑݳñ ¿: Úáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñ Ù³ñ¹áõ ûñ·³Ýǽ٠ÛáõñáíÇ ¿ ³ñÓ³·³ÝùáõÙ µáõÅÙ³ÝÁ: ºñµ»ÙÝ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý ÉÇÝ»É Ó³ËáÕÙ³Ý å³Ñ»ñ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ µÅßÏÇ ÏáãáõÙÝ ³ÛÝåÇëÇÝ ¿, áñ å³ñï³íáñ»óÝáõÙ ¿ ÙÇßï ½·áÝ áõ ëñï³ó³í ÉÇÝ»É, »ñµ»ù ãÁÝÏ×í»É áõ ³Û¹åÇëáí íëï³ÑáõÃÛáõÝ Ý»ñßÝã»É ÑÇí³Ý¹ÇÝ: γñ¨áñáõÙ »Ù µÅÇßÏ-ÑÇí³Ý¹ ѳñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ: ´ÅßÏÇ Ùáï»óáõÙÁ å»ïù ¿ ß³ï ×Çßï ¨ ï»ÕÇÝ ÉÇÝÇ: ºë ÉëáõÙ »Ù ÇÙ ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñÇ ·³Ý·³ïÝ»ñÁª ¨° ³éáÕçáõÃÛ³ÝÁ í»ñ³µ»ñáÕ, ¨° ³Ý·³Ù ³ÝÓݳϳÝ: Ø»Ýùª ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µÅÇßÏÝ»ñë, ³é³çÇÝ ûÕ³ÏÇ µÅÇßÏÝ»ñ »Ýù: ֳݳãáõÙ »Ýù Ù»ñ ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñÇÝ, Ýñ³Ýó ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñÁ, ·Çï»Ýù Ýñ³Ýó ųé³Ý·³Ï³Ý ¹ñë¨áñáõÙÝ»ñÁ: Ø»ñ ¹»åùáõÙ ¹Åí³ñÝ ³ÛÝ ¿, áñ ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñÇÝ ³Ýѳï³å»ë ׳ݳã»Éáíª Ýñ³Ýó Ñ»ï ѳí³ë³ñ ÏÇëáõÙ »Ýù ó³í»ñÝ áõ ¹Åí³ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ: ²Ûë ¹»åùáõÙ ¹Åí³ñ ¿ ë³éݳëÇñï ÙݳÉ, ãݳ۳Í, »ë ϳñáÕ³ÝáõÙ »Ù ջϳí³ñ»É ½·³óÙáõÝùÝ»ñë: Ø»ñª ³é³çÇÝ ûÕ³ÏÇ µÅÇßÏÝ»ñÇë ѳٳñ ß³ï ³í»ÉÇ ¹Åí³ñ³ÝáõÙ ¿ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÁ µ³í³ñ³ñ å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñ áõ µáõÅë³ñù³íáñáõÙÝ»ñ ãáõݻݳÉáõ å³ï׳éáí: Ðáõë³Ýù, áñ Ù»ñ ³éáÕç³å³Ñ³Ï³Ý ѳٳϳñ·áõÙ ßáõïáí ³Û¹ ËݹñÇÝ ¿É ÏïñíÇ ÉáõÍáõÙ: ÆÙ ³å³·³ ÏáÉ»·³Ý»ñÇÝ Ù³ÕÃáõÙ »Ù Ù³ëݳ·Çï³Ï³Ý ѳçáÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ: ¶áí»ÉÇ ¿ Ýñ³Ýó ÁÝïñáõÃÛáõÝÁ: ´ÅßÏÇ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ ³ÛÝåÇëÇÝ ¿, áñ »Ã» Ç ÍÝ» ã»Õ³í ³Û¹ ÏáãáõÙÁ Ù³ñ¹áõ Ù»ç, å»ïù ã¿ áõÕÕ³ÏÇ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝ ëï³Ý³Éáõ ѳٳñ ëáíáñ»É ³Ûݦ:

ºä´Ð ²ðî²ê²ÐزÜòÆ àõê²ÜàÔܺðÆ Ðàõ¼Æâ ºÈàõÚÂܺðÀ ö»ïñí³ñÇ 20-ÇÝ ¨ 21-ÇÝ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³Ý ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñ §ÐÇßáõÙ »Ù ¨ å³Ñ³ÝçáõÙ¦ Ëáñ³·ñáíª ÝíÇñí³Í Ù³Ûñ»ÝÇ É»½íÇ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñí³Ý ¨ гÛáó ó»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý 100-ñ¹ ï³ñ»ÉÇóÇÝ: ØÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÁ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñå»É ¿ÇÝ ÐÐ ë÷ÛáõéùÇ Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ºñ¨³ÝÇ ù³Õ³ù³å»ï³ñ³ÝÁ, ÐÐ ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ³½·³ÛÇÝ ³Ï³¹»ÙdzÝ: ÐÐ ¶²² ݳ˳·³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý ÝÇëï»ñÇ ¹³ÑÉÇ×áõ٠ϳ۳ó³Í ·Çï³ÅáÕáíáõÙ §Ø»Í »Õ»éÝÇ É»½í³Ï³Ý ÏáñáõëïÝ»ñÁ¦ ûٳÛáí ½»Ïáõóٳٵ »ÉáõÛà áõÝ»ó³í ºä´Ð ѳÛáó É»½íÇ ³ÙµÇáÝÇ í³ñÇã, ¹áó. Ð.ì.êáõùdzëÛ³ÝÁ: Æñ »ÉáõÛÃáõ٠ݳ ÑÇÙݳϳÝáõÙ ³Ý¹ñ³¹³ñÓ³í É»½í³Ï³Ý ÏáñáõëïÝ»ñÇ ÷áËѳïáõóÙ³Ý ¨ Ý»ñϳ Ó»éùµ»ñáõÙÝ»ñÇ Ñ³ñó»ñÇÝ: Ð.ì. êáõùdzëÛ³ÝÁ ϳñ¨áñ»ó ³Û¹ ÏáñáõëïÝ»ñÇ ÷³ñ³ïáõÙÝ áõ ÷áËѳïáõóáõÙÁ. §ÂáõñùÇ³Ý Ï³ñáÕ ¿ ÷áËѳïáõó»É ÙdzÛÝ ï³ñ³Íù áõ ÝÛáõÃ³Ï³Ý ÙÇçáóÝ»ñ, ÇëÏ Ñá·¨áñ ÏáñáõëïÝ»ñÁ ÙdzÛÝ Ù»Ýùª ѳۻñë, ϳñáÕ »Ýù ÷áËѳïáõó»É áõ í»ñ³Ï³Ý·Ý»É¦: ê÷ÛáõéùÁ É»½í³å³Ñå³ÝÙ³Ý ¨ ÏáñáõëïÝ»ñÇ ÷³ñ³ïÙ³Ý áõÕÕáõÃÛ³Ùµ ùÇã ç³Ýù ãÇ ·áñͳ¹ñ»É:

Ù³ëݳÏÇóÝ»ñÇÝ: Ü»ñϳݻñÇÝ á·¨áñ»ó ݳ¨ ûï³ñ»ñÏñ³óÇ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ ç»ñÙ³·ÇÝ í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÁ Ñ³Û ÅáÕáíñ¹ÇÝ ¨ ѳÛáó É»½íÇÝ: Üñ³Ýù Ëáëïáí³Ý»óÇÝ, áñ г۳ëï³ÝÁ Çñ»Ýó »ñÏñáñ¹ ïáõÝÝ ¿, ÇëÏ Ñ³Ûáó É»½áõÝ ëÇñáõÙ »Ý Çñ»Ýó

Ù³Ûñ»ÝÇ É»½íÇÝ Ñ³í³ë³ñ: Üñ³Ýó ÏáÕÙÇó ÑÝã»óñ³Í ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ÅáÕáíñ¹³Ï³Ý »ñ·Á ¨ Ð. ê³ÑÛ³ÝÇ §Ð³Û³ëï³Ý ³ë»ÉÇë…¦ µ³Ý³ëï»ÕÍáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³ï³ñáõÙÁ µáõéÝ Í³÷áÕçáõÛÝÝ»ñÇ ³ñųݳó³Ý: ÜáõÛÝ ûñÁ »ñ»ÏáÛ³Ý Ýñ³Ýó »ÉáõÛÃÁ ç»ñÙ ÁݹáõÝ»ÉáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñųݳó³í ²éÝá ´³µ³ç³ÝÛ³ÝÇ ³Ýí³Ý ýÇÉѳñÙáÝdzÛÇ ÷áùñ ¹³ÑÉÇ×Ç Ñ³Ý¹Çë³ï»ëÇ ÏáÕÙÇó: гçáñ¹ ûñÁ ú߳ϳÝáõÙ Ýñ³Ýù Ù³Ûñ»ÝÇ É»½íÇ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñí³ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÇ ßñç³Ý³ÏáõÙ Çñ»Ýó Ëáëùáí Ñáõ½»óÇÝ Ý»ñϳݻñÇÝ: ²ÛÝù³Ý ïå³íáñÇã ¿ñ Ýñ³Ýó »ÉáõÛÃÁ, áñ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÁ Éáõë³µ³ÝáÕ Éñ³·ñáÕÝ»ñÁ ÙÇÙÛ³Ýó Ñ»ñà ã¿ÇÝ ï³ÉÇë Ýñ³Ýó Ñ»ï ѳÕáñ¹³Ïóí»Éáõ ¨ Çñ»Ýó ÑdzóÙáõÝùÁ ѳÛïÝ»Éáõ: ØÇ³Å³Ù³Ý³Ï å»ïù ¿ Ýϳï»É, áñ ºÕ»éÝÇ å³ï׳éáí ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³Í É»½í³Ï³Ý ÏáñáõëïÝ»ñÁ ÷³ñ³ï»Éáõ ³éáõÙáí ²ñ¨»ÉÛ³Ý Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ å»ï³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ³éϳÛáõÃÛ³Ý å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñáõÙ Ó»éùµ»ñáõÙÝ»ñÁ Ù»Í ã»Ý »Õ»É: Æñ ½»ÏáõóÙ³Ý ³í³ñïÇÝ Ð.ì.êáõùdzëÛ³ÝÁ Ýß»ó, áñ µÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝáõÙ ëáíáñáõÙ »Ý µ³½Ù³ÃÇí ûï³ñ»ñÏñ³óÇÝ»ñª ÑݹÇÏ, å³ñëÇÏ, ³ñ³µ, áíù»ñ ѳÛáó É»½íÇ ³ÙµÇáÝáõÙ Ù³ëݳÏóáõÙ »Ý ѳÛáó É»½íÇ »ñϳÙÛ³ ¹³ëÁÝóóÇÝ: ¸³ë³ËáëÝ»ñÝ ³Û¹ ÁÝóóùáõÙ ³ÛÝù³Ý ·Çï»ÉÇù áõ ÑÙïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ »Ý ï³ÉÇë Ýñ³Ýó, áñ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÁ, ëÏë»Éáí ï³é³×³Ý³ãáõÃÛáõÝÇó, Ó»éù »Ý µ»ñáõÙ ·ñ³íáñ áõ µ³Ý³íáñ ѳÕáñ¹³ÏóÙ³Ý µ³í³ñ³ñ ÑÙïáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ ϳñáÕ³ÝáõÙ »Ý ѳÕáñ¹³Ïóí»É ³éûñÛ³ÛáõÙ áõ Ù³ëݳ·Çï³Ï³Ý ÏÉÇÝÇϳݻñáõÙ: Ð.ì.êáõùdzëÛ³ÝÁ Çñ ËáëùÁ ÷á˳Ýó»ó ûï³ñ»ñÏñ³óÇ ÙÇ ËáõÙµ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñǪ ¸»É³ñ³Ù ²Ýë³ñÇÝ, Ø»Ññ½³¹ Øáß»ÝÇåáõñÇÝ (ä³ñëϳëï³Ý), ܳ½ÇÑ ¸³Ñ¹³ÉÇÝ (êÇñdz), êáõñ»ß ÎñÇßݳÛÇÝ, ȳÏßÙÇåñÇÛ³ гïÇÏñÇßݳÛÇÝ, ²ÝÏÇï â³áõѳÝÇÝ, ØñÇÝ³É Î³Ý¹å³ÉÇÝ, ÞñÇ ì³Ç¹áõñÛ³ÛÇÝ(Ðݹϳëï³Ý), áíù»ñ ѳۻñ»Ýáí å³ïÙ»óÇÝ Çñ»Ýó ³éûñÛ³ÛÇ, ѳ۳ëï³ÝÛ³Ý ïå³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ, ç»ñÙ ¨ ѳñ³½³ï ½·³óáÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ: úï³ñ»ñÏñ³óÇ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÁ Ëáñ ó³íáí ѳñ·³ÝùÇ Ëáëù»ñ ³ë³óÇÝ ºÕ»éÝÇ ³ÝÙ»Õ ½áÑ»ñÇ ÑÇß³ï³ÏÇÝ: úï³ñÝ»ñÇ ßáõñûñÇó ѳۻñ»Ýáí ÑÝã³Í ëñï³éáõã ¨ ³ÝÏ»ÕÍ Ùïù»ñÁ ÙÇÝ㨠Ñá·áõ ËáñùÁ Ñáõ½»óÇÝ ·Çï³ÅáÕáíÇ

úï³ñ»ñÏñ³óÇ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÁ Çñ»Ýó ßÝáñѳϳÉáõÃÛáõÝÁ ѳÛïÝ»óÇÝ Ñ³Ûáó É»½íÇ ³ÙµÇáÝÇÝ, áñÁ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ ÁÝÓ»é»ó Çñ»Ýó ѳÕáñ¹³ÏÇóÁ ¨ Ù³ëݳÏÇóÁ ¹³éݳÉáõ Ñ³Û ÅáÕáíñ¹Ç ÝíÇñ³Ï³Ý ïáÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏÇݪ سÛñ»ÝÇ É»½íÇ ÷³é³µ³ÝÙ³Ý ïáÝÇÝ: Üñ³Ýù ³Ûó»É»óÇÝ ¨ ͳÕÇÏÝ»ñ ¹ñ»óÇÝ ë. Ø»ëñáå سßïáóÇ ßÇñÇÙÇÝ, Ç ÑÇß³ï³Ï ÑÇß³ñÅ³Ý ûñí³ª Ýϳñí»óÇÝ ³Ûµáõµ»Ý-˳ãù³ñ»ñÇ Ùáï ¨ Ýáñ³ÏáãÇÏ Ñ³Û ½ÇÝíáñÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï: úñÝ ³í³ñïí»ó ÑÇß³ñÅ³Ý ËáñÑñ¹áí. §Ð³Û áõ ÑݹÇÏ »Õµ³Ûñ³ÝáõÙ, ÁÝÏ»ñ ¹³éÝáõÙ ³éѳí»ï…¦,í»ñ³¹³ñÓÇ ×³Ý³å³ñÑÇÝ Ñá·Ý³Í, µ³Ûó Ñá·»å»ë µ³í³ñ³ñí³Í »ñ·áõÙ ¿ÇÝ ûï³ñ»ñÏñ³óÇ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÁ: ²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞΠسñï 2015 N 3-4 (1314-1315)

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March 2 1 JOHANN S EBASTIAN B ACH-3 3 30

1685 - 1750

March 1 THE FIRST DAY OF SPRING

A magnificent classical composer, Johann Sebastian Bach is revered through the ages for his work's musical complexities and stylistic innovations. Musically, Bach was a master at invoking and maintaining different emotions. He used counterpoint, the playing of multiple melodies simultaneously, and fugue, the repetition of a melody with slight variations, to create richly detailed compositions. He is considered to be the best composer of the Baroque era, and one of the most important figures in classical music in general.

March 2 2

WORLD W ATER D AY March 2 3

INTERNATIONAL M ETEOROLOGY DAY The first facts about weather were present long time ago. Since 17-18th centuries they've recorded everyday information about weather . And after the invention of Barometer some experiments were made for weather predictions according to the changes of atmosphere pressure. In 1872 the International Meteorological organization was founded. World Theatre Day is the creation of the International Theatre Institute . It is celebrated annually on the 27th March by ITI Centres and the international theatre community. Various national and international theatre events are organized to mark this occasion. One of the most important of these is the circulation of the World Theatre Day International Message through which at the invitation of ITI, a figure of world stature shares his or her reflections on the theme of Theatre and a Culture of Peace. The first World Theatre Day International Message was written by Jean Cocteau (France) in 1962.

International World Water Day is held annually on 22 March as a means of focusing attention on the importance of freshwater and advocating for the sustainable management of freshwater resources. An international day to celebrate freshwater was recommended at the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED). The United Nations General Assembly responded by designating 22 March 1993 as the first World Water Day. Each year, World Water Day highlights a specific aspect of freshwater.

The history of the Armenian Real Theatre begins at about 70 B.C. According to Plutarch, the first historically known theatre in Armenia was built during the reign of Tigran the Great. In Dikranagert he opened a great public theatre in 69 B.C., fourteen years before Pompey's first public theatre in Rome. Tigran's son, Artavazd II, wrote several Greek tragedies, orations, and historical commentaries which survived until the second century A.D. Artavazd built the second permanent public theatre of Armenia in the old capital of Artashat. The tragedies of Euripides and the comedies of Menander were regularly produced there. He is considered the first Armenian playwright and director of Classical Armenian Theatre. Plutarch mentions that the Bacchae of Euripides, directed by Artavazd, was presented there in 53 B.C.

The theatre award ceremony is held every year in Armenia. The winners are awarded with the prize “Artavazd�.

March 2 7

WORLD T HEATRE D AY

YSMU S TUDENTS A RE A MONG T HE W INNERS OF " BEST S TUDENT" C OMPETITION The results of the "Best Student" competition organized by the RA Ministry of Education and Science were concluded today. The two students of the Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Senik Matinyan, 4th year, General Medicine Faculty, and Yelena Sargsyan, 2nd year of Master's, took the honorable first place and as encouragement, they received monetary award. And Ani Yeremyan, 1st year Master's, was awarded with "Pastoral Scholarship" by the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin according to which her tuition fee is fully reimbursed. Worth mentioning that the competition has been conducted in two phases: the first phase was conducted within the university by the HEIs' committees, and the second phase was conducted upon the decree to establish a committee by the RA Ministry of Education and Science. The main criteria of evaluation by the competition committee are the progress, scientific works, public activity, professional achievements; evaluation scale of 3-10 units has been applied. The winners of the competition have been decided

RA Minister of Education and Science Armen Ashotyan and YSMU Rector, professor Michael Narimanyan with the winners.

according to the number of highest points, and in case of equal results of candidates presented according to the fields, the commission will be guided by the highest results of annual qualification mark, i.e. the education progress. We warmly extend our congratulations to our best students wishing them new achievements and success.

YSMU ONE OF THE IMPORTERS OF INNOVATIVE EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM IN ARMENIA The opening ceremony of the electronic library took place in YSMU which was attended by the RA Education and Science Minister Armen Ashotyan. After the ceremonial opening the Minister with the HEI's management went round the hall, got acquainted with the works implemented and the procedure of computer examinations: the newly opened hall is also foreseen for those activities. "Today we see that YSMU is one of the importers of innovative educational technologies in the RA higher education system. This electronic auditorium of around 100 seats will give the opportunity to implement two main goals: firstly it is an opportunity for students to enlarge the entrance of educational base, secondly it gives opportunity to pass examinations on computer: this gives the chance to almost minimize the communication with a lecturer, which in its turn decreases corruption risks and increases the objectiveness of evaluation", as was mentioned by the RA Education and Science Minister. He added that the circumstance of using auditorium in the learning process is of importance. "This is not only an exami-

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nation hall, this is also educational technology which gives the students the chance to discover their strong and weak points", said Armen Ashotyan. As Michael Narimanyan, YSMU Rector, informed, the newly opened auditorium will serve two goals: to improve the quality of educational process and to promote the effectiveness and objectiveness of examination process: "Since the current generation works with computers easier, we have computerized the examination process.

²ä²¶² ´ÄÆÞΠسñï 2015 N 3-4 (1314-1315)

Computer scripts will be created for students to make the examination process more interesting and effective", Michael Narimanyan said. He also considered of importance the fact that the electronic library functioning in the library involves 1 mln informative units of international literature the database of which is in Armenian language. Worth mentioning that the hall is the second one in YSMU, and it is already one year that YSMU has another hall with electronic library.

The P rominent D octor a nd Scientist E mil G abrielyan

The special issue of the project “Doctor by Mission” initiated by RA Minister of Health Armen Mouradyan, was dedicated to the famous doctor-scientist, academician Emil Gabrielyan. The event dedicated to well-known doctor-scientist, professional healthcare organizer, state and public figure, academician Emil Gabrielyan, was held in Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi. The event was well attended by the HEI's professors and lecturers with presidency of YSMU Rector Michael Narimanyan, RA Health Minister Armen Mouradyan, deputy ministers of RA Health Ministry, famous representatives of the field, writer-publicist Zori Balayan, composer Robert Amirkhanyan and other guests. Tatev srbazan opened the event with pontifical blessings, after the speech of RA Health Minister Armen Mouradyan followed. "We are united by a person who was not only gifted by his organizational skills, but also could sow patriotism among us". I would like to introduce you the decree adopted by the Government 10 days ago according to which the Scientific Center of Drugs and Medical Technology is from now on called after Emil Gabrielyan. There is also a very nice initiative by the Gabrielyan family around which we have all gathered. The initiative is to create a fund which will have annual award to the best health organizer, best medical student will receive scholarship, and the best medical institution will receive a prize carrying its name". On behalf of Gabrielyan family Karine Gabrielyan, the daughter of academician Emil Gabrielyan, who is a well-known ophthalmologist in the USA, expressed her gratitude. "They say a person is a alive up the time when she lives in others' hearts, and when I see this hall full of people, I would like

to say that my father Emil Gabrielyan is alive today". This was followed by "Komitas" quartet performance. Professors Eduard Tadevosyan, Simeon Hakhumyan and writer-publicist shared their memories about their friend. At the end of the event a documentary film "Life as a Glow" was screened which was dedicated to Emil Gabrielyan's activities.

1 7 -yy e a r -o old Armenian Girl has Made a Revolutionary Invention

We are one of the nations in the world which has the largest diaspora all over the world. Wherever Armenians have been, besides thriving other countries they proved with their knowledge and creations that they are in the rows of

clever people, thinkers, creators, arrangers. Today one of them is much spoken about all over the world making them feel happy and proud. 17 year-old Armenian girl living in Canada has appeared in the centre of attention of public and press. Anna who studies at local high school has invented a new device for dialysis which can be revolutionary in the health sphere. The devices of dialysis cost 30.000 dollars. Anna's invented device costs 500 dollars. It is cheap, effective, suitable to use and people can buy it and use it at homes. Dialysis is a medical procedure during which patient's blood is being cleaned. Basically patients undergo dialysis when they have problems connected with kidney .Anna declared that she wanted to create the device for dialysis which will make the process less painful for patients. "With this new

device a patient doesn't have to go to hospital 3 times a week. The majority of patients have mobility problems and the way from home to hospital is very difficult for them"- said CBS company. To make her invention she worked as a volunteer at the local hospital for a long time , examined the procedure of dialysis and observed the patients. It took her 300 hours to invent it. Anna Poghharyan hopes that one day her invention will be used all over the world. Due to this invention she gained a prize and scholarship. Hema- Quebec company suggested her a summer practice to realize her invention in real life." Humanity will benefit from this device which can decrease prices of medical service and procedures. “ In general it is a wonderful initiative. "- said the head of the applicable researches of HemaQuebec company Louis Tibon.

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ON THE WAY TO THE CENTENNIAL OF THE ARMENIAN GENOCIDE In 1915, leaders of the Turkish government set in motion a plan to expel and massacre Armenians living in the Ottoman Empire. Though reports vary, most sources agree that there were about 2 million Armenians in the Ottoman Empire at the time of the massacre. By the early 1920s, when the massacres and deportations finally ended, some 1.5 million of Turkey's Armenians were dead, with many more forcibly removed from the country. Today, most historians call this event a genocide-a premeditated and systematic campaign to exterminate an entire people. However, the Turkish government does not acknowledge the enormity or scope of these events. Despite pressure from Armenians and social justice advocates throughout the world, it is still illegal in Turkey to talk about what happened to Armenians during this era. The Armenian people have made their home in the Caucasus region of Eurasia for some 3,000 years. For some of that time, the kingdom of Armenia was an independent entity-at the beginning of the 4th century AD, for instance, it became the first nation in the world to make Christianity its official religion-but for the most part, control of the region shifted from one empire to another. During the 15th century, Armenia was absorbed into the mighty Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman rulers, like most of their subjects, were Muslim. They permitted religious minorities like the Armenians to maintain some autonomy, but they also subjected Armenians, who they viewed as "infidels," to unequal and unjust treatment. Christians had to pay higher taxes than Muslims, for example, and they had very few political and legal rights. In spite of these obstacles, the Armenian community thrived under Ottoman rule. They tended to be better educated and wealthier than their Turkish neighbors, who in turn tended to resent their success. This resentment was compounded by suspicions that the Christian Armenians would be more loyal to Christian governments (that of the Russians, for example, who shared an unstable border with Turkey) than they were to the Ottoman caliphate. These suspicions grew more acute as the Ottoman Empire crumbled. At the end of the 19th century, the despotic Turkish Sultan Abdul Hamid II-obsessed with loyalty above all, and infuriated by the nascent Armenian campaign to win basic civil rights-declared that he would solve the "Armenian question" once and for all. "I will soon settle those Armenians," he told a reporter in 1890. "I will give them a box on the ear which will make them‌relinquish their revolutionary ambitions." In 1908, a new government came to

power in Turkey. A group of reformers who called themselves the "Young Turks" overthrew Sultan Abdul Hamid and established a more modern constitutional government. At first, the Armenians were hopeful that they would have an equal place in this new state, but they soon learned that what the nationalistic Young Turks wanted most of all was to "Turkify" the empire. According to this way of thinking, non-Turks-and especially Christian non-Turks-were a grave threat to the new state. On April 24, 1915, the Armenian genocide began. That day, the Turkish government arrested and executed several hundred Armenian intellectuals. After that, ordinary Armenians were turned out of their homes and sent on death marches through the Mesopotamian desert without food or water. Frequently, the marchers were stripped naked and forced to walk under the scorching sun until they dropped dead. People who stopped to rest were shot. At the same time, the Young Turks created a "Special Organization," which in turn organized "killing squads" or "butcher battalions" to carry out, as one officer put it, "the liquidation of the Christian elements." These killing squads were often made up of murderers and other ex-convicts. They drowned people in rivers, threw them off cliffs, crucified them and burned them alive. In short order, the Turkish countryside was littered with Armenian corpses.

Records show that during this "Turkification"campaign government squads also kidnapped children, converted them to Islam and gave them to Turkish families. In some places, they raped women and forced them to join Turkish "harems" or serve as slaves. Muslim families moved into the homes of deported Armenians and seized their property. In 1922, when the genocide was over, there were just 388,000 Armenians remaining in the Ottoman Empire. After the Ottomans surrendered in 1918, the leaders of the Young Turks fled to Germany, which promised not to prosecute them for the genocide. (However, a group of Armenian nationalists devised a plan, known as Operation Nemesis, to track down and assassinate the leaders of the genocide.) Ever since then, the Turkish government has denied that a genocide took place. The Armenians were an enemy force, they argue, and their slaughter was a necessary war measure. Today, Turkey is an important ally of the U.S. and other Western nations, and so their governments have likewise been reluctant to condemn the long-ago killings. In March 2010, a U.S. Congressional panel at last voted to recognize the genocide. American news outlets have been reluctant to use the word "genocide" to describe Turkey's crimes. The phrase "Armenian genocide" did not appear in the New York Times until 2004.

MARCH 8 OUR CONGRATULATIONS DEAR WOMEN! International Women's Day is celebrated in many countries around the world. It is a day when women are recognized for their achievements without regard to divisions, whether national, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, economic or political. International Women's Day first emerged from the activities of labour movements at the turn of the twentieth century in North America and across Europe and in our country as well. Since those early years, International Women's Day has assumed a new global dimension for women in developed and developing countries alike. The growing international women's movement, which has been strengthened by four global United Nations women's conferences, has helped make the commemoration a rallying point to build support for women's rights and participation in the political and economic arenas. International Women's Day is a time to reflect on progress made, to call for change and to celebrate acts of courage and determination by ordinary women who have played an extraordinary role in the history of their countries and communities. This year's theme, "Empowering Women - Empowering Humanity: Picture It!" envisions a world where each woman and girl can exercise her choices, such as participating in politics, getting an education, having an income, and living in societies free from violence and discrimination. In 2015, International Women's Day will highlight the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, a historic roadmap signed by 189 governments 20 years ago that sets the agenda for realizing women's rights. While there have been many achievements since then, many serious gaps remain. This is the time to uphold women's achievements, recognize challenges, and focus greater attention on women's rights and gender equality to mobilize all people to do their part.

ARMENIA

Spring by its colors and freshness fills our hearts and souls with new hopes, warmth and great expectations of life. Spring makes us feel happy also with its holidays and victories. One of the most beautiful holidays is one which is celebrated in March, the international day of women. This day is especially expected by girls and women who look forward to this holiday impatiently. The holiday has a long history. This beautiful holiday has been celebrated for a century now but it was born as a challenge for the protection of women rights. Still at the beginning of 20th century women could gain this success due to strong will and purposefulness. In Armenia the 8th of March is officially celebrated since 1921. But in Armenia women enjoy not only the international day of women but also a whole holiday month till the 7th of April as the month of glorification of women and beauty. In the West, International Women's Day was first observed as a popular event after 1977 when the United Nations General Assembly invited member states to proclaim March 8 as the UN Day for Women's Rights and International Peace. Armenia observed the holiday both in the Soviet period and in the early years of independence. In 1996, the day was annulled; it was replaced by April 7, which was celerbated as a Day of Maternity and Beauty.

Woman is the companion of man, gifted with equal mental capacity... If by strength is meant moral power, then woman is immeasurably man's superior... If non-vviolence is the law of our being, the future is with women... Mahatma Gandhi

IRAN

INDIA

The first celebration of 8th March in Iran, in 1922, took place in Rasht [North of Iran] organised by "the Society of Women's Prosperity Herald" . However, there is no other record of further events being held by this society. A Few years later records show that celebrations took place publicly in 1928 organised by the "Organisation for Women's Awakening" [sazeman-e bidariy-e zanan]. Since then, there are no records of public events commemorating 8th March. However, this event was celebrated secretly and in private in the homes of some of the elite women. The year 2000 was a turning point in the celebration of International Women's Day and the open activities of women. In this year, Noushin Ahmadi Khorasani invited a group of women to openly and publicly celebrate 8th March. To the surprise of the organisers, more than a 1000 people attended, and the widespread news of the event grabbed the attention of society. The 8th March is when Iranian women - encouraged and appreciated by the International community on one hand and under internal threats and pressures on the other hand - celebrate this great day. Happy International Women's Day to these passionate hard working women and their internation sisters!

The concept of celebrating Mothers Day on the second Sunday of May is very new in India and it can be said that in a time span of less than a decade, Mothers Day has been a great success. In the presence of umpteenth number of existing festivals, it is a remarkable achievement for a foreign festival to make its presence felt in the vast and culturally diverse country like India. Globalisation, to a great extent has helped to make this Western, or mainly American festival to make its presence felt in India. Besides interaction of Indians with the West is at an all time high. A lot many people have been in US or have their relatives staying there. Internet and satellite revolution has made information about other cultures more accessible than ever. But the reason behind the success of Mothers Day in India can be attributed to the emotions which are attached to the festival. Mothers are mothers everywhere, they are as much loved and respected in India as in any other part of the world. Perhaps Indians have always felt the need of such a day which is devoted solely to mothers. Mothers Day gives them all the opportunity to celebrate such a day.

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