INDUSTRIAL BUILDING DESIGN

UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Sector 16 C, Dwarka, New Delhi- 110078

ARCHITECTURAL THESIS 2017-18

INDUSTRIAL BUILDING DESIGN

ANUSHKA SAXENA 03290701614 Fourth Year 2017-2018

GUIDE Prof. Renuka Awatramani Prof. Sanchit Jain

UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Sector 16 C, Dwarka, New Delhi- 110078

APPROVAL CERTIFICATE Thesis title: INDUSTRIAL BUILDING DESIGN The following study is here by approved as a creditable work on the approved subject, carried out and presented in a manner sufficiently satisfactory to warrant its acceptance as a pre-requisite for the Bachelor of Architecture program.

It is to be understood that by this approval, the undersigned does not necessarily endorse or approve any statement made, opinion expressed or conclusion drawn therein, but approves the study for the purpose for which it is submitted.

Date: May 10th , 2018 Submitted by: (ANUSHKA SAXENA) (03290701614) 2017-2018

Signature of the Author

Guide (Prof. Renuka Awatramani) Guide (Prof. Sanchit Jain)

Signature of the Guide

Signature of the Guide

Prof. Rajat Ray Thesis Co-ordinator Rekha Bhaskaran Thesis Co-ordinator UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Sector 16 C, Dwarka, New Delhi- 110078

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Thesis title: INDUSTRIAL BUILDING DESIGN

I wish to express my sincere thanks to Prof. Rajat Ray, Dean USAP, for providing me with all the necessary facilities for the research.

I place on record, my sincere gratitude to Prof. Rekha Bhaskaran, Thesis Co-coordinator for the continuous encouragement.

I am also grateful to Prof. Renuka Awatramani and Prof. Sanchit Jain. I am thankful to them for sharing expertise, valuable guidance and encouragement extended to me.

I take this opportunity to express gratitude to all of my teachers for their help and support.

Date: May 10th , 2018

UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Sector 16 C, Dwarka, New Delhi- 110078

ABSTRACT Thesis title: INDUSTRIAL BUILDING DESIGN Industrial building design is based on developing a built environment for secondary sector activities which is based on undefined building typology. The client would do his

inventions and ask for a certain built form according to the space requirements of functions that would lead to a productive manufacturing of his invention.

The hard work for production needs a work-oriented environment which is also economical and sustainable. The built construction should be environment friendly that avoids widespread of pollution.

There is a requirement for good recreational spaces to aid a peaceful mindset for working people in midst of constructing different and new products.

The built environment should be made healthy and accommodate adequate services and ventilation. Skylights are a very observed architectural elements of industrial building design since the space requirements are huge and it's difficult for light to enter through openings hence Trusses as roofing is very suitable and customizable.

Separate zone for power and tanks have to be provided.

Transportation is a challenge to be encountered with a strong priority as it has to be less congested, more productive and environment friendly.

Globalization is an important factor for positioning industrial sites.

Entrepreneurship and industries build on each other together.

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION BUISNESS APPROACH AND CONCEPT AREA STATEMENT CONCEPT SITE

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

INTRODUCTION : What is industrial building design?

To develop a built environment based on an undefined building typology.

The structure functions on the business programming of the managing engineers. The area brief depends on the maximum and minimum space requirements per function unit.

Aim/Objectives : The aim for designing the archetype is to 1. Derive a definition to a multifunctional manufacturing unit.

2. Resolve the required sub-units.

3. Compute acceptable capacity of spaces on the basis of work cycles and work environment.

Industry: Industry, a group of productive enterprises or organizations that produce or supply goods, services, or sources of income. In economics, industries are customarily classified as primary, secondary, and tertiary; secondary industries are further classified as heavy and light.

Secondary Industry This sector, also called manufacturing industry, (1) takes the raw materials supplied by primary industries and processes them into consumer goods, or (2) further processes goods that other secondary industries have transformed into products, or (3) builds capital goods used to manufacture consumer and non consumer goods. Secondary industry also includes energy-producing industries (e.g., hydroelectric industries) as well as the construction industry.

Secondary industry may be divided into heavy, or large-scale, and light, or small-scale, industry. Large-scale industry generally requires heavy capital investment in plants and machinery, serves a large and diverse market including other manufacturing industries, has a complex industrial organization and frequently a skilled specialized labour force, and generates a large volume of output. Examples would include petroleum refining, steel and iron manufacturing, motor vehicle and heavy

machinery manufacture, cement production, nonferrous metal refining, meat-packing, and hydroelectric power generation.

Light, or small-scale, industry may be characterized by the no durability of manufactured products and a smaller capital investment in plants and equipment, and it may involve nonstandard products, such as customized or craft work. The labour force may be either low skilled, as in textile work and clothing manufacture, food processing, and plastics manufacture, or highly skilled, as in electronics and computer hardware manufacture, precision instrument manufacture, gemstone cutting, and craft work.

Industrial Building Archetype Designed to house industrial operations and provide the necessary conditi ons for workers and the operation of industrial equipment.

The modern revolution in science and technology, with its constant progre ss in the construction of industrial buildings andimproved construction tec hnology, has resulted in an increase in the number of enterprises that do n ot pollute theenvironment. As a result, a new type of urban development, known as the industrial-residential area, has emerged.

Contrasting in scale, appearance, and silhouette with standarddesign ho using, industrial buildings become importantarchitectural highlights in urba n development.

Aesthetically, the quality of industrial buildings can be improved by distinc tive interior design, sensible proportioninganddivision of enclosed areas, and harmoni ous choice of structural elements.

Industrial buildings have an enormousand often negativeimpact on natur al and architectural landscapes; and industrialregions often become alie nated from the natural environment. One task of industrial architecture is t hus maximumpreservation of the natural landscape and harmonious intro duction of new industrial buildings into the landscape.

The integration of industrial buildings is one of the most efficient means of r educing the estimated costs of constructing them.

In largescale construction, most multistory industrial buildings have three t o six floors and ceiling loads of 5to10 kN/m2.When land area is limited, industrial buildings may have ten or more stories.

Modern multistory buildings usually have columnnetworks of 6 m × 6 m, 9 m × 6 m, or 12 m × 6 m, and there is a tendency to use even more extend ed networks. The totalwidth of multistory industrial buildings is usually 36–48 m.

In multistory buildings designed for processes with strictrequirements for air purity and temperature and humidity stability, technical floors are constru cted for engineering equipmentand supply lines; the supply lines may be l ocated within the trusses of intermediate floors.

There is a tendency tomakegreater use of multistory industrial buildings in i ndustrial construction because of the need to economize on urban sites and lands suitable for agricultural use. widespreadstandardization of design may serve as the basis for a transitio n to totalprefabricated construction of industrial buildings from structures and elements manufactured in factoryconstruction combines.

Modern construction is characterized by a tendencyto minimize the weig ht of structural members in order to reduce consumption of materials and the cost of construction andinstallation. In line with this, the reinforcedcon crete structural members used in industrialbuildings are being improvedthr ough the use of high-strength concrete and concrete with light-weight ag gregates.

Metal structures are being improvedthrough the use of highstrength steel and aluminum alloys and thinwalled rolled and bent sections. Improveme nt of metalstructures is also related to the introduction of prestressed meta l structures and the construction of light-weight industrialbuilding systems t hat make use of thin sheetcovered surfaces.

SITE CONTEXT Bahadurgarh is a developing town near the outskirts of the capital city, Delhi. The town is rich with agricultural activities. There are several institutions present in its direct vicinity. Religious activities are followed in Hindu temples present in various corners of the town.

MIE is an industrial hub joint with Delhi-Rohtak corridor. There is diverse variety of industrial work in this area To motivate the growth of institutional strength, if good job opportunities are provided along with aid to globalization; the town would boost up and all the agriculture activities and small to medium scale industries can be brought together to boon the growth of our nation.

If a large scale industry is introduced which is energy efficient and produces low pollution; it can bring in people together in a healthy business relationship and can cast good income to existing culture and bring in outsiders which would lead to more development.

Business Approach And Concept

Client brief is tabulated on the basis of functions of the works to be delivered by the client with benefit of built environment to be provided by the architect.

Purchaser brief is tabulated on the basis of all plausible outcomes of works that the client wants to deliver.

Categories of zones are formulated on the basis of the proposed work environment and area requirements are derived.

Area Statement PURCHASER BRIEF

CLIENT BRIEF

PROJECT BRIEF

BUISNESS CONCEPT Let’s start it from a client’s point of view —If someone wants to start up a restaurant of their own they would either want to set up a franchise unit or have their own brand name. which needs : o Kitchen Equipments/Machinery o Special processed ingredients o Other standard supplies The plan is to have all in one together and have specific kitchen machinery to produce excluding kitchen stations (which comes under furniture rather than equipment). Few ingredient production along with packaging.

THE NARRATIVE

How I want visitors to experience the built environment.

Psychological impact : The visitor should be conscious about the restaurant business and should realize cooking and baking as an art process. The visitor must feel tranquil as he engages himself in the work environment.

Sociological impact : The visitors should understand what entrepreneurship is and should enjoy the how the products are being produced. The space should promote healthy interaction taking in care of private and public spaces.

CASE STUDY To understand how to produce the built scheme : A. Preliminary case study : Saxons Electronics pvt. ltd. ,UdyogVihar B. Secondary case study :Parle G factory , Bahdurgarh C. Secondary case study: Gurpreet Engineer Works, Roorkee , Amritsar

BUILT

SAXONS ELECTRONICS

FUNCTIONS

Printing Lab

TIME OFFICE

2-5 months planning

Raw material testing

WORK CYCLE

Product type and number of pieces planning Raw material work

Mixing

Moulding

Machinery

Manufacturing

Workshop

Packing

Packaging

Dispatch

Truck Parking Generator Rooms PARLE G FACTORY

Admin Workshops Power and Tanks Auditorium Packaging Canteen

3 month planning

Raw material QC check Issue Mixing Dough preparation Moulding

Congregational spaces

Baking Cooling Packaging Dispatch

GURPREET ENGINEER WORKS

Raw material testing Machinery Workshop Packaging

2 month planning

Product type and number of pieces planning Raw material work Manufacturing Packing Dispatch

SITE Site :Bahadurgarh, Haryana Bahadurgarh is a developing town near the outskirts of the capital city, Delhi. The town is rich with agricultural activities. There are several institutions present in its direct vicinity. Religious activities are followed in Hindu temples present in various corners of the town.

MIE is an industrial hub joint with Delhi-Rohtak corridor. There is diverse variety of industrial work in this area.

There is no issue with civic amenities for the living population. Hospital, police station, government offices (such as Haryana urban development office) are well placed and well operated.

The population here is very comfortable and wouldn't want to shift to the capital in search of better living. In fact few institutions here are so budding that students from the capital city are coming to study here.

Bahadurgarh town is an important Industrial town wherein Haryana Government has developed about 200 Hectares of land for Industrial purpose. Besides other big Industrial units such as Hindustan National Glass Company, Hindustan Sanitary Wares, Surya Roshni, Somany Pilkington, Parley Biscuits and Swastika Pipe etc are its main Industrial Units existing here on the land privately purchased by them.

Why to place it in Bahadurgarh ?

To motivate the growth of institutional strength, if good job opportunities are provided along with aid to globalization; the town would boost up and all the agriculture activities and small to medium scale industries can be brought together to boon the growth of our nation.

If a large scale industry is introduced which is energy efficient and produces low pollution; it can bring in people together in a healthy business relationship and can cast good income to existing culture and bring in outsiders which would lead to more development.

SITE AREA : 67462m2

1 Acre = 4046.8 m2

16.67 Acres

1 hectare = 10,000 m2 = 2.471 acres

6.75 Hectare

Haryana Urban Development Authority( Erection of Buildings) Regulations, 1979, which besides other design / Structural requirements, specify the proportion of the site which may be covered with building, F.A.R., Max. height etc.

In the case of industrial types of buildings.

Maximum permissible coverage on ground

Maximum permissible floor area ratio

60 percent of area of the site 125 per cent

CLIMATIC CONSIDERATIONS : Bahadurgarh

Understanding wind speed and it's direction :

Maximum height of the industrial building 21 meters

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT ZONING AND SPATIAL ORGANISATION

Spatial Organisation

RADIAL Workshop

CLUSTERED Administration

GRID Parking

CENTRALISED Laboratory

Interactive World

Residential Power and Tanks Canteen Packaging Utility

Radial form A composition of linear forms extending outwards from a central form in a radial manner.

Clustered form A collection of forms grouped together by proximity or sharing of similar visual trait Grid form A set of modular forms regulated in a three dimensional grid.

Form can be inspired by an existing entity as in the case bird nest inspired by a nest and lotus temple inspired by a flower.

Centralized form A number of secondary forms clustered around a dominant central parent form

BUILDING EXPRESSION Circulation and Design Principles Axis Axis guides how form can be arranged in a symmetrical or balanced order.

Symmetry Symmetry creates harmony between two equivalent forms and spaces.

Rhythm Unifying movement of repetitive space and form allocates the symphony between public and private spaces/forms.

Datum A datum is performed to organize spaces/form along a line/plane or volume.

Transformation An architectural entity can be altered by manipulations with specific context without changing the initial identity and concept.

Circulation Each realm has a main circulation space, which opens up directly from the entrance to the realm.

The entrances to any realm open directly off the circulation space of the next larger realm.

ZONING PLAN

References : Form, Space and Order by D.K. Ching Pattern Language, Christopher Alexander U.S.A.P study material Soviet Encylopedia