Escape- A Healing Sanctuary, Kasol

Escape: A Healing Sanctuary Bachelor of Architecture I Graduation Studio 2016-2017

ANURAG SONAR University of Mumbai, India

ESCAPE: A HEALING SANCTUARY GRADUATION STUDIO. YEAR 5 SEM 10. 2016/17 Location: Kasol, North India Individual Work Supervisor: Ar. Sanket Mhatre (des.)

Mail Id: sank.mhatre@gmail.com

Ar. Parikshit Waghdhare (tech.) parikshit.waghdhare@ies.edu

The modern way of living of most of the Indians involves 4080 hours a week of stressful work, unhealthy conditions, poor eating habits and health problems due to their lifestyle. Oblivious and accustom to the toxins that we put in our bodies and our buildings we have lost our connection to the environment and our health. In turn, humans live in constant state of stress, stress on the body and mind, stress put on the natural environment.

There is a need of a Sanctuary; where one can go to relieve stress and help heal the mind and the body.This Sanctuary is a terminus of relaxation, meditation & health. By exploring the meaning of the Sanctuary in a non religious context and thinking of architecture as medium for healing, this place becomes an Escape from the stressful environment that surrounds us, and a place to gain new perspective on daily problems of life.

01

RUDIMENTS OF HEALING

HEALING TRIAD

NATURAL

The design strategy for thesis is based on Peter Zumthor’s experiential model in which the experience is created by space.

PHYSICAL

Water

Material

Light

Colour

Landscape

experience

space

experience

Lefebvre+Pallasma model

A healing sanctuary, in its true sense emphasizing on ‘healing’, is a getaway ‘place’ for one to restore soundness and mind and body. It becomes a place where body and mind repairs itself aided by natural process.

Vision

Hearing

Touch

Taste

India: Himachal Pradesh

Peter Zumthor’s model

1. Architecture born from site: local materials PSYCHOLOGICAL

FIRST IMPRESSIONS

SITE

CASE STUDY INFERENCES DESIGN MODEL

Himachal Pradesh: kullu

Smell

SENSORY DESIGN

Touch, smell and taste provide information in the immediate spaces around us, whereas vision and hearing are capable of representing objects or events from greater distances.The senses will be used as a design tool to connect the body psychologically to a space through the use of memomry stimuli. it is through the use of both, physical and psychological, that a healing experience can be achieved.

Wood

Stone

Water

2. Creating relation with the space: sound, scale & light

Kullu: Kasol

Location

Context Plan

SITE

Section A-A’ Sound

Scale

Island between Parvati river

State Highway

Views

Views & Paths

Light The goal is to accentuating certain senses in certain spaces, NOT sensory overload.

Hotel

Vegetation & Edges

3. Creating relationship with water: unique each time

see/ how does this space look? how does the space feel?

/ hear

smell/ how does this space smell? taste/ how does this space taste?

touch/ how does the space feel?

Local techniques of construction

4. Conflict of Human body with materials: tactility

1. Foundation: Stone 2. Wall: Stone & Timber (Ground) 3. Slab: Timber 4. Flooring: Timber or stone 5. Roofing: Slate stone

NEED OF SENSE.ABLE DESIGN APPROACH Sensory theory has established a progression of human experience that begins with the sense/ stimulus: the senses connects to memory, memory is linked to perception, which then influences one’s ability to understand and experience space and being. By looking at phenomenology in this light, it provides an opportunity for the architect to engage with the progression of creating healing atmosphere through sensory medium

Locally Available Materials Section: Kath kuni technique

Wood

Quartzite

Slate

River silt

02

PROGRAM DERIVATION

Healing Spaces 21.67%

Circulation 16.67%

Restaurant 5.5%

Services 7%

Equipments 10.16%

Private Healing Spaces 16.67%

Hot spring bathing 13.67%

20. Private healing spaces Observatory Tower 3%

Other Activities 5.66%

DESIGN GUIDELINES

19. Semi private healing space 1. Restriction of the built form

5. Minimising ground coverage

2. Designing around trees

3. Designing 25m away from river edge

6. Renewable source of energy

4. Creating natural buffer for privacy

7. Passive heating methods

8. Enhancing the river edge

14. Steel & Cable bridge

SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS

Windmill to generate electricity

Biogas Plant to generate cooking gas

Recycling & reusing water for flushing & landscape

Sewage treatment plant to recycle waste 10. Interpretation Center

Visitors Centre Observatory Tower

CROSS SECTION A-A’

Yoga Deck

Viewing Deck Bridge

Parvati River

Physical healing space

Private healing spcae

1 Site Entry 2 Vehicular Road 12m wide 3 Administration 4 Parking for bus (6 Nos) 5 Parking for cars (34 Nos) 6 Parking for bikes 7 Parking for golf carts 8 Observatory Tower 9 Dense plantations of Apple trees 10 Visitor’s Centre and Restaurant 11 Viewing Deck 12 Camp Site 13 Adventure Deck 14 Storage 15 Hot Water Spring 16 Bridge 4m wide 17 Yoga Deck 18 Reflection Pond 19 Semi-private Healing Spaces 20 Private Healing Spaces 21 Tree Deck 22 Reading Deck

HEALING SANCTUARY: MASTER PLAN

03

OBSERVATORY TOWER

PLAN @ENTRY LEVEL

PLAN @INTERNAL DECK LVL

OFF THE GRID SERVICES

PLAN @UPPER DECK LVL

1. Electricity generation through Solar Concentrators. 15kW/day of electricity is generated for almost 8 months of the year.

The structural concept defined the tower’s visual appearance –a laconic, quadrilateral and elongated tower with stretched elements and randomly distributed balconies which end with a dynamic observation “cage”.

+31.80m

+27.80m

+24.80m

+21.80m

2. Steam from the Hot water spring is collected and through steam trapper is converted into Electricity. Further the hot water can be reused for radiant heating system

+17.80m

+14.80m

3. The services from northern part of the Sanctuary is carried over the river through the castellated beams from below the bridge. The sewage pipes, water supply pipes & electrical cables are carried to the southern end.

+11.80m

Balluster 75mm dia Steel Beam ISMB 150mm with deck slab

+7.80m

4. Feeder Pillar’s are used as signages for the Sanctuary during Night time.

Steel Stanchion ISMB 250c connected with gusset plate 19mm thk

+4.80m

Steel Beam ISMB 150mm Steel shanchion cladded with timber 12mm thk Steel stanchion ISMB 250mm

+1.80m

Diagonal bracing with steel cables RCC Isolated foundation

SIDE ELEVATION

SECTION A-A’

5. Services chambers are provided for maintenace purpose below the service road

04

INTERPRETATION / VISITOR’S CENTRE

ROOF FORM EXPLORATION

3. Massing model to understand the proportion

2. Timber & Steel folded roof

A pavilion type structure is designed which facilitates as a visitor’s centre for the tourists. It includes a display arena which provides information of Parvati Valley and its natural features.

DETAILS

The restaurant has indoor as well as outdoor seating facility, so that the tourists can enjoy the view of the parvati river.

A. RIDGE DETAIL

B. END DETAIL

Nomenclature A. Building Structure B. Damp Control Course C. Insulation Layer D. Ventilated Cavity E. Timber Boarding F. Standing seam bay/clips

1. Trying origami form to achieve the roof profile Conceptual Diagrams

C. GUTTER DETAIL

A

CONCEPT 9 11 Mountain profile

Built Form

Natural support

17

5

B

12

The idea is to create a design that has minimal impact on the nature. The roof is carefully designed considering the mountain profile available on site. The proportion of the built form is kept small so as to magnify the importance of naturre over human built form, The columns are designed as slender trees, thus making the roof floating.

8

7

6

13

B’

14

10 4

3

15

16

2 18 1

A’

1. Pedestrian Entrance 2. Centre Atrium 3. Ticketing Counter 4. Back Office 5. Souvenier/Concessions shop 6. Interpretation Centre 7. Parvati Valley Model 8. Display Screen 9. Viewing Deck 10. Restaurant Indoor seating 11. Outdoor Seating 12. Serving Counter 13. Kitchen 14. Dry Storage 15. Storage 16. Loading Unloading area & Back entry 17. Service Duct 18. Washrooms

INTERPRETATION CENTRE & RESTAURANT PLAN

+7.60m

A

C

B Steel roof framing

+3.60m

Stanchion 400mm dia Steel beam ISMB 150 finished in timber Insulation glass 12mm thk

+0.60m

CROSS SECTION A-A’

Steel framed deck finished in wood

LONGITUDINAL SECTION B-B’

05

PHYSICAL & PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALING SPACES PROGRAM DERIVATION

The program for the Healing therapy is based on HUMAN BODY SYSTEMS. A carefully derived program incorporates the advantages of the hot water from the springs and its prowess to heal human body in many possible ways.

MORPHOLOGY

FORM DEVELOPMENT

HOLISTIC HEALING

The idea to create a space amidst and around the mountains came through the ancient healing spaces called ‘CAVE’. The cave offers a dynamic closure but at the same time it creates a dialogue with the outside world with smal punctures. The whole form is developed from a piece of a large rock.

Light represents natural healing, water represents physical healing and architecture using stone represents psychological healing.

ANCIENT

FUNCTIONAL

LIGHT

WATER

STONE

RELEVANCE OF WATER

SITING: Locating the site with minimum slope and trees.

1. INTRODUCTION Section of a cave

Section of a more functional & usable space

Water is introduced in a cave like structure in relation with stone and light.

2. EXPLORATION

Water with different mediums and spaces is explored by the user. The water spaces of varying depths are designed.

Circulatory System

Nervous System

Respiratory System

Turkish Bath 30mins

Cold Bath 5-10mins

Ama Releasing Abhyanga 90-120mins

Aroma Bath 10-15mins

Ayurvedic Journey 120mins Bathing 10mins In hot water

Sound Bath 10-15mins Hot Stone Massage 120mins

Digestive System

Skeletal & Muscular System

Inhalation Chamber 5-10mins

Himalayan Herb Massage 120mins

Aromatherapy 60-90mins Controls the nutrient flow of the body

Water Massage 30mins

Drinking Hot water One meal a day

Planof a cave

DAYLIGHT STRATEGY

Plan of a revised bathing space

Orthopaedic Massage 120mins

EXTRUDING PROBABLE MASS:

The massing is done w.r.t the height of the trees limiting it to the start of the foliage i.e. 4.5 to 6 m from ground surface.

3. IMMERSION TO ESCAPE

The act of immersion in the external bathing pool is considered to the act of escape.

CONCEPTUAL DRAWINGS

Series of sketches explaining the idea of scale, openings and emptiness

EXPANSION - COMPRESSION - EXPANSION

1. RELATIONSHIP OF SKIN VS MATERIALS Conflict of skin with respect to various materials creating a healing atmosphere.

Medicinal Bath 10mins

INSERTION OF MASS: The mass is further

Bath ELEMENTSFireCREATING FORM

Mountain, stone, water – building in the stone, building with stone, into the mountain, building out of the mountain, being inside the mountain – how can the implications and the sensuality in the association of these words be interpreted, architecturally?

INITIAL ZONING WITH RESPECT TO EXPERIENCE

2. EXPANSION CONTRACTION

inserted inside the mountain to achieve the desired experience.

VS

Effect of series of healing spaces on the human body

1

The material and the environment are the immediate factors contributing the form.

SKYLIGHT: The skylights on the top of the structure provides ambient daylight throughout the day.

RE-ORIENTING THE SPCAES W.R.T EXPERIENCES

SUBSTRACTION: The portion of the mass is

substracted where trees were available and the mass took form along the trees creating small breathing spaces.

2

CREATING OPENINGS & COURTYARDS

3

DIAGRAM: Elements deriving form

LIGHTWELL: Courtyards providing natural light.

3. SEASONAL USE OF BATHING SPACES

FENESTRATION: The achieved form is now opened up to the desired views and creates exploration of different views.

06

PHYSICAL & PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALING SPACES

EXPERIENCE OF SPACES

A’

A

1. EXTERIOR TO INTERIOR The journey starts with movement of a body from exterior to interior to more enclosed space. This results due to lack of natural light, thus channelizing other senses.

VIEW: TRANSITION PASSAGE

2. CLEANSING RITUAL The user is prescribed a set of therapies based on their history and body type. The user then proceeds to cleansing ritual.

6. TRANSITION PASSAGE Compression to expansion of a body.

B’

B

C’

C

7. SWEAT CHAMBER The body expands and perspires leading the body to cool down.

3. RELEVANCE OF WATER-STONELIGHT The user is lead to the hallway where he is introduced to the hot water and the relationship with stone and light is created.

8. IMMERSION-ESCAPE & RELAX The act of immersion in hot water spring is considered as an ESCAPE for the user. The user can further engulf into number of body massages developed from ancient therepies.

4. EXPLORATION OF WATER The user needs to take an Ice bath which directly strikes the nervous system and channelizes the senses. The ice bath is followed

by Nasal bath in which the user experiences various aromas and channelizes the sense of smell.

5. EXPLORATION OF WATER

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

The user is taken through a series of bathing spaces and the experience each time is different. Sound bath channelizes hearing sense, medicinal bath channelizes sense of taste. Fire bath helps expansion of the body.

NORTH

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

1 On Call Duty Doctor Room/ Reception 2 Waiting Lounge 3 Costume Pick Up Point 4 Storage Room and Counter 5 Men’s Makeup Rooms 6 Men’s Changing Rooms 7 Women’s Changing Rooms 8 Women’s Makeup Rooms 9 Men’s Shower and WC 10 Women’s Shower and WC 11 Hallway Towards Compression Chamber 12 Introduction to Water 13 Panel Room 14 Cold Bath - 14 C 15 Composed Sound and Art Shower 16 Aroma Bath - 24 C 17 Sound Bath - 31 C 18 Medical Bath - 33 C 19 Fire Bath - 42 C 20 Sweat Chamber/ Turkish Bath for Men 21 Sweat Chamber/ Turkish Bath for Women 22 Inhalation Chamber for Men 23 Inhalation Chamber for Women 24 Private Hot Spring Pool for Men 42 C 25 Private Hot Spring Pool for Women 42 C 26 Common Indoor Hot Spring Pool 42C 27 Sunbath Deck 28 Common Outdoor Hot Spring Pool 42C 29 Hot Stone Massage Room 30 Hydrotherapy Room 31 Water Massage Pool 32 Aroma Therapy 33 Himalayan Herb Body Ritual 34 Resting Area 35 Ayurvedic Journey 36 Ama Releasing Abhyanga 37 Face and Body Stressbounder

07

SECTIONS & ELEVATIONS

SKYLIGHT 12MM THK RCC Wall 300 mm thk Shims

B

Drilled anchor Wooden frame 35mm

WOODEN ROOF WITH SKYLIGHT OPENING

Stainless steel bent plate

Window insulation 50mm

Filled with sealant

RCC Wall 300mm thk

Slate stone 25 mm thk

Cladding gap 12.5mm Slate stone cladding 25mm

DETAIL AT B: SLATE STONE DRY CLADDING

DETAIL AT A: SLATE STONE DRY CLADDING

RELAXING AREA DETAILED PLAN WITH QUARTZITE TILING LAYOUT

Single layer Glass

RAFTER & PURLIN GRID Soil 100mm

TIMBER TRUSS

Insulation RP Foam 100mm

STUD & BATTEN GRID

RCC Slab 300mm thk

DETAIL: ROOF SKYLIGHT

INSULATION GLASS 12MM THK

Quartzite stone floor 50mm

Quartzite Aluminum stone Flashing cladding Mineral filter 25mm 100mm dia Nahni trap Waterproofing coat Drainage 25mm pipe

Lawn 50mm

WEST SIDE ELEVATION

A

Single layer window 12mm

WOODEN FRAME 65 X 65MM

Radiant heating pipe Waterproofing coat 25mm RCC Slab 150mm

DETAIL: FLOOR RADIANT HEATING SYSTEM

Timber Column 250 x 150mm

Timber beam 125 x 75mm

Tie Rod in Mild Steel

WOODEN WALL 12MM THK QUARTZITE STONE FLOORING 25MM THK

Top connecting plate (Steel)

Hinge in steel

Bolt joint on timber member

Bolting joint on Timber member

C-Chanel in steel 25mm thk

Connecting Base plate in steel 25mm thk

Steel anchoring in RCC Slab

Connector plate

RCC BEAM GRID

Timber column 250 x 150mm

Quartzite stone flooring 25mm thk

RCC Beam 300 x 600mm

DETAIL: WOOD TO STEEL CONNECTION

DETAIL: WOOD TO RCC SLAB CONNECTION

RCC COLUMN 300 X 300MM Slate Stone cladding 25mm thk

SECTION A-A’

Window frame with Aluminum flashing

Slate Stone cladding 25mm thk

RP Foam Insulation

RCC Slab 150mm thk

RCC RETAINING WALL 300MM THK

Insulation glass 5mm thk

DETAIL: CLADDING AND WINDOW INSULATION Waterproofing joint RCC Retaining Wall 300 mm thk 20mm dia Main R/F 150mm thk brick walla RCC Slab 150mm thk

RCC RAFT 300MM THK

RCC Slab 300mm thk Up-stand beam 300 x 600mm

EXPLODED VIEW: STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

Sump 300 x 500mm

SECTION DETAIL: UPSTAND BEAM RAFT FOUNDATION

Following is the exploded structural view of the Expansion Chamber. The Raft Foundation caters to the water load and earth load. It also provides resistance during earthquakes.

Waterproofing joint RCC Retaining Wall 300 mm thk 20mm dia Main R/F

SECTION B-B’

150mm thk brick wall RCC Slab 150mm thk RCC Slab 300mm thk Down-stand beam 300 x 600mm

SECTION DETAIL: DOWNSTAND BEAM RAFT FOUNDATION

C’

B’

Sump 300 x 500mm

A’ RCC Retaining Wall 300 mm thk RCC Column 300 x 300mm thk

Stone Wall 150mm thk Tie Beam 300 x 600mm

C

SECTION C-C’

B

A

EAST SIDE ELEVATION

STRUCTURAL LAYOUT: CENTERLINE PLAN

08

PRIVATE HEALING SPACES

UNIT TYPE 1 SINGLE/DOUBLE OCCUPANCY 20sq.m

DESIGN STRATEGIES

1. Vernacular Form

VIEWS

2. Reducing the foot-print

3. Passive Heating

4. Exploring Views

1 Unit of Living space + 1/2 Unit of utility

Unit with combined function

Providing slope for snow

5. Thermal Insulation

FORM EVOLUTION

7

3

4

A

A’ 2

Basic Vernacular Unit for 2 families

Seperation of the unit

1

Formation of Individual Unit

2

Raising Units on stilts to reduce footprint

1

5

6

3 UNIT TYPE 1

MORPHOLOGY 1. Retaining the existing Site Conditions 2. Siting the structure around the natural elements 3. Extending the structure beyond the edge conditions 4. Creating openings in the structure for panoromic view 5. Adding fenestrations & providing slope to cater weather and snow load

NORTH

4

5

MODULES SECTION A-A’

Sleeping area module with option of single and double occupancy

UNIT 1- FLOOR PLAN 1. Access through bridge 2. Vestibule area 3. Washroom 4. Bathing area 5. Living/Sleeping area 6. Viewing Balcony 7. Servicing Duct

Bathing Area module with small showering area or bath tub

CONCEPTUAL DIAGRAM

WEST SIDE ELEVATION

NORTH SIDE ELEVATION

EAST SIDE ELEVATION

SOUTH SIDE ELEVATION

ELEVATE EXTEND EXPLORE

UNIT TYPE 2

09

UNIT TYPE 2

EXPLODED VIEW: STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

DOUBLE/TRIPLE OCCUPANCY 30sq.m

2 living space + 1 utility space module

1. Access through bridge 2. Living area 3. Sleeping area 4. Viewing area 5. Eating area 6. Cooking area 7. Vestibule 8. Washroom 9. Bathing area

Unit with combined function

Providing slope for snow

REFLECTION POND

SLATE ROOF WITH WATERPROOFING MEMBRANE

TIMBER BEAM GRID

C’ CONCEPTUAL DRAWING

TIMBER STUD AND BATTEN GRID

1 B’

B

8 9

6

5

2

3

4

TREATED TIMBER FOR EXTERNAL CLADDING 12MM THK

SHEEPWOOL THERMAL INSULATION 75MM THK

PLAN

The Pool of Reflection is a niche offset from the main river wherein water from the river collects and “pauses” to form a pool. This pause point has been symbolically adopted into the experience of the healing centre and represents a reflective “pause” in the journey. The stillness of the pool contrasted by the continuous flow of the river is representative of the past, the present and the future. The metaphorical past flows into the stillness of the contemplative present. It is here that we gather our thoughts together and ponder over things that have occurred to us before and we are ready once more to join the flow of the river towards a more insightful future.

TIMBER FRAME 45X45MM Painted Steel frame

7

Laminated 12mm glass Silicon Painted perimeter Structural Silicon

4

DPM Steel member

UNIT 2- FLOOR PLAN

Timber beam 50x100 mm

INTERNAL TIMBER PANELING 12MM THK

C

INSULATION GLASS 12MM THK

DETAIL AT B

B

SECTION A-A’

NORTH QUARTZITE STONE FLOORING

WOODEN BEAM FRAMING WITH INSULATION

STEEL BEAM 150MM X 100MM

WEST SIDE ELEVATION

SOUTH SIDE ELEVATION

STEEL COLUMN 250MM X 175MM SS CABLE DIAGONAL BRACING

RCC ISOLATED FOOTING

MATERIALS

EAST SIDE ELEVATION

NORTH SIDE ELEVATION

Deodar and Pine Wood for internal & external cladding Slate Stone roofing 25mm thk Sheep Wool Insulation 25mm thk Roof Gutter Timber beam 50x100mm Nut Bolting Internal timber paneling 25mm thk Insulated Glass window 12mm thk

SECTION B-B’

SECTION C-C’

DETAIL: CLADDING & ROOF GUTTER

METHODOLOGY

Galvanized Steel Structural framing

Slate Stone roofing

The construction of each private healing unit will be prefabricated on a flat surface where the vehicles can reach.

Further the foundation pad will be constructed manually, with the help of skilled labour.

The fabricated unit will be then placed on site using a helicopter or crane depending upon the distance from the nearest flat surface.

Wooden Flooring Screeding Insulation Timber Joist 50x100mm Nut bolting Steel Beam 150x100mm Steel Column 250x175mm Welding Joint SS Cable diagonal bracing

It is at this place that we get to soak in the entire experience of the health centre with a calm and mindful disposition. This is also where we nurture thoughts of returning back to the tranquillity of this place.

This place encapsulates the essence of the entire centre as the main objective of it is to offer a rejuvenating experience from a well-designed “pause”.

DETAIL: STEEL COLUMN & BEAM JUNCTION

10