Issuu

June 2014

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Kingdom / Reino

Plantae

Phylum / Filo

Magnoliophyta

Class / Classe

Magnoliopsida

Magnoçiopsida

Order / Ordem

Fabales

Family / Familia:

Fabaceae

Genus / Género

Acacia

Acacia longifólia Andrew Willd

Acacia longifólia Andrews Willd

Acacia-of-leaves-long

Acácia de folhas grandes

Species / Espécie Common name/Nome vulgar

Species origin / Origem da espécie Australia / Austrália

(General foto) Caption

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução For ornamental purposes and for erosion control, especially in coastal dunes. / Para fins ornamentais e para controlo de erosão, principalmente em dunas costeiras.

Distribution / Distribuição Trás-os-Montes, Minho, Douro Litoral, Beira Litoral, Estremadura, Ribatejo, Alto Alentejo, Baixo Alentejo, Madeira e Porto Santo.

Species description / Descrição da espécie Plant with perennial leaves, oblong-lanceolate; 2-4 with longitudinal ribs. The flowers, which bloom from December to April are of bright yellow gathered in axillary spikes and the fruits are cylindrical pods, contorted at maturity; seeds with short, whitish cord. / Planta com folhas perenes, reduzidas a filódios laminares, oblongo-lanceolados; com 2-4 nervuras longitudinais. As flores, que florescem de dezembro a abril têm a cor de amarelo-vivo reunidas em espigas axilares e os frutos são vagens cilíndricas, contorcidas na maturação; sementes com funículo curto, esbranquiçado.

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução

(detailled photo) Caption

It forms very dense stands preventing the development of native vegetation, decreasing the flow of water lines. It produces a lot of phyllo rich in nitrogen, and promotes change in the composition and soil microbiology. High costs in applying control measures. / Forma povoamentos muito densos impedindo o desenvolvimento da vegetação nativa, diminuindo o fluxo das linhas de água. Produz muita folhada rica em azoto, e promove a alteração da composição e da microbiologia do solo. Custos elevados na aplicação de medidas de controlo.

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Kingdom / Reino

Plantae

Phylum / Filo

Magnoliophyta

Class / Classe

Magnoliopsida

Order / Ordem

Fabales

Family / Familia:

Fabaceae

Genus / Género

Acacia

Species / Espécie

Acacia dealbata

Common name/Nome vulgar

Mimosa

Species origin / Origem da espécie Mimosa-http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Mimosa_-_Le_Muy.jpg

Austrália / Austrália

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução Intencional/Intencional

Distribution / Distribuição Norte/North

Species description / Descrição da espécie Em orlas de povoamentos florestais, pinhais e matagais. Coloniza muito eficazmente áreas perturbadas e percorridas por incêndios, formando densos povoamentos monospecíficos. Espécie com grande amplitude ecológica, aparece em dunas, margens de cursos de água, vertentes com elevada exposição, bermas e taludes. Em locais perturbados. Por vezes cultivada como ornamental. It develops on edges of forest stands, pine forests and thickets. It colonizes very effectively disturbed areas and covered by fires, forming dense monospecific stands. It is a species with wide ecological amplitude, it appears on dunes, margins of streams, slopes with high exposure, edge trimmers. Sometimes they grow as an ornamental plant.

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução Devido à facilidade de propagação e resistência, é uma espécie invasora em muitos habitats. Due to the easy propagation and resistance, is an invasive specie in many habitats.

Acacia dealbata(promenor da folha)-http://invasoras.uc.pt/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Plantae

Plantae

Phylum / Filo

Magnoliophyta

Class / Classe

Liliopsida

Order / Ordem

Commelinales

Family / Familia:

Commelinaceae

Genus / Género

Tradescantia

Tradescantia fluminensis Vellozo

Herb-of-fortune

Erva-da-Fortuna, trandescância

Kingdom / Reino

Species / Espécie Common name/Nome vulgar

Species origin / Origem da espécie South America / América do Sul

http://invasoras.uc.pt/gallery/tradescantia-fluminensis/

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução Acicdental / Acidental

Distribution / Distribuição Seriously affected areas include Australia, New Zealand, and the southeastern of United States. / Áreas seriamente afetadas incluem Austrália , Nova Zelândia, e o sudeste dos Estados Unidos.

Species description / Descrição da espécie Perennial herb with long creeping stems, which are fragmented with some ease and rooting at the nodes. The Leaves have 3-8 cm, are acute, bright green on the upper side and sometimes purpurascentes beneath. Flowers are white, with 7-12 mm, arranged in groups of a few flowers. / Erva rastejante perene com caules compridos, que se fragmentam com alguma facilidade e que enraízam nos nós. Folhas: com 3-8 cm, , agudas, verde-brilhantes na página superior e por vezes purpurascentes na página inferior. Flores: brancas, com 7-12 mm, reunidas em grupos de poucas flores;

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução Impacts on ecosystems: It is a persistent species that form continuous carpets, preventing the development of native vegetation (mostly herbaceous). / Impactes nos ecossistemas: É uma espécie persistente que forma tapetes contínuos, impedindo o desenvolvimento da vegetação (principalmente herbácea) nativa.

Foto: Pedro Cardoso

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Kingdom / Reino

Plantae

Phylum / Filo

Magnoliophyta

Class / Classe

Magnoliopsida

Order / Ordem

Caryophyllales

Family / Familia:

Cactaceae

Genus / Género

Opuntia

Opuntia ficus-indica

Indian Fig

Figueira da Índia

Species / Espécie Common name/Nome vulgar

Species origin / Origem da espécie Central America (Autor: Ricardo Ramos da Silva)

Opuntia ficus indica: general aspect

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução It was planted to form hedges and for production of fruits; largely naturalized in rural areas.

Distribution / Distribuição It is distributed all over our country, Portugal, mainly in the southern interior, in areas with less rainfall.

Species description / Descrição da espécie This plant can be up to 6m tall, has terminal cladodes of 30-50 cm, green on top and gray at the end; they have tiny, conical thorns and fallen leaves which are thin and whitish; the flowers have 7 -8 cm in diameter, are yellow or intensive orange or with varied colors. This cactus blooms from May to June

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução Opuntia ficus indica:: detail of the flower (Foto: José Carlos Rocha)

Opuntia ficus indica: detail of the fruit

It forms dense, impenetrable stands that prevent the development of native vegetation and the presence of animals. Economically: high costs in the application of control measures. The thorns hurt the leaves, prevent the presence of animals and can hinder the control.

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Animalia

Animalia

Phylum / Filo

Arthropoda

Class / Classe

Insecta

Order / Ordem

Coleoptera

Family / Familia:

Chrysomelidae

Genus / Género

Leptinotarsa

Leptinotarsa decemlineata

Colorado potato beetle

Escaravelho-da-batata

Kingdom / Reino

Species / Espécie Common name/Nome vulgar

Reprodução/Reprodution

Ovos nas folhas/Eggs in potato leaf

Species origin / Origem da espécie América do Norte / North America

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução Acidental

Distribution / Distribuição Todo o pais/All the country

Species description / Descrição da espécie Larvas/Larvae

Insecto/Bug

Apresenta riscas pretas e amarelas. It presents black and yellow stripes.

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução Causa prejuízos nas plantações de batata do hemisfério norte. Cause damage to potato crops in the northern hemisphere.

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Kingdom / Reino

Plantae

Magnoliophyta

Class / Classe

Magnoliopsida

Order / Ordem

Asterales

Family / Familia:

Asteraceae

Genus / Género

Galinsoga

Galinsoga parviflora

Guascas

Erva da Moda

Phylum / Filo

Species / Espécie Common name/Nome vulgar

Species origin / Origem da espécie South America/América do Sul

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução Acicdental

Distribution / Distribuição Continental Portugal (all provinces). Cultivated areas—being very frequent in areas with some humidity as irrigated crops and road verges. It also comes in natural and semi-natural areas./ Portugal Continental (todas as províncias). Áreas cultivadas sendo muito frequente em zonas com alguma humidade, como culturas de regadio e bermas de caminho. Surge também em áreas naturais e seminaturais.

Species description / Descrição da espécie Annual herb up to 80 cm, branched, fragile appearance. The leaves up to 5 cm, ovate. Flowers (4-7 mm in diameter) with three small slits bracts among the flowers. Lower ligulate flowers (± 1 mm), almost as wide as long, usually only 5 (rarely 6), white, tridentate, yellow tubular disk flowers. The fruits are cypselae 1-1.5 mm long, tetragonal, provided with short hairs whose arrangement resembles a star. Reproduce by seminal pathway producing many seeds. Erva anual de até 80 cm, ramificada, de aspeto frágil. As folhas até 5 cm, ovadas. As flores (4-7 mm em diâmetro) pequenas brácteas com três fendas entre as flores. Flores liguladas minúsculas (± 1 mm), quase tão largas como compridas, geralmente apenas 5 (raramente 6), brancas, tridentadas; flores do disco tubulosas amarelas. Os frutos são cipselas de 1-1,5 mm comprimento, tetragonais, providas de pêlos curtos cuja disposição assemelha-se a uma estrela. Reproduz-se por via seminal produzindo muitas sementes.

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução Potentially, decreased productivity in the cultivation areas. / Potencialmente, diminuição da produtividade nas áreas de cultivo.

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Kingdom / Reino Phylum / Filo Class / Classe Order / Ordem Family / Familia: Genus / Género Species / Espécie Common name/Nome vulgar

Animalia Chordata Aves Passeriformes Estrildidae Estrilda Estrilda astrild Bico-de-lacre

Bico-de-lacre-http://www.avescatarinenses.com.br/fotos/aves_catarinenses__2984.jpg

Species origin / Origem da espécie Africa / África

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução Intensional

Distribution / Distribuição Litoral

Species description / Descrição da espécie É uma ave pequena, com cerca de 11 a 13 centímetros de comprimento e 12 a 14 centímetros de envergadura. Tem um peso de 7 a 10 gramas. Apresenta uma cor acastanhada mais escura no dorso e é mais acinzentada na região do peito. Tem o bico vermelho-vivo e uma risca vermelha à volta dos olhos e no peito. Não apresenta dimorfismo sexual. It is a small bird, about 11-13 cm long and 12-14 cm wingspan. It weights from 7 to 10 grams. It presents a darker brownish color on the back and it is more grayish in the chest area. It has bright red beak and a red stripe around the eyes and chest. It does not show sexual dimorphism.

Bico-de-lacre- http://www.cienciahoje.pt/files/57/57467.jpg

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução Não tem impacte./ No impact.

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Kingdom / Reino

Semente / Seed

Flor / Flower

Plantae

Phylum / Filo

Magnoliophyta

Class / Classe

Magnoliopsida

Order / Ordem

Solanales

Family / Familia:

Solanaceae

Genus / Género

Datura

Datura stramonium

devil-grass

Erva do Diabo

Species / Espécie Common name/Nome vulgar

Species origin / Origem da espécie America

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução Intentional

Distribution / Distribuição Todo o pais/all the country

Species description / Descrição da espécie As folhas são grandes, 7 a 20 cm e tem dentes irregulares. São plantas anuais. The leaves are large, 7 to 20 cm and have irregular teeth. This plants are anual.

Fruto / Fruit

Planta / Plant

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução Capaz de matar quem a procura e de muito difícil domesticação. Able to kill those looking for it and very difficult domestication.

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Kingdom / Reino

Plantae

Phylum / Filo

Magnoliophyta

Class / Classe

Magnoliopsida

Order / Ordem

Caryophyllales

Family / Familia:

Aizoaceae

Genus / Género

Carpobrotus

Carpobrotus edulis var. edulis (Linnaeus) N. Brown

Chorão, Chorão-da-praia, Bálsamo

Ice plant, Highway ice plant, Pigface or Hottentot fig

Species / Espécie Common name/Nome vulgar

Species origin / Origem da espécie South Africa/África do Sul

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução Intentional/Intencional

Distribution / Distribuição General distribution: Dunes and coastal cliffs, colonizing clearings psammophilous scrubland, pine forests, roadside paths. Usually in sandy soils, with some disruption and near the coast. Less often in the interior, where its found in embankments, road verges, debris and other disturbed sites. Distribuição geral: Dunas e arribas litorais, colonizando clareiras de matos psamófilos, pinhais, bermas de caminhos. Geralmente em solos arenosos, com alguma perturbação e perto do litoral. Menos frequentemente no interior, em taludes de estrada, bermas de caminhos, entulhos e outros locais perturbados.

Species description / Descrição da espécie Invasive Characteristics: It has a vigorous vegetative growth that leads to the formation of specific mono rugs that prevents rooting native vegetation. It also propagates through stem parts of the plant which have at least one node. Flowering time: April - July. Características invasoras: Possui um vigoroso crescimento vegetativo que leva à formação de tapetes mono específicos que impede o enraizamento da vegetação nativa. Também se propaga por enraizamento de partes da planta que tenham pelo menos um nó. Floração: Abril - Julho

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução Todos os fatores descritos em cima fazem com que diminua a biodiversidade. Promove a acidificaçao dos solos e desequilibra a dinâmica de nutrientes, facilitando o seu próprio desenvolvimento. Os frutos são comidos por pequenos mamíferos (principalmente ratos e coelhos) que dispersam as suas sementes. /All the factors described above make biodiversity decrease. It promotes acidification of soils and imbalanced nutrient dynamics, facilitating their own development. The fruits are eaten by small mammals (mainly rats and rabbits) that disperse their seeds.

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Kingdom / Reino

Plantae

Phylum / Filo

Pteridophyta

Class / Classe

Filicopsida

Order / Ordem

Salviniales

Family / Familia:

Salviniaceae

Genus / Género

Azolla

Azolla filiculoides

musk plant

Azola, Almiscar-vegetal

Species / Espécie Common name/Nome vulgar

Specie origin / Origem da espécie Azolla mexicana: general aspect

Tropical America

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução Through accidental introduction of rice

Distribution / Distribuição In mainland Portugal, the Azolla filiculoides is more abundant in the following regions: Tras-os-Montes, Beira Litoral, Beira, Estremadura, Ribatejo, Baixo Alentejo and Alto Alentejo.

Specie description / Descrição da espécie It is an annual aquatic floating fetus, 7-10 cm, green or reddish. Slender, branched, horizontal stems and covered by the sheets. It has leaves arranged in 2 rows, the upper lobe is thick and thin and the lower lobe is thin and usually submerged. Its reproduction happens from April to June. Azolla filiculoides has a vegetative reproduction by fragments of stems rooting easily while the water surface is not fully covered. When this occurs, reproduction is seminal through spores which are very resistant to dissection.

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução It forms dense mats (30 cm thick) very large which reduce the quality of the water with consequent decreases in the biodiversity. It decreases water flow and interferes with navigation, fishing, irrigation systems and hydroelectric complexes. Azolla mexicana: detail leaves

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Kingdom / Reino

Plantae

Plantas

Division/ Divisão

Spermatophyta

Espermatófita

Class / Classe

Magnoliiophyta

Order / Ordem

Proteales

Family / Familia:

Proteacea

Proteaceas

Genus / Género

Hakea

Hakea sericea Schrader

Hakea sericea

Needlebush

Háquea-espinhosa

Species / Espécie Common name/Nome vulgar

Species origin / Origem da espécie Australia/ Austrália

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução Intentional/ Intencional

Distribution / Distribuição Portugal, Spain, South Africa and New Zealand/ Portugal, Espanha, África do Sul e Nova Zelândia

Species description / Descrição da espécie Small tree which can grow up to 4 to 5 meters with perennial, robust leaves with sharp edges; white flowers;the fruits have a hard crust and edges; blossoms from January to April/Árvore baixa que pode atingir os 4 a 5 metros de altura com folhas perenes, muito robustas e aguçadas,;flores brancas,; frutos lenhosos com crosta e bico; floresce no período de janeiro a abril.

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução Very deep and impenetrable bushes that prevent the development of the native plants, affecting the wild animals, reducing the amount of water available and increasing the chances of fires./Forma ramagens muito densas e impenetráveis que impedem o desenvolvimento da vegetação nativa, afetando a vida selvagem, reduzindo a quantidade de água disponível e aumentando a probabilidade de ocorrência de incêndios.

(detailled photo) Caption

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Kingdom / Reino

Plants

Plantas

Division/Divisão

Spermatophyta

Espermatófita

Class / Classe

Magnoliiophyta

Order / Ordem

Myrtales

Family / Familia:

Myrtaceae

Genus / Género

Eucalyptus

Eucalyptus globulus Labill.

Eucalyptus globulus

Species / Espécie

Common name/Nome vulgar Tasmanian/common eucalyptus Eucalipto da Tasmânia/ comum

Species origin / Origem da espécie Australia/Austrália (General foto) Caption

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução Intentional/ Intencional

Distribution / Distribuição All over the country except some parts of the interior./ Um pouco por todo o país, exceptuando alguns locais do interior.

Species description / Descrição da espécie Large species that can reach 70 meters, it is the only eucalyptus to give flowers, which are white. Espécie de grande porte que pode atingir os 70 metros, é o único eucalipto a dar flores, que são brancas.

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução Absorbs large amounts of water in the summer and easily burns with forest fires. / Absorve grandes quantidades de água no verão e arde facilmente com os fogos florestais.

(detailled photo) Caption

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Kingdom / Reino

Plants

Plantas

Division/Divisão

Spermatophyta

Espermatófita

Class / Classe

Magnoliiophyta

Order / Ordem

Asparagales

Family / Familia:

Agavaceae

Genus / Género

Agave

Agave americana L.

Agave americana

Maguey or American aloe

Pita ou Piteira

Species / Espécie Common name/Nome vulgar

Species origin / Origem da espécie Mexico/México

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução Accidental/ Acidental

Distribution / Distribuição Continental Portugal (Beira Litoral, Estremadura, Ribatejo, Alentejo, Alentejo, Algarve), Açores (islands of S. Miguel, Graciosa, Faial, Flores), Madeira (Madeira and Porto Santo) /Portugal continental (Beira Litoral, Estremadura, Ribatejo, Alto Alentejo, Baixo Alentejo, Algarve), arquipélago dos Açores (ilhas de S. Miguel, Graciosa, Faial, Flores), arquipélago da Madeira (ilhas da Madeira e Porto Santo).

Species description / Descrição da espécie Plant evergreen, can reach 8 meters, very large, fleshy and spiny margin of yellow flowers, fruit and leaves presents clear inside capsules that contain many black seeds /Planta de folha persistente, pode atingir 8 metros, de folhas claras, muito grandes, carnudas e de margem espinhosa, de flores amarelas, como fruto apresenta cápsulas que no seu interior contêm muitas sementes pretas

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução Cause the leaves to shade, prevent the development of other vegetation, the leaves can cause allergies, the spines of the sheets hurt, prevent the presence of other animals. As folhas ao fazerem sombra, impedem o desenvolvimento de outra vegetação, as suas folhas podem provocar alergias, os espinhos das folhas magoam, impedindo a presença de outros animais.

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Kingdom / Reino

Animalia

Animal

Phylum / Filo

Arthropoda

Artrópodes

Class / Classe

Insecta

Insetos

Order / Ordem

Coleoptera

Coleopteros

Family / Familia:

Chrysomelidae

Genus / Género

Leptinotarsa

Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say

Leptinotarsa decemlineata

Colorado beetle

Escaravelho da Batateira

Species / Espécie Common name/Nome vulgar

Species origin / Origem da espécie America / América

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução Accidental/ Acidental

Distribution / Distribuição Northern Portugal/ Norte de Portugal

Species description / Descrição da espécie Black, yellow and small animal which is a serious pest of potatoes and other solanaceous plants./Um animal pequeno, de cor preta e amarela que é uma peste da batateira e de outras solanáceas.

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução Destruction of plants/ Destruição de plantas

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Kingdom / Reino

Plants

Plantas

Division/ Divisão

Spermatophyta

Espermatófita

Class / Classe

Magnoliiophyta

Order / Ordem

Fabales

Family / Familia:

Fabaceae (Leguminosae)

Leguminosas

Genus / Género

Robinia

Robinia pseudoacacia L.

Robinia pseudoacacia

False acacia

Falsa acácia

Species / Espécie Common name/Nome vulgar

Species origin / Origem da espécie North America/ América do Norte

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução Accidental/ Acidental

Distribution / Distribuição Northern and Central Portugal/ Norte e Centro de Portugal

Species description / Descrição da espécie A medium size tree with many offshoots. Leaves are 20 cm long. Fruits like chestnuts pea pods./ Árvore de porte mediano, com muitos rebentos. Folhas até 20 cm de comprimento. Frutos parecidos com os grupos de vagens castanhas de ervilheiras.

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução

Dense clones of Robinia create shaded islands with little ground vegetation./ Densas colónias de Robinia criam ilhas com pouca vegetação.

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Kingdom / Reino

Plants

Plantas

Division/ Divisão

Spermatophyta

Espermatófita

Class / Classe

Magnoliiophyta

Order / Ordem

Asterales

Family / Familia:

Asteraceae (Compositae)

Asteraceae (Compostas)

Genus / Género

Erigeron

Erigeron karvinskianus DC.

Erigeron karvinskianus

Mexican Ffeabane

Margacinhas

Species / Espécie Common name/Nome vulgar

Species origin / Origem da espécie Mexico and South America/ México e América do Sul

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução © Ian & Clare Smith

Intentional/Intencional

Distribution / Distribuição Portugal: Serra da Estrela, Minho, Trás-os-Montes ( Alto Douro ), Douro Litoral, Beira Alta, Beira Baixa, Estremadura, Ribatejo, Alto Alentejo e Beira Litoral.

Species description / Descrição da espécie Sprawling perennial daisy to 40 cm tall with fibrous roots, and long thin stems that are sparsely hairy to hairless. Small narrow leaves. White purplish or pink daisy-like flowers with a central yellow disc, followed by masses of fluffy seeds.

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução Forms dense mats in a huge range of habitats. While it isn’t very long-lived itself, it opens habitats up to invasion by vines and other weeds. It replaces vulnerable herbs, shrubs, etc in key and isolated places.

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Kingdom / Reino

Plants

Plantas

Division/ Divisão

Spermatophyta

Espermatófita

Class / Classe

Magnoliiophyta

Order / Ordem

Asterales

Family / Familia:

Asteraceae (Compositae)

Compostas

Genus / Género

Conyza

Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronq.

Conyza bonariensis

Flax-leaf Ffeabane

Aboadeira, avoadinha

Species / Espécie Common name/Nome vulgar

Species origin / Origem da espécie South America/ América do Sul © Vítor Maia

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução Accidental/Acidental

Distribution / Distribuição National distribution/Distribuição Nacional

Species description / Descrição da espécie Pale grey annual herb to 1m high. Stems with long spreading hairs. Leaves with short hairs .Seeds elliptic, about 1 mm long, with short hairs and topped with long white hairs (pappus) about 3 mm long. / Erva cinzenta pálida que pode atingir 1 metro. Caules com pilosidade. Sementes elípticas com 1 mm de comprimento, com pelos brancos no topo com cerca de 3mm de comprimento.

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução

They create dense areas that prevent the development of the vegetation. Elevated costs in implementing control measures, particularly in cultivated areas. Declining productivity in agricultural land./ Cria áreas densas que impedem o desenvolvimento da vegetação. Elevado custo na implementação de medidas de controlo, principalmente em áreas cultivadas. Produtividade reduzida em solos agrícolas.

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Kingdom / Reino

Animalia

Animal

Phylum / Filo

Chordata

Cordados

Class / Classe

Mammalia

Mamíferos

Order / Ordem

Rodentia

Roedores

Family / Familia:

Sciuridae

Genus / Género

Sciurus

Sciurus vulgaris L.

Sciurus vulgaris

Red Squirrel

Esquilo-Vermelho

Species / Espécie Common name/Nome vulgar

Specie origin / Origem da espécie Northern Europe / Norte da Europa

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução

Accidental / Acidental

Distribution / Distribuição North of Portugal / Norte de Portugal

Specie description / Descrição da espécie It’s a small mammal that has got a reddish fur. It has a lenght of 19 to 23 centimeters and a tail lenght of 15 to 20 centimeters. He usually lives in woods and eats mostly seeds of trees. / É um pequeno mamífero que tem pelo avermelhado. Mede entre 19 e 23 centímetros e a cauda entre 15 e 20 centímetros. Normalmente encontrase em florestas e alimenta-se principalmente de sementes de árvores.

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução The squirrel eats seeds and sometimes leaves them on the ground which helps the spread of plants and trees. / O esquilo come sementes e, por vezes, deixa-as no solo, o que contribui para a propagação das plantas e árvores.

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Plantae

Plantas

Phylum / Filo

Spermatophyta

Espermatófita

Class / Classe

Magnoliiophyta

Order / Ordem

Fabales

Family / Familia:

Fabaceae (Leguminosae)

Leguminosas

Genus / Género

Acacia

Acacia melanoxylon R. Br.

Acacia melanoxylon

Australian blackwood

Austrália; Acácia-negra

Kingdom / Reino

Species / Espécie Common name/Nome vulgar

Specie origin / Origem da espécie Australia / Austrália

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução Intentional / Intencional

Distribution / Distribuição It’s distributed all over the country. / Encontra-se por todo o país.

Specie description / Descrição da espécie It’s an evergreen tree with dark green leaves and a yellowed white flower. It reproduces by either sexual or assexual reproduction (vegetative reproduction). It’s a fast growth tree that can reach 30 meters high. / É uma árvore de folha persistente com folhas verde-escuras e flor branco-amarelado. Reproduz-se tanto por reprodução sexuada como assexuada (multiplicação vegetativa). É uma árvore de rápido crescimento que pode medir até 30 metros de altura.

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução This tree reproduces and grows fast, which led to its large spread. This caused the halt of other species’ reprodution. / Esta árvore têm uma reprodução e crescimento rápidos, o que causou a sua grande difusão. Isto fez com que outras espécies se reproduzissem menos.

Systematic position / Posição sistemática Kingdom / Reino

Plantae

Plantas

Division/ Divisão

Spermatophyta

Espermatófitas

Class / Classe

Magnoliophyta

Order / Ordem

Liliopsida

Family / Familia:

Poaceae (Graminae)

Gramíneas

Genus / Género

Cortaderia

Cortaderia selloana Asch. & Graebn

Cortaderia selloana

Penachos, erva-das-pampas

Pampas grass

Species / Espécie Common name/Nome vulgar

Species origin / Origem da espécie South America/ América do Sul

Type of introduction / Tipo de introdução Intentional/ Intencional

Distribution / Distribuição Europe, North America and Australia/ Europa, América do Norte e Austrália

Species description / Descrição da espécie Tall grass whick can grow up to 3 meters; long and slender bluish-green leaves with very sharp edges; big deep white flowers; reproduces by vegetative multiplication/ Planta alta que pode crescer até 3 metros; folhas de cor verde-azulada longas e afiadas; grandes flores brancas; propaga-se por multiplicação vegetativa.

Introduction consequences / Consequências da introdução Very quick propagation rate which doesn’t allow the growth of other species./Propagação extremamente rápida, impedindo o crescimento das espécies nativas.

Systematic position Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Chordata

Class

Reptilia

Order

Testudines

Family

Emydidae

Genus

Trachemys

Trachemys picta

Yellow-bellied slider turtle

Tortuga pintada

Species Common name

Species origin Eastern and central USA

Type of introduction Intencional as a pet

Distribution Europe: several countries especially near urban aquatic areas.

Species description The adult painted turtle female is 10â€“25 cm long; the male is smaller. The turtle's top shell is dark and smooth, without a ridge. Its skin is olive to black with red, orange, or yellow stripes on its extremities. .

Introduction consequences It is a potential colonizing, threatning several native species.

Systematic position Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Coleoptera

Family

Curuculionidae

Genus

Rhynchophorus

Species

R. ferrugineus

Common name

Red palm weevil,

Picudo Rojo,

Species origin Native to Southeast Asia/ . Asia del sur

Type of introduction It has come through infected palm trees from Egypt and other North African countries /.Introducida a través de las palmeras importadas de Egipto y otros paísezdel norte de África

Distribution The specie is invading the south and east regions of Spain (Andalucia, Murcia and Valencia.) Also in some countries in Africa, Europe and America.

Species description Weevil is large, two to five centimeters. Its reddish ferruginous makes unmistakable.

Introduction consequences The larvae of the insect feeds on the the palm tree. All the palm trees in the affected regions are ddrying and being killed.

Systematic position Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Chordata

Class

Aves

Order

Psittaciformes

Family

Psittaculidae

Genus

Psittacula

Psittacula krameri

Rose-ringed Parakeet

Cotorra de Kramer

Species Common name

Species origin Africa and southern Asia

Type of introduction Intencional

Distribution Europe: Regularly or recently cultivated agricultural, horticultural and domestic habitats, Constructed, industrial and other artificial habitats. Mainly parks, local gardens and suburban areas, but also cultivated areas with fields and orchards.

Species description It measure approximately 40 cm long by including the tail feathers. It has a length of about 15 to 17.5 centimetres.

Introduction consequences The Rose-ringed Parakeets may have detrimental effects on other cavity-nesters birds.

Systematic position Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Artthropoda

Class

Malacostraca

Order

Decapoda

Family

Cambaridae

Genus

Procambarus

Species

Procambarus clarkii

Common name

Red swamp crawfish

Cangrejo americano

Species origin Coastal areas of Mexico gulf

Type of introduction Intencional

Distribution Europe: Portugal, Spain and south of France

Species description It is capable of reaching weights in excess of 50 g, and sizes of 5.5â€“12 cm .

Introduction consequences Severe negative impact of the native crayfish, Astacus astacus and Austropotamobius spp. Decrease of profits in rice fields .

Systematic position Kingdom

Plantae

Phylum

Magnoliophyta

Class

Magnoliopsida

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae

Genus

Pennisetum

Pennisetum setaceum

Fountain grass

Plumacho, rabo de gato

Species Common name

Species origin North Africa

Type of introduction Intencional as a ornamental plant.

Distribution West and south coastal Europe

Species description It’s an elegant grass with purple leaves, covered with soft burgundy wich can grow up to one centimetre. It can grow in all types of ground. It grows 0ʼ75-1ʼ2m high and approximately 60 cm big.

Introduction consequences Fountain grass has become invasive .

Systematic position Kingdom

Plantae

Phylum

Magnoliophyta

Class

Magnoliopsida

Order

Caryophyllales

Family

Cactaceae

Genus

Opuntia

Opuncia ficus-indica

Cactus pear

Figuera de moro

Species Common name

Species origin mesoamerica

Type of introduction Intencional

Distribution Southern Europe

Species description Itâ€™s a shrubby plant with nomofilas leaves, which is divided into segments that are steems able to branching , that emit flowers and fruits . These stems are flat, oval and medium green. The flowers, shaped crown, stem from the areolas around the edges of the segments. It flowers once a year and both the fruit and the flower can be of different colors, from yellow to red. The fruit has a thick, spiny, and with an abundant pulp or seeds shell nuggets.

Introduction consequences It doesnâ€™t harms native species and it has got medicinal properties as nutritious, diuretic, antispasmodic, emollient.

Systematic position Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Chordata

Class

Actinopterygii

Order

Cyprinodontiforme

Family

Poeciliidae

Genus

Gambusia

Species

Gambusia holbrooki

Common name

Eastern mosquitofish

Cambusia

Species origin North America

Type of introduction Intencional for controlling a plague of mosquitos.

Distribution South Europe

Species description Itâ€™s a small light colored fish with semi-transparent fins. The females usually have a black stripe near their eye area.

Introduction consequences Competing and displacing the Aphanius Iberius .

Systematic position Kingdom

Plantae

Division

Magnoliophyta

Class

Magnoliopsida

Order

Caryophyllales

Family

Aizoaceae

Genus

Carpobrotus

Carpobrotus edulis

Cat nail

U単a de gato

Species Common name

Species origin South Africa

Type of introduction Intencional

Distribution It is practically in all the temperate areas of the world, especially in coastal areas.

Species description Perennial plant, succulent, with a stem length of up to 2 m. The leaves are bright green, sometimes purple at the ends, and tapered, with waxy texture and triangular section, curved upwards, about 1 cm long. In highly saline soils may possess a kind of salt crust that gives them a whitish color surface. The flowers are 60 to 90 mm in diameter, numerous overlapping petals purple, yellow or orange and yellow stamens.

Introduction consequences Soil depletion, precludes the rooting of native species in areas rich in biomass of the alien species, these species produce pollen in large quantities, selectively attract pollinating insects, which do not adequately play their ecological role in less abundant, local species, which are impaired reproduction. Flowers during the transition from spring to summer: in the Northern Hemisphere, from April to July.

Systematic position Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Diptera

Family

Culicidae

Genus

Aedes

Aedes albopictus

Tiger mosquito

Mosquito tigre

Species Common name

Species origin Tropical and subtropical areas of Southeast Asia

Type of introduction Accidental

Distribution It has spread to Europe, North- America, the Caribbean, Africa and the Middle East.

Species description The Asian tiger mosquito is about 2 to 10 mm length with a striking white and black pattern. The males are smaller than the females. They also have a single silvery-white line begins between the eyes and continues down the dorsal side of the thorax. The proboscis is dark colored. The female is equipped with an elongated proboscis that she uses to collect blood to feed her eggs.

Introduction consequences Their sting is especially painful, causing inflammation and persistent stinging and even severe allergic reactions. The tiger mosquito acts as a vector and is capable of transmitting up to 23 diseases, like dengue in Central and South America and the Pacific, yellow fever and, although much less frequently can be vector in the transmission of virus West Nile.

Systematic position / Sistematska klasifikacija

Kingdom / Carstvo

Animalia

životinje

Phylum / Odjeljak

Arthropoda

člankonošci

Insecta

kukci

Order / Red

Coleoptera

kornjaši

Family / Porodica

Coccinelidae

Božje ovčice

Harmonia

Harmonia axyridis

Asian ladybird

Harlekinska božja ovčica

Class / Razred

Genus / Rod Species / Vrsta Common name/Narodno ime

Species origin / Podrijetlo vrste It was introduced in USA and Canada at the beginning of the last century.Nowadays, insect is distributed in the most European countries. In 2010. it was recorded on fruits in Croatia.

Type of introduction / Tip introduciranosti Intentional/Namjerno unešena In 1995. it was introduced to Europe as a biological tool to control aphids

Distribution / Rasprostranjenost National distribition /whole country

Species description / Opis vrste It is characterized by great polymorphism. They predate on aphids,but also can feed on larvae of other ladybirds. It can be found on fruits and grapes. While overwintering,they tend to group,and this is one of the leading characteristics indicating this species since other ladybird do not group. Often,they are household nuisance,and can cause allergies.

Systematic position / Sistematika Plantae

Biljke

Phylum / Koljeno

Magnoliophyta

Kritosjemenjače

Class / Razred

Magnoliopsida

Dvosupnice

Malvales

Malvaceae

sljezovi

Abutilon

Abutilon theophrasti Med.

Velvetleaf, Butterprint Buttonweed Jute

Europski mračnjak,

Kingdom / Carstvo

Order / Red Family / Porodica Genus / Rod Species / Vrsta Common name/Narodni naziv

(General foto) Caption

Teofrastov mračnjak

Species origin /Podrijetlo vrste South Asia/Južna Azija

Type of introduction / Tip uvođenja Accidentally/Nenamjerno

Distribution / Raspodjela National distribition /cijela Hrvatska

Species description / Opis vrste This plant can grow 1 meter and it can live only 1 year.It excreted chemical substances that have an adverse effect on the growth and development of other organisms, and has a high productivity seeds.In Croatia was found in 1869. It blooms from June to September.The stem is used in the textile industry, and the seeds contain fatty oils for technical purposes.

Introduction consequences / Posljedice It’s one of the most dangerous weed in Croatia/Jedna od najopasnijih inv. vrsta T

Systematic position / Sistematska klasifikacija Kingdom / Carstvo Phylum / Odjeljak Class / Razred Order / Red

Animalia

ŽIVOTINJE

Chordata

Svitkovci

Mammalia

Sisavci

Artiodactyla

Parnoprstaši

Family / Porodica

Cervidae

Jeleni

Genus / Rod

Odocoileus

Species / Vrsta

Odocoileus virginianus

Common name/Narodno ime

Virginia deer ,whitetail

Bjelorepi jelen

Species origin / Podrijetlo vrste United States, Canada, Mexico, Central America, and South America.

Type of introduction / Tip introduciranosti Intencional

Distribution / Rasprostranjenost National distribution /Croatia (Central Dalmatia)

Species description / Opis vrste The white-tailed deer, also known as the Virginia deer or simply as the white tail, is a medium-sized deer. The deer's coat is a reddish-brown in the spring and summer and turns to a grey-brown throughout the fall and winter. The deer can be recognized by the characteristic white underside to its tail. The deer will raise its tail when it is alarmed to flag the other deer. Females give birth to 1–3 spotted young, known as fawns, in late spring, generally in May or June. Fawns lose their spots during the first summer and will weigh from 20 to 35 kg by the first winter.

Systematic position Kingdom

Animalia

Životinje

Phylum

Arthropoda

Člankonošci

Class

Malacostraca

Viši rakovi

Order

Decapoda

RAKOVI desetonošci

Family

Cambaridae

Genus

Orconectes

Species

Orconectes limosus Rafinesque, 1817) Orconectes limosus

Common name SPINYCHEEK CRAYFISH

BODLJOBRADI RAK

Species origin : (General foto) Caption

Canada, United States A specie of crayfih in the family Cambaridae, native to the east coast of North America, introduced in Europe in 1890’s to replace diminished population of SignaL crayfish.

Type of introduction: Intentional/Namjerno unešen

Distribution: It was introduced on the Drava River and Dunav River in 2003.

Species description: Spiny-cheek crayfish are a small to medium sized crayfish species .They have distinctive spiny cheeks, legs with orange tips and striped abdomens, but are often coloured black from the sediment they live in.

Introduction consequences: It is widespread now in Europe.

(detailled photo) Caption

Systematic position / Sistematska klasifikacija Kingdom / Carstvo Phylum / Odjeljak Class / Razred

Plantae

BILJKE

Angiosperms

Kritosjemenjače

Magnoliopsida

Order / Red

Asterales

Family / Porodica

Asteraceae

Glavočike cjevnjače

Genus / Rod Species / Vrsta

Helianthus

Suncokret

Helianthus tuberosus L.

Jerusalem artichoke

Čičoka,jeruzalemska artičoka

Common name/Narodno ime

Species origin / Podrijetlo vrste Eastern North America Helianthus tuberosus (Jerusalem Artichoke) is an invasive perennial native to North America, escaped from cultivation and distributed to many countries of the world.

Type of introduction / Tip introduciranosti Intentional

Distribution / Rasprostranjenost In our country you can find artichoke around river Sava.

Species description / Opis vrste Despite its name, the Jerusalem artichoke has no relation to Jerusalem, and it is not a type of artichoke, in our country called is '' čičoka''. It is a plant growing to 1.5–3 m tall .The flowers are yellow . The artichoke contains about 10% protein, no oil, and a surprising lack of starch. However, it is rich in the carbohydrate inulin (76%), which is a polymer of the monosaccharide fructose.

Systematic position / Sistematska klasifikacija Kingdom / Carstvo

Animalia

Životinje

Phylum / Odjeljak

Arthropoda

Člankonošci

Insecta

Kukci

Coleoptera

Kornjaši ili tvrdokrilci

Coccinellidae

Božje ovčice

Harmonia

Harmonia axyridis (Pallas, 1773 )

Harmonia axyridis

Harlequin ladybird

Harlekinska božja ovčica

Class / Razred Order / Red Family / Porodica Genus / Rod Species / Vrsta Common name/Narodno ime

Species origin / Podrijetlo vrste It is native to eastern Asia.

Type of introduction / Tip introduciranosti Intentional / Namjerno Brought to Europe and North America to control aphids and scale insects.

Distribution / Rasprostranjenost National distribution / Entire Croatia

Species description / Opis vrste Harmonia axyridis is an invasive sprcies and a "typical" coccinellid beetle in shape and structure . It occurs in three main color forms: red or orange with black spots (known as form succinea); black with four red spots (form spectabilis); and black with two red spots (form conspicua). These beetles can be difficult to identify because of their variations in color, spot size, and spot count.

Systematic position / Sistematika Kingdom / Carstvo

Animalia

Ĺ˝ivotinje

Phylum / Koljeno

Chordata

Svitkovci

Actinopterygii

Ribe zrakoperke

Class / Razred Order / Red

Cyprinodontiformes

Family / Porodica

Poeciliidae

Genus / Rod

Gambusia

Species / Vrsta Common name/Nadimak

Ĺživorotke

Gambusia affinis

Mosquitofish

gambuzija

Species origin / Podrijetlo vrste North America/Sjeverna Amerika

Type of introduction / Vrsta introdukcije Intentional/Namjerna

Distribution / Didtribucija Widespread in Europe/Rasprostranjena u Europi

Species description / Opis vrste They have a dorsally flattened head, rounded tail and a single dorsal fin. Their back is green to brown, becoming grey with a bluish tinge down their sides, and silver on the belly. They also have an upturned mouth, large eyes, and a rounded belly.

Introduction consequences / Posljedice introdukcije Black list/Crna lista

Systematic position / Sistematska klasifikacija Kingdom / Carstvo Phylum / Odjeljak Class / Razred Order / Red Family / Porodica Genus / Rod Species / Vrsta Common name/Narodno ime

Animalia

Životinje

Chordate

Svitkovci

Mammal

Sisavci

Artiodactyla

Parnoprstaši

Cervidae

Jeleni

Dama

Dama dama L., 1758

Dama dama

Ragwe

Jelen lopatar ili lanjac

Species origin / Podrijetlo vrste The fallow deer (Dama dama) is a ruminant mammal belonging to the family Cervidae. This common species is native to western Eurasiabut has been introduced widely elsewhere .

Type of introduction / Tip introduciranosti The fallow deer is a Eurasian deer[ that was a native to most of Europe during the last Interglacial. In the Holocene, the distribution was restricted to the Middle East and possibly also parts of the Mediterrean Region.

Distribution / Rasprostranjenost Mediterranean,Britain,South Africa;New Zeland;in Croatia Brijuni islands,Badija,Korčula and North Croatia.

Species description / Opis vrste The male fallow deer is known as a buck, the female is a doe, and the young a fawn. Adult bucks are 140–160 cm,does are 130–150 cm long.Fawns are born in spring at about 30 cm and weigh around 4.5 kg . The life span is around 12–16 years.The species has great variations in the colour of their coats, with four main variants, "common", "menil",melanistic and leucistic– a genuine colour variety, not albinistic.The white is the lightest coloured, almost white; common and menil are darker, and melanistic is very dark, sometimes even black.

Systematic position / Sistematska klasifikacija Kingdom / Carstvo

Protista

Phylum / Odjeljak

Chlorophyta

Zelene alge

Bryopsidophyceae

Bryopsidales

Caulerpaceae

Caulerpa

Caulerpa racemosa

Class / Razred Order / Red Family / Porodica Genus / Rod Species / Vrsta Common name/Narodno ime

Grape Caulerpa, Sea Grapes

Species sorigin / Podrijetlo vrste Caulerpa is a species of seaweed, an alga native in the Indian ocean.

Type of introduction / Tip introduciranosti A specific strain of this alga was found to thrive in cold aquarium environments by the staff at the Wilhelma Zoo in Stuttgart,Germany in 1980. It is thought that the seaweed was accidentally released into coastal waters of the Mediterrenean sea just below Jacques Cousteauâ€™s Oceangrapich Museum in Monaco in 1984.

Distribution / Rasprostranjenost Adriatic Sea

Species description / Opis vrste A plant of C. racemosa consists of a number of branhes linked to stolons which are anchored to the sandy subsrtae by rhizoids. The branches are a few centimetres apart and can grow to a height of 30 centimetres .Many spherical or ovate side-shoots branch off these and give the seaweed its name of sea grapes. Like other members of the order Bryopsidales,each C. racemosa plant consists of a single enormous cell with a large number of nuclei.

Systematic position / Sistematska klasifikacija Kingdom/Carstvo

Plantae/ Biljke

Phylum/Koljeno

Magnoliophyta/ Kritosjemenjače

Class/Razred

Magnoliopsida /Dvosupnice

Order/Red

Fabales

Family/Porodica

Fabaceae/Lepirnjače

Genus/Rod

Amorpha

Species/Vrsta

Amorpha fruticosa

Common name

False indigo bush/Čivitnjača

Species origin / Podrijetlo vrste North America/Sjeverna Amerika

Type of introduction / Vrsta unosa Intentional/Namjeran unos vrste

Species description / Opis vrste The plant grows in open habitats. It grows as upright shrub up to 3 m tall. The flowers are purple color and grouped in cluster blossom length of 10-15 cm. This is extremely aggressive, invasive species which is usually found along the banks of rivers and streams, canals, ponds ... Biljka je otvorenih staništa. Raste kao uspravni grm do 3 m visine. Cvjetovi su ljubičaste boje i skupljeni ugrozdaste cvasti dužine od 10-15 cm. Ovo je izrazito agresivna, invazivna vrsta koju najčešće nalazimo uz obale rijeka i potoka, kanala, ribnjaka…

Introduction consequences / Posljedice unosa vrste It represents a problem in forest regeneration. Predstavlja problem u prirodnoj obnovi šuma.

Systematic position / Sistematska klasifikacija Kingdom / Carstvo Phylum / Odjeljak Class / Razred Order / Red Family / Porodica Genus / Rod

Animalia

ŽIVOTINJE

Chordata

Svitkovci

Actinopterygii

Zrakoperke

Siluriformes

Somovke

Ictaluridae (Ameiuridae) Ameiurus

Species / Vrsta Common name/Narodno ime

Ameiurus melas

Black bullhead

Somić, Crni somić

Species origin / Podrijetlo vrste It is native throughout the central United States.

Type of introduction / Tip introduciranosti Intentional/namjerno unesena

Brought to Croatia in 20th century from Northern America.

Distribution / Rasprostranjenost National distribution /Dunavski i jadranski slijev

Species description / Opis vrste Black bullheads are found in slow-moving waters with soft bottoms.They live in low oxygen water. It has barbels located near its mouth, a broad head, spiny fins and no scales.They will eat almost anything from grains and other plant matter to insects, dead or living fish. The females lay from 2000 to 6000 eggs. They are the largest of the bullheads. Like virtually all catfish it prefers to feed at night, although young will feed during the day.

Systematic position / Sistematska klasifikacija Kingdom / Carstvo Phylum / Odjeljak Class / Razred Order / Red Family / Porodica Genus / Rod Species / Vrsta

PLANTAE

BILJKE

Magnoliophyta

KritosjemenjaÄ?e

Magnoliopsida Asterales Asteraceae

Zvjezdanovke

Ambrosia

Common name/Narodno ime

Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.

Ragweed, Blackweed

pelinolisni limundĹžik

Species origin / Podrijetlo vrste This is the most widespread plant of the genus Ambrosia in North America. It is native there, but it has become an invasive species in some European countries and in Japan.

Type of introduction / Tip introduciranosti Accidental/nenamjerno unesena It was imported in Europe with contaminated consignments of seeds. It is in Europe since 1860th year.

Distribution / Rasprostranjenost National distribition /Central and Eastern Croatia

Species description / Opis vrste Ragweed is an annual,monoecious (male and female flowers on the sameplant) weed from the Asteraceae family ,usually sized 20 to 120 cm . It spreads by its fruits some 10 weeks after the flowering season.This invasive neophyte species likes bare or freshly moved grounds. It is greatly favoured by human activities Its wind-dispersed pollen is a strong allergen to many people with hay fever.

Systematic position / Sistematska klasifikacija Kingdom / Carstvo

Animalia

Životinje

Phylum / Odjeljak

Chordata

Svitkovci

Class / Razred

Mammalia

Sisavci

Order / Red

Carnivora

Mesojedi

Herpestidae

Mungosi

Herpestes

Herpestes auropunctatus

Small Indian mongoose

Indijski mali mungos

Family / Porodica Genus / Rod Species / Vrsta Common name/Narodno ime

Species origin / Podrijetlo vrste (General foto) Caption

South and Southeast Asia/ Južna i jugoistočna Azija

Type of introduction / Tip introduciranosti Intentional/Namjerno unešena Small Indian mongooses are agile and have the ability to adapt to new surroundings. They mostly eat insects, but also spiders,snakes, frogs..

Distribution / Rasprostranjenost National distribition / The island of Korcula ,Mljet,Šolta

Species description / Opis vrste

(detailled photo) Caption

The small Indian mongoose is a small, slender animal with short legs and small rounded ears located on the side of its head. It has soft short fur, usually pale to dark brown with golden flecks. It has a pale underside and a bushy tail, which is at least two thirds the length of its body. Head and body length is from 25 cm to 41 cm. Eyes are amber/brown in adults, blue/ green in juveniles. Adult weight is between 60 to 1200 grams.

Systematic position / Sistematska klasifikacija Kingdom / Carstvo

Animalia

Životinje

Phylum / Koljeno

Chordata

Svitkovci

Class / Razred

Mammalia

Sisavci

Order / Red

Carnivora

Zvijeri

Procyonidae

Procyon

Procyon lotor

P. lotor

Raccoon

Rakun

Family / Porodica Genus / Rod Species / Vrsta Common name/Narodno ime

Species origin / Podrijetlo vrste Southern Canada, United States, northern South America./Južna Kanada, Sjedinjene Američke Države, sjever Južne Amerike.

Type of introduction / Tip introduciranosti Intentional./Namjerna. As a result of escapes and deliberate introductions in the mid20th century, raccoons are now also distributed across the European mainland, the Caucasus region and Japan.

Distribution / Distribucija They have been introduced to parts of Asia and Europe and are now widely distributed there as well./Preneseni su u dijelove Azije i Europe gdje su danas široko rasprostranjeni.

Species description / Opis vrste The most distinguishable characteristics of the raccoon are its black mask across the eyes and bushy tail with anywhere from four to ten black rings. The forepaws resemble slender human hands. Both their forepaws and hindpaws have five toes. Coloration varies with habitat, but tends to range from grey to reddish brown to buff. The original habitats of the raccoon are deciduous and mixed forests, but due to their adaptability they have extended their range to mountainous areas, coastal marshes, and urban areas, where some homeowners consider them to be pests.

Systematic position / Sistematska klasifikacija Kingdom / Carstvo

Animalia

ŽIVOTINJE

Phylum / Odjeljak

Arthropoda

Člankonošci

Insecta

Kukci

Coleoptera

Kornjaši

Curculionidae

Pipe

Rhynchophorus

Class / Razred Order / Red Family / Porodica Genus / Rod

Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Rhynchophorus ferrugineus

Species / Vrsta Common name/Narodno ime

Asian palm weevil

Azijska palmina pipa

Species origin / Podrijetlo vrste Originally from tropical Asia, the red palm weevil has spread to Africa and Europe, reaching the Mediterranean in the 1980s. It was first recorded in Spain in 1994 and in France in 2006.

Type of introduction / Tip introduciranosti Accidental/nenamjerno unesena It was reported in the United States at Laguna Beach, CA late in 2010. It arrived in Croatia from Italy and Spain.

Distribution / Rasprostranjenost National distribition /Southern Croatia

Species sdescription / Opis vrste Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, is a species of beetle. The adult beetles are relatively large, ranging between two and five centimeters long, and are usually a rusty red colour - but many colour variants exist . It can excavate holes in the trunk of a palm trees up to a metre long, thereby weakening and eventually killing the host plant . As a result, the weevil is considered a major pest in palm plantations.

Systematic position / Sistematika Plantae

Biljke

Phylum / Koljeno

Magnoliophyta

Kritosjemenjače

Class / Razred

Magnoliopsida

Dvosupnice

Asterales

Asteraceae

Glavočike

Solidago

Solidago gigantea

Giant Goldenrod

zlatošipka, velika zlatnica, dremljevica

Kingdom / Carstvo

Order / Red Family / Porodica Genus / Rod Species / Vrsta Common name/Narodni naziv

Species sorigin /Podrijetlo vrste (General foto) Caption

North America/Sjeverna Amerika

Type of introduction / Tip uvođenja Intentional/Namjerno

Distribution / Raspodjela National distribition / Baranja and Podunavlje (N-E of Croatia)

Species description / Opis vrste Honey is medicinal, particularly good for kidney and bladder. It is also used in people with mental stress. Healing the only above-ground parts of the plant.It grows in forests (mainly beech), along streams, in meadows. The stalk with yellow flowers grow to a height of 2m. Propagation is vegetative (underground stem) and generative (seed). It blooms from mid-July to September.

Introduction consequences / Posljedice There is no consequences.

(detailled photo) Caption

Systematic position / Sistematska klasifikacija Kingdom / Carstvo

Animalia

Životinje

Phylum / Odjeljak

Chordata

Svitkovci

Class / Razred

Mammalia

Sisavci

Order / Red

Artiodactyla

Parnoprstaši

Suidae

Svinja

Family / Porodica: Genus / Rod

Sus

Species / Vrsta

Sus scrofa

Divlja svinja

Common name/Narodno ime

Wild boar

Divlja svinja

Species origin / Podrijetlo vrste Native across central Europe,Mediterranean,North Africa and much of Asia

Type of introduction / Tip introdukcije Accidental/nenamjerno Wild boar were free to move across the continents.

Distribution / Rasprostranjenos National distribition /Across entire Croatia except the islands

Species description / Opis vrste The body of the wild boar is compact; the head is large, the legs relatively short.Usually they are 90-200cm long and 55-110cm high,their weight is around 50-90kg.Adult males develop tusks ,females also develop tusks but are not visible.

Systematic position / Sistematska klasifikacija Kingdom/Carstvo Phylum/Koljeno

Animalia-životinje Chordata-svitkovci

Class/Razred Order/Red Family/Porodica Genus/Rod Species/Vrsta

Sauropsida/Reptilia-gmazovi Testudines-kornjače Emydidae– američke močvarne kornjače Trachemys Trachemys scripta

Common name/Narodno ime

The red-eared slider /Crvenouha kornjača

Species origin / Podrijetlo vrste The American Southwest . Jugozapadni dio SAD-a. Type of introduction / Vrsta unosa Intentional./Namjeran unos vrste. Species description / Opis vrste Recognizable by the red stain on the side of the ears, they have a very greenish armor, as they get older the armor becomes darker. In the wild this species of turtles inhabit all freshwater habitats: lakes, ponds... Prepoznatljive su zbog crvenih mrlja na mjestu ušiju, imaju jako zelenkast oklop, što više stare oklop postaje sve tamniji. U divljini ova vrsta kornjača nastanjuje sva slatkovodna staništa: jezera, bare i vode tekućice sa pjeskovitim tlom i umjerenom vegetacijom. Introduction consequences / Poslijedice unosa vrste Endangers local reptiles.

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