Test Bank For Medical Sociology 16th Edition William C. Cockerham Chapter 1-17 Chapter 1 Medical Sociology
Multiple Choice Questions 1. Medical sociology focuses on what? a. The influence of genetics on social behavior b. The analysis of biological causes of social behavior c. The biological causes and consequences of health, illness, and disease d. The influence of health organizations on health, illness, and disease e. The social causes and consequences of health, illness, and disease Answer: E 2. Which is NOT a major area of investigation in medical sociology? a. Social facets of health and disease. b. Social behavior of health care personnel and their patients. c. Social functions of health organizations and institutions. d. The relationship of health care delivery systems to other systems. e. All of the above answers are major areas of investigation in medical sociology. Answer: E 3. Medical sociology is an important area of study because: a. It promotes the role biology plays in social life. b. It represents a departure from the theory-heavy discipline of general sociology. c. It recognizes the role that social factors play in determining or influencing health. d. It is the result of a merger between medicine and sociology. e. None of the above. Answer: C
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4. What influences how societies organize their resources to cope with health hazards and deliver health care to the population at large? a. Advances in medical technology b. Available money c. Neighboring countries’ health care systems d. Social factors e. Uniqueness of medical education
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Answer: D 5. Who in medicine was among the first to identify a close connection between health and social environments? a. Rudolf Virchow b. Salomon Neumann c. Alfred Grotjahn d. John Shaw Billings e. Charles McIntire Answer: A 6. Medical sociology, as a subdiscipline, began gaining strength: a. It was always part of sociology as a major focus of classical sociologists. b. After World War II with the infusion of large amounts of federal funding for research. c. Only in the last two decades when major worldwide health crises highlighted the need for it. d. It never has been a major part of sociology and exists only as a small part of the medical field. Answer: B 7. Where did medical sociologists focus their work after large-scale funding became available in the mid-twentieth century? a. On studies of health among oppressed groups b. On theoretical frameworks about how society causes health, illness, and disease c. On studies that could be applied to the practical needs of medicine d. On theoretical models of public health needs e. On studies that could help develop community responses to public health emergencies Answer: C 8. Which circumstance(s) particularly affected the development of medical sociology in its early stages? a. Pressure to produce work that could be applied to medical practice and health policy. b. Rich development of theories unique to medical sociology by academic sociologists. c. Lack of attention on the role of medicine and health from classical theorists. d. A and B e. A and C Answer: E
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9. Why did sociology’s founders overlook medicine? a. Medicine was unorganized at the time. b. Medicine lacked any professionalization to study. c. Medicine was too secretive to study d. Medicine blocked sociologists from studying the discipline. e. Medicine did not shape the structure and nature of society. Answer: E
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10. What important event occurred in 1951 that began to reorient American medical sociology toward the use of theory? a. The Vietnam War b. The publication of Parsons’s The Social System c. The increase in chronic diseases d. The growth of universities e. The political swing towards a more conservative era Answer: B 11. Talcott Parsons’s book The Social System contained which concept important for medical sociology? a. Micro theory b. Medicalization c. Patient power d. Culture e. Sick role Answer: E 12. In the case of the sick role, illness is seen as __________, and its undesirable nature reinforces the motivation to be healthy. a. Deviance b. Normal c. Biological d. Social e. A stimulus Answer: A 13. In developing his concept of the sick role, Parsons linked his ideas to which two classical theorists? a. Marx and Goffman b. Weber and Marx c. Marx and Engels d. Durkheim and Weber e. Durkheim and Goffman
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Answer: D 14. Which scholar was the first to demonstrate the controlling function of medicine in a large social system? a. Émile Durkheim b. Talcott Parsons c. Max Weber d. George Herbert Mead e. Erving Goffman Answer: B 15. What is NOT a task of a sociologist in medicine? a. Analyze the social etiology or causes of health disorders b. Study the differences in social attitudes as they relate to health c. Understand the way in which the incidence and prevalence of a specific health disorder is related to social variables. d. Develop theory that assists in understanding social issues related to health. e. All of these are tasks of a sociologist in medicine. Answer: D 16. Most sociologists of medicine are employed as: a. Biostatisticians b. Hospital workers c. Professors at universities d. Researchers in governmental agencies e. Independent contractors Answer: C 17. What trend(s) reduced tensions between sociologists in medicine and sociologists of medicine? a. Most government funding is awarded to research with practical application. b. Medical sociology itself is converging with general sociology. c. Sociology of medicine became the more dominant side of medical sociology. d. A and B e. B and C Answer: D 18. What encourages medical sociologists working in health care and in academic settings to conduct research that deals with topics that have practical utility? a. The willingness of government agencies and private foundations to only fund health-related research that can help solve problems or improve health conditions.
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b. The influence of economic structures like capitalism on health care and academic settings. c. The need to develop new approaches to population-wide health disparities that can generate profit for health care and academic settings. d. The lack of interest in creating theoretical models to explain the health needs of a population. e. The pressure to abandon theoretical explanations of health and illness in the face of COVID-19. Answer: A 19. What is the social psychology of health and illness concerned with studying? a. The influence of social psychological processes on the distribution of health and disease b. The impact of the health care delivery system on social psychological processes c. The social psychological outcomes of health-related behaviors d. The social psychological processes that explain or modify health and healthrelated behaviors e. The influence of social psychological process in the education of health professionals Answer: D 20. The World Health Organization defines health as: a. Normality b. The absence of disease c. The absence of injury d. A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being e. All of the above Answer: D 21. One of the earliest attempts in the Western world to formulate principles of health care, based upon rational thought and the rejection of supernatural phenomena, is found in the work of the Greek physician: a. Hippocrates b. Socrates c. House d. Aristotle e. Dioceses Answer: A 22. The Hippocratic Oath requires the physician to swear that he or she will: a. Help the sick b. Refrain from intentional wrongdoing or harm
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