Solution Manual For Sports Medicine Essentials Core Concepts in Athletic Training & Fitness Instruct

Solution Manual For Sports Medicine Essentials Core Concepts in Athletic Training & Fitness Instruction 4th Edition

by Jim Clover Chapters 1-24

Chapter 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 Completion................................................................................................................................................ 1 Matching ................................................................................................................................................... 3 True/False ................................................................................................................................................. 3 Short Answer ............................................................................................................................................ 3 Writing Application .................................................................................................................................. 4

CHAPTER 1 COMPLETION 1.

What are the two careers listed in Chapter 1 that interest you the most and why?

Answer: Answers may vary. Examples:

2.

a.

certified athletic trainer

b.

strength and conditioning specialist

Using the following list, select the career possibilities that are considered ―entry-level‖ and could be started after completion of a CTE sports medicine class.

Answer: Underlined.  sales of health care supplies and services  family physician  physical therapy aide  orthopedic surgeon  strength and conditioning specialist  schoolteacher  nutritionist  medication technician  certified athletic trainer  coach  physical therapist  personal trainer

           3.

sports medicine administrator chiropractor chiropractic aide first aid provider physician assistant physical therapy assistant entrepreneur in the health care industry retail sales of sporting goods retail sales in a health care supply store strength coach health club sales and marketing

List seven personal characteristics of successful professional in the healthcare field.

Answer: Answers may vary. Examples: 1. people skills 2. communication skills 3. leadership skills 4. compassion 5. ability to follow directions 6. good listening skills 7. desire to learn

3a. Which of these characteristics/traits do you have? What personal characteristic do you feel is your weakest and why?

Answer: Answers may vary.

4.

Go online and research five unique programs, colleges, and/or universities you are interested in and list the specific programs they offer for a career of interest. What is the total cost of each of those programs?

Answer: Answers may vary. Students will need to look at web sites for the professions they want to pursue. For information on becoming an athletic trainer you can go to www.nata.org and search for a list of ―College Athletic Training Programs.‖ To become a physical therapist, you can go to a site such as physicaltherapy.about.com and search for ―Careers in Physical Therapy.‖ To research the costs of college, students would need to go to the web site of the college and find out the tuition and cost of housing, and estimate the costs of food, books, and other things such as transportation. For information on how to fund a college education, students can access web sites such as www.howtogetin.com and search under ―Paying for College.‖

5.

What will be the work schedules for three unique professions of interest? For example, an athletic trainer in a high school setting will be working events at night.

Answer: Answers will vary, depending on the chosen profession. Students should interview people in their chosen field for more information.

6.

What is the average annual salary you can expect to be paid for each ofthree professions of interest? List the profession and the average annual salary.

Answer: Answers may vary.

7.

Get online and research two opportunities to take prior to applying for an educational program of interest, that could assist in ―getting your foot in the door.‖ Answer: Answers may vary.

MATCHING 1.

Answer: E. Athletic Training

2.

Answer: C. Anatomy and Physiology

3.

Answer: F. Therapeutic modality

4.

Answer: G. Certifying organization for the athletic trainer

5.

Answer: D. ATS

6.

Answer: I. Strength and conditioning specialist

7.

Answer: B. Good listening skills

8.

Answer: J. Professional national organization of athletic training

9.

Answer: A. Physical fitness program

10. Answer: H. PPO insurance

TRUE/FALSE 1.

Answer: F

2.

Answer: T

3.

Answer: F

4.

Answer: T

5.

Answer: T

6.

Answer: T

7.

Answer: T

8.

Answer: T

9.

Answer: F

10. Answer: F

SHORT ANSWER 1.

List 10 classes you will need to complete and pass to enter the field of sports medicine.

Answer: Anatomy and physiology, biology, exercise physiology, kinesiology, biomechanics, pathology, medical conditions, therapeutic modalities, evaluation of injury and illness, therapeutic rehabilitation, nutrition, healthcare administration.

2.

What are the requirements to become a certified athletic trainer?

Answer: Earn a master’s degree from an CAATE accredited program and pass the BOC exam

3.

It is your first day on the job as an athletic training student aide at a local high school. What are some duties you can attend to right away to assist the athletic trainer and other staff?

Answer: Stock first aid kits and ice chests, clean the athletic training room, fill and deliver water containers for practices, greet athletes, and assist in record keeping/signing in procedures.

WRITING APPLICATION 1.

Envision your dream career. Write a paragraph and describe the details of your dream career. Questions to answer: Where do you work? What population do you work with? What are your work hours? What is your salary? What are your roles and responsibilities? Are there other any specific benefits?

Answer: Answers may vary. Students are encouraged to reflect on chapter material including salary, job duties, work setting, and any other work/life balances to describe their dream careers.

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide CLOVER & W ATSON, SPORTS MEDICINE ESSENTIALS , 4E, 2026, 9798214367989; CHAPTER 2:

TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 2 ..................................................................................................................................................... 5 Short Answer ............................................................................................................................................ 5 Multiple Choice ........................................................................................................................................ 6 Matching ................................................................................................................................................... 6 True/False ................................................................................................................................................. 7

CHAPTER 2 SHORT ANSWER 8.

Distinguish roles and responsibilities of each person in the sports medicine team and list the ethical roles and responsibilities of each member.

Answer: Answers may vary. Examples:

9.

1.

Team Physician- Establish an athlete’s care plan, must make decisions based on good judgment aside from biases.

2.

Athletic Trainer- Daily care and prevention of athletic injuries, communication with the sports medicine team, keeping medical information confidential, educate coaches, athletes, and parents.

3.

Coach- Display ethical behavior and provide a safe, unbiased, positive environment, role model to athletes.

4.

Athlete- Understand and comply with the team regulations and code of ethics.

5.

Parents/Guardians- Display ethical behavior, instilling values in their children, having good sportsmanship, and supporting their child’s participation.

Explain how the Patient’s Bill of Rights applies to an athlete’s health care plan.

Answer: The patient or athlete has a right to considerate and respectful care. The team member treating the athlete will educate the athlete during treatment procedures and discuss any medical consequences. Other answers may vary.

10. List three ways in which the sports medicine team can keep medical records confidential and comply with HIPAA. Answer: Answers may vary. Examples: a.

When discussing medical treatments, do not text information.

b.

When talking on the phone, be aware of who is in close proximity.

c.

Keep records safe and protected while traveling.

11. Name three reasons a parent or guardian might file a lawsuit.

Answer: Answers may vary.

12. Describe eight ways the Athletic Code of Ethics makes sports safer for athletes and prevents lawsuits.

Answer: Answers may vary.

13. List eight legal responsibilities of the sports medicine team.

Answer: a.

Knowledge of assessment and management of injuries

b.

Providing and maintaining safe and effective equipment and facilities

c.

Instructing an athlete in safety procedures

d.

Planning and executing emergency plans

e.

Providing medical assistance when needed

f.

Preventing an athlete from returning to participation when necessary

g.

Maintaining confidential medical records

h.

Mandated reporting

14. Identify and explain the three types of informed consent.

Answer: a.

verbal

b.

written

c.

implied

MULTIPLE CHOICE 11. Answer: D. All of the above 12. Answer: B. Not reporting illegal practices 13. Answer: D. An athlete quitting the team 14. Answer: B. Act of omission 15. Answer: A. The privacy of student education records

MATCHING 16. Answer: E. Risk Management 17. Answer: G. Negligence 18. Answer: D. Standard of care 19. Answer: A. Ethics 20. Answer: K. Litigation

21. Answer: C. Tort 22. Answer: I. Battery 23. Answer: B. Malpractice 24. Answer: F. Patient’s Bill of Rights 25. Answer: H. A reason for litigation 26. Answer: J. Safety Committee

TRUE/FALSE 27. Answer: T 28. Answer: T 29. Answer: F 30. Answer: T 31. Answer: F

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide CLOVER & W ATSON, SPORTS MEDICINE ESSENTIALS , 4E, 2026, 9798214367989; CHAPTER 3:

TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 3 ..................................................................................................................................................... 7 Multiple Choice ........................................................................................................................................ 7 True/False ................................................................................................................................................. 8 Short Answer ............................................................................................................................................ 9 Practicing your skills............................................................................................................................... 10

CHAPTER 3 MULTIPLE CHOICE 32. Answer: B. High temperature 33. Answer: B. Orange juice 34. Answer: A. If in 10 minutes after administering sugar, symptoms become worse 35. Answer: B. Individuals are cleared for all activity with no limitations

TRUE/FALSE 36. Answer: T 37. Answer: F 38. Answer: T 39. Answer: T 40. Answer: F

SHORT ANSWER 15. Untreated or unproperly managed diabetes can cause what health complications?

Answer: a.

Kidney failure

b.

Blindness

c.

Nerve damage

d.

Amputation

e.

Heart attack

f.

Stroke

16. What is the difference between diabetic coma and insulin shock?

Answer: Diabetic shock is extremely high blood sugar and insulin shock is extremely low blood sugar.

17. What role does insulin play in the body and what are the differences between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes?

Answer: Insulin is a hormone that is needed to allow glucose to enter into the cell. Type 1 is insulin-dependent, which means the body cannot make insulin, and Type 2 is non–insulin-dependent, which means it keeps the body from using insulin the way it should.

18. List the causes or triggers of an asthma attack.

Answer: a.

respiratory infection

b.

exercise

c.

emotional stress

d.

exposure to cold or dry weather

e.

breathing polluted air

f.

exposure to smoke

g.

breathing in allergy-causing substances

19. What are the symptoms of appendicitis?

Answer: a.

Lower right quadrant pain

b.

Nausea and vomiting

c.

Fever

d.

Diarrhea and constipation

20. What are the signs and symptoms of sickle-cell anemia and what are the three ways to treat it?

Answer: Symptoms include muscle pain, cramping, abnormal weakness, undue fatigue, or shortness of breath. Treatment includes calling 911, calming down andcooling the athlete and administering O2 if available.

PRACTICING YOUR SKILLS 1.

Practice the skills below and have a peer check-off in the column provided. When you are feeling confident, have your instructor check-off on the skill.

Answer: Answers may vary; all elements and criteria should be met in activity.

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide CLOVER & W ATSON, SPORTS MEDICINE ESSENTIALS , 4E, 2026, 9798214367989; CHAPTER 4:

TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 4 Workbook Review................................................................................................................... 10 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 10 Fill in the Blank ...................................................................................................................................... 10 Short Answer .......................................................................................................................................... 11 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 11 Assessment Skills Check-Off ................................................................................................................. 12

CHAPTER 4 WORKBOOK REVIEW TRUE/FALSE 41. Answer: T 42. Answer: F 43. Answer: T 44. Answer: F 45. Answer: F 46. Answer: T 47. Answer: T 48. Answer: F

FILL IN THE BLANK 49. Answer: primary survey

50. Answer: circulation, airway, breathing 51. Answer: history, observation, palpation, and special tests 52. Answer: active

SHORT ANSWER 21. List all records and files medical staff/coach/admin should have for all participants, at all times, to prepare for an emergency.

Answer: Answers may vary; all elements and criteria should be met.  Rosters for all participants  An EAP for all locations held for practice and games  Insurance forms for all athletes, student trainees, managers, and any student on the team  Physical form that includes a health history for all athletes, student trainees, managers, and any student on the team  Any ―special instructions‖ for all athletes, student trainees, managers, and any student on the team (for example, for an asthmatic athlete, the form would include information about medications, physician’s number in case of any questions, and any signs or symptoms to look for)  Emergency contact information forms of all athletes, student trainees, managers, and any student on the team 22. What are some of the checklist items in emergency planning that need to be addressed when traveling as a visiting team?

Answer: Answers may vary  Who is going to call 911?  Is there a different emergency phone number?  Who is the administrator at the game?  Do they have an ambulance on-site?  Who is the medical staff on-site, including team physician?  What is the address of the nearest hospital?  Where do EMS vehicles go to enter the location?  Where are the supplies such as an AED?  Is security available for crowd control and how are they contacted?

23. In HOPS, the O is Observation. List 7 signs or symptoms you could find when comparing the uninvolved side to the involved side.

Answer:  Swelling  Deformity  Discoloration  Bleeding  Scars  Muscle atrophy  Loss some range of motion

MATCHING 1.

Answer: M. Cyanosis

2.

Answer: A. PERL

3.

Answer: N. Mechanism of injury

4.

Answer: E. Secondary survey

5.

Answer: B. Log roll

6.

Answer: L. Coma

7.

Answer: H. Trainer’s Angel

8.

Answer: O. Primary survey

9.

Answer: F. Clammy

10. Answer: C. Ashen 11. Answer: G. HOPS 12. Answer: D. Active range of motion 13. Answer: I. Isolated injury assessment 14. Answer: K. Passive range of motion 15. Answer: J. Orientation

ASSESSMENT SKILLS CHECK-OFF 1.

Practice the skills below. When you are feeling confident, have your instructor check-off on the skill.

Answer: Answers may vary; all elements and criteria should be met in activity.

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide CLOVER & W ATSON, SPORTS MEDICINE ESSENTIALS , 4E, 2026, 9798214367989; CHAPTER 5:

TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 5 ................................................................................................................................................... 13 Word Choice ........................................................................................................................................... 13 Short Answer .......................................................................................................................................... 13 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 14 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 15

CHAPTER 5 WORD CHOICE 16. Answer: Single 17. Answer: Virus 18. Answer: Liver 19. Answer: Gloves 20. Answer: Prevent the spread of infection

SHORT ANSWER 24. List and briefly explain the six components of the infection cycle.

Answer: a. pathogen b.

reservoir host

c.

portal of exit

d.

route of transmission

e.

portal of entry

f.

susceptible host

25. List three of the four guidelines for reducing the risk of puncture wounds from contaminated needles or other sharp objects.

Answer: a. never manipulate a needle b.

dispose of needles in a puncture-resistant container

c.

never carry a needle with tips pointing toward someone else or yourself

d.

do not be careless when using a needle

26. Name five types of body fluids that require Universal Precautions.

Answer: a. blood b.

reproductive fluids

c.

vomit

d.

feces

e.

urine

27. What are three concerns regarding communicable diseases for those athletes who wrestle ?

Answer:

a.

MRSA

b.

Impetigo

c.

Ringworm

MATCHING 53. Answer: F. Universal precautions 54. Answer: H. AIDS 55. Answer: G. Aseptic 56. Answer: C. Hepatitis B 57. Answer: A. Pathogen 58. Answer: D. Clean technique 59. Answer: E. Sterile technique 60. Answer: B. Hepatitis A

TRUE/FALSE 61. Answer: T 62. Answer: T 63. Answer: T 64. Answer: T 65. Answer: T

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide CLOVER & W ATSON, SPORTS MEDICINE ESSENTIALS , 4E, 2026, 9798214367989; CHAPTER 6:

TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 6 Workbook Review................................................................................................................... 15 Short Answer .......................................................................................................................................... 15 Fill in the Blank ...................................................................................................................................... 16 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 17 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 17 Practicing Your Skills ............................................................................................................................. 17 Labeling .................................................................................................................................................. 18

CHAPTER 6 WORKBOOK REVIEW SHORT ANSWER 28. Define homeostasis and give 3 examples.

Answer: Answers may vary 29. What are the pulse rates for the following?

Answer: a. Normal pulse rate: 60–80 b.

Tachycardia pulse rate: over 100

c.

Bradycardia pulse rate: below 60

d.

Trained athlete’s pulse rate: below 60

30. List five locations a pulse can be felt on the body and describe each.

Answer: a. temporal artery b.

brachial artery

c.

femoral artery

d.

popliteal artery

e.

dorsalis pedis artery

31. Name the two different types of temperature scales used to assess a patient’s temperature.

Answer: a. Oral b.

Tympanic member

32. List five risks associated with excess weight and fat.

Answer: a. cardiovascular disease b.

decreased life expectancy

c.

poor circulation

d.

increased risk of diabetes

e.

increased stress on joints

33. A thready pulse may indicate what four possible conditions.

Answer: a. shock b.

bleeding

c.

diabetic coma

d.

heat exhaustion

34. List four things that can contribute to an elevated pulse rate.

Answer: a. caffeine b.

dehydration

c.

stress

d.

tobacco

FILL IN THE BLANK 21. Answer: Exercise, lower 22. Answer: Brachial artery 23. Answer: Hypothalamus

24. Answer: 98.6 F

TRUE/FALSE 66. Answer: T 67. Answer: T 68. Answer: F 69. Answer: F 70. Answer: F 71. Answer: F 72. Answer: T 73. Answer: F 74. Answer: F 75. Answer: T

MATCHING 76. Answer: B. Pulse 77. Answer: D. Respiration 78. Answer: F. Homeostasis 79. Answer: A. Blood pressure 80. Answer: C. Core temperature 81. Answer: E. Vital signs 82. Answer: H. Hypertension 83. Answer: N. O2 Saturation 84. Answer: J. Systolic blood pressure 85. Answer: G. Diastolic blood pressure 86. Answer: I. Hypotension 87. Answer: M. Tachycardia 88. Answer: K. Veins 89. Answer: L. Arteries

PRACTICING YOUR SKILLS 1.

Practice taking the vital signs of five classmates and record your findings in your chart. Remember to record the characteristics associated with each vital sign, not just the numeric value.

Answer: Answers may vary; all elements and criteria should be met in activity.

LABELING From top to bottom 90. Answer: Temporal artery 91. Answer: Carotid artery 92. Answer: Brachial artery 93. Answer: Radial artery 94. Answer: Femoral artery 95. Answer: Popliteal artery 96. Answer: Dorsal pedis artery

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS Workbook Review..................................................................................................................................... 18 Short Answer .......................................................................................................................................... 18 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 19 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 19 Fill in the Blank ...................................................................................................................................... 19 Fill in the Chart ....................................................................................................................................... 20

CHAPTER 7 SHORT ANSWER 1. What is the purpose of basic life support?

Answer: Prompt recognition of breathing difficulties and/or cardiac arrest and the appropriate emergency treatment.

2. What are the pulse rates for the following?

Answer: Stop: Pause for a moment and look for any obvious hazards.

Environment: Account for any environmental barriers or dangers in the area.

Traffic: Be extremely careful when providing first aid near a roadway.

Unknown hazards: Be aware of unknown hazards that were not initially apparent. The rescuer may have to retreat from the scene.

Protect Yourself and the Patient: Using gloves and breathing barriers is important because

infectious diseases can be transmitted through open cuts or sores of the skin and the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, and eyes.

3. What are signs of agonal breathing and what is the correct life-saving procedure.

Answer: A weak or irregular gasping, gurgling, or snorting sound can indicate cardiac arrest, care is CPR with AED. 4. In your own words, describe how you would go about removing a foreign body from the airway of a conscious person and an unconscious person.

Answer:  conscious: obstructed airway maneuver  unconscious: modified CPR with finger sweep 5. What are the three signs that someone needs CPR? Answer: If the person is unresponsive, not breathing or only gasping, has no pulse or you are unsure about a pulse.

MATCHING 97. Answer: D. Log roll 98. Answer: A. Trachea 99. Answer: E. AED 100.

Answer: F. Obstructed airway maneuver 101.

Answer: B. Supine 102.

Answer: G. Sudden Cardiac Arrest 103.

Answer: C. CPR 104.

Answer: J. Back of tongue 105.

Answer: H. Head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver

TRUE/FALSE 106. Answer: T. 107. Answer: F. 108. Answer: T. 109. Answer: T. 110. Answer: F. 111. Answer: T. 112. Answer: F. 113. Answer: F.

FILL IN THE BLANK 25. Answer: Automated external defibrillator 26. Answer: Sudden cardiac arrest 27. Answer: Respiration, pulse

28. Answer: Implied consent

FILL IN THE CHART 1. Answer: Breathing 2. Answer: Supine 3. Answer: Carotid 4. Answer: Center 5. Answer: Breathing 6. Answer: 2 7. Answer: 120 8. Answer: Head 9. Answer: 1 10. Answer: Naloxone 11. Answer: Airway 12. Answer: Look

Solution and Answer Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS Workbook Review..................................................................................................................................... 20 Short Answer .......................................................................................................................................... 20 Multiple Choice ...................................................................................................................................... 22 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 22

CHAPTER 7 WORKBOOK REVIEW SHORT ANSWER 6. List and describe the three ways in which the body cools itself.

Answer: convection, radiation, and evaporation 7. Explain the difference between hypothermia and frostbite.

Answer: Hypothermia is total body cooling when the core temperature drops below 95 F and frostbite is freezing of the tissues.

8. Describe the difference between ―water resistant‖ and ―waterproof‖ sunscreen.

Answer: Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers a product ―water-resistant‖ if it maintains its SPF level after 40 minutes of water exposure. A product is considered ―waterproof‖ if it maintains its SPF level following 80 minutes of exposure to water.

9. Describe the symptoms of different levels of environmental heat stress.

Answer: Heat cramps- painful spasms of skeletal muscle Heat exhaustion- headache, dizziness, hyperventilation, dilated pupils, nausea, vomiting, clammy skin, profuse sweating Heat stroke- confusion or disorientation, collapse or loss of consciousness, high body temperature, temperature usually exceeds 104°F, hot, dry skin, the skin may feel hot and appear red or gray, and sweating may stop, feeling extremely hot, vomiting, diarrhea, or even having seizures.

10. List 10 factors that could limit the body’s ability to cool itself.

Answer: a. inadequate heat acclimatization b. inadequate fitness level c. higher body fat, dehydration d. illness or fever e. presence of gastrointestinal distress f. salt deficiency g. inadequate meals or insufficient energy intake h. skin conditions (e.g., sunburn, skin rash, abrasions, infections, etc.) i. ingestion of medications or dietary supplements j. overly motivated athletes and athletes reluctant to report problems 11. List 10 ways to prevent heat illness from occurring.

Answer: a. Record each athlete’s weight before and after practice b. Check the percentage of body fat for each athlete. c. Check the weather forecast for the area before practice and competition. d. Use acclimatization strategies to help the athletes become accustomed to temperature and environmental conditions that may change between in- and off-season. e. Select practice clothing and summer or winter uniforms in accordance with the temperature and humidity of that particular day. f. Make sure athletes change shirts that become soaked with sweat g. Have athletes avoid caffeine, alcohol, and carbonated beverages. h. Be sure the athletes replenish every lost pound with 20 ounces of fluid.

i. j.

Be sure athletes to drink fluids before exercising: 17 to 20 ounces 2 to 3 hours before and 7 to 10 ounces 10 to 20 minutes before. During exercise, have athletes drink 7 to 10 ounces of fluid every 10 to 15 minutes; always keep water available.

An athlete with a fever is more susceptible to heat problems because the body’s core has increased temperature, modify activity

12. The AQI monitors what five air pollutants?

Answer: a. Ground-level ozone b. Particle pollution (particulates) c. Carbon monoxide

MULTIPLE CHOICE 29. Answer: D. 2% 30. Answer: B. Cold water immersion 31. Answer: A. 90 F 32. Answer: D. All of the above

TRUE/FALSE 114. Answer: T. 115. Answer: T. 116. Answer: T. 117. Answer: F. 118. Answer: F. 119. Answer: F. 120. Answer: F. 121. Answer: F. 122. Answer: T.

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS Workbook Review..................................................................................................................................... 23 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 23

Fill in the Blank ...................................................................................................................................... 23 Short Answer .......................................................................................................................................... 23 Superficial Injuries .................................................................................................................................. 25 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 26 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 26 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 26

CHAPTER 9 MATCHING 123. Answer: F. Organ 124. Answer: G. Abrasion 125. Answer: C. Puncture wound 126. Answer: A. Blister 127. Answer: H. Contusion 128. Answer: B. Rotation 129. Answer: E. Adduction 130. Answer: D. Abduction 131. Answer: K. Strain 132. Answer: j. Tendonitis 133. Answer: I. Ligament

FILL IN THE BLANK 33. Answer: Cytoplasm, protoplasm 34. Answer: Tetanus 35. Answer: Incisions 36. Answer: Blisters, calluses 37. Answer: Dressings, bandages 38. Answer: Subluxation 39. Answer: Pressure points 40. Answer: Femur, humerus 41. Answer: Capillaries, veins, arteries 42. Answer: Oblique

SHORT ANSWER 1. List the parts of striated skeletal muscle.

Answer: There are two points of attachment: the point of origin and the point of insertion. The point of origin is the end where movement does not occur. The point of insertion is the end where movement occurs. Skeletal muscles are attached to bones by tendons, a very strong, fibrous connective tissue that acts as an anchor.

2. Describe the differences of mild, moderate, and severe strains.

Answer: a. Mild strains are often caused by muscle spasm. Presents with local pain with contraction, decrease in ROM and point tenderness. b. Moderate strains presents with contraction, a snap sound can be heard, delayed discoloration, point tenderness, moderate swelling, moderate to severe loss of function, possible muscle spasms. c. Severe strain is a complete tear of the muscle, presents with a decrease or increase in ROM, severe loss of function, palpable defect in the, a snap may be heard or felt.

3. Describe the differences of mild, moderate, and severe sprains.

Answer: a. First degree sprain presents with mild point tenderness and mild loss of function, no joint laxity, no decrease in ROM b. Second degree sprain presents with swelling, tenderness, decreased ROM, moderate loss of function. c. Third degree sprain, full tear, presents with a complete loss of function, abnormal motion, possible deformity, local tenderness, swelling, severe joint laxity.

4. List the eight principles that should be applied when treating any type of wound.

Answer: a. Always wear gloves. b. Control bleeding. c. Prevent infection. d. Cleanse the wound. e. Immobilize the injured part. f. Apply ice (but not for snakebite). g. Handle the wound gently. h. Have a physician rule out infections.

5. What is the difference between a strain and a sprain. What would be the acute care (immediately after the injury) for each, and would there be a difference?

Answer: Strain is an overstretching of muscle or nearby structures like the fascia or tendon.

Immediate treatment is to use the ICE (ice, compression, elevation) technique. Mild strains should be stretched before exercise. Severe strains may require surgery to repair the muscle tear.

Sprains are the overstretching or tearing of ligaments or other connective tissues. Symptoms include tenderness, decreased range of motion, swelling, and, for more severe injuries, joint laxity. Treatment is the PRICE (protect, rest, ice, compress, elevate) technique.

6. List the four basic parts of the long bones.

Answer: a. diathesis, the long shaft b. epiphyses, the ends of the long shaft c. medullar canal, the cavity in the shaft that is filled with marrow d. endosperm, the lining of the canal that keeps the marrow intact 7. Explain the ―I‖ in the ICE protocol in detail.

Answer: Ice the surrounding tissues immediately for 20 minutes, followed by an hour, during which the ice is off. Repeat this cycle for a 24- to 72-hour period during waking hours or until the swelling subsides.

SUPERFICIAL INJURIES Name of Injury

Immediate Treatment

Follow-up Treatment

Prevention

Laceration

Wash area with soap and water, and apply sterile compression dressing to stop bleeding.

Make sure any physician Athlete should wear protective orders are followed; monitor clothing and appropriate for any signs of infection. padding.

Puncture wound

Use taping to stabilize the object if it is still embedded; for smaller wounds, clean with soap and water; do not soak wood splinters.

Must be evaluated daily for signs and symptoms of infection.

Make sure the event or practice area is free from nails and other sharp objects.

Incisions

Pull the edges of the wound together using a sterile bandage or butterfly strips.

Change dressing daily.

Keep event and practice areas free of sharp objects; athletes should wear protective clothing.

Abrasion

Wash wound with antibacterial soap and deride with scrub brush; flush with water; apply dressing to avoid scab forming.

Change sterile pad each day; watch for signs of infection.

Athletes should wear clothing that protects the skin as much as possible.

Avulsion

Use compression with a sterile dressing to stop bleeding.

Change dressing daily and watch for signs and symptoms of infection.

Protect the body area with the highest potential for contact.

Calluses

Use a pumice stone on the calluses to file off the thick skin and to stop the problem that is causing friction.

Monitor callus to check that friction is reduced; apply lotion if callus hardens or cracks.

Use of a lubricant, such as SkinLube or Vaseline on the area of pressure.

Blisters

Clean area and place a donut pad around the blister to disperse the pressure to the area.

Try to eliminate the source of friction; monitor the affected area for signs of infection.

Remove source of friction using talcum powder; petroleum jelly or skin protection liquid; make sure shoes and socks fit properly.

Bites

Cleans thoroughly, and control any bleeding. Bites other than a mosquito bite should be examined by a physician.

Check area each day for symptoms of infection or blood poisoning.

Make sure athletes use an insect repellent that will help prevent mosquito bites.

Hematomas

Ice, compression, and elevation; apply ice for 20 minutes and remove ice for an hour, for first 24-72 hours.

Make sure the patient is seen by a physician.

Make sure all objects near the field of play are padded so that athletes are protected in case they hit the objects.

Name of Injury Contusion

Immediate Treatment

Follow-up Treatment

Prevention

Ice, compression, and elevation; apply ice for 20 minutes to constrict the blood vessels, and then remove the ice.

Continue treatment schedule and elevation during waking hours until the swelling has subsided.

Have athletes wear protective pads.

MATCHING 134. Answer: C. Fracture 135. Answer: B. Blow out 136. Answer: A. Greenstick 137. Answer: D. Stress 138. Answer: F. Impacted 139. Answer: G. Oblique 140. Answer: E. Transverse

TRUE/FALSE 141. Answer: F. 142. Answer: T. 143. Answer: T. 144. Answer: T. 145. Answer: T. 146. Answer: F. 147. Answer: F. 148. Answer: T. 149. Answer: T. 150. Answer: T. 151. Answer: T. 152. Answer: T.

MATCHING 153. Answer: H. Strain 154. Answer: G. Tendon 155. Answer: M. Sprain 156. Answer: I. Tendonitis 157. Answer: L. Ligament 158. Answer: P. Crepitation 159. Answer: Q. Joint laxity 160. Answer: N. Physiology 161. Answer: B. Myositis ossificans 162. Answer: E. Contusion 163. Answer: C. Articulation 164. Answer: A. Cell 165. Answer: T. Avulsion 166. Answer: O. Range of motion 167. Answer: D. Hematoma

168. Answer: K. Saddle joint 169. Answer: F. Anatomy 170. Answer: Z. Blister 171. Answer: W. Dislocation 172. Answer: AA. Bursitis 173. Answer: AC. Incision 174. Answer: AB. Synovitis 175. Answer: Y. Subluxation 176. Answer: J. Organ 177. Answer: R. Tissue 178. Answer: V. Callus 179. Answer: S. Laceration 180. Answer: U. Abrasion 181. Answer: X. Puncture wound

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS Workbook Review..................................................................................................................................... 27 Short Answer .......................................................................................................................................... 27 Real-Life Application ............................................................................................................................. 28 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 28 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 29

CHAPTER 10 SHORT ANSWER 8. An injury report and treatment record should be used for every type of injury that occurs. These forms are important because they document the injuries that have occurred and the treatment that has been provided. In your own words, please explain the three important reasons why injuries and treatments should be recorded.

Answer:

a. The reports may be used for legal reasons, such as helping prevent the school from being sued. b. The reports provide continuity, so that information is sent correctly from one person to another. c. The reports let the trainer see if any improvements can be made, so that there are fewer injuries.

9. What are some items you might carry for a track meet that you wouldn’t carry for a football game?

Answer: Blister kit, suntan lotion, different types of analgesics 10. What 2 items are available to carry in your kit if you are unable to wash your hands with soap and water?

Answer: a. hand sanitizer b. hand disinfectant wipes 11. What 3 items can be included in a first aid kit for outdoor sports?

Answer: a. Sunscreen b. Eye black c. Bug Spray 12. Name the five items that a compact, ready-made first aid kit for any non-ambulance vehicle should contain.

Answer: a. airway b. 4 x 4 sponge gauze c. gloves d. tape e. another item such as an EpiPen, Trainer’s Angel, or hydrogen peroxide

13. List the five forms that should be kept as part of your first aid kit.

Answer: a. injury report b. treatment record c. coach’s injury report d. physician’s report e. head injury and concussion information sheet

REAL-LIFE APPLICATION 182.

Answer: Answers may vary; all elements and criteria should be met in activity.

TRUE/FALSE 183. Answer: T. 184. Answer: T.

185. Answer: F. 186. Answer: F. 187. Answer: T. 188. Answer: T. 189. Answer: T. 190. Answer: F.

MATCHING 191. Answer: H. 192. Answer: D. 193. Answer: F. 194. Answer: A. 195. Answer: C. 196. Answer: G. 197. Answer: E. 198. Answer: A.

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS Workbook Review..................................................................................................................................... 29 Real-Life Application ............................................................................................................................. 29 Short Answer .......................................................................................................................................... 30 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 30 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 30

CHAPTER 11 REAL-LIFE APPLICATION 199.

Answer: Answers may vary; all elements and criteria should be met in activity.

SHORT ANSWER 14. List six possible uses of athletic adhesive tape.

Answer: Six possible uses of athletic adhesive tape include temporarily or permanently closing lacerations, preventing blisters, holding bandages in place, securing splints for small fractures, supporting bony anatomy, and restricting range of motion.

15. What are three ways to increase the tensile strength of tape?

Answer: Three ways to increase tape’s tensile strength are folding over the leading edge of the tape, twisting the tape into a cord, and layering the tape.

16. Name three common pitfalls encountered by inexperienced tapers.

Answer: a. Excessive pressure over bony prominences can cause ischemia or blisters b. Removing tape can be challenging, use a tape removal tool c. Tape folding making it difficult to tear

MATCHING 200. Answer: L. Prophylactic strapping 201. Answer: C. Backcloth 202. Answer: G. Tension 203. Answer: I. Synovitis 204. Answer: N. Tensile strength 205. Answer: E. Anchor Strip 206. Answer: A. Under-wrap 207. Answer: B. Ischemia 208. Answer: O. Bony prominences 209. Answer: K. Stirrup 210. Answer: D. Tendonitis 211. Answer: H. Circumferential taping/wrapping 212. Answer: F. Athletic tape 213. Answer: J. Optimal support 214. Answer: M. Medial

TRUE/FALSE 215. Answer: F. 216. Answer: T. 217. Answer: T. 218. Answer: F. 219. Answer: T. 220. Answer: F. 221. Answer: T.

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS Workbook Review..................................................................................................................................... 31 Short Answer .......................................................................................................................................... 31 Fill in the Blanks ..................................................................................................................................... 32 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 33 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 33 Labeling .................................................................................................................................................. 33

CHAPTER 12 SHORT ANSWER 1. List the two categories of the peripheral nervous system.

Answer: a. Somatic nervous system b. Autonomic nervous system

2. Describe how you would treat an athlete who is down on the field.

Answer:  Always treat athlete as if a head or neck injury exists.  Do primary assessment: note time if athlete is unconscious.  Keep nonessential people away if possible.  If athlete is conscious, ask them their name the team they plays on, how the injury occurred, whether there is any pain, and what type of pain.  Check eyes for pupil reaction.  Ask athlete if he can move hands and feet while otherwise lying still.  Watch for signs of progressive head or brain injury: nausea or vomiting, pupil reaction, level of consciousness.  Perform secondary survey, then isolated injury assessment.  If there is no damage to spinal cord and if it will not harm the injured area, have athlete sit up.  Have athlete stand (same precautions as above).  Observe athlete for hidden head or neck injuries.  Call EMS any time there is concern about the injury or your ability to treat it.

3. List five orientation questions you could ask an athlete with a possible head injury.

Answer:

a. b. c. d. e.

What is your name?

Do you know where you are?

Do you know what day it is?

Do you know what time it is?

Can you tell me what happened?

4. What is TBI? Answer: traumatic brain injury 5. Define kyphosis.

Answer: Kyphosis: commonly called humpback or hunchback; an exaggerated posterior convex curvature of the thoracic spine. A person with kyphosis has rounded shoulders, forward thrust of head, and possibly flat chest.

6. Define lordosis.

Answer: Lordosis: commonly called swayback; abnormal anterior convex curvature of the lumbar spine. A person with lordosis will have tightness in the lower back muscles and possibly weak abdominal muscles.

7. Define scoliosis.

Answer: Scoliosis: lateral curvature of the spine, which can be aggravated by some sports such as baseball and high jumping. A person with scoliosis may have unequal leg length and uneven shoulder height.

8. Compare and contrast spondylosis and spondylolisthesis.

Answer: Spondylolysis is a defect in the vertebrae caused by repeated stress from hyperextension. If the vertebrae slip forward as a result of this repeated stress, spondylolisthesis occurs.

9. What are the five sections of the vertebral column and how many vertebrae are in each section?

Answer: a. Cervical -7 b. Thoracic- 12 c. Lumbar- 5 d. Sacrum-1 e. Coccyx- 1

FILL IN THE BLANKS 222. Answer: a. Autonomic b. Parasympathetic c. Sympathetic d. Parasympathetic e. Somatic f. Sympathetic g. Sympathetic h. Parasympathetic i. Parasympathetic j. Sympathetic

223. Answer: Sclera, choroid coat, retina 224. Answer: Otitis externa, external ear canal 225. Answer: contusion, raccoon’s eyes 226. Answer: orbital fracture, direct 227. Answer: conjunctivitis 228. Answer: hyphema 229. Answer: sty 230. Answer: cartilage, nostrils 231. Answer: epistaxis 232. Answer: moist, sterile, dentist 233. Answer: brachial plexus injury

MATCHING 234. Answer: I. Contact sports 235. Answer: G. Radiating pain 236. Answer: J. Referred pain 237. Answer: H. Hemorrhage 238. Answer: F. Paralysis 239. Answer: B. Concussion 240. Answer: C. Vertebrae 241. Answer: A. Epistaxis 242. Answer: D. Second-impact syndrome 243. Answer: E. Central nervous system

TRUE/FALSE 244. Answer: F. 245. Answer: T. 246. Answer: T. 247. Answer: F. 248. Answer: F. 249. Answer: F. 250. Answer: T. 251. Answer: T. 252. Answer: F.

LABELING 253. Answer:

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS Workbook Review..................................................................................................................................... 35 Short Answer .......................................................................................................................................... 35 Fill in the Blanks ..................................................................................................................................... 35 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 35 More Matching........................................................................................................................................ 36 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 36 Assessment Check-Off............................................................................................................................ 36

CHAPTER 13 SHORT ANSWER 10. Name the nine anatomical movements of which the shoulder girdle is capable.

Answer: a. extension b. abduction c. adduction d. external rotation e. internal rotation f. horizontal abduction g. horizontal adduction h. circumduction i. flexion 11. Name the four muscles (SITS) that protect the glenohumeral joint.

Answer: Four muscles that protect the glenohumeral join: subscapularis, infraspinatus, teres minor, and supraspinatus (SITS).

12. List the test(s) used to evaluate the following injuries.

Answer: Shoulder fracture: percussion test, compression test Sprain: sulcus test, apprehension test, acromioclavicular sprain test, sternoclavicular sprain test Strain: drop arm test Impingement: Hawkins-Kennedy test, winged scapula test Tendonitis: Speed’s test

FILL IN THE BLANKS 254. Answer: humerus 255. Answer: scapula 256. Answer: rotator cuff 257. Answer: median, radial, ulnar 258. Answer: protect, rest, ice, compress, elevate 259. Answer: clavicle, acromion 260. Answer: sternum, clavicle 261. Answer: trapezius, rhomboids, serratus anterior, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major

MATCHING 262. Answer: G. Percussion test 263. Answer: D. Apprehension test 264. Answer: A. AC sprain test 265. Answer: H. SC sprain test 266. Answer: E. Drop arm test 267. Answer: F. Valgus test 268. Answer: C. Varus test 269. Answer: B. Tinel’s sign

MORE MATCHING 270. Answer: A. 271. Answer: D. 272. Answer: B. 273. Answer: F. 274. Answer: E. 275. Answer: I. 276. Answer: C. 277. Answer: J. 278. Answer: H. 279. Answer: G. 280. Answer: K.

TRUE/FALSE 281. Answer: T. 282. Answer: F. 283. Answer: T. 284. Answer: T. 285. Answer: T.

ASSESSMENT CHECK-OFF 286.

Answer: Answers may vary; all elements and criteria should be met in activity.

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS Workbook Review..................................................................................................................................... 37 Short Answer .......................................................................................................................................... 37 Who Am I? .............................................................................................................................................. 38

Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 39 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 39 Assessment Check-Off............................................................................................................................ 39

CHAPTER 14 SHORT ANSWER 13. Name the two major circulatory systems.

Answer: a. pulmonary circulation, which transports blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart b. systemic circulation, which distributes blood to all other parts of the body 14. What is coronary circulation?

Answer: Coronary circulation is movement of blood through the heart.

15. Name the three layers of tissue that make up the heart.

Answer: a. endocardium b. myo0cardium c. epicardium 16. What is the function of the erythrocytes?

Answer: Erythrocytes are red blood cells. Their function is to carry oxygen.

17. Name the five different types of blood vessels in the body.

Answer: a. arteries b. arterioles c. capillaries d. venules e. veins 18. List all the structures in the body that blood travels through, beginning with the two venae cavae.

Answer: a. superior vena cava h. left pulmonary veins b. inferior vena cava i. left atrium c. right atrium j. bicuspid (mitral) valve d. tricuspid valve k. left ventricle e. right ventricle l. aortic valve f. pulmonary valve m. aorta g. left pulmonary artery 19. What are the functions of the lungs?

Answer: The lungs bring oxygen to the bloodstream and excrete carbon dioxide from the blood.

20. Describe the process of inspiration and expiration.

Answer: The process of breathing air into the lungs is inspiration or inhalation. During inspiration, the intercostals (rib) muscles relax and the diaphragm contracts. As a result the chest cavity increases in size. Pressure in the lungs decreases and air flows in. The lungs expand to accommodate the air that has been inhaled. In the process called cellular respiration, the cells use oxygen and the waste product carbon dioxide is produced. At this point expiration takes place when the respiratory center in the medulla oblongata (lower brain stem) receives a message about the increasing level of carbon dioxide in the alveoli from the blood. The brain then sends impulses to the intercostal muscles, causing them to contract and the diaphragm to relax. The diaphragm moves up, which forces carbon dioxide out of the lungs through the air passage.

21. What is the difference between a pneumothorax and a hemothorax?

Answer: A pneumothorax occurs when air enters the space between the pleurae lining the chest wall and those covering the lung, either from a rupture in the lung or penetration through the chest wall from the outside atmosphere. The resulting change in pressure can collapse the lung. A hemothorax occurs when blood collects between the lungs and the chest wall in the pleural cavity.

22. How would you treat an athlete who is hyperventilating after running an 800-meter race?

Answer: To treat an athlete who is hyperventilating after running an 800-meter race, you would reassure the athlete, then have her try to control and slow her rate of breathing. If the athlete can’t do this, EMS needs to be called.

23. What is flail chest?

Answer: Flail chest occurs when two or more fractures on two or more adjacent ribs make the chest unstable, resulting in respiratory movements of the chest the opposite of those expected.

24. What is the treatment for a chest contusion?

Answer: Ice and compression, monitor for signs of shock and hyperventilation.

25. What are the symptoms for a spleen injury?

Answer: Pain in the left upper quadrant, signs of shock, and low blood pressure, Kehr’s sign pain to the left shoulder.

WHO AM I? 287. Answer: lungs 288. Answer: ribs 289. Answer: pharynx 290. Answer: larynx 291. Answer: pus 292. Answer: lungs 293. Answer: thyroid-cartilage 294. Answer: sino-atrial node 295. Answer: spleen 296. Answer: liver 297. Answer: pancreas

MATCHING 298. Answer: R. Coronary circulation 299. Answer: I. Lungs 300. Answer: A. Hernia 301. Answer: O. Atria 302. Answer: N. Pneumothorax 303. Answer: J. Aorta 304. Answer: S. Ventricles 305. Answer: L. Flail chest 306. Answer: W. Thrombocyte 307. Answer: G. Adipose tissue 308. Answer: C. Hemothorax 309. Answer: M. Arteries 310. Answer: F. Shock 311. Answer: T. Liver 312. Answer: H. Pulmonary circulation 313. Answer: E. Kidney 314. Answer: U or K. Pancreas 315. Answer: B. Hyperventilation 316. Answer: P. Veins 317. Answer: Q. Systemic circulation 318. Answer: V. Hemoglobin 319. Answer: K. or U. Pancreas 320. Answer: D. Alveoli

TRUE/FALSE 321. Answer: F. 322. Answer: F. 323. Answer: T. 324. Answer: F. 325. Answer: T. 326. Answer: T. 327. Answer: T. 328. Answer: F. 329. Answer: T. 330. Answer: T. 331. Answer: T. 332. Answer: T. 333. Answer: F. 334. Answer: T. 335. Answer: F.

ASSESSMENT CHECK-OFF 336. Answer: Answers may vary; all elements and criteria should be met in activity.

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS Workbook Review..................................................................................................................................... 37 Short Answer .......................................................................................................................................... 37 Who Am I? .............................................................................................................................................. 38 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 39 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 39 Assessment Check-Off............................................................................................................................ 39

CHAPTER 15 WORKBOOK REVIEW ASSESSMENT OF LOWER EXTREMITY INJURIES 337.

Answer: Answers may vary; all elements and criteria should be met in activity.

FILL IN THE BLANKS 338. Answer: hip, thigh, knee, lower leg, foot 339. Answer: ligaments, tendons, muscles 340. Answer: femur, articulate, articulates, patella 341. Answer: femur, femoral neck 342. Answer: hamstrings, extends, flexes, quadriceps 343. Answer: femur, femoral neck 344. Answer: hamstrings, extends, flexes, quadriceps

WHAT KNEE INJURY AM I? 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Answer: Patellar fracture Answer: Patellar dislocation Answer: ACL sprain Answer: MCL sprain Answer: Patella tendonitis Answer: Osgood Schlatter’s disease Answer: IT band syndrome

345. Answer: Chondromalacia patellae

SHORT ANSWER 1. List the four different types of sprains that can occur in the knee.

Answer: The four knee sprains are medial collateral ligament, anterior cruciate ligament, lateral collateral ligament, and posterior cruciate ligament.

2. The gluteals consist of what three muscles?

Answer: The gluteals consist of the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus.

MATCHING 346. Answer: O. Thomas test 347. Answer: M. Ober’s test 348. Answer: G. Trendelenburg test 349. Answer: J. Charley horse 350. Answer: L. Sprain 351. Answer: A. Strain 352. Answer: H. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) 353. Answer: I. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) 354. Answer: B. Medical collateral ligament (MCL) 355. Answer: N. Varus stress test 356. Answer: D. Lachman test 357. Answer: E. Valgus force 358. Answer: K. Posterior drawer test 359. Answer: C. McMurray test 360. Answer: F. Osgood-Schlatter disease

TRUE/FALSE 361. Answer: F. 362. Answer: T. 363. Answer: T. 364. Answer: F. 365. Answer: T. 366. Answer: T. 367. Answer: F. 368. Answer: T. 369. Answer: T. 370. Answer: T. 371. Answer: F. 372. Answer: F.

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS Workbook Review..................................................................................................................................... 42 Short Answer .......................................................................................................................................... 42 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 43 More Matching........................................................................................................................................ 43 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 44

CHAPTER 16 SHORT ANSWER 3. List the four circumstances that would require a physician’s consent before an athlete can return to play.

Answer: Circumstances that would require a physician’s consent include head injuries, spinal injuries, trauma to internal organs, and any injury or illness for which an athlete was referred to the physician.

4. List the five steps involved in performing a return-to-play assessment of the upper extremity.

Answer: a. Ask the athlete to perform arm and wrist circles, to flex and extend both elbows, and to raise the arms over the head (see Figure 16-5). This will demonstrate the athlete’s full, pain-free ROM. b. Ask the athlete to perform 10 push-ups (see Chapter 20). This will demonstrate the level of strength in the athlete’s upper extremities. c. Ask the athlete to catch an object tossed to the right, left, and midline. This will demonstrate the athlete’s reflex abilities. Again, the injured area may be taped or braced to try to help the athlete perform the above tasks. d. Ask if the athlete feels capable of returning to play or if there is anything that you, as the athletic trainer, should know before the athlete returns to competition. The athlete may not feel psychologically capable of participating. Something other than physical factors, such as family, romantic, or job- related problems, may be a part of the reason that the athlete does not feel up to participating. e. During the return to play, always consider a gradual return to full activity. Very seldom will the athlete go straight from injury to play. With this is mind, you may limit the athlete’s repetition of certain drills or the intensity of segments of the practice. The athletic trainer will be looking to ensure that nothing the athlete does becomes a setback, increasing the athlete’s time off or making the injury worse.

5. How would you determine if an athlete is ready to return-to-play if the athlete has sustained a lower extremity injury?

Answer:  Have the athlete do 10 squats to test lower extremity strength.  Have the athlete walk forward and backward without a limp.  Have the athlete run backward and forward at half speed without limping.  Have the athlete run a figure-8 pattern without limping.  Have the athlete hop approximately 5 yards, first on the uninjured limb and then on the affected limb and evaluate for differences.  Have the athlete finally, ask the athlete about his physical and psychological readiness for returning to competition.

6. How would you determine if an athlete is ready to return-to-play if the athlete has sustained a back or trunk injury?

Answer:  Have athlete slowly bend and touch the toes, bend backward at the waist, and twist at the waist.  Apply slight resistance to the back as the athlete does toe touches and straightens.  Have athlete do 10 push-ups and perform 10 squats.  Have the athlete walk backward and forward without a limp, then run backward and forward at half speed without a limp.  Have the athlete run a figure-8 pattern without limping.  Have the athlete hop 5 yards first on the uninvolved side then on the involved side and compare for any differences.  Ask the athlete how she feels physically and psychologically and if she feels ready to return to competition.

MATCHING 373. Answer: B. Grimace 374. Answer: J. Acceptance 375. Answer: M. Depression 376. Answer: K. Restricted participation 377. Answer: L. Plateau 378. Answer: E. Mechanism of injury 379. Answer: O. Pain threshold 380. Answer: C. Apathy 381. Answer: I. Proactive 382. Answer: F. Psychological fitness 383. Answer: N. Coping mechanism 384. Answer: G. Prognosis 385. Answer: A. Diagnosis 386. Answer: H. Denial 387. Answer: D. Anger

MORE MATCHING 388. Answer: C. 389. Answer: D.

390. Answer: E. 391. Answer: B. 392. Answer: A.

TRUE/FALSE 393. Answer: T. 394. Answer: F. 395. Answer: F. 396. Answer: F. 397. Answer: T. 398. Answer: T. 399. Answer: T. 400. Answer: F. 401. Answer: F. 402. Answer: T.

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS Workbook Review..................................................................................................................................... 44 Short Answer .......................................................................................................................................... 44 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 46 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 46 More Matching........................................................................................................................................ 47

CHAPTER 17 SHORT ANSWER 7. Describe the muscle spasm/pain cycle.

Answer: The muscle spasm/pain cycle is a debilitating syndrome in which pain caused by an injury produces muscle spasms that increase the pain and spasms in a cyclical manner.

8. Name three important factors to consider when selecting a modality to treat an injury or disease.

Answer: Three factors to consider when selecting a modality include: a. Is this modality safe for this type of injury? b. Will use of this modality contribute significantly to the rehabilitation process and to the person’s total recovery? c. Is the person applying the modality trained and authorized to use it safely and effectively?

9. Compare and contrast thermotherapy and cryotherapy.

Answer: Both are therapeutic modalities that use temperature to manipulate circulation in the muscle tissues. Thermotherapy uses heat to do this, while cryotherapy uses cold.

10. Name the three phases of sensation experienced by a patient undergoing cryotherapy.

Answer: Sensations felt by a patient undergoing cryotherapy are: a. a cold sensation that lasts 0 to 3 minutes b. a mild burning and aching that lasts 2 to 7 minutes c. relative numbness that lasts 5 to 12 minutes 11. List 12 guidelines for electrical modalities.

Answer:  Follow physician or therapist orders.  Make sure equipment is in safe working order, and properly grounded.  Explain procedure to patient.  Expose area to be treated.  Cleanse area with soap and water or alcohol and dry thoroughly.  Place electrode pads according to manufacturer instructions.  Avoid prolonged point contact while using ultrasound.  Follow all manufacturer’s instructions for equipment use.  Turn treatment channel or channels off before carefully removing adhesive electrodes from the skin.  Leave treatment area clean.  Follow manufacturer’s instructions for cleaning and maintenance, to prevent injection and ensure safe use.  Never use this modality on an open wound.  Do not use on a patient with a pacemaker without physician approval.  Avoid high-fluid areas of the body—the eyes, ears, genitals, brain, spinal cord, and heart.  Avoid using over the carotid arteries.  Never use them on the trunk of a pregnant patient. Use on the extremities is permitted only by physician approval.  Stop if the procedure increases the patient’s pain.

12. List five guidelines for thermotherapy.

Answer:  Never apply heat to an area that has loss of sensation.  Do not apply heat immediately after an injury.  Never apply heat directly to eyes or genitalia.

 Never apply heat to abdomen if there is possibility of pregnancy.  Never apply heat to open wound, burn, or area of malignancy; apply to infected areas only with physician’s OK.  Do not use on patients with history of reduced thermal regulation or diabetes.  Monitor time thermotherapy is applied and use appropriate padding.

13. List four guidelines for cryotherapy.

Answer:  Never apply cold on an open wound without protective covering.  Never apply cold to anesthetized skin.  Except for vapo-coolant sprays, do not apply to patients with decreased circulation, diabetes, or cardiac conditions.  Monitor for signs of cold allergy, or Raynaud’s phenomenon.  Monitor time of treatment. Applications should not exceed 30 minutes.

14. List the five different types of massage.

Answer: a. effleurage b. pétrissage c. deep friction d. tapotement e. vibration

MATCHING 403. Answer: M. Thermotherapy 404. Answer: K. Ultrasound 405. Answer: H. Traction 406. Answer: O. Conversion 407. Answer: E. Radiation 408. Answer: A. Conduction 409. Answer: C. Evaporation 410. Answer: L. Phonophoresis 411. Answer: G. IFS 412. Answer: I. Hydrocollator packs 413. Answer: D. Fluidotherapy 414. Answer: B. Cryotherapy 415. Answer: N. Raynaud’s phenomenon 416. Answer: J. Paraffin bath 417. Answer: F. Ice pack

TRUE/FALSE 418. Answer: F. 419. Answer: F. 420. Answer: T. 421. Answer: T. 422. Answer: T. 423. Answer: T. 424. Answer: F.

425. Answer: T. 426. Answer: F. 427. Answer: F. 428. Answer: T. 429. Answer: T. 430. Answer: T. 431. Answer: T. 432. Answer: T. 433. Answer: T. 434. Answer: T. 435. Answer: T. 436. Answer: F. 437. Answer: T.

MORE MATCHING 438. Answer: A. 439. Answer: B. 440. Answer: B. 441. Answer: A. 442. Answer: C. 443. Answer: D. 444. Answer: C. 445. Answer: D. 446. Answer: B. 447. Answer: C. 448. Answer: D. 449. Answer: C. 450. Answer: A.

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS Workbook Review..................................................................................................................................... 48 Short Answer .......................................................................................................................................... 48 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 49 Applications of Abbreviations ................................................................................................................ 50

Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 50

CHAPTER 18 SHORT ANSWER 15. List the different people who make up the rehabilitation team.

Answer: The people who make up the rehabilitation team include:  physician  physical therapist  athletic trainer  fitness instructor  physical therapist assistant  physical therapy aide  patient’s family  patient’s teammates  patient 16. What four steps should you take to make a patient comfortable?

Answer: a. Make sure facility is clean, bright, and organized. b. Make sure every patient is welcomed with a smile and made to feel like an important part of the rehabilitation team. c. Provide patients with a sense of privacy. d. Make sure the therapeutic atmosphere reflects the mind set of the patients it serves.

17. Describe the first session in any rehabilitation program.

Answer: The first session in any rehabilitation program should begin with a patient history so that everyone is aware of the patient’s diagnosis and any other relevant information. At this session the patient should understand what will happen in rehabilitation and should feel motivated or confident that it is possible to complete the session and treatment. The first session should also include assessment of the patient, including joint assessment and range-of-motion measurements.

All this information should be documented and from this information a plan is developed.

18. Name the six goals for Phase I of physical rehabilitation.

Answer: Decrease blood flow to the tissues to help control inflammation, pain, and swelling. a. Protect the injured area to prevent further damage. b. Evaluate strength, range of motion, and edema present. c. Maintain strength and flexibility in the injured area as well as the rest of the body to prevent additional loss of function. d. Educate the patient about safe and effective ways to strengthen the injured area while at home; caution against activities that could cause more injury. e. Use motivation techniques to increase patient confidence.

19. Name the seven goals for Phase II of physical rehabilitation.

Answer: Evaluate strength, girth, and range of motion and compare to Phase I measurement. a. Increase functional use of injured area after pain and swelling are reduced. b. Increase bloodflow before strengthening. c. Continue to decrease pain and edema. d. Begin gait training and improve weight-bearing abilities for lower-extremity injuries. e. Increase ADLs as appropriate, taking care to avoid additional injury. f. Continue to motivate patient to increase confidence and self-esteem.

20. Name the six goals for Phase III of physical rehabilitation.

Answer: a. Increase endurance, strength, and flexibility in injured area as close as possible to preinjury levels. b. Teach patient how to use therapeutic properties of heat and cold in home treatment. c. Prepare patient to return to work and/or sports. d. Evaluate strength, girth, and range of motion, and compare to previous phases. e. Enhance patient’s coordination and balance skills through exercise and therapeutic modalities. f. Help patient develop a plan to meet fitness and nutritional needs.

21. List two examples of subjective findings.

Answer: Answers may vary 22. List two examples of objective findings.

Answer: Answers may vary 23. List two examples of assessment notes.

Answer: Answers may vary 24. List two examples of plan notes.

Answer: Answers may vary

TRUE/FALSE 451. Answer: T. 452. Answer: F. 453. Answer: F. 454. Answer: T. 455. Answer: T. 456. Answer: F. 457. Answer: T. 458. Answer: F. 459. Answer: T. 460. Answer: F. 461. Answer: T. 462. Answer: T. 463. Answer: F. 464. Answer: F. 465. Answer: T. 466. Answer: T.

467. Answer: T. 468. Answer: T. 469. Answer: F. 470. Answer: F.

APPLICATIONS OF ABBREVIATIONS 471. Answer: SOAP Note 1

Hx: 16 y/o ♂ came to ATR after having HA and difficulty conc in class. He was playing basketball at practice last noc, lost balance, and fell hitting the post. head on the gym court floor.

He reported no LOC. Athlete remembers hitting his head and teammate giving him a hand to get up. This morning (1 hr ago) he was seen at school nurse’s office c/o difficulty conc in class, HA (7/10) and vomiting x2. No nausea/vomiting since. Now, HA is 5/10. Light makes it worse.

Objective: VS- Temp 98.6F, R 16, P 72, BP 128/80, HT 68 in., WT 132 lbs.

A & O x4, place and person. C/S: full ROM and no tenderness. No facial bruising. 5/5 RROM in all EXT. - for visual changes and PERL. No difficulty with walking or balance.

Assessment: Concussion, ŝ LOC. Plan: Refer to MD for eval and written instructions for further treatment. Athlete will f/u c ATC with written instructions and Dx. 472.

Answer: SOAP Note 1 Hx: A 36 y/o ♀ fell stepping off a curb while at work. She did not recall the specifics of her injury, but she thinks that her R ft Inv. She c/o LAT pn (6/10) in the R ankle. She describes no other injury currently. She works full-time and is worried about returning to work due to limited walking ability.

Objective: VS- Temp 97.8F, BP 122/74, P 76, R 24, HT 64 in., WT 250 lbs.

B knees appear to be non-traumatic with no deformity or significant tenderness. The R ankle has some swelling inferior to the R LAT malleolus and the dorsal part of the ft is tender. There is  ROM and some mild bruising noted around the ankle.

Assessment: R ankle sprain.

Plan: Begin phase I ther ex & modalities to  swelling and  ROM. Consider bracing R ankle while at work and using crutches prn. ADLs to tolerance.

MATCHING 473. Answer: K. Motivation 474. Answer: G. Goniometer 475. Answer: I. Kyphosis 476. Answer: M. Genu valgum 477. Answer: J. Genu varum 478. Answer: L. WP

479. Answer: C. Posture 480. Answer: A. Progress notes 481. Answer: O. Plan 482. Answer: E. Crutches 483. Answer: F. Genu recurvatum 484. Answer: D. Body mechanics 485. Answer: B. Exercise modality 486. Answer: H. Tx 487. Answer: N. Perpendicular

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS Workbook Review..................................................................................................................................... 51 Completion/Short Answer ...................................................................................................................... 51 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 52 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 52

CHAPTER 19 COMPLETION/SHORT ANSWER 1. Search online for fitness-related jobs posted in your area. List job descriptions for 5 jobs listings.

Answer: Answers may vary; all elements and criteria should be met.

2. Make a list of five fitness apps and give a description of each.

Answer: Answers may vary; all elements and criteria should be met.

3. List 10 personal characteristics that are important to a strength and conditioning specialist.

Answer: a. knowledgeable in physical fitness b. caring c. motivating

d. punctual e. leadership skills f. a ―people person‖ g. pride in appearance h. good listening skills i. multi-tasking skills j. good communication skills

4. List five important things to consider about the first sessions with a client.

Answer: a. advance contact before the first session b. greet client with a handshake c. be on time d. dress appropriately e. be organized

MATCHING 488. Answer: D. 489. Answer: L. 490. Answer: A. 491. Answer: M. 492. Answer: I. 493. Answer: C. 494. Answer: J. 495. Answer: B. 496. Answer: O. 497. Answer: E. 498. Answer: H. 499. Answer: N. 500. Answer: K. 501. Answer: F. 502. Answer: G.

TRUE/FALSE 503. Answer: F. 504. Answer: T. 505. Answer: F. 506. Answer: T. 507. Answer: T. 508. Answer: F. 509. Answer: F. 510. Answer: F. 511. Answer: T. 512. Answer: T. 513. Answer: F.

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS Workbook Review..................................................................................................................................... 51 Completion/Short Answer ...................................................................................................................... 51 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 52 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 52

CHAPTER 20 FILL IN THE BLANK 514. Answer: Competitive fitness 515. Answer: General fitness

SHORT ANSWER 1. What lifestyle choices could impact a client’s ability to participate in a fitness program?

Answer: Answers may vary 2. Use the following fitness evaluation to organize and track the different elements of fitness evaluation and see how you respond to each. Have a friend help keep count and an instructor supervise each element.

Answer: Chart completion will vary.

3. The first of the following tables shows how to determine ideal mine your ideal weight and the ideal weights of two others.

Answer: Numbers will vary. Check math for accuracy.

4. Look at the ―Physical Assessment Form‖ in Chapter 20 of the text.

Answer: Physical Assessment Form

a. Find out the concerns and whether they present limitations to what you will have your clients do. If there are concerns, get written permission or authorization for the clients to participate in your program. b. If some clients have special equipment, find out if they need to wear it and any physical limitations it might cause. If they were under physician’s orders to wear the device, get something in writing so they can participate.

MATCHING 516. Answer: D. 517. Answer: H. 518. Answer: F. 519. Answer: A. 520. Answer: G. 521. Answer: B. 522. Answer: I. 523. Answer: E. 524. Answer: J. 525. Answer: C.

TRUE/FALSE 526. Answer: F. 527. Answer: T. 528. Answer: F. 529. Answer: T. 530. Answer: F. 531. Answer: F. 532. Answer: F. 533. Answer: F. 534. Answer: F. 535. Answer: T. 536. Answer: T. 537. Answer: T. 538. Answer: T.

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide

TABLE OF CONTENTS Workbook Review..................................................................................................................................... 55 Completion/Short Answer ...................................................................................................................... 55 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 56 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 57

CHAPTER 21 COMPLETION/SHORT ANSWER 1. Research 15 items that are common in your personal daily diet. Using the following table, write down their nutritional facts.

Answer: Answers may vary; all elements and criteria should be met.

2. Plan 5 days-worth of typical meals for yourself. Once your meals are planned, research the nutritional facts for each meal (breakfast, lunch, and dinner) listed below.

Answer: Answers may vary; all elements and criteria should be met in activity.

3. Now add up the calories you would have taken in each day.

Answer: Answers may vary 4. If you would have taken in more calories than you should have, write down activities and the lengths of time you would have to participate in those activities to burn off the extra calories.

Answer: Answers may vary 5. If you would have taken in more calories than you should have, write down activities and the lengths of time you would have to participate in those activities to burn off the extra calories.

Answer: Answers may vary 6. Describe a safe method to increase your weight.

Answer: A safe goal for gaining lean weight is 1/2 to 1 pound a week; 2,500 additional calories are required to gain 1 pound of muscle. This can be accomplished by increasing caloric intake by 350 calories per day. While you increase the calories, increase weight training to ensure the increased weight doesn’t go to fat gain.

7. Describe a safe method to decrease your weight.

Answer: The most successful strategy for weight loss includes calorie reduction (500 to 1,000 fewer calories per day) and increased physical activity of 30 minutes or more at a moderate intensity. The weight loss should not exceed 2 pounds per week (1 pound of body fat equals 3,500 calories).

8. Give an example of an appropriate pre-event meal.

Answer: Pre-event meal could include a big plate of pancakes, 4 hours before the event, or a small bowl of cereal with low-fat milk and juice 1 hour before the event. Make sure to drink 1 to 11/2 cups of rapidly absorbed fluid (water or sports drink) 10 to 15 minutes before exercise.

9. What eating disorder is characterized by bingeing on large amounts of food followed by purging (vomiting)?

Answer: bulimia nervosa 10. What eating disorder is characterized by refusal to eat a sufficient amount of food to maintain weight?

Answer: anorexia nervosa 11. Eating food helps the body perform what three essential functions?

Answer: a. Supplies energy b. Supports new tissue growth and repair c. Regulates metabolism 12. Name the two basic principles to follow when choosing foods that supply a healthy diet.

Answer: 1. Eat a variety of foods from each food group daily 2. Eat in moderation 13. List four foods that are composed of complex carbohydrates.

Answer: a. Bread b. Cereal c. Rice d. Beans 14. List the three complete protein foods that contain all the essential amino acids needed by the body.

Answer: a. meat b. Fish c. eggs 15. Name and give examples of the foods in the different food groups that make up Choose MyPlate.

Answer: a. Fruits- oranges, berries, watermelon b. Vegetables- broccoli, carrots, spinach c. Protein- fish, lean meats, eggs d. Grains- whole grain breads, pasta, rice e. Daily- low fat milk, yogurt

MATCHING 539. Answer: E. 540. Answer: H. 541. Answer: A. 542. Answer: O. 543. Answer: F. 544. Answer: I.

545. Answer: B. 546. Answer: J. 547. Answer: C. 548. Answer: G. 549. Answer: N. 550. Answer: K. 551. Answer: D. 552. Answer: M 553. Answer: L.

TRUE/FALSE 554. Answer: F. 555. Answer: F. 556. Answer: T. 557. Answer: T. 558. Answer: F. 559. Answer: T. 560. Answer: T. 561. Answer: T. 562. Answer: F. 563. Answer: F. 564. Answer: F.

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS Workbook Review..................................................................................................................................... 58 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 58 Short Answer .......................................................................................................................................... 58 Completion.............................................................................................................................................. 58 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 59

CHAPTER 22 MATCHING 565. Answer: K. 566. Answer: D. 567. Answer: J. 568. Answer: H. 569. Answer: I. 570. Answer: L. 571. Answer: C. 572. Answer: M. 573. Answer: B. 574. Answer: F. 575. Answer: E. 576. Answer: G. 577. Answer: A.

SHORT ANSWER 16. Name the three basic principles of weight training, and briefly compare and contrast each.

Answer: The three basic principles of weight training are overload principle (working muscles harder to increase strength); variation principle (changing the speed or intensity of exercise); and specificity principle (relationship between exercise and activity it is supposed to enhance).

17. Name the seven safety guidelines for weight training.

Answer: The seven safety guidelines for weight training are warm up/cool down, stretching, spotting, using collars, muscle balance, range of motion, and proper lifting form.

COMPLETION 1. Answer: Flexibility Exercises for Target Areas Body Part

Muscle Group

Stretching Exercise

Neck Chest Shoulders

sternocleidomastoids pectorals deltoids

Arms

a. triceps b. wrist flexors a. low back muscles b. low back to midback muscles c. hips/abdominals d. low back and gluteals e. hip flexors

Lateral neck stretch Chest stretch Anterior deltoid stretch Posterior deltoid stretch a. triceps stretch b. wrist stretch a. low back stretch, one knee and both knees b. cat stretch c. trunk extension/abdominals d. hip/trunk stretch e. hip flexor stretch

Trunk/hips

2. Answer: Body Strengthening Exercises for Target Areas Body Part

Muscle Group

Strengthening Exercise

Chest

pectorals

Shoulders

deltoids

Trunk/Hips

a. latissimus dorsi b. rhomboids c. trapezoids d. abdominals e. lower back f. hips

Legs

a. quadriceps, gluteals b. hamstrings c. gastrocnemius, soleus

a. incline bench press b. bench press c. chest fly a. bent-over row b. military press c. deltoid raise a. lat pull down b. bent-over row, seated row c. upright row d. sit-ups, leg curls, internal and external rotational trunk curls e. trunk extension f. hip adduction, abduction, flexion, extension, squat a. leg press, hack squat, squat b. leg curl c. heel raise

TRUE/FALSE 578. Answer: F. 579. Answer: T. 580. Answer: T. 581. Answer: F. 582. Answer: T. 583. Answer: T. 584. Answer: T. 585. Answer: F. 586. Answer: T. 587. Answer: T. 588. Answer: T. 589. Answer: F. 590. Answer: F.

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS Workbook Review..................................................................................................................................... 60 Fill in the Blank ...................................................................................................................................... 60 Multiple Choice ...................................................................................................................................... 60 Short Answer .......................................................................................................................................... 60 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 61 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 61

CHAPTER 23 FILL IN THE BLANK 591. Answer: safety 592. Answer: objective, subjective 593. Answer: injury, target zone, 5-10 min, 5-10 minutes 594. Answer: mode, intensity, duration, frequency 595. Answer: routine 596. Answer: periodization 597. Answer: physician 598. Answer: needs

MULTIPLE CHOICE 599. Answer: C. Safety 600. Answer: D. Progression 601. Answer: J. How you feel 602. Answer: H. People with lower back problems

SHORT ANSWER 1. Determine target heart rate ranges for the following: 64-year-old Answer: 109-133 bpm

2. 32-year-old Answer: 132-160 bpm 3. 47-year-old Answer: 121-147 bpm

4. 17-year-old Answer: 142-173 bpm 5. 55-year-old Answer: 116-140 bpm

MATCHING 603. Answer: C. 604. Answer: H. 605. Answer: A. 606. Answer: G. 607. Answer: B. 608. Answer: E. 609. Answer: F. 610. Answer: J. 611. Answer: D. 612. Answer: I.

TRUE/FALSE 613. Answer: T. 614. Answer: F. 615. Answer: T. 616. Answer: F. 617. Answer: F. 618. Answer: F. 619. Answer: T. 620. Answer: F. 621. Answer: T. 622. Answer: T. 623. Answer: F.

Workbook Solution and Answer Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS Workbook Review..................................................................................................................................... 62 Short Answer .......................................................................................................................................... 62

Fill in the Blank ...................................................................................................................................... 63 Matching ................................................................................................................................................. 63 True/False ............................................................................................................................................... 63

CHAPTER 24 SHORT ANSWER 1. List three sources of information for continued education in sports medicine.

Answer: a. conferences and workshops b. educational podcasts and audiobooks c. national organization like NATA 2. List 8 techniques for interviewing.

Answer: Personal hygiene Professional dress Be punctual Eye contact and a firm handshake Posture Prepare with sample interview questions Thank the person interviewing you Follow-up List eight techniques for courteous use of the telephone.

3. List eight techniques for courteous use of the telephone.

Answer:  Prepare with questions  Speak clearly  Speak at moderate volume  Introduce yourself and ask to speak to the appropriate person  Thank the person who transfers the call  Ask if you can send your resume and cover letter  Thank the listener  When answering the phone, use a courteous and professional tone 4. List the five different types of business promotions.

Answer: a. face-to-face presentations b. online presentations c. telephone sales d. materials for handouts e. mass-media promotions 5. Name some of the items that a professional brochure, website, or promotional handout should contain.

Answer:  product/service offered  needs met by the product or service  company name and logo  pictures of products  hook  your name and location  how to contact you  your certifications  memberships or affiliations  company history, accomplishments, and goals

FILL IN THE BLANK 624. Answer: service, product 625. Answer: knowledge 626. Answer: face-to-face 627. Answer: e-commerce, building 628. Answer: telemarketing 629. Answer: trade shows, conventions 630. Answer: face-to-face 631. Answer: plan 632. Answer: punctual, 5 minutes, ready, eager 633. Answer: business plan, goal, outline 634. Answer: qualifications, product, customers, budget 635. Answer: resume, cover letter 636. Answer: used, future reference

MATCHING 637. Answer: H. 638. Answer: D. 639. Answer: E. 640. Answer: C. 641. Answer: J. 642. Answer: K. 643. Answer: F. 644. Answer: A. 645. Answer: B. 646. Answer: I. 647. Answer: N. 648. Answer: G. 649. Answer: M. 650. Answer: L. 651. Answer: O.

TRUE/FALSE 652. Answer: F. 653. Answer: F.

654. Answer: F. 655. Answer: T. 656. Answer: F. 657. Answer: T. 658. Answer: F. 659. Answer: F.