Instructor Manual: Pipkin, Geology & The Environment: Living with a Dynamic Planet 8e, 9780357851654, 2024, Chapter 1: Why Environmental Geology Matters
Solution Manual For Pipkin, Geology & The Environment: Living with a Dynamic Planet 8e, 9780357851654, 2024, Chapter 1: Why Environmental Geology Matters
TABLE OF CONTENTS Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter .............................................................................................2 Chapter Objectives.............................................................................................................................2 What’s New in This Chapter ...............................................................................................................2 Chapter Outline .................................................................................................................................2
1 © 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
1
Instructor Manual: Pipkin, Geology & The Environment: Living with a Dynamic Planet 8e, 9780357851654, 2024, Chapter 1: Why Environmental Geology Matters
PURPOSE AND PERSPECTIVE OF THE CHAPTER The purpose of this chapter is to develop a base for students to understand the importance of environmental geology. First, we explain what environmental geology is and why it matters. Next, we provide examples of major problems that are approached by environmental geologists. Finally, we describe the scientific tools used by environmental geologists.
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES The following objectives are addressed in this chapter: LO1
Explain what environmental geology is and why it matters
LO2
Give examples of major problems approached by environmental geologists
LO3
Describe the tools used by environmental geologists doing science
[return to top]
WHAT’S NEW IN THIS CHAPTER The following elements are improvements in this chapter from the previous edition: Updated examples of major environmental problems New cases studies [return to top]
CHAPTER OUTLINE In the outline below, each element includes references (in parentheses) to related content. “CH.##” refers to the chapter objective; “PPT Slide #” refers to the slide number in the PowerPoint deck for this chapter (provided in the PowerPoints section of the Instructor Resource Center); and, as applicable for each discipline, accreditation or certification standards (“BL 1.3.3”). Introduce the chapter and use the Ice Breaker in the PPT if desired, and if one is provided for this chapter. Review learning objectives for Chapter 1 (PPT slides 1-3). I. What is Environmental Geology and Who Are Environmental Geologists? (01.01, PPT Slides 3–5) a. Environmental geology is an applied science that matters to billions of people around the globe because it concerns real-life problems. b. Environmental geologists are professionals who apply understanding of the natural environment to identify potential problems for people and help solve those problems. II. Environmental Geology: Why It Matters to You and the World? (01.02, PPT Slides 6–23) a. The Newark Contaminant Plume b. Fukushima: A Geological Nuclear Disaster 2 © 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
2
Instructor Manual: Pipkin, Geology & The Environment: Living with a Dynamic Planet 8e, 9780357851654, 2024, Chapter 2: Earth as a System
c. Warming Climate, Shifting Shores; Kiribati d. Radon: The Silent Killer e. Venice: A City Sinks f. Pakistan: A Nation Drowns g. Water Quality and Flooding in Jackson, Mississippi h. Isolating Nuclear Waste in New Mexico i. Lessons from These Situations III. Tools of the Trade–Environmental Geology (01.03, PPT Slides 24–26) a. Mapping: Fundamental to almost all aspects of environmental geology b. Global positioning system (GPS) receivers c. Sonar: Sound navigation and ranging d. Radar: Radio signals for determining elevations and mapping topography. e. Lidar: Light detection and ranging IV. Case Study a. Environmental Justice: The Role of Environmental Geoscience b. Love Canal: An Environmental Legislative Tipping Point V. Summary [return to top]
Solution Manual For Pipkin, Geology & The Environment: Living with a Dynamic Planet 8e, 9780357851654, 2024, Chapter 2: Earth as a System
TABLE OF CONTENTS Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter .............................................................................................4 Chapter Objectives.............................................................................................................................4 What’s New in This Chapter ...............................................................................................................4 Chapter Outline .................................................................................................................................4
3 © 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
3
Instructor Manual: Pipkin, Geology & The Environment: Living with a Dynamic Planet 8e, 9780357851654, 2024, Chapter 2: Earth as a System
PURPOSE AND PERSPECTIVE OF THE CHAPTER The purpose of this chapter is to develop a base for students to understand the Earth System and explain why it is a favorable environment for life. First, we will explain the meaning of “plates” in the Earth’s crust and why it is important. Next, we will explain why winds blow differently on Earth and the connection between oceanic circulation and global climates. We will further define the concepts of biogeochemical cycling. Finally, we will describe the importance of the biosphere development of Earth’s environment from its earliest time.
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES The following objectives are addressed in this chapter: LO1
Define the Earth System and explain why it is a favorable environment for life
LO2
Explain the meaning of the “plates” in Earth’s crust, and why their behavior is important to us
LO3
Explain why winds blow in the directions that they do on different parts of Earth
LO4
Describe the connection between oceanic circulation and global climates
LO5
Define the concept of biogeochemical cycling and provide one example
LO6
Describe the importance of the biosphere in the development of Earth’s environment from earliest time
[return to top]
WHAT’S NEW IN THIS CHAPTER The following elements are improvements in this chapter from the previous edition: Updated examples of major environmental problems New cases studies [return to top]
CHAPTER OUTLINE In the outline below, each element includes references (in parentheses) to related content. “CH.##” refers to the chapter objective; “PPT Slide #” refers to the slide number in the PowerPoint deck for this chapter (provided in the PowerPoints section of the Instructor Resource Center); and, as applicable for each discipline, accreditation, or certification standards (“BL 1.3.3”). Introduce the chapter and use the Ice Breaker in the PPT if desired, and if one is provided for this chapter. Review learning objectives for Chapter 2 (PPT Slides 1-3). I. Earth as a System (02.01, PPT Slides 4–8) 4 © 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
4
Instructor Manual: Pipkin, Geology & The Environment: Living with a Dynamic Planet 8e, 9780357851654, 2024, Chapter 3: Climate Change
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
c. Earth as a System: The Spheres d. Energy and Temperature in the Earth System The Geosphere: Land Building on a Large Scale (02.02, PPT Slides 9–14) j. How the Geosphere Came to be k. The Layered Earth l. Ups and Downs of a Dynamic Geosphere m. Plate Tectonics The Atmosphere: Earth’s Restless Outer Envelope (02.03, PPT Slides 15–24) a. Atmospheric Structure b. Patterns of Tropospheric Circulation c. Weather d. Climate Hydrosphere and Cryosphere (02.04, PPT Slides 25–34) a. The Hydrological Cycle b. The Ocean, the Hydrologic Elephant in the Room c. Shallow Ocean Circulation d. Ocean Circulation and Climate e. Deep Ocean Circulation f. The Hydrological Cycle, Underground g. Cryosphere-Frozen Water Biogeochemical Cycles (02.05, PPT Slides 35–38) a. The Nitrogen Cycle b. The Phosphorous Cycle c. The Carbon Cycle Biosphere (02.06, PPT Slides 39–42) a. Earth’s Evolving Atmosphere: The Living Connection b. Life and Oxygen c. Geologic Time and the Importance of Biology Case Studies a. Major Environmental Changes Over Earth’s Long History b. Another Major Environmental Change About to Happen? Summary
[return to top]
Solution Manual For Pipkin, Geology & The Environment: Living with a Dynamic Planet 8e, 9780357851654, 2024, Chapter 3: Climate Change
5 © 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
5