Chapter 10 Motivating Employees 1. The sense of satisfaction you get when you achieve an important goal is an intrinsic reward. True False
2. Extrinsic rewards are those that are given to a person by someone else. True False
3. Motivation is the drive to satisfy a need. True False
4. Since motivation comes from within an individual, there is little that managers can do to help motivate employees. True False
5. When unhappy employees leave a company, the firm normally ends up benefiting financially. True False
6. Frederick Taylor's goal was to find ways to improve worker motivation by making work more interesting and challenging. True False
7. A key element of Frederick Taylor's approach was the time-motion study, which examined the tasks performed to complete a job and the time needed to complete each task. True False
8. Frederick Taylor based his approach on the belief that each worker was an individual who should be treated as a unique asset to the firm. True False
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9. Scientific management became the dominant strategy for improving productivity during the early 1900s. True False
10. Elton Mayo conducted studies know as the Hawthorne Studies and became known as the father of scientific management. True False
11. Frederick Taylor believed that employees would be more productive if they were allowed to decide for themselves which methods at work to use. True False
12. Three elements were basic to Taylor's approach: time, methods, and rules of work. True False
13. According to the "Legal Briefcase" box in Chapter 10, scientific management is used successfully at UPS and UPS drivers have good wages and generous benefits. True False
14. Frank and Lillian Gilbreth developed the principle of motion economy, which said that every job could be broken down into a series of elementary motions. True False
15. Frederick Taylor's ideas about improving worker productivity attracted a lot of attention at the time, but had little lasting significance. True False
16. The concept engagement is used to describe the level of passion and motivation that a person has about their work. True False
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17. Frederick Taylor encouraged managers to make use of psychological techniques to improve worker motivation. True False
18. According to the Legal Briefcase, "Upset at UPS", companies that employ the principles of Scientific Management usually avoid costly lawsuits from unhappy employees. True False
19. According to the Legal Briefcase, "Upset at UPS", companies are still transitioning from past practices of using scientific management principles when managing employees. UPS is hiring "thinking" workers who can make a variety of workplace decisions themselves and are less tolerant of companies that place rigid rules and physical requirements on employees. In the past, occupational safety issues have cost the company millions. True False
20. Frederick Taylor believed that workers existed to make management's job easier and more efficient. He believed that workers were interested in one thing: good pay. If a business provided good pay, workers would provide the grueling labor necessary to get the job done. True False
21. Janis works for a local bakery. At one time, she loved the idea of becoming a head pastry chef, but now she is not sure that this is how she would like to spend her working career. Her current supervisor does not believe in breaks. And, lately, he stands next to her and instructs her as to how to roll out the bread dough and ice the cupcakes, as though she never learned these basic skills in culinary school. Just this morning, he commented loudly from the other side of the room, "You should be able to ice five cupcakes in a minute! Time yourself!" Frederick Taylor would have approved of Janis' supervisor. True False
22. Mark successfully completed a very challenging assignment given to him by his supervisor at work. The feeling of accomplishment and satisfaction Mark experiences is an example of an extrinsic reward. True False
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23. The Green Velvet Lawn Care Company teaches all of its employees specific methods for fertilizing and seeding lawns. The methods are designed to ensure adequate lawn coverage with a minimum of time and effort. All employees are expected to follow these methods precisely. Green Velvet's approach to lawn care is consistent with the ideas of scientific management. True False
24. Andy is a supervisor at a web design company. Andy has observed that most employees he supervises are more productive if he lets them have some freedom and flexibility in how they go about their work. Andy's experience is consistent with the teachings of scientific management. True False
25. One of the original objectives of the Hawthorne studies was to determine the degree of lighting needed in the workplace to enable employees to achieve optimum productivity. True False
26. The original results of the Hawthorne studies proved that employees were much more productive when they worked in well-lit areas than when they worked in poorly lit areas. True False
27. A major conclusion of the Hawthorne studies was that the best way to motivate employees is with monetary incentives such as pay raises and bonuses. True False
28. The tendency of employees to behave differently when they know they are being studied is known as the Taylor effect. True False
29. The results of the Hawthorne studies encouraged researchers to begin studying human motivation and managerial styles that lead to higher productivity. True False
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30. Elton Mayo's researchers concluded that worker motivation improved when managers listened to worker's ideas and suggestions. True False
31. The Hawthorne studies proved that the methods of scientific management were the best way to achieve maximum productivity among employees. True False
32. The Hawthorne studies conclude that intrinsic rewards are always better than extrinsic rewards. True False
33. The Hawthorne studies concluded that productivity at work seldom changed, but an employee's attitude could show significant improvement if he/she were given the opportunity to think critically at work. True False
34. Although Elton Mayo originally intended to collect data for a traditional scientific management study, his break-through research led to further research on the kinds of things that drive employees to successfully meet and exceed productivity goals at work. True False
35. Harrison is a manager at the local post office. He wants to find ways to improve worker motivation, and has read about the Hawthorne studies conducted by Elton Mayo and his colleagues. He believes these studies offer important insights into what motivates employees. Harrison is not likely to support the methods and ideas associated with scientific management. True False
36. Bianca is conducting an experiment to determine how temperatures affect the productivity of employees. She has just completed the first phase of her experiment, in which she had a group of employees perform job related tasks in a special room where the temperature was 10 degrees cooler than on the factory floor. The employees in the experimental group consistently outperformed employees in the factory. The Hawthorne effect suggests that the most likely reason for this improvement in performance is that the cooler working conditions allowed the employees in the experiment to work harder without getting tired. True False
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