L C A
I Y F C E L E
N A L Y S I S
FOUNTAIN PEN BALL PEN
ANKITA NALAVADE Life Cycle Analysis Sustainable Environmental Systems, PSPD
Function : Writing lnk Pen
Ball Pen
Fountain Pen / Ink Pen (1827)
Ball Pen (1888)
RISK FROM WATER
NO RISK FROM WATER
INK REFILLING
USE AND THROW
COSTLIER THAN REGULAR BALL PEN
CHEAPER
Goal
OR
Functional Unit . Boundaries . Assumptions
0.5m of writing per month for 3 years
machinery and molds
Packaging
Ball pens are not reused
Ink cartridges are used
products were purchased in India and will be disposed in India
Inventory Analysis. Ball pen
Ink pen
Inputs
Inputs
18 Plastic Body
1 Plastic and Metal Body
18 refill body with ink
36 Ink cartridge with ink
18 metal tip
1 metal nib 1 feed
Outputs
Outputs
18 Ball pen (assembly)
1 Ink pen (assembly) + 36 empty cartridges
18
36
1
Stages Of Life Cycle Analysis
Input
Raw Materials
Output
Input
Manufacturing
Output
Transport
Output
User
Output
End Of Life
Output
Input
Input
Input
Ball Point Pen – Process Tree PlasVc body
Ink
Refill
Tip
Ball
Polystyrene
Varnish + Pigment
PVC PlasVc
Nickel SilverVp
Tungsten carbide
Oil
Oil
Oil
Mining
Mining (Wolframite)
PlasVc Pellets
Mixing with pigments
PlasVc Pellets
Refined
Processed
InjecVon Molding
Mixing while HeaVng
InjecVon Molding
Molded
Molded
Assembled (Pit & Groove)
Grinder
Assembled (Using plasVc cap) Assembled Spinning using Centrifuge Assembled Transport(Road) User landfill
Ink Pen – Process Tree PlasVc body
Ink
Cartridge
Nib
Feeder
Metal
Polystyrene
Aniline salt + AddiVves
PVC PlasVc
Stainless Steel
Ebonite
Aluminum
Oil
Iron ore
Rubber
Bauxite
PlasVc Pellets
Intense heaVng
Processed
Processed
InjecVon Molding
Molded
Molded and Cut
Molded
Oil PlasVc Pellets
Salt + AddiVves Chemical Processing
InjecVon Molding
Assembled
Assembled Assembled (can be refilled)
Assembled Transport User landfill
Ball pen RAW MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING TRANSPORTATION DISPOSAL
1.8%
98%
PLASTIC BODY
REFILL
0.76% TUNGSTEN BALL
0.2%
13.91% NICKEL TIP
68.56% REFILL BODY
8.40%
8.73%
INK
PLASTIC BODY
Material change Nickel
Raw material and Processing
Human Health (DALY)
Brass
Raw material and Processing
98.96%
1.04%
96.00%
4.00%
98.91%
1.09%
98.79%
1.21%
98.77%
1.23%
99.00%
1.00%
Ecosystem Quality (PDF.m2.y)
Climate Change (kg CO2-eq)
Resources (MJ)
Water Withdrawal (m3)
Water Turbined (m3)
Behavioral change Body of Ball Pen
Raw material and Processing
Body of Reusable Ball Pen Raw material and Processing
Human Health (DALY)
94.74%
5.26%
94.73%
5.25%
94.74%
5.26%
94.74%
5.26%
94.73%
5.25%
94.73%
5.25%
Ecosystem Quality (PDF.m2.y)
Climate Change (kg CO2-eq)
Resources (MJ)
Water Withdrawal (m3)
Water Turbined (m3)
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