Life Cycle Analysis

L C A

I Y F C E L E

N A L Y S I S

FOUNTAIN PEN BALL PEN

ANKITA NALAVADE Life Cycle Analysis Sustainable Environmental Systems, PSPD

Function : Writing lnk Pen

Ball Pen

Fountain Pen / Ink Pen (1827)

Ball Pen (1888)

RISK FROM WATER

NO RISK FROM WATER

INK REFILLING

USE AND THROW

COSTLIER THAN REGULAR BALL PEN

CHEAPER

Goal

OR

Functional Unit . Boundaries . Assumptions

0.5m of writing per month for 3 years

machinery and molds

Packaging

Ball pens are not reused

Ink cartridges are used

products were purchased in India and will be disposed in India

Inventory Analysis.

Ball pen

Ink pen

Inputs

Inputs

18 Plastic Body

1 Plastic and Metal Body

18 refill body with ink

36 Ink cartridge with ink

18 metal tip

1 metal nib 1 feed

Outputs

Outputs

18 Ball pen (assembly)

1 Ink pen (assembly) + 36 empty cartridges

18

36

1

Stages Of Life Cycle Analysis

Input

Raw Materials

Output

Input

Manufacturing

Output

Transport

Output

User

Output

End Of Life

Output

Input

Input

Input

Ball Point Pen – Process Tree PlasVc body

Ink

Refill

Tip

Ball

Polystyrene

Varnish + Pigment

PVC PlasVc

Nickel SilverVp

Tungsten carbide

Oil

Oil

Oil

Mining

Mining (Wolframite)

PlasVc Pellets

Mixing with pigments

PlasVc Pellets

Refined

Processed

InjecVon Molding

Mixing while HeaVng

InjecVon Molding

Molded

Molded

Assembled (Pit & Groove)

Grinder

Assembled (Using plasVc cap) Assembled

Spinning using Centrifuge

Assembled

Transport(Road)

User

landfill

Ink Pen – Process Tree PlasVc body

Ink

Cartridge

Nib

Feeder

Metal

Polystyrene

Aniline salt + AddiVves

PVC PlasVc

Stainless Steel

Ebonite

Aluminum

Oil

Iron ore

Rubber

Bauxite

PlasVc Pellets

Intense heaVng

Processed

Processed

InjecVon Molding

Molded

Molded and Cut

Molded

Oil PlasVc Pellets

Salt + AddiVves Chemical Processing

InjecVon Molding

Assembled

Assembled Assembled (can be refilled)

Assembled

Transport

User

landfill

Ball pen RAW MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING TRANSPORTATION DISPOSAL

1.8%

98%

PLASTIC BODY

REFILL

0.76% TUNGSTEN BALL

0.2%

13.91% NICKEL TIP

68.56% REFILL BODY

8.40%

8.73%

INK

PLASTIC BODY

Material change Nickel

Raw material and Processing

Human Health (DALY)

Brass

Raw material and Processing

98.96%

1.04%

96.00%

4.00%

98.91%

1.09%

98.79%

1.21%

98.77%

1.23%

99.00%

1.00%

Ecosystem Quality (PDF.m2.y)

Climate Change (kg CO2-eq)

Resources (MJ)

Water Withdrawal (m3)

Water Turbined (m3)

Behavioral change Body of Ball Pen

Raw material and Processing

Body of Reusable Ball Pen Raw material and Processing

Human Health (DALY)

94.74%

5.26%

94.73%

5.25%

94.74%

5.26%

94.74%

5.26%

94.73%

5.25%

94.73%

5.25%

Ecosystem Quality (PDF.m2.y)

Climate Change (kg CO2-eq)

Resources (MJ)

Water Withdrawal (m3)

Water Turbined (m3)

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