ABDUCENS VOL. I (PT. 2)

The Efficacy of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Improving Motoric Fuctional Impairment of Post Ischemic Stroke Patients

PCC EAMSC 2016

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A Comprehensive Approach Towards Indonesia New Healthcare System: An Analysis of BPJS Progression in Achieving Universal Health Coverage 2019

IMSTC 2016

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The Overview of Caesarian Section Indicatin in Makassar as an Outlook of Fetomaternal Health in Indonesia

PCC EAMSC 2018

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The Overview of Caesarian Section Indication in Makassar as an Outlook of Fetomaternal health in Indonesia Fadhilah Putri Wulandari1, Ilham Akbar Rahman1, Iin Fadhilah Utami1, Zakirunallah Karunia1 1

Faculty of Medicine Hasanuddin University (AMSA-Unhas)

Background: The mortality and morbidity rate of mothers and infants in Indonesia is still high. Caesarean section is done as a secondary indication for some complicated cases. Only 25% of all hospital delivers in Indonesia undergoing this surgical intervention.

Aim: The aim of the study was to find the correlation of caesarian section indications and conditions of maternal and the newborn.

Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among all mothers and newborn at one of the main referred delivers hospital (Fatimah maternity hospital) in Makassar as one capital city in Indonesia from January 1st to June 30th 2016. Samples were collected and analyzed using SPSS. Result: In this study, 119 babies were evaluated from mothers who underwent caesarian section.

Indications of section caesarian were mostly due to CS history 30 (25,4%). Patients were referred from GP 1 (0.8%), Puskesmas 81 (68.1%), Clinic 15 (12.6%), Puskesmas Pembantu 2 (1.7%), Maternity hospital 7 (5.9%) and General hospital 13 (10.9%). There were a significant difference between newborn condition and patients refer (p<0.05). The level of mother’s education were varied from SD (elementary school)-S1(undergraduated) and there was significant difference in newborn condition and level of patient’s education (p<0.05). The level of newborn weight were classified as <2500 g 26 (21.8%) and normal weight (2500 g4000 g) 93 (78.2%). We also found the significant difference between the level of newborn condition and newborn weight (p<0.05). But there is no significant relationship existed between the newborn condition and indication of CS. The newborn condition was evaluated based on APGAR score.

Conclusions: The newborn condition of caesarian section was highly correlated with level of mother’s education, newborn weight, and patient’s refer. Therefore, by this data we can show to the government as those contributing factors should be evaluated to improve the facilitation to decrease the mortality and morbidity of maternal and child as the way to improve fetomaternal health quality in Indonesia.

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C-Tb as a Novel Skin Test Method to Diagnose Latent and Active Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Children

IMSTC 2018

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C-Tb as a Novel Skin Test Method to Diagnose Latent and Active Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Children Eddy Zulfikar1, Nabila Zhavirah Putri Arfin1, William Chandra Papendang1 Introduction: It is noted that the difficulties with access to TB diagnosis and care is the major cause of increasing cases of childhood TB each year. There are two accepted but imperfect tests for identification of childhood TB : The Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) and The Gamma Interferon (IFN-Îł) Release Assay (IGRA). Both tests depend on cell-mediated immunity (memory T-cell response), and neither test can accurately distinguish between latent TB infection and active TB disease. As a solution, scientist currently starts to develop C-Tb, a new skin test method designed to combine the operational advantages of the TST with the specificity of IGRAs for the diagnosis of M.tuberculosis infection in individuals at risk of developing active tuberculosis. Material and Methods: This paper was made using literature review method. On the research conducted by Ruhwald et al (2017), Negative controls, close contacts, occasional contacts, and patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis were enrolled at 13 centres in Spain. The comparison was done between C-Tb with the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT) IGRA and the TST. Result and Discussion: From July 2012, to Oct 2014, 979 participants were enrolled. Induration sizes were similar for C-Tb and TST, but TST positivity was affected by BCG vaccination status. It is found a strong positive trend towards C-Tb test positivity with increasing risk of infection, from 3% in negative controls to 16% in occasional contacts, to 43% in close contacts. C-Tb and QFT results were concordant in 785 (94%) of 834 participants aged 5 years and older. The safety profile of C-Tb was similar to that for the TST. Conclusion: With the sensitivity similiar to IGRA and unaffected by BCG vaccination status, the C-Tb skin test might provide more accurate treatment guidance in settings where the TST is commonly used.

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