Dr. Prem Subedi

Disaster Management and Local Church

Article

k[i7e"ld

xfd|f] ;dfhdf klg rNtLdf /x]sf] egfO{ æha 3/df cfuf] nfUof], ta cfuf] lgefpg Ogf/ vGg nfUof]Æ g]kfnL ;dfhs} nflu algPsf] h:tf] nfU5, lsgls xfdL ha–ha k|sf]k jf ljklQdf k5f{}+ ta dfq xfd|f] 1fg rIf' v'N5 clg yfN5f}+ æOgf/ vGgÆ cyf{t cg]s of]hgf agfp+g yfN5f}+ . t/ ha ;do laTb} hfG5, k|sf]kn] NofPsf] Iflt sd x'+Fb}hfG5 jf ljklQn] agfPsf] 3fpx¿ lgsf] x'+Fb}hfG5g\ . ta ljklQsf a]nf agfOPsf of]hgfx¿ klg cnkq k5{g\ . @)&@ sf] dxfe"sDksf] Toqf] Ifltkl5 klg xfdL -xfd|f] ;dfh, ;/sf/, cGo lgsfo_ n] vf;} s]xL kf7 l;s]sf /x]g5f}+ . lgZro g} ;a} ljkb\x¿ -k|fs[lts jf dfgj l;lh{t_ Ps} vfnsf x'+Fb}gg\ / tL ;fdgf ug{] of]hgf, ljlw / sfd klg Pp6} x'+Fb}gg\ t/ Pp6f s''/f eg] ;a}h;f] k|sf]kdf ;femf x'G5 Tof] eg]sf] dflg;nfO{ k'¥ofpg] Iflt— hLjg, sfd, :jf:Yo, a;f]af;, vfg]s'/f cflb s'/fdf k'Ug] Iflt . k|sf]k tyf ljkb\ Joj:yfkgdf g]kfnL d08nLsf] cj:yf klg dfly pNn]v ul/Psf] egfO -cfuf] nfu] kl5 Ogf/ vGg]_ eGbf ultnf] b]lv+Fb}g a? cem sdhf]/ xf]nf . afOan sn]h jf ;]ldgf/Ldf klg o; ljifodf Tolt rf;f]sf ;fy k7g kf7g / tof/Ldf Wofg lbOPsf] kfO+b}Fg . k|sf]k / ljklQsf af/]df afOanLo / O{Zj/zf:qLo b[li6sf]0f x]g]{, vf]Hg] / JofVof ljZn]if0f x'g]u5{ t/ Jojxfl/s tj/df eg] k|z:t sdhf]/Lx¿ /x]sf 5g\ . d08nLtkm{ kms]{/ x]bf{ ljkb\sf] k"j{tof/L, eOxfn]kl5 ug'{kg{] k|ltsfo{ -p4f/ tyf /fxt_ sf lglDt ug]{ sfddf eg] r'ls/x]sf] b]lvG5 . To;}n] o; n]vdf k|sf]k s] xf] < ljkb\ s]] xf] < k|sf]k Joa:yfkgsf r/0fx¿ s] s:tf 5g\, k|sf]k x6fpg jf /f]Sg} g;s]klg To;n] Nofpg] Iflt sd ug{] / hf]lvdaf6 s;/L hf]lug] af/]df k|sfz kfg]{ k|oTg ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} o;af6 :yflgo d08nLnfO{ cf–cfˆgf] :yfgdf k|sf]k Joj:yfkgdf nfUg ;xfotf k'Ug] 5 eGg] cfzf /flvPsf] 5 . afOan sn]h ;]ldgf/Lx¿n] klg gofF kf7\oqmdsf] ljsf; ub}{ o; ljifodf cWoog–cWofkg ug{nfO{ vf]hL sfo{ ;'? ug]{ 5g\ .

kl/ro

w]/} d08nLx¿ af/Daf/ ljkb\ kl//xg] kl/j]zdf 5g\ . oL ljkb\x¿dWo] s]xL crfgs x'G5g\, pbfx/0fsf] nflu e"sDk / af9Lx¿ crfgs cfOk5{g\ eg] c¿vfn] ljkb\x¿— h:t}, dxfdf/L jf nfdf] v8]/L lj:tf/} xKtf jf dlxgf lbg ljsf; x'Fb} cfpF5g\ . slt ljkb\x¿ df};d ;DalGwt 5g\, pbfx/0fsf] nflu klx/f] / af9Lx¿ . xfdL o:tf ljkb\x¿ af/Daf/ b]Vg / ef]Ug yfn]sf 5f}+ ;fy} df};d kl/jt{gn] ;+;f/sf w]/} efux¿df o;sf] k|efj cem a9\bf] ¿kdf 5 . crfgs cfPsf ljkb\x¿df

cfsl:ds k|ltlqmofsf] cfjZostf x'G5 / of] sfo{sf] lglDt d08nL 7Ls :yfgdf /x]sf] 5 . d08nLl;t Psbd} d"Nojfg\ tLgj6f d'Vo ;|f]tx¿– cfˆg} 7fpF / ejg, hldg / dflg;x¿ 5g\ . ljkb\af6 afFr]sf dflg;x¿df kl/jf/, ;fyLx¿ / ;DklQx¿ u'dfPsf] sf/0f cfPsf] efjgfTds lg/f;fdf ;xfotf ug{sf] lglDt klg d08nL ;';lHht x'G5 . o;n] hflt, wd{, lnª\u / /fli6«otfsf] s'g} e]befj g/fvL cflTds /fxt, efjgfTds ;dy{g / eljiosf] nflu cfzf k|bfg ug{ ;S5 . cfsl:ds k|ltlqmof eg]sf] ljkb\x¿nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{] Pp6f dfq pkfo xf]Og . k|fs[lts ljgfzx¿sf] k|efj sd ug{sf] lglDt xfdL /fd|f]l;t tof/L ug{ ;S5f}F . of] cfn]vdf ljkb\ rj|msf] af/]df j0f{g ul/Psf] 5– ljkb\kl5 ul/g] ljleGg lqmofsnfkx¿ -cfkt\sfnLg k|ltlqmof tyf k'g:yf{kgf_ clg kl5 cfpg;Sg] ljkb\sf] hf]lvdnfO{ Go"lgs/0f ug]{ sfo{ / tof/Lsf] af/]df oxfF pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

kl/efiff / r/0f

k|sf]k eGgfn] eofgs, k|fs[lts jf dfgj ;[lht 36gf eGg] a'lemG5 . k|fs[lts 36gf e"sDk, af9L, klx/f], dxfdf/L, cfFwLa]/L, v8]/L, cfunfuL, clgsfnh:tf 36gfx¿ kb{5g\ eg] dfgj–;[lht 36gfdf åG4, n8fO{, o'4, lxF;f, cf}Bf]lus b'3{6gf sltko cj:yfdf dfxfdf/L klg k5{g\ .

k|sf]k / ljkb\ cfk;df clt glhs ?kdf ;DalGwt 5g\ t/ p:t} jf Pp6}rflxF xf]Ogg\ . k|sf]ksf] af/]df ;ª\If]kdf dfly atfOPsf] 5 eg] ljkb\ eg]sf] hf]lvdsf] cj:yfdf /x]sf / o;sf] k|efjaf6 pDsg g;s]sf dflg;x¿ jf ;d'bfox¿nfO{ k|sf]k ef]Ug' k/]kl5 cfpg] c;fdfGo cj:yfnfO{ ljkb\ elgG5 . pgLx¿ o;} klg cK7\of/f] jf hf]lvdk"0f{ cj:yfaf6 u'lh|/x]sf x'G5g\, To;df k|sf]k ylkPkl5 ljkb\ cfOnfU5 . hLjg u'hf/f ug{ g} c;dy{ e}/x]sf] kl/l:yltdf k|sf]kaf6 aRg jf o;sf] c;/ sd ug{sf nflu ul/g] ljz]if Joj:yf ug{ c;dy{ x'g] ePsf]n] u/La / l;dfGt cj:yfdf /x]sf ;d'bfo al9 ljkb\df kb{5g\ . k|sf]k / ljkb\ xfdL s;}sf] rfxgf x}g t/ x'G5 / o;sf] k|efjaf6 sd Iflt x'g] jftfj/0f tof/ ug'{ g} o; v08sf] p2]Zo xf] . k|sf]k tyf ljkb\ Joj:yfdf ljleGg r/0fx¿ x'G5g\ . h;sf] cf–cfˆgf] dxTj x'G5 . != cfsl:ds k|ltsfo{ -ljkb\kl5 t'?Gt} ug'{kg{] sfd_ @= k'g:yf{kgf #= Go"lgs/0f $= k"j{tof/L

cfsl:ds k|ltsfo{M

o; r/0fsf] d'Vo nIo eg]sf] k|sf]kaf6 afFr]sf dflg;x¿sf] cfwf/e"t / tTsfnLg cfjZostf k"/f ug{' xf] h:tf]M vfgf, kfgL, n'uf kmf6f], a:g] 7fpF, cf}iflw / dgf];fdflhs k/fdz{sf] dfWodaf6 efjgfTds ;'/Iff . o;df hLjg arfpg / k|sf]k kl5 cfpg] ljkb\ -si6_ sd ug{] k|oTg ul/G5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu af9L, e"sDk, cfFwLa]x/L / To;af6 aRg] s'/fx¿ o;df kb{5g\ . ljkb\sf a]nfdf cyf{t k|sf]k e};s]kl5 aflx/af6 ;xfotf cfpg'cl3 :yflgo ?kdf /x]sf cGo hf] kLl8t ePsf 5}gg\ jf sd k|efljt 5g\, pgLx¿åf/f g} arfOG5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf :yflgo ;d'bfosf] w]/} dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf x'G5 . lsgls pgLx¿;Fu To;;DaGwL 1fg / cg'ej x'g;S5 . l9nf] k|efj kfg{] k|sf]kx¿ h:t} v8]/L clgsfn h:tf k|sf]kx¿df cfsl:ds k|ltsfo{sf] ;do cjlw nfdf] ;do -dlxgf, jif{;Dd_ lg/Gt/ rln/xg ;S5 . tTsfnsf] k|ltsfo{df nfdf] ;do;Dd aflx/sf] ;xfotf h?/L klg x'Fb}g . To:tf] eof] eg] ;d'bfodf gsf/fTds c;/ kfg{ ;S5 . h;n] ;a}vfn] s'/fsf] nflu jfÞo ;xof]u g} vf]Hg] -k/lge{/_ agfpg] / pgLx¿sf] cfGtl/s IfdtfnfO{ sdhf]/ agfpF5 . To;}n] of] cyf{t jfÞo ;xfotf 5f]6f] ;dosf] nflu dfq x'g'k5{ .

k'gM:yfkgfM

cfsl:ds jf tTsfnsf] k|ltsfo{sf] r/0f ;lsPkl5 ;d'bfonfO{ k'gM lgdf{0f ug{ cyf{t\ klxnfsf] cj:yfdf kmsf{pgsf nflu ul/g] sfdx¿ g} k'gM :yfkgfsf] sfdx¿ x'g\ . of] r/0fsf] cjlw s]xL xKtfb]lv dlxgf};Dd klg x'g;S5 . cj:yf x]/]/ k'gM:yfkgfcGtu{t 3/x¿ dd{t ug{], vfg]kfgL / ;/;kmfOdf sfdx¿ ;'rf? ug{], eljiodf cfpg ;Sg] ljkb\af6 sd Iflt x'gsf nflu hLljsf rnfpg] s'/fx¿ -aLp, ljhg, v]tLkftL cflb_ u/L ;xhtflt/ hfg] r/0f g} k'gM :yfkgf -km]/L klxn]sf] cj:yfdf n}hfg]_ r/0f xf] . o;n] klxn]eGbf cem /fd|f] agfpg] s'/fdf klg Wofg lbG5 . h:tf]M e"sDk k|lt/f]wL 3/x¿ agfpg], af9L gcfpg] 7fpFdf vfg]kfgL 6ª\sL agfpg] jf v8]/L k|lt/f]wL jLp jf hft 5gf}6 u/L v]tL ug{] s'/f ;d]t o;} r/0fdf kb{5g\ . o; r/0fdf ;+:yfut ;+/rgf -;xfotf ;d"x, ;xsf/L_ Ifdtf ljsf; / ;Fu;Fu} sfd ug{] s'/fdf ;d]t Wofg lbOG5 .

ljkb\ Go"lgs/0fM

k|sf]knfO{ k"0f{?kdf /f]Sg t ;lsFb}g lsgeg] sltko s'/fx¿ xfd|f] jzdf x'Fb}gg\ / grfxFbf grfxF+b} klg 36L xfN5g\ . t/ ;d'bfodf kg{ ;Sg] c;/ jf hf]lvdnfO{ sd ug{ ;lsG5 . klxn] g} Jojxfl/s sfdx¿ Ufg{ ;lsG5 . h;af6 ljkb\sf] hf]lvd sd ug{ ;lsG5 . o;}nfO{ g} ljkb\ Go"lgs/0f -cNkLs/0f_ elgG5 . ;d'bfon] tn pNn]v ePsf ;a} s'/fx¿ cfˆg} x}l;ot jf Ifdtfdf ug{ ufx|f] x'G5 t/ ;d'bfodf ePsf ;Lk, cg'ej, >f]tsf] vf]hL ug{ / ltgLx¿sf] ;d'lrt k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 . h:t}M – af9L ;'/lIft afFw agfpg] – af9Lsf] kfgLsf] l56f] lgsf;sf] nflu gfnLsf]

Joj:yf – alnof 3/ agfpg] h;n] e"sDk jf af9Laf6 arfpg ;sf];\ – j[Iff/f]k0f -le/fnf] hdLg tyf vf]nf gbL 5]p_ – v8]/L vKg ;Sg], /f]u sL/f sd nfUg] jLpsf] 5gf}6 ug]{ – ;Defljt 4G4 sd ug{ d]nldnfk tyf Ifdfsf sfdx¿

ljkb\ Go"lgs/0f / k'g:yfkgf Pscsf{;Fu ;DalGwt 5g\ h:t} k'glgdf{0fsf] a]nfdf alnof] 3/ agfOof] eg] hf]lvd Go'g x'G5 .

ljkb\sf] k"j{tof/L M

dfly g} elgof] ls k|sf]knfO{ k"0f{?kdf x6fpg ;ls+Fb}g lsgls k|sf]k xfd|f] lgoGq0feGbf aflx/ 5 t/ k|sf]k cfpF5 jf cfpg ;S5 eGg] s'/f ;Dem]/ To;af6 x'g] hf]lvdaf6 s;/L hf]lug] jf sdeGbf sd Iflt Joxf]g]{ s'/fsf] tof/L g} ljkb\sf] k"j{tof/L xf] . o:tf] tof/Ln] ;d'bfosf dflg;x¿nfO{ k|sf]k ;fdgf ug{ / k"j{ cj:yfdf kmsf{pg d2t u5{ . o; qmddf :yflgo :t/df ePsf >f]t / ;fwgx¿sf] /fd|f];Fu vf]hL / kl/rfng ug'{kb{5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu xfdL;Fu ePsf] ;Lk, cg'ej, gub jf lhG;L, Ifdtf jf k|s[lts >f]t . tof/Lsf qmddf xfdL;Fu o:tf] k|sf]k cfpg;S5 h;n] o; lsl;dsf] hf]lvd jf k|efj kf5{ To;}n] To;sf] nflu xfdL of] of] sfd -of]hgf_ ug]{ 5f}+ egL tof/ ul/Psf] sfdx¿ g} k"j{tof/Lsf sfdx¿ x'g\ . pbfx/0fsf] nflu af9L;DaGwL k"j{;"rgf k|0ffnL, k|fylds pkrf/;DaGwL tflnd, k|sf]ksf] j]nf e]nf x'g] ;'/lIft 7fpFsf] vf]hL / :yfgfGt/0f;DaGwL tof/L, cfsl:ds ;/;fdfgsf] hf]xf] ug]{, ;aeGbf a9L k|efljt x'g ;Sg] dflg;x¿sf] klxrfg ug]{ / lhDd]jf/L / e"ldsfsf] afF8kmfF8 klg k"j{tof/Ls} sfdx¿ x'g\ . Jojxfl/s cEof; u/L dflg;x¿nfO{ ;r]t u/fpg' cfjZos ;'rgf k|bfg ug]{ s'/f ;d]t o;}df kb{5g\ .

ljkb\ Joj:yfkgdf d08nLsf cu'jfx¿sf] e"ldsf

;d'bfo / d08nLsf ;b:ox¿nfO{ ljkb\sf] nflu tof/ ug{ / k|ltsfo{ ug{ ;xfotf ug{ d08nLsf cu'jfx¿n] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng ;S5g\ . ug{'kg{]

sfdx¿ w]/} x'g] ePsf]n] kf:6/ PSn}n] oL ;a} sfd k"/f ug{ ;Sb}gg\ . kf:6/n] sfdx¿ cufl8 a9fpg ;Lk ePsf dflg;x¿ klxrfg u/L To;nfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug{' h?/L x'G5 . tnsf sfdx¿dWo] s]xL sfd cfˆgf] kf:6/Lo lhDd]jf/Lsf ;fydf cfkm}F ug{ ;S5g\ eg] sltko lhDd]jf/L c?4f/f u/fpg ;S5g\ .

cGtb[{li6

cfˆgf] If]qdf x'g;Sg] ljkb\sf] hf]lvdsf af/]df yfxf x'g' / d08nL / ;d'bfodf of] s'/f afF8\g' .

g]t[Tj

cK7]/f] cj:yfdf l56f] ljrf/ ug{;Sg], k|fyldstf tf]Sg], lg0f{o ug{;Sg] / cfjZos k/]df c?nfO{ sfo{ x:tfGt/0f ug{;Sg] .

cflTds / efjgfTds ;xof]u

ljkb\sf] sf/0fn] efjgfTds ?kdf kLl8t / zf]sdf k/]sfx¿sf s'/f ;'Gg / k|fy{gf4f/f ;xfotf lbg pknAw x'g;Sg] .

:jod\;]js Joa:yfkg

:jod\;]js vf]hL, egf{, Joj:yfkg / pT;fx lbg;Sg] .

;~hfn

b]z ljb]zdf d08nL / ;+:yfx¿;Fu ;DjGw ;dGjo /fVg] .

lzIff

ljkb\x¿af/] afOanLo b[li6sf]0f / lzIff tyf x/]s j0f{, hflt tyf ju{sf dflg;x¿k|lt k/d]Zj/sf] s?0ffaf/] atfpg] .

k|foM k|fs[lts ljklQx¿ cfO/xg] If]qdf /x]sf d08nLsf cu'jfx¿ / d08nLsf ;b:ox¿nfO{ dfu{lgb{]zg k|bfg ug{sf] lglDt of] k'l:tsf tof/ ul/Psf] xf] . s]xL If]qx¿ t'ngfTds ?kdf pRr df};dL hf]lvddf g/x]sf b]lvg;S5 . t/ df};d kl/jt{gsf] sf/0fn] eljiodf o;df kl/jt{g cfpg;S5 . afOan sn]hx¿ jf ;]ldgf/Lx¿df ljkb\ Joj:yfkgsf] af/]df k|foM l;sfOg] ul/+b}g t/ klg d08nLsf ;b:ox¿n] ;xfotf / lgb{]zgsf] nflu :j:k"mt{ ?kdf cfˆgf cflTds cu'jfx¿ / :yflgo k|zf;gnfO{ x]g]{u5{g\ . o; kl':tsfn] o;/L cfPsf] cg'/f]wk|lt k|ltlqmof lbgsf] nflu cu'jfnfO{ rflxPsf 1fg / ;Lkx¿ k|bfg ug]{ 5 . k|fs[lts ljklQx¿sf] ;dodf k|of]u ug{sf] nflu ;fdfGotofM d08nLx¿;Fu kof{Kt ;|f]tx¿ x'G5— cyf{t\ d08nL ejg tyf xftf / d08nLsf ;b:ox¿ OToflb s'/f ;|f]tsf] ?kdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 . ltgLx¿;Fu ;dlk{t dflg;x¿sf] ;d"x klg x'G5, hf] s?0ffåf/f pTk|]l/t x'G5g\ / ;ª\si6sf] ;dodf sfd ug{ ;lqmo x'g;S5g\ . k|foMd08nL;Fu alnof ;fgf ;d"xx¿ x'G5g\, h'g k|fs[lts ljklQsf] vt/fsf] af/]df hgr]tgf hufpgsf] lglDt k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 ;fy} ;d'bfox¿nfO{ Ps7fpFdf NofP/ of]hgfx¿ jgfpg / cfOkg{] hf]lvdx¿ 36fpg ;lsG5 .

o;y{ k|fs[lts ljklQx¿sf] ;w}F hf]lvddf /x]sf] xfd|f] h:tf] d'n'sdf k|sf]k tyf ljkb\ Joj:yfkgsf cfwf/e"t r/0fx¿sf af/]df plrt kf7\oqmdsf] ljsf; u/]/ ;]ldgf/Lx¿n] lzIf0f lqmofsnfk u/fpg'kb{5 . ;fy} d08nLx¿n] klg of] ljifonfO{ pRr k|fyldstfdf /fv]/ ljZjf;Lx¿nfO{ ;w}F ;'–;'lrt u/fpg] sfd ul//xg'kb{5 . -ljkb\sf] ;fdgf ug{ d08nL slt ;jn 5 / To;nfO{ s;/L r':t agfpg] eGg] af/]df csf]{ cª\sdf k|:t't x'g] 5 ._

-;|f]tM dfOsf g]6js{ g]kfn @)!$_