Destination Africa 2017

Dest inat ion Af r ica

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V o l u n t a r i s m - p a g e 18 B y : Se s s o n s h o o t s e l l W h a t t o d o in sou t h B y : l e v e n Gr e e n e M u st se e in A f r ic a By : Pe n n m c c a y

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a n d se n e ga l

Human-like creatures evolved in Africa.

Two Million BCE

28,000 BCE

Humans in Africa produced earliest examples of prehistoric art.

Ghana became the most dominant The people of the Nok culture kingdom but declines when the trade produced routes become less many pottery important. figures.

400 BCE - 100 CE

400 CE - 1400 CE

Powerful kingdoms rose based on trade instead of conquest. Routes ran north and south carrying gold, slaves, raw materials like salt, weapons, armor, and copper, ivory, ostrich feathers,cola nut.

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Rulers began to convert to Islam.

Many kingdoms like Benin and the Great Zimbabwe rose because of the gold and ivory trade with the Arabs.

Outsiders like the Portuguese came to the coasts in search of natural resources and trade. On the west coast, there was slave trade and on the east coast there was gold trade.

The British established a transatlantic slave triangle trade. The trade involving slaves going from Western Africa to the Caribbean and the Americas and cotton, tobacco, sugar, rum, molasses, and hemp sent to England.

1500 CE - mid-1800s CE

The British established ports in order to take on water, meat, and vegetables on their journeys to India. The Dutch established a colony in South Africa.

The Berlin Conference resulted in France, Britain, Germany, Portugal, Italy, Spain, and Belgium all receiving colonies in Africa.

1884 CE - 1885 CE

Christian missionaries were sent down to Africa in order to spread their faith in Islam dominated Africa.

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1950s CE

Due to World War 2, European countries no longer had the economic power to rule Africa.

African countries began to gain their independence through revolutions.

2017 CE

There are now many unstable African nations due to Islamic terrorism and military coups.

N ew s

Pr esiden t Ja c o b Z u m a o f So u t h A f r ic a Heyward Parrino Jacob Zuma is the president of South Africa, but will he still be when you read this? He is one of the most controversial leaders South Africa has ever had. Why? Maybe because he has four wives and 21 children, or that he uses all of the government?s money to pay for renovations on his mansion. He has had a very long history in government, but has also had lots of problems with it.

female family friend in 2005, and was also accused of infidelity with another woman, producing yet another child.

He is much less popular in big cities, and has had many protests against him.

One source quoted a marcher who said that the corrupted system had been ?eating away at everything they have worked for the past 20 years.? Another protester said that ?He is eating when we are hungry." Many South Africans think that things are going to get worse the longer Zuma is in charge.

President Zuma was first convicted of conspiring to overthrow the South African government in 1963, and spent ten years in prison. After that, he was sentenced to 15 years in exile and spent time in Swaziland, Mozambique, Zambia and several other African countries. Throughout his time in exile, he still was working for the ANC. The ANC stands for the African National Congress, which is the Republic of South Africa's governing social democratic political party. Zuma was charged of rape with a young

Although Zuma has had many problems concerning the government, he was still elected for President. Many people believe that he was elected because he came from a modest family and uses traditional values. He also grew up with a single mother and no schooling. His nickname is the ?people?s person?, and in 2008 Times named him one of the most influential people. He was awarded the Nelson Mandela award for Outstanding Leadership in 1998. He is said to be a man who can listen, and worked with Nelson

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Mandela.

He is one of the 10 to 11 million people in South Africa who believe in the Zulu religion, which allows Zuma to have four wives at once and 21 children. One of the most current problems with Zuma is that he took money from the government to add to his house. Zuma built a cattle enclosure, amphitheater, swimming pool, visitor center and chicken run.

This is considered breaking the constitution, but Zuma has vowed to South Africa that he will pay back the government. President Zuma is also accused of appointing supporters in high government positions, so that they will help vote in favor of him. Zuma is accused of undermining the government?s policy on HIV/Aids. South Africa has about five million people

currently living with HIV/Aids.

Many South Africans think that Zuma will be forced to step down from both positions of ANC leader and President of South Africa. Even Zuma?s own supporters are encouraging him to step down, at the age of 75. Yes, like all leaders, President Zuma is mostly known for his faults. He still was elected by the people which means that he does appeal to a good bit of the population.

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Isl a m ist Gr o u p Bo ko H a r a m K idn a ps H u n dr eds o f Gir l s Alex McCall Boko Haram is an Islamic extremist group mostly in Nigeria. They are the Group of the People of Sunnah for Preaching and Jihad and Boko Haram means western education is sin.

This group has made an allegiance with ISIS and al-Qaeda. Boko Haram has killed more than 6600 people in 2014 and has displaced millions from their homes. On 14 April 2014, Boko Haram kidnapped 200 girls from a boarding school, Government Girls Secondary School in Chibok, in northeastern Nigeria. There are still 195 girls missing.

gunmen burned homes and businesses.

Emmanuel Sam, an education official in Chibok, said ?Many girls were abducted by the rampaging gunmen who stormed the school in a convoy of vehicles.?. When one of the trucks broke down some of the students were able to escape. A student who escaped from the gunmen said ?They forced us into trucks, buses and vans, some of which were carrying food stuffs and petrol.

They left with us in a convoy into the bush. A group of motorcyclists flanked the convoy to ensure none of us escaped.?

The Islamic group of Boko Haram kidnapped hundreds of girls from a boarding school in Nigeria. The soldiers came in trucks, vans, and buses.

Dozens of the gunmen engaged soldiers guarding the school and stormed the dormitories. They brought the girls into vehicles. Emmanuel Sam, an education official in Chibok, said ?Many girls were abducted by the rampaging gunmen who stormed the school in a convoy of vehicles.? The

Boko Haram has also committed many other kidnappings. On 30 March 2017, Boko Haram abducted 22 girls and women. There were two separate raids in northeastern Nigeria. In the first attack, Islamists raided the village of Pulka, near the border with Cameroon. 18 girls were kidnapped by Boko Haram. A Pulka community leader

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said ?Boko Haram fighters from Mamman Nur camp arrived in pickup vans around 6am and seized 14 young girls aged 17 and below while residents fled into the bush.? Four of the girls kidnapped were running away from the raid. The girls are likely to become the wives of the soldiers. In the second attack, a herdsman was killed. He was asked to pay protection money to Boko Haram. He refused to pay and tried to escape. He shot and killed and 50 of his cattle were killed by the soldiers. The Islamists took the four women in the herdsman?s family and the rest of herd.

The Sydney Morning Herald conducted an interview of a girl who was kidnapped by Boko Haram. She went by the escaped the truck and went by a pseudonym name of Sara in the interview. She said ?I was thinking I was going to die that night, I didn't know what to do. We didn't know what to do, waiting for the teachers to come and

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tell us what to do, without knowing that ... the teachers had run away.? She stated that she was abducted at gunpoint. The Islamists were dressed in army fatigues. The students thought they were Nigerian security forces. The Islamists told the students to obey or be killed. She said ?They surrounded us with guns and said we shouldn't run or shout, if we did they would kill all of us.

So we followed them. They started burning the school, they burnt our clothes, our books and everything." The students were forced into the back of a large truck.

T h e So u t h Su da n ese Fa m in e Penn McCay The South Sudan Famine has made a major impact on the economy and the Sudanese people but what are other countries doing to help? Many people in South Sudan are suffering because of the famine and surrounding countries are trying their hardest to resolve this issue. Around 4,000 South Sudanese people have fled south to Uganda every day in search of food and security because their homes do not have any source of food. The people have had their lives changed because they cannot focus on their everyday lives. Instead of worrying about everyday chores, these people have to focus on surviving through this crisis.

The three following paragraphs contain important information about the famine.

The South Sudan Famine was officially declared in February 2017.

Throughout the past few years, South Sudan has suffered from warfare and drought. Now, the famine is making situations worse. The famine is worst in north South Sudan and affects approximately 5 million people. The last declared famine was in 1998 before South Sudan?s independence . In order to declare a famine, a few requirements must be made which are: 20% of

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households must suffer extreme food shortages, 30% population suffers from extreme malnutrition, and 1 out of 5,000 inhabitants die a day. Today, 40% of the South Sudanese people are in need of food and nutrition assistance.

The South Sudan army is using a system called ?do what you can and take what you can" which allows people and farmers to confiscate cattle instead of using money as currency. On February 21, the UK gave $100 million dollars to South Sudan for aid. A 45-year-old woman in Juba, South Sudan is among the 4,000 Sudanese people. Men ransacked and burned her house in search of food. The woman stated, ?Me and [my] children live on wild fruits and?grains, if we are lucky?

We go to bed with empty stomachs. Life has been too hard to me and my children.? (Washington Times). In 2011, South Sudan broke away from Sudan due to the votes of the Sudanese

people. Ever since then, the country has been struggling. There are more than 7.5 million people in need of assistance today. Close to 1 million people are close to dying from lack of food. The South Sudan people are in more danger than ever right now.

According to the NPR, South Sudan is spiraling downwards. The famine in South Sudan is considered to be the greatest humanitarian crisis since 1945. The civil war is causing many problems in South Sudan. Aid workers were being held for ransom by rebel fighters demanding food aid in exchange for their release. Many aid forces are dropping packages to Sudanese people. This is a sign that South Sudan and its people are in major trouble. The UN along with many other countries have given an abundant amount of money to South Sudan in efforts to resolve this issue. The money is being used to provide food for the South Sudanese people affected. The money has infact been used effectively and the countries that are helping are all a part of the effort to resolve the famine.

Throughout the research, many statistics about the famine and facts concerning the people of South Sudan during the famine about the South Sudan famine led more information.

The South Sudan Famine has made a major impact on the economy and the people of South Sudan. South Sudan has been affected by the current civil war and the famine has made it even worse. The civil war began in December 2013 and as a result, over 50,000 people have been killed. The civil war was initially ignited by a political struggle. The Dinka people fought against the Nuer group to seek justice.

Although many countries are sending millions and millions of dollars to South Sudan as ways to resolve the famine, the suffer continues for the country and people. The significance of this event is that even though we, in America are not suffering from a famine, we can still help others in different countries.

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So m a l i Pir at es Luke Charpentier ` The Somali pirates are a group of men who roam around, off the coast of Somalia and are involved in maritime crime. They attempt to approach and hijack oil tankers, commercial shipping vessels, or any other type of foreign boat. Most of the time they take the ship, and it?s crew until the government has paid a ransom for the release. Somali pirates also take part in smuggling, drugs, and other crime. The pirates are usually young men and they obtain illegal weapons from Yemen and Mogadishu, the capital of Somalia. The crews that are taken hostage have to go through very harsh and cruel treatment. They are assaulted and sometimes are also used as shields in firefights. So, the Somali pirates are a feared threat throughout African waters.

Most of these pirates begin as fishers who are trying to support their families and small villages. They start going off to fish as young men and then experience the commercial vessels coming in and they witness the crews harm the villagers, and mess with the fishing. They sometimes even kill the fishermen and take their fish and their resources. Fishermen are usually the main providers for their families and they need to bring a

certain amount of fish home to survive. When the fishermen want to combat the cruel doings of the vessels, they start acting like coast guards, because the Somali Government will not help with these foreigners. After successfully hijacking these vessels, they get caught up in the money, fame, and drugs. It is after this when they truly become pirates.

Villages like Eyl experienced this first hand. Before the pirates, there was not a murder in almost thirty years.

When the men start to live in the way of crime, the elders can no longer reach them and bring them back. This is when we start to hear about the pirates we know about today.

There are still issues with Somali piracy today. Recently, the Aris 13 oil tanker was hijacked which was the first commercial hijacking since 2012.

The pirates seized a comoros oil

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tanker and held eight Sri Lankan crew members hostage. After a gunfight between the pirates and marine forces, and negotiations with the marines, the government, and the clan elders, the crew and ship were released without a ransom payment.

Abdirahman Mohamud Hassan, the director general of maritime police pulled his troops back and the pirates went away. The ship that the pirates took was very important, large, and valuable.

At the time that it was captured, the ship was transporting oil from Djibouti to Mogadishu, Somalia. Four civilians were injured from stray bullets in the gunfight and the citizens had many complaints due to the flow of foreign fishermen into the waters. Although, the conflict with the Somali Pirates is not over. These pirates still hold ten other Iranians in captivity from a past hijacking and are waiting on a ransom payment. In 2011 the Somali pirates held 237 attacks of the coast of Somalia but since then,

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there has been more naval patrol.

Because of these security measures, the pirates have gone back to fishing and smuggling.Many governments have spent very large amounts of money on security for their vessels against the Somali pirates. The hijackings are causing economic impacts that are continuing to affect countries. Also, the price continues to rise as the years go by. In 2015, about 1.3 billion dollars were spent and in 2016 the number grew to 1.7 billion.

The costs include insurance, labor, armed guards and other protection measures, as well as ransoms paid by insurers and the costs of naval deployments. Although, many attacks have been avoided through some of these safety measures. Some armed guards were able to defend against an attack on a U.K ship. So, the pirates are costing over a billion dollars in defense and ransom. In conclusion, Somali pirates are continuing to have a major impact on the maritime in Africa.

Su b-Sa h a r a n W at er St r ess Sessions Hootsell Sub-Saharan Africa suffers from water stress. One reason is due to fast-growing urban areas.

Weak governments, corruption, mismanagement of resources, poor long-term investment, and a lack of environmental research and urban infrastructure are also reasons. Water stress has also caused domestic and cross-border violence in some cases.

Water stress refers to economic, social, or environmental problems caused by unmet water needs. (Council on foreign relations) Lack of supply is caused by a combination of contamination, drought, and/or a disruption in distribution.

Sub-Saharan Africa has the worst water stress out of anywhere in the world.

The crisis in Darfur has caused water stress and has been affected by it.

The darfur crisis was a crisis centered around Sub Saharan africa. The crisis

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mainly began in 1993 and still continues today. African farmers and arab nomads competition for resources in the Darfur region has lead to much of the conflict. Genocide is often used to refer to the darfur crisis. The us has a role in the darfur crisis. They Plead for it to stop but do not lend large amount of human resources over. Many think that it will end and hope that it will end soon but others do not. The millennium healthcare goals are a set of eight goals to help humans obtain basic human rights. Sub saharan africa is behind the rest of the word in comparison. Clean drinking water is one of there biggest issues. Most of these issue are due to economic scarcity and Also due to sub saharan africa being one of the poorest areas in the world. One of the greatest issues is disease. waterborne diseases, diseases that are transmitted through contact with water, and vector-borne diseases are three types of diseases that can occur.

Of the 980 dams in sub-Saharan Africa, around 589 are in South Africa, whereas Tanzania, a country with nearly the same land mass and population, only has two large dams. Jonathan Lautze of Tufts University says, "If you look at all of Africa, disproportionate quantities of storage are destined for a few countries like South Africa and Egypt. Generalized regional or continental figures may fail to fully reflect how dire the situation really is in many countries and how much potential for development there is." Southern-Africa and northern sub-Saharan Africa, in mainly the strip across the continent along and north of the Sahel region in West Africa, suffer the most.

National boundaries do affect water stress. When boundaries were created people were separated from resources.

Water was one of these resources and also causes many of the problems today. Transnational water laws also affect water stress.

Successful transboundary water laws have historically been multilateral and focus

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on joint management and development of resources. Bilateral agreements have proved to be less effective solutions.

They focus on water allocation and how to divide limited flows. Many believe

that without the improvement of water and sanitation programs progression out of this issue can not take place.

Agricultural development has the potential to improve African economies but requires a lot of water which is not available right now.

T h e La sT M a l e N o r t h er n W h it e Rh in o Leven Greene In Kenya, there are only three known northern white rhinos left in the world. Sudan, a 42 year old male, Najin, a 25 year old female, and Fatu, a 15 year old female. Due to old age, all rhinos are unable to reproduce naturally. In addition to age, there are other complications which interfere in the process of mating naturally, such as Sudan?s low sperm count, and Najin?s weak hind legs. As a result, experts are considering vitro fertilization, which is when mature eggs are taken from the female, and fertilized in a lab by sperm, and the fertilized eggs are then put back into the female. In addition to considering vitro fertilization, scientists are considering mating a northern white rhino with a southern white rhino. The offspring would not be a pure northern white rhino, but it is better than nothing.

The final three northern white rhinos live in the Ol Pejeta Conservancy in Nanyuki, Kenya, which is about 195 kilometers from Nairobi, the capital of Kenya. While they are under guard all day, the three rhinos live safe from poachers that want the tusks, as they are believed to cure

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different types of illnesses, as well as the ivory is used in the making of jewelry. According to a 2014 UN and Interpol report, 1,300 rhinos were illegally killed last year alone. The majority were killed for their tusks, even though Kenya banned the ivory trade 25 years ago.

Being the last male of the near extinct species, Sudan has gotten a Tinder account. This news has traveled fast as it has been mentioned, including CNN and BBC News. His tinder profile reads, ?I don't mean to be too forward, but the fate of the species literally depends on me,?. The Tinder profile is believed to be very successful, as the profile will be seen in 190 countries and 40 languages. This last resort option to find a mate for Sudan is not only a comical relief to lessen the blow of another species dying out, but it also

raises awareness as to why it should not get to this, the government letting the population of a species get this low.

northern white rhino died, named Suni, leading the species further into extinction. Suni, like the others, was under guard all day. It was impossible for him to be killed as a result of poaching. The guards who were watching him say he must have died of natural causes, being the old age of 34.

Now, with Suni gone, the Northern White Rhino species is almost guaranteed to go extinct.

The rhino is the second largest land mammal, behind the elephant.

The males 1.85m tall and 3.6 tonnes, and females weigh 1.7 tonnes. The age for males to mate is ten to twelve years old, and females have calves at six to seven. With Sudan being 42, Najin being 25, and Fatu being 15, all rhinos are too old to reproduce. Last year, a male

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Vo l u n t a r ism Sessions Hootsell Marine volunteer projects are action packed. Working with marine animals and contributing to conservation efforts to preserve these species Is a big part of what volunteers do while in Africa.In South Africa, the most popular marine voluntourism is helping dolphins, sharks, and penguins. Dyer Island Cruises in Gansbaai educates volunteers and

offers insight into shark conservation.

Volunteers get to see sharks in their natural environment from the boat or from a submersible cage. Volunteers can also help a non-profit dolphin research organization, located at Plettenberg Bay, Western Cape. Here volunteers help research dolphins.

There is also a penguin-based program, located at Cape St. Francis in the Eastern Cape.

Penguin rescue, rehabilitation, and research and release

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are what volunteers will do in this branch of voluntarism. The African penguin is now an endangered species which is why this is even more important. Volunteers also have the opportunity to work with seabirds and the occasional marine mammal that comes in. Without marine voluntourism the African marine would be much different.

W h at To Do In Visit Cape Town, there is so much to do.

Go para gliding off of Lion's Head and rappel off of Table Mountain.

Visit Gansbaai, South Africa to go diving with the Great White Sharks.

If you feel bored, go visit Kruger National Park in South Africa and explore

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So u t h A f r ic a

Visit Morocco and go surfing in Boilers, the best place to surf!

Go on a safari in Cape Town along the Garden Route. Travel by car to see lions, rhinos, elephants, buffalo, and leopard.

Definitely for thrill seekers, Cape Town offers sandboarding, which is like snowboarding, but with no frostbite.

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M u st See Dest in at

By : Pen n M Victoria Falls:

Ngorongoro Crater:

The Ngorongoro Crater is located in Tanzania and is the world's largest inactive, intact and unfilled volcanic caldera.

Victoria Falls is a waterfall on the border of Zambia and Zimbabwe. It has been described by Fox News as one of the Seven Natural Wonders in the world.

Lake Malawi:

Lake Malawi is located between Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania.

It is the ninth largest lake in the world.

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io n s in A f r ic a

M c C ay Sossusveli Namib Desert:

Sossusveli Namib Desert: located in the southern part of the Namib Desert. This area is filled with red sand dunes coving hundreds of acres.

Nan Hua Buddhist Temple:

Nan Hua Buddhist Temple, South Africa is the largest Buddhist temple and seminary in Africa and Covers over 600 acres.

Chobe National Park: It is known for its massive elephants and enormous elephant population

The Chobe National Park is located in Botswana. The National Park is one of Africa's great wildlife destinations.

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Gr a ph s o f Co Rel ig io n s o f A f r ic a :

Baptist Non Religious Pentecostal Others Protestant 23

Methodist Nondemon inational Catholic

m pa r a bl e Dat a Lif e Ex pec t a n c y : Over 80 70-80 60-70 50-60

Po pu l at io n Den ist y Over 1,250 250-1,250 62.5-250 25-62.5 2.5-25 People per square mile 24

Ar t s

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Pl anni ng a tri p to Senega are some of th e best ti v i si ti ng accordi ng to ou Ch arl otte Raymond A nab el l a Ri l ey a Sen eg a l The best flights to take for your arrival in Senegal

Make sure you exchange your money into West African CFA Francs!

Try and visit the great National Park of the Language of Barbary!

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al or M adagascar? Here i ps and tri ck s w h en ur ex pert tri p adv i sors d, K ate Wi l l i ams, nd K K Hooper.

M a da g a sc a r

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Make sure to check the weather!

Visit the famous Avenue of the Baobabs

Stay at the Hotel Solea

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ULUSABA PRIVATEGAMERESERVE Want to get away from the city for a while?Visit the Ulusaba Private Game Reserve.

Visit http://www.virginlimitededition.com/en/ulusaba to make 29 Penn McCay reservations today!

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Reg io n a l Fest iva l s t o en A f r ik a B u r n A frik aBurn is the most alternativ e arts festiv al in the continent of A frica. T here is no entertainment, so the participants create their ow n art w ork s, their ow n music, and their ow n performances.

Ca p e t o w n In t er n a t io n a l J a z z Fes t iv a l T he Cape Tow n International Jazz Festiv al is the largest music festiv al in all of sub saharan A frica. It has ov er 40 star-studded artists performing on 5 different stages.

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h a n c e y o u r ex per ien c e Pa n a f es t Panafest is a cultural ev ent held in Ghana ev ery tw o years. It started in 1992 and the idea w as to promote unity,bonds betw een people of the A frican descent, and the dev elopment of A frica itself. T he activ ities that tak e place are theater,drama, music, and poetry.

Her ma n u s W h a l e f es t iv a l T he Hermanus W hale festiv als started only 26 years ago and tak es place in the small, coastal tow n of Hermanus, South A frica. T his ev ent celebrates the migration of Southern R ight W hales and other marine life w ith ocean themed activ ities, education, and adv entures.

T his is the only env iro-arts festiv al in South A frica.

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Efo r iro Efo r iro is a vegetable soup in Niger ia. This soup can be eaten with r ice, yam, and any type of bird.

Dish es Y o u T r Ceebu Jenn Ceebu Jenn is the national dish of Senegal. The dish is made with r ice (ceeb) and fish (jenn) but sometimes can be made with beef. Ceebu Jenn is a descendant of the famous Spanish dish, paella.

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u N eed To y Seswaa Seswaa is a slow- cooked shredded beef dish from Botswana. The dish uses left over meat or meat from the legs, neck, and back. The dish is nor mally prepared for impor tant ceremonies like funer als, weddings, and national events.

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Matapa Matapa is a typical dish in Mozambique prepared with cassava leaves, garlic, flour, and cr ab or shr imp. This dish is eaten with bread or r ice.

M in d Y o u r M a n n er s Gr eet in g A quick hello and a handshake makes a good first impression with anyone.

Elder s African values based on the past and the present which is why elders are so well respected. Acknowledge elders, let them ask you questions, and during meals elders should be served first to show respect to them.

Poin t in g It is considered rude to point at things or people. Different ethnic groups have different ways of pointing.

Eat in g Eat with your right hand. the left is for more unsanitary tasks.

Do not talk too much during meals. Small talk is permissible but meals are a time to eat not to socialize.

Hissin g To get the attention of someone a hissing sound can be used. This is not considered rude in African culture.

Silen ce Silence is common in African culture because if nothing is needed to be said then it is normal for there to be silence.

Flexibilit y Due to the African cultural belief that the future is not as important as the present, flexibility is important

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An ger Showing anger in public is not common in African culture and can sometimes be considered offensive.

Gif t s To show thanks for a gift receive the gift with two hands.

Per son al space Not much personal space is given in African culture due to the living conditions that they have.

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A f r ic a n -s

Th is d r a ma / s p o r t s mo v ie w a s r e l e a s e d in 2 0 0 9 in So u t h Af r ic a . Th is f il m b r o u g h t in a r o u n d $ 12 2 mil l io n d o l l a r s .

Ma d Ma x : Fu r y Ro a d w a s f il me d in Na mib ia a n d w a s r e l e a s e d in mid 2 0 15 b r in g in g in $ 3 78 mil l io n d o l l a r s .

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set M o v ies

Th is a d v e n t u r e / a c t io n f il m w a s r e l e a s e d in 2 0 0 5 a n d w a s f il me d in Ma d a g a s c a r . Th is f il m ma d e o v e r $ 5 0 0 mil l io n d o l l a r s f r o m t h e b o x o f f ic e .

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Af r i w il

Th e b n at u t h ew

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ic a n dl if e:

best r e in w o rld

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Reg io n a l M u sic a n d Da n c e

San Dancing involves fast movements, singing.and complex rythems.

A traditional mangolongondo is like a long xylophone, ranging from few to many keys.

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Indlamu is a tradtioinal dance associated with Zulu warriors.

The dance is performed by men dressed in headresses, swords, shields, and belts.

Fula Flute is a flute native to Guinea. It is known for ts haunting melody and beautiful sounds.

In Africa, singing is just as common as talking. Mothers sing to their children while they work and sit around the house, in order to help the child form a sense of rhythm.

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