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Type:
Test Bank
Resource:
Biology for Microorganisms
Edition: Author(s):
13th Edition Michael T. Madigan John M. Martinko David Stahl David P. Clark
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Exam Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) W hich statement is generally NOT true? A) M icrobial cells exclude the cells of plants and animals. B) M icrobial cells exist as single cells. C) M icrobial cells include both bacteria and viruses. D) M icrobial cells carry out their life processes of growth independently.
1) _______
2) B asic microbiology can be used to A) m odel our understanding of cellular processes in multicellular organisms, including humans. B) p robe the fundamental processes of life. C) s tudy characteristics of cells of multicellular organisms. D) d o all of the above.
2) _______
3) A pplied microbiology deals with important practical problems in A) a griculture. B) i ndustry. C) m edicine.
3) _______ D) a ll of the above.
4) T he largest mass of living material on Earth comes from A) m icroorganisms. B) p lants. C) p lants and animals together. D) a nimals.
4) _______
5) D ifferential selection and reproduction of phenotypes occurs during a process called A) e volution. B) t ransformation. C) c ellular differentiation. D) g rowth.
5) _______
6) I n what/which domain(s) of life is/are microorganisms represented? A) A rchaea B) E ukarya C) B acteria
6) _______ D) a ll of the above
7) A specific molecule, used especially by evolutionary biologists, that is unique to a particular taxonomical group is called a A) b iomarker. B) t axon. C) m etabolic tracer. D) g enome.
7) _______
8) P rotein catalysts involved in the acceleration of the rate of chemical reactions are called A) e volutionary molecules. B) c atalytic converters. C) g rowth agents. D) e nzymes.
8) _______
9) R egarding early life on Earth, A) m icrobial life existed long before animals but has been around for about the same amount of time as plants. B) m icrobial life existed for billions of years before plant and animal life. C) m icrobial life, plant life, and animal life all appeared at about the same time. D) i t is impossible to determine which type of life first appeared.
9) _______
10) M ost prokaryotic cells reside A) i n lakes, rivers, and oceans. B) o n Earth's surface. C) i n the oceanic and terrestrial subsurfaces.
10) ______
D) i n and on nonprokaryotic organisms (including humans and other animals). 11) T he person who described the "wee animalcules" was A) A ntoni van Leeuwenhoek. B) F erdinand Cohn. C) L ouis Pasteur. D) R obert Hooke.
11) ______
12) F annie Hesse is credited with giving ________ the idea to use agar as a solidifying agent. A) R obert Koch B) F erdinand Cohn C) L ouis Pasteur D) S ergei Winogradsky
12) ______
13) W hich of the following is/are characteristic of cellular organisms? A) c ommunication B) r egeneration and reproduction C) m etabolism D) a ll of the above
13) ______
14) W hich of the following is NOT a major ecosystem? A) a tmospheric B) a quatic C) t errestrial D) o ther organisms, such as plants and animals
14) ______
15) W hich statement is TRUE? A) P opulations are assemblages of habitats. B) M icrobial communities are assemblages of populations. C) H abitats are assemblages of microbial communities. D) P opulations are assemblages of microbial communities.
15) ______
16) L ouis Pasteur developed the vaccine(s) for A) a nthrax. B) r abies.
16) ______ C) f owl cholera.
D) a ll of the above.
17) T he discovery of antibiotics and other important chemicals led to the field of A) a quatic microbiology. B) m arine microbiology. C) a gricultural microbiology. D) i ndustrial microbiology.
17) ______
18) M icrobial sterilization is used to A) c lean a work area. B) d ecrease the possibility of contaminants growing in a culture. C) k ill all microbes in or on objects. D) k ill bacteria but not necessarily viruses or other microbes.
18) ______
19) T ransparent double-sided dishes used for growing microbes are most commonly called A) s terilization plates. B) P etri dishes. C) b aker dishes. D) c ulture medium plates.
19) ______
20) M icrobes playing a role in nitrogen fixation in plants live in ________, while those playing a role in the digestive tract of certain herbivores live in ________. A) n odules / fortrans B) f ortrans / rumens C) r umens / nodules D) n odules / rumens
20) ______
21) W hich of the following is NOT an accomplishment of Louis Pasteur? A) d etermined that the alcohol-making process was mediated by microbial fermentation and thus refuted the theory of spontaneous generation
21) ______
B) d eveloped heat sterilization techniques that involved the creation of a specialized swan-necked flask C) d eveloped the first rabies vaccine and treated thousands of individuals D) d eveloped enrichment culture techniques 22) T he theory of spontaneous generation was refuted by the work of A) A ntoni van Leeuwenhoek. B) R obert Hooke. C) R obert Koch. D) L ouis Pasteur.
22) ______
23) A Pasteur flask has a(n) A) d ouble neck so two substances may be added at the same time. B) s econdary opening at the base to allow for drainage. C) s wan neck to prevent particulate matter from getting into the main body of the flask. D) i nverted upper edge to prevent spillage while swirling.
23) ______
24) R obert Koch's greatest accomplishment in the field of medical bacteriology was with A) B acillus subtilis. B) B acillus cereus. C) M ycobacterium tuberculosis. D) E scherichia coli.
24) ______
25) A pure culture A) i s made of a clearly defined chemical medium. B) i s sterile. C) w as cultured for a certified stock culture. D) i s a population of identical cells.
25) ______
26) M artinus Beijerinck was the first to isolate A) g reen algae. B) c ertain sulfate-reducing bacteria. C) c ertain nitrogen-fixing root nodule bacteria. D) a ll of the above.
26) ______
27) C hemolithotrophy involves A) r eduction of organic compounds. C) m etabolic autotrophy.
27) ______ B) o xidation of inorganic compounds. D) o xidation of organic compounds.
28) D evelopments in the fields of immunology and medical microbiology were practical extensions of the work of A) R obert Koch. B) A ntoni van Leeuwenhoek. C) S ergei Winogradsky. D) J oseph Lister.
28) ______
29) M icrobial control in wastewaters would most logically be a part of A) m icrobial technology. B) a quatic microbiology. C) m icrobial genetics. D) b acterial energetics.
29) ______
30) R obert Koch contributed to the field of microbiology by being the first person to A) u se agar as a solidifying agent in growth media. B) f ormulate four postulates for definitively linking a specific microorganism to a specific disease. C) d evelop the tuberculin test. D) a ll of the above.
30) ______
31) T he science of grouping and classifying microorganisms is known as
31) ______
A) m icrobial physiology. C) m icrobial systematics.
B) p roteomics. D) m etabolomics.
32) M ycobacterium tuberculosis is very difficult to stain because of the A) l arge amounts of a waxy lipid present in its cell wall. B) p resence of ribosomes in the cytoplasm. C) l ack of a cell wall. D) l ocation of the DNA within the cell.
32) ______
33) L ouis Pasteur's most famous success was his work on A) o ptical isomers. B) f ermentation in the winemaking process. C) t he rabies vaccine. D) M ycobacterium tuberculosis.
33) ______
34) M icroorganisms play key roles in the cycling of important nutrients in plant nutrition, particularly those of A) c arbon. B) c arbon, nitrogen, and sulfur. C) s ulfur. D) n itrogen.
34) ______
35) M icrobial ecology is the study of A) t he diversity and activities of marine microorganisms. B) m icrobial processes in the soil that benefit plant growth. C) t he grouping and classifying of microorganisms. D) m icroorganisms in their natural environments.
35) ______
36) T he structure that confers structural strength on the cell is known as the A) r ibosome. B) c ytoplasm. C) c ell wall. D) c ytoplasmic membrane.
36) ______
37) W hich part of the human body does not contain a significant normal microbial flora? A) l arge intestine B) o ral cavity C) s tomach D) s kin
37) ______
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 38) W ithout microorganisms, all higher life forms on Earth would cease to exist.
38) ______
39) M ost microorganisms are pathogenic.
39) ______
40) A ll microorganisms require molecular oxygen to carry on life functions.
40) ______
41) M etabolism is common to all cellular organisms.
41) ______
42) A ccording to our present understanding, each of the major domains has what is known as its own universal ancestor.
42) ______
43) M icrobiology as a distinct science did not develop until the eighteenth century.
43) ______
44) T he environment in which a microbial population lives is its habitat.
44) ______
45) D ifferentiation occurs only in multicellular organisms.
45) ______
46) T he discipline of microbiology is intimately associated with biochemistry and genetics, because cells are both biochemical catalysts and genetic coding devices.
46) ______