News framing theory and research

NEWS framing THEORY and RESEARCH Alexandra Chudinova PhD. ELTE UNIVERSITY

Research builds in three steps

1. Interdisciplinary framing (psychology, sociology, economics, communication) 2. To explain the cognitive processes and mechanisms 3. Discussions and consideration of the unresolved issues in framing the research

Psychology 1. Frames of references. (the social situation is a reflection of the ”set up” references) 2. Prospect theory.

“All references are perception-based” Comments. I think that the theory by Tversky and Kahnemancan be disapproved. In the situation when you don’t know everything about the situation what can be happened and the participants of this situation, you have no references and you haven’t the right perception and possibility to compare and ideentify the situation subjective or objective. Your framing will be based on getting new experience.

Sociology 1. Primary frameworks.

Human beings classify new information.

Relatively stable and social shared.

2. Frame analysis.

Casual attribution is the perceived link. Action depends from the environmental, social and personal factors.

Comments. Analysing the responsibility of any actions, the place of the individual opinion can be considered as the mirror reflection by social or as the accent, what can be used in comparing or basic for learning (primary framework).

Information Effects The package of issues and events is: arguments information symbols metaphors Collecting these data, the result will give he next characteristics: the ability to understand and how people percept the information interpretation reaction on the problem affect by issue cost

Persuasion Effects origin evolution presentation effects of frames What people know What people believe about an issue What is relevant for understanding

Agenda-Setting Effects Process “by what audience exposure to news about an issue its accessibility” The characters are: meaning cause implication treatment of an issue The task is to recognise that “accesssibility and applicability go hand-in-hand in everyday information processing”.

Types of Frames

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gains + loss frames episodic frames thematic frames strategy frames + issue frames

To use the frames what can “trigger certain underlying interpretive schemas among audiences and lead to various behavioral or cognitive outcomes�.

Frame Setting Content: macro-level effects micro-level effects how individuals can be influenced by exposure to a media message Applicability Effects The reflection by familiar issues and beliefs, values, attitudes.

Ability, manipulation to understand and how.