SIMULATION RESEARCH BUILDING STUDY REPORT Building Simulation Application

Year

2022

Place

Cartagena, Colombia

Typology

Mixed use; hotel room, open office, living room-apartment.

6.996 m²

Academic

David Seel

Area Status Professor Software

IES-VE

This report is the result of studying a building with IES VE simulation program. However, it is not about a specific program, the aim of this report is to demonstrate the understanding in depth of environmental topics that affect the performance of the building guided by the output calculations.

It is a mix-use building in Cartagena, Colombia with a special skin made of clay modules that filter light and wind. It has 2 floors of dwellings, 2 floors of offices and 1 floor of hotel rooms.

AIM

What I aim to achieve is to design the skin facade by improving the thermal comfort and daylight factors for a mix-use building.

OBJECTIVES

+ Reach the benchmarks for Illuminance, and daylight factor.

+ Meet the thermal comfort zone for AHSRAE.

+ Achieve the EUI and Co2 benchmarks set for this project.

The study will explore the relationship between thermal comfort metrics and daylighting quantity and quality in the interior of the building. The theme to explore will be how the skin façade has to change depending on the different requirements and needs of these 3 uses and adapt the façade to the needs of each use (hotel room, office and living room – home).

In order to develop this analysis, it was required to design a methodology to follow a sequence of tests and the expected results.

OFFICE - open space

HOTEL - bedroom

FLAT - living room winter sols�ce

NORTH-EAST

N N N

9:00 ALT 35°

N equinox

12:00 ALT 56°

16:00 ALT 22° 9:00 ALT 45°

E W

SOLAR SUNLIGHT TEMPERATURES WIND

NIGHT -114° N E W 90° -90°

S

SOLSTICE SUMMER - JUN

12:00 ALT 79°

26°C 90

SOLSTICE WINTER - DEC

DAY 30°C summer sols�ce N E W 67° -67°

16:00 ALT 28° 9:00 ALT 45°

12:00 ALT 76°

HUMIDITY

DAY 32°C 114° sunset azimuth sunrise azimuth sunset azimuth

SOLSTICE SUMMER - JUN

DAY 72%

NIGHT 93%

SOLSTICE WINTER - DEC

DAY 66%

NIGHT 96%

16:00 ALT 32°

PRECIPITATION

JUNE _RAINY MONTH FEB_DRYEST MONTH

JUNE

The monsoon brings strong and regular winds from December to April (19km/h) and quite winds from June to October (5km/h)

The monsoon brings strong and regular winds from December to April (19km/h) and quite winds from June to October

VARIATION 1 - Original situation (without skin + 30° to South West oriented + none surrounding buildings)

VARIATION 2 - New situation (with skin + 0 ° to South oriented + surrounding buildings)

To design, several aspects could be considered for daylighting metrics. In general, the Illuminance is measure in lux (or cd). The Illuminating Engineering society (IES) recommends horizontal and vertical illuminance.

The annual UDI parameters are also revised, in all cases, there is enough illuminance in the horizontal plane, more than 100 luxes annualy.

The test is for each space, 3 size of windows, 90% of the total of the facade area of the room, then a second and third option with 60% and 30%.

Finally, it was about testing and analysing the data to get results that would help to design efficient buildings and improve the initial design and hopefully make it less carbon dependent.

The initial scope is to run tests to find the best façade for each space in terms of daylighting and thermal comfort. Several expectations were achieved, the first one, getting a better orientation.

WINDOW SIZE 90%

WINDOW SIZE : 60%

WINDOW SIZE : 30% chosen OPTION seen

Secondly, after the test, it was concluded that the best size of the window is different for each use. This is tied to light and thermal comfort. Sometimes, one aspect benefited better than the other, and so the design was the next strategy tool to pick the best answer.

For the living room, the window selected was 30% of the original size, it will give comfort to the occupants that will get some nice shadowing from the inclement weather sun and humidity.

The skin façade with clay modules was no good for the living room since the fenestration was smaller and almost not so welllighted. On the contrary, the hotel room will have this clay skin to avoid excessive direct sunlight and reduce the temperature.

For the office, this modular system could be implemented but with higher separation between the lattices. This reduces the temperature while preserving good-quality indoor illuminance and luminance.

In the thermal comfort, the best alternative for the livng room is the option with the 30% window as well as for the 60% option. But for the hotel the 60% window has best results. Never the lees, for the DGP (december 1 solstice date) the 30% window is less imperceptible for the hotel, 60% window for the offices and 90% for the hotel.

With the DGP and the comfort parameters, and having personal experience as a designer, the chosen alternatives are :

Living room 30% Offices 60% Hotel 90 % work

A living room could be interesting with a smaller window in this humid and warm climate, but the offices also require light, and the hotel can take advantage of a big window for visitors and tourists, its data is similar and no big changes are seen.

PRESCHOOL Gimnasio Campestre places to play and stay 2020 Bogota, Colombia Educational 2.789 m² Design

This kindergarten search to keep as many trees as possible. The main objective is to create a playground with the building itself. Thus, the roof lands on the ground to allow students to climb into the slope. The kindergarten has an open attitude to the landscape. All the units have access to the garden, and the concept of closeness is erased with floors open to the environment and blurred lines between ground play and learning spaces.