Lawyer 1 85 web by Alabama State Bar Association

'~t Union &Ink,

hard to earn your tntst. " Ire rrork

-Henry A. Leslie

President and Chief f.xe<:Ulive Officer

Union Bank works closely \\~Ih many Alabama attorneYS in the adrninislmlion of In.!s!s <tnd esl<tles. Otil' investment capabili ties have increased d ramatically in the past year by the 'Id(lilion of it stale-of-lhe-,u1 compuleJized systern. l\s A1ahiuna's lal'gest independe nt bank, we contrnl a ll ow' investment processing wi th in the Trust Dep.u1mcnl 10 assure constan t atten tion and complete confiden tiality fOI'YOllI' clients. We invite YOU!' questions about Union B;mk's trust services. O ll[' expeJienced IJust o lficers will be glad to d iscuss .my business, fi n;mcial 01"ad ministrative aspect oflhe sclvices \\'e PJU\~de.

60 Commerce Street 1vlon tgornclY, AJabamH 36104 (2051265-8201

TURN DAMAGE •

Into

DOLLAR$ Determining Disability and

Personal Injury Damage Medical Evaluation for Trial lawyers by J. Sranley McQuade LL.B., MD. , Ph.D.

Man y lawyers presently rely on compute r se rvices and/or past cases to determine compensatio n

I REWARD YOUR CLIENT and YOURSELF I with this modern tool which contains several hundred illustrations. You will be able to explain the comple xities of Medical Evidence to ultimately achieve TRUE, JUST, and ADEQUATE

COMPENSATION.

-------------------------------------------OR DER FORM O'yo"l<, 1o, 0..",,,10;0' DiM'"II..,. ... d r........! I..... '" n.m.. ... ,nd;ou,d 1:>0.... Qr. """, ..lu I..".;'.., "".dHnl ,110.,. , r>d Th< Ib, _ eom ""M "" II OOT _ '" f",;,ht. ....ndllnl<hus<o pi .. 1..I.h, ,,;1I .,. oU "'!>t ...... Goo."., Fl<><ido. • .o M_pp; ,<ti<\<n .. odd ~ ..... ,

""""'!O

poM''''''

.pol""'" ....

_ o...e ..... I... ,.. [);Nb;II.,. . nd 1'<"""",1 I n .. .., Dam _

_ r.lodicoI

~""""i""

r.,. TN'

.......... _ S8'J.9S

lJl.\ollQ

"'~~ '. ~'~~~ '"C..,IS<>wz,p

0..'

....... u«

Tllf,J:"oIUIIHf(JSON CO.lmINy. }'UIJUSIlf,'/{S

,*IG

__ .. --...

THE JANUARY 1985

• " .... " ... _ . w_ ' _ .. ,\ . u..... ••

...........

Ne west Attorneys Admitte d 10 the "Ba r - pg. 16 Octoo.,r

Inll(~.." ,,~t"l'

ma .. ked Ih,> dJY 301 ad ,'crllfit<l 10 1ht' Supncm~

LOUr! l>f ,\ Iaooma_ N~mes, r,am stallstIC" and l"C'un,>; ar~ in id~.

On the Cove r Tha 'lk ~ go 10 the Ch Ildren's T rust Fund [(If ]lrov;di ng (hese photographs depic(ing child abu5C. T hese ilrc '/Q/

...... -.....--.........----_ ... ,. ................ -.--, -...--,-..... _-, _ . ........... .....-. _ . ... ,,..-_ -- ...,._---. ... ......... . ......... - .... ....-- ...... _ '''''...... __...-.............,....... ......._ __ ......._...-.._.......... .. .. ~,

......... - .

....

,-...

-..--. ~ '""' .... ,. ,__ _ _ _ 01""""-

...-

,...,"'

' """"'-

..... ..,' .... " .. , I ... _~ ...... . . - . " -.... ,,',",.. ~

oome Alabama famIlies .

,....."

~................ /011 _

....... _ .... _ _

laken frQm actua l cases. 001 simply "hal em, a!ld does occtlr

~~nt

Sex ua l Abuse A Cons piracy of Sile nce - pg. 30 :;",ual d"ld abo-c

,~:t

"wh"lX'red"

'ubj('<'~ ,11'~ II"\<' fur (il',m diSl'llSsion uf

Ih" I'f{lbkm.

ISSUE IN BRIEF Spccial Thanks fo~

collln"h/wltS 10 tlou issMt.

S/JlrUlt IlMds 10 10 My .... Sdlflid·

M""

CAnr«ll. To ... Mf' Grl1fOr. 1(,,110 SlridlIDNI ,,"" Col,,· ,,~ Mlll!OIilf.

NMU.

Inside This Issue

Child Abuse <lnd the Juve nile Court s - pg. 35

T he juvenile eourl IS ,Iw princil~11 forum for h~n(lli ng c'h,ld abuse ea,e". What art ,he ~pphcablc rul<'liarld pm· cc'CIures thaI govern thew pro.:«~hllJlS?

The District Attorney as a Mobilizer - pg. 37 In Hum_nile lilt dIstrict allorney's office ha~ been!he do,'jog force in di· r{'CurIS: publIC attention \0 the prot>. Il'ms of ch'ld abuse. Some oIlhe progr:\m~

initialed have ~parked naliooal

Ill'ff""!.

Prevention: A New Lc~is l ative !\ll)lI'O<lc h to Child Abuse

- pg. 3:1

lias Ihe lego,lmu,'/: iJo.-en '("IJOI1""" 10 Ihe child abo"" problem? Additional 1'1l'i,latlon m ay Ix, nl,,-'(Ied In rcm<~I)' I he e\,il, of chIld allu"".

President's I'age .... ,

Executive Director's Report . Legislative Wral~UII ........ ,

5 7

Riding the Circuits .. " . .... ". 8 B<rrBriefs .... " ........... " .. 10 Aboot Memblors. Among Firms ......• " ... " .. 12 The Trial ...................... 14 JudgeJohnsoo's Award ........ 15 CLENcws ..... " ...•...... , ... 23 Committee Report ............. 24 Young lawyers' ~ion ....... 25 cn: Owortunitie ............ Z8 RotlmIDo:risioJns ............... 43 Opinions of Ille Gcner.I.l Counsel ............. 50 Disciplinary RqJort ............ 52 In Memoriam .................. 53 Cla""ir.ros ..................... !>l 101 Cdera ...................... 56

GI!resideqt's G})age BYARS

y year as your presidem has reached i~s halfway mark . , wish I umld rcpor~ half of our work has been comple~ed. Despi~e ~he many hours of hard work by ~he various commi~{ees, task forces and sections, there is s~ill much ~O) be dO)ne. and there are still manychallenges facing our bar. our profession and our ju· dicial system. On the affirmative side. the Task Force on Judicial Evaluat ion. Election and Selection has submiued. and the board of bar commissioners has appro,'ed . the subcommillee recommen' dation that the Alabama Stale Ba r propo5/' a constitutional amendment relating to appoinlmenls for all judi, cial vacancies on the appellate level (supreme cour!, court of criminal appeals a nd court of civil appeals). as follows: Nominations f(lf all appellate ,'aean· cies would be made by one statewide nominalingcommission of 11 citizens of the Slate - six lawyers and fi"e non·lawyers - appointed: (1) One lawyer and one non· lawyer by the go'~"_ (2) One non-la",yer by lhe lieutenant governor

(3) One 1IOI1-law\'er byllle speaker of tile house of .... pr ...,ll.li"e5 (~) One lawy .. and Me non ,lawyer by tile <hiof just~ of the AI .bolma Suo "".me Coon (5) One lawyer by lh. chief judI!<' oIlh. Alabolma Coo,t of Ch'it Aweals

(6) One la"'yer by tile chief judge of the Alabolma Coon of Criminal Aweals Two lawyers and one non·law~ by llIe Alabolm. Slate Bar.

The members of the nrnninating com· mission would serve terms of six years. which wou ld be staggered , The chid justice of the Supreme Court 01 Ala·

" uw'yery, abo/'e all alh ers, IIl1lsl recognize Ihe impa,..

lall ce af alld em brace 'h e lligll es' ell/ical pri/lciples."

bama would be the a officio (nonvoti ng) chairman of the nominating commission. and Ihe Administrative Office of Courts ,'''ould house the miniSlerial operalions of the commission , This commission would nominate to the governor th,~ qualified persons, and the governor would aptxHnt one of these three nominees. In the eVCnt of his failu re 10 make an aptxHnt ment within 3Odays. theAlabama chief jus· tice would maketheappointmentlrom these three nominees, This plan is similar to Ihe ,,'ell· established. successful nominating commissions in Jeffe-rsan. Mobile and

Madison counties. relating to) circuit and district judges. The board of bar commissioners further appro,'ed the recommendation your bar propose legislation which would provide non'panisan election for a ll judicial offices_The recent experience in several jurisdictions. where s~ate judges running for reelection at Ihe lime of the 1984 presidential election wcre swept from office. indicates the wisdom of pursuing non·partisan judicial elections in Alabama. Both of lhese proposals are aimed at guaranteeing a free. competent and C/, ficient judiciary. This prow;ed legis· lation wilt be a step in the right direction. but this work is by no means completed. Our st udy relating to judi· cial eval uation a nd retention is con· tinuing. FunheT. there is another task force at work con~idering lhe restruc· turing of the appellate courts in this s~ at e. Only with your help at Ihe local and state levels can any of the proposed changes be cleared through the legislature. The Midyear 1'I1 eet ing of your bar will be held in Montgomery on March 1·2. 1985. At that meeting. we are planning an indepth repon frrnn ~ach of the commillees and task forces. Your bar staff and the program com· millee have an outstanding program planned for \'ou and your spouses. AS your president. I continue my travel of the state of Alabama because J (C-I,~ . ;d

•• _

GExecutive G))irector's

~port

1985 Crucial to Bar Finances

I,lT board d. commissioners lias 3P\lfO"ed lhe la~1 budgIol in lhe history of the Alabama Stale Bar for submission to the 1985 Alalxlma Legislature. The budget is for fisall )'tar 1986 which begins 0.:. tom I. 1985. and calls for .. xpendi· lures totalling $915.799. This budget cannot be mel unl~ss

forced to defer action on numerous committee recommMldallons to con' tinue the growth 0( our bar programs, Increased activity in the professional re.

the 1egi51alU~ QpprO\'e5 legislation \0

enhanct bar r~·enut$. For thr«yeau, we have submiu.-d Ihis legislation \0 see it die on the calendar of the house and $finale. Basically. \M bills will

" \I 'I!

raiseyour annualliceme fee from $100 to $150. lhe fiTSI increne in si~ years, Another bin will remove an cxcmplion

1lf'1'$

NlII l/ Q{ a//onl l a sltW-

m ,'e; Iuu !/If ill)' V/111'" m em _

Itare

X i l'lw 1fJ(} lIlllll) '

h Q ll r,~ r/f'"t!opilll(

/I 'O/-,It -

(:Urremly granted new bar nlt'mbers who pay nodUH 10 the bar for the firsl

,,'/, ilt p mjff/s

twO years of admi!iSion. The fiscal year Operations, which began October I, 1984. are based upon a budgtt with CUTTenl ~'en\lf'!l of $725.715 andexpmdilureof$77I.26I .

pnl!essi OI, /onI71rtl ...

an apprOximaleS46.000defocil. This is the minimum npendilUre which can be made and SIi!! fulfill our statUlory uspoo$ibilitits. Our Ttvn'6 will be redUo«d 10 approximately 571,000, barring any unexpected financialllfflls. For two years, the board has been

10 III OI 'I! 0 /1 ,.

spo!lsibility area, plus inflation. IL;is taken thoseadditional re-'enues which accrue each year as 4(J().4SO members begin to pay dues.

[am proud olthe commtnt~ ..... t re. tti\"e from tM examlfltfll 01 publIC ac· roonts. follo""ing our audits ...... hich generall y compliment the bar'. fiscal policies and constantly refl«t our~' ling the "&mItnt bang for the buck." Our bar has made great prqJTeSS through the yea rs. but continued growth will IlOl be possible without ;w\eQuatt funding. Wecanoot afford 10 $I'11gfl3t~ too many ol our mmlbers ha"egiven too many hours developing wOTthwhile proj~t5 10 move our pm· f.-ssion forward. We need to follow thl"OUjj:h. How can you help? Each d you has a state representative and state 5el'3tOT. Plea~ contact these persons, and tn· courage tlvir early and fa.-orabie ac· tion on our bills. If there is a special session inJanuary 1985. we will seek to pass these bills then . If wcdo not s uc· ceed in January. the bills will be introdlJCl!Cl in tM ngular !ltSS1on. - Rtginald T. Ilamntr P.S. Our 1984 fiscal year f~res show r«"If"ivro $7O"7.686;n rl"o'elltleS. Wespent $153.429. In our Ma~h ilSue. [ wilt utilize my column to discuss these upenditures in detail. 0

"'t

Pres ident 's P age If",,,, _

am convinced firml;' the success of all pr0gT3mS (}f the Alabama State Bar necessarily relies on suppon at the grassroots. On December 14.1 attended the annual meetingof the Binningham Bar Association. From my standpoint. this was an outstanding occasion, including the annual business meeting and climaxing with the annual Christ· maS party. As your I'resident. I wei· come and al'J>Teciate invitations and the Ol'port unit y to aPJ)ear at local bar meetings. The jlUrsuit of excellence in our I'rofession moves forward. However. there is one alanning negative feature. At the first meeting of the board of bar commissioners during my tenure as your I'resident.1 discil'lined m()l'e lawyers than any I"evious preSident duro ing an entire year. and disciplined half that many more at the second meeting. As if that were not enough . there are more pending complaints than at any other time in the history 01 the organ· izell bar in Alabama. This isan 3pJ>illliog sit uation whieh calls for the as' sistance of all of our members , We lawj'ers mu st sit in pe<!r review of our associates from a sta nd poim of ethics as well as competency, &i"ing them guidance and counsel when needed. We must push forward our "budd y I'r0gT3m" at the local level. enlisting the aid and counsel of e xperienced lawyers to sene as a mentor or buddy for recent admiltee5. Obviously. the need is there. and [enlist the aid of each of you. When I thinl< of lawyers, I cannot (}verlool< the address of the 1I0norable John 1'. Tillman at the annual conven· tion of the Alabltma State Bar held June 17. 1899. where he OOsen'ed: "WithOUt lawyers. the ""ie""" of ju· ri.prude""" would languish. if not die; without honor. lawyen would make that science a me~. instead 01 a l'f'Olecti<HI. to the best inter~tS 01 the SI.te-.• nd lhe .dmini.tn>tion 01 ju.tice would become an ageJlCll of OVI'res,;o". r.t her th.n. mean. for the enforcement of rightt and the remedyin,gofwrongS .. ", .. I W ~thin the limit. of their profWlional duties. they deal with Lorge interests. public and privalO , and their dut;es bri ng them to the very

•

source and fount'ln 01 lUst""" InsJ>ired with the honor which should ~er imp;re them. the Irusts ",PO««I in them. pubt",and prj"ate , wille,'er be guarded and pro\".,ted. and the f<)<lntain 01 justia wHi ever become PUl'ff and dearer, Take from them that honor. and trustS will be t.,. trayed. and ju.tice will become a mockery: and all thi , at th. <x>St'" the poopk" As lawyers. it is essential we con· docl ourselves ethically. professional1y and competently. and that we see our fellow lawyers have proper guidance tOward thiS goal. Lawyers. above all others. must recognire the im portance of and embrace the highest ethical princil'les. [f we fai l to acreI" Our re· sporlsibilit y. "'e will cease to be a pr0fession , 0 - Walter R, Byars

G race 6 . Mcint o s h 1916- 1984 Mrs. Grace S, Mcintosh, longtime secretal1l at the Alabama State Bar serving both Judge John B. Scon and RegirWd Hamner as their personal secretaT}'o died mP,-allville. Al-

abama. on Thursday. N~r 29, 1984. IoIIowing a brief illness. Mrs. Mcintosh was a devoted em· ~ of the bar and had many friends among it. mE'J11bership. She is survived by a son and daughter and severalgrandc:hildren,

Editor's Comments In r,'Cent monlh, lhere has oc't'[1 nwdia mlentl!)11 dcvot~~1 tu VJriOl" ~'Il('(:t' III the 'ociClal dilemma uf child .bus<· Indl~od. ;t h~~ Ix",,, Ylewed In ,omelluancr, w be a "fa,h l(}nable" ,ubj,\i,;t_ The suhje.1 " far from beinR fashionable - II is a rna!!~r of ..,riou, concern natIOnwide and" " problem whIch permeate.,; all OCj!m,'nh of Our SOCI~t)'. bot h rounJ: and old. nch and IJO(Ir, l1ave the lew<lat ,,'C prOCt.'!;!;t'S in Ala, bltma adequatel,· addfl"~1 the lITol~ Icm~ of chIld abu><" 110<"< our judicial syst~m ha"~ the l11C(:haml;!; In place to JlUOI,h I he child abu\oer whIle ,;airguardingtht> constItutional rlRht~ affOfded loall ritilens? What I~ the role of the bar In Ihi, ~late m formulating soluhoo~ 10 the chIld alrow problem' There are no each an,wCr> to lh('St' inquiries. Yet som~ solution' must be wid,·spr~ad

fOTl h"ommg If the judkial and l.,gislat,,·~ proces"", are to fUUMi,," in addr('->,inR child 300'" !(nC"ancC'-_ In thi, i"uc "f The Alabama La",~·.,r diMml'ui,heod Alabltma Juri,1s and har mcmb.,r~ roo>unt the J>Tob1cm. confronw>g (JUr ,tate in this ;orca and nffer sU!(gcstWI1S on how tht· bltr can <:<.Ipe with lh" problem , With th" ",sUc The Alabama l.a ... ~ "r w~komc~ a new m~na~ing ~'!Il!or. Ma rl(3rl'l Dubbcrlcy. "ho h~s r"placed the ma!f<llin~', origln~l mHn' ~inl';oditor.Jen "'owcll . J~n was Oil" uf the guiding force, in Implement inp: the lIew forma! for The ,\1abama l.aw. ycr In 198:1. and her contributions 10 the success of this pubheatlon will be m!sst'd . We WIsh her continued sue· n-;;;; In her ne" Job as .-ditor of the

l.oui .. iana liar Journal. I'.dit(}l'

li;~Slli~Vi

WIIP"UP b y Nobe r t L

ht I<>gislalure r«tnt l}' crl'at.cl4J inlmm commit· lilfi to study "anous issues. These i\ddilions bring

the l~al number of house and senate lemJlClr.llrr and pennanem ,merim rommin'-"l'S to 100. Many of lhese> committee, h~"e limited applicat ion, such as the Coosa Kker NI,-igational project ar.d \heGovcrnors Mansion Ad · visory Boord . while OIhers are !,""manent and ~"Iremtly act;"c. as wIth the ~slal"'e Counc,l. Admimstrall'"C "rocedur<':$ Review Comnllllee and the I~slali"e Com· mittee on Examiners of I'ublic Accounts.

~ lcC"rl cy, Jr.

atfI«nsus bill can be reached that would be supported by all factlOOlIAlthoogh legislators In Alabama a~ part'II~, during the past 5e\'cral J'ear!) their committee aclivity bet,,'een ses· sions has increased dramatically. It can be expected when the k'gislatu~ mO"H to new quarters in I .... okI ll ighway BUIldIng in ~btr 1985, thert ""ill be an ino:rn~in the tTl'nd 1000'aMs a mort full·time legtslatu~ .... t\h addi,ional

siaff.

The It'glslalure has OIM' interim commit lee 5Illdying "ag. ing," cornpllrftl 10 five commiUee!I studying "children:' Ilo""e\~. the ITIO$\ hea"ily studied are;ls are In "industrial de.'clopmcn"· and "agriculture and fishIng:' having IJ

and ninc commiuet's.

r~~pecl i,·ely.

Each comm ittee is

st udying hfoalth. Six rommitlteS an: studying educali\ll1 mailers. with fi'"ecommiul'6 scudyingcrimesand prisons and Ii,'c studying fina0ce5 and budgetsof stateagencies. In addniQn, thert are fi"e uecUt;Ve OVer!i'iht oommill~. The supreme court ha $ asked th~ It'gislature to assist them in foor areas. One committee is studying the feasibil. ityof a new judicial bllliding. This commillee Ius "i$iltd various juo:heoary build'ng$ ar(K.Ind the CWnlry and has obI.ai~ the ~T\'ioes of an a rchitect. T he chief justice requested a select oom millee on the judiciary be formed, but this commitll'e h.1$ nOl yet ~ported. Two ~ standing ;oint comm,llees a~ active each )'tar. The judiciary Com· pensation Commission annually r«OIIImends to the legisla· lUre any p;IIy ra':in for joogtil. T heJudltl.1 Study Comm,s· $1(111 assists in future planning fo.- the judiciary. Th~ In terim Insurance Committ~ is atud)'ing compul. sory automobile insurance la,",'5. T he Prison (h<enight CommIttee has been stOO)·jng Alabil .... ·' habitual offendH Law few- any JXl5Sibie revl$l(N'Li. T he ConstItutional RevISion Committee is st ill in exist ence. but h:u not met in the past year. The Interim Committee s tudying roemployee La,,' suits has met !Ie"eraltimes to llear presffitations from various groups. T he oommillee ht<lM sep;Lra ttly from IndUStry. labor and trial lawyers. A 5ubcommit tee is drafting a bill fo.presentation 10 the fun C<)mmitl~ ; however, it is doubtful a

Four Alabama and Federal Trial Practica Form Books Avall.ble for ImrMdla,e Sh lpmefll ...

o ALABAMA AND FEDERAL PLAINTIFF DISCOVERY FORMS

ALABAMA AND FEDERAL MOTION FORMS

Cl ALABAMA AND FEDERAL ORDER AND JUDGMENT FORMS Cl ALABAMA AND FEDERAL COMPLAINT FORMS

Pari of I aerlel of If'II practice form books by Ro bart S.11. r, Smllh and JOin Mclntyr • . The price of Hch olthaM books is $51,15 plus pOllage and handling. MADISON PUBLISHING COMPANY, INC. 223 EAST SIDE SQUARE HUNTSVILLE, ALABAMA 3S101 (205) 533-5IWO

T he new 1984

<.J\iding the Circuits

~mbersoflheDallasCounty

llarA$!KJCi·

!Ilion an Robert Emerson Annslrong. m. and John David Brady. Jr .. ~h gradual" of the Univer1ity 01 Alabama School of ~w, and Thomas ap ROf/t" Jones. gradulleof 1he Cumberland School of Law. nw, Dallas Counly Bar Association is m the proce$S 01 ha"jog a port""t madeol ,"'" r«ently ll'tiRdJudae F.dgar P. Russell.Jr .. who ~'flI as a Circuil J~ for the Foonh Judicial Circuil for IS Yfal"S (1969--19&1). Etowah Counl y Oar As sociation Tho: Etowah County Bar Association m%I1tly .ted offlUfS. These incl~ Iltnny L Robert s. pr~idt:nt: Douglas Bums. fil"St vio. pr6idt:n1: Charier; Y. lloyd. R> cund v;a, pr~ident: and Michael 1_ Allsup, RCrttlry.\rfjl~.

Surff.

Dallas Coull!Y Bar As sociat io n Tile Dallas County Bar AS$OClalion had its quarterly luncheon meeting on Thur'l<by. October 25. al the lIoliday Inn. Homorable H.W ... Bucky" McMillan, rectntly elected 10 tht Court of Criminal Apptals. was lhe guest speaker.

Ja ckson Count y Oar As sociation TM Scottsboro-Jackson County Bar Association honoml attornty Andy Hamlet with a ~ti~=t dillntr on Tuesday. November 27. 1984. Tho: dinner. held al the Scottsboro Golf and Coontry Club. honor«l the attorney who ~tired after 35 )'ears of practire in ScoIt s boro. ~tiring

Ilun tsvill e · l\Iadi s on Count y Oar As sociation

A PERSONAL INVITATION to

LOCAL BAR Presidents Preslden lS-eiecl Vice Presiden ts Immedia te Past Presidents Ilm1teyou.ourleade.-.ofthc local barU8OClatlOn5 sta\eWkk. 10 attend a '~<Y &peC'IaI meeting to be held during u., AIabarn;t Slate Oar MklyuU" Meeting. Man:h I o!Ir 2. 1985. In Mon tgOmery.1be ptJ'l"J'!'I' or thiS meeting Is toexchange \dea5 and aIm 10 ach leY!: the ma,dmum Ualaon ~1Vo~n the Ioc-.Il bar assocla· lions In Alabama lndl\1duaUyand "11h the Alabama State Bar. I'Itage make plans 10 attend the Marrll

- ,.,.

Sincemy.

In August 19S4. the Huntsville-MadillOIl County Bar As· sociation t~ted as their new txeruti,'e committl'f: the fol· lowing membel"S: Prnidcnt: V;a, Prtsidcnt: Secretary: T~asuTfr

AppointtO Member: Appointed Member: Appointed Member:

W. H. Griffin Jim Tatum Jim !less

Donna Pate Pat G... ,'dI Dick RoehardllOrl

Charier; Sha'·rr.Jr.

N~ rommitlet' chainn", and membrr'l Wffe appointfCi by the newe~«Uli\'erommilt« for all s tandingand special CQIIlmitten, Har.'f)· Moms. the OUtgoing prHidt:nl . ""15 pre5fnlfCi a

9¥tt

ALA.AIIA SAFE'IY •

.fit! - HEAL'IH ASSOCIA'II" LEGAL SUPPO RT SERVI CES D IVIS IO N Consullln,. ' f. . . rth. ov.luUioI>. wriUO" opk>~. .nd ox~n te.llmony I"", plointjff "'" defendant. in tho ..... 01 <>«"pation. 1 uftty and health (OSH"'). tr.lli, nItty. publk laftty and .falth. prod"(\ n Itty. tmplcy.bll ~y .nd dillbility.

Profolllon.1 .nff. Ph.D. 10' 01, P.O . Box 476S Bi<minlham. AL 1S106 (US) n o.6144

•

J-...." I ~

plaque at .he Augusl mo."llIlg In ~ppr'l'e'311011 foY I~ nme ~pem by lum dum'll: h,~ .erm. Mr. Morns \hanluld [bnd Megmms f.......... ll'ffi1enoious La",' Day pr0gram p~IOO b\ hiscomm.lln' A f....'eContlnuing 1.l'K31 EdUC3!1on ~m ,sschedukd for l.lect:mber 17 and 18. ",hlCh ""II pro"ide 611hl hoor!l of

and effon

c....-d,1.

Mars hall Count y Bar Association In July Ihl- M~rshall County Har A:\IiClC,allOl1 .,ll'l"loo a 1lf'VI' slale of offlCt'f'S I.... 19SH!.'>. The)' are: ['resident: VICe "resident: StcrdarylTreasurer.

Clart. ~:'Johnson.1I1. Arab [},,,,,d ' - JOOI'S. Gunu'rs\111e T J. Carnes. Alberwille

Four new members WeTC wdcomoo 10 lhe Marshall (;ounly Bar .'II Ihe meetiTllj, The olllani,.. tion now has a total of 39 members. !;e"cral item, of busi~ "cre diS(u$Soed. including t m, micrdilnung 01 documents III old caSH by Ihl- circulI clerk 10 ~ t~ old coort files.

M obile Ba r Associacion The Mobile Bar Associal1on had Walter R. Brars. Jlr6i· of ,m, Alabama Slale B.ar. u guest speaker fOl" IhlOcIOOer monlh!y luncheon. At this same meeting. the Ad· mi ralt y Commillt'e of t he Mobile Bar Association an· nouncoo thaI. on behalf of lhe Mobile Bar Association. an a""ard will he lIi"en annually ,11 lhe: tJni"crsily of Alabama

~nl

MEDICAL EXPERTS FOR:

MEDICAL and HOSPITAL MALPRACTICE PERSONAL INJURY

Law&hooIand I~Cumbo>rlandSchooiof La ... . T ~a ...·,rd .... ,11 he prest'lltOO 10 lhe slude", a. each school ...·oo ",nIK lhe besl examinatlOl1 paper In tM rourse on adm,raltr II .... In ad(hllOl1. recognillon "'as 1I"'en to Judge Ihnoel II. Thoma. for his long dC'o'OIion 10 lheadmi ralty la ..... and an a"'ard has bet>n named the "Judge Daniel II. Thomas Award in Ad"""'ll\· ... Mobile Bar Association offictrs lor I9&'> are as fo1lo .... s:

I'r,.,.,d;.'111 : lien II. 1\lll.1,,"n l'rcsKk~II-clo.'C1 :

;\111chdl G.tan". Y .

\ 1Ct· I'reo.tdent: ~1a""'all Se.:"",a~~

J. nt'Moo}

Jamt'S II. I'T.... \

Tn"""n'r:

Be n Kilborn

1.iol1d (;. WIlham ,

The Yoong La .... }"trs· Sect;oo oItht Mobik Bar Associa· llOIIeiKloo oIflCffS fOl" 1985at lheir Oclober !Meling. TM\' President: Vice "resident: Seo:retary/ T rra.urer.

Mary EliUlbech Manllply

1. HaTley McDonald. Jr. Walter M. Cook. Jr.

Mrs. Manliply has (he distinclion of being lhe first female preili<!em of I he Young 1.awyers· Secli(}n (}I Ihe M(}bile Bar Auociat ;on e"en though twoof he:r femalecolleagu~ hl"e sen·oo as presidenl of tilt Mobile Bar Association. D

Often First Investigations Don't Do Your Case Justice

1150 Boan:l Certilled ""'lnDrtlly qUlllfled medical .. ,· 1*'!.1n I~ ~!tles . ...uon*1de and _mao who ", ...1.* medal reeord, .fId rUlIf)', We "'-.lew . '1'P'0\I8. Ind gu,o,..nt"", ,n report. you receive. • Fl..1ta IN optIona; fl'om 1150 • E'perlence: 9 years Ind 8000 cues lor (OlIO ut· " ' ' ' ' ' .nomeyl.

• loeti relerenca • FAIt:E books t:Jr OUr

M..:Ial OI_lor. one *M I_word by MeMn a.IU • FRIt:E deWI .... """ conIWlt.oHon *l1h our Senior Mo<IlLIt DIrector.

no. col,

A WOAD OF ADWCEt

"'" _ .... Ut... t .... ond.-_ t~ ~ ..uti "'" r.to.sicaI ~ .... fl\EE, Spon<I

---

t_ .......... 01 .,.,.... ......... IUtn _hot • - " ' ' ' ' ~

Conwmrog

s.mc. eon do "" .,.,.... practlce

T OLL FREE 800-336-0332 (703) 431·3333

The MedIcal Quality Foundation "'" _ _ oIlhd1caH.. C<wtsuftmtI

t...,.. ~ "'~ """"oi!t1" In InRI;ol;ocrkle... .. """, ""'.

nlaku <>rcl<Ilng dill< •• """ In l"><" up h_1g;ot1on . 00 ..~Ikl

""'><- ror ~ 101"-

,~liabI'" "'''oQtabI~d ",po;rt. """t-oc ~

t<otJm<>ny !'l' a

ALBERT MEDINA

-_....

Mlfio-Amd..L~""",,", "'«-.. . -~ ~Eoot l _~

~~-"'" Cot I W-~.

r.o. lIo.o.

.....

c;.....o l_l_

A<dckot ~noc:''''''

,7:n2 ' Moontgo<>mcl)', """",,.,. :)61 ' 7 120~1217-1929

11345 Sunset Hille Road, Reston. VA 22080

•

GHar GHriefs Also elected [0 sen'e as ATLA officers were Gregory S. Cusimann of Gadsden. prC!;iden( elect: M.

Clay Alspaugh 01 Rinningham. first \',re president: L. Andrew

1101lis. Jr .. of Birmingham, second vice president Larry W. !I1orris of Alexander Cily. secretary: and

John T. Crowder. Jr .. of Mobile.

treasure>!". ' A"l W firm s d o na le 52 50,000 to endow 6,'c scholars hips

New a ssoc iation l)rcs idcUl S William C. Knight wa, elwed ~ntl\'

a, president nl thl.> Alabama Delense 1~1wyers Associa· tion during their annual m""ting in Palm Beach, Florida. Knight, a Birmingham native. is a partnCT with the firm olThomas. Taliaferro. Forman, Burr and Murray. Previously. he worked in industrial relations with Alabama 1'0wCT Company. !1. graduate of the University of Alabama. Knight earned his la,,' degree from the Birmingham School of Law in 1966_ Other AI)LA officers elected are joe C. Cassady of Entcrpri"e, .ox· e<:uti"e vice president; Ikrt S. Nettles of Mobile. secrdary and treas· urer: and vice presidents William L. Lee. Ill, of Dothan; Eugene 1'. StUIiS of Birmingham: and A. Danner Frawr of Mobile, Alva C. Caine was ele<:ted president of the Alabama Trial Law. yers Association during their...,. cent m(('ting. CainegradU3R-d from the Uni· "ersity of Alabama in 1964 and earned his J.D. dcgre<! from Cumberland School of l.aw in 1970 and his

Gifts totaling 5250.000 from the Binningham legal community ha"e established five endowed scholarships at Samford Universi· ty's Cumberland School of Law_ The r;"c scholarships honor three living and two decea!;ed members of the legal profession. Ilonoree:s gathered at a recognition dinner with law dean Brad Bishop include Mrs. Betty EShelman (repre>ent· iog her late father. Maj Ilarwell G. Davis); altomey Abe Berko,",'itz; judge James O. Ilaley: Mrs, Stancil 1\. Starnes (rt'presenting her late husband); and annmey I!crbert W. PcttrSQfl.

Com mi tt ee rc -clccts T orl>crt C.e. Torbert, Jr" chief justice of

the

Suprem~

COUrt of Alabama,

has been '<'elected to (heexeculive comminee of the American

judic.11ure Society. a nat jOlla1 Or· ganization for improvement of the

couns. Founded in 1913. AJS is supponed by mOTe than 30.000 con· cerned citizens. Through research,

educational programs and publications. the society addres>;e!; concerns related to the selection and retention of judges. court managemenl and the public's understanding of the judicial system. A graduale of Auburn University and the University of Alabama Law School. Chief justice Torbert Sln'es on the COmmillee to Establish a State judiciaf Institute and on the Conference of Chief justi· ces. lie also is a member of the American Bar Associat ion and the Executi"e Commiuee of the Ala· bama Law InstitUle.

£SAt/m(m , & rlIowit•. Holey. Stamos, P£tuson ond Bi.sAop

GU I'~ rnur

Il l'\\'

,, ],]l<.in ts j u dge'"

Ten ......... ~tme judgo" w<'re "II!X"Il!t"ll In Srpl~mber b) (';",'emor (""'Xl' l. lI'allaL"<! to fill 1»'1I10n. cr'Wlod b)' H" aCi of 1h~ ,\I;,l).lma u.'g1,!atur,>, So,k":lro '" ,n Char\e>. :>:ajjar,J I'(><:hmood I',..,r.un, Wa)oe Thorn and Anhor lIa""". of Ih" lUl h judicial (i!'('uII: ~hke Sut III' of Ih~ III h Judicial ( ir,uil: Sam Ilclam' of the 1~lh Judicial Clrcuil: I'(obl'rl Kendall of the 13th Judic1al.,n:uII: I'(ichmll llomlugh of (he [;ilh judICIal circuli, Tom Norlon 01 tht· U t h judicii'] circuli: and AI Juh"">11 of the l'(u,,,,,11 Count) l)"lriCI (uurl Najj;, r ,;. Georgia n~lI,e, "'" eel ...'" h" la", dt-gn.oe from lhe I'ni""",,), of Alabama School'" 1..;... , li e h3~ b......"fl a l~lr1n~r In Ihe Birmingham law finn I)f Najjar. :-;ajjar. Ilo)'d. Pale & ~kWhorler ~Ince 1 9."~" and ha, ,,<""",..:1 on ~ar ioos C'a1!3('1I1c,; a, a jud~, Prior II) Ih" ".,1t...:1 IIW'. and "nee I~74. l'c,,"~' ,n serv,"II as a .Iatc -enatur, !)U1'l11l!i t hc admmi,tra lion. of John;un and I\cnned}, he wa~ an a .... "lall! [''''Ied ~Ial'-'; at

tor ...... y_l'.w·"'n. a nali"'"f B,r· n"n~ham. ~rarluall~IIr<"" la'"

school a t i!""ard lIni"e"tt)' in II'a,hing1on n.l.. in 19;'>1\ A I(r.Idu3!e of Cumbo..,.land &hooI ,-A I.... ". Thurn '~ Iron. !lirmm~ham, f're-·"""I)· he ",rHod ns a di" roCI JUdgto lor kff~r"'m Cmlllly. '" a municil~'1 judg<' for lrondak nnd as a part,.,..'!'" lIh lhe of j enkons & W311t~_ la", lI"ne~, a 19ti7I1radu~t~ of lhe I 'n" ('I';II Y (If Alabama Srhool of La" and a 1~~;7 admlll.~, 10 Ihc Alabama Slate Har. ""' alw admilled 10 th., Florida liar in 197'l. Bdon' hlh appointment.llarle:< "as on J'f, .. ale ]>r.H:11CC. lur 17 ~'e ars. " ilh th.' Bi rm"Iuhmn lirm of Hane!! & lIaoc,_ Su u k graduated ~umma cum laude lrom Indiana I 'nll·cn.>t~· &hooI of ].:1" m !976. and .,new-Ill hIS all\Xllntmem. """" partner on Ihe Ill" form of I'oll~, Vounl/. ilia· ,mgame. Sullie & PUlnam in Florc ........ _ He also "as admitled 10 lhe TcnOf"o........ 5!al.. Har and prnc tlced fOlJ" lhe Tenncs,,<~' \'al1t,~ ,\ut !tortty. BcI(lrc hi" appointmctlt. ,\d; n" .. "35 as,,~ .....'(i 10 "Iaff Jud!(t' ad\"()eale al Fon Iknmng.l;t.'OrJII3. !-k i, a 198:1 KradualC of the ('mwl'>II)' of ,\Iabama School vf La" and w(>rk('(i ;" m. execu t 1\ c "",,"ant

f,""

10 Chief JU~lil"<! (C, Torhm and "' a-.slSlanl dislrict allornc}, for the 1~lhJudlC1alcircun A oat"eol !':'t>rgrt'Cn, i{cnd" n I(r3dualed from I he lio1lcn.n;- of AIal).lma &h .. ,1 (>f L:.w on 1!j()3. II" was ;In a.,;veialC and partn,... III lhe la", 11m. of John'I'm,john,Ion & I\Coo.11l unto! 1<)!I.l, and a \'nlll"ll Slatl'" Magt,lmlc for lhe ..,..,Ihern (1"lnCI "I Alab.1ma

11961\-711. Durr"" Jlh. of Monll(\m,"'l')', gr;>duall..:l In 1970 from the ['ni,crslll of Alabama 1.3",' Scholli. !'n:"io,,,I}· he ha~ ""orke"ll a. a p.trlnN in two Monl l(Om,'r~' la" firms. a, an adjunct on,lruClor for Aubu rn t Tn1lc,,,'yal Monlgon>l'fv and as an tlCling count)· JudI!". Aft .... ""omg Ihr,-",)'cm. of tIC· 1,,·cduIY, Noo-ton cnlcre<i and ~r:ldual<,1 from Ihc Uni,,·.,;tI)' of Alabama !Xhool of I_~" Norlon .... r.·ed a_ a~I~lanl diMncl anor· liel and d"1I1a all"""'l lor Hald", on tuum~' . ['nl,1 l!lI!:l. J"hn~" n .... ,,("11 on Ihe hoo,,<' "f I'cvr~nlat ".,,, . I'r....oo~ly, he' "a~ as;;"t~nt d"t nel anome)- for Ru""",U (ooml_ joon >On "a nal " .. of Stak, ,\Iabama. and a ~r:ldU3W ut Cumberland S<;hool"/ J_~",.

&\bout ~fembers, &\mong Firms About Me mbers II. Ken" " Timberla ke , of the Huntsville finn Timberlake & Gam-

mons. recently was named Boss of the Year by the Huntsville Legal Se-

ti~

Nicholas with the firm for the prac· of law. Offices are located at 211 Nonh Conception Street. 1'.0.

Ro y J o hnson , ti l. and J oe l C. Watson are pleased to announce their partnership. with offices at Jes·

I)rawe!" 2025. Mobile, Alabama 36652. Phone432·1671.

sup Building. P.O. Hox 987. Alabas· ter. Alabama 35007.

cretaries Association.

Jac k B. 1I00d, formerly of Birmingham, has been appointed as an

assistant United Stales a1 (orney for the middle district of Georgia (civil

division), with olfices in Maron. Rich a rd Volenl;ne, Jr .. of Tampa. Florida. was named recently as assistant gen~11I1 COUnSl!I10 Citicorp Savings of ~lor;da. Previously he seC'"W as r"';on31 counsel for Citi· corp Person·to-Person, Inc. Volentine was admi tted to lhe Alabama State

Ba rin 1980. David A. Nihart is pleased to an· nounce the rducation of his office 10 Suit e 204, Tit Ie Insurance Building, 164 SI. Francis Street, P.O. Flox 8101. Mobi le, Alabama 36689. Phone 433-1986.

ATMVT WE DO ONLY ONE THINGAND WE DO IT WELL. At Mississippi Valley Title we admit we're singleminded. That's because the only thing we deal in is title insura nce. And since that's the only kind of insurance we sell, we're the best in the south at meeting your title insurance needs. !n fact, we're the industry leader in ti tle insurance. We've got a staff of professionals with years of experience and are fully computerized to serve you fast and effiCiently. Come to Mississippi Valley Title. Even though we only do one thing- we do it better tha n anyone else. Mississippi YotIeyTltle Insurance ComparP(

~ ",m.off~, ~ J.>d<son. MS 39205

W illi am Ro be r ts Wilso!). Jr., recem ly was named public relations chairman for the Mi ssissippi Trial

Lawyers Association.

Among Fi rm s The law firm of Mc Dcrmutt. Slc l'i" ". Windom & Hecd is pleased to announce the as>iOCiation of T. J u t; ,,,. Mutes and Stcven L

U;.rry Gordon T c: rr"no,," an· nOl.mces the opemng 01 hisla,,· dfa. Offica are Iocali!od al 150 ('.oo.~. n!tll! SI""'t. Suitt ~·A. The La· clede. Mobile. Alabama J660'l. Phooe

432·61 11. P a ul M . II d n e r. atl(ll'l"le)' al law. formerly IssistantltlOfl"lt)' general.

SUtt 01 Alabama Surface MIning Commission. announct5the opening 0( his offict> for the general practiCl: 01 law at 7216 First A,·tn..., North. Ilirmingham. Alabama 35206. Phone

The! law firm of Hrad ley. Aranl . HOIIC & W h ite .s pI~std toano nouna' Mary louise Ahen m : Jo· · SC llh H. Mnys. J r .. Urnxton Sche ll . Jr .. and J o hn K. Mol en ha"e bro>me =mbi'rs of lhe finn. aoo Ral,.h II . Yield in lC. ra tricia T . M. nd l . John D. Wah..:m . 111. J a y 1>. St. Clair. Hobert M. Couch . J . Uarry J ones and Grl'l/Ory II . li n ,,'Icy ha"e bKome associated wil h the fim •. Offices are located at 1400 I'ark Place Tower. Ilirmingham. Allobama 35200. I'hone 2524500.

The finn of Ste phe ns, Milliron", II lIrrison &: W ill ia m s is pleastd to announce Bruee E. WiIl inm s has bKome a member olthe firm. OffICeS are located at 333 Fran klin Street . lI untsville. Alatoama 35801. Phone &3J.n11.

Announceme nt s for this column n.u S1 be recei " ed by th e fir~1 d3 )· of Ihe mo nth pr ior 10

,." b]icalion date.

83&"". Sarah Kat hry n Fnmell announ·

ces the relocation 01 her Irg;II re~~rch

practK;e 10 Ilmninil:ham. Offi· 1905 Woodlane I'llICe.Birmingham. AI~toan.a 352U,.

How to Avoid the Disciplinary Board

~"t.'lI art located at

Phoot 979-J6..1a The Ia,,' firm or Tu mer. Onderdun k &: Kin.brou ith . I'.A .. la kes pleasure in announcong that IIl1lro ll W . Turller and Fra nk W oodson. J r .. are associated wilh the firm. The I.,,· firm or II ry. ,,' . McNeill &: Poole takes plea$ure on announc-

Ing thai Johll Da"id Urn d)·. Jr.• alld Amy Lee 11I,I(li" have bewme associat •..:! wilh t~ firm.

FQllowlng a," 17 w8)'t lOavoid haVIng 10 coma before lI'te ()jacipllnary Board ot the Alabama SUIte &11 A$$ocla~Qr\ aa prepared by Aeailtanl Oenn CounIIeI John A. Yung.lV. (Th_ gUldalines ... !)Qed on a e!mtl!lr .mele ~ in II'te July 1983 edIbon 01 r ll<! CoIotado Lawyar.) 00 n o l _ any _ YOU'" "'" C>DII'l 1110 _

2 00 not . . . - ' " ....,. _ _ lOU eo not ..... "'" 10 PI-'t' """*3 Put IIIlIee agreeol.'" ,n w...ng eI8arty wor_ , Keel> ch_ compllllely end corresponOetlC<l ~

'"""'me<!.•nd ~"'" ct _

COpIM of an plea " _

B e _ , " predo<:\lOlll OI .. oc-=-

The firm 01 Cli m e" & Ca rnes is

6 OO""' ........."Yo.gr....-or. II 1.... """""''''''_....... ''... _ _ 1l

pleastd loannouna' T im Rile y has

1 _""IOBct_aIlOYIanylII.ng • _ _ ...~ _ _ or~ . . a ... ' I .

or·

becrme associaled " 'nh the firm. fica are Iocaled al 11).1 Nonh Em · mett Street . Albcrl\'.lle. Alabama 35950. Phone 878-2461.

Du nie l N. T hom a s and Roberl E. 11K)" are pIe;Istd to announce lhe f(l!'111atlOO of a finn for the gener.al practia. oil3W IInder the name of Th" mlls a nd Ison . I' .S.C.. wilh 01.. riCH located at 1302 South ,\ I ai n Street. 1'.0. Box 67S. lloplcins"ilk'.

Ktntucky 42240. J e rry II udson . atlOfl"lt)' at La,,'. announcn the opening or his offICe al 601 SeYent""nth S'rctt. T uscaloosa. Alabama 35401. Phone 752·0501.

--"

8 W"""'.w pronoplly

~ ~

beto" ... _

....... _

.. 100 ~ 00" /I rout'

9 00 not_ comm'ngletund. lromyour l*oon.t"'COIImor~lIQCOUI'lI _ B_

. II .... BCCOUtll

e._

BoItc_~.~I>"".iIlI'

•• HaYe an et'Ie<:II •• all(! dOc .... ~ 10 _ _ _ oIloIM" ~ h nu and _alICe dales. 12 Do "'" _ ~ono",. _ poOl;lleoro• .,.,.. ,nte .a OQ I'IQI _ I e to

:>0"'_

r_ .

ml1lBr IQ otIo .. CO .. ""'" or to a _ I e COlI""'. w ..........

matter ~ l:Ie'\'ond yoo' "perbSe •• Donotgofl"'_.nbo./al'- _ _ _ 'S Do nolfllOOl ~

",,,,""""""'ope _ _

•• Donotaccoop!Daq.o "oma _ _ you.Otrout' jI1I'WIIQoQf_~.ok'_ "'" ..... . . - .,.,.. are ""'-'Y ...... IO.,.-..or.

gO!

a shell janvned in lhe chamber 01 her

I irI10ked • ogarette (not , VIf9'U SIimI, thank you), swallowed my pndt """ walked over to the .....arest hunlers

The Trial By S/Iondy J . Grisham

~WOk~ this mornins at 60'(lo<: k in ~ cok! $Weill, anl'ocipating ",,1\111 could wei be the ~I cl\Allmgot thus 1M in fTlI} IIedgIing legal career. A bog court

CaM? acon/erenc;,. withlljudge? myfiql deJx*loon? None u thoeMo, but rather.

the "finn DoYe Hun!.· Thill EYomt "'<loS des'y:oed to bnlg the Iawyen in the firm closer together _ a chance 10 have some 9"Qd dean fun. Howewr. /IS the first woman lawy0' in a firmolll, I had found myseII wor.denng ~ the p!.Irponed camari!do1ie was WOI'lh ~. Eve.yonI' .carlM QUI ....,m,g I waI lOme KIrI 01 great white hunter 101' /II ~"'I !'NO I) I am from a..ke County (you krI(JW .....tIll! Wi! . . do for enlertairYrotnl there), and Z) ..... "'Iher wi'S II "xk shot in hill heydey (and lllal 1IQr1 of 1,"rog has 10 be passed down, ev<lll to II daughter). My ego ~ng Wkill il iJ, I had done ""'hing to disJM't the notion I tould iIhooIlI fly off the ba.ck of a moving cow at ISO ~ds. bul loo:lolr,o the tTllW had conw to prOW' it.

,,,asons:

I fell ...."," coo diont"'! with an 1II'lCIINII. _liruaIoon - ootwitl-6tanding the lacl I had been g<adualed with honon frQm Law school and my parenti assu." me I am ~ and ,espected by 01101! and .... I faced the possibility (albeit remote) of IoaIng my ",Kious iob ~ I were u1'lllhklto Raila lew tinle gray birds. Talk about lhingi liMy newr taught us in Law IIChooI! My fir" hint of trouble was wI>en fTlI}

.. ~~nWldedook. informed ...... I (Ihe only 1Io'I)man, .e"oe,,~r) ",as 10 be f""~ lor pr0viding k.J...:h and beverages. TheIr _ . .anees llIal II'Os tMk "''''5 ass.gned 10 me based on the order 01 the letterhead and r>OI my gender did little to quell my Ikep-

ticism. Although they might ha...., con· jured up rnag.slll my..towingover baked h.om """ ~ato saIaod. [ planned to hiwe the IIostlllugh on "the !JUY$" - deli $¥I(\. wiclws. potatO( ..... and~. aI on the linn voucher. AnoIher problem area, as the , ...... drew .....ar. Maft with dilemmas my male counterparts had newr even coosidered. 'o,wit, ",hal color ey.e lhadow goes with ,,,,,",,,,fIage? "'hilt ahoukIl do with my hair? <iamond earrings, or ""art? My mother had speRt untold hours prepar. Ing me for ewoy ~AIObIe 5OCi/lI "'" counter. hom the . . Khool prom to business "-ImgI, but tla was beyond her ken. "Drnainsfor SucceK" cert.,ny o/f",ed no suggestions. Despite these obstacles, I mado: ~ to the appointed meeting place hom ",rnch we".,.".e to driVI! in one or twovehicles 10 the dow field, reporre<iy located rrW from cMliulion SOO'IleW'here in Baldwin County. My I»WOfkerl, ever mindful 01 the fragibty and lack 01 niWigocionai ... 51inet found on lemlles 01 the Soulhern school, set oil WIthout me, Ieavmg me wilh only a handodrawn IMP beamg cryplic ref...e1ICes to l<!OCe lines """ poe.

on the fodd, e xplaining my predicame111 wilh a shy $l'l'lile. The conspirat~ look my coIleaguH exchanged t<.>l<l me lheir wo"t fears conc ...";ng taking along "Ihe woman" had been conlirmed At thito pOint, I had defPtely decided I thouId haw Slayed ... ho:>me. Happiy, however, tiling! picked up. The doua flew. and I rnan;oged 10 kill I\0IO b,nls WIth only four boxes 01 aheIIs. MV relief when the first dow feU was akin to the I",UIIg I had when I lel>rned I had pM5ed the b,)r e><3m. AU in l1li, ,t was an extremely ~ """ educatoonai dao,o. Among the lhings I Inrrvd: I) If you are a Io!""lype ~ 01 tt.. bar II6IIQOatlDn, you may III owl cut your fingernails before you gDdove hunl. ing. becauH you will ~ hIwe any left when you gel back. Z) It it still a man', world, and il takes .,.."..,tMn aJ.D. for awoman to mal<e ,I OUI there. 3) It IS more important to be a good sporl lhan to be a good ahot, whatever you. gender.

And.. bi the _ worth iI.

- It.. camarade-nt WIll 0

can orchards. Nonetheless. I eventually lound the doYe field. After WI! lavored the elaoo. rate kin," I had "prepared.- WI! look OUT appointed places around the perimeter oIthe field. My moment 01 truth ",... last approachmg. Alt",iong "".... 01 arne· iou!i waiting (tM dove hunt'll9 busiroess can really be qwte boriny), we Spotted our prey. I shot and, of course. missed. No big tragedy, The problem was lhal after the f<Ht sOOt. lhe great white hunter

to,.

Solid, J. Grisham ;$ a 1984 ad, m;lI" lalhe bar alld #"IIi/Mlfft qf

lIN U.. i~rsi" of AlabalNll Sclrwl of 1.11... dt" she"", alTtiJ>k1l1 af 1/" /)NII M. I~ lIarriso ..

A ....rd, SIte is aSJ«;"ld trilh 1m Mobile hi", firm of C""/t, lit/illS' 1111(. /.Jf.I'1$ & Si"I$,

Judge Johnson Receives Devitt Award

.... ,"

more c,,",,"

""Y ta....-,.er! .. a W",,'on CO\.IIIty ~,~ d !...:Wr.,J /IIdge JJl ...ilh tho>

01 MC~,

. Johnson was ""me<! to ~PPl·.>ls CO\.Irt

"" ,

Cal""",

, ,

Ihe~t25

He held

,he U.S.

'helaw, for

"FroNt '"',,...m ;" 1"- lalli, aNd

'Ill /a",

is A ","iea. "

J .. dlle J oonson (ce.ncr) ,,-i • ., former U.s. "",,",ey Oaylc ,' .. ,,-,,11 ('ch) ,,-h .. Icd ' he e Hon to nomina . .. J ohn_ ...... , a nd D"'ijth, I).OPI",nnan (rillh' ), I'r"-~ id,,n' 01 Wc,;, 1' .. l>Ii.... ing Company

,he audience dunng the c... e· wilt. the Ie·

"o~t" .11ok... . \I..' ....TUo' ....... ~. ""

....

~,<

Sr.

lla"" .I<to", • ...

-""n> F..,,/<>I.ia , I~h.

na"i,·, F....otl ....· ~ ,II"'~' K" T~n"a" Earl ,1'10'''' J,. , ;nd,.... ~ J ...· ~'n" ,11,1_ H., ...·n Qui .. ,1.1..'" 1\0"""'" H;'-~~' .1",. 1\".'......• 1I~""1 ,11,'1. ,Iud,,·) f.......,...· .Ind.·..... ,

I~'..,;""'''. I~,""..,..

''''"~~.,,.

I~'

J , . ..

,1<'1 ' , ... , ...... II.... "", Jc.

1I.,b<-<I \\1... .......·)" 11<-.....·) II<·' .. ..I Io·"".,.!'" 11<-._ III"",} (;",,, ... ,, ,10..,' .... \"al II .,,, 110.,,· ....

'k·....a".·r . I.) ,uta ,I"" UiKk'r Ito,,,,, lla)·'.... Jr . •. Ilt-." .. '""d II....",". 1Ii_" Ilbtir ." ... "" •. , J ....... , ...

U i,""'~

S....n,. I I1ac~

1100.·.. C" ..;. ,U~' ,"" 1101 ... ,., 'k~li ... C,,';,ooll« " •. " ., II'~";K II' ...

s.."""n

,'. ...,... na"d',·, Ik""" ,

....... .

1I ........ IIII.m"."" Ik.oond. . 1)0" id A<HI;" I~ .,,, 111 J .... " 1I" 'id """')'. J •• fmd<-..... ~ 0,;.-",. " ........-eO 111 So.." M .. min.1I"" ,""'.'Q ..

c...,;, (;,,,,010 .., II ....·.KI'.·. J<.

II"·,,.·,. Jr. ..

J,~" . ~1an"')· lI ri",

II,,,,., .. Carm;'-"""" II ...· ~ . LJowIa E..... 1I"",'n fJ,,,,,

II.".

II"'........

Ha)'

I)....... ,

11uI~

.... _ _ (.~

11 ... ,.,.

""....., " II"ad.-U.• "k·,

J,~,,, """'~"'"

.... _

..,~ .., 11."'_

I~,

( hark. t:d ..·~", ' ''' ...... "

," ;.-. ,I"" ,,,,,,, •. ,,

.., •__

I.·".; ....... , •_ _

E.. ,,·..... '" ,I" " .. ""'K 111

.1'"",,,,,, G., .....~"

11.""_ ,...""_ 1I,,",;.IIIm •• , 1.,1<0.", ""..;~ .., 1"'''''1.......1 "'n..~.,..

",<," 'n ll..dd . I"', ..· ~

K,~ ..·...

, .. IH'" 1_ _ 1.'0.. ~,,,

....... !O·I_. '100110 .... ~~I."'. I~, .. ,,,,,,,,,.., , .. "'_

'10""_

n; ............. ,..... _

. 1.:."",nI.... ,__

n;.-.. "'_ n;, .......... ,,,,,,,,,,,, , ,,.. _ _

I....

U."'_

'~"',

._,.,........-. ,-"

.,;"m,~

U.I<o ,...

" ... n",,·_, ,U.... _ ... _

j,..,. """'-",,

I~,.." .... ",...... _

,'10"'_

,.1..... _. ... T...... ('" .... " .."'_ 14, .. ,,,1(i><,,,. ,'10 .._ lli".,;"p..",. ,11,,110_ ...11.. _ , .• .-, ..""_

'/oh" ,. __ '_,1 __ .. M_ 1_ _

. J , " - " , I_ _ ~iJ, 11or""_

.......... "'. "...... ..... n; ....".,. ..

,.-,"',

I. ,,,,,"J{IHo.'. ,110"""", . ~ ..;'k> :;ioI, .... ,1 _ _ 11... _ , . .• .- ..... .-

J,"''' ''h,~" lIu ' ' -' " 0 . 1....• t:II" BU'II<' ",."k)' ( ;".~ ""'Mo' .. C" ' i~' S.. i<ld, lIu,""" U...·jd F"'nUi" 11)'<.... J • .

11<.,,,,,,,.

~ I..., II),'"

...

SNron 1\.)', C.. n,~ P H..... Sim ....... ' C., ..... Ik'n.",d 11"",'" C. ...

.... ) '.)·n M,·S.b!, C..." .

..-_o

G" • t:.J .. ·".d C•• ""d)' '" J,,)"'" ,I"n (.,,,.,, U..-id Ilri'",,11 Cau'''on. Jr. C"",Ir. " • ." C........·, CI"-;" "I'h<"' Si~ .. C..........k .. M ..·~· I Ii .... ~nK 0...,

0",,1r. La"..., CIa" 1I ~"'n 'I .. """,.., 11.,~ Wand •• J"" •. C•• ·h .... " (:t •." .\la,."h~" ( ."""..1....·..· "'·~ St,~, (......:',., ...... £<I ..·""' C...... t:....,"'· ea.....) ("""10 ....

c....;"'" '" II ......,., ,\", ...... ) C<to"",,, .. II.....·" .1.u'1"'~ (ou.: h II ,~'.·) F.. ,,,·.·. c.;"'. .:....., .... " •• ri<Ii.

Mkha<' ~d" ",d Crt" ...·11 T<rr, .\1;.-....., C,,"""' 1110"" Ilorton 0.;", ..''''1<-1d

C....,. ..• CoI~n C. .... ~. J •.

M.' ....... 'ho,". Mi« .... U lIobo" 11.0,,',.10;)' I).. .....

J~ ...... CIa)'''''' I).,' ~'.

J ••.

11;.- .. ", 01 t:uK"'" LJ •• i"

'·I"...,h, C~" I)m'i,

-""",h K""", ..... ) I" 'J"",,

,II ... ,........ II(.' U... _ l/ul",II'. , ...... _

I~, .. ,.,.. ... ,

110""_

I.,..;..... ,", \/... ,"" . 1'.,..__. ...... _ •• .\"" 1'..... ,\'" 1'...

,.,,,.....,.., 1_ _

/1,''''' ...... 1_ _

1.·,............. 1_,11-_,... ,...... _ .. , (.11_ •..• "''''_ I.·, .. ,oqf/HI ... ,110100"",

,1. .1..... ,..... _

,.r, /Ii,.., ....... ,.... _ ..• Il...

,1 ..... _

II.....· ,. _ _

.\ I,·'I",'a ... ~ ......'" ,,,, fth~ Jd''''~ 11" .. ·.,01 ,);'" ( ... I~ Sh .....) Ilillan:l

lIobrk, "101.",,,,

j/<·n"''''''·'''111

1"""_

......___ .....-

"""'11"""'" III......, 1"_""

,,......, ,

1<0,.. ,.,.. ......... _

,,~,

I ••"" ....... , _ _

,....._

I~''''''''. I.,p/I ... 1..1<0_ I~'"" oqf/HI", I .."" .... 11........ 1..1<0_

I~,

1.,.,"I(Ino".. '10.._ , ••",,><)11..... \I",, ~_ ,...

,'10..._

T _ . .__

IloonN-' H..·..., ......... . J,. ....... So... " .... ""' ... ... II"'".... J ~K"~ ~-,,· Id TI"""" 1 W'P'" tl,·""". ~,,)· , •

, '101i00i,,,.

11... _ " . , .... _ Ik...,...:IIo.. 1"... _

f . .... )· \'arb",) t:nlll,·'''·''

.11.......·' ~ ...... " nl"II<"

.......

1_ _ .., ......., ., _ _

t~'''''

,10..,."" .. ,I"",· t:lII.

..'110_.,_ JI.lo4-. , _ _

1.,..,'<J(#k". 1".._

. , .. I"'pJt",•. IIoJ;,_

•••

1.·"."RJt/«I... ,11..",_

',,""id J . .." .. ,....... ,"'< TinK"")' ...... "'.;, ......... , ... T,..""" ...no ...·; .. J,. '''''·i<!I1, ....... F..... ....,. II.......... ,..,.,...,...... >d .... " .... Wi!lia, .. So.nky G.....·• • J •. , ;,~ ,\on (ia' .. i .. ~ •

J.",,'.

Ik'........... " ..... _ Ik' .. ,...... ,1 ..... _ I ...., ......, , _ _

,-,-..,.,.....,.--

I~' .. ' .........

......

., "'.•" .._ If,,__

Su."" II.~", .. " l;I'm"" K.~,,· '"

s"",,,,cr",II,' \\'ilk~ ....... Gi,,"n , Jul" Mdlo."",kI {;" )'cr ,\ .. h", 11,.."" G,.. .... "

,' - -

11".... """'... ,IIotJ;,_ I.... ,,.,.,.. ... .110""_ I~

.... owtoo ... .-110 ... _

. ,.".......

.. , A.llk-y Gn""", n;'............. A_ _ Ja""", J,. _Nllr. ,.".._ II.........,. , _ JuI", s.,~, G"......" , .. ' ,........ I~· ... .-........ ,1,, __ ~b ........ lIur""'",k 1;,,·<, ..• .. , ...•• " •.• 1.,.".K'oa ... AIo""_ s..",I"'J"liri,....... .... ,.,.......... , .... .II"'~'. Aloo/lol_ n ..... "'. lIal. .. I~, ..;........ ,... /101_ lla"id An .......y 1I .... b>'.J •. , . Cbu1t lIodjI< ... IIa","""'" /1,,.,; ........ ,. _ _ Mio<_ 11.'1"" ,1 _ _ Ck'O lla.. . .. I~ •. ,. _ _ 1·.'....·10 S<ak, 1I••• d I.,.. ,. . . . ,1 .. __ \· i.i~" .IIun., lIer"o",I," "'" I~ ... .-~~ ... ""' __ Joh" 'Io·n""n .. " •. """.. Ik, ... ill,flo" .... "101""_ T..... ,In"" II"",,", 11._.-...1 , .. __ I).......

I·.......,..G..,.,,, (;""'... Su""".",.

&....,... "....._

s..........

J."""

T-.

SIwt"'" K"" II",',,, C.,, GI ....... II ........ y

. I ¥.... " ..... _

. , IWI ( "". ,. _ _

"'<lOR S, ..... IIu1Ii .. "',,·..... h J,II.-.-)· .:.I .... n:lI1"'...... J ..... f.~lritllI<' 11"', • Wi";.", Gn~' II .."" .•• J.. 1\.«" ,I",'ron II , .. " • , I ' k ~k

T_ , ." ,, _ _

I ............... 1_ _ 1~ ....·'<J(#k .... , ...... _ ' . ,11•• ".,_,.• .-'10 __ Ik, .. ;OJi/o>". ,,"' ... _ fl _ _.A..... _

Ei ..... " II"",,·

lI.nd~'1

,.II-'_ry-. ,"' ... _

\ '1,,611 II".""... .51_) Soi,h """,'....

-' _ _". 1_ _ I,........ , _ _

I'.,.'I .... II Q..·d

1\0_)

I."",;"""" .. , , ....... _

1>.1,,"_ , ..... _ 1_ _...., , _ _

, . _....... ,1 ..... -

I.".."...... ,__

r _ ,....._

lI'iII;om S", •• I..""""" ... , ...,. f. .. .ltwt GiI<hn,..II.....·• Will ..", II,"'"·,·,, lit...... Jr. M.rk And"· ..· ' ''' ..... .. I· ~' ..·) 1\'i"Kfi,'1d E",') 111 I\' illl (ft" I:d,," "I. •

J,,,,,,.h ' ... n~f ..... "

,t..J,.,.. ''''''',...

,1 ..

t....J.d<-. , .... _

') •• ,~' ."d.a""h,AAi", ('""d" ~d"., ... '" .... '",·)· II' mll'< Jr.

T""'-. ,..... _

.....,..... 1_ _

I~'

J"',,, (~" ...~ 1M,'" ""'",'a St ..... ,,,",.,,1

1.·,.,;......... 1_ _ n;""' ........ , ,1 _ _ I.,.......... , 11... _ .11...... '10""_ I.· •.., ......... '101"'_ T~...... _

I............ U.... _

I.,.........., ,__

..,

f. ....·IO. K"","'I1" .. ",·

.. 1_-

~ .011....... ' ........

F.<l .. . ....·"', ...·, ' 1..0.....

J"',,,, ""'''''').

"hilip " .... nliJi" 11 ", . .. ,_",

" .......11••11'<''''''1. ,..""_ .• , " •• "."'-U..... '101100 ... .11•• _ .., 1"__

1)O~

",,' ...·.11' Wl UIo ... G. II ,·....... J.. J_ "n II )'<HI,

I·"..

,I"'f '~

' ' 0/11 • . ,

Joh" f..rI'!' 'nK""'" J,.

t:,.....,,,·," ( .."",,,,;,, J,.'",.""

Willi"", Il"'jd J" .... """. J,. J, .... "" S,'d",')' Joh"."'" J •...,,,,, '''-'' J-<>nt.. M~Io"'I. )· nn J •....,. U... ·i<!lIria" IUnt 1101 ..... LJ.a.·id I\~ .....). S<. J ul" Eli",,"",h Kd'm" I ;"....,,)· lioll )' ".,..... lI k-ha,d ,\I k" ••: I I\ ,·"",,,·. , J,.

/Ii, .. .- ........, .. ,,, __ ,~.,.,

.- 1_ _

JI.... i.~ ..... 1/< ............ ,1 _ _ ,./I, ,,,,,,,,",#-' , .. _ . . 1""-,,11<. .-1 ..... _

tkll.i,,"".... ,101110_ . ...•1.... '·,,110""_ . , ..'Mo"', ,.... _ r....,.,lIr. 1_ _ , 1_..... _ _

(/0,_. ,....._

/; ..... Il.N .., ..... _

r""",-- ,.... _ I ....ROJ

L.",

,I.,., ....

1101, .11 .... ·' .., , ..,.,_

1.... ""11. ,\ ...1" K~ .. , .11,·Ii, ... ".1.., K"", ...... ri"'.,..ho.·.K.·'" Ja"",. \1 i_d Kin;,,,, Ja"",.I1",,'_ K_, 1..11.·. . lit ...·... K)'" fJj",br'h IIad<UH I.. , ...... !'.,Ii<. M~Il"'. I... , ,'01 , M.dod""" M..... I .... k· .. TIoo ...... Ja_" I ....·. J •• Ii .... WiIlia,,, L..,., .;li... I... ,1o ,I"",' I~" ,. " I...,." ,\I,,,.,~k·, IA"'") II kh.rot 11.· ... 1.·...... , I~".in II,,,,",,, '''' •• I~"'I" III .;m",,·" ll.)·"", I ~, .. ·,·. Jr. II,~"," ,11!>d',·mi.· III ,I,leli. Sml' lI .-.",tJ", , Ti",,"h)' Jo" ,IIal/<-·. ,.;;,1 ..... )· r,.. ..'n· ...'" .11..;. .... J •. I '~'''';'' 1'"., Mand. ,\1 ..· ...... 1 ~lIio" .I r a.~ U .... ,\J~ ..... ,II.",h J,"'n I;"" .\1 ..... 1"'110)'1,\"" Ma' .....·' ,Inn ,\I~l ro.k! J....,...,H"" .\lan. John 1J"" i~ ~ I .-L>rd I~· .. i. Iii ...... ~t,., ••• J • . II .........,.M .. II ..·." II,,)'" \\,m• •" ... "", \l Hldk""" III (h~""'. IA~' .\lllk •. J •. J, ...... ,,,, Ilkhad 11111," " . ..1,111,,'" .11 ;11," Th," ,, ~, Ii .. ,., .\ lill,·, S)h1 ~ IH.",,,· ~li"" "'11 ,11 .... 110 II·il .. ,,, ~1<" " II<''''''') T.",,,,y J",'~""" .II""'K'.'''·<) lIal,,,, So."I,·, .'1,,' .... .. ""'~ ( "",I,,·... ~ ,1 (",';" ILorl", ... "" • • lle ) .I .... "'~i,, II •.....," J"" .... .IIullkan :"i,""'" Ja ...· ~Iu .. I1<· ...... :\k........... :"i~I(ri<·h I·.·,~, .II,,,,~ ...· \,·jl K8,1>I<.·" .11.... \01 -:,·aoi.h L-....n".. 110) ~..-. I " ",10.11 ,II;""" " •.,.,. \.· ..',·11 So".·,·" I...., \ ..."'••• lilt ....... \1"''''11 Suk-n So.·".,", ...,........'1: ..... \\OIli,,,n II.", ....... MiI,·, I ~,, ' .. '" f ,;,'", 01"' 1,,,,·, • ;, ......., (i,;rr., h U' lInr ~1.,,· a ' II .. , id U" .1,·, II i,·h. rot .11 i", h,·1\ I' a ) "" J .. ni,,,· II ... .,,·, , .,'" ..... "' Sin"."n .· 'a"~li" I',·.. "", II II.,,' Hd"nrd 1',...... ,," ,I I",;"" U",I"" I'hilill" l/cbo ..... b ,I"" I''''l.·,,, Mu,k 1'><',", f'i'~H" F.o1t-, ,\1""" 1',.·llni .. ,l(c~'''' ,I nn I'"",,) ,I .. hu. T~'"" 1'".. oil III llil' .... S) 1<'.... , ... I'ri<r II 11>0,'" II'""" ·,, I'...,.., .... J ...... I' ",,~ .... II 1)o,·i<lII .nl.i" Quill_'le, 11 ........11 ""'1,, ilion ..')' II,""'" 1>..·1...... lI.n' ...·) I'., ....... "Iokl H,·. ,Ilk .. J" II~ ) ,', II,~' '''' .)"" I ~'" II,~'''' G.......... U~n ..·1 11,·.·...•• I'"m. ""Ii,,, lIi,,·b.·)· It l J,,..,, 1),,,,IIl ", III,'''''' Ja",o> 1',·",.,,1 K"I,,'" '' Je.

"n."'"''

\1._ ,

"'.>(;.........

\1",,,,,'

-,- ..-

1/.._ · " . 1..,""Ik'_ ....... 1""'_ Ik_ ...... ,~,~

U••" •• ,. ~.-

Ik ...' ....... 1,~..... _

.. .

,..,"'.."'r ... ..- ..,""-

I~, ........

Ik' ......... Ik' ..' . . . . 1;,..,_, lorli (.",,f,.

( ... , .... ". 'Ii< .. .'.,1'111 ...., 1"100_ 1...",.."I(ho" , 1I...... 1'",.,"I(ho ... , I.... ",,,, I'" '","I(ho '., 11<0","", I,f, ....". I "","1M '/M.

......,. ""..., '" ,..... ,- ~-

... ,--..-

II".., . . .""

,-,_. ---.. 1/....~

,-"

1I. .",i/Io,

1"'14_,

~.-

.,,... ... IId/,.

,~-

I.,.,., ,1/..100_ "'I>,.'~' , ..100_

,~.

I...,...,.,...., , ..100_ I~, .. ,..,.. .. 1.",,,./11.... , I ~,,,,..,,,

,..... '''',,'. ,1"",,~,

\I",.....

IM"h

/lh./,,,II. I''''.,....., 1".., -

.. .. ,- ..--

1I"... _ 11..._ " 1",,",1".~._,

I",... ,,

I~,"'",,.,.,

.. ,.'ihoorl.f..... I~'",,,,,

•.

,--~-

11... _ " Ik ........"', ,~

.... _ ~l,u,•. U 1..... _ I~,"', ..... 'W~ 1"""_ , ... , ... ,''1(1)0 .. 1..100_

.. 1-./""",.. ,..- ,,.............,,'-,,'"'011"""" (

'.'"""/11.... , \I...,,,,,,

'Io,",1..... _

1/"",,,,,,••,,, 1'•••1,...,

..-

1"... _

II.~~"II,

1.,,,,,''1(1)0 .. ,

......

''''''w-n J....... r.-. ,1.....,~

,---

f., ..... ~-

,.n

Ik' . . . . ., Ik'_ ......

,,..

---.~~-

110""_ ",._'10- liI"''''Hi I ... ' ........, , '''''''d~ 11.. _ , . " ' ..100_ I"lw_ I.,..,.,.. .., '10100_ ,

.....

,.....

Ik',,,,''1(1)0 ... , ",<>r/o...t, I .. ,!o,"" 11.... " , 1"',",_

s.....n

II~,·'"

1.1 .. ,,,.><III,,,,,· I I;,·...·...· lluon L."'~", ' .. a K~,"d",· ...... k..," \I;,rn..g ........ ,..... \I;..'-IW................•........ h ....·, n ................ I,".J • . , II, ....... Iw-.;., Jr. f.U,"·...II' I·.,;nd.... " ... Soc ....·, 11/ ...,...1<" .-....... ""hnd,k" Th,."., fA ....... s.-.......) J._..... ,II"' .. S.'h"·il",,, 1l.. ",W~' 1I~r<) ....~oIi,·lcI L.... .\1 ;':"""1 S.·il"·,, Jdl,,') .I "H'''.· Se,,·,'Ii . lI"ill'''''' lI ill & •.-.,11 Llm, ...1(all,," Shari'" So"ad"",,, .~'""""o" Sh,'a' ). Jr. J"" ,~ .J) n .l l a ';'· Sh,.,rlckl M~<I<

"""'ottI. "'-1<

Ca'Klk~ ~I""hl''''''''' Sho"'~k" ""no" \'"u"~ Sinl/k'Y

M•• ~ llom"", Sld,un 11,01.", .101)<1 "",i,h "'o..te)· Ii.;.h "",i.h So .... " M,,'I" ';"'i'h ja ..... , \\,Ium ~ •. J • • II" ..... " LIIao.... n .... "'.. , ..... J,. T ..........

So .......... Sf';,,·~

St.",..

.\Ia .... (.~,;,.,....,. III Fo'oOk W..kSo...-.l J~I;,," SO'·I ....·'" III .\ I..·r...-! ,110" "'.,..... " . 1I"""k s'c' ,I.. K... I"·,, f'" " k "' ...." III ~,~"." hk Soo""",',I.",1 s.. ..... h J,,)W fa l~,,," Su,",,,"'" 11\,· J"I", .I ",..e . ~ I ..... S ..' ~i," I)"."",. Wald ..", .~" "u,' k.n ~I"';"S .. '.·.·" •• ) Ti",,,'h, Julin ·r",,·,·, T"'.n~,J'~m Tra ..•.. Ii......."'· lIu ..·.'d T ..... ~.~ ,I" ...... I..,., T""~", J ..... ""'. T...·.....·.III """11<-)' 1.,·..., T ..· ~,-, St~,,~ ,\la" T",,"".

'f"'-",,", s.""",

II... "", II .;...... T _"

J .... Wal!...,. J ..... . •........ n 11'01/111 I....," ... T., ..... 1\ "nI III \1 •• ' .... Ii"......, \\"..... .\ 1,,<)' .'1:", .• Wa''''n .l1ln-d lI'il ....... IIdot. IA',ia I\"i~h' 1\ d~, \\"ill;",,, 1" ''') 1I',·h" J" m", I """,'" II' lI"y-,I"".)· W.· .. Willi.", lI"a)"lll' Wh,"I.,). k ,\I)·"i. lialn_ Whl,,, lioth,yn IA'" lI'~kk~> (;•..,. So"".. lI'i~",,, .. .: ~ .. ",,'h (""ile ""im.,,,. ..no .... Wi\l;;, ...... J • . \1 ..... 1·""1)· Willi.n", 1I.·........,a Golde. Win"m, 1I ..•... nI lIu_'1I Willian .. J .........:""'..-d WiI", .... J,. liem ...... ""' ... W~ ..... T "''''n''' Jcall W~""" Will",m lIube .. \\. nd ...... J • . T", .. ,", S,.-h ""n II ..... "" ..... J ,. E",,'" .' .... ,,1Iio W,."'''' .... J '. 11.1.,.. Ir.,"ard \"";ld l,,~ 1I;.-""... llk~n \',.... ,." .... H,h•• ,<\ .l lkl' ''1'I \' " ... ,~ Kayo \" ,~"'~ Th,",,", 11 .11 \'"un~

"[j",,,,

'f",,,",,,

,~ 1..,.. I ... , ..,....., ~.1''''•• , { .. ,t. l"""""" .~-

--....---

,.......,....... ,,

,- ,--,

,, _,,_,, f'-"" ,.,..i. ("", 111._

Ik' .. ,. . . . ' flw. .. , Ik'......'"

,---

I~, ... """, ..

Ilor.\._

I"'..,........

11••",,1.

110.. _ 1..1..,.... II...,"" I.. "",, .. r•..-....... 11101>-<_ 1'-........ ..... _ I~'""",,,,, 1..,.. r _ . 1"""_ 1.... _ I~,,,,,"""" I~",.. ~",

""""""'""". \/".'''''''.' "',

.."--

,",11."....,,"'_. ,,--I.,.,.,.,... , ...""I~".

I~,_""",.

r"",..-.

.. ,--,.- ..

I~'"""", 1.... I~_"'", I~'",,,,,,,,

I"'..........

11... _ Ilubril. 1>.100_ /I.. """"",... f;'I~,d.·, 1.. 1>-<_ I;" .,'»xJkt'". ,11.100,,,,, I~' ,... i"."", .... 11./0",,,, .\,." !'...n. .I'c.. 1'"", 10·, ..i""", .... 110.. _ ,1 .... _ ,I"" Ik' .. ,...."'. 1..,""_ /(0,."

,,~,

, _ ,_ _

,.....,....

....-,..-

........ ,1"'100_ ,1 _ _

,,..."".,, ,'101"" ,1/.""-

Ik ....;..",.

I..., •.

Ik' .......,

,I _ _

Ik, ..........

1"-"",, It.. _ _n-. .1"'.... 11... _ _ ", 110.. _ I;,,,.,......... 1"'",_ 1/......., 110""_ r-. ...... ,11.100" .. f~"'IIc, II....",

IIi, .. ,,,,,,.. ,,,. A ..1>-< ...

I/o.""''''''''

110""_

Ik·, ... oxt-",. ,1 .... _

\/".,_", ,11...-

Ik, .. ,,.,...... llolw_ /I••

..,....--, ,- ,..,.n/", ..1"'..._ ......100_ ""-

Ik,.,'O/IM_ 1____.

,, ,11"", ''-,,",

Ik' ...........

,J->I<',

I~".,

I.,...,.,.,1_1<... ,1 __ 10''''"",,,, 110100_ ~;".TfIh>r,

.1"'''_

'1/.. " .• llolw_ J"~'· I.,"'."', 11...,,,V.M·,i'!.-, 11.;"-,_

/<I ....". I!...;

~;nvyels

in the

lOJ';lmily ;;;~:;:~;i "0' "~'J . .. "" II• •• O"" J

July 1984 Uar ~:"am S1 'u i~lic~ o f In1eres1 :\umber Si111n1l; for ham '\umb\.".l.:entf\Cd 1(1 Supremo: 1.:0011 .301 C"ntfocalton ~al" 7:;'" C.... ,if'cal'un l'Iah- From: CnH'e""!)' of ,\lai),lmil t.:umbcrland Alabama NOMc',n,jih,j

1~1V'- ~]; ,~,I~

,><

'11_....'ri<'7' iM,.,''''·J''I/#'

,II I~"'" 119/<<I'''~' II ,~",'"

/<o,Ioot .. U·. .., .• ""' ...i. (''NU' • • , IlOoi__ 'I", ..." "~IM,..,,,,,

11_001

N"" _

II~"'I""_

I,,,,,,,••.-.,0.." j.dJ/P J II••

"'"_ II""" IM... 'b·

,,_II.

,;,..ni•. j'. /1'1••" •• t •. , s. "'."""'" I' ~"" /.-W.. d""""-"!

.1/0""", " _ _ """.. rl",,41.011 /<10. """ " ..... ,I ~' I l r~.o1I II. . . . M,.iI....,

They've made their move . .. The Alabama State Bar Association has made a decisive move to strengthen the professional liability insurance protection available to Alabama lawyers. The Bar has endorsed a program that significantly expands liability coverage at favorable rates based solely on Alabama lawyer's claims e~peri ence. Professional Liability Insurance, Inc. will administer the new insurance program that combines the resources of two major insurers: Dependable Insur路 ance Company and Lloyd's of"t'l)ndon.

NolO it's your move ... To find out more about the new professionalliability insurance program, ..._ contact any Alabama independent insurance broker or call Professional Liability Insurance, Inc. .. We . a world msurance ::;;;;;;:;;;;;,three keystones of effective IJ KNOWLEDGE. INNOVATION. SERVICE

CLEGNews b y Mary Lyn Pike Sta ff DireClor, M CL~: Co mmission

Publis hed CU ·; c re dit s arc th e n, ,,ximum "'·/li lable While there is no requirement an at· torney atlend an c,uireCOUT$e in order toe;am the a,·aila. . CI.E credits. it is rftIuired the c redit s claimed rdlecI time actually spent in class. Credits published or announced by a cours.e sponsor are the maximum number of credits avail~bIe for fun allendanct cJ

R"~ul., "", 5.2 The Camml56"'" ""ill ptmIlt I~",.nt. aI repan. <>f compli.tlQ! through the lISt dl~ of Fet.'uary aI the y~ar Immediattly ~ina the repl<tl~ y~r. ~ quMII for .rnmdll¥r1U mu", be "·nllflt and mull 5pmfy tM '""". .panoan. datos, ud local""'". a5 ..... 11 as lhecm:f,,"~rntd. Allendltl

Ite lulal ion 4 .1. 13 SpaniOn aI apCLI, Kllo'l"" mU$1 refraIn lrom adveni.ing or encauraging the Uleof their prodoct l or servm duro ing accrediled (I.E ICli" IOa. Span· .an mU$l also ltd< pon;';;panU· oprnionl cepnlina; thf,r ad~ 10 Ih;, policy. FaIlure '0 ad",,", 10 thi, pol"')' $hall be grounds for "·,th· drawal of accrMltltio!1 altherou"" in qllfStion. ~

(u"'I;~.rd

• OOUI'W.

for examplr. the Alabama Statt &lr

A CONCERN OF THE BAR AND BENCH

sponson section rn«tings e;och ytlIr

du ring its annual ~ting. Some of the ~tion mfftings last t",o or three hours. OIheTs Int one and one-hatf hours. All. t.o.o,·e-·er, fit ",;thin a Ihl'ffo hour liIM frame. "'·0 until fi'·e p.m. it il 001 poMibie to atlend overlapping section meetings and earn full credit for eilCh of them. Any portion of an accredited activity missed must be subtracted from the maximum number of tndits available for the course at a rate of ~credit per SO minutes of instruction mi ssed. Rules a n d Regul a t ious to be published

An updated booklet of rules and reg. ulations for mandatory continuing!e-

gal educalion will be mailed to members of the Alabama Stale Bar thi~ mQrlth. Such a booklel was last published in JanU<lry 1983. The following regulations haw: beHI adopted by tho:' Board of Bar Commis· s ioners siroa: that time and should be ""ted when the booklets are r('Ctived: Re~uta t l"n '1.1. 12 Act,.it..,. <lral· ing with law olT"" aulOman"" and ma~nt may be appnwed lor ane-half endit per hour of i_rue.ion. Ac\lvitiet <kI;.gned 10 11/:'11 ........ m or ",!uipn1ellt or 10 ~ha1"lCllll8w off~ p<O/it l will not be ap~ed.

The T.... Force on Lawyer AIcDIIoIand Drug ADuM Is wortdng to ....b\WI. PI""I"*I plogI_ to . . . . ete

" t.-.1'II'I~and"fllrrllla'In~'"

. . in.-ct 01 plOI:IIa•• ceuIed by iIIcOtdIIu lind drug __ we ....-dar,ortnglOiIICt ........ ••• 01"'plobiem andeducale"'-"'1Ind beneh onetecomplex. . 01 a. t51 pe 01 c~ dlipeiidtliq. we .-...cI InpuI 01 fIIIow jHJ5 00 ..... """ r.rIIiIy " . , . _ who ... ,ecowerIug from Ihos . . . n belong 10M.. AI-Anon Of 0Ihe< ~II ~ ThereIcn.on"*-Yv, '885, ... Edt .......... andA_ _

Cot,.......... oIete1Nk Iotce WII hold mllanot In ete ~~ OYIc CenItr.1oceIed at 300 BIbb 8reel.

Mol • • • " AIIbIrna, to ......... J*j_ ~"'n In our Ttte 7r::A::MIt1l II • 8Cfi8duI8 01 mIG' ""

pI.--

••

11 811\..12 p.rn.-

om-

CICIMt:I Nt.. m .71111 CICIMt:I AI-Anon Ii naTtg DuIctI ... ~, ()pin

WIt ..........

...........

IllI 71'"

•

.......-

?!d...,A•••

Jrwn.tforwOfJ".,.

I'e:' "

ON />Ill/' 4~1)

ConrurrrltteesContinue Hard Work Into 1985 b y MaryLyn I'ike

Mid year Mee ti ng 1985 Chairman William I. Hill and memo bers dthe 1985 Midyear Meet ing Con,millc" are hard at work pu\ling !OIIelher an educational and entertaining weo:'kend for members of the boar. The meeting. traditionally a working session forcommiu<'f:S and board members. is scheduled for Friday and ~I ' urday. March 1and 2 al the Civi<: Cenler in Montgomery. Committees will

meet in various MontgOmery law firms on Friday morning. A C I.E activity is planned for Friday ailftTlOOll. to be 101· lo.....ed by an e.'tnlna 01 socia1i1ina and en t~!ainment. The board of commis-

sioners and other imere'lled members of the bar will IIear pTOgres!; reports on the! ......,..k of the commiUee:I on Satur· day morning. Al the Midy~r M«1ing. bar members will hl"un opportunity to parljc. ipate in a hearing-on Ihe recommendalions of the Commilt ee On GO"crnance ol l he Alabama S lale Bar. The ccmmilleo:> will proposeCNnatI in the makfllp of the boon! d bolT com· mi!lSiooeB. in lhe ~hod of choosing lhe presidem~le<:t and in the 1~~1 au · thority for bar governance . Forfurtoo information. _ 45 AlaN"''' IA~~ 252 (September 19&1).

Focus o n t h e P rofession The Task Forcc on Pce rN cvicw

r«eruly surveyed _tion ofrJCer"S. bar commiuiontrs. local bilr pnsidentl and lIate judges. _ki,. ans"'~ to Ihe question of po!i$ible incompetence on the paTt of some members nf the bar. It pl~ns to use this information to make l'ftlOITImt1ldalion, as to .... hal the state baT should do. if .nything ....·it ll rqp.nl to establishi", pm- ~iew "",,".

Fac«I with moll' complaints against attorneys t h~n evcr befoll', President Byars and Ilw belard of commissionenl ha'"e appointed an El hiCfl Education Comm ill ce to recommend methods of incl"'easing attOn1l')'I· ad~nce to Ihe barl st andard s of professional conduCt. Chaired by Commissioner Rog\'r Bedford. Sr .. of Russellville. lhe commillte lias been .wised of the fllCttllat in 1980.300compbints ...~ fi~ again.1 allOlTltYI. By fiscal )~r 1983-&1 that number had i~ased to 800. According to staff of the bars Center for Professional Respon sibilit y. the number of complainls warranting discipll"," has remained btt ...·~ 12 and 14 percenl. yel ~.(1)' complaint must be fully investigated.

... .. cdm:alioual ami ell/ey· lail/iug Ireeke"d (p/ml1led) fo y ba y mcm beYlf.·· The Task Force Otl l..awyer ,\1 ""hoI a nd Drug Abu se continues 10

lay the grOUndwork for assistance to troubled lawyers and their families. As announced ebew~ in Ihis i"ut:. it is sponsoring both closed and open meel · if\g$ of Alroholics Anonymou s and AI· Anon for lawym and their families on Saturday. February 9at the Civic Cen· ter in Montgomery. It is hoped these nwtings will lead tothe formation of a net ...·ork of lawyers who are willing 10 assisl their peers in dealing with alcohol addiction and the problems ~ner· ated by it. Additionally. the belard of commissioners rKlffitl\" aUlhori~ the tas k fora 10 pursue formation of a nonprofit WOpolation or foundation for purpOSes of fundraising and educa· tion. Bar members will be treated toa "ShowOl$e·· presenlalion by ana· tionally prominent l'I'OO'o·ering .lcohoIic al t~ July Annual Meeting in lIunts· ~ille.

Chairman Ralph Gaines and the Task Force O il 1..11 "'}"er~ Specil.li. zat ion have taken on four taski for 1984-85: 10 investigate the benefits of specialization and present an educational report 10 the bar during '" July 1985 meeting. to review and preKnt suggeslions as to a pilot program Or 0100 means of implementing s peciali· zation; to eum,ne tlw altitudes and oems of s mall town and rural altor· ne)'S as 10 s pecialiuuion; and 10 ' nve:s· liglue insurm· au itudes and rate!! in states where altorneys desigmte specialties. 0

~ung

GLawy:ers' Section b y Ho ben T. Meaduws III YLS I'res iden t

he Yoong Lawyeu' Section of

tilt Alabama State Bar coo· tinues ern hu$iast icall y 10 TllCr'If through tilt 1984-85 year with a yr... loward~ proI'iding IeI"IW 10 j'OUT pro1<"5$00. to you young laWj'eTS and 10 the public al large. OUT efforts in Ihis regard primarily cemcr on ~rlain projects and activities. IIrieny. leI 1m bring you up lodaleon these pro;eas and 3Ct;'·;lies. T he seclion. through 1he! able efforts of Jim Miller in Birmingham. is piano i rIlC I h rre (3) seminars for Ihis comi ng

year [0 better sen·c the profession. The first of these wilt be held at variou$ timd in FebruaryOf' March of 1985 in Birmingham and will be a basic legal

skills seminarU"1

brid~IJ>e.g;lPR""

' ...... This will primanly be addressro 10 the Young Law yers. though someof lhe "oId" lawyers will no doubl gain from the stim ulating pr<l!{l1lm which we anticipate. The ICCOfId seminar will beour Annual Sandel!lin Seminar which will be held in mod·May and is beil'li handled by Clme O'Rfar and

Cham Mil<O!lof Mobile. Thisserninar needs no introduction to the j"Wng lawyers who have aLlended it in the past. Without a doubl,this particular seminarrombinelthe be$tthat can be offtffd in terms of continuing legal ed· ucation together with an eXcq>liornll $OI;ial event. This yur's sen1inar promises to be another"signiflCant event and one of which we in the Yoong Lawye,.,.. Section are "ery proud. The third seminar will be oonducted at the

annual meeting in Iluntsville t hiscom· illJ! sum mer. J im Mill.::r"seommi!!~ IS working to make this !M'Illinar a "ery ,nformat ;"e one for aU tho!ie .... 110 "t· lend. The timing of this lieminar " pan icu1a rly appropria tea nd attract i"e to tho!ie who desire to kill 1"'0 birds with one Slone. namely. attending the bar con"ention and at the same time gelting CLE c......til. The Young Law)'ffS' SKtion does not. hov,.e'o"el". stop at mndUCIing seminars for the bar Itself. Randolph Reavel d Montgomery has taken il upon himself toeslablish and conduct a Conference on the I'roII.'$SIon. This seminar has bea>me an annual affair and one that w,ll be held this year in Gulf Shores for the SftXIfId straight year. This seminar bnngs togl!ther" membenof a numbe1"of different pr0fessions to educate them on Cl:rta;n Ie1/31 mailer.; and to promote goodwill and harmony betw~n those profes· sions and the lawyers of Alabama. This sen1inar has betn txtremely sue· ctSSful in thf: past. and this years promises to be bigger and betler than t\·er. The Young l.aw)'ffS· Section has supfO:)Tled and CQI1tinue& \0 support ent husiastically this particular semi. nar. Thf: Yoong l.aw )·el"$· Section has had «'quests from various SOUrnll for a ~mphle1: ...·hi<;h exp!aim briefly what a per$lfI should cons~ wheft he or she is trying todecide on a legal career. Ron Da"is d T uscaloosa is currenlly chairi ng a cOmmillt"!: which has as its

primary reason for being Ihe I""inting

of a pamphlf1this yrar for distribution lothecolle:ges throughout thestatt.as "'en as 10 other aouroel llC'ftIing this type of information to ~S11 on 10 pro. $pective law students. Ron and his commiltee havecommilled themselves to a significant txpenditu,"" of time .nd effort in I'Tcparing Ihis panicular ~mphle1:. The Young l.awyers· Section anticipate!! this Pilmphle1: will he published in time for use in lhe "ery near futu~ AI the Annual Midyear Meeting of the bar association to be held in Mont · gomery on March I and 2. 1985, lhe Young Lawyers' Seclion of the Ala· bama State Il.ar in conjuoction with the Uni"ersilY d Alabama School of [.aw and the Cumberland School of Law will sponsor the first Annual Mid· year Interviewing Conference. At this C(lnference. we hope to bring tOGethcr prospective ~m]>lo)'er$ and employees at a convenient lime and pI;Ia. Again, this;s an attempt 10 kill t,,"o birds with ont $t<)nf: by allowIng tho!ie altent:iing the mid)'ear mee1tll8 10 inter~ie,,· pro. SI)Klj"e employees at the same time. Thi~ Pilrticular endeavor is geared to,,'ards primarily s«ond· and third· year law students. We encourage all prosI)Ktlyeempl(l)"trI to participate in this endeavor !SO II m.ay contin~ and b«ome ont of the annual portions of the mid)'ear meeling. MOR information will bt provided latcr bul you should beaware thaI the 1985 Midyear Meeting Should bt ex·

to provide you with whatever assist· ance you may need for your local Law WCl!k programs. As was m~ntioned in the previous article in this column. former Gover· nor Albert P. Brewer of Decatu r gave the lurn:heon address at t he bar admis· sions ceremony in Montgomery on October <!9. 1984. Governor Bm...er gave a stimulating and enlightening talk and one which I am sure will be rememben.-d for a long time b)" all those who attended. Additionally, President Walter Byars of the Ala· bama State Bar addressed the assem· bly prior to the new admittees receiv· ing their C('rtificates and did an OUt· standing job. Walter has an inimitable way of chall enging a pers(ln to part ici· pate and give his best on behalf of his profession. It goes without saying that Walter Byars. as well as t he rest of us associated with the Alabama State Rar. is proud of his profession. We

hope e,·cry new admitt..., is as proud. Our hats are off to Myra Baker for her diligem efforts in this regard. Put· ting on a program for 311 new admit · tees and their fam ilies. complete with both the courts of appeal and the su o preme court. is a tremendous u nder· taking and one which Myra handled with a great deal of success . We would be remiss if wedid nOl also thank Chief JusticeC.C. Torbert andj udge Richard Holmes for their part in Whal can only be characterized as an outstanding admissions ceremony. The Young Lawyers· Sec1ion memo bers. as has b.-.,n noted in previous art icles. regularly attend the ABAI YLD Affiliate Outreach Project M...,t· ings held throughou t the count ry. T hes<> meetings Cna ble us . as leaders of t his sect ion. tosee what is going on in ot her parts of thecou nt ry and to try to channel our efforts along similar line!i if thedrcumSlances warrant it. Charles (<A><Ii• • .,s." _

55)

BE A BUDDY With the number 01 r>ew altorneyS increasing and the number of jobs dec reasing. more and more auorneys are going into pri>Ct>ce on their own and miss lhe bene· fit of the c.oo """lirog of n"lOre experienced practitioners. The AIa4ama State Bar Committee on Local Bar AClivit ies and Services" sponsoring a "Buddy Program" to provide newer bar members a fellowlawyer they may consult if they confrotn a problem. need to ask a qlleStiort. or Sim ply want directi<ms 10 the courthouse. 11 a lawyer who has recently begu n a Ii to meet a tile more

tremtly imeresting and informativ~. T he comm ill"" in charge of the m...,t· ing tematively has scheduled some ex· cellem speakers for the seminar along with an outstanding social agenda. On top of this. the commill"" is pursuing well·known individuals fqr the key· note speaker. Pat HalTisof Montgomery has agreed to undertake the responsibili ty of es· tablishing some type of project to be conducted statewide or on a local level which wou ld provide ltgal services to senior citi~.ms. Pat has t:.i!en provided with a number of sample programs which have been used in Nebraska. Ca· lifornia and Wisconsin as a beginning JIClint. If any of you would li ke to partic· ipate in this particular projecl. please do not hesitate to contact either me or Pat in Montgomery. By the time this article appears in Thl A/aoo ma LAwyer. the Alabama Youth Legislature/judicial Program should be just around the corner. james Anderson in Montgomery has been on this COmmill"" for se'·eral years. and he has howme a real profes· sional al this particular project. This year we hope to make this particular program bigger than e'·er by encourag· ing more participat ion from the yO\lng people throughout the slate . We also hope to obtain agrant from the Ameri· can Rar Association. Young Law~·ers· Division. to use in this particular proj. ect. if not for this year. at least for the coming ~·ear . Jf any of you would li ke to assist in this project in your local area. please COmact either me or james An · derson . Either of uS wi ll be happy to assisl you in gel! ing the project started in your particular an'3. Law W...,k will be upon us in the ,·ery near future. As you know. Law W...,k was established as an outgrowth of Law Day which in turn was established as a response to the Communist countries· celebration of May Day. A number of activities can be planned for a Community Law Week. including such things as law symj)O!;iums. speak· ers to various civic clubs and school groups. la"· fairs to provide free legal services to different portions of the population and man~· others. Lynn McCain of Gadsden is handli ng the statewide Community Law W...,k for this year. and I am Sure she will beglad

Local Bar Activities and Services Buddy Program Application _____________________________________________________

Firm Na m ~(if ap pl i c ab l ~l ______________________________________ Add r ~ s

____________________________________________________

City _______________ Te ~p hone

Sta t ~

_____________

l ip _________

_ _______________________________________________

o New L""'"Y<'r

0 Experie nced L.a" oyer

Please retu rn to: Alabama S late Bar. P.O . Box 4156. Montgomery. Alabama36 101 .

'The Cf"irst c5'!mefica1/.

搂)p)llll'l1Lt

Serving the Legal Profession SINCE 1889

he ti"n known IOday a~ F<N An~rican Ti lle 1.. ,urJ"'"c Com pany " ":IS al",""y m"cr a

1lcc:Kk old " '''''" 1M ...."" opI'ned on the bog. rN Orange County Counhou,e '"

"'' ' '>01'' ' '

Santa Ana. Californi". back in lhe 1901)', _

Today we arc the nalion's Ihird large,. 100Ie , .. ,urer . " 'o,k i "ll n>liQn路",odc ..",(II the legal prof",,~ion and.'oCr. 'ng .... lIh a ,pedal

crhe First American

dedIcation "nd "";Iude Ihal seu Ih" mocpcn<km lille oomp;my

;,pan frum all 11'10: ochers.

e llavc (he Firs! A"""'K"311 Spon! and " -C',,, ",ady to

:t5~I'I

you'

cle opportunities 25 friday

"Sponsorl<l .... II'»

6-8

FEDERAL PRAC1lCE AND PROCElURE

18 friday LAW OfFICE MANAGEMENT R<VerVIew Plaza. MoOIlt Spi:>oo eo tI)' MOIliIe Bar Assoo.ltJoo C/'tcIrts; 1.5 Cost; $20 For lnfOf'l'l'liOO'l: (205) 433-9790

R£A!. ESTAlE CLOSINQS FO'St ~ Bonk. !lllTnlngNm Spo .... ..,

IClE of

c:..oo...

Cost; SSS For In(amlllon; (404) 542·1121 SALES LAW EmnIngh¥n-Jelfnln CIvi< c.nter credit:!: 7.2

()LANO GAS (.A.W ANOTA.XATION

The Westlo. DanIS Sponsorecl tIy Southwestern t.eoaI ,-~

For InfQlTTll\l(rl (214) 690-2377

Sponsored tly: AI3tI.lmIIInst,tute fa-CL.E

~'" For Inkmllt_ (205) 3"8 6230

7-8

t>.f Bail.oJ"" Bar AS:IOwtIo<l

0lG13: 1.0 Cost. $10

f'<Ir InrmNtIon: (205) 251-8Xl6

25 -26

MIDWlN11:R CONfER£HC£

19-26 AlUMNI SIll SEMINAR 1Irec~. Coknoo

Spon5orecJ by. Cu~ IlISUtute larUE F(>'" IrrlQrmatklr1: (205) 871).2865

Spoo .... eoby-...TriaI~ Cost;

... ;.;. .bOo

Sl00I" .."obb"S: $15(}/noru ..e",t>e.s

For InIormiI~cn: (205) 26Z-497~

21 -23 WlNlER CONFEREr<CE flym.

Bmung!\Jm

S(>onSOOed tIy ~ 0IStm A~

""""'"

For Intcrmatli:n (205) 0!fi1-4191

31 -february 1

Frn - . . . . Bonk. BIm\Ing!'lam SjlOilSaed Of' ~ !lor Asiloo:Ioo,

o.ott '-'

Cost. S20fll'lel'l\l:la'J S251'DI<M'O!;Im FCl'I~(205)25H!OO6

<AW Bdtmore, Los iIlIgoIes Spor.!o:nd by MJ· ABA

Cred,t:!: 20.4 c.>st, $395 For IntoonaUon: (215) 24,3..1600

•

,or Inklml>l~Olt (2051 670-2865

<A"'" EtnI:>my Row Hotel. WasI'orgtOO Spoo ..... iIIl tIy F'nICtIsin!I LJw IhSUtUte ~ 13.2 Costo $375 F(O" ~ (2121765-5700

1 friday

SOCIAl. SECURITY OISAB1UTY LAW 5p>o .... t<l1Iy: ICl.E 1)/ Veof'OIa For In/omIO!I(n (404) 5012· 1121

24 -26 lA80fI fIElATlONSAND EMPLOYMENT

COMPOTEA lAW CUmt:lel1¥ld Scl>OOI (If Law. eum;rqtIi!m Sporoorecl ill' CumDerl3nd lostitIJte f<>rUE CosI, $75

TlIE JURY, TECHNIQUES FDA Tl1E TRIAL

25 FAMILY COURT

8 friday

2-9 SKI SEMINAR Heavenly Valley. Uke ToVIOe Spon$Ored by: Al3bama I rutlM~ for eLE Fa Ink:t'rTmlOll: (205) 341HiZ30

14 thursday

-"'-

HOW TOAOMINlSTER £STATES IN .~

Sponsrn:l

ill' -.... 10!ItItute for UE

for InfI:Jnnatlrn 12051346-6230

14-16 ENVIRONMENTAL lAW H,~on. WWOoI>OlOCl Sponsored oy, AU· ABA

19.5 C05lo $360 For Informatl(ln (2151243- 1600

Crt(Io\l;:

•

15 friday BANKRUPTCY

PIa ... Mobile SponsoraI by Mobile Bar As:iociati<o Ri"...,.".;ew

CmdiU: 3.0 ~ $20 F..- InfOlTlli!tion: (205) 43J.979O HOW TOAD MIN ISTER ESTATES IN

"""~

Crvk Center. Montgome.y 5pcmore(I bye AIar>ama I_Me for cu: For InlormMlon: (205)348-<>230

25-26

8 friday

AOVANCEDTlHAL TECHNIQUES AND

SPORTS ANO ENTERTAINMENT ~W

Marriott. Washiogton $p<>lSOIed by: Arne<i<:an Bar As<lociati<;<1 Fer InfOrmation: (312198&5000

Flrst AJabama Bank. Bumi"!lil3m Sponsored O'f Birm'ngllam Bar A5.soo<IIion Cred.u, 1.0 Cost: $ 1a ~or Information: (205) 251-0006

28-march 1 CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS IN BANKRUPTCY AND REORGANIZATION M<roe AAroi""u•. New ~ Sponsored by: Pr.lctising Law Institute Cosr: $360 Hotel

Fa" InfmnatiOf't (212) 765-5700

9-16 SKI ANOCtE SEM INAR Kitzbuhel AIIsb\a Sponsored O'f Alabama Trial Lav.yer.; I\sood.alion For Informat:loo: (205) 262.-4974

HOW TO READ YOUR CUErrrS FINANCIAl STATEMENTS

14-15

Flfst Alabama Bank. enrnj"9Mm SporL1ored by Bim""9!1i1m Bar A.>soOation C"""~ 1.0 = $ 10

NEGOTIATI NG HlltOf'!. New yO<!< City Sponsorea O'f Practi>i"!l Law II'L';IlIIIrE

For Inknnat1(l1t (205)251-0006

...Cost: $275

For Information: (2 12) "]65.5700

21 thursday

HEALTH lAW

Sp::N <SOl ell O'f AmI!naIn Bar Asood.atIorI For Informaoon (312) oos.SOOO

HOW TO ADMIN ISlER ESTATES IN AlABAMA

VonBraun CMe Center, Huntsllil'"

22 friday

Sponsore<l by: AJaooma IrIStltute for Cl£

Fe.- Infumlatim (205)34&6230

WORKMEN'SCOMf'ENSATlON AND

RELATED UTlGATION Bank. Birmll'W)hom Sponsored O'f Birrringllam Bar A5.soo<IIIOf'I Fif5\ Alabama

Qed,!:!: 3,2

22 friday

Cost: SZO/mem!Je!':S: $25/nonrl'lO'fflblors

HOW TO ADMINISTER ESTATES IN AI..AlIAMA

1-2

Birmi"9ham-Joffe.noo CMc Center

CMc (""t.... Montgomeoy Sponsored by: Alabama State Bar (,,,,hts: 2.0 Cost: lroclUClE'd on reglill;ltlOO

MIOVfAA ME.£TlNC

Sponsored by: AIiItIiIma IrISI'tlJte for CLE F....- Infumlatioo (205) 34&6230

F"- I IIfOIma~(2051~1515

RECENT DEVEW!'MENTS IN TIlE lAW FOR THE GENERAL PRAC11TIONEA f\f:\t Alabama Ba/1K. s.rml"'JMm Sponsored tly: BiJTTlll19I1am Bar IIssociabon

Credots: 3.2 Cost: S20/memt..rs: $25fnonmemt>ers For Inknnatlon: (205) 25 H!006

29-30

1-3

PERSONAL INJURY, PREPARATION ANO TRIAL

CRIMINAL DErENSE ANO PROSECUTION

...-lSm International. wmngtoo Sponsored by: AmericarI Bar I\ssodati<.rl

MaiSOn DJp!J}', New Orleans Sponsored O'f CamtMidge ~ credItS: 12.0 Cost: $355

For Informatj"", 1312) 968-5000

For Inlortmtim: (415) 331-5374

b, Judge Mark Ke nne d y

their father.

would be left with this man" Only now. after years of therapy. does 5\>· $anne reali!e she was not re.ponsible for her abu~. In 1983.lhe National SUr\'ey of the Indderw:eand Stverily of ChildAbu~ and Neglect found Ilwre "'ere 44.700 ~e:! cases 01. children who were "ic\ims d IIOIT'It form d otxual exploi· tation. The s Ur'o'ey 001"" ilS findings "'ere based on oonsen'alh'e research prooedures and in an probability was only refl~i"e of the "tip of the . ,,-- "

In Jordan. Minnesota.16aduhscur· rent1y are under in"e5[igalion for con·

Various researcherl eitimate as many 31 500.000 Amcnc.n child","

4. Ytar-oid female child was found wandering nude and ated along a highway. He had tied her hands behind her. ripped off her clothing and io('xualiy abused her.

Later while 5t ill oo..md. her arms were !IoeIIem:I briow theelbows with a hatchet bi'fore $he " 'as dilo('arded in a cul,~. The 12·ynr-old "'as blu a child lief· self when she began suffering from morning sic:kneM in her third month 01 prtllllllIC)'. She and her 14-ytar.ool

sister Iud had a lover for foor years -

.•.

will be molest"" t hili year. Few offend· crs will be repone:!, fewer will be prosecUted and fewer $till of the vic· tims will be reached. Millions of to. day', adults are the !lexuall\' abused victims of the past, The Unh'ersity 01. New llampshire reported in a rKeTlt sludy 19 perctrlt d all American ,,'omen and nine percerll of all American men were Itxually victimized as child",", and pOUibly as mAny as IWO to fi,~ million women ha,~ had incestuous relationships. The sexual exploitation of childr"" is f\(I\ an invention d twentieth ~n· tury man. Our hislory is replete wilh

ducting a se~ ring in ,,·hith more than tWO donen children were s.exual1y mol· ested. Eight oIlhe suspects are .... omen.

The smell of freshly mown hay or Ihe scenl of a certain coIOKne bringson gru60me flashbacks for SU!;an ne: how her tlep/alher 11...:1 forud ht-r tu have Io('X wilh him altheir rural farm. SomeIimes he would sing\f: her OUI from her st'Ven siblings to ridt inlO lown with him. " lie ....ould Slop by thoe side of Iht road and make me hl'-c oral &ex wilh him until he dimaxe:!. " she .... id.ller moIOO was ill and her stepfather threatened she would die if 5\>· .... nne told anyone. "I belie';ed him. I thought my mom would die and I

lrulgr Man Ketl"ftly M,.",. ... " rimlil roM,1 jllligft I", 1M J5110 jtulifu,t cim<il i" ,II""lgomery; lot iHi 1973 pruJ""tt of Ad"", U.i,'USily atld" 1977 grodlUJle of CMmbrrl""tI Sdowl of 1~1r. 1ft u" 1_(, distriel "lid fomily ro"rl j"dgt.

tM procuce 01 ~ies paSt in " .. ys we now can ~nt"y <IS ~Kually abus i"e, TM ful'tM r a practice reachts back into primiti,'e ~ime for its origin, the ITIOrt universal b.comes itsextem. Early man intnxluced ritualsol rites 01 passage to SKUre full life and 10 escape from tvi!. T hrough !It'Kual acts and mutilations, pubescent c hildl'l:'n symbolica lly died, were I'l:'born and eltvated to new statuol being. It was in !It'arch of this higher plane of im_ mortality and triumph ()\'er the extinc' tion oIthe body that infant s were sub~ted to cil'C\lIocision; s ubincisions; neck ri!liS: lip plugs: tom flesh, joints and mUllen. Aristolie reminded UltO !Ie,'er con· fuse !o>'e with se~ual passion. St~ual activity among tM anciffit5 had, al best a tenl.lOU5 connection "'ith !o>'e and friends hip. Boy·love among the Greeks. accord· ing to I' lato, aimed al the improvement of the beloved youth. [t was a journ.ey towards spi ritual perfection and im· mortality . Through sexua l acts with adof~nt males, man projected the living image of hi , immortal soul imo the spirit 01 tM youth. Plutarch ex plained Roman boys " 'ore a gold ball around their neck when Ihl'Y were ,"try you ng 10 men could tell which ones were available when they en· countered the adcloIe$ants in the nude. The l>;!rk snd Middle Ag6 of Eu· rope found ....ide:spre;od mass persecu. tioO$. Innumerable children we re burned at the I take as herdics for any form of overt sexualit y or sexual fan· la sy, It was a time when ma n feltoom· pelled to st rul!ljle for dominance over his own animal instincts and nature. Renai ssa nce man considered prosti· tution in"olving childTtn socially 3(~table and highly pleas urable. [n " Venuu nd Adonis," Sbakespeare wrote;

"Who plucks tlot bud befcnone ltaf put forth? If springing things beany jot diminish'd, They witherin their prime, prm'e nothing worth ", To grow unto him!!elf was his desire," This powerful protest of early initia·

tion into seKual experience argued for the prolonging 01 inl'lOCfllct: as lhe key to matu~ IIrtngth, The vilest ftature 01 the whole Vic· torian t«ne was the " Viclorian Un· derworld" whe~(hild prostitutes and " ' idupread d ist ribu tion of se~ual material, including tM new an form, photoeraphy, abounded . It was an age ol the love oflittle girl s. the Lolita syn· drome, Lewis Carroll wrole, "I confeS!! [do not admire naked boys. They al· ways stem to me to need dothes _ whereas one hardly sees why the lovely form s of girl s shou ld ever be covered up." In 1912, Kraft Ebing identified the term "Pfdop/Iilia erotica" as being "adult beha,'ior tbat manifests erotic sexual desi re for childTtn."

"Til e Rel/e G UYOI/ S ociety uf Califo l"ll;a, II'lIich lnHlstS of Ol'er9,0Q0 ill m embers/,ip, has as ib /IIul/o; 'Sex befo re 8 01' else it 's too la le. ' "

T he pasltwogeneralions have seen an increase in child ]lOrTIOgraphy, the use of c hildrtn in a variety of SOTdid !!ex ual activities and the s tressing of incest and pedophilia in the mass mar· keting of se~, The Rene Guyon Society of Califcr' nia. which 1x>ast. ol ov~r 9,000 in rnembeTllhip. has a s its motto: "Se~ before 8 or else ;t 'l too late." Its prim· ary aim i$ to reduce cr eliminate tholit of consent (or sexual acIivity and toencou,.. early ~~ual initiation 01 childTtn so as to expand and mature the " whole being," A requirement for membenhip is a ' '''oro affidavit the prospective member has deflowered a child under the age of eight (male or female), The International Pedophilic Information Exchange held its organi·

uotional IlI('eting in Wales in 1977. They have. u their primary goal, tlot establishment of tM rights 01 adults to UK "conxnti ng" children for sexual ad'"fnture. Our society bas clung to tlot !!exual appetite of early man for tM )vung, but through ~nturin 01 evol utionary change in our moral concept s and idtal s, what was once an exerO!lt', however J)l'rverted, in man's st rul!ljle for perfection, has now become a rou· tine J)l'rvers ion that !IOints to one's weakness rather than strength. Sexual abuK now I'l:'presents the bankruptcy ol talent rather than the quin·

tes.ser'JUof it, Sexual abuse is less likely to anelate 10 povert y than other forms of violent acUcommilled uponchildren. [I is equally prevalent in middleand upper claM! homes and remains one of thomo5t under I elAll ted formlof child mal . treatment, the im pact of which is not apparent for many ~aTll. Family mem. be.., who olttn are the only people awa~ of the incidents, frequently are hesitant to report for fear of social cen· sure, public scrutiny, possible removal of the famil y breadwinner and the fact thaI at tlot time lhel'l:' may appear no tangible physical harm. Children themseI"es may not report incidents of srx· ual abu!!e becau$t of igilOnlnce, fear of reprisal. fear they .... ilI be blamed or ",ilt over an y phYlical pleasure they may have expel i< nce:I. Casn are oflen di!lC(>Vered in accid· emal ways: A dayare worker finds a 4·)'ta r-oJd trying to ha"e oral sex with a playmate, A school nurse traces a first grader's Pitinful itch \ogonorrhea. A neighbor sees a liltl~ gi rl playing s!lggI'$tive games with a doll. Today c hildren a re being identified who eKperience a response much like the polt 't raumatic Itress disorder af. f1ic1ing some war "rler.lns: They ba\"~ 5e\'ere night mares and become h)'Ster· ical in ,ituations reminding them of IheassaUIt . Ollen it is not ehe natureol the violation that controls the inten . sity of the child 's delayed reaction, bue rather tho- d~ee 01 ooercion used by the perpetrator. The long·tn-m prog_ nosil for sexually induced post·trau· matic Itress is usually dim if one ex· pect s full and complete recovery.

tera. but frequently are lost in the high case loads of the mu.tl and prob;Ition staffs. " We.n: not ~hing the rOOI vi the problem through court order"ed counseling:' remarked a probation of· ficer. ··As t(X)IllS the)' figureout what ..·e want 10 hear. t~ sing li!<ecanar· lei until their time is uP. then they ny right back to their nest.··

One victimized child was heard to remark alsheand her mother left the courtroom after the con"iction of her father for sexual abuse. "What do we donov.·{"· Theanswer to that poignant qutSlion is unclear. U~in_ a n.'on,kall)· «..-reel dolls. 1' ....... Kle""e Up<hur<:h. M.S .. cou nsels )'ounll "k'im~ '" ",,~ua t a buse at ,he MontjlOme r y Aru Family \'ioI~""e I'.ogram·. Sun~hi "" C.. nt er. S he i~ al,;o a lre(luen. SIN:. kef ..... 1",.., for c;"k organi"'" ion~.

If identifyilli a vietim setms diffi· cull, pro&eC\Iting the offender often smns impDl5Si~ Chikln:n frequently an: hesitant testify q:ainst a parent or Iov«I one. If they do. they usually are met wi.h vehement denial _ and the system all too often finds i. diffi· cui. to take .he w()/"(j of a child over that 01 an adult. In many cases of prosecution. the child can expKt allOlher assault in the courtroom. In a growing number of courts. hQy,.tvtf". childn:n an: being heard and beli~td. The right vi child· n:n to testify before a court has 10ng been T«IJgrIiml in OIl' system. pr0vided the court il satisrltd thechild as a witnt$l k~'s the differeno: be'Wfen right and wrong and is capable of 5elf~xpreS5ion. Many legal profes· sionals a re reali Eing: there is no valid correlation bet .....een truthfulness and age and have become innovative in their aj)J)rOil<;h toaccommodatingchild witne$$C$ as they fare the accu$<"d. One child was allowed to testify from a social workers lap ...... hile another terrifil'd child preferml s it· ting under the prosecution 'able. The uSf:of pretaptod vidto t"",i."...,yduring which the child is '1utStioned by the state and the defense is bealming in· cre<lsingiy popular. Many courts allow .he USf: of anatomically corred dolls for den1onlitration by the child. ""hile othersaUow t hechild todraw a picture story to explain what occurred. One child advocate remarked, 'We ha"e to quit pretending that kid s ha"f 10 testl·

fy like adull .. ll alltheycando is sho:rA·. that should be enough:' BoIh women and chiklren long have bo:tn stigmatiml when it romes to theircrmibihty in sexual assault cases. RCCO(Iniubfy, children have at .imes invented storie!! of sexual misconduct for a variety o( reasons. More often. however, childn:n are retracting true facts as being falSf: when placed under ootrcion by family members and per· petratOB. Trained sexual abuse roun· selors a~ fantasy can be separated from fact by listening to theallegations of t he viet im .•. 't' OIl don " expect a child under the tl(tof fi"e to understand the physical aspectlof sexual intrrrou,.-s,o,:· uplainedooecounselor. 'When achikl teUs YOll that her mother's boyfriend put his thing in her and pee-petd. )'011 can bet money that it ;5 no fairy tale." T here;s a divergence in both philoSOphy and practice;n .he handling of the convicted abuSl:r. The hard·line approach caUs for stiff penalties and incarctn1ltion. At the other end of the spectrum is straight probation and a slap on the wrist. A convicted sex of· lender. referml tOll53 ··diddler·· in .he pri9OI!c:anmumty. isliktly to beb.atm. raped or killed by fetlovo' inmates ,,'110 relegate lhe offender to ··fair game·' stat us In the penitentiary community. Mosl systems do not offer rounsding (or IU offenders and view them as a pariah woo requires special treatment and protection. Probated dl-fendants often are referred to rounseling or treatment cen·

"Pms«Ution or the threat of prosecu.ion is Imperati"e for any changes to occur:' remarks Karen Sellers. a direc· lor vi an abuse center. ··It foroe:s them 10 fact the dy,function of the family roles and to confront the probIem.~ The goal ;n addreuing the sexually abush'e parent depends on the com· munity's al titude. "If the main pur· post: is for punishment. the task becomes easy, Howe,·er. if we are at · .emp.ing. as a short·tenn goal. to preserve the famil)·. and as a long·t<'l111 goal to break the cycle. the proces;; becomes utn:mely convoluted:' Sellers

said. What lilhe answer.o the problem "'e ~' have thecourage to face? First. ""e must ~nize a sexually permis·

sive socieIy which lacks a humanistic. caring orientation contributes to the dd~i"e value sy51em presently being developed in ~ indi,·iduals. Sooond. children must learn they as individuals ha"e certa;n rights, one of .... hich is to be left alone. Third. parents must protl'C( (heir young from vulnerability through open and honest communica· tions. and by addressing sexual dys' function. if present within the famil y. Fourth.c:anmunhies must support and encou~ sex fCIucation in an atmosphere of human caring and commit· ment inclUlhng not only fact s on reproduai"e booIogy, but informationon human sexu.ality and pi)"<:hoIogic:al and mtra-family issues. Fifth. "'"e all must r"1'Olg1\I%t pedophilia is a "ery serious threat to oor chiklren and tooorse"·es as ",·ell. Community·based net .... orks must be est abli shed to fuUy uliliU! skills and resources to prot«t thechild from victimi!atioo and to return those }<t ...." 1"'-;

"haa!'\' \'k-tlm;zed loa lIappr, lI.'ailll}' and produo.1;\·t cllildhood, TIk> 111'1(1' Ilk> indi\'idual and 50CItI y p;I}'lI rttam-t 10 IIw long-rang(' ~Urn$ of I<'sual abust' is Slaggering, Boslon lTnh,~iT).'sCtnler for Law and l1eallh Sci~1ICf1 rePQl'I~ I<'sual abuse is a predisllQSinll rondilion 10 delinqueocy in some )'00111, an u~ion of rage al I~r mailrealml'fll. In l!wir sur.~ 01 1:;(1 adjudialed delinquenlS (99 boys and ~ I girls). 66 peroenl had a lIiS10ry of 5t'I~ ph)'1ical and R sual abuw. ~ rlW'an.oI on5oel was SI'>'en )'tII1'$. Fiflf'e11 ~raonl of lhe sexually abused )'001111, lxlth male and female, wert in"oh'ed in prostitulion, ~xually abused children generally are denied a normal childhood. A sig-. nificantl'\'$uil of sexual abuse is il ar· Tf'515 lheemolional c!e,'dopmenl of the )'oong, Ps)'chosexual maturation is greatly aff«led, which In tu m sets 1010 mocion mullitudesof fac1ors",' lucll ~enoll)' lead 10 maladapd"e beha'" ior, Such behavior may manifesl iTsttf Ihrough phobias, promiscui t y. self· mutilalion, drug dependenq, depres· sion. schiWphrenia or even motor pa, ralysis, Having experiencro degrada, lion 10 l!wir yoolh, IlIe), may act 001 lheir learned behavior againsl lheir OVo' n c h,ldrtn or againsl society in """,I.

Like lhe Tippit effect of a pebble dropped In a pond, the Rxual exploita· lion of a child spreads until it a/f/'CIS Ihe whole commu nily in some "'ay, The child hi mself grows inlo adult. hood and parenthood perpetuating t ilt cycle, by being metamorphosed from abused 10 abuser, T he child becofneos 100M ,o'l/sdelinquenl orcrimioa1.lIi s potentl.ll and talent that oould ha,'c bttn offeffllto tlwrommunity are lou , The "rry vilality of his community i. challenged when he is sexually maimed or delItro)'ed, Our human capilal. as wen u the simtliedlilnily of man, is at s take, Wc mus t ask oorsch'es wily w~, as tile lords of thr animal kingdom , s ubitct our young to ~xual per..-eTSIOrlI wllile t hr IesI<'r species lake sucll meticulous are of their young. Cllildren. In their ,nOOo:1'n<'e and unrestrai~ afffCIion s, deser.'c beuer, Our COIlSpiracy d si, lence hu become the ultimate crimeof man - the ultimate bet rayal. CI

Prevention: ANew Legislative Approach b, M nator Gary A ldridge Cllild abuse Itgis lalion has baon

In the 1983 Regutar Session, 1"'0

d legislation

common~ in Alabama O\'CI' lhe past

companion pi«es

1" '0 decadts, Tilt: focus primarily has

tnacted 10 pro"ide a ta~m "ehicle for the dc..-e!opmenl of pre"entive progrltms. Act No. 83-735 eslablisllt!l tile funding m/'Chanism for the creation of preventi"c programs by estab!is lling TheClliklren'li Trusl Fund, T llis fund is administ ered by lhe Cllild Abuse and Negl«1 PI't''tntion Boord, which illP"en broad implemffltalion Po\.,~ for t!ltablislling preve11I;,'e programs by Ad No, 83-736. ~ combined PUf' posoes lhe l"'OaelS are to pnwide for tilt: Illanned est ablishment of local CQ\Incils and prt"cmion prOgl'ltms and to ins ure tilt: n~ry funding for Ihese programs, This article will f;T$t

been on mandatory reporting legisla, tion and defining appropriale crim inal laws. Rcc<:ntly, howe ver, (he Alabama Legislature embarked on an innovalive approacll 10 tile maltrealment of children - PREVENTION. Adoption ofTIleChildren's Trust Fund and lhe Child Abus.. and NegtfCI PJn'ention Ad (togelherdeslgll3led "Tilt: Mart in, AId~ Act ·) is • silt"irlCllm slatemenl of public policy for lilt: protfCIioo d Alabama's child rtn , Alabama has distinKUished il~l f as a leader in the search for solution s 10 tile mOSI alarm· ing societal problem in America.

Alabama &"al", Cary In ,lId,idJ(i', U 1977 J(J'<Idu, O/IIM Unil'('r'$ily qf Alabama &11001 of I.JIII', pruclicd i" Iml",. Alllha",,,_ lie p~"11J JO'n"" II. doi, ..... " of /IoIlIlhe &l1(1lt IIlt1l1l1 milln: "lid I," l.tgi.iIllit<' TasIt Fo,", on Child A/n,uu,", N«Im, ul~

/i".,

c.:...,.

discuS!! The Children's Trust Fund legislation and then pun/iew the Child Abu se and NegI(ct Pr~'wtioo Act.

Th e Ch il dre n's Trus t Fun d The Children'. Trust Fund w.tll Cl"Nted at a time when Alabama was in a gnlVe financial po$tu~. Revenue raising measurt:S Wfft; being passed to allnw the s tate to meet its most essen· tial sen/iCl!$. Clearly the re"enues were not a"aila hlc to undertake a new program, irrt$pective of the need and meril fA that program. Hence, the trust fund ,,'ueslablisMd in acreativeand inno",alive manner; il is funded from a voluntary check-QIf on the state in· come tax ~um . Beginning " 'ilh the 1983 tax year, the Alabama taxpayer "'"'Y desijnate $2 on an indi"idual return and $<I on a joint return to bt ondiled to The Children's T",st Fund. No state revenue will i.II! used in the

..... m. The truSt fund legislation targets ultimate accumulation of $iO.OOO.OOO. Preventive program s will bt funded from the earnings of the trust fund. with the principal remaining intact . 1I0wever, until the $10,000,000 target is Khitv«l, nomore than 50 perrent of the amount of thefundon be used for administrative expenses and funding aI prevtnti,"t pnJgraffiS. The languaae alllIe truSI fund act is suirlcitnlly broad to allow the Child Abuse and N~1«t Pl"C"ention Board ronsiderable leeway in oo'eloping pr0grams in ronjuoction with the local oouncils. Essentially, the funds are to be used to provide education and in· formation: to crt'ate public awareness regarding child abuse and neglecl: to tnaJUr!lgt pn:)/'el;Jiional persons and groupS to tec<lflniu and elfal with abuse and ~Iect: and to encourage the de'..elopment of community preventive programs. Child Abu se a n d P r c \' en tio n Act Act No. 83-736 e51ablishes the s tate Child Abuse and Neglect Prevention Board as an autonon>oUs agency aI st ate government. The act provides that the commissioner of the state Department of Pensions and Security.

the state mtnlal health officer, the $late health ofrl(ff, the state superin· tendent of education and the director of publ i<: $.a Itt y or their desigrws shall sen't on the board. In addition, the gO\"tmOr istmpao..'tI"ed to appoint one public: member Irom each c:utgI"tSSional district and tWO memben from the Slate-at·large. From this grOUp aI public board membelli.thegovemorisen· tilled to appoint a chairperson.

"A labama I/Os madegreal slrides by /Kl.sstlge of legis((J tiOll Ihal ellco" I"ages a lld " ",ds p,'el'ell/il'e progra m s (I llite lomlln e/,"

The board is require:! 10 d~'elop a state plKn for the dist ribution of the funds in T he Children's Trust Fund. The act provides that the plan sha ll assure fqual opportunily for Ihe establishment of prevemive JlI"OKT'3.ms in all gtOgraphic areas of the state. The board is furtMr require:! tocoordinate t he eat a bl ish menl of local councils and prevention pnJgrams. The I(t contemplates that local oouncill shall h,a"e the primary pur· pose for the dC'"elQpmen\ and facilita· tion 01 a roIlabor.ttiw communit y prevention prq,tram. A local council seek· ing funds from the Slate board must demonstrate an ability "to prm'ide prevention prq,tram models and consult a· tion OIl!aniutions and communities regardin" pl"C"ention program devel· oprTI('nt and maintenance." In addi· tion, the local oouncil must provide mat(hing fundi or in·kind ser.. ices of 50 peTCtnt of the amount fA the truSt fund monty ncei,·fd. The local coun· cill areprovided the incentiveand guid· ance tooo'dopand impkment pre,·en· ti"f program. suitable for their gMgraphi<: areas. Ellampiesof thepreventi,'t~ms wvi:Poned by the legis lation have been developed and implemtntfd by Par· enll and Children Together. Inc. (PACT) 01 Ikcatur, Alabama. PACT was established in 1978 and now util·

izes more than 200 volunteers in im· plementing a aeries 01 preventive and treatment proeram5. Its three·tier school program is recogniud as a na· tional model. Third grade students reoe1Ve(lasses on the pTe\'wtioo of !leI' ...... I.buse. Fifth grade students are in· s tructt'd on problem solving and han· dling peer pre!IIiure. A SC\'enth grade prO(I:l"am focuses on adolescent preg. nancy prevention along with classes designed to promote interfamily rela· tionshipS. In addition to the instructional pr0grams at the elementary and middle school level, PACT provides parenting classes for parents who ha"e been identified a. high·risk parents. Prenalll classes instruct the moIMr·to-bt on labor, delivery and wild deve1opment. Every new mod.er in Morgan Coumy Tf«'ives I visit lrom a PACT volunteer and is 1Ii"en infonnation on childdeveloprnent. Recen!ly, PACT ini· tiated a progrlm for childrw who ta ke careof themr,;eh'es becauseof working parenl5, e mphasizing safety and in· struction on self care. Also, PACT $tn/f$ as a clearinghouse on all types of information relating 10 abuse, neg· Iect a nd sex ......1exploitation of children. PAC T serves 1$1 model for tilt local councils to be tstablisMd under the Mart in·Aldridge Act. With the ev~· illCml5ing Iuwlion being g1\'t11 to (hild abuse and neglfct, emphasis on pTe\'tllti"e proerams will iocrease. Alabama has made great strides by Pilssast of legislation that e!lCO\lrageS and funda prtVwtive programs at the local level. Co n c lu si o n As a ma llcr of policy, Alabama nnw Tf((I81Iizes lhe 11«([ for a preventive approach to child abuse and neglect. T he Children', Trust Fund Act and the Child Abuse and Neglect Preven· tion Act provide the funding and the ttructure to establish a network of l0cal pTe\"tnti''t pnJgrams. but much remains to be clone. Public a"'areness of the chfCk~f contribution is indis' pensable. Alabama has the OppOrtun· ity \0 become a leader in effectively addressing a problem proving to be more widf$~ad than previously im· agined, 0

Child Abuse and the Juvenile Courts 0, Judge Sa ndra II. Ross

he news that Alabamians are abusing and neglecting their childrtn in r'«IlrlI numbers has lIeoJnw hard to i~. In Ala· b;!ma, during fiscal year 1984. the Ala-

bama Department d Pensions and St· ctIrit y (DPS) received 28.407 child abuse Tt]lOrl$.a number approximately I wenty percem higher thin that .-.pOrted in

1983. Society currently is addressing the child abust iUlIe from the four per· spectives of pre-'cnlion. treatment of families, proIection of child= and ~tion 01 abustl"l;. Of the four. the protl'Ction of children and the pr'OIIKU' lion of thei r abustrs most COI'IC!'rn 1he attorneys a nd judgtt of this SlalC, While the inhel'('n! problems of tile slICaSSful pro!I«ULion of child aooSffil are d .......i "II oonsider.o bIe public a lIen· lion. il is lIC\'trthelts$ a fact thaI a retalj"ely small number of N'JI(lned child a buse cases are III it a ble for pr0secution in lhe adult criminal justice system. [n the I1lt'anLi~. 11le juvHlile COUrts 01 Abbama are addressilllllhe problems of the childRfl and family fMmben; in e\'H}' abuse CISI' ~med appropriate for any degree of coun intervention. The caSl'I()3d~ of the juvenile rourts ha,·e ~ heav;"f with the increase in reponed abuse. Many atlOme)'". often roun·aJlll(linted .rw:I without b;peTYntt in dealing with the ju'·eni!e system and families in gen· eral. are entering the field. There is a

need Iw Alabamaauorr>Cy1 to ~

more familiar with tilt unique

pn:ICr-

dure and law of lhoe ju'·enile OJUM systffll. Pursu ant to §12-1 ~3O(1) AID. CA!d~ 1975. thoe ju,·enile coun, of Alabama have exclusive original jurisdict ioo ()\Ier p. oc::ftdinRS involving dtpenden t child· ren othose who.re abused. ne:el«tedw in OIher wal·S de~~nt upon lhoe state for their care w 5u pervisioo. Once an abuse report is made to DrS. t hi"Ol.lgh maooatwy reporting as requirtd by §26-14-1 AID. UJdt 1975. w by any other """",ns. the l&tOCY is reQuired to in,·estigate 10 determine if rourt inter"l'cnlioo is necessary. II il is determined the welfare of t he child reQuires theroun to ~ invoh·ed. then a romplaint is filed ....·ith the OJUrt"s ju'·enile inlake olficer who. in tum. m;ooy filt a pttition allegina lhedtild in Queslion is dependent and in need of the care or supervision of the cooTt. This pttit ion may be signed by anyom' having kncr.o.·1edge 01 the facts. bot is oIten lilned by a ~ntati"e 01 DPS. thereby making that agency a party 10 IlIeca5l'. After the petition is filed. the intake officer mus t issue a ~ummons to the child toapprar. if he or she is 12 w more ycan 01 age. and to the parents. guardian Of" custodian of thechild. Thesummons must ~sen"fll on a pany al !east Z~ houn be(Of"e a hearing. but Ihe inability to $en'" does not deprh·e the court of the right to

proceed. Rule 13. AIDboma R,,1n

,,,,,,"ik f'roctd" ". At the time the petition is filed. the

;uI·enile ju~ may iss"", a prOIective pick·up order fw the child without notice to the pa rties. if it is determined from the available infOf"mation the child should ~ immediately removed from his environment. This pick·up order may be endorsed on the sum· mons or may be entered by scparate order before scl"'liceof the summons. If a child is remo,·ed from his residence and p1actd in the custody of DPS prior to a hearina. then theOJUn must coo· duct a s heller care hearing ,,·ithin hour~d thechild·s removal .....'eeken<ls and holidays induded. to determine if cont i nu.ed ca re i s req ui red. § 12· I5-6O(a~ I'arenl s. guardian I or cu stadians must be notifoedolthedate. time and plaaol lhe hearing. as well II 01 their right to counsel. If parenti are found 10 be in· digent. the court then mUSI appoi nt counsel to represent them a t thi s and .11 st:ages of lhe J)r"(iCftd.ings. Thecoun also must aJlll(lint an all~ 105er\'e as guardian ad litffll fonhe child. liZ· l~b). All relevant eo.·ider>Oe il ad · missible at a shelter CarC hearing whether or nOl competent at a hea ring on the medu of the petition. §lZ·15--6O{d). The law s lrongIy fal'Ol"S the n~se of children to their p"renl~ and di r«tl couns 10 return \ hem unless oneof the followi ng situations is proved by dear

and oom'incing evidence at the shelter care heari~ The c~ild has no suitable l'O",nl. guardian or OIher suitable pe~ able.nd willing to provi<le sUp"rvi• ion .nd core lor lhe child. or 2. The relrase 01 th. child would pr... en{ a serious thre.t 0/ substantial harm lOsuch child. §IH5-59. From the time of the lirst report to DPS of abuse or neglect until such timeas they are relieved of s upervision in a case. the ag<!ncy is c~arged with in"estigation of the allegations bel<n the coun and wit~ s upervision of the parties to determine if CQUrt-Qniered treatment is being fonowed . Attorneys representing parents and children should rec<Jgnize the findings and re-commendations of the DPS caseworkers are critical in many cases as they pro.'ide for the court an impartial picture of the child's circumstances. DPS predisposition reports are admissible at shelter care hearings and. pursuantto§12·I5-69(a), the cou rt may direct such a study and report be made for use at a hearingonthe merits of the petition. Juvenile dependency ~earings are conducted in two phases. the first heing a hearing on lhe allegations of the petition and the second being disposi· tional in nature once the coun has found a child to be dependent and in need of the Care of the coun. At the trial of the merits. Ihe anegations must be proved by dear and convincingevidence. competent and malerial and relevant in nature. §12-15-65(e). This burden S<lCms 10 preclude admission of predisllOSitional studies at tl!.: hearing on the merits of hearsay grounds un· less one of the following exct'ptions applies: 1.

Question presented, including oral and wriuen rcp:ms. may be received into evidence even though nOl cumpetent at a hearing on the !'Ctition. In Kelly v. State Departmenl 0/ Pensions altd St· eurity, 366 So.2d 736 (Aia .Civ.App. 1979). the court stated hearsay in DrS reports is admissible at a disposition hearing, noting in that case all reports were furnished to opposing counsel in advance 01 t~e hearing and the author of the report was present in CQUrt. After hearing all pertinent evidence at disposition. the court may order one of the following ahernati.-cs for the child as set out in §12·15·71: 1. The child remain ,,'ith I'Orents. guardian orcustooian subjeclto rerlain terms such as a I't'qui .... mtnt llIal the family cnter ooun ..ling or a!lend l'O",nl effectiveness c"' ....., 2. The child remain wi,h (III .... nt5, guardian or cu.tooian under proIect;'·. supervision of court probat;""

.taff or of Drs; or 3. ~I cuslooy of the child be tran.· r....red to DPS or OIher local public child·placing agency '" private ",. ganiza'ion lICensed by DPS. '" to. rt:ia, i ,.• or other person """",mended by DPS as being fit and_. All of the aoove listed aiternati.·es require court review. which means a dependency case may involve allor· neys and parties for months or even years. For instance. if thecouTllTans· fers temporary custody of a child 10 DI'S. trn:n that c~i1d generally is placed in fosler Care until I!.: Can be reunited with his family or unlil parental rights are terminated and the child placed for

adoption. In Alabama, the average length of stay for a child in fostercare is now 2.3 j'ears, and administrative rules of DrS and recommended coun policy requ ire court review of c~ildren in placement at least every six months. Appeals from juvenile court orders. whether entered by district or circuit coon judges, are made to the court of civil appeals and ",ritten notice of appeal must be filed within fourleen days of the entry of the order. judgment or decree_ Rule 28. AI4l>ama R,,1es of J",.mih Procedur~. Anorneys should note Rule 20 requires the oourt 10 keep a complete record of all testimony by stenographic reponing or by mechanical device. such as recorders. which may be used for purpose of appeal. In conclusion. each child abuse case reported and brought to tl!.: juvenile coon for intervention may require as many as t~ree or more allorneys before final disposition. As the number of dependency cases grows. so does the need for attorneys who are familiar with the law and procedure applicable to juvenile courts and who have adequate skills in dealing with children, parents and mental health professionals in order 10 so!>,, complex familj' problems. The greatest contribution I~e legal system can make in the area of child abuse is to provide competent legal representatives lor lhe parties involved_ The quality of representation in a dependency case may often be determinative of the quality of life of the child whose best interesls the COIIns are dedicated to serve. 0

1. The ~port. were prepared al the di. reel;"" 0/ the trial OlDrt;

Thcauthorolthe~portisav.i la~

at the h... ring for 1>11.,.,.... of CI'(&. examinat ion: or 3. There is tes,imony prts<:nled in court OlIToborating ,he information in lhe reports. lIamiltQn •. $/al•. 410 So_2d 61 (AI • .Civ.App. 1982~ If achild is found to bedependent. a second hearing is held to d~termine disposition of the case_ At thedisposi· lion hearing. all relevant and material evidence helpful in detennining the

Jrl/erwn c"""ly l>istrit:l Judge Stmdro /I. /(= is Q

1978ad",illl't: to Ihe Awl>a",a Stale /Jnr. Shegroduated. '"m wude. /ro", Cu",bed"",1 School o/l.mv. In at/dililm 10 wroi"" Qi" distriel judge, she also is

on sp«",( " ..ig.w,rnlto Ihr. f:quity Ulurl. domll<lic rewlio>lS.

The DA as a MObilizer b, 0i61rict Attorney

Kobert E.Crllmcr. Jr.

~r ~tion ~\Ir:(1lt~y..is expe-

sexual abuS('. Consistent agenq' ac-

live coordinaled help. many children COllI inut lObe. bused, ha vi ng t he qual· ity of lheir enlire liv('$ affeclt<!. suff~· ing last ing emotional injury and somelimes becoming abusers themselves. T he following scenario for child sexual abuSl' inv('$tigation is probably enacted on a daily basis in ~ery Slale in tl>t United States: A child oonfidts to IIOme IruSted per· son oulside the family (perhaps a teacher) he or ~he 1$ bemg sexually abusoed by a paN'lIl. The t.-acher reports the caSl' 10 I1M' Counl}" Deparl· ment of Pen.i<Jns and &cunt}· protoc' IIH-' serVICe work.... or to law enforremenl. Thechild Is.mtef\·i~"ed b}' each agency. An Inlake worker from the 10C31 child proteo;"til"e Sl'f\'i~ agency vis· it~ the home and confronts the parenl with Ihe child 's complainl of se~ual I , .

lion and interagency referral have ~ hampered by the fact agencies and pro. fessionals otlen do nOl communil;ate. much Ies$ coopcl'iue. in the,. efforts to providfo S<!T'\'1Oe lor viclimf"of child sexual abuse. Many ~ see them· seh"eII 'n role conflicts with other agenciell . FOT eumple. a Department 01 P.msions and Security PfOIKtive sentoe. "'orker may be imeTl:'Sted in reuniting a female mcest victim with her fam'ly. "' hile a prCbtCU10T may want to fi le criminal c harges against h~r fatht r. As a result. without effee·

chIld lOa ph}'sieian for a medical exam and "',lIlikel)' T«OOlmend a therapist forlhechi!d and family. This." course. requi rtS I he child 3 nd !amil y to endure additional inle ...·~·s. Pollet! and child prolecth'e se ...,oe inv~tigat "" find" difficult or ,·;"u · all}' ImllO"slble t~ obtain comprel>en' s;.·... tnt'dlcal and p$}"{hological evalua· tions forvl(lIms. perpetrators and their

ncnc\~an

epidemIC number

d rtpOrtsof chIld sexual abuse.

Studies (which vary) indicate one in

ten men and one in fi,'c women ha,-e been sexually abused as children. It is accepted widely the reported cases refleet only a fractIon of lhe actual numberofcul'5. Few commUnities ha,·~ child !;eXual abuse .. mt......'ffinoo'· programs. Cases of child sexual abuse are reported \0

child prot«1"-C

~ice

3g<:'ncies. law

enforcemem a,gencll'S. prostCUtors. thernjllS1S, ph)'slClans. ministers and

counselors. PhY'lCi~ns. nurses, leach.· ers and Other pruf('S;Jonals coming into contact w,lh children who may have been abused are confused about the proceSll for rep.ming and the follow ·up on rCpOrl('d cases of child

famIlies. TreatnlCnt resources are hmilt<!. Often. the proH'cti.'e SI'QIice worker will seek a court petition to chanJll' custody of the child·victim. This tnV~ves Ihe ch ild as a potential wilness in this custody petition and will reqllIrean altomey \0 be aJllXlinteil to Tl!pouenl tm- child (guardian ad Ii· lem), Again. thechlld and family have lOinleract ";Ih additional"stra~" f 10 be InICf\lewed concerning the repOrted ch,ld se~u.al abuse. :-i"eedl{"';8 10 sa\". 001 man)' children and famlh..." can "~u ... i'·e·· the process >II the oulhned ~n3no. Add 10 that the fart that m~mbo>rs of the disci· plinf"li ;n"ol, lod lack oo.i( understand· >IIg aoout the phenomenon of child se~ual abuse and refuse to accept responsibility 10 increase their knowl· edge or .kitts. Without a coordinated communil y agenc)' approach to N'ported cast'S of child sexual abuse. man}' offender!) WItt 1'!IC3pt' proper 5cf\Itiny becau»(' tl>t vlC~im, are not able 10 SUTY",! t he S)'sttm Consequently. the community must Ulllle and react to~ther ,n lhe!eca........... In Mad1son Count)·. Aboo!l13. repons of chIld sexual 3bu~ began 10 incn:a-.e.rnp;dlyin 1981. When elected dIStrict allorne)' in 1981, [had ('"StabIished a .ySienl to re";ew reporled C3S\"!1 of chIld abuse for possible ctimi· nal pl"OSl.'CutiO!1. Il.ctween the years 197'J and 197ft. I was an assistant dis·

triel anomer and was assigned to Juv.milf: Court_ A$ a constqueflCl!. I ....·as required to work witll repres.enta· tives from the Madi$Ol1 County De· parlmenl of Pension s and Securily proIective service workeT$ who were involved in removing children from parenls because 01 c llild abuse and nexlect. s..;.U!le 01. \hil txPl"~. when Mled district anorney. [ set up review meetings wilh DPS protective IItrvice workers. Every month. represenlatives from my office mel wilh Ihe protective service workers to review • peeific c~ 01. ,lIild abuse. AI tt.ese sessions .....~ ....'ffe able to advise the pro(ecti~ iIeI"Yia workenabout counroom ttstimony.lheele~t. 01. criminal olfenses. prOper documentation a nd when to refer lola w enforcement. During 1981. ....-e brgan reviewing child sexual abuse case.. Suddenly. we were faced willi an (I'o'erwhelming in~ase of such cases. After a year. ";e found 2:54O'K. of the abuse cases revie'o"ed invoh'ed child IItxua\ abu se. Alarmingly. over the ~xt few years. most of Ihe abuse reviewed was child IItxual abuse. law enforcement was added to this team review in 1983. Also in 1983.theteam reviewS6Sioos"'ere increased and now aremnducted twice monthly. Presently.duringour review &eSSion., the team decides whether a cue i8 to be referred for criminal pl"OfitCUtion . for therapy or for further de,·doprnem and follow'up review. Specialized forms are used lor tllis review allowing eacll ¥ncy 10de!ail all follow·up ~urn. As a parallel to theprosecutionlDPSt lawenfon::ementleam m'iew .ou r com · munily formed a Child Sexual Abu se Task Force in 1983. Because of the alarming numberof child sexual abuse ClIsts revie ....·ed at the tum review _iogs. we felt a need to .krt and inform ot her proIe5$ionals and agency ~tati"es about whal waS 0ccurring in lhei r community. Represen· latives from DPS and my office appeared before our county cllild abuse ~tion coalition called SCAN (Stop Child Abuse and N('gl«t) whicll had existed in the community for allllO!it ten years. We informed the SCAN board of directors 01. lhe alanning number of child sexual abuse case!; in tile community. We ~;Ied the need for

•

other proIe5$~1 in,'Ol"~menl particularly from thet~tment and medical communities, We~lsotmphasized many others, such a s teachers, nurses. daycare workers and private school •. will be exjXl5ed to more and moreease!; 01. cllild sexual abuse. Tllis would reQ.uire additional community education pn:iKrams 10teacllihem about thesubject malle.-. TO£Mher .....-e formed the Child Sexual Abuse Task Foret. The task force included representatives from medical. treatment. nursing. education, pn:I6tCUtion, protecti"e 1Itrv;"" and !.;,W ~nforce~t facilities • and daycare and community agency repn!lefltati"es and volunteers. The task fOlU met at LeaSt Iw;"" a mon1h and inilially "'as brol<~n down into subcommittees that included: treat· ment. intervent;OI1, identificatioo and prevention. Each $ubcommiltet came up witll differenl goals and recommendations. For inlla~. the [nte.-"ention Subrommittetdr<'eioped as its goals a manual on child sexual abuse to be distributed to teachers, nurses and others. and a projXl5ed symposium or workshop on child sexual abuse. The primary importa~ol the task forc:r wu to bring agency representa' ti"e:I tlJllelher to discuss a problem they had in common . Most agencies and repre:sentati,'es in the lask fOlU had "hands-on" involvemenl in reporled case!; of cllnd sexual abuse. However, many did IlOl know one another. The DPS protective lItrvice worken often were referring children and fami· lies to then!py ..... i1~1 krlO"A'led$ of

the philosophy of the t~tment then!· pist. Many agenc1e:l .....e<l' unfamiliar w,th the process of cnminal prosecu. 1;011 and were reluctant to report cases for criminal pro$I;'Culion becauso. of the effeo:t such would hil,'e 01\ lhe family. The task fOlU rnetllnp and projects allo".. ed proItsSlonals to discuss their common problems wlih one another, lt brougllt the professIOnal communny closer together and closed many 1oopholes previously existi ng. Howe"ff. there were many awkward moment$ as the task force de"~loped. At certain times. the task force mded up taking position. COI\Oicting with agency poIicoes. Some part'ClplntS felt '·threilt· eoed" br policy and goal <k>·elopmenl of the task force, but the agencies I1'IO!lt affected by the processes in"ol\'ed in reported eases of child so.xual abuse continued to ",wk together in the lask f~.

In August 19&1. the Inten.·entlOn Committee olthe task fOlU proposed a pnJgram for lhecommunitycalled lhe Children's A<hocacy Center. During the August meeting 011 he task force. J narrated a "reenactment" 01 an actual case of child 5exual abuse. This case 'n,'Ol"ed a IZ-yur-old girl wOO had d.,dosed 10 her grandmother she had been sexually abused by her step. father and father fOf" U long as she could remember, Th~grandmothersat up all night wilh the child and heard the "dreaded" story. The followingday the grandmother _nttothepolicedep;lIrtll'll'fll aoo thereilfttr ",-as ''bouno!'!,f ' from agency 10agency_ The child " 'as

floMrl E. Cmmotr. j,.,gnull,III,/roltf 1M UII'I''trsUy fAM' Schl1(J/," 1972. II~ NW ~1i'CIM Madi!,,,, u,~"ly dislricl IIl1or"I'Y ill 1980 (wd he/pro Vfj(fmi... Ih~ ChildrfHJ ""<'<Kaey ernlrr (jo,muly Ih, Chikl yxullf ;Ibw ... TQSk F"ra) iN 1983.

0/ Afll/tllmll

inte.."ie>oo·~ by the police deportment. Ill'S protective service ~nd tml'f'genCy room IIo6pit~1 ~~1. She wa~ referr«! to therapy. and a guardian ad lnem was appointed for her in the ~moval of custody from her mother. She was then ~ferrtd to the district III000nty', offlC<' for rtView for crimi· Ml pror;«Ution. This ase illustrated the ...'OO'St all' proach community agtnciescould lake to child sexual abuse. The child lold her Story to the grandmother and 10 tilt DPS ...·orker. but would 1\01 ~peat her story to any OIher PTOf~ionals. The S1cp1ath .... ronfnsed his guilt to OIheB in the oommunily. and the cue was in a posture for criminal pro!IeCution. but this could not be ac· complished withoul the child's telling her story in court, This was a 15month ordeal from slart to finish. end· ing with successful ~tion of the steptathe!'. This ase experience illus. tnoted policies lhat could nOl continue If chIldren a~ to be trlOO\lraged to <:orne into the criminal justice system. In early August 1984, tWO atlOrneys from my offia and I Went to los An · geles. California. 10 interview two young boys who "''ere &elIual abuse victim$. WhilC' in 10I AngeIes ....~ vi· "led the Venlura County. California. district allornC)'soffice to look at their Child Sexual Assault Unit. Also. we visi ted the Children's Instilute in Los Angeles. TM Child~n's Institute is a private foundation, 88 yearsold. ""hich mtIIit reoently has ben! mvolved ""ith mten'iewing the chIldren who were se~ually abused al the Manhanan IlI'ach Dayca~ Center. Jt was after this visit that we proposed to the community task for« tilt formation of the Children's Advocacy Center. The Children '5 Ad ''(ICKY Center is a "program" with I focus on an ad· varlCt'd team approach to reported cases of child sexual abuse. The objective is to demonstrate a unique a nd s uccess· ful community apprtJOCh tointeraget1C)' management of child IM'xual abuse reports. The o',eQll gOiIl of the project i. to con!lOiidate agency ~nd prof~ional invo"~ment in addressing the pr0blem of child sexual abuse. This will be ac<:ompiished by allowing relevant community agenooto work together

through the prtIKI1Im based in the Chlld~n's Ad,-ocacy Center. A proIIfCUtion/pmlectiveservioellaw enforcement team will review all reports of child sexual abuse. The team will be b<tscd in a homelike "house" called the Children', Advocacy Center. From this base. tM tum ""ill coonli· nate the h;lndling of cases. The cen· ter', program will be the umbrf:lla pr0gram under whIch community agen· cies will implement a model team approach, Tilt prOSC'CUtionllaw enforcement! protfCti"e service tum will jointly in· vntlgate report! of chikllM'xual abuse and will make reI,.,.",l, for therapy and medic.alexams.lt is ~ that tlltrapy sessions and medical exams will be initiated or lake place at the Center. Thereafter. all relevant agen·

"Most Oft e n, tbe dl· lemma f acing (I district attorney 's office is that tbe cbild·victlm s, som e (IS young as three or fo ur, are oft en the m lly witnesses 10 the crime. ..

cies or OIher professionals in,·ot.·ed with the child·victim and family can participate with tMm at tilt center to help make decisions in the best inler. est of 1M child, family and society. A victim·witness clC'rk lrom the district attorncy'sollice will beavailable al the center to introduce tilt child and fam· ily to the cri minal juStice ,ystem. Tilt prcgram s taff ...'ill ~eIop in· tenoiew teams and ""ill oonduct the in· tenoit'Ws of the ch,Id·,·iclim. Childvictims will no longer be intervieo,o,'ed at pOlice departments, DPS offices or pr05eCUtion offices. All I"lrticipaling agencies will refer child·victims to the center. Tea m intenoiewers ""ill ques· tion the children in the horne-like sur· rouooings,and. whereapproJll'iate.the intenoiew will bevideotaped. Hoe con· fKlentiality of the video will be pre!lerved by center pOlicy. Review for crimi nal prosecution will be done at

the (eO'll ..... This will be donf, by tM pn;I!jt'CUtorllaw tT1f~nt!protecti'~ service team. lithe child neMs to be reinterviewed. that will be petiormed by the inilial interview learn at the center. The center will keep stat ist ics on the number of child sexual abuse victims sen-ed. agencie$ participating. sen-ices provided. victim and offender profile and the numbe.- of offenders prOIM'CUled and case disposition. When a caseis nOl ~ferred forcrim· inal prosecution, the ttam w ill attempl to stabilize the child and family. They ""ill make ~ferral5 appropriate 10 lTLo1Iintain tile safety ,nd ",·ell·being of the child·,'ictim. The team lTLo1Iy recommend crimi nal prosecution be Su5· pended as long as tilt offende<' is kept out of the child·victim·s home and presence. DPS protective service will monitor tilt child and family and presen'e thechild's Sillety.nd well·being. Plriodic team ~iews lTLo1Iy be (On. ducted. and additionalaaency~· neI wi!! be invoh·ed. Additional team ~view may involve t he team with DI'S prOiecti,'e service and lXJoS$ible r~mo val 01 the child from the family and oflendn. Close coordination will occur betWH'llthe ttam and the aaency~· ing a court petition and order to remove thechild from the custody ci the family. The team ",·ill monitor the court pcOCf'(ding and will make recommendations in the best interesl of the child and family. Each team membe.- will act :;IS his ~ liaison. and follow·up or addi· tionaJ person"",l involvement through that agency ""ill becoordinated through the team agency representati"t. In mO$t cases. DPS will useuist ing per· sonnel to supervise calM'$ initially developed through itl team member and OIher per.iOnnel " tllecenter. This will allov.· additional personnel from each agency to p.Jrticip.Jte in the

"""m. At tilt conclusion of 12 months. the

Ihe staff involved in the program wil l rroommend detailed intera&encr pol. icy approaches in the handling of r~ ported casesof child IM'xuaJ abuse. The program will allow arencies to evalu"e the benefit 10 the child· victim and family from a coordinated interagency approach, Madison County prof~ionals ha,'e

•

recognized tht' interviewing process and te.:hniqul."S are critical in cases of child sexual abuse. Anotl\t'r primary benefit of the program will be the further de"elopment of such te.:h· niques. ~and follow-up. Proper intervie,.;ing of a child·victim can be therapeutic. The center's staff and other agency panicipant s will become specialized in this process. The panic· ipants in the progTam will develop a videota pe interview guide which will stress a comm unity approach tochild sexual abuse. T his interview guide will be a"ailable at the conclusion of the progTam. Local and nalional publicity about child sexual abuse has prompted more parents 10 bringsuspecled caSoeS before our community professionals , Most often, the dilemma facing a district at torney'soffire is Ihat thechild·,·iclims. some as \'oung as three or four. are often the only witn<'SS\'S to the crime. Preparing a child to testify in COlIn is one of the most difficull things for any prosecutor. The criminal just;"" sys' tern was designed for adults. It is a system that expeclS victims to un· dergo n umerous interviews and COlIn appearances. that expecls testimony to be aniculate and detailed and in which cross'Cxamination often confuses the coolest adult. The child in the counroom poses new problems. Because the offenders often Ihreaten harm to the child and family. sexually a bused children may not rep::lTt incidents for mont hsor years later. Chances for corroborating evi· dence or effe.:t ive prosecution are therefore affected. These arethe tough· est cases in the criminal justice sys· tern. Very rarely do they find success· ful solution; many cases reported to police and protective service never make il far through the criminal juslice system. The first cases we took into the criminal justice system taught us many adulls would like to believe children ma ke up these things, Adult s do not want to confront the awful fact many parents will sexually abuse their chil· dren. Also, we. as a society, do not like to belic-.'e we would be willing to send an adult to prison on the testimony of a "ery youngchild. At hean. we really do not trust children.

Hov.eyer, expens in OUr community now believe children are mOTe credible witnesses than adults. es pecia l1y when it comes to sexual abuse. Young children do not lie about sexual abuse because it is not withi n their realm of experience. Children can be effective wilnesses if they are adequately prepared. If law enforcement and com· munity professionals show a little sensitivity. children can mo,'e through Ihe criminal justice system with a minimum of stress We are de,'eloping mooellcgislation calling for the abolition of competency hearings and allowing videotapingof a child's testimony, rules of evidence al· lowing for hearsay and expert wit· nesses and background che.:ks for people who work nearor with children. How to begin awmmunity approach 10 child sexual abuse? Law enforce· ment, prosecution, protective service and other professional prople in the community who have direct contact with cases have to be willing 10 stick out their necks. They need to begin to review their cases together on a regu· lar basis. and invite otherdisciplines 10

join them. Agencies need to permit a small number of interested staff to concentrate their case e xperience. As cases are re"iewed by these "hands· on" people. interagenq cooperation ",iii improve. It will not happen Oyer' night. but it will happen . Critical review is I."Ssential to improving case management. l'rofl."SSionals also have the responsibility 10 design and participate in education progTams aimed at increasing their knowledge about Ihe problem of child sexual abuse and improving their inter.-ention skills. Our children are OUr hidden assets: it;s time we stood up for them. 0

Child s.:xual Abu se will be the topic 01 a sy mposium February 20-22. 1985. in Hunt sville. Sponsor~.J by the Child Advocacy Unit of the Madison County dis! rict at tornl.'Y' s office. t he workshops are targeted for physicians. legislators. judges. educators, therapists and any othen; involycd with and concerned about this ever·growing problem. For m~ information, plcase con· !act Ms. leigh Johnson, coord inator, (205) 53B-160.

Introduce Your Clients to a

Valuable Service. R£tcr them to Business Valuation Services 1<". cx pcn dc[crm1lUOOli of f.tir markt yaluc of bu5incm:s, and financial analysis and consulution in cases of: o &tate planning

o Estate settlement

o Marital dissolutions o ""'r.italizatioTl$ o Emp O)'cutock ownership pl:lIl.'i

0 Bankruptcy proceedings 0 Mergersoracquisitions 0 Buy-sell agn:emcnts 0 Dissident stockholder suits

Contact Dr. John H . Davis m , 6OCommcrceSt. , Suite 1018, P.O. Box 2310, Montgomery, AL36103 (205) 262-6751.

THE VERY BEST IN

MEDICAL MALPRACTICE CONSULTATION TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE BUREAU In"ilea no-n_.

~. by-sid~

om~nies

Olher

Review of cases by non-&p«iali,ts. siooallesliHcl'll or laymen

romparilion olits program ..'llh OItM,rs:

Techllical AssislaJice Bureau prof~

Re"~'" of cases condudw 011/1 by n!flli. cal board ~r1irlftl specialius matched 10

roor particular rtqul~menl5 Unsigned rqJOrt5 01( reports pn:P=d b)' an

All ~ports

anonymotlS~ommi nec

or UMamcd "direc· to, " on com pany's leucrhcad No Icslimony or will "'ry" 10 r."d an upen

te~ify

Medical aJm;ultants al a singk location oral great diilW>OOi from yow otfl«

..... ritori. Medical board ttrt ifotd SprriaIiMsklallf'II in aIllJTtfU or 1M United SlakS

All{Klymous lestimonial~ "Free ~ase evaluation" - anonymous two .'>Cntclltt rrpon of dubious value:

l!!Jkp!'h

,a<,siudy by " .....kal IM:>ard

5ptNiist known 10 and appro,·w by you for fairrompen'l'llion ~rlmed

Gimmich. gimmicks: sufJmsc oommgcn<')' fee. maooalOl'y romingcncy fee. e~orbi(anl an<.l/O!" hidden r......

inquiry

There call be no other choice but Technical A ssislatl Ce B fl reau .

NATIONWIDE 800-336-0190

(TOlL-FREE NUMBER)

y ''I .... <>I17'OJ .. 71.~'ll~ Moo ... Wa./I,_ IX: <>I I~71 · 5Illt>

C>I,,.,.,,", ,011 ~ 'S-.. I ·'" ,

s.. ~_"""'<>II "1/· )01 ,

CIIlI 1OIds.:! f(ff complm tkUlih. T AB ex""",, ~ kxllled throughout the Unued Sialo. From California 10 Maine. W~m&lo!' Florid.. 1lIId all poinls in bcl"" CCCn . we! hue lh .. ., ITII:dicai ex",,"s availabk . ltOiSICAL ASS 'ST ASCI! BUREAU too, ..... oIf...... ," ,.,.~ .. _ , " Y"""''''''', " .. , ..... . ..,."'''' K..... """", '", "'"' •• ' •.

~cent

<i}ecisions

by J oh n M. Milling, Jr. lind David B. By rne. Jr.

Re cent De cis ions of the Alabama Court of Criminal Appe als Fair trial . . . effecti ve a ss is tance of counsel and den ial of Brady Simpson ". Sial., 81h Div. 23 (November 12. 1984). Thede/endant. Delon Simp$l!n, was indicted. tried and con· victed of selling 14.2 grams of mari-

juana in '-;olalioo of Ihe Alabama Uni· form Controlled Subs13nces Act. On appeal, Simpson alleged he was denied

the r\ghl \0 effective assisl3r1Ce of

In focusing Ihe issue. Judge Harris noted the following crilical facts: "A Mfen ... ,uorney who had ",," at the COUrt'$ requesl. to assisl an unknown defendant slriK. o jury lale ~ afternoon. when the Irial was to t..gin lhe ne~t morning. could do lillJ. moo-t lhan requ.-sl a ronlinua""",. Thi$ SO:".".~ lime limi· lalion gave lhe delen ... allO!'ney in· adequate lime ", gather fact •• im..· view Wil~, engage in !'fetri.al dison'try. negotiale 10< a possible pita with lhe 'lale, 0< .-esean;h the applicable law. The ... "'aS pre<;ious ""iew the COUrt little time 10 file and discuss lhe ea ... with lhe <lefendanl. " IUnl~,

""t"

counsel. On OctobeT 31. 1983. Si mpson ap. peart'd before the trial judge without an auorney. lie repeatedly informed (he coor( he could not affGrd to hire an anorney: the trial judge WaS equally adamant in his opinion Simpson was nOl indigent and ordered t hedcfendant

10 stand lriallhat afternoon. TirnOlhy Riley, a young attorney. consented to the trial judge's request he assist Simp$QII in striking ajur), for

his trial. Riley had never met Simpson nor was he fami liar wit h any of the facts of his OIse. After stri king a jury late that afternoon , Simpson'S trial was to commence at 9:00 a,m. the fol· lowing day. T he next morning, Riley advised the court he had agreed to represent the defendant and made a motion for continuance in order to prepare for trial. The trial judge den ied the motion and trial proceeded. The court of criminal apJl'!'lls reversed. holding that the trial judge abused his discretion in not granting the motion for continuance. Judge Harris. writing for the major· ity. held: "[( i.

musl be

lundam~nt al

gi,,,"

1hal COUllott adequate tim~ fO!'

!'feJllOr;ltion." l'11"mp."n D. $/QI<, 444

So.2d 899 (Ala. Cr. App. 1984).

Court of c ri m inal a ppeals adopt s iA!OII

Walker u. Stale. 4th Div. 341 (Oc· tober 23, 1984). T he defendant was convicted for the third degree burglary of a grocery near Cirde. Alabitma. On appeal. he argued th~ affidavit in support of the warrant authorizing the search of his house was insufficient and did not support a finding of probit· ble cause. The search warrant was issued by the Circuit Court of Jackson County. Florida. SpecifiOllly. the de· fendant contended the affidavil was defectiv~ because the informant did not state how he knew the stolen pr0.perty was located in defendant 's resi· dence. Accordingly. he argued the affi· davit did nOI satisfy the "basisd· knowledge" prong of the test established in Aguilar and Spinelli A unanimous COurt of appeals. rely· ing upon the rationale of Illinois v. Gail'S. lroS.Ct.2317(1973)and U~iled Siale. v, Leo". 104 S.c!. 3405 (1984). affirmed theconviction . Whilethecoul1 nOled Ihe informant ne,'er Slated how he knew the stolen property was in defendant's residence. the court held when the search warrant waS executed the stolen propertyobtained was

sti li admitted properly into evidence under the "good faith exception" to the warrant r"'luiremenl of Ihe Fourth Amendment. Under those circum· stances. the exclusionary rule should not be applied soas to bar the use in tlte prtxsecu t ion .s case- in-c h icf C\I idence 00. tained by officers acting in reasonable reliance on a search warrant issued by a del ached and neutral magistrate but ultimately found to be invalid. See Uniled Siale. v. Leon. ~ U.S. _ 104 S.C t. 3405. 3419-W(1984~ J udgc Bowen cited the following crit· iOlI \angulll!" from Leon: "In lhe ordinary case. an oHm cannot be e.pected to queotion lhe magislrate·. pr-obable-cause del ..· minalion or hi. judgment thaI the Io<m of lhe ,,'arran, is technically sufficienl .. . , Penatizing ,he oHm for Ihe magislrale'. errO<. ralher lhan hi, own, cannot logico1ty con· lribule to lhe <lelerrell« of Fourth Anltndm<'f\l violalion$."

Re cent D e ci s ion s of th e S upre m e Court of Al a bama-Civ il

Med ical liabilit y . . . patie nt ·doctor an d patient- hos pital re latiolls hi p Tho"'lJ.sson v. DirIMlln. 18ABR 4\49 (September 28.1984). This case pres' ents the question of whether section 6-5·482. Ala, CfJIi~ 1975. applies to an action broughl againSI a physician bj' a I)erscJn who was not the physician'S palient. The plaintiff. a respiratory ther;lpiSl. contracted hepatitis while treating a patient of lhe defendanU doctor's. Theplaintiff claimed thedoc· tOr negligenlly failed to warn her the patient had hepatitis. and she s ued under section 6-5-482 to take advan· tage of the two-year statute of limit a· tions, The plaintiff contended thaI since section 6-5-482(a) provide-s "all

actions against physicians" must be commenced with in two years, this language is brood enough to include actions by third persons, i.e .. persons who arc nOl patient s. The s upreme court disagreed nOling when the enti re statute is considered. particularly the section defining "med· icalliability," it is clear the legislature was addressing the liability of medical professionals in the context of the paticnH:loctor and patient·hospital relationships . In this case. the plaintiff was not a patient of thedefendant/doctor 's,and suit had tobe brought with;n the one year permit ted by section 6-2· 39. AID. Cede 1975. 1I!Ied icallinb ilit y . .. orthot is t s c ome within scelion 6·5·480 T MSC(1/1)Q5(J (JT/hopedic Applia>Ice Q,.. Inc_v. It}'all.lSABR4248(September 28. 1984). In a case ollirst impression . the s upreme court held although orth· otistsare nO! specifically mentioned in the Alabama Medical Liability Act. section 6-5-480. rI seq .. Ala. Cede 1975. they arc hcalth-care provider> who provide servi<:el as pr=ribed by phy· sicians for their Jl3tients. Therefor-e. the usual rules relating to medical malpractice are applicable. For in· stance. expert medical testimony is usually req ui red to establish what is and what is not proper medi<:al treat· ment and procedure. Orthotics includes the fabrica tion and fill ing of braces and casts s uitable for a patient in keeping with the instructions of the physi· clan.

Appe llate p roce du re .•. a ssessm e n t of a ttorney's fees

McAnllally v. I'£I!CI). f nc.. 18 ABR 3937 (September 14, 1984). Appell ant tim el\' filed a notice of appeal. but did not file a brief. Appellee moved lodismi,s the appeal and requested attor· ney's fees and costs. All hough not specifically mentioned in Rule 38. Ala.· R.App.l' .. the suprem~ court staled there is no reason why attorney's fees s hould not be awarded as "just dam· ages"" when the appellant files a fri,'olous appeal . The s upreme court noted atwrney's fees are probably Ihe most

likely damages from a frivolous appeal other than loss of potential interest on the trial judgment.

Civ il proced u re ••. motion n ot favo r ed

Womm v. Rasco. 18 ABR 4237 (September 28. 1984), In this case. the suo premecourt suttinctly stated the limit · ed circumstances under which a judg· ment on the pleadings is correct _A motion for judgment on the pleadings is designed w provoke a search of the pleadings for the purpose of determining whtther there is an issue of fact presented by the pleadings which require.; the introduction of proof. A ru le l2(c). ARCP motion, therefore. presents t wo quest ions: (1) w h~t h...- t here is any issue of material fact; and (2) if nO issue of material fact is presented by the pleadings. which party is entitled to a judgment. 17 CJS f'IMding. section 425(a). A rule 12(c) motion operates within rat her narrow limitsand should not be unduly extended. It is said frequently the granting of a ru le 12(c) motion is not looked on with favor by thecourts.

Ins ura n ce . . . s ubs tantia l pe r fon n n n c e nec e ssary to c han ge a be n clicia r y Gibson v. Hmdc,."", 18 ABR 4083 (Se ptember 21. 1984 ). Finding nO Ala· bama authorities exactly in point. the supreme court looked tOOlher jurisdic' tions to determine whether an insured employ~ had effected a change of beneficiary by filling out and sign ing a change of beneficiary form before a witness. w;t hout ever mailing Or oth· erwise dehering the form to the em· ployer. The employee died 15 months after executing the form. but there was no e xplanation why he had not mailed or delivered the form to the employer. The executed form was found in his desk and subsequently submilled to the employer. Tht insurance I"llicy provided the employee may change his beneficiary by filing wrillen notice

with 1he employer. and the change would relate back whClher or not the employee is living when the nOlice is recei,·ed. As a matter of law. the trial court found the employe.. had effected a change of beneficiary e,'en though the employee never mailed or delivered the notice . T he supreme court reversed. and followed the majority rule. stating the beneficiary effecti"ely may be changro if the insured ""substantially complies"" with the policy provisions pro"iding for change . The supreme court explained "substant ial compli· an",,"" means the insured determined to change the beneficiary and then did all he reasotlably could to make (he change. Here. the beneficiary did nOi mail Or otherwise deliver the form to the emplo;·er. and there was no e,·i· dence to explain why he failed to do so.

J u ror (IUalific atio n . . . new t rial manda l ed w here j uror railed to r espond to q u es tio n b a sed u ]lOn s tatu tory disqualific at io n ChT)'s/cr Ctrui/ Q,,,,. ". McKinn"y, 18 ARR 4030 (September 21. 1984). On voir dire examination concemingjuror qualifications. the trial judge asked the proo>pect i"e jurors if any of Ihem were unable to read or write. There was no affinnati"e response to this q uestion. Following the trial. counsel found one of the jurors could neither read nor writeand had difficulty hearing. Coun· sel moved for a new trial based upon section 12·16-6O(a) (2) Ala . CoJ~ 1975. which mandates a juror must be able to read. speak. understand and follow instructions given by a judge. The trial court denied the motion. The su preme court reversed, hold · ing a new trial is mandated where a juror serves who has failed to respond to a specific question based upon a swlulorydisqualification. The supreme court distinguished those cases which hold the failure to respond tOQ uestions designed for preemptory challenges do not requirea new t rial unless prejudice is shown. The latter cases do nOt dis· Qualify a juror and render him or her subject to challenge for a cause.

ja,,,,,,,,I",!,;

Tort s •..

Alao:lIlln " owcr ilIa )' have a dUl y to ins tnll automatic circuit brC;lk c r s flo.JIt ~. Alaoo ...al'ot<V'r tA.. 18 ASH 3919 (September 14. [984). [n a ca~ of finl Impre$StOll '" Alabama. the suo JII"~ court .... as asked to consider .... hether a pow~ conlpany has a duty to Ul\e 3 fUl\eor som~ type of automatic circuit breaker .... hen: it is foreseeable IlI'rsons may come in contact .... ith the .... ire. The plaintIffs .... ere injun'<i .... hen a $<:affolding came in contact .... ith a 7.200-volt [ine .... hich crossed a tennis court. The plaintiffs contended lhe power comp;lny had 3 duty to u~ a fuse in the ' .... itch to de-f.nergize the line ""hen the scaffolding madoe con· tact. The ! upmne COUrt agrmI. 513t· ingot her ju riso:! ICtions ru" 'ufcrIgllized a company's duty to em~' a fuse or IOIt1e OIher safety device .... hen il i, foresetable- persons may come into contact wnh an uninsulaled line. There was a t!'Stimon), a fuse would ha"e '"blown" and Ihe line would have been de-eneTgi~, su bst ant iall y rt!ducing I he severilyof the inj urie$.

P""'i"'"

R ecen t D ecisio ns o f the Su p r e m e Court o f

Alaba m a-Cri m inal Ika th case ... im proper a rgument on sent c nce Ex pa rlr RwIlM/fI'. 18A BN 3789(Seplember 7, 198-t). Milchell RUlledge was convictl'<i and sentenced \0 deal h for a robbery .... here Ihe viclim was killed intenlionally. AI trial. the defendant made a motion for mislria[, during the sent~ing phase. d"" 10 lhoe clo5ing argument by the stale. In the argu· ment. the pro!IeCIItor suggested a sen· tenceo( life impri!iOl1menl without pa. role might not prt'o·enltheappelb nl. al some lirt"lr. lrom hl:ina r~ lrom prison. Earlier. the pro!IeCIIlion IIad a~ lhe dd~ndam had committed the charged oI'fense .... hile he .... as on parole. Constquenlly, lhe districl al· tornt')' argued the appellant had been gi ven an opport unit y to change his life and could nOl ~ rehabilitated.

The Irial rourt dtnitd thoe motion lor mis,';.1 and ruled btause lhoedelense counsel had argued "under a [,Ie-wilh· out·parole sentena.. the defendant "'ould ~ locked up foreo,·ft". (the st ate) IIad ,he rigIlltoargue lhal he may not "'" locked up lorever.·· Undaunted. lhe prosecution continued its closing argumenllO the jury by st ating in perti· nent part: ··Lif. without pa~ . Mr. Ilals~ ooloid I·oolh.t 11K>... is no chalICe Ihal IN: would evtr g<1. oot agaIn. I ~ubmll 10 fOO . ladi .. aoo i<1l11emtn. thai you can apply your o,,'n common _ 10 lhat OIate.... nl . llubll'" ,oyou lhal. as Iongas Ibm. a ... pa .... b"",,,II. as long as IIN:rt art Itderli COlIn. in lIN: Stale of Alab,una. Ind u long as lIN: t.g;s. law ... of lIN: Sute of Alabama lIill cam~ ul> l

olSll. tlN:rt il • dla_ thaI thi. dcl"Hldanl willl'Ct OUI. 10110 _ be ml$led lor 1 m,nule . . :.

Thecoun of criminal appeals found Ihe p!"OIStCUling a"ornty', argumenl was proper II a "reply in kind 10 the previous commenl$ of defense coun· sel." The court of criminal appeals concluded Ihe dcfendant "can not com · plain 0( the rtmarks when they were initiated. provoked or occasioned by lhe action 01 his counsel."' The Suo preme Coun 0( Abbama disagreed and reversed and remanded the case lor a new sent~ng hearing. The s upnme(QUn. $peaki~ through Justice Embry. hdd that the "reply in kind" doctrine i, based on fundamen· lal fairneu. W~ counsel for one party pemtiu counsel 1<.Jf" lheOjl!Xl6ing party to make imperm issible remarks to the jury without interposing an 0bjection. Ih~ law implicitly reSCTYes to the former Ihe right to reply in kind. albeit equally imperm;$$i ble 10 the argument of the laller. T he supreme court expressly held that: " 11 1$ a ml$.llppliatuon d. lhlS rur... how~.

10 uphold In illcpl argumenl under lhe lUiR 01 ~r-eply in k.oo~ ...1N:rt .IN: ,nil ial.rJUn'Ienl. 10 ... ho;:h the pJrp;..-ti!!d r-epIy i. ad· dreuod. 11 Iltplly permissible

,.,1 ...

commmt 10 lIN: jUry:'

The court found Ihat the Slale's ar· gu ment ex~ thoe permissible boun. daries in that it was di rect ly contrary to longstanding law.

·· It hal IM& btt:n the IIW of Ihi. slilt I""t com ..... nls upon lhe prot,. ~bil"y« pouibohly of "'hat mi&ht hawn panicular .....t........ f~ll".. 011". the e. ,dun and the II", of IheCl .... ODnOlllute I m _

u""" •

af"IUmen ••~

Ikfective ind ictment ... fo rgcr)' E¥ fXJr/t; lI{Jr/{JII. 18 ABR 3784 (Seplember 7, 1984). Lavon Horton was charged and convicled 01 possessing a forged check. The indictmen t chargro lhoe offenst (§13·A·906) substan tially in thoe terms 01' thoe Slat ute. The ,upreme coun lound Ihe in· dictmenl as framed .... as not sufficient to pro!ect llonon lrom possible-doublejeopoIrdy and lrom being charged again lor possessing the sart"lr unspecified

,""'.

The indictment .... as defecti"e because il did notspeci ly anything about the forged chock wh ich Horton was charged wilh possessing: the indict· menl did nOl sel out the amount. Ihe pa yee, thedrawerof the chock norlhe time or plact when Horton possessed it. [t is especially critical to note trn: court in /{or!oll held thai objections 10 an indictment which is not void may be wai"ed usually by the failure to int~· p(l$e a tirt"lrly demurrer or. ITI(lrl: pr0perly. a mOllon to dismiss.

Sex ual a buse conviction r c\' crscd ...

.)rior conviction ques tion 1II111rolJCr Ex (XIrlt: Miller. 18 ABN 3685 (Au· gu st 3 1. [984). Michael Miller was in· dicled and convicted for violation of § 13-6-66. Ala. Coole [975. sexual abu se in the lirst degrff. Miller was sen· tenced 10 seven yellrs' im prisonment. The S upreme Cou rt of Alabama granted crrtiorari to oonsicler whether the trial court erTed in allo-.'ing the "ale to question a defense winleSS cortre"T\ing the accused's prior oonvic· tion before the delendanl look the stand. In ap..'C1Iriamopinion thecoun held ;t .... as reversible error to allow the st ale 10 commenl on lhoe defendant's prior conviction before he t!'Stified . T he conviction was brought out in Ihe Slale ', Crotls-examinalion of the de-

fendant's

molhe~.

The trial CQUI'I had

O"f!'ITUled the defen~ counsel'. obj«.

lion to the state's question along Wllh h'lln01ion lor mistrial because the deItndant had pled not guilty by I'l'ason ofinsanity, and thedefend;ln,' s mother test iIi«! silt belie"ed "he had a mental problem," The trial coun's theory in overrul, IrlSlthe deftn~ coun~1'5objfction "'as based upon fl'icJ,o/& v, 5/11/', 276 Ala, 209,211. 160 So.2d 6 19, 621 ( 19&l~ In fl'itlwh, thl' supr~ coon held: "Whm!i ..... nIly .. mM'duponua delente.-very iICI of thua:u Kd'l life " 'hkll III"' ..... 0<lItIe light 001 l uo:h 1" 1>0 i, ",Ie,'anl.heret,,"

In this ease, thesupremc COlIn retied uj)Ollthcdecision of l'illtillJ{lo" ~, Sllll~, 46 Ata,App. 716, 248 So.2d 75S (Ala,· Crim.App, 1971 ) in 1'l'\'H'S11Ig thl' trial COUI'I. Specifically. IhI' ltate failed 10 offt'ranye..~ thcdefeno:bnt'sstate of mind was Iht Ill..... Itlhe lime oIthl' /In'/lr to"riclio.. as il ,,'asal the lime of the commission of t he act in quesl ion, Without such t"ideno;e, the prior con· viction is not admissible.

Ven ue ... p roof b y c ircu mstantia l evide n ce

woo _

""'0'

Ex /10 "': SkJ It: fI/A (N,; Jj /,t/I:iJ P. 511lltfl/AIaOOItUJJ 181'.1111: 3973 (September 21. 1984). The defendant wu lound guilty of lirst degree rape and was stnteoced to life imprison' ment. The court of criminal appeal. 1'e,,1!ntd based upon the state's failure to pn:we \'tJlue. T he supreme courl grantedaniorari tooonslo:\er whett1here ...,., sui licient circu rTUltantial t'o;. d~ from ...·hich a jury could inftr proper vtJIue. Theiupreme COlIn, throUJjh J ustice Maddo~. remanded the cast to Ihe' court of criminal appeals in order to allow t hat court to determine il there " '3 5 l ulficien t ci rcumSla n t ial t'o'ir.\enc:e from .... hich a jury could inlt<' thl' par· tiestitherdid not Iea,~ Houston Counly Of' lhe crime " 'as COOlmitted IOclo&tiy 10 lilt county line jurisdiction COlIId be in eilht<' county ulllfer 115·2,7 of Alii.

"Ia)

(»,"I;~ •• uti

1N1•• u.

trAiti .II..,., N..iItd" Pw'J'itJI.II",

Ob,tct_ bawd on do>f''''Se$ .n the mm"", I~,,,e," of the proceod. Ina: or In the chafJlll'. OIhn than lack of subjocl mall ... ju,,",h ction or !ail· u"' to chrac In oil.n ... rna)' be raised 00I1y by P""" ... t nl(ltion mado in 3(:(Xl<d""", w,,~ Temporary Rule I;"'.

16.3."

Rule 16.3 of the Ala.R.Cnm.P. PfO' videsall prc-lrial motions muSI be filed in thl' circuil coun at or liefon' ar· raignmenl unless the coun tluends the time lor fitina soch motions lor good eause. The suprtmecourt held Temporary Rute ]6.4. Ala.II:.Crim.l'. penniued the trial court todeler ruling on the motion where the qllt5tion 01 venue may be one of lacllOentwined with the meritS otl"" ca~ a decision should not be

~ poor to trial but poslponed until the lrial itself. The $uprn1M' O)Un lound proof of venue is necessary to s ustain a oo!l"ic· tion but "etllH:'could bc"tabh s~ by ~ircumstantial ('\.·idel1Ol', HQ\\'C'I't<'. thaI propoSition is limited by , he rute which $Iates a conviction based on circum· Itantial evidence will be upheld only il lhe evidence is 50 strong and 1000IItJI1 i\ e5tabhshts t]w, defendant's guilt /0 II moml ctrllli1/ty. (Emphasis ours.) Finally. in TC'o'tning. Ju St>Cf: Mad·

dox ~ntically notes: "In a cnminal <:as<'. P<Oof oi

"ttl""

illufficient if it con be rnloQl'lab\y infcrrtd

1»'

t~t

jury from

t~e

facti

and c.rcum""""", adduqd. Ven ... n«d no< be establish«! IDidy by d" 1'«1 "'~. E,'lIIf1n from .... ~ic:~

;t .. inf.."bIo iu ufrocitnt."

Ever~boo~ 'Yants To Be CreatIve.

Ii:!llll creative leasing

C6tk 1975. Temporary Rule 16,2. Ala.RCrim.P .. provides in pertinent part as IDilows:

•

}-..." I ....,

AIJABAMA CODE OF ALABAMA

ALABAMA REAL ESTAn: H ANDBOOK, FOURn-J

24 hardbound and 2 softbound (Index) ~olumes. with 1984 cumula1ive pocket-pa rt supplement$

ALA BAMA CRIMI NAL CODE By publisW, staff, 1984 .... ppx. 700 ragft, softbound. A'pl<iCed annually .... _.. """ ••••......... 5]7.50"

EDITION By Roben L. McCurley and I'enn)' A. Davis.

"g,

63J pag""', hardbound ..................... 555.00ALABAMA RULES ANNOTATED

By publisMrs suft 1984 IOSO pages, !IOflbouJ\d, replaced

~nnuaUy

$27.50'

...................... 517.50"

THE

JAMES R. SHROYER. P.O. BOX 717 • PELHAM, ALABAMA 35124 • (205) 326-9899 O R CA LL TO LL-FREE 1-800-446-3410. · p1U5 shipping.. handling and sall,o, tax where applkabk-

TAKE A

LUXURY RESORT to the

WESTERN CARIBBEAN Next Spring

'I'lleJudlctaJ CowloU or the llt.h Judicial C1rCU1~ lnVlt.eaapp11Mt.lon fi'om QI\Y qualillad p(lIWn for a.ppotntment "" ~ tun.ume UniUld 9t&!88 &nl<ruptcy Judge for !.he Nortl;ern D1etr1ct. 1oIl<l<Ue O!Artc!;&l\dSoutnern D1SI.Mctof A1a1>&IIla. Ifan "ppl1can~ wtshoo to btl OQnBld(II'!ld for one or more of t!>e proepecU""

"""""""ee.,"

8epar&!oO

appllcat.1on IS no!. """"""'" I>u~ .. lett&- making 8Ul)h foct(a) known

wUl be wtr1clent. The baSic jw1SdlcUon of the United _ BBnkrupt<:y Judge 18 Bpec1fled In TItle 11 U.8.C- To boll qualltlod tor "!>po1nt.mflnt. ,m &ppllCMl~ must< I. Il& a member In good stalIdlng orthe b&r of t.htI hlgh8st. DOW'!. of at 1-. one 8I&te Or t.hB DI8trtct ofColwnbl&;

2. H ....... b&8n ~ In tJ'teactlve practloe aflaw for .. perlodof .... ' ......t nVli years (wlt.h oome subatlt.utlOna authorized), 3. Be oompet.en~ to perform a.Il the dutlell or t.he omc.., pOeaea/I. and lIave .. "'PUt&tIon (or. Integrl\V and good character: PO"""S9. and haVl! demon· Stra.Wd. a.oomrnl ~men~ toequaJ.justIce under the law; be of oound menW and pl>,y81cal he&lth; pOeaea/I.Mld have demonst.ra.!.«l,out.e1AndlI"J<! lGS!Il abtl!\V and oompet.ence; 1nd1cIi.t.e by !.hell" de""""",r. charai::t.er ~nd Del' oonall!,y t.hs.t tI\ey .... ouId exhlb!tJudlclal t.empe!"!LIMllt If appoint8(\; 4. Not be I'Ollat«l by blood or marr\a;!e t.o a.Judge of!.he uruted States Court. of Appea.la for t.he 11t.h Cll"cul~ or of the U nlted DIBt.Mct Court for the Nort.harn 0Ist.rtct. M!<ldlo 0Istl1Ct or Southern DllltMc:t. of AIaba.rna wit.hin the <legl"$$S 8peC1I\ed In Sect10n 458 of T!Ue 28. u.s. Code 8.1. t.lIlI Ume of InItlal a.ppOln~nt..

sw.e..

, I II

",. '. 10, th., <:",;1>1>",,,,

• r.. ",,~ c. lI, rl. ,~ D"IC,,,,,.. ,,. '1.-,;,," (;''''' ,..!. ." " .... \hd"'" R.,; I.m......

Appllca.tIOn fol'tM can be ob\8.lned fI'om the clerks of the United I!t&tes DIBU1c:t. Court.fort.he Nort.hern~. Jd!(Idle Dlsu-!ctor Southern Dlstr!ctof Al&ba.ma or fI'om the Clrcul~ ""!IOUtI ve In A!.la.nta. FurtJ"\er lnform8.l.!on on t.he bankrupt.cy Judge JlOII!tlOIlll m&y be obt.Illned rtom Norman !';. Zoller. cll"cult exooutl"". u.s. CourtofAppea.lsfor the II t.h C1rcu!t.Room340,56 FoI"8yt.h~ N W.• AUa.nta, Georgia 30300. t.elephoM ( 404 ) 221·5724. Appl1ca.tIOna m\lSl. be ma.de only by appUcant.! personally. The .. ppU""tton 1ruIica.tM the peraon·s w1l1lngnOSll to ""n>e If ""l(lCl«l and must be reoelved 8.1. the clreul~eX!lOUttve·8 om"" In AUanta not laW t.h&n Ja.n1.l/l.ry 21. 1985.

{; .. KV '0 ..... (;"",<1 {:.,."",,,

• S.;);". D,,,·o ,\,KH

I ~.

I!I'<,\ ,,,",,

T."" .. , Fl. • h ... ~;. • F..., t"",," 11J95,,,. ,... '''"' • C;I,

c .... m,,"',~ .' ..0';/,1.1.

• SJK~'''' C"OU,' II .. "

A mag1B!.raI.II wUI be a. ppolnted in !.he Nort.hem DiIIt.rIct of Ala.be.ma to .... pl...,. an Incumben~ who haa _\gned. The b&a!cJurI8dl~on of!.he uruted St.&tM Msg1ot.mte 18 spec1f1ed 1.n 28 U.s.c. §836. To be qual1f1ed for appointment an "ppUcant must: 1. Be" member 1.n good etandlng oft.he h!gh.es~OOUI1. of .. "tat.(! for 8.1.1_

n",,:.-m:

2. H& "" been entailed In the actJ"" p!"8Cl.1oe of 1",. (or" per10d o( aUea.et nve

J Uilium TIl,WE l. (;1\ U IS E CEN n :1\ '!3 N,

s.~~ ", SI"~1

b;,l. 1.... AI. ~.';."l2

In AL,b",na e,,11 (20.'i)

1 .soo~I68-S I IiP

!~w..:noo

3. Be oompet.ent to perform all the dutlea of the o!Dce; be of good mom.! ch&nlcter: be emotiOnally stallle and ma.I.Ure; be COmmltted to aquaJ justice under the law; be In good he&lt.h; be p&t.lBntand oourtoous: and be capable of dellbetaUon and doclal""JlII89;

5. Not be Nlat«l to eJudge of the <II8I.r1ct oourt. A Merit BelootJon Panel compooed of 8.I.tOMWJ'S and oU>er members of !.he commUnl\V wUl l"\W18W all appuca.nt.e and NOOlI'ItJ"Wlnd to t.he Jud;!es of the <II8I.r1ct court In oont\dence the n"" persollll whom It MnaiOOra beet quoJifkod.

TMOOUf't..ut make !.he.PJXIlnl<D8nt., fellowlntan PIll and 1M In~On ct !.he .ppelm• . An.mrrnau.ve dert will bo !l:II.d8 to «Ive_ conaIde...uon toall qualtned UleIudlng ..emen and membel'8 of mlnarIt.y ~ TM B&IaJy d the poelUon LR _100 por &!IlIum. ApplJca/.lon ronMand!'llrt.herlnfortnaUoncn!.he ma(\8U"aIe posIUon~bo

oandl_.

~n-om:

Jam. E. V&nolegMtI.

CierI<. United tMuos

Co.lrt

AppllOWO!18 mum. bo submitted cnJ.y by potenua.l !IOTI\lneE POI'8OMlly and mll8t bo reoelvecl no lat.er t.ha.n Jl'ebruary 15, 1956.

......

E!I'oottve November 119. 1964. Dl.Rd.pUnary Rule 9- 102 ct the COdoo ct Prot..... IIlCnal Re!IponslbUIUctu... Alaboma St&t.e Bu h&8~n amended. byerOorctt.ho IllpNme Courtd Alabama. Ie . - as follows,

_.1... ....... "'.01 ..... _ .. _" . hcu..

( Al All fUnds deltenr.s paid to .l&wyerer I&w tIrm._r t.ha.n~ fer coRa and UJ)ena.. ahalI bo d8pM!ted In cne er me"" ldent.lfl&ble b&nk ~ o.cccunte ,nalm.lned In u... """"" In whloh the law c1IlcelA si'''.'''(1 and no fUnds belonging to U\e I.wyer or I... firm BlI&I.I bo dftpo8lted U\e""1n ucopt as follows.

oh&I'CeS ~ be depos1!.e<1

"""~ (2) I"Und8 belonging In p&rt Ie • ollent and In p&rt p.-.ontlJt or pot(!n. !.IalIy Ie U\e lawyar or la.w Ilrm mun be depo&1!.e<1 U\e""1n. bur. the

portion beiOnglng'oUleI."Y"rorla... fIrm ~bewltJ>cIr&..-n when

clue unl_ me r\gb .efUleI&"Y"ror lawflrm Ie receive It LR dlI!p\l:!.e<I by the client., In.h ch event the d!IIp\WId portion Ih.IJ.I not. bo W"IL.h. drt,..-n unw Ule <%IBj>ut.e 18 !!n.IJ1y 1"IIIIOIve4.

( 8 ) AI&"Y"rmoJ.L

( I l PromP'IY noW)' • clIem. of me reoeIpUI ct !WI I\IndII, 8eCUMtIeII er oULRr proport1e&. ( 2 ) IclenWY and label -.urLtle8 and prop"rt1ee of. client promP'IY upon reoelpt. and pl&Oe !.hem In. We deposIt bo:r. Or OL.her pi""" ct oar... 1t.eepLn( All

lOOn as p,......LcabJe.

(3) lIalnwn oompl_l"OOOl"ds ct all 1'UndII. 8eCUMuea and omer propef' u ea ef • ollent OOmLng Into U\e pos?"",lOn olU\e lawyar and ....!>der o.pprcpl"lal.e o.cccunta to h1B client ~ them.

( 4 ) Not mlMpprcpl"lal.e t.ho 1'UndII 01 hl8 client. elL.her by Wl\Jl4 prcmP'IY Ie p:r.,y over money ooI1ectad by lltm for !WI client er by apprcprlallnS Ie hUJ 111m . - tunds,nLr"Uated Ie hUJ keePLnt!. ( e I NQI. make IIl8I>w"sementctaClUlnt·.1'UndII from bank tnIIItaoooun... oollWn1r\8 the fUnds ct"",,,,,!.han cne client unl_ !lie client·, n...ndII ..... ooll_tunda.Prcv!ded.~.UlaI.ll .. lawyarhaa • .......,n· aIlte and pr\ICJellt belkr1'UlaI. a<Jepomt ctan ~t ~ &l.or L.hJ"oo.lCb .. bank rep,-..UnjI UIe client·. fIu"IdII will be 00IJecW:I promptly. tb8n u... 1&..,..,. """,. U hUJ 111m rIAIr.. dJaIlw-.e unooll«Md client·. _ If ~n 00ee n~ occur. U>om t.ho 1a"J'l"l' 1Ih&lI. as lOOn .. pl'8CUcal. but In no IIMInt more t.ha.n tIve (e) working da,y1I - . notice of non-oollecl.lon.. ""pi""" IIUOh !\mal to UIe bank tI"\IIIt

mUll. """~..... ~ nrr-.fd by Doeamber 31 a( It.. ~ina: J'fiI' . (Fonntr Kqula11Oll5.2 is __ !!qu.

buon 5.3.) A lisl of approvtd sponson f(ll" I!ISs will be pu blished in Ihe Ma rch 'sslleof Ihis journal.

Nel"\hem DLRtrI<:$ ct AIal>ama 104 r -.... Courtl>ou8e 1600 Pttt.h Avenue Nert.ll BI.rml!\8h&m. AIal>ama 35200

( I ) Fund.o .......onably su1I'Ic1ent to ~ bank

CLE (1'",.. /'«II 2J)

(C) F\mo:1s reoeIved dI.tecUy or Ind1rectI.1 under an o.ppl'Cved OredJtO&r<l plan M\&lt be ~ to all ot!lle I'!IqU1remomla ct L.hllI dl8ClpllJWy rule.

MCLE no w in 'ifl .... " Sia ies Kenlucky and VcrlllOl1t h."e become lhe fOUrteenlh and fifteent h sta t~ 10 adopI mi nimum conti nuing education rrqlliremtnu lor the conlin ued com· petence of Illtir bars. KenILICky·. rules ...·ent inlO eff~1 July I, 1984,and caU fora minimu m of IS hours of awovtd instruction JII'1'" year. Unlike Ala bama. Kenlucky does 001 rouli nely IIntnl an exemption 10 a ttOl"M)'S wllo ha,·e re;ochtd a certain 3!1'e. Attorney. 70 yea r$ of age or older may rteeive a n uem pt ion if it is demo onSlraltd metlinll lhe req uirement wou ld work a n undue hards hip on Ihem. Al so in CQntraSt 10 Alabama . KenLUcky requires an a\lorney wllo enters priva le praclice a fter claiming an u em ption 10 ceflif\· allenliance of IS houra 01 approvtd conlinui ng tdu· c<uion for taCh )'Hr an Utmption was claimtd , up loa maximum of 75 hours. Vermont". rules 110 into eflfCI JII\Y I . 1985. and rrquire'lIo<neylto eam ZO crtdiu every IWoyears. AllraSt IWooi lhe ZO hours mllSI be devottd 10 t he study of lega l ethics. With adoption in IheR IWO slales, lhe number of Southern Siaies with a mandalory CL E requ irement has in· crea sed 10 fou r: Al abam • . Georgia. Sou th Carolina and Ke nlucky. The Mississippi Bar has vOItd in favor of ~uch a requirement a nd is .",·ait ing t he decision of the s tale·s Su preme Court. Add ilionaUy. the~pt is undH(])n· sir\er;tl ion by the peming boards of lhe bars of Florida. Teltil5, Arunsas. louisiana and West Virginia. As has beoome lheir ctLSlom. admin· ist ntlors from the IS mandalory C l£ s tates will m«t in f ebruary . Alabama allorneys may IUggell items for dis· cu ss;on by wr iling 10 Ihe Mel.£ Commilillion, 1'.0 . Bo~ 671. Montgom· ery. Alabama, 36101. 0

Opinions of the General Counsel Willian. II. MOfTOW, J r.

QUEST ION: "Whe n the anume )' for the plain tif' and the altorney fo r the dde nd anl ('ae h ought 10 be ca lle d a s II ..·it nc .... on bc half 01 h is client and none of Ihe e~«, p · lions of DR 5· I OI(B) (I ) th rough (4) II I' I. ly. do Ih e reasons for Ihe rul e .... h ich I, rc\"cnl$ an Allome ), fro m IIPIK!uring in Ihe d UH I role s of ..... lln c .... und ad· voca te C(," !Ie 10 apply o r m",,' bot h lIu oTn"ya wi lh . draw Irorn Ihe tria l of the ca se? "

AN SWER: Since neilh~r 1M Ethical Considerations nor the Disci· plinary Rules of the Code of Professional Responsibility mauany exceplions 10 the prohibitions against an attorney acting in t!!ednal roles of witness and advoc;Il('t-'fll though 1M allorrot)' lor the plaintiff and the attorney lor the defendant engage in such dual roles, and sira cenain cithe reasons for the roles apply e'\'.,n in this "doublt neg3.li,'c'· sit uation i\ wou ld be impr<)per for attorneys representing adv~ partie; to act as both witnesses and advocates.

his dtdtion ,. 10 he JO,·tmtd by the .arne biI.ic oon.idt:aliOlll. It il not ootecliONbIe lor a law· yer ,,·110 is • poIenl iaL wil ntII lobe In -'vocale if il "unltl<dy lhal he will be called ••• wil'bo;ause hi. t..unlOlly ""QUid he ......,Iy cu· mulat'.f. or II his tesunlOlly eNlt only 10 an uncontes,t<! i$$\Ie. In the e~ptionlol 'il ...· lion wlltre it will be manifestly unfair 10 Ir.t ditnt for the lawyor to reluwemploy"",nl or 10 willldnow ",11m he ,,·m hl<dy he a wilntllon. conllOllt<! illlle. he may _ I I -""OCIlu....m lhouch he "",y he a wil""'. In moki ... _ " deciliOfl , he . hookl deltrmlne lilt 1Itf3OIIII1 aofinaocoal ucnr~ oIlht dittol lhat moy re$ull fn)m hi. refuillil oIem~oymenl or withd .. wal I herefrom, I he maltrial il y at hi. leslimony. and Ihttfftcll ........ ol his ~Ial;g" in vjev,·at hi. peqonol ,nvoh-emm\. tn ",·flChillll lbelt facton. it should he dear 1....1 refusal or ,,·nh· dno ...·.1 ..·111 iml"* an UnrtlllOl\lible .... rd ...i' upon tilt- ciitnl btf(U the lawyer 1!Xe!'l' or oonton ..... tilt- ~mpkryment. W""re tilt ~uestion ar'SH. doubt. shwld be ouot.t<! in fa • .,.. at the lawYft" tfttifyilllland .,.inlt his btcomina or CUltonu,"I lS.n -'vocat~ ~

,,·m

DISCUSSION; Although t~ ~n~"·er to Ih,sqUot$lion apptaMlIO be lairly obvious. the olfioe 01 t he GeMral Counsel and the I>iscipli·

nary Commission has

~,·cd

one formal ... nlltn 'equest

for opinion and one inlormalteiepl!one inquiry cooceming the same and I~ answer and t~ rationale s upporting it should be 01. interest to allomt")'l generally. Ethical ConsidmotiQn f>.9 pn:rI.ides; ··Occl1ionally a la ... ytr i. called upon to elK"'" in a portlCtllarcalol' whether ~ will bo!a wilntSl or an advocat~. If a IIw~" is both COlIn...! and (1) he """""'" """" ruily impeach· .~ for ,n!net and th .. "",y bo!a .... df«1"" W1t-. COlwnvly. (2) the _ , ' ' ' COIInicl mlY hehandicappod indoll~"l! lhecrtdlbil· ity of the lawjw when lhe IIwyer also appears • • an advocale in lhe case. An ad,·ocate wllo becomes. wilnes. (3) i. in lhe uns«mly alld IneffKllve position at a ..... 'rlC hiS 0"<1·0 credlbll· IIY. T"he n:oIesat an ad~«.,,, •• ndof ...·,11....... ,i'lOlIWsttnt; the funellon of an "",·ocate is '" adv.roce or argue the ("IIU'" of a_htr ...·hilt that at. ,,·,tntSl i. to .Iatt fact. objocti,,,ly.·· (numbo! .. and pa .. nt~ addtd)

,,·,u_.

Ethical Consideration 5· 10 provides:

,\1_

··f'tobltlll, inciclml 10 lhe 1a..,..,..... rda· I;""sh" at dlfferefll $1.-: lhey rdate ~Ihcr 10 whelhtr I lawyff .hookl ac:a:pt ...... pIoyrnenl or shwkl wilhd ..... from employ· "",nt . Regardl ... 01 when lhe ~m arises.

am.-

Disciplinary Rule SoIOI(B) provides;

.• A lawj·tr I han not ""'"pt employmenl in coo· I~m ~a led or pt:nd ing Ii I ip I Jon i I he k nowl or il is obvIOUS lhat heor a II"")",, in hi. firm oughl 10 he called as a wi"...... tootpl tha' loot may ur'lder1ake thtemploy ...... l.nd he or a 110..,..,.. In h;, firm .....y teslify: (1) If lilt lestimony ,.·ill relalt solely 10 an unoonttslt<! maUer.

(2) II the ItSlinlOllY ,,·iIl eNI~ lOidy 10 I "",ntr of fao-molily and I~;S "" rtI""" 10 btl ....... lhal ... bOlanl;'1 ",..tmo. ..·ill booffcrtd In O\IIIO&IliOII 10 tilt leolimony. (3) If the Iftlimony will rtlate IOIely 10 lhe n"lurt and .alue 0I1tga1 IC",iets rendered in lhe ""'''' by lhe lawytr"" hi S firm 10 ,he diwl. (4) A. loany malin". il refuul ,,·ould ....,..k I .... botanl;.] hardship on I'" d ....1 because of t he dIU 'nell '·e VII ... of I he lawyer or h;" lirm I f COIInll:l in lhe I"rt""'I ••

""'st:·

Disciplinary Rule 5·1fJ2(A) provides; '·11. alIt!" undenalr.i"t employmenl In contem· platt<! or pt:nd IllIIiIlil;Pt;"" •• lawyff Iw"n. or'l i. oln"""lhat hoe ao- ala""Yft" in hi. fmn oughl to be ("IIlled at • WI">eM on behalf of hll dient, he w;lhd ... w Irom t""rondUCI 01 lhe troal. and hi. firm. if any. shall not continue fe!l""lCn ·

_""II

)0 ..." 1!IIli

t.toon in the trial. uc~ tha, he may mnUn~ the ~.tion.and heor .....')'ttln h" firm ...,y te&lll y in ,he """'.... 'anca tnummotod in Ilil S, I01 18X1 1 tllmuDl l~~ "

Thf, EthlC;lll Considerations set fonh certain 0( thf, 1't'3. SOlIS for the rules ""hich pro/'Iibit altOl'TleyS from acti", in Ihf, dual roles of ...·il nesses and ad,'OCalts. In Formal Opin· I0I'l :lJ9 (1975) lh~ AmenG'ln Bar Associalion Commlll<le on Ethics and Professional RtsponsibililY observed: " ' :,h",.1 Consider.llionlS,9and S.IO m.ktdear Ihal tilt pr"ICi",,1 ethical objtction. 10 a I.... · ~ '. ltalifring for hi. di"m a. to mnl ..11Jd i... un ... Ihat tilt cli<nl', calli' wm, 10 Ihll nl~nl. bo IftWfIlf'" through 1..limony 0( an """iously Inl.,.nl..! witness who i. IUbject 10 ;mpnch.... nt .., thaI atalUnl: and t""ltho ad· ',r.11O il. in <"If"",. pul in lhe unseemly poIit;'" 0( Ifl[IJIIII h " OWn cm:Iibilit y or Ihat 0( I .. wyct in h,. Ii....... In IOInO.Uuat ...... the practice may alto hllOIdic.p IlP\XI6Ir'lI oounsd In chall,.,.C'" thecm:llbilit,o( the ...... ~...;,..... -

Perhaps one 01 I he besl statements concerning the 1't'3. sons for the rule that generally Jll'f'Cludts an attorney from aclingal ix>th wilness and advocate is found in Ihe caseof 1>0014 •. Smith, 14 Cal. App. 3rd, 56 (1981). ,,'herein thf, coon 5Iml.,j: "llecauSoe 0( hi. proIessional and O(ficiJl role, hil l,,'orn ICStlmony ,,'Wid Lay .i!tnt claim loa qtltonod dtKruofcm:libility. He woolel thnat upon hi. OpjOOI",nt a Iticky <IDee bet,,'ftf! yi· [IOI'OUI CfOMoftaminat"'" of his professional ~ • ..! .bdct;'" 0( hisown professional re$pOI'I6ibiluy. Mter(rOS$~mma"on the";t · _ ",,,,,lei doff his ha, IS ",·"nrss. poe. up II;' hal .. IdVOOlI~ • ..! SU..! bef_ the jury .n ... mmat ...... ~Iynthel"changeol hats ..""Id hardly .nlC1'TUp!. I~ no.,. 01 imprcs_ Ind ,no nu.""... tn1.natlI'C from hIm H I unnal)' human brin,. In hll role IS adVilCllO ~ woold asoun: I ho juron of h.. own VC1'3cit y ao "'it ness. In Ju~t~ 10 hi. ch~nl. ho could do no 1nI. iii. OppOI>enl would ,hen bt: driven to attack his Cfflliblilly as a "'ilnes.. In iustia to hi. dkm . Ille oppo:onem tOO could do no less." Numerous reasons ha"e bten advanced over and above those set fonh in Ihf, Code ci Professional RespOnsibility supporting lhe prohibition agilinsl an attorney teslifying and acting asan advocate. While the!auomey who Ieltifoes in beh;llf ci his clienl ...·iII 001. in fact, alter his 16timony to suit hisdient', intert$ts. 1\ is feored lilatthepublic ...wld be led to believe lhal he will do so. Prdf'SllOl' Wigmcn thotlalll Ihil protection ci lhe profession's i.... "Ihf, I1lO5l poltnt a nd mon common reason jud icially adyanced" in support dlhe rule. ",i~. E.iderta. 59&591(3rd Edi-

lion 1949). Ethiatl Consideration 7-24 in part I'rcl'.ides: "Tile e.preuion by I I"wy... of hi. [ItI'SOIII1 O\lInlOl'l al to tile juStne<lo 01. caus<. I . to the

cm:Ilbility 01. "'I(ness. as to I~ culpe.bolity of I ci vIlllligan,. or 's 10 1he i\I ilt or .n...:ance of an a.cc.....:I .. not • [l<IJI)C< ... bjea lor arwu ......1 to the lnor 01 fact. It ;. improper II to factual mallns btaust ..trruuitole t. ic\tIlCIt riM"eo:! by • La"'}'n should bo ptftfIMed ..,Iy .. sworn leSIi""",y. It IS ,mproper II to.D OIher manns btaUst .....,..., the ru~OI ho1v.''''' t he "Itnce 01. 1aW)"e' on a I"'m ootUoon oould bo ....... trued unfu.,.ably to hi' dimt."

Canon IS of the old Canons ci l'rofessional Ethics ollhf, American Bar Association in part JlI'OYidro: .. It is im~r for. lawyer to.HC1'I in 1'lfU' mtnt his I'ft'OOIIlII bollef in hll dient', inoo:tnce or in the juotice 01 hil Q,ust."

Commenting upon Canon ISoIlhtold Canons ci Professional Ethics of tho: American B.ar Associalion ~ wriler

made the fol)oo.l.·ing obsen'alion: -It

th .. :l$ptCt 0( tho d..unct"", btt"'wn,n

ach.'OCIIO Ind """lneII thaI -.01110 me to be cmtrallO the rult 1orbocId,.. a Ia... ~ 10 play both mk. II ...·.1_ voudw:o for thelNth 01 hi, 5Ial..... n.., It "wid ...,kt no _ .. lO"'Y 0( • ... ilness, as did Clnon 150(. lawyer, Ihat it is ' im~r' foc him 'to allltrt hi, l"'f$OI'Ial be1i<1, .. : Thewilne51 is.x!X'<t..! to I.QC1'\ flCl ""Iy Ihat which ho ""r3Onllly knol'l1l and bel~.. to be $0, and tho force 01 his t""timony Sle .... I""" his pononal qual,l'" 01 cm:Iibility and inl<&ril,. A'lfUmtnt.~. is objective. The Ilrerwth 0( the La ... ,.,.', ....... mtnt dori,... from thooforceo( III 1ft..... and not from the pononjIl qUIIlin.. 0( the La .. ~ who ...,i<cs lho a ............. Wi>t1hor tho Ia...yn 1"'1'_Ur bdiovs in h" ditnt'U ::IIuto illI'Trit:vant to the evalual;'" 01 h............" .... ("--"of. &r F""..."titHo R-. .... Jqwrrtflll9n: 45.5)

jlC1'lUa"""

Some aourts iIa,~ felt that the application of Disciplinary Rule 5-102 is mandatory and lhe parlies cannot lIIai"" lhe erfKI of the same. MacArlhr~. Bod of Nt'" York, 524 F.

Supp.I2C6(I98I). The Elhia Comminee of the Maryland State Bar in an opinion issued in 1977 held Ihat where il was ob"ious that the attorney for the plainliff and theanomey for Ihe defend· ant both would be required 10 ttslily in behalf of lheir clienls an alleged oral agreemenl belween the parties. both all~'S must withdraw from the represenlation in t he miner ber::>use none ci the ouptions ci DR 5-102

~ing

applied. All hough 5OII1f of I hf, I't'3IClr15 for I hf, uisterft ol DR 5-102 may not exist in the question 1IOKd. othen continue 10 be f','idem. T he trial would redlJCle ilself to a .""eari ng contest be",'fJen t"'·o attorneys ea.;:h vouchi nil f~ his own credi bilit y and anacking the credibility of his opponenl. Thi s 1T«lacl~ would bring into play at least one reason ad,'anced in support 0( the rule since lhe im~ of the bar would nOl be C1'1hanced thereby in the! eyts ollhe jury. OIher tritTof facl or the public. 0

Suspe ns ion • Mobilf lawyer J oonA. c-rtneywol!l~l,Ispended from t~ pnctice of II,,· lor a prriod of sixty days. rif.-cti'·f AUgllSt 22. 1984. based upon the Oisciplinary Boart!"s finding Ihat he had violated DR 1·102 (A)(2)and DR 1·102 (A)( ( ) of the Code of Professional Res pon sibil· it y of Iht Alabama State Bar by having requested a Mobile police officer to ask his wife. who was employed ;n a Mobile physician's offICI!. to 5l,1rrc-pltllously s«urt from the physician's office a ropyof a CfftamOOrument rtlating 10 t~ tTNtment of one of the ph}"Sician's patients. • Birmingham lawyer Bert Li n dbergh was sus· pended from thepracticeotlaw in theilattot Alabama for a prriod of 30 days. effective November l. 1984. based upon an order of the Oisciplinary Bo;onl.

• Dothan lawyer Daniel E. R ubi,;on was sus· pended from 1he pracliceof law in I~ $tateof Alabam;l. effecti"e October 30. 19801. based upon an order of 1M Oisciplinary Board.

Surre nde r of Li cense • Attorney W illiam S. Mooney ha m. until recentlyot Montgomery. and now of \\'etumpka. has sur· renokred his licen!le 10 pnctice law in Alabama. and the Supreme Court of Alabama. pursuant to thesuTTn!drr of license. has cancelled and annulled Mr. Mooney· ham's license and privilege to practice law in the courts of Alabama, e/fccl;"e Octob:r 29. 196-1.

Re in s tal eme nt • Ja m ie lI e n a gan Mc Dowe ll, a MOftigomeT)·law· ytr. was suspended from the practice of law in the state of Alabama. effective October 30. 1984. based upon II decision by the Disciplinary Board.

• Debora h Farri ngton Coe Sa w ye r of MontgQmery was reinStated to the practiceof law in the stateof Alabama.effKti,·" September 30, 1984. by an act of the Oisciplinary Board,

B&W INTERNATIONAL, INC. CO NFIDENTIAL IN VESTIGATIONS

510 I«>fITH 21eT eTR~E'T BlA "'tNGIV.M, ALAlIA"'''" J6203

An ALA BAMA fl,m te<Vlng ALABAMA'. L'1Ial Professional. with a lull fange 01 IlWfltigalive H<Vic:" and llefVi<:e 01 proc:eM. We jlfOYide th' be" 01 $tKYIce at reaSOnilble fates.

(205) 323 -7 562 I 328-6355 I 9 56·7 103

In Memoriam S"...."ly. S<hnm"',l)o)f","",k & SmUll: In l\UJ th., firm BIefJIo.<I "" h Ikn".,... flulT. McKllm)' Ind fonnon. AI .he- 10.... 01 h .. dt•• h. Mr Tho;Jmas ...... Mind ......... JIll ......... In Ito. firm oI'Il>umIo •• Tabal....... F«man.llurr& Mum)'.

Mr. Thomas " ... " ""'n,,,,,," uti"" Fir ..

flaW" Church 01 l!"nllnlCl'~n' . ,lie Bir· ""ngh.m C.... nlr1 (iUD." Il".l """,><Ief11 oI.hr N.<I.'...... Club" .,.., prt'Soirn, '" Ihr Ilorm'ngham hcha,,# Club. fornw.r cklo"", .... uf lllt ....rd oIl~ YMCA and paS! prn>d<nl oIllI<-lIorml"llham ~~fQ\lOIII,n Board oIIIo"",or.<. 11" ,,-a~ In cunf1ft:l"", ,",'Ilh many char' I'Obl<- and educalion.1 Qlu .... and org;Im' MI ""'" h'''''~h I h<' y..... f1',Kkro"~ many """"O:('IIlu hi. cumm"n;ly and "'a'~. Tho: bo,. hIS I.>w firm. h,. (henl ' and aU 01 h'1 f~ •• u ""he< lor ham'lj[ k"""'n Mr, Thu",a. Ihrwgh I~)Wo'" Ih. __ '''' Ito".... a n em,," y pbo:., in I .... """n. and m,nd, oI,h<R ,",'hu a I~ 1""",,_ II< ,,'U of ,~ -old .rnooI" and I 1Itrl"'" JI'l"fI. ,leman al all limn. Ite h.ld a """" ,,,,ni<' 01 humor and .......r ....art)' lauKh. Mr. Th<Mna.. i, .u,,';,','<1 by a broIhe<.

"'(nhI"""

;1(""',,

A. J. Thomas '\IM!"'" JoIm.,oo TIIon",. 01 11"",Ing' h>md ..'IIonJul, 11. lYt!-i 1I.·"·.....,gluy~x. ~I,. Thuma . ..... oo.n In lIorm,n(!ham. Alabama. s."...."btr 1. 1&!7. lit all...-.i<d ~b""" ~"lolar} l""UlUI~ Ind 1'Un,·td an A II. d<!Ir«, from 1M Un"· ..... ty 01 Rid> ""-"'<I. V''l!'nla. In 19M: In l.L_II. (,""' lIMe ITn" " '>I'l of Alabam" In 19"& ,nd an l.UI. I,,,,,, 'oIumb,a Ilni,~r.i'l· ,,' 1!I'l"2. 11,-" as ~ pasll)l'<'SKk-n' 01 tIMe H,nningh.m II;" ASS0<'\3"o",.• """,,!):rut ,he Ala"""", 11;1, A~I"'" and. F~II"", ,n ,1Me A.....n· ""n (ulk-&<'oIT nall..o",'y.n. from 19231<> 1913 ......-as a 1'>......... ,n lilt firm cI

"'"*

T.A. Johnston, III Thoma. Alexande, juh""nn. Ill, ditdnn N",','mt." 10, 19ti-1, ai' ht> "J(i: of 6!j, lie ..... ,n 1110, publ", ""huobi 01 Mobile

«l"''',,....

and rK11,..... I". l.L8. .s.g.-....,n 1m from ,"" L' nll'n>-ily ol Al.>ba .... ,",lint ~ ..."". mnnbe.-of Pi K.ppo MI, and MI, 1M,. MI,

I"'tonll..,.. In I\(IS .... """'111<....,...;l I .... practltt 01' la .. ' '" ~1"b,1e and wnllnllt-d I<liw and .1><.'('<.,..lul I.w)..... umil h" d.'.,h, A. on """·,;'",,n eim"n. ho: ~ lho: unu.",,1

'.In

00", , .... l:lIh bororw.~ of

.\ Ia'''''' II. Thoma,; of ~n An,oo"" Texa.;

d""I'IC1M'"

an ........ M, ... t ury W,Ikt1'llOll Thu ... Cumm,"IJ. L;".xg,a; allt1>h<.... ,IoIIn Ila.....· "'n. \\';lml1'e',"". Norlh CINhna; and ,......",1""'..... _

Cnk",b<n Abo.'ftI..-m.h"". SolIL.>nd. ThIS h,.,_ hll< ..'"" m ....... 'c<! from h" Soot· 10$1\ forbta ... 'raCI"l!: bock 1626, II" .... hS!od ,n " 'h••• Whu ,n A"","", and '"'•• paS! jln'SlIII-nt oll"" _\lobil" 110, A"""",,,· 1l<1l'i, Ik- """"'" .. c.;"",'lncr Com",,,,.., <h''''nan """'" )'ea ... Ihan any (OIhcr "..,"'bo,.,r ,he Mobile Il:lr ,1__ ,""", oc_ <ou~ ho: bi'lio.','e<! ,ho: IlUI>LIf "'a.~nl"l<'<Ilo t~ h'K",,"1 qu..>h,) of..,..., itt fmm ,""10.'1131 prof...."'" .nd boc:Iu,., ~ 1Il'I<d Ia.. )...... Tom JDhnslon ",'I' an .poru.... n pan..,. .. .-1y ~~""Il hunt'''l!:.nd f;"'",.t!. "" ......'«1 a'l"""idenl and iongt ,.... 1n<'nIbtrol' lho- Mob.... CWnl) W,klhf•• nd C""-

I ', . . . . I • • - ~

Mill", 11&6 Died: AapM 31. 1\184

....,,0. . MnQtt-I 11151

B ..... - Hoover DiecI; Aug\qt 28. 1\184

I ....... 'J'Inn" Alex.......... HI - Mobile Adlllitled: 1938 Died:HoYember 10.1984 9t, ...... ,.... B.... m -Cullman ,Ideitted 1_ Died: Odober 25. 11184

....--

Died: N_ber 6, 1984

.,'Ki

..,,.,... "'" A<....oa''''''. II . "-""00 .. ,.,.... "'aruen and man)' )"-""" a. '."'ym>. of T,inlty EIII..,.....1 C~u"'h. II. "a •• ",,-,m·

btr 01 til<- II'illM!' 11.11 floord and ,"" S,. Andrcw', Soodyollhe ~hd_lh and ..-.. a Mason .nd a """"brr of mlny dul)" and ml" 0: ................ Ik- .....,,·,,'«I 11)' hI> , .... I"' ....... I...""" c.;a,ll.>rd llu Il0::0 •• and Ihl'« cII,\d",n, Ikim Ihi 1\01. ~ll:Cm of L.k<, Cahl... n,.; [...,.1,,, S .... ldon

",I",

W"",

1("'nll'" ,. SI'"",,h F.....I' .,wl Till." .. A,

)ohn.!!"" I V. of Mobtk.

~lassified ~otices books for .... Ie

FOR SA!.E: Complete Sou lhen; 2nd Re(448 vclumes) $6.900. Corpus Ju ris Stru ndum (l ndtx • WI vcl .) $1 .045. Prov· ing Medical DiagnO$is and P~i5 (all e!ev.n volumes) 5195. Mooern Legal Forms (. 11lhirl",n ,·oIum..)$I95. In AI.· bamHall 534-1443 or 5J6..0911. pori ....

We~t"" WORDS ,\ ND I' ll RASES. Updated through 1975.l!ooks.~ in ex· cellmt rondition. Will sell lor SSOO. C""· tact Wendel l R. Morg;>n at P.O. Box 1900C. Montgomery. Alabama 36197. Phon. 263-6441.

EXAMI NATION OF Q UESTIONE D Docu~nts. lIandwriting. typewriting. and ~l", ed txamination .. Internationally court qualifl«\ .xpen witness. Diploma ... American Board of F""'mit: Document E"a miners. Member. American Socie1y of Questioned Document Examiners. tM In· .. mat ional Association for Identification. the Brit ish I'"",nsit: Science Socitty and the Nat"",.1 Association of Criminal ~ fense Lawyers. Retiffll Ch;"f Document Examin..... USA C1LaoontoOes. Hans May.... Gid""'. 2lS Merrymont Dri,· •. Au· gu Sta. G...,.-gia 30907. (4()4) 86()..1t67. lAMAR MIU. ER . E"a minerofQues· tionetl Documtl1ts. Qualified in most Ala· bo rn. Courts. American Soc;"ty of Questioned Document Examin,,". American Academy of Forensic Scieno=. ce-rtirletl by America n Board of Forensic Document Exami.....-s. lIandwriting. forgery. typewriting. alteration of medical and other reoords. Miscellaneous document autl\{,n· tication problems. P.O. Box 2ZSO. Au· bu rn. Alabam. 36831 ·2250. (205)

"""'"

STRUCTURAL ENGINEE R/ Consul· ,.ntlF. ilur. AnalystIF."per\ Witness. Ph.D. in applied ml'Chanics. Alabama ~ gisttred profe$Oional wgi ........ Experience in oodes & sta ndards. l'I"oouct liability. ar.:! failu~ analysis of ir.:!ustrial "luipment and structUrt$. conltn>c1ion. mao ri .... pipeli..... r.:! l'I"e5Sur. ,·essels. Na· tion.lllm.rn",ion"1 a per;'nce. Dr. 5omuel1. B"",,·n. P.E .. QED Corp .. P.O. l!ox 1215. Crooby. Texa.175J2 (713)

"""".

LEG,\ !. R ESE,\ RCII 11 ELI' . Altor""y with se,·en years experience in legal research/ writ ing. Acctss to Univ..... ity of Alabama and Cumberland libraries. West· law sea rches .,·.ilable. Prompt deadli... servloc. $35Ihour. Sarah Kathryn Far· ""It. 1905 WOQdla"" Pl=. Birmingham. Alabama 35216. Phone 205I979-36tS. miscellaneoy s 1985 CLE CRUISE/Conferences on Legal ·Medical Issues - Caribbean. Me,i· can. l!a"'·aiian. Alaskan. M""itemtne.tn. 7·14 days in winter. 5l'1"ing. Summer. Dis· tinguished professors. FLY ROUNDTRIP FREE ON CA RI BBEAN . MEXICAN & AlASKAN CRUISES. Excell.nt group fares on fi .... t .hj~. Registration limit"". Pre-scheduled in compliance with present IRS requirements. Information: Intema· tional Conf.~"""". 189 Lodge Ave .. lI un· tington Station. N~w York 11746. (516)

THE ALABAM A LA WYER CLASSlflEDS All req uests for classified ad placement must be submitted typewri tten and are s ubj~t to approval. Alabama State Ba r members are not charged for class ified notices up to two tn· sert ions per calendar year. e x· cept for ··position wanted ·· or "position offered ·· lis tings. Which are at the r~1!Ular rate. :-': onmffilber ad'·ertisers mU,l pay in advance and ... ill reo ceive a ~omplimcntary ropy of Thr Alu/!",I!O fAu ,}"l"r in which their ad,·t1"tiscment is publi shed . Add itional copies ar~ 53.00 plus postage .

RATES: .\ !embers: No charge Nonmembe." , $:6 per in:;.:·rt ion of fifty (SO) words or less 5.SO jX"r addittonal word

DEADLINES: Classified ropy and payment must be rreei,·ed no later than the fi rst day of the month prior to publication date. with no txcepttons.

MAILI NG:

NE ED TO LlQlJ iOATE an estat. ' Client oeed immediate c•• h? We ",·iII pur· cha.. lor immedi"te cash or sell for you on consignment Quality jewelry and w · \c(;tible$. Our .xperts will be .,·ailablc to consult with you on valuM and the best method of Ii<;uidation. Levy·. J..... lry &: Loan. 2116 2r.:! North. Bir· mingham . Alabama 35203. (205) 251-3381. Serving Alabama since 1921.

A,·..,.,,,,,

Send classified ad,·ertising ropy and your check. made out to "rh, ,Haw",,, w wyrr. to: 1\ lahama Lawy~r Cla ssified s c/o ~largaret Dubberley

P.O. Box 4156 .\ fomgomcr;·. At 36101

",,,;ilion.oIfered T,\ .' \ I..A \\' YE I'I. 1"'·0 )'m"

prd"...bl~

wilh

O!*

e:tp.ne""" in II<"""n'I , ... ror·

pOrIlt Ind estal. plann"'l! ImI .. LLM . In Tna''''''. c.P.A. or 0I1ttr heavy lax baclqvoond required. Sabry commmsu · rale ",·"h ..cptnerIO' .nd acad.tmoc ..... IItnl;"ls. Reply to King. Ballow &. Lilllt. 241h Fkor. First Amtriran e ... ,.... N•• h· villt. T..,_ 37'l3II.. Allml""': J. Allm I!eynoldJ Ill.

.:MI' LOYEE BESEFITS l1 ...")'C"I". prd. .... bly wllh "",,"IWO~" '""~ in .m~ee

ho-nefil olIi R1SA·re\aIe<i are •••

SAVE 30-60%

• • • • • •

USED LAW BOOKS • WeSt .

La wy .... COOl> • Harrison

• ~gencIef . Cabghan e ~

WE BUY - SEU - TRADE

Law Book Eschangc I' . O. 1l.. ,,, 17073 h c k "Olll" illc, 1'1. 322 16 1-800':125·60 12

Richard Wilson & Associates Registered Professional Court Repo rters 132 Adams Avenue M onlgomery. Alab.ilma 361()4

264-6433

Sal1ry ""'mmiurlIC~ ..,cll ."ptnerIO' and~ic~I;"I .. Repl y lo l(i ng. Ballow & Ulllt. 24lh Flour. FiTlI ,1m"";· nn Cml .... Nalh.,IIt. T..,ncssee J12JII. A""rIC""': larry D. Cnbt_. EXI" \N I) I~G N ATIONA L wI\\' Ii"" ...."nlS maNl[lng PInner ,,~pel tt".ed In h11gll1'oon for""" oW.... In Strmtngruo.m and Mobol~. ~ capilol rtquorl.'d for ~x · ciling o;opporlun"~. All .-..pI..,. ronfidtn. lOaI. Send reiunw' to P.O. Box I~IXJ.I.

S~IA I..l..

IlI Il Ml :o>G II ,\ M Ii"" lpeeI''''· In corpo","~. I«UrlI0e5. la. and geTltra1 business prac:la il ..... king an 11Ior~ ... uh one 10 livt ~ars IU1gll1"", and! or IfCUrities ~xpmmce. Sirong acad.tmoc ~ and ... nllng ""Illy rtqUlnd. Send !tiler and ...... "'" 10 Rll(h;' &. RfdlkcJ. 312 North 23rd St~. Birmingham. ALo· boma 35203. lnqul net will "" keV' in~

wnfickmi.1.

u.-n,..,.. Calondo 1!O21 4.

LEGALCOUNSt:LQN. The Untied Slales Sport. Aradem~ - AII\tf"ICJ;·$.;oI· logo: of ,pori ".;.""" - .... k. qu.1Wed oorpontl. allornt~ wilh " xper;"""" In tdu· rnloonal.n'·lron mmC. T"", acadtmy is a r.>podly tXPlndilll!. accredlled ¥J'*dua .. ........ 'ns"~u~e. h. mlSSlOll is 10 wo-" thr na,'oon and ,he ..."Orid with '1Wlll1y proaram. in Inslruct ""'. "'"'"'"~ and,..,. .... rch. The a.cademy and II Xluboid,.rit:s now are opt'rlling i n up",·ard. rI. 40 no· tions. ])ir«t incff3oCI'oon .... "h 11m..... ma.........lmjUI "" oeII·lltartfl" chan<Icnud by malun, y. mr communa· lions okill" and Inl MinImum rI. li,.t ~ .. ~.ptrio nc:eas gmtr;'tl ooun",,1 rtquired ... i,h prOI·"n profession.1 abilily tollnl wilh in~uranc:e and lax Cl'ifS. tat"pOI"Il~ a nd labor IIlw '"l.teI. OJnlr;lOCU.lffirmat, ' ... act"",. mll .... at~ and 0I1ttr pIw.eI 01 Ill .... IndivodWlI .... IKtfd may ItId! gradu... b·t! OOUTSes . ...,.. .. ..,Ilnrnl estal" lranIlKI"",. and a.llruSlee Ior properly and/or in· VH,,,...,,I .. T horough k ......·1t-dge 01 appli. able "alt. Itdtr"al and local Ill ... dfsir· .bIt. advanad dogrco prd~. !':-"em benefit.....btry nteatoatoL.. For ronfodnt· 1;"lron~idorItl'oon . send ~~ .... I.ry rtqul,......,nll. d.to of ..·.il''''''Iy and lhrft !tll... of rO'roI"II"",ndl'''''' 10: !)irK· lor of lI«Tuumenl. /\>on. I",,". 1'.0. 80. &166. Dfpt. 36511 • Mobilt. Al1t.ma

''''1"".

J6I:;(J8.. (Aoers -

Tho Uni"""';,y 01 ALobo ..... Sd-.aoI 01 t.w Oinic.ool Program

WANT ED: One Iitl of u$td Akoba"", /)WnI- ~ cood""", only - Uponled II rKmlly as poIIiblr. P.O. Box.Q9. Ruosellvillt. AIa!.ma 35653. or call Chris fbrg.e1111332-o1896.

'00.0,,_

$I> b$idiary of

USSA)

EOElAA

ALABAMA LAWYERS RESEARCH SERVICE

...anled

MiJ«ln. Edmon ~kK inley and I auended the A1filiateOut reaeh Metting in Van· OOU'-I.'r. Brilisll Columbia. during tile lautr p;an <J October and gained ,·alu· able insighl into various project s being UI ilized throughout the United States. T ile next mftling <J this Wilt IlIm be held In Detroit In Febroary 1985. As you can see, tile Young l..a .... )'tI"I' ~tion of the Alabama Slalt Sil r is moving al a rapid pace for this year. Again. ou r eflorts are designed 10 as· sist your jX"QI"ession. you young lalllY· rrs and tile public. If any of. you young la ~'ers ...·ould like to panicip:ne. please fed free tOCOl1tact me. 0

SMITH-ALSOBROOK & ASSOC.

EXPERT WITNESS SERVICES

-1,_ ......... ,eccnrItUC\Ion .1lN 0>f\0UItWIg

lEGAL MEMOIV.Nl)A CONrrot:NT1AIJ.Y PRD'AKU) AT II[A5(XIIAfII.[ RAT1.:s BY SfllC11l) LAW !ffiJD£.Nf'S IN)[lI ATIOR.....U SlJP[RVI5ION. .nIWnhA.........

Too<>Ioor.o. AL »101

'~I.l<H«W

.-"'"'~""

-co................ ""

-~ Ii"iCI ~..wy.

.... , ___ •

C'-

BOtI8Y D. SMmt. B.S.• J.D., P_ ' P.O. Bo. 30M

0pe\11<.o. AL 368111

(2O!i) 74~'Ml

et cetera et cetera et cetera et cetera et cetera et cetera et cetera et cetera et cetera et cetera et cetera et cetera et cetera et cetera et cetera et cetera et cetera et cetera

The opinion of the General Counsel published in the July 1984 issue of The Alobomo Lawyer has been lU~pended for a period to and including December 31. 1984.

New admittees 10 the bar who are interested in purchasing the gTOUP picture or family pictures taken on the steps of the supreme coo n building following the October admissions ceremony may do so by contacting Scottl'hotographic Services. P.O. Box 1361, Mootgo. mery, AL36I02. Phone 262-876L

Ha\'e you moved recently? If the answer to that Question is yes. double<heck that you have submitted a change of address to the Alabama State Bar. If your address is not changed, you will not receive your Alabama l.il wytror other important mailings from the bar asso. ciation, Send your change of address to The Alabama State Bar, 1'.0. Box 671. Montgomery, AL 36101.

News nash! TIlt Alabama l.ilwyer needs you to keep us informed of news in "your neck of the woods." Plcasesend interesting news to The Alabama Lawyer. 1'.0. Box 4156, Montgomery, AL 36101. Phone (toll路 free) 1路8OQ.392,5660. or 269路1515 in Montgomery.

c=( i

UNnm COMP'UIIES FINAHCW. COIt:PORATlON

REALLY GOOD NEWS Here's a lender making 20 year loans wi th FIXED Interest rates. Not .... ariable. FIXED FOR 20YEARS. Commercial - Investmenlloans, first mortgages,

Properties: Office buildings, shopping centers, light Industrial. New construction, rehab. properties, Of existing buildings.

United Companies Is a one-billioo doliar, financial company listed on AMU

Phone: (205) 979-0367

Andrew T. Graybar, CCIM Suite 1OS-A 100 Century Park South Birmingham. AL 35226

LEGAL PRINTING T Legal and Finan cial Printers Since 1910 Experienced, Dependable, Responsible, Confidential

Prospectuses, Proxy Statements, Official Statements, Tender Offers, Indentures and Briefs

BIRMINGHAM PUBLISHING COMPANY

130 South 19th Street Birmingham, Alabama 35233 Telephone: 205/251-5113 Contact: Harold Fulton, Vice President

. ! -

\LAB ,\\IA

DIGEST :Sl<l TO PATE

---_._.- ---.

WJI~

FED ERAL PRACTICE DIGEST 2d

emus mls

!:(l\~l

................

,., ,. I lcn

Word \eA ~DO NM[ Nr

A-E

" AFFRAY

..,

llttu .• _

I) . .,,,;,,, . .

!" d. x

••-

u s c

•"

," ,

0 0

-"" ~

..,

-" 0 0

~ ... _

WEST

C.J.S.

You wili1ind Alabama Siale law and federal law easily with these W esl publications. They work together to give you fast, reliable Bccess to the opin ions and law you need. T hey sort II all ouU

Contaci your Wasr (flpr9sent8t1ve for morolnformalion: MICHAEL D. GOODSON P.O. Bex 17334 Moolgomery. AL 36117 Phone: 2O~/83cf - 7872

L . JAMES HANK INS P .O. Box 36386 Birmingham, AL 35236

PhOn,: 2051320-6240

COMPANY o ,~w,,' ~Co

""Con

•• 0.1,., U (OLEMAN

POllOI( 2069 MON r GaME~ Y

36197

Non.PmfilOrganlzation U.s. POSTAGE

P.O P&rmi! No. 125

Montgom&oy, AL 36104