USING Online Bible Study TOOLS (Part one

11. To clarify how fair use applies to the work of educators, these guidelines specify precise examples of fair use, such as the “ten percent rule,” and the “forty-five-day rule.” 12. Legal scholar Kenneth Crews states that the copyright documents created by the negotiated agreements give them “the appearance of positive law.” 13. Crews asserts that the copyright rules within the documents are illusory and have had a seriously damaging effect. 14. Crews believes that the copyright guides interfere with an actual understanding of the law and weaken confidence in the law as created by Congress and the courts. 15. The Code of Best Practices for Fair Use in Media Literacy Education names five principles about acceptable practices for the fair use of copyrighted materials. 16. This code of best practices for copyright use originated from ten meetings with more than 150 members of leading educational associations and other educators across the United

States. 17. Copyright law enables the owner to control access to the work he or she created and imposes strong penalties for infringement of owners’ rights. 18. Copyright law includes the doctrine of fair use, which exempts all uses of copyright material from the owners' control. 19. Part of the Copyright Act of 1976 states that people have a right to use copyrighted materials freely without payment or permission, for purposes such as “criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research.” 20. “Fair use” gives people a right to use copyrighted material when the cost to the copyright holder is less than the social benefit of the use of the copyrighted work. 21. Individuals should assess the specific context and situation of the use of a copyrighted work to see if “fair use” applies. 22. The expression “fixed copyright rules” is inappropriate since “fair use” requires that people use reasoning and judgment. 23. Courts recognize that educators and students use copyrighted materials for scholarship, teaching, and learning. 24. In recent years, courts have ruled that when a user of copyrighted materials adds value to or repurposes materials for a use different from the original intent, it will be considered

“fair use.” 25. “Fair use” embraces the modifying of existing media content, placing it in new context.

Study Questions

Directions: Read Copyright and Fair Use by Stanford University (https://fairuse.stanford.edu/overview/faqs/copyright-protection/ #when_can_i_use_a_work_without_the_author8217s_permission) .

Are the following statements (A) CORRECT or (B) INCORRECT? 1. As a rule, it is wise to work under the assumption that copyright or trademark laws protect works unless conclusive information says otherwise. 2. A work is in the public domain simply because it appears on the Internet. 3. Usually, a work is in the public domain if it lacks a copyright notice. 4. One can distribute or copy clip art, shareware, freeware, or materials labeled “royaltyfree” or “copyright-free” without authorization. 5. Read the terms and conditions in any “Click to Accept” agreements or “Read Me” files going with such materials to be certain that your intended use complies to the statements. 6. Click to Accept” agreements and “Click-Wrap” agreements are the same. 7. Removal of infringing material is also an element of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), a 1998 law showing that an Internet Service Provider (ISP) can avoid liability by following certain rules, including speedy removal of infringing material. 8. If someone complains about an unauthorized use of copyrighted materials, investigate the claim quickly and seek evidence of copyright ownership and validity from the complaining person. 9. The webmaster can verify the facts through copyright research. 10. The webmaster will investigate the transfer of any infringing material, if any, to and from the site.

Study Questions:

Read Creative Commons (https://creativecommons.org/2017/01/16/public-domain-5-things-notcovered-copyright/). Are the following statements (A) CORRECT or (B) INCORRECT? 1. To receive copyright, a work must be “fixed in a tangible medium of expression.” 2. A “tangible medium of expression” means that that one has reduced a work to a concrete form. 3. A “derivative work” is a copyright term for a work of authorship that is based upon another original work of authorship. 4. The author of a “derivative work” cannot claim ownership of the whole work, only to the part he or she created. 5. Copyright protection for an original work of authorship does not extend to any idea, procedure, process, system, method of operation, concept, principle, or discovery.

6. Copyright does not protect works consisting entirely of information that is commonly known and having no original authorship. 7. Copyright protection is not available for any work by the United States Government. 8. Domain names have a utilitarian (useful) function and are not copyright protected. 9. A work in the public domain is not eligible to claim a copyright. 10. Domain status means that there are no legal restrictions on copying, publishing, or making derivative works because of human copyright law. 11. With a public domain Bible, one may freely copy, publish, distribute, print, adapt, make derivative works of the content. 12. One may quote from the Bible in the public domain as much as he or she wants. 13. One does not need permission to use works in the public domain because there is no copyright owner with an exclusive legal right to control these uses. 14. A person may not claim a copyright on a song or poem. 15. If a person converts a public domain text to another format, he or she may not claim a copyright on the public domain text for himself. 16. “Copyfraud” is a form of stealing intellectual property rights from the public. 17. A public domain work stays in the public domain even if someone prints and sells it. 18. Anyone may claim a copyright on his/her own creative works. 19. Twentieth century Bibles are not in the public domain or are available online. 20. Copyrighted materials belong to the owner of the property to help prevent intellectual property theft.

Assignment: Complete at the two practice quizzes on copyright rules and fair use listed below. Post your results on the discussion board.  Michigan State University (https://mclellan.law.msu.edu/quizzes/copyright-quiz)  Proprofs.com (https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=copyright-fair-usequiz)

A Closing Thought:

“Any fool can know. The point is to understand.” ― Albert Einstein

LESSON FIVE

EXPLORING ONLINE BIBLE STUDY TOOLS

Lesson Overview:

Serious study of the Hebrew Scriptures involves gaining insight from scholarly Bible study tools. Bible study tools are resources that can aid people in reading, understanding, and studying the Bible. There are distinct types of Bible study tools available online, including study Bibles, commentaries, Bible dictionaries, lexicons, Bible encyclopedias, and concordances. In short, Bible study tools can help supply important academic and historical context, find translation differences between versions, find the true meaning of a passage, and aid readers in applying the lessons to their own experiences in life. This lesson gives students the opportunity to engage in using online Bible study tools.

Key Concepts: commentaries: exegetical, expository, expositional, cultural, devotional, archetypal, theologians, Old and New Testaments, exegetical, expositional, devotional, and cultural commentaries, Bible dictionaries, lexicons, Bible encyclopedias, and concordances

Objectives

Students will:

 use online resources to access, examine, research, discuss, assimilate, and critique information.  distinguish between available Bible resources useful for enhancing biblical literacy.  use Bible study tools to enhance writing and research skills.  participate in class discussions.  edit writing to correct errors.

Expected Learning Outcomes:

At the end of this lesson students will be able to:

 distinguish between various online Bible study tools.  use proper study tools to enhance learning.

Duration: 2-3 hours

Materials:

 Website: For All Things (19 Websites for Reading and Searching the Bible) (https://forallthings.bible/19-websites-for-reading-and-searching-the-bible/  Website: 5 of the Best Free Bible Study Tools (https://freedailybiblestudy.com/5-of-thebest-free-bible-study-tools/)

 Website: Think about Such Things.com (https://thinkaboutsuchthings.com/bible-studytools-online/)  Video: Bible Commentaries: What They Are and How to Use Them (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6U67Xvf-T9Y)  Blue Letter Bible (https://www.blueletterbible.org/study.cfm)  A computer with internet access/editing capability  Internet access/e-mail/computer editing ability  Notebook/paper/pen

Assignment one

Directions:  Explain at least ten (10) features of online Bible study tools  Post key findings to the discussion board.  Label the post: Ten (10) Features of Online Bible Study Tools. (Note: You may use more credible online resources to respond to the assignment.)

Assignment two.

Study Questions:

Directions: Use websites such as BibleStudyTools.com and Blue Letter Bible.org to answer the study questions below. Write key points in your notebook.

Based on your study of online Bible study tools, are the following statements (A) CORRECT or (B) INCORRECT? 1. With the software at Bible Study Tools.com, users can search the Hebrew Bible, track daily reading plans, and share scripture via copy/paste or links. 2. The site Bible Study Tools has resources from the public domain. 3. When a work is in the public domain, it usually has copyright privileges. 4. All Bible commentaries have copyrighted materials. 5. The website Bible Study Tools.com (https://www.biblestudytools.com/) has dictionaries, encyclopedias, and encyclopedias. 6. Old and New Testament lexicons at https://www.studylight.org/lexicons/eng/greek.html have classic sermons of scholars and preachers from the past. 7. A Bible concordance is an alphabetical listing of words and phrases found in the Bible and shows where the terms occur throughout all books of Scripture. 8. An interlinear Bible on the website at https://www.biblestudytools.com/interlinear-bible/ connects to the Greek and Hebrew texts through Strong’s Concordance. 9. The Strong's Exhaustive Concordance is the most complete, easy-to-use, and understandable concordance for studying the original languages of the Bible.