Lesson Four: Using Online Bible Study Tools (Part One

LESSON FOUR USING ONLINE BIBLE STUDY TOOLS (PART ONE) (COPYRIGHT & THE PUBLIC DOMAIN RULES)

Lesson Overview:

Copyright law affects the way we gather, share, create and use the intellectual property that is so readily available in our culture. This lesson focuses on copyright and fair use in relation to materials from mass media, popular culture, and digital media. The lesson helps educators and students understand the legal and ethical uses of copyrighted materials protected under the doctrine of fair use.

Key Concepts:

copyright, fair use, copyfraud, public domain

Lesson Objectives:

Students will:

 use online resources to access and interpret information.  understand terminology and rules related to copyrighted and public domain materials.  learn about how copyright law protects both the rights of owners and the rights of users to promote creativity for the good of society.  learn about Section 107 of the Copyright Act and see how fair use applies to teaching and learning.  understand that ideas about copyright are in transition because of changes in communication technologies.

Expected Learning Outcomes:

At the end of this lesson, students will be able to:  demonstrate a knowledge of terminology related to the public domain and copyright rules.  decide when and how to use copyrighted materials as part of their creative works.

 apply the concepts of copyright laws and fair use to the practices of teaching and learning.

Materials:

To complete the lesson, students will need:

 Copyright and Fair Use Lesson Plans by Renee Hobbs, Sandra Braman and Katie

Donnelly (https://mediaeducationlab.com/copyright-and-fair-use-lesson-plans-highschool-college-and-graduate-education)  Copyright and Fair Use (https://fairuse.stanford.edu/overview/public-domain/welcome/)  Creative Commons (https://creativecommons.org/2017/01/16/public-domain-5-thingsnot-covered-copyright/)  WIPO Intellectual Property (https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/wipo_pub_450_2020.pdf)  Internet access/e-mail/computer editing ability  Notebook/paper/pen/dictionary

Procedure:

 Read the assigned articles and respond to the study questions.  Respond to the reflections and post your work on the discussion board. (Edit your writing to correct errors.)  If you have questions or need further clarification on any assignment, e-mail me at wilmaforeman@yahoo.com or visit my website: AIBL.INFO to sign up for the online course. (Read Copyright and Fair Use Lesson Plans by Renee Hobbs, Sandra Braman and Katie Donnelly (https://mediaeducationlab.com/copyright-and-fair-use-lesson-plans-high-schoolcollege-and-graduate-education). Are the following statements (A) CORRECT or (B) INCORRECT? 1. The word, “copyright,” relates to the rights of owners to control access to their intellectual property. 2. The U.S. Constitution says that the purpose of copyright is to promote the spread of knowledge and innovation. 3. The intellectual property rights provision of the Constitution exists because the Founders believed that encouraging the development of innovative ideas and information serves society. 4. Today’s copyright and fair use rules have increased confusion and anxiety among educators. 5. The term “intellectual property” refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions; literary and artistic works; designs; and symbols, names and images used in commerce. 6. To protect the value of their intellectual property, owners have lobbied for changes in copyright law. 7. In general, educators have incomplete knowledge about copyright law and the doctrine of fair use. 8. Lack of knowledge about copyright rules has a negative effect on the quality of teaching and learning. 9. Copyright guides can limit the spread of innovative instructional practices and perpetuate misunderstandings about copyright.

10. The Agreement on Guidelines for Classroom Copying in Not-for-Profit Educational

Institutions, the Fair Use Guidelines for Educational Multimedia, and the Guidelines for the Educational Use of Music resulted from negotiated agreements between lawyers standing for media companies and lawyers standing for educational groups. 11. To clarify how fair use applies to the work of educators, these guidelines specify precise examples of fair use, such as the “ten percent rule,” and the “forty-five-day rule.” 12. Legal scholar Kenneth Crews states that the copyright documents created by the negotiated agreements give them “the appearance of positive law.” 13. Crews asserts that the copyright rules within the documents are illusory and have had a seriously damaging effect. 14. Crews believes that the copyright guides interfere with an actual understanding of the law and weaken confidence in the law as created by Congress and the courts. 15. The Code of Best Practices for Fair Use in Media Literacy Education names five principles about acceptable practices for the fair use of copyrighted materials. 16. This code of best practices for copyright use originated from ten meetings with more than 150 members of leading educational associations and other educators across the United

States. 17. Copyright law enables the owner to control access to the work he or she created and imposes strong penalties for infringement of owners’ rights. 18. Copyright law includes the doctrine of fair use, which exempts all uses of copyright material from the owners' control. 19. Part of the Copyright Act of 1976 states that people have a right to use copyrighted materials freely without payment or permission, for purposes such as “criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research.” 20. “Fair use” gives people a right to use copyrighted material when the cost to the copyright holder is less than the social benefit of the use of the copyrighted work. 21. Individuals should assess the specific context and situation of the use of a copyrighted work to see if “fair use” applies. 22. The expression “fixed copyright rules” is inappropriate since “fair use” requires that people use reasoning and judgment. 23. Courts recognize that educators and students use copyrighted materials for scholarship, teaching, and learning. 24. In recent years, courts have ruled that when a user of copyrighted materials adds value to or repurposes materials for a use different from the original intent, it will be considered

“fair use.” 25. “Fair use” embraces the modifying of existing media content, placing it in new context.

Study Questions

Directions: Read Copyright and Fair Use by Stanford University

(https://fairuse.stanford.edu/overview/faqs/copyright-protection/ #when_can_i_use_a_work_without_the_author8217s_permission) .

Are the following statements (A) CORRECT or (B) INCORRECT? 1. As a rule, it is wise to work under the assumption that copyright or trademark laws protect works unless conclusive information says otherwise. 2. A work is in the public domain simply because it appears on the Internet. 3. Usually, a work is in the public domain if it lacks a copyright notice. 4. One can distribute or copy clip art, shareware, freeware, or materials labeled “royaltyfree” or “copyright-free” without authorization. 5. Read the terms and conditions in any “Click to Accept” agreements or “Read Me” files going with such materials to be certain that your intended use complies to the statements. 6. “Click to Accept” agreements and “Click-Wrap” agreements are the same in meaning. 7. Removal of infringing material is also an element of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), a 1998 law showing that an Internet Service Provider (ISP) can avoid liability by following certain rules, including speedy removal of infringing material. 8. If someone complains about an unauthorized use of copyrighted materials, one should investigate the claim quickly and seek evidence of copyright ownership and validity from the complaining person. 9. The webmaster can verify the facts through copyright research. 10. The webmaster will investigate the transfer of any infringing material, if any, to and from the site.

Study Questions:

Read Creative Commons (https://creativecommons.org/2017/01/16/public-domain-5-things-notcovered-copyright/). Are the following statements (A) CORRECT or (B) INCORRECT? 1. To receive copyright, a work must be “fixed in a tangible medium of expression.” 2. A “tangible medium of expression” means that that one has reduced a work to a concrete form. 3. A “derivative work” is a copyright term for a work of authorship that is based upon another original work of authorship. 4. The author of a “derivative work” cannot claim ownership of the whole work, only to the part he or she created. 5. Copyright protection for an original work of authorship does not extend to any idea, procedure, process, system, method of operation, concept, principle, or discovery. 6. Copyright does not protect works consisting entirely of information that is commonly known and having no original authorship. 7. Copyright protection is not available for any work by the United States Government. 8. Domain names have a utilitarian (useful) function and are not copyright protected. 9. A work in the public domain is not eligible to claim a copyright. 10. Domain status means that there are no legal restrictions on copying, publishing, or making derivative works because of human copyright law.

11. With a public domain Bible, one may freely copy, publish, distribute, print, adapt, make derivative works of the content. 12. One may quote from the Bible in the public domain as much as he or she wants. 13. One does not need permission to use works in the public domain because there is no copyright owner with an exclusive legal right to control these uses. 14. A person may not claim a copyright on a song or poem. 15. If a person converts a public domain text to another format, he or she may not claim a copyright on the public domain text for himself. 16. “Copyfraud” is a form of stealing intellectual property rights from the public. 17. A public domain work stays in the public domain even if someone prints and sells it. 18. Anyone may claim a copyright on his/her own creative works. 19. Twentieth century Bibles are not in the public domain or are available online. 20. Copyrighted materials belong to the owner of the property to help prevent intellectual property theft.

Assignment: Complete the two practice quizzes on copyright rules and fair use listed below. Copy and paste your results on the discussion board. (Include your name.)  Michigan State University (https://mclellan.law.msu.edu/quizzes/copyright-quiz)  Proprofs.com (https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=copyright-fair-usequiz)

A Closing Thought:

“Any fool can know. The point is to understand.” ― Albert Einstein