Atherosclerosis is the gradual hardening and onstriction of your arteries induced by cholesterol deposits lining the artery. It can jeopardise blood flow by clogging your arteries. It's also known as arteriosclerosis or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. It is the most common cause of heart attacks, strokes, and peripheral vascular disease, all of which are referred to as a cardiovascular disease.
Causes of Atherosclerosis: Diabetes
Obesity
Inflammation
Smoking
High blood pressure
Symptoms of atherosclerosis may depend on the artery that is blocked or narrowed. These symptoms include: •
Shortness of breath
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Pain in the upper body
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Severe headache
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Paralysis
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Pain in legs
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Numbness
Once you have a blockage, it is usually permanent. Plaques, on the other hand, can be slowed or stopped with medicine and lifestyle adjustments. With vigorous treatment, they could even shrink slightly. Ø
Lifestyle changes: This includes eating a nutritious diet, exercising, and not smoking. These adjustments will not remove blockages, but they have been shown to reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes.
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Angiography and stenting: To reach damaged arteries, your doctor inserts a small tube into an artery in your leg or arm. On a live X-ray screen, blockages can be seen. A clogged artery can often beopened by angioplasty (the use of a catheter with a balloon tip) and stenting. Stenting can alleviate symptoms but does not prevent heart attacks.
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Bypass surgery: Your doctor uses a healthy blood vessel, usually from your leg or chest, to bypass a blocked portion.
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Endarterectomy: A procedure in which your doctor enters the arteries in your neck to remove plaque and restore blood flow. They may also insert a stent in high-risk individuals.
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Fibrinolytic therapy: It is a medication that removes a blood clot that is obstructing an artery.
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