Masters in Architecture Thesis book

LINK

HOTEL +HUB Start Up CAMPUS SAN FRANCISCO CALIFORNIA

3

Interactive Building Design for Collaboration & Interaction

A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the Architecture Department in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters in Architecture Savannah College of Art and Design

By

Adriana Maria Acosta Savannah, GA February, 2013

Interactive Building Design for Collaboration & Interaction

Adriana Maria Acosta Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Masters of Architecture at The Savannah College of Art and Design Š February, 2013. Adriana Maria Acosta The author hereby grants SCAD permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic thesis copies of document in whole or in part in any medium now known or hereafter created.

Signature of Author and Date _________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________/___/___ Committee Chair _____________________________________________________________________/___/___

Committee Member _____________________________________________________________________/___/___

Interactive Building Design for Collaboration & Interaction

Adriana Maria Acosta

February, 2012

This thesis focus on creating a full-service facility to foster entrepreneurship and new business opportunities for start-up companies from different cities across the country in San Francisco by offering workspace and long and short stay accommodations with the purpose of maximizing interaction, collaboration, productivity and new creative ideas.

The new campus will allow the start-up companies to collaborate, share and merge ideas with laboratories, offices, conference rooms, and lodging, in addition to entertainment and networking facilities.

Develop an architecture that supports an entrepreneurial community, their ideas and business opportunities.

9

MANIFIESTO Architecture can influence people’s behavior to power up human relationships, productivity, recreation and pleasure.

Environments have the power to stimulate mind, body and spirit for efficiency, effectiveness, and betterment human relationships in a community environment.

11

13

INTRODUCTION

Investigating innovative design to enhance

designs to the lifestyles of younger generations of

collaboration and interaction to ultimately apply them

business travelers. This study pursues interactive

to a new type of building program that consists of

architecture on the way we work and live; i.e. how

creating a full-service facility to foster entrepreneurship

technology impacts the way people communicate

and new business opportunities for start-up companies

and interact with each other.

from different cities across the country in the Silicon

Valley community.

The purpose is to understand how a building

can influence and facilitate collaboration through

This thesis will explore design trends in working

innovative working space and interactive long and

spaces to enhance collaboration and facilitate the

short-term accommodations. The goal is to enable

birth of new creative ideas, as well as productivity

networking and a sense of community between

through implementation of technology, open floor

different start-up companies and individuals in order to

plans, and social interaction. In addition, this research

develop creative ideas and new business opportunities

investigates how the hospitality sector has adapted its

within a building design.

15

LIST OF IMAGES

* Unless noted other wise all other images are by author IMAGE 1 O+A, www. O+A.com, 2011, http://www.o-plus-a.com/what-we-do/.

IMAGE 2 O+A, www. O+A.com, 2011, http://www.o-plus-a.com/what-we-do/.

IMAGE 3.

The Larkin Building, Bufalo New York by Frank Lloyd Wright IMAGE 4 Figure 3. The Larkin Building, Bufalo New York by Frank Lloyd Wright IMAGE 5 Generic office space in New York IMAGE 6 Facebook Office – Austin, TX by Lauckgroup IMAGE 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 David Basulto, “Facebook Offices / O+A Studio,” Archdaily, Sept 2009, http://www.archdaily.com/34602/ facebook-offices-oa-studio/ (accessed Sept 15, 2012 ).

IMAGE 13, 14 James S. Russel, “Facebook, Gehry Build Idea Factory for RipStik Geeks,” Bloomberg, Aug. 25, 2012, http://www. bloomberg.com/news/2012-08-24/facebook-gehry-build-idea-factory-for-ripstik-geeks.html#disqus_thread (accessed Oct. 05, 2012).

IMAGE 15 Lobby W Hotel Miami IMAGE 16 Aloft Hotel Room. http://www.hotel-online.com/News/PR2005_3rd/Sep05_aloft.html IMAGE 17 W Hotel Downtown Atlanta Shower MAGE 18, 19, 20 “Archdaily,” W London Leicester Square / Jestico + Whiles, Jun 05, 2011, http://www.archdaily.com/138600/wlondon-leicester-square-jestico-whiles/ IMAGE 21, 22, 23, 24 The Ace Hotel, New York / Roman and Williams,” Archdaily, March 07, 2011, http://www.archdaily.com/52016/ ace-hotel-roman-and-williams/ IMAGE 25, 26 Fresh Water Pavilion. http://weburbanist.com/2010/08/08/blobitecture-11-cool-ways-architecture-gets-a-round/ I

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IMAGE 27, 28 Casa Girasole. http://www.treehugger.com/corporate-responsibility/1935-villa-girasole-rotating-house-followsthe-sun.html IMAGE 29, 30 Dilbert’s Ultimate Cubicle in Collaboration with IDEO. http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/dilberts-ultima-36445 IMAGE 31, 32 The new Media Lab complex at night.

Photo: Andy Ryan. http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2010/media-lab-0304.html GROUP IMAGE 33 30 Under 30, America’s Coolest Young Entrepreneurs 2012 www.inc.com GROUP IMAGE 34 Spencer, Neil. Who Works for a Startup, Visual News, 03 February 2012, http://www.visualnews.com/2012/02/03/ who-works-for-a-startup/?view=infographic GROUP IMAGE 35 www.bio.com GROUP IMAGE 36 Start-Up Map, http://startup-map.datalysed.com/ IMAGE 37 Hotspots for Startup IT Jobs, http://www.payscale.com/it-jobs

IMAGE 38 Innovate SF, http://map.innovatesf.com/ IMAGE GROUP 39 www.hub.com IMAGE GROUP 40 www.bing.com/images/sanfranciscohotels IMAGE GROUP 42 http://transbaycenter.org/project/program-overview IMAGE GROUP 43, 44 www.bing.com/streetview IMAGE 45 http://www.mikeernst.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/SF_topo_big.jpg IMAGE 46 Earthquake and Hazard Program. http://quake.abag.ca.gov/shaking/ IMAGE 47 San Francisco Energy Map, http://sfenergymap.org/

19

CONTENT

15_ INTRODUCTION 22_ THE EVOLVING WORK

ENVIRONMENT IN

TECH COMPNIES 42_ HOME AWAY FROM

HOME 64_ INTERACTIVE

ARCHITECTURE 81_ RESEARCH

CONCLUSION

122_ SAN FRANCISCO

CLIMATE 132_ PROGRAM

DEVELOPMENT 138_ SCHEMATIC DESIGN 152_ DESIGN

DEVELOPMENT 176_ THESIS CONCLUSION

84_ USER PROFILE 106_ THE SITE 21

THE EVOLVING WORK ENVIRONMENT IN T E C H C O M P A N I E S Tech companies have revolutionized the way

long been a mecca for tech entrepreneurs.”1 In fact,

in which offices and working spaces have been set

51% of the $7.6 billion venture capitalists invested in

up for years. New design ideas have been introduced

the second quarter of 2011 went to California-based companies, according to research firm CB Insights. 2

in the work space in order to optimize creativity and productivity through interaction, collaboration, and

Like their colorful apps, workspaces in tech

recreation. Working spaces have turned into working

companies are vibrant and energetic. The firm O+A,

experiences. Tech companies try to layer experiences

based in San Francisco, has become a pioneer in tech

and outstanding comfort to make employees happy,

design, with clients like AOL, Facebook, and Microsoft.

thereby maintaining a high level of energy for

Primo Orpilla, principal at O+A, describes their work as

productivity and better creative ideas.

“spatial branding”; and says they believe as a firm that

“work environments grow organically from the culture of

Most of these companies are located in the Bay

Area: “With its tech-friendly culture, pool of engineering

the client” said Primo.

talent and extensive network of angel investors and

venture capitalists, San Francisco and its suburbs have

is using the space so that they can transform it into a

22

Their focus is to understand the culture of who

unique environment. Their design ideas explore how

IMAGE 1

people live and work by breaking boundaries and mixing work and play.3

Understanding how working spaces have evolved

for tech companies opens up the idea of how they can influence the way people work. These new environments are a reflection of what tech companies produce and create for the use of millions of people across the world.

IMAGE 2

23

1

Laurie Segall, "Why San Francisco is tech's utopia," October 17, 2011: 1.

2

Laurie Segall, "Why San Francisco Is Tech's Utopia," October 17, 2011: 1.

3

O+A, www. O+A.com, 2011, http://www.o-plus-a.com/what-we-do/.

25

HISTORY OF THE WORK ENVIRONMENT Summary from Office Book Judy Graf Klein

development of communication, machinery and

other technological tools, gave birth to the clerical

In order to understand the ergonomics of new

sector.

office spaces in tech companies, it is important to

review the early history of office spaces.

described the evolution of the modern office in

The earliest office to be dated can be described

three stages. In the course of the first stage the only

as a space where some kind of exchange was made.

technology was pen and ink, used by males who were

During the agrarian economy, “offices� could have

very skilled at writing insurance polices. They worked

been the kitchen where workers were paid and goods

side by side at wooden desks, where gas lamps, stoves

where exchanged; these spaces where usually at

and fireplaces supplied heating.

homes.

specific and tough duties.

After the Industrial Revolution, offices where

During the 19th century, architect Francis Duffy

Throughout the second stage, clerks executed Their workstations were

taken outside the home to cover administrative and

laid on open floor plans and more technology was

commercial needs. The Industrial Revolution, with the

introduced, like typewriters and telephones.

26

During this period women joined the workforce.

Buildings were designed to capture as much daylight as possible, and to provide fresh air and ventilation. 4

IMAGE 3

According to Duffy, the third stage began in the

1970’s. During this stage, thousands of workers were still needed for small transactions, but now technology played a more important role. Office buildings and interiors were designed based on the user with sophistication and with efficiency in mind. By 1970’s offices were characterized by cubicles and perimeter private offices where employees have been isolated in their big individual workstations with visual and acoustic privacy.

IMAGE 4

27

IMAGE 5

Nowadays, innovation plays an important role

in office design. Design firms as well as their clients believe that collaboration is the key for successful work environments. “Collaboration is central to the development of new ideas, procedures, products and creations�.5 Workstations were replaced with benching systems, and executives were moved to a central axis to increase collaboration and sustainability.

IMAGE 6

4

Judy Graf Klein, Office Book, ed. John Smallwood (New York, New York:

Fact On File).

5

Diane Stegmeier, Innovations in Office Design (Hoboken , New Jersey:

John Wiley & Son, 2008).

29

DESIGN TRENDS CHANGING THE WORK ENVIRONMENT

Knoll, a leader in furniture design for the work

For example, design firms like O+A have mastered the

environment, as well as design firms, like Gensler and

art of collaborating in the workplace by eliminating

O+A, among others, have studied and described new

the workstation and introducing benching systems;

design trends in the workspace that have been led by

collaboration becomes automatic. Also, collaboration

leading tech companies in the Silicone Valley. These

spaces that break away from the ordinary conference

trends can be categorized as follows:

table in favor of lounge furniture to increase interaction in open spaces.

- Collaboration:

-

Companies consider collaborating, learning, and

Workspaces are required to be designed in a way that is

socializing as important as focusing on one’s own

compatible with the fast growth of communication and

task. Gensler’s 2008 Workplace Survey confirms that

technology. Nowadays designers are incorporating

employees at

top-ranked companies consider

new technology to create dynamic spaces and to

collaboration two times more critical than employees

facilitate mobile offices. New building technologies

at any average company (43% versus 21%).6

also facilitate efficient work by employees.7

30

Collaboration through Technology

According

to

David

Coleman,

consultant

for

Collaborative Strategies, technology and social media have become the platform to collaborate easily.8 -

Collaboration through Social Interaction

For top-performing companies, socializing among their employees was crucial for more productivity. In order to increase socializing and interaction between employees, firms are focusing on designing for a specific culture. 9 Interaction is also introduced to the workplace by the implementation of the open floor plan.

Employees

have learned to embrace the idea of the open space because it reflects democracy and transparency in the workplace.10 31

6

Janet Pogue, The Office Evolution, Gensler (Gensler, 2009), 4.

7

Andrew Garnar-Wortzel, Trex Morris, and Christine Barber, “Workplace

Mobility,” Corporate Real Estate Journal, Gensler (2010), 15.

8

Joe Aki, “Five Trends that are Dramatically Changing Work and

Workplace,” New Ways of Working LLC, Knoll (2011), 15.

9

Andrew Garnar-Wortzel, Trex Morris Christine Barber, “Workplace

Mobility,” corporate Real Estate Journal, Gensler (2010), 15.

10

O+A, www. O+A.com, 2011, http://www.o-plus-a.com/what-we-do/.

33

IMPLEMENTING INNOVATIVE DESIGN IN TECH COMPANIES

Tech companies have become leaders in

CASE STUDY: FACEBOOK BY O+A

innovative design in their works space; “open, activity-

based, and collaborative spaces with a start-up’s flair

City: Palo Alto, CA

for edgy design and a clear directive to draw talent

Year: 2009

and attention with sophistication and amenities”11 is

Square Footage: 160,000

their focus.

Photographer: Cesar Rubio and Jasper Sanidad.

The attempt was to house ten different

Facebook offices under one roof without sacrificing the function of each office. The new headquarters make possible the interaction and connection between 700 employees, embracing the company’s essence as a social networking website supplier.12

34

O+A recognized that a new design approach

was needed for this project; directly involving the user in the design was the key to understanding the way employees worked and to give them the space they desired. The product was an office that reflects the spirit of a Facebook page. Facebook employees are the artists, and they are free to have ownership of the space; they can customize the space as if it were their individual Facebook page.

Primo describes the space as: “Paths of travel are

broad, continuous and as easily navigated as clicking from screen to screen. The distinct neighborhoods of formerly scattered departments are defined by changes

in color and spacing, but linked by

IMAGE 7

35

IMAGE 8

IMAGE 10

IMAGE 9

IMAGE 11

overarching finishes and graphics that run throughout the building.13

Since the new offices bring together employees

from ten different locations, Facebook aimed to keep the personal identity of each. Executives are located in a central area to maintain constant communication with other employees. Gathering spaces throughout the building encourage the community to come together and collaborate within departments.

Facebook

West

is

the

new

company’s

headquarter expansion designed by Frank Gehry.

Construction will begin during the spring of 2013; the 10-acre site is located across from the existing offices.

IMAGE 12

37

IMAGE 13

Mark Zuckerberg, the 28-year-old co-founder

of Facebook, worked in cooperation with Gehry to try new ideas. The main goal is to create an open floor plan to promote face-to-face interaction and to increase social exchange on electronic devices. 14 To maximize daylight, Gehry is introducing design skylights and clerestories into the 26-foot-high ceilings.

Other innovative spaces are the War Rooms which are outside pavilions to launch products, and a roof garden to have a space for employees to “escape�.

IMAGE 14

11

Sam Lube II, Gold Rush, 08 29, 2012, http://archpaper.com/news/

articles.asp?id=6233 (accessed 09 10, 2012).

12

David Basulto, “Facebook Offices / O+A Studio,” Archdaily, Sept 2009,

http://www.archdaily.com/34602/facebook-offices-oa-studio/

(accessed

Sept 15, 2012 ).

13

O+A, www. O+A.com, 2011, http://www.o-plus-a.com/what-we-do/.

14

James S. Russel, “Facebook, Gehry Build Idea Factory for RipStik Geeks,”

Bloomberg, Aug. 25, 2012, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-08-24/ facebook-gehry-build-idea-factory-for-ripstik-geeks.html#disqus_thread (accessed Oct. 05, 2012).

39

41

HOME AWAY FROM H O M E

Hotels around the world are becoming more

Bjorn Hanson found 38 new hotel brands created during

comfortable place for business people, making them

a space of 38 – month period. Out of those 38 new

feel at home and their stay their stay more enjoyable.

brands, 20 were in the luxury segment, 12 are upscale,

These relaxing experiences are what companies want

three are extended stay and three are midscale. And

to offer to their employees in order to maintain a

while historically companies have arranged contracts

productive environment and to keep them in a good

with particular hotel brands for their employees to

mood.

stay, the new trend is to let employees choose their

Hotels today are better than they have ever

own hotels in order to provide a more comfortable

been. Even during recent tough economic times, the

stay for them. Younger business travelers look for hotels

hospitality industry improved to keep business going

that are unique and that are capable of fulfilling their

and be more competitive.

modern lifestyles.

Hotels know that technology is essential for

Brands like Holiday Inn, Hampton Inn and Four

the new, younger generation of entrepreneurs and

Points will, most likely, have a flat-screen TVs in each

businessmen.15 PricewaterhouseCoopers hotel analyst

room, contemporary and modern exercise equipment

in their fitness areas, as well as complimentary breakfast and Internet access.

Moreover, younger travelers not only care

about good locations and hip amenities, but they also worry about how their stay might affect the environment. Hotel management has learned how be environmentally thoughtful to appease some of the philosophies and lifestyles common in this younger generation.18

Hotels for business travelers should be a reflection

of their lifestyle and provide an opportunity to facilitate social interaction as well as networking. In addition to offering a unique experience, hotels have become an extension of home and the work environment.

43

15

Bruce Schoenfeld, “Entrepreneur,” The Best Hotels for Business Trave, Apr

26, 2011, http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/219488# (accessed Oct 8, 2012).

16

Lauren Darson, “Business Travel News,” New Hotel Brands Target

Next-Gen Business Travelers, Apr 30, 2008, http://www.businesstravelnews. com/Travel-Management/New-Hotel-Brands-Target-Next-Gen-BusinessTravelers/?a=mgmt (accessed Oct 09, 2012).

17

Lauren Darson, “Business Travel News,” New Hotel Brands Target

Next-Gen Business Travelers, Apr 30, 2008, http://www.businesstravelnews. com/Travel-Management/New-Hotel-Brands-Target-Next-Gen-BusinessTravelers/?a=mgmt (accessed Oct 09, 2012).

18

Bruce Schoenfeld, “Entrepreneur,” The Best Hotels for Business Trave, Apr

26, 2011, http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/219488# (accessed Oct 8, 2012).

45

EVOLVING DESIGN TRENDS FOR BUSINESS HOTELS

New business travelers have affected the way

AIA, director of hospitality for Dallas-based architect

Building Teams come up with new ideas for hotel

HKS states, “These spaces have to be more social,

design. After numerous interviews with hoteliers and

flexible, and designed so they are no longer dead

hotel design experts, Building Design & Construction

lobbies but social environments and work environments

revealed seven trends influencing new hotel design.

where guests can relax or conduct business.”20 The different environments within the lobby area are

-

Lobbies as multipurpose rooms:

defined

with

different

ceiling

heights,

columns,

Lobbies as gathering spaces have been designed,

and furniture arrangements in order to encourage

where bars, sitting areas, check in spaces and other

socializing. Cocktail bars and small meeting spaces

amenities are gracefully joined in one big space

are an extension of this lobby space where business

“Building costs are so expensive that people want to

travelers can easily arrange meetings with clients and

utilize the lobby space in different ways so they can be

peers, says Roger G. Hill II, CEO of Gettys, Chicago

as efficient as possible,” says Andrew Strasser, principal

architecture firm.21

of Chicago-based Oxford Lodging.19 Nunzio De Santis, 46

-

New Shape for Guest Rooms

IMAGE 15

Guest rooms are adapting to a more square shape to become more functional. Traditionally, guest rooms have been 13-by-29 feet; however, new guest rooms are about 16 feet wide. The double-queen-bed guest room in Starwood’s latest “aloft” brand, for example, measures 18 feet, 6 inches-by-17 feet, 6 inches; at the same time, Hyatt’s new Hyatt Place king-bed guest room is somewhat bigger at 18 feet x 18 feet, 4 inches (Fig. 14). Consequently the square footage is less than in traditional guest rooms, but the space is better utilized, making the space feel bigger. Additionally, in order to become more business-friendly, bigger desks, along with numerous, easy to access outlet

IMAGE 16

connections, were introduced to maximize the work

-

space for people who like to work in their rooms.22

With the help of new technologies, hotel keys can

-

activate a room’s lights and the HVAC system. In addition,

No Bathtubs

Energy saving strategies

The cost of building a shower is the same as having a

hotel management can oversee and control remotely

bathtub; however, a shower that is the size of a bathtub

controlled thermostats and light switches that have been

is generous, and the finishes make a difference, since

left on. Other strategies include using to lights with motion

tile can come in different sizes and colors, making the

sensors in the hallways and public restrooms. 24

design more interesting and functional. Most guests

-

prefer the idea of the having a shower because it is

After self-check in kiosks were accepted and utilized

more hygienic and spacious. For more trendy hotels,

at airports, younger generations lean towards the

glass is another option, and it can be open to the

use of those before seeing a person. Kiosks have the

overall room design in order to allow sunlight to reach

advantage of speeding up the process of checking

the bathroom area.23

in and out, which is a valuable amenity for younger

Self check in kiosk

business travelers.25 48

-

Experimental Design

“One of the big trends in hotel design right now is creating experiences” reports Ron Swidler, SVP as Chicago-based Gettys. People are looking for a residential experience that is casual and comfortable, making them feel at home. In addition, theme hotels are becoming very popular for the uniqueness of the design, which creates an experience.26 -

Upscaling Lower-end brands

Big brands, like that of Hyatt’s, are recreating new lower end branches where the design is more unique and the amenities are more luxurious, but in a more cozy, and relaxed environment.27

IMAGE 17

49

19

Bruce Schoenfeld, “Entrepreneur,” The Best Hotels for Business Trave, Apr

26, 2011, http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/219488# (accessed Oct 8, 2012).

20

Bruce Schoenfeld, “Entrepreneur,” The Best Hotels for Business Trave, Apr

26, 2011, http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/219488# (accessed Oct 8, 2012).

21

Jay W. Schneider, “Building Design + Construction,” The Inn Thing Seven

Radical New Trends in Hotel Design, Aug 11, 2010, http://www.bdcnetwork. com/inn-thing-seven-radical-new-trends-hotel-design

(accessed

Oct

10,

2012).

22

Jay W. Schneider, “Building Design + Construction,” The Inn Thing Seven

Radical New Trends in Hotel Design, Aug 11, 2010, http://www.bdcnetwork. com/inn-thing-seven-radical-new-trends-hotel-design

(accessed

Oct

10,

2012).

23

Jay W. Schneider, “Building Design + Construction,” The Inn Thing Seven

Radical New Trends in Hotel Design, Aug 11, 2010, http://www.bdcnetwork. com/inn-thing-seven-radical-new-trends-hotel-design 2012).

(accessed

Oct

10,

24

Jay W. Schneider, “Building Design + Construction,” The Inn Thing Seven

Radical New Trends in Hotel Design, Aug 11, 2010, http://www.bdcnetwork. com/inn-thing-seven-radical-new-trends-hotel-design (accessedOct 10, 2012).

25

Jay W. Schneider, “Building Design + Construction,” The Inn Thing Seven

Radical New Trends in Hotel Design, Aug 11, 2010, http://www.bdcnetwork. com/inn-thing-seven-radical-new-trends-hotel-design

(accessed

Oct

10,

2012).

26

Jay W. Schneider, “Building Design + Construction,” The Inn Thing Seven

Radical New Trends in Hotel Design, Aug 11, 2010, http://www.bdcnetwork. com/inn-thing-seven-radical-new-trends-hotel-design

(accessed

Oct

10,

2012).

27 Veronica Newson, Ultraluze Hotels, ed. Mariangela Pallazzi-Williams (Great Britain: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2009).

51

WHAT MAKES A GREAT HOTEL?

Boutique and design hotels have become

have an entire resort dedicated to fashion showcasing

popular for the way they address the design elements

the most luxurious brands in the world.28

in complementation with the architecture and

personalized customer service. For example, the

and forget about everyday stress. Hotels have become

W hotel, which brings exclusive design in the

a distention for people who care for holistic living,

architecture as well as in the dĂŠcor, has become

wherein wellness of mind, body and soul are equally

widely popular because of the uniqueness of each

important for their wellbeing and their overall health. In

one, with the juxtaposition of the functionality of a big

combination with spas and solons, workout rooms are

hotel service.

a major plus when choosing a hotel to work, relax and

Travelers want to be able to access public

Moreover, hotels have become a place to relax

network.29

transportation and be located near cultural city centers,

Hotel design has adopted different trends to

clubs, restaurants boutiques and other amenities. For

achieve their unique personalities and accommodate

example, in Dubai, the man- made archipelago The

the needs of their unique costumers. Additionally,

World will include an island called Isla Moda, which will

business hotels as well as designer hotels are

contributing to urban regeneration, helping cities like London to revitalize areas and buildings that have long been forgotten. Hotel design has incorporated local trends and cultural traditions in their exclusive design ideas.30

Hotel design is not only about creating a space

and an experience; hotel design has turned into creating a product. “In a hotel, guest should find what they dream of at home,� said Conrad Hilton, founder of Hilton Hotels. The hotel becomes a stage where their guests recreate and identify their dreams and their lifestyles.31

53

28

Veronica Newson, Ultraluze Hotels, ed. Mariangela

Pallazzi-Williams (Great Britain: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2009).

29

Veronica Newson, Ultraluze Hotels, ed. Mariangela

Pallazzi-Williams (Great Britain: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2009).

30

Otto Riewoldt, New Hotel Design (New York: Watson-

Guptill Publications, 2002).

31

Otto Riewoldt, New Hotel Design (New York: Watson-

Guptill Publications, 2002).

55

THE BUSINESS HOTEL W Hotel London by Andrew Rogers in Archdaily

installations

obstructing views.

Designed

by

award-winning

architects

the

street

design

is

attained

without

the W Hotel in London’s Leicester Square houses

sophisticated ceramic frit applied to the optically

retail, leisure and residential accommodations spread

corrected glass of the building’s outer skin. The interiors,

over 200,000 squared feet. The 10-story building

designed by Concrete Architectural Associates, are a

includes a spa, 11 penthouse apartments and

reflection of a typical experience of London culture.

35,000 square feet devoted of retail-leisure activities.

At the street level the building has shops, bars and

restaurants. The guest entrance has been placed in a

from the building, where the glass is frame less and a hatch with an abstract pattern of a theatre curtain resembles the cinematic legacy of the area. The façade of the building was designed to work as a pixilated screen with dynamic light 56

innovative

onto

Jestico+Whiles and developed by McAleer & Rushe,

The façade is suspended as a second skin

The

projected

by

separate area of the building to create privacy.32

a

IMAGE 18

IMAGE 19

IMAGE 20

The ACE Hotel by David Basulto in Archdaily

On the other hand, individual hotel developers are

which revolves around showcasing the original

investing in old buildings that have been forgotten and

coffered ceilings, plaster moldings, massive columns,

transforming them into fabulous hotel experiences. For

airy skylights, and mosaic floors inlaid with a Greek

example, built in 1904 with the purpose of becoming

key pattern. The architecture is the spirit of a warm,

part of an avenue of hotels, the Hotel Breslin, which

intimate space reflecting a home feel that is timeless,

was one of the New York’s best-known residential

luxurious, eccentric and unique.

hotels in the early part of the 20th century, has been

transformed into The Ace Hotel, housing 344 rooms on

functional, but resembling a funky small apartment.

a 165,000-square-foot development. The Ace Hotel

Custom-designed furnishings, like a leather sofa that

is characterized by the use of mixed materials, styles

turns into a bed or an exposed rack made out of bent

and historical periods with objects that are welded

plumbing pipes, were included in the design.34

together to become one.33

58

The lobby area is the center of the brick building,

Furthermore, the rooms are designed to be more

IMAGE 21

IMAGE 22

IMAGE 23

IMAGE 24

32

Andrew Rosenberg, “Archdaily,” W London Leicester Square / Jestico

+ Whiles, Jun 05, 2011, http://www.archdaily.com/138600/w-london-leicestersquare-jestico-whiles/ (accessed Oct 20, 2012).

33

David Basulto, “The Ace Hotel, New York / Roman and Williams,”

Archdaily, March 07, 2011, http://www.archdaily.com/52016/ace-hotelroman-and-williams/ (accessed Oct. 20, 2012).

34

David Basulto, “The Ace Hotel, New York / Roman and Williams,” 07

March 2011, Archdaily, 20 Oct. 2012 <http://www.archdaily.com/52016/acehotel-roman-and-williams/>.

61

63

INTERACTIVE ARCHITECTURE

Technology plays an important role in our modern

equivalent,

complex

physical

interactions

are

society and its implementation is key to developing

created.35

new ideas. Technology more importantly lets us

communicate and share information in ways that are

integrated in a space is very powerful because it

secure and fast, which allows us to create an infinite

multi-mediates its surroundings and can profoundly

network of knowledge and creativity. Understanding

modify human behavior. Technology in a space should

how technology can influence our behavior and our

interlocked as any other finished material and should

space in order to move forward into future interactions

be treated as part of it, neither as an afterthought, nor

is an important element to follow this wave of creative

as the main element in the space.36

thinking.

Since the Industrial Revolution, technology has been

With Interactive Architecture, dynamic spaces

understood as a social derisory. Furthermore, during

and objects can be designed through a processes-

the 1990s people were concerned about the idea

oriented guide to achieve pragmatic and humanistic

of the virtual world overpowering the physical world.

functions. By blending computation with a tangible

However, technology has improved the way people

64

Understanding

how

technology

can

be

interact, giving us more tools for communication and

IMAGE 25

allowing us to access and share information easily.

In spatial design, digital technology application is a tool to reinforce interaction. On the other hand, individualism and an unrelenting work culture are what keep us apart, rather than the technology devices that surround our day-to-day lives.37

Interaction can take different forms since it

can be physical or remote and the contact can be face-to-face or through a smart phone. At any stage, technology is allowing people to communicate and be part of a social group with the same intent. 38

IMAGE 26

35 Bill

Mitchel,

Interactive

Architecture,

http://www.interactive-

architecture.com/#/about/ (accessed 10 22, 2012).

36

Kim Colin, Extra Spatial, ed. IDEO (San Francisco, CA: Chronicle Books

LLC, 2003).

37

Lucy Bullivant, 4dspace, ed. Helen Castle, Vol. 75 (London: AD

Architectural Design, 2005).

38

Lucy Bullivant, 4dspace, ed. Helen Castle, Vol. 75 (London: AD

Architectural Design, 2005).

67

ADAPTABLE SPACES

Until now in architecture, adaptability has

environment is determined by the accessibility to

referred to how a structure can change its geometry

technology. A living space can be adaptable to what

to fit certain type of activity. The idea of creating a

the user wants to communicate with other users in

space that is optimum to its full capacity should be

the same space or to another space by integrating

understand of how the space can be transform to

technologies such as cameras, microphones, audio

the needs of the user. Adaptable spaces should be

devices and other related technologies.40

dynamic and be able to change with the user, as well

as with the objects in space and their organization.39

related to the idea of Le Corbusier and the â&#x20AC;?living

-

machineâ&#x20AC;?, where space follows the principle of

Living Spaces

Moreover, technology and home are easily

When a space becomes an interactive space

adaptability and functionality. A home is a structure

intervening between the users and the environment

where people interact in ways that integrates space

outside, it becomes the media where communication

and perception surrounded by a chain of different

is transferred within the physical space. The capability

events.41

of a space to communicate with the user and its 68

Today, with the help of technology, spaces

IMAGE 27

are not only functional and adaptable; they are becoming fully interactive spaces. For example, the Aegis Hypo-Surface of dECOI is a wall surface that can be programmed by pneumatic pistons and springs.

The wall is interactive, producing interior environments that are constantly modified by lighting, sound and projection inside of the Freshwater Pavilion by NOX. The wall responds to how people move throughout the space.

In addition to how material can enable the

user communicate with the physical interior space passively, architecture can also interact with the environment. Casa Girasole by Angelo Invernizzi and IMAGE 28

located in Verona, Italy, is a two level structure, where

toward the end of the day to check emails or attend

the ground level is fixed, but the upper level rotates

meetings. In between they are usually meeting with

to track the arc of the sun and maximize the interior

clients, which makes one workstation utilized by

light.42 The structure becomes a medium where the

different employees throughout the day. Workstations

user interacts directly with the exterior environment.

should cover different needs and users. Therefore, the

space should be flexible, dynamic and adaptable.43

-

Working Spaces

Interactive working spaces are essential for the

modern workspace. Spaces that are adaptable and

different prototypes of adaptable working spaces.

functional have become an important element for

Their projects vary in scale, from creating building

companies with employees who come and go out of

design that is adaptable, to cubicles that can be

the office. For example, service-oriented companies

personalized for each independent user.

are continuously changing in size, according to the

amount of work they have. In larger companies,

making workspaces interactive and adaptable.

employees usually use the space in the morning and

However, the use of technology is dreadful in

70

Design firm IDEO has studied and developed

Technology has played an important role in

workspace because it can isolate users. Designers

IMAGE 29

should consider the integration of the building structure, furniture systems, and technology devices in ways that are dynamically sufficient to achieve connectivity, adaptability and functionality within the space and for the users.44

IMAGE 30

39

Michael Fox, Interactive Architecture, ed. Lauren Nelson Packward

(New York, NY: Princeton Architectural Press, 2009).

40

Michael Fox, Interactive Architecture, ed. Lauren Nelson Packward

(New York, NY: Princeton Architectural Press, 2009).

41

Lucy Bullivant, 4dspace, ed. Helen Castle, Vol. 75 (London: AD

Architectural Design, 2005).

42

Lucy Bullivant, 4dspace, ed. Helen Castle, Vol. 75 (London: AD

Architectural Design, 2005).

43

Michael Fox, Interactive Architecture, ed. Lauren Nelson Packward

(New York, NY: Princeton Architectural Press, 2009).

44

Lucy Bullivant, 4dspace, ed. Helen Castle, Vol. 75 (London: AD

Architectural Design, 2005).

73

IMPLEMENTING INTERACTIVE ARCHITECTURE MIT Media Lab Complex by MIT News

in advancing technologies that amplify the human

experience, “ added President Hockfield.

Pritzker Prize-winning architect Fumihiko Maki

and Associates designed the Media Lab Complex

The building was designed with an open floor plan, with

in alliance with Leers Weinzapfel Associates. The

the flexibility and adaptability to allow collaboration

163,000-square-foot building was designed to be an

between the different departments.45

addition of the existing Media Lab designed by MIT

alumnus I.M. Pei. The intent was to create a connected

bring together researchers from an eclectic range

environment for research, creativity, and discovery.

of

“In the best MIT tradition of inventing the future,

artists, musicians, and others — who work together

the new Media Lab Complex expands a legendary

collaboratively to invent technologies that improve

workshop where creativity and innovation continually

people’s lives and transform society,” declared Frank

transform the intersection of people and machines,”

Moss, Director of the Media Lab. “The openness and

stated MIT President Susan Hockfield. “This magnificent

transparency of this incredible new building will support

new facility unites researchers from across our campus

the Lab’s unique style of research and allow us to take

74

“The magic of the Media Lab is its ability to

disciplines

—

engineers,

computer

scientists,

on the major challenges that confront the world in the

IMAGE 31

21st century, such as human health, education and sustainable cities, â&#x20AC;&#x153; said Moss.

The materiality of the building creates a sense of transparency which intends to connect people to enforce the idea of community.46

IMAGE 32

45

MIT, “MIT opens new Media Lab Complex. Fumihiko Maki-designed

building will support technological innovation,” MIT News, March 05, 2010, http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2010/media-lab-0304.html (accessed Nov 1, 2012).

46

MIT, “MIT opens new Media Lab Complex. Fumihiko Maki-designed

building will support technological innovation,” MIT News, March 05, 2010, http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2010/media-lab-0304.html (accessed Nov 1, 2012).

77

79

RESEARCH CONCLUSION

As this report has shown, when buildings

To

create

a

full-service

facility

to

foster

are designed with the integration of proper use of

entrepreneurship and new business opportunities for

technology and open floor plans, collaboration and

start-up companies from different cities across the

interaction can be achieved.

country in the Silicon Valley community by offering workspace, long and short stay accommodation with

Collaboration

and

interaction

in

the

the purpose of maximize interaction, collaboration,

entrepreneurial community have played an important

productivity and new creative ideas, it is important

role for the birth of new creative ideas and new business

to implement the evolving design trends that have

opportunities. Therefore, building designers should

changed the workspace into more dynamic and flexible

integrate new technology to share information and

environment. As well as applying new design strategies

communication in a functional and interactive way,

in the hospitality industry to create an enjoyable stay

and spaces should become dynamic and flexible to

that creates an experience and makes people feel like

enforce human relations.

at home, spaces should remain open and flexible while

at the same time innovative, experiential, and intimate.

The space should reflect the lifestyle of the new

generation of business people who are more laid-back, and environmentally conscious,

and technology is

the main medium of communication and informationsharing.

81

83

USER PROFILE

The building intent is to server 1000 of young

In

fact,

entrepreneurs

personalities

are

entrepreneurs and Start-Up companies from around

usually described by researcher as â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;arrogant and

the world and the United States that go to San

psychopathicâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;, however this type of behavior is often

Francisco and the Bay Area looking for Investment

what help entrepreneurs to achieve success or in the

Capital, collaboration, networking, and interaction

other hand failure.48

with similar entities and financial institutions.

Young entrepreneurs as well as start up

employees are people that are particularly goal oriented, highly motivated and risk takers. They also like to be independent from and early age and they are usually over confident. They like to create they own rules and they usually disagree with social stereotype.47

84

GROUP IMAGE 33 IMAGE GROUP 33

ROLE MODELS STEVE JOBS Occupation: Entrepreneur With Stephen Wozniak founded Apple Computers, revolutionizing the tech world with invention like the iphone and iPad

SERGEY BRIN Occupation: Entrepreneur, Engineer In cooperation with Larry Page founded the world’s largest search engine Google. They both manage the company and became billionaires.

MARK ZUCKERBERG Occupation: Entrepreneur, Computer Programmer, Philanthropist Creator and CEO of the world’s largest social network Facebook.

SEAN PARKER Occupation: Entrepreneur Co- founder of Napsters, music file-sharing on the web and founding president of Facebook .

BILL GATES Occupation: Entrepreneur With Paul Allen founded Microsoft, the world’s largest software business, and became the richest men in the world

JACK DORSEY Occupation: Entrepreneur, Computer Programmer Creator of Twiter, social media site to share short personal expressions.

Data from http://www.biography.com/ 86

SUCCESSFUL

ENTREPRENEURS

IMAGE GROUP 34

USER

BACKGROUND 35-44

48%

13% Sales and Marketing 12% Product Managments and Development

26-34

11% Engineering 8% Business Development

29% 45-54

6% Software

19%

4% Strategy 46% Other Role

18-25 4%

FUNDINGS TEAM’S AGE

FOUNDER’S FORMER ROLE

CHALLENGES

44% High cost of compensation packages 42% High cost of living in my area 18% Too few qualified employees

IT’S WHO YOU KNOW

24+

MUTUAL FRIENDS

MORE LIKELY TO BE INTERVIEW OR QUALIFIED

3-23 MUTUAL FRIENDS

0-2

MUTUAL FRIENDS

GROUP IMAGE 35 89

WORLD’S START-UPS

5054

7438

11625

604

8

16

554

450

635

35 13

138

200

72

90

271

CALIFORNIA’S START-UPS

USA’S START-UPS

49 1502 59 1165

1289 112

50

126

1434 1705 6745

1104

4069

7 38

576

655 69 1301

530

35 1272

GROUP IMAGE 36 91

SAN FRANCISCO START-UPS

Start- ups companies are all over the world, and

3

most of them are located in San Francisco. However

6

companies all over America are in competition for talent and creative ideas.

Creative Ideas, networking, talent, and money are essential for the success of startups, and many of

4 1

9 5 7

10 8

2

these companies around the world, and specially from IMG. 37

the United States, go to California seeking for these valuable assets which are abundant and diverse in San Francisco.

START UPS JOBS IN THE UNITED STATES

START UPS PROXIMITY Stat ups, investor and services IMG. 38 93

SAN FRANCISCO HOME OF THE START UPS

San Francisco has become the new destination

which has positively impacted the economy in the

for Startup companies from around the United States.

area, creating new jobs and encouraging other

Many neighborhoods around Warfield Theater and

companies to make the move up north.

Market Street experienced throughout the years a

Moreover the city officials have created tax incentives

significant urban decay that had leaded the area to

for companies to move and stay in San Francisco.

high vacancy real estate rates. However, in recent

Furthermore, people working for startup companies

years, many Startups companies due to the limited

have shown an interest for design, art and cultural

availability of office spaces in Menlo Park and Palo

experiences, therefore San Francisco seems like a

Alto have moved to San Francisco looking for a

perfect place to enjoy all of these experiences since

city experience, where they have found plenty of

it is full creativity, entrainment, great restaurants,

potential office space around Mid-Market helping to

museums, and commercial accessibility.

rehabilitate the area.

For example, companies like Twitter, Instagram, Zynga, and Airbnb have established spaces in San Francisco, 94

IDEAS + CAPITAL/INVESTORS + CONNECTION 95

47

Ries, Eric. Founder personalities and the “first-class man” theory of

management. 9 July 2010. 15 January 2013 <http://www.startuplessonslearned. com/2010/07/founder-personalities-and-first-class.html>.

48

Johnson, Bobbie. Startup entrepreneurs are ‘arrogant and psychopathic’.

9 December 2011. 15 January 2013 <http://gigaom.com/2011/12/09/startupsentrepreneurs-are-arrogant-and-psychopathic/>.

97

HUBS? WORK+ CONNECT GENERATE

IDEAS

When Startup from other cities visit San Francisco to connect with investor and other, startup they rent office spaces to work and collaborate with others. 49

IMAGE GROUP 39 98

HOTELS R E S T ENTERTAIN WORK In addition to renting a working space, entrepreneurs are required to book expensive hotel, usually in the downtown area to be closer to work and meeting spaces, as well as the investors, and other companies likes them .

IMAGE GROUP 40 99

HOTELS

TRANSPORTATION

WORK SPACE

$$$ + $$$ + $$$

WORK SPACE

HOTELS

CONNECT

ENTERTAIN WORK

CREATE

REST

SAN FRANCISCO

WORK SPACE + HOTEL - TRANSPORTATION WORK

CONNECT

ONE

REST

SPACE

CREATE

ENTERTAIN RELAX SAN FRANCISCO

WORK CONNECT

BETTER CREATIVE IDEAS + PRODUCTIVITY

CREATE

ENTERTAIN RELAX

24 hrs

REST

105

THE SITE

106

SAN FRANCISCO FINANCIAL DISTRICT

Howard st & Second st

SITE DATA

50

d

2n ST PARCELS (Block/Lot): 3735/063

HO

W

A

RD

ST

ADDRESSES: 222 02ND ST, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94105 NEIGHBORHOOD: Financial District PARCEL AREA: 23,925 sq ft (150 ft X 159.5 ft) ZONING DISTRICTS: C-3-O(SD) - Downtown- Office (Special Development)

IMAGE GROUP 41

NOB HILL

NEIGHBORHOOD CONTEXT MARINA PACIFIC HEIGHTS WESTERN ADDITION CASTRO/ UPPER MARKET

MISSION

RUSSIAN HILL

CHINA TOWN

NORTH BEACH FINANCIAL DISTRICT DOWNTOWN/ CIVIC CENTER SOUTH MARKET

POTRERO HILL

BUILDING’S USE IN CONTEXT WITH THE SITE

PARKING TECHNOLOGY COMPANY OFFICES ENTERTAINMENT RETAIL VOID ECCLESIASTICAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION EDUCATION HOSPITALITY RESIDENTIAL CULTURAL 111

VIEWS OUT FROM THE SITE

1

1

2 3 2 1. Mix-used (office and retail) 2. Mix-used (restaurant and office space) 3. Parking Lot, retail and offices 112

IMAGE GROUP 42

3

1

1 2 1. Mix-used (office, retail and gallery) 2. Office Space

IMAGE GROUP 43

2

113

SAN FRANCISCO TRANSBAY TRANSIT CENTER From Transbay Transit Center Org. Program Overview.

The $4 billion dollar project, that intent to

garden, 5 levels housing all the different transit services, as well as a Transit Tower creating more

transform San Franciscoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s downtown and the bay

financing for the development.

area is revolutionary transit center connecting eight

The construction started on December 2008, with a

Bay Area counties as well as California with 11 different

temporary terminal while the new structure is built,

transit systems, including Amtrak, BART, and a new

and will be complete in 2017.

High Speed Rail connecting San Francisco with Los

The Transit Center has been planned to house

Angeles.

100,00 passengers weekly, and over 45 million user

The project not only intents to generate a new transit

by year, with the goal of making transportation easy

center for San Francisco, it also is creating new

and friendly for locals and visitors of San Francisco

residential building, offices, parks, and commercial

and the bay area. 52

amenities for a new neighborhood in the area.

This project is extremely influential in the decision of

The Transit Center has been designed by Pelli Clarke

choosing the site location which has the potential

Pelli Architects, and it will feature a 5.4 acre roof top

to integrate the design to this future development.

IMAGE GROUP 44

Transbay Transit Center Temporary Terminal New Bus Ramps Folsom Street Redevelopment Area Bus Storage New Fourth & King Caltrain Station

115

CURRENT TRANSIT IN THE AREA

PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION AND STOPS BIKE ROUTES BIKE LANES AND DIRECTION

117

49 http://bayarea.the-hub.net/ 50 http://ec2-50-17-237-182.compute-1.amazonaws.com/PIM/ 51 www.bing.com/maps 52

Transbay Transit Center, Program Overview, http://transbaycenter.org/

project/program-overview

119

121

SAN FRANCISCO

CLIMATE

From Golden Gate Weather Services, Climate of San

north. Mount Davidson's peak is the highest terrain,

Francisco, Narrative Description

with an elevations of over 900 feet, followed by Mount Sutro with 920 feet and North and South Twin at 919

Due to the diverse topography in San Francisco,

feet.

there is different kinds of micro climates. Winds are

San Francisco climate is described as Mediterranean,

directed though out the city due to the diverse terrain,

due to the surrounding bodies of water, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s diverse

which concludes in different weather conditions

topography

around

California weather. This type of climate type is normally

the city. San Francisco is located at the northern end

described by moist mild winters and dry summers.

of a peninsula, spanning across the Coast Range south

Rainfall are mostly absent from May to September, and

of where it is broken by the Golden Gate.

prevalent from November to March with an average

On the west, San Francisco's abrupt topography is

of 10 days of rain per month, snow is very rare.

the limit between the Pacific Ocean, to the east San

With average temperatures of 60° degree thought out

Francisco Bay is situated and the Golden Gate to the

the year, San Francisco climate can be considered

and

the

unique

characteristics

of

pleasant and enjoyable, leading to numerous types of outdoor activities and pedestrian circulation in the streets.53

123

TOPOGRAPHY

IMG.45

SEISMIC ANALYSIS

Increasing Intensity These regions are near major, active faults and will on average experience stronger earthquake shaking more frequently.

These regions are distant from known, active faults and will experience lower levels of shaking less frequency.

IMG.46 125

SAN FRANCISCO WEATHER

This image shows the typical wind patterns

through the financial district under a prevailing northwest wind. Colors are representative of the average wind speed, and streamlines show the

WIND FREQUENCY (Hrs) Date 1sr January - 31st December Time: 00:00 - 24:00 WIND FREQUENCY (Hrs) Date 1st January - 31 December Time: 00:00 - 24:00 NORTH

AVERAGE RAINFALL (mm) Date 1st January - 31 December Time: 00:00 - 24:00 NO

40 km/h

40

30 km/h

30

Market Street tend to obstruct and redirect the flow of

20 km/h

20

wind, decreasing the downwind resource southeast

10 km/h

10

direction of the wind. Tall buildings to the northwest of

of Market. 54

WEST

EAST

WEST

hrs

SOUTH

IMG.47 126

483+ 386 289 193 <48

SO

WEATHER ANALISYS Maximum, average, and minimum Temperature Date 1st January - 31 December Time: 00:00 - 24:00

AVERAGE RAINFALL Average Monthly Precipitation (in) Date 1st January - 31 December Time: 00:00 -24:00

WEATHER ANALYSIS Maximum, average, and minimum Temperature Date 1sr January - 31st December Time: 00:00 - 24:00 WIND FREQUENCY (Hrs)

5.0

Date 1st January - 31 December Time: 00:00 - 24:00 NORTH

AVERAGE RAINFALL (mm) Date 1sr January - 31st December Time: 00:00 - 24:00 AVERAGE RAINFALL (mm) Date 1st January - 31 December Time: 00:00 - 24:00 NORTH

4.0

40 km/h

40 km/h

3.0

30 km/h

95째

30 km/h 20 km/h

20 km/h

2.0

10 km/h WEST

60째 0째 J

F

M

A

M

J

J

A

S

O

N

Max. Temp Avg. Temp Min. Temp SOUTH

D

10 km/h

1.0

EAST

0.0 J

F

WEST

M

EAST

A

M

J

J

A

S

O

N

hrs 483+ 386 289 193 <48

D

mm

SOUTH

1.0+ 0.7 0.5 0.3 <0.1

127

53

Golden Gate Weather Services, Climate of San Francisco, Narrative

Description, http://ggweather.com/sf/narrative.html 54

San Francisco Enery Map, Preveling Winds over Financial District. http://

sfenergymap.org/

129

131

PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT First Floor: The intent is to create a welcoming space

Third Floor through Ninth Floor: These floors will house

with a living room feeling to welcome users with the

over night accommodations incorporating space for

idea of making them feel like at home. Also a restaurant

people to mingle and to hang out casually to continue

area will be incorporate to bring locals in and to serve

interacting and connecting with others.

as a networking area for user and visitors.

Tenth Floor: For entrainment, a bar and a restaurant

As well as the restaurant, a gallery space will serve

will be created in this level to invite locals in to connect

to bring people in and to host events for people to

with the building users.

connect.

Additional outdoor space will be added for physical

Second Floor:

Open working space will be the

preliminary use of the second level, user will be able to work in collaboration and integration of interactive technology

to exchange ideas and create new

relationships. Meeting and conference space will be added as well.

activities and to enjoy the beautiful weather of San Francisco.

TENTH FLOOR Bar and restaurant outdoor space for entertainment and interaction

THIRD FLOOR THROUGHOUT NINTH FLOOR Overnight rooms ( dimensions of each room 18ft x 18ft) 20 to 10 rooms per floor ( This will be determined by the building volume) Total of 150 rooms approx.

SECOND FLOOR 12000 sq ft (excluding parking and atrium) Workspace 8000 sq ft Cafeteria & miscellaneous services (4000 sq ft) Green terrace for different outdoor events 7000 sq ft approx.

FIRST FLOOR 12000 sq ft (excluding parking and atrium) Lobby 2000 sq ft Restaurant & Bar 4000 sq ft Event/ gallery flexible space 6000 sq ft

133

SITE DIMENSIONS: 150 ft X159 ft TOTAL AREA: 23925 sq ft PROGRAMING FOR APPROXIMATE 10 FLOORS Parking about 30% of gross area.

(14000 sq ft approx split in two level or underground) Atrium Space about 5000 sq ft

FIRST FLOOR 12000 sq ft

(Excluding parking and atrium) • Lobby 2000 sq ft • Restaurant & Bar 4000 sq ft • Event/ gallery flexible space 6000 sq ft

SECOND FLOOR 12000 sq ft (Excluding parking and atrium) • Workspace 8000 sq ft • Cafeteria & miscellaneous services (4000 sq ft) • Green terrace for different outdoor events over parking area 7000 sq ft approx.

8 REMAINING FLOORS • Overnight rooms ( dimensions of each room 15ft x 15ft) 20 to 10 rooms per floor ( This will be determined by the building volume) • Total of 250 rooms approx.

135

137

SCHEMATIC

DESIGN

The intent is to develop a form that responses to the environmental conditions as well as the solar orientation and natural ventilation specifically to the site.

By opening an atrium and opening up the south facade, the building would allowed to a high quality of daylight in every space in the building.

Moreover, the layout of the space will have the intention to create open space with different types of connections and a open circulation to allow collaboration and interaction between the different areas of the building. The final goal is to allow for interconnectivity between different level and occupancies as well as with the city context.

138

139

HOW TO BRING LIGHT IN EVERY SPACE?

HOW TO CORRELATE TO A CHANGING SKYLINE?

HOW TO BRING PEOPLE IN?

HOW TO BRING NATURAL VENTILATION IN?

LIGHT ON SOUTH FACADE

LIMITED VIEWS

LIGHT FROM ABOVE THROUGH ATRIUM SPACE

VENTILATION FROM FACADE THROUGH SPACE

NORTH

141ATRIUM

OPENING UP THE ATRIUM TO MAXIMIZE LIGHT IN EVERY SPACE AND VIEWS TO THE CITY

OPENING UP THE ATRIUM TO MAXIMIZE LIGHT IN EVERY SPACE AND VIEWS TO THE CITY

MASS SUITS THE URBAN FABRIC AND THE CHANGING SKYLINE

SHIFTED FACADE TO CREATE TENSION AND BRING PEOPLE IN + OPEN SPACE FOR MULTIPLE ACTIVITIES AND RECREATION

VENTILATION FROM NORTH FACADE THROUGH ENTIRE BUILDING 143+ ATRIUM VENTILATION FOR LOWER FLOORS

THE PLAN IS THE GENERATOR - Le Corbusier BATHROOMS OR OFFICES

RESTAURANT KITCHEN

GALLERY

RESTAURANT

LOBBY

144

LEVEL 1

LEVEL 1a

UP UP DN

UP DN

DN

UP

UP UP DN

UP

CIRCULATION LOBBY (6715 sq ft) RESTAURANT (6858 sq ft) GALLERY (6796 sq ft)

145

LEVEL 2a

LEVEL 2

UP UP DN

DN

UP DN UP DN

UP DN

CIRCULATION HUB (25,085 sq ft)

146

TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN The study of the different ares allow the design to be driven by the concept of interaction and collaboration by creating open spaces and as well as connectivity between level. T

UP UP DN

DN

UP DN

CIRCULATION ROOMS (18’ X 18’) SERVICE/MAINTENANCE INTERACTIVE SPACE

147

STUDY MODELS

This

serie

of

study

models

helped

with

the

conceptualization of the massing as well as the correlation of the skin to the form in relationship to the context and the site conditions.

149

151

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT The building massing design was driven by as series

The main structural design concept was inspired by

of studies that intents to maximizing

the idea of

the idea of folding paper and triangulating plates to

capturing daylight in the majority of the space , views,

create diagonal members that function as a diagrid

and natural ventilation into the building. The massing

system to support the building from the facade, with

of the building open up toward the south to increase

the help of a columned system. The folding plates

daylight into the working space an allowing every

along with the diagonal members wrap the building

single room in the building to enjoy the natural light

maximizing lateral support and protevting the high

with out physical obstructions.

seismic conditions in San Francisco.

In addition, the building incorporates a series of atrium space to allow the flow of natural ventilation and passive cooling throughout the space, housing at the same time components of the structural system.

152

153

ALTERNATE VIEWS

154

155

ELEVATION AND SECTIONS

WEST ELEVATION

156

NORTH ELEVATION

A

B 157

BUILDING PROGRAMING Lobby Area: This level houses a welcoming space with

allows users to have different activities thoughtout

a living room feeling to recieve users with the purpose

the work period maximizing interaction between the

of making guest feel like at home. Moreover, this level

different startups and their own work team.

includes a restaurant space avalable to locals in order

Third Floor through thenth Floor: These levels houses the

to facilitate networking between guest and locals. In

over night accommodations combining single and

addititon to the restaurant, a gallery space in this level

double rooms, as well as a longstay room version that

serves as exhihibition space for gues to showcase their

includes a kitchenett space. In addittion, pool facilities

work and display it to the public.

are located on the third floor, and fitness facilities are

Work Area: The work area incorporates a furniture

located on the ninth floor.

system to allow user to arrenge it as they need it to

Eleventh Floor through the thiteenth floor:

facilitate interaction. The space in addition to this

entrainment, a bar, a restaurant, and a conference

flexible furniture arregment, includes open conference

center are located in this area, as well as a open

space, private conference space, lounge area,

roof top to enjoy San Franciscoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s nice wearther and

arcarde area, and break room. The diversity of spaces,

amazing views.

For

CONFERENCE CENTER : 8000 SQFT CAFETERIA NIGH CLUB 32 ROOMS LOCKERS GYM YOGA STUDIO

132 ROOMS 6 LOUNGE OPEN MEETING AREAS

POOL AREA / LOUNGE 19 ROOMS WORKS SPACE : 10, 000 SQFT - CONFERENCE ROOMS - ARCADE AREA - LOUNGE AREAS - BREAK AREA LOBBY: 2000 SQFT LOUNGE: 1500 SQFT RESTAURANT: 4000 SQFT GALLERY: 3000 SQFT SERVICE: 5000 SQFT

159

STRUCTURAL DESIGN The strucute of the building fucntions as a diagrid sytem to support extreme lateral loads that are comon in high seimic areas like San Francisco.

The structure is a triadimetional network that support the building from the exterior acting as building envelop, creating an interenting facade pattern. The external diagrid system is helped by additional memebers that are located at the atrium spaces increasing interior support, as well as a columnade arrengmet and shear walls situated at the ends of the building creating a strong and complex structural support.

SLABS 160

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM SKELETHON

STRUCTURAL DETAIL CONNECTION TO CONCRETE SLAB AND NATURAL VENTILATION SYSTEM 161

FIRST LEVEL

10 2

2 UP

8

5

1

1

DN

UP

6

5

7 3

2 3

DN

1. Lobby 2. Lounge 3. Restaurant 4. Kitchen 5. Elevator 6. Service Elevator 7. Court Yard 8. Gallery 9. Entrance 162

3

4

4

1. Elevator 2. Restaurant 3. Administration 4. Service 5. Service Elevator

4

Open to Below

LOBBY

RESTAURANT

163

WORK LEVEL

4

1 5

2

1 5

6 2

3

1. Elevator 2. Open Conference Area 3. Closed Conference Area 4. Arcade Area 5. Service Elevator 6. Lounge Area 164

4

6

3

1. Elevator 2. Service Elevator 3. Break room 4. Informal meeting space 5. Open Conference Room 6. Lounge Area

6

WORK AREA

WORK AREA 165

TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN

2

10

1

1. Elevator 2. Lounge Area 3. Pool Lounge 4. Changing Rooms 5. House Keeping 6. Service Elevators 7. Pool 8. Roof Garden 9. Single Stay Room 10. Double Stay Room

166

6

9 3

5

8

UP

4 7 UP

SINGLE ROOM

167

DOUBLE ROOM

CONFERENCE CENTER

3 4 1 2 6

1. Elevator 2. Service Elevator 3. Restaurant 4. Lounge Area 5. Open Conference Area 6. Restroom 168

5

CONFERENCE CENTER

ATRIUM VIEW

169

FLOOR PLANS

31

30

31

29

34

30

28

29

13 35 34

28

22 13

36

35

23

22 ---

37

24

36

23

25 24

---

37

38 26

25

---

38

39

-

27

---

26

39

27

40

40

41 41 UP

---

UP

DN

Level -1

Level 1

31

30 31

29 30

34

28 29

13 35

34

28

22 13

36

35

23

22

24

37

36

23

25 -

38

24

-

-

---

---

37

---

26

25 38

39

27

26

---

39

27

40

40

41

41

UP

UP

Level 2a 170

Level 3

31

30

29

34

28

13 35

31

22 30

36

23

29

34

24

37

28

13 35

25 -

22

-

---

---

38

36

26

39

UP

27

23

24

37 -

25

---

---

38

40

26

39

27

DN

41 40

---

41 ---

Level 1a

Level 2

31 31

30 30

29 29

34 34

28

28

13 35

13 35

22 22

36 36

23

23

24

37

24

37

-

25

---

-

-

---

25

38

38

---

26 -

26

---

39 39

27

27

40 40

41 41

DN

DN

Level 4

Level 5 171

FLOOR PLANS

31

31

30

30

29

29

34

34

28

28

13

13

35

35 22

22

36

36

23

24

37

23

24

37

25 -

25 -

-

---

-

---

---

38

---

38 26

39

26

39

27

40

27

40

41

41

Level 6

Level 7

31

31

30

30

29

34

29

28

34

13

28

13

35

35 22

22

36

36

23

23

24

37

24

37 25

-

25

-

---

-

---

38

39

38

39

40

40

41

41

172

---

26

27 DN

Level 10

-

---

26

Level 11

27

31

31

30

30

29

29

34

34

28

28

13

13

35

35

22

22 36

36

23

23

24

37

24

37

25

25 -

-

---

38

---

38

-

---

-

---

UP

26

26 39

39

27

27

40

40

41

41

Level 8

Level 9

31

31

30

30

29

34

29

34

28

28

13

13

35

35 22

22

36

36

23

24

37

23

24

37

25

25

---

-

---

38

---

26

39

---

38 DN

39

27

26

27

UP

40

40

41

Level 12

41

Roof Top 173

175

TCONCLUSION HE S IS This thesis was intended to create a new building programing to facilitate interaction, collaboration, and the formation of better creative ideas for start up companies that visit San Francisco in search of networking and investors, as well as a way to promote and exhibit their work to that start up community and potential clients.

In this manner, the building design generated by the process of research and analysis of the work space, new hotel accommodation, interactive architecture, in conjunction to the study of the site conditions and the end user, allowed to develop functional architecture that serves the specific user needs.

With an emphasis on the quality of the interior space and how it serves the end user, the architecture generated open flexible work spaces with the integration of movable furniture, that can be rearrange as needed

to fit different number of people or different types of work activities.

By creating an open work space, the user is exposed to interaction and collaboration to other disciplines that can become inspirational and therefore generate better creative ideas. In addition, this work space houses interactive spaces like lounge areas, open conference rooms, and arcade area to new connection and allow the user to work in a stress free environment, which generates productivity and creativity.

Moreover, the lodging rooms are design with a modern home feel to make the user sense the space reliable and comfy. At the same time, the rooms have a small foot print and they offer basic amenities to engaged the user to interact and use the public spaces to constantly generate interaction.

As a complement to the work space, the building houses several public spaces for user to networking and entrainment. By including two restaurants, a cafeteria, exhibition space, a pool, and a conference center, the user is constantly involved in activities that intent human interaction.

Furthermore, to fit the seismic risks of the area and climate conditions, the building design integrates a structural system that holds the building with a diagrid wrapping the architecture with a network of diagonal members forming at the same time the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s skin.

In correlation to the structural design, the building mass responds to the climate conditions, opening up towards the south to allow maximum daylight to the work space and natural lighting to every lodging room.

By adding different atrium conditions, the building allows air flow and natural ventilation in s

addition to house part of the structural system that supports the exterior system from the interior.

The results of this thesis proves that the integration of different building programmings are a bridge to generate architecture that focuses on the user experience and their particular need, by creating functional spaces that are diverse and flexible to enhance the human experience and therefore enhance human interaction and collaboration.

The architecture has the power to influence human behavior which obeys the purpose of this thesis, to generate interaction, collaboration, productivity and new creative ideas for the entrepreneurial community, their ideas and business opportunities.

177

THESIS PRESENTATION

179

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