Gauguin and the Impressionists

GAUGUIN AND THE IMPRESSIONISTS THE ORDRUPGAARD COLLECTION

ROYAL ACADEMY OF ARTS

First published on the occasion of the exhibition ‘Gauguin and the Impressionists: Masterpieces from the Ordrupgaard Collection’ Royal Academy of Arts, London 29 March – 14 June 2020 Exhibition organised by Ordrupgaard, Copenhagen, and the Royal Academy of Arts​, London This exhibition has been made possible as a result of the Government Indemnity Scheme. The Royal Academy of Arts would like to thank HM Government for providing indemnity and the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport and Arts Council England for arranging the indemnity.

s ec retary and chief executive , royal academy of arts

Axel Rüger

d i rector , ordrupgaard

Anne-Birgitte Fonsmark

e x hibition organisation

Royal Academy of Arts Elana Woodgate with Lucy Davis

Ordrupgaard Anne-Birgitte Fonsmark

Ordrupgaard Malene Anthon

Susana Vázquez Fernández e x hibition catalogue

Royal Academy Publications Florence Dassonville, Production Co-ordinator Rosie Hore, Project Editor Carola Krueger, Production Manager Peter Sawbridge, Editorial Director Nick Tite, Publisher Abridgement of original catalogue entries: Tom Neville Index: Hilary Bird

Printed in Wales by Gomer Press Printed on 150gsm Arctic Matt

All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any other information storage and retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publisher.

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Distributed outside the United States and Canada by ACC Art Books Ltd, Sandy Lane, Old Martlesham, Woodbridge, Suffolk, IP12 4SD Distributed in the United States and Canada by ARTBOOK | D.A.P., 155 Sixth Avenue, New York, NY 10013

p h otographic and copyright co - ordination

Design: Maggi Smith Typeset in Isidora Colour origination: Gomer Press

Any copy of this book issued by the publisher is sold subject to the condition that it shall not by way of trade or otherwise be lent, re-sold, hired out or otherwise circulated without the publisher’s prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including these words being imposed on a subsequent purchaser.

ISBN 978-1-912520-50-3

e x hibition curators

Royal Academy of Arts Anna Ferrari with Rose Thompson and Lucy Chiswell

Essay by Anne-Birgitte Fonsmark: copyright in the original text © Hatje Cantz Verlag, Ostfildern; Ordrupgaard, Copenhagen; and the author, 2011 Catalogue entries: copyright in the original text © Ordrupgaard, Copenhagen, 2020 This edition copyright © Royal Academy of Arts, London, 2020

editorial notes

All dimensions are given in centimetres, height before width.

Unless otherwise stated, all illustrated works of art are part of the Ordrupgaard Collection, Copenhagen.

Authorship of the catalogue entries on pages 114–31 is indicated by the following initials: BA Birgitte Anderberg A-BF Anne-Birgitte Fonsmark TL Thomas Lederballe ACWI Anne Cathrine Wolsgaard Iversen References are given for relevant catalogues raisonnés and for Ordrupgaard’s catalogue of its French collection (Fonsmark et al. 2011), which lists the full literature for each work. illustrations

Page 2: detail of cat. 26 Page 7: detail of cat. 48 Page 9: detail of cat. 31 Pages 10–11: detail of cat. 58 Page 12: detail of cat. 39

Page 24: detail of cat. 33 Pages 32–33: detail of cat. 28 Pages 112–13: detail of cat. 36 Pages 132–33: detail of cat. 44

Contents

President’s Foreword

6

Acknowledgements

8

An Introduction to Wilhelm Hansen’s Collection of French Art at Ordrupgaard a n n e - b i r g i t t e f o n s m a r k

13

‘A wartime price’: Collecting French Painting in Copenhagen

25

anna ferrari

Catalogue Plates

34

Catalogue Entries 1 14 Endnotes

134

Selected Bibliography

136

Photographic Acknowledgements

138

Index

139

President’s Foreword

Impressionism took its time to reach Scandinavia, making Wilhelm Hansen and his wife Henny among the first collectors in Copenhagen in the early twentieth century. Wilhelm Hansen discovered Impressionism during business trips to Paris, but it was the outbreak of the First World War that gave him and his fellow Danish collectors the opportunity to acquire collections of outstanding quality. In 1916 Hansen made his first recorded purchases when he bought works by Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, PierreAuguste Renoir and Alfred Sisley. Over the next few years, acquisitions continued apace. Advised by the critic and friend of the Impressionists Théodore Duret, Hansen bought from the most prestigious Parisian dealers including the Galerie Bernheim-Jeune and the Galerie Durand-Ruel, both of which famously promoted Impressionism. Hansen also bought from distinguished private collectors: he acquired works at the sale of Edgar Degas’s spectacular collection in 1918 and paintings from the collection of George Viau. In 1922 Hansen’s collection was described as one of the best collections of French nineteenthcentury painting outside France. Unfortunately, however, the collection was not spared the Hansens’ financial difficulties of the early 1920s. When a bank from which Hansen had taken a loan crashed he was forced to sell part of his French art collection, which he later attempted to replace. The collection was, however, changed in character. The Hansens’ collection is therefore a reflection of their tastes and circumstances, and of the contemporary fashion for French Impressionism among collectors in northern Europe.

6

The Royal Academy has a long tradition of exhibiting Impressionism, and we are delighted to present the Ordrupgaard Collection for the first time in the United Kingdom. We would like to thank Tim Marlow, our former Artistic Director, and Andrea Tarsia, our Head of Exhibitions, who programmed this exhibition. We are indebted to Anne-Birgitte Fonsmark, Director of Ordrupgaard, for her generous collaboration and for curating this exhibition with Anna Ferrari, assisted by Rose Thompson and Lucy Chiswell, at the Royal Academy. We are immensely grateful to colleagues across both institutions without whom the exhibition and its catalogue would not have been possible. In particular, we would like to thank Malene Anthon at Ordrupgaard, and Elana Woodgate, assisted by Lucy Davis, and Susana Vázquez Fernández at the Royal Academy. Finally, we extend our thanks to Birgitte Anderberg, AnneBirgitte Fonsmark, Thomas Lederballe and Anne Cathrine Wolsgaard Iversen for their thoughtful contributions to this catalogue and to Maggi Smith for its elegant design.

Rebecca Salter PRA President, Royal Academy of Arts

Acknowledgements

The Royal Academy of Arts would like to thank the following individuals for their invaluable assistance in the making of this exhibition and its catalogue: Wayne Daly and Claire Lyon from Daly & Lyon Ann Dumas Hanne Faurby Dorothy Feaver Ian Gardner Mari Griffith Fiona Houston Tom Johnson from Lightwaves Ltd Peter Knowles Adrian Locke Per Rumberg Petr Šámal Nicola von Velsen Diane Whitehouse

8

1 Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres (1780–1867) Dante Offering the Divine Comedy to Homer, c. 1827 and c. 1864–65 Oil on three pieces of canvas mounted on wood, 38 × 35.5 cm Inv. no. 248 WH

34

35

2 Eugène Delacroix (1798–1863) George Sand, 1838 Oil on canvas, 78 × 56.5 cm Inv. no. 280 WH

36

3 Eugène Delacroix (1798–1863) Ugolino and His Sons, 1860 Oil on canvas, 50 × 61 cm Inv. no. 212 WH

37

54 Paul Gauguin (1848–1903) The Wine Harvest, Human Misery, 1888 Oil on jute sackcloth, 72.5 × 92 cm Inv. no. 223 WH

103

55 Paul Gauguin (1848–1903) Tahitian Woman, 1898

Oil on sackcloth, 72.5 × 93.5 cm Inv. no. 225 WH

104

105

56 Paul Gauguin (1848–1903) Adam and Eve, 1902 Oil on fustian, 59 × 38 cm Inv. no. 244 WH

106

57 Paul Gauguin (1848–1903) Portrait of a Young Girl (Vaïte ‘Jeanne’ Goupil), 1896 Oil on canvas, 75 × 65 cm Inv. no. 224 WH

58 Paul Cézanne (1839–1906) Women Bathing, c. 1895 Oil on canvas, 47 × 77 cm Inv. no. 234 WH

108

Mrs Batia Ofer Mr Duro Olowu Ms Christina Ong Dame Jillian Sackler DBE Mrs Sian Westerman Mr Peter Williams Mr Iwan Wirth Andrea Wong Emeritus and Honorary Trustees Lord Aldington Mrs Susan Burns Sir James Butler CBE DL Sir David Cannadine FBA Sir Richard Carew Pole Bt OBE DL Sir Trevor Chinn CVO Mr John Coombe Lord Davies of Abersoch CBE Ambassador Edward E. Elson Mr John Entwistle OBE Mr Michael Gee The Rt Hon. the Earl of Gowrie PC C. Hugh Hildesley Mrs Anya Hindmarch CBE Mrs Susan Ho Lady Barbara Judge CBE The Lady Lever of Manchester Sir Sydney Lipworth QC The Rt Hon. Lord Luce GCVO DL HRH Princess Marie-Chantal of Greece Sir Keith Mills GBE DL Mr Ludovic de Montille Mrs Minoru Mori Mr John Raisman CBE Lord Ricketts of Shortlands GCMG GCVO John Roberts Esq. FRIBA Sir Simon Robertson Sir Evelyn de Rothschild Mrs Maryam Sachs The Hon. Richard Sharp Mr David Stileman TRUSTEES OF ROYAL ACADEMY AMERICA Honorary Patrons HRH Princess Alexandra The Hon. Lady Ogilvy KG GCVO Honorary Trustees Christopher Le Brun PPRA Sir Nicholas Grimshaw CBE PPRA Prof. Phillip King CBE PPRA Rebecca Salter PRA Trustees Aryeh Bourkoff Ilaria Bulgari Prof. Sir David Cannadine FBA Jim Clerkin Elizabeth Crain C. Hugh Hildesley David Hockney OM CH RA Bill Jacklin RA Monika McLennan David Sabel Dame Jillian Sackler DBE Joan N. Stern

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Platinum Patrons Bianca and Noam Gottesman Bruce Horten and Aaron Lieber Caroline M. Lowndes Michael Moritz and Harriet Heyman Gold Patrons Arthur L. Loeb Beatrice Mack Louisa Stude Sarofim Denise Vohra Waqas Wajahat Silver Patrons Steven and Anne Marie Ausnit Betty Benns Ying Benns Jason Crosby Laine Siklos Martin J. and Antoinette Sullivan OBE Donors Donald Best Robert and Griff Fairbairn Lucy Fleming McGrath John J. Medveckis Samuel Kenric Lessey Jr Cynthia Olson President Emerita Katherine M. Ockenden OBE JAPANESE COMMITTEE OF HONOUR Mr Hiroaki Fujii (Chair) and Mrs Fujii Corporate Members Mr Nobuyuki Idei (I Concept) and Mrs Idei Mr Yoshitoshi Kitajima (Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd) and Mrs Kitajima Mr Shinzo Maeda and Mrs Maeda (Shiseido Co Ltd) Mr Yoshihiko Miyauchi (ORIX Corporation) and Mrs Miyauchi Mr Yuzaburo Mogi (Kikkoman Corporation) and Mrs Mogi Mrs Minoru Mori (Mori Building Co Ltd) Mr Takeo Obayashi (Obayashi Corporation) and Mrs Obayashi Mr Nobutada Saji (Suntory Holding Co Ltd) and Mrs Saji Mr Toichi Takenaka (Takenaka Corporation) and Mrs Takenaka Mr Yuzo Yagi (Yagi Tsusho Ltd) and Mrs Yagi Patrons Prof. Tadao Ando Hon. RA and Mrs Ando Mr Shinji Fukukawa and Mrs Fukukawa Prof. Arata Isozaki Hon. RA and Mrs Isozaki Mr Hideo Morita and Mrs Morita Mr Koichi Nezu and Mrs Nezu Mr Yoji Shimizu and Mrs Shimizu Mr Masayoshi Son and Mrs Son Mr Jonathan Stone and Mrs Stone Mrs Tadao Suzuki

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BENEFACTORS OF THE RA LEARNING PROGRAMME The Nicholas Bacon Charitable Trust Jeanne and William Callanan Capital Group Dunard Fund Flow Foundation Robin Hambro The Marandi Foundation The Margaret and Richard Merrell Foundation Alexandra Nash Peacock Charitable Trust Peter Storrs Trust The Weston Family Lord Leonard and Lady Estelle Wolfson Foundation Worshipful Company of Chartered Architects

BENEFACTORS OF THE RA EXHIBITION PROGRAMME Lars Bane Blavatnik Family Foundation Cockayne Grants for the Arts Creative New Zealand Dunard Fund Genesis Foundation Ömer Koç The Magic Trust Scott and Laura Malkin Cate Olson and Nash Robbins Pro Helvetia The Ruddock Foundation for the Arts The Steel Charitable Trust Tavolozza Foundation The Terra Foundation for American Art The Thompson Family Charitable Trust Peter and Geraldine Williams BENEFACTORS OF THE RA COLLECTION The Samuel H. Kress Foundation The Polonsky Foundation

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