Hazard Mitigation Tools and Techniques

Chapter 12 Test

a. Conduct a risk assessment b. Review community capability c. Develop a mitigation strategy d. Adopt the National Incident Management System

5. Low Impact Development or Green Infrastructure are often used to manage stormwater by: a. limiting impervious surfaces and developing techniques for runoff to be absorbed b. building more effective stormwater treatment facilities to protect water quality c. funneling stormwater away from vulnerable properties as a form of mitigation d. none of the above a. the political process b. hazard-prone areas c. natural habitats d. ocean front properties a. fault zone barriers b. fault zone limits c. fault zone setbacks d. fault zone ordinances

6. Over the long-term, the most sustainable approach to minimize damages and losses from natural hazards is to guide development away from .

7. establish the distance that construction can take place from a known fault line to prevent damage to structures from earthquakes.

8. Among the mitigation strategies that are used to strengthen buildings and facilities are: a. seismic retrofitting, reverse 911, floodproofing, fireproofing b. seismic retrofitting, elevation, floodproofing, windproofing c. emergency supply kits, barrier construction, windproofing, floodproofing d. emergency supply kits, CERT training, windproofing, surgeproofing

Chapter 12 Test

9. Reservoirs are water storage facilities that are located behind dams, and are used to hold water during peak runoff periods. True or False?

10. The potential for dam failure is too unlikely to address through mitigation. True or False?

11. Levees, dikes and floodwalls should not be used to reclaim land in the floodplain for development. True or False?

12. One less expensive way to reduce flood damage is to engage in partial floodproofing by elevating only the heating, ventilating and cooling (HVAC) equipment, such as furnaces and hot water heaters. True or False?

13. Wet floodproofing means that all areas below flood level are made watertight. True or False?

14. Wetlands act as natural flood controls by storing tremendous amounts of floodwaters and slowing and reducing downstream flows. True or False?

15. Real estate disclosure laws do not require that the buyer and lender be notified if property is located in a hazard-prone area. True or False?

Chapter 12 Test

Short Answer

Below are 5 Short Answer questions. Each question is worth 4 points for a total of 20 points:

16. Some beachfront communities attempt to cope with shoreline erosion by investing in beach projects that replace or add sand to widen the beach.

17. Stormwater typically flows along the surface of the ground and may ultimately be discharged into bodies or enter stormwater treatment facilities.

18. The process of land and relocation, often referred to as buyout programs, can be an expensive yet effective way for communities to minimize the number of residents living in the most vulnerable areas.

19. raises the lowest habitable floor above the 100-year flood level, so that rising water typically flows under the building, without harming the structure.

20. typically involves improvements to the aerodynamics of a structure, the materials used in its construction, or adding features like storm shutters and shatter-resistant window panes to reduce damage from wind.

Chapter 12 Test

Essay

Below are 2 Essay questions. Answer each question using complete sentences. Each question is worth 10 points for a total of 20 points:

21. Describe what FEMA means by the step of a comphrensive hazard mitigation planning process: create an outreach strategy.

22. Describe at least two potential disadvantages of using structural engineering approaches to mitigation, such as constructing seawalls or jetties.