Answer Key

Test name: Chap 06_11e_ Jacobus

1) A

2) C

Of the four necessities of architecture, the technical requirements of a building are the most obvious. Revelatory requirements are also crucial, but the technical aspects ensure longevity of a building and its ability to illuminate something significant.

3) A

4) A

The Parthenon (see Figure 6-4), because it is on the Acropolis, the highest point in Athens, seems an unlikely candidate for an earthrooted structure, but as we see it now in ruin we perceive a remarkable tendency for it to appear profoundly weighty. The stones that surround the building give us a clue immediately to the density of its stone columns, and the stones of the support of the original roof imply an inevitable yielding to gravity. The horizontal rectangularity of the entablature follows evenly along the plain of the Acropolis with the steady beat of its supporting columns and quiets their upward thrust. Gravity is accepted and accentuated in this serene stability the hold of the earth is secure.

5) B

6) A

"Perhaps Brunelleschi’s dome of the Cathedral of Florence (Figure 6-17) is the most powerful structure ever built in seeming to defy gravity and achieving height in relation to its site. The eight outside ribs spring up to the cupola with tremendous energy, in part because they repeat the spring of the mountains that encircle Florence. The dome, visible from almost everywhere in and around Florence, appears to be precisely centered in the Arno Valley, precisely as high as it should be in order to organize its sky. The world of Florence begins and ends at the still point of this dome of aspiration."

7) B 8) A 9) D 10) B 11) C 12) D 13) C 14) B 15) D

16) Spatial: The term cantilever refers to a structural principle in architecture in which one end of a horizontal form is fixed usually in a wall while the other end juts out over space. Steel beam construction makes such forms possible; many modern buildings, like the Guggenheim Museum, have forms extending fluidly into space.Revelatory: The building reveals itself as a museum. What else could it be? In the 1950s Wright's design was revolutionary. We think of it now as a museum, but when it was built it contrasted so sharply with the rectangular boxlike structures near it that people were shocked. Indeed, this building stands as a work of art partly because its singular design occupies space as a sculpture would. The Guggenheim Museum in New York began an architectural era in which the relationship of form and function began to be called into question.

Answers will vary

17)Earth-rooted: the earth appears as an organic part of the building, seems to "hug to" the earth (e.g., Pantheon), or grow out of the earth (e.g., Wright's Kaufmann house).

Earth-resting does not strongly organize the sky around itself, the earth appears as a stage, avoids curving lines or cantilevering, appears to "sit on" the earth; does not relate to its environment as strongly as earthrooted and sky-oriented architecture. Tends to draw to itself more isolated attention with reference to its shape, articulation of the elements of its walls, lighting, and so on.

Answers will vary

Chapter 7

MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) The basic medium of literature is

A) the written word.

B) sense.

C) spoken language.

D) narration.

2) Literature is what kind of art?

A) narrative

B) serial

C) sound

D) sense

3) What is the main idea of a literary work?

A) the theme.

B) free verse.

C) the setting.

D) narrative.

4) Which literary structure is a poem with emphasis on feelings as the subject matter?

A) organic narrative

B) quest narrative

C) the lyric

D) episodic narrative

5) A 14-line poem with fixed rhyming patterns is a(n)

A) episode.

B) haiku.

C) sonnet.

D) quest.

6) Language used to help the participant picture what is being described is called

A) simile.

B) metaphor.

C) symbolism.

D) imagery.

7) A comparison between two things made by the poet to help the participant perceive new aspects of one or both of them—is called

A) metaphor.

B) symbolism.

C) imagery.

D) diction.

8) "Inebriate of air am I," in Dickinson's poem is an example of

A) simile.

B) metaphor.

C) diction.

D) irony.

9) Which of the following implies contradiction of some kind?

A) symbolism

B) simile

C) irony

D) diction

10) Which type of narrative implies a close relationship of all the details including unity of events and character(s)?

A) organic

B) episodic

C) quest

D) lyric

11) The episodic narrative is a story

A) relating a single episode or event.

B) relating a series of events not closely connected.

C) of someone's search for an important goal.

D) that is unresolved.

12) Which is an example of an episodic narrative?

A) Miguel de Cervantes’sDon Quixote

B) Maxim Gorky's "Her Lover"

C) Herman Melville’sMoby-Dick

D) Ralph Ellison’sInvisible Man

13) The quest narrative is a story in which

A) the leading character or characters search for something of great importance to themselves.

B) the leading character or characters have to complete certain assigned tasks in order to receive their rewards.

C) a series of seemingly unrelated events are related by a surprising conclusion.

D) a mystery is solved.

14) Which is an example of a quest narrative?

A) Miguel de Cervantes’sDon Quixote

B) Maxim Gorky's "Her Lover"

C) Herman Melville’sMoby-Dick

D) Homer'sOdyssey

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

15) Identify and briefly describe the four structures of literature discussed in chapter 7. Give an example of each. Which structure do you favor? Why?

ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.

16) In the following Walt Whitman lyric "A Noiseless Patient Spider," he sees a connection between the spider and the human soul. Using language from the poem as your examples, reveal how the poem identifies that connection. Consider the speaker, the choice of subject matter, the diction, the metaphors, and the image. What insight into the human soul do you gain from this meditation?

A Noiseless Patient Spider

A noiseless patient spider, I mark'd where on a little promontory it stood isolated, Mark'd how to explore the vacant vast surrounding, It launch'd forth filament, filament, filament, out of itself, Ever unreeling them, every tirelessly speeding them. And you O my soul where you stand, Surrounded, detached, in measureless oceans of space, Ceaselessly musing, venturing, throwing, seeking the spheres to connect them, Till the bridge you will need be form'd, till the ductile anchor hold, Till the gossamer thread you fling catch somewhere, O my soul.