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Boarding school in Nimes, France
CASE STUDY: BOARDING SCHOOL IN NIMES, FRANCE
MDR ARCHITECTS
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INTRODUCTION:
The boarding house project is a continuation of Philippe Lamour high school: then its design takes into account the logical organization of the existing facilities and must ensure consistency and overall harmony. The area where the building fits, places the project as a figurehead of this big island, position both strategic and symbolic: the facilities plays a special role because it has to be the link between the exterior and the interior. Shared by several schools of Nimes and physically attached to Philippe Lamour high school, its reception, conviviality and reference character must be emphasized. The precise location of the project reflects this link between public space and high school territory.
Fig.96
CONCEPT & FORM DERIVATION:
The project consists of a ground floor volume extending lengthwise following the south shore of the land area: by ensuring the building base, this ring beam reflects both the protective and sturdy character by its imprinted rough concrete monolith aspect. The three floors are linked within a flexible volume, lightened by a punctually perforated immaculate wall panel. It bends and moves towards the crossroad resulting in a real call from the general entrance of the high school.
This bending allows controlling the privacy: the building courteously stands aside from the caretaker dwelling existing to the East of the site to open up its view and allows it to benefit from the landscaped area and from the light from the southwest while affording protection against the boarding house. This torsion of the room bodies to the North, also allows a better orientation of the accommodation units and protecting them from the general entrance of the high school
SITE PLAN:
GROUND FLOOR PLAN: Fig.97
............ • ..INTERNAL CORRIDOR
...............EXTERNAL CORRIDOR
Fig.98
Regarding the public space, the project takes into account the existing profile of the high school and particularly the space of the courtyard and of the large canopy which protects it: it allows complementing and strengthening the perspective to give a steep slope to the facade of the high school overlooking the avenue Allende by structuring the currently vacant space of the parking, where the current bicycle sheds are not large enough to do it.
TYPICAL FLOOR PLANS 1,2:
Fig.99
Introduced by a gate from the high school courtyard, the pedestrian access to the boarding house leads to a generous courtyard protected from the elements by the part of the floor volume on stilts: this protection largely opens the entrance facade showing clearly its access. The entrance hall benefits from abundant permeability and light, completed by a facade largely open to the inner landscaped area on the high school side: this buffer area has a good orientation to the South and a preserved swale planted with bamboos, which protects it from the wind and provides privacy
ELEVATION:
Fig.100
SECTION:
Fig.101
The common areas also benefit from crossed views and are flooded with natural light due to the arrangement of openings, more moderate on the street side, more generous on the inner side. The household has a lot of subareas: generously open to the landscape buffer area to the South overlooking a large terrace, it features a more "cosiness" area towards the TV lounge.
ELEVATION:
Fig.102
The rooms benefit from natural light thanks to a good size central window with glass wall. The Corian facade cladding is studied for privacy and for protecting from strong sunshine. The perforations of this skin, arranged according to the orientations bring a pleasant subdued lighting
IMAGES:
Fig.103
ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS:
FACADE DESIGN:
Fig.104
Fig.105
Fig.106
The rooms benefit from natural light thanks to a good size central window with glass wall. The Corian facade cladding is studied for privacy and for protecting from strong sunshine. The perforations of this skin, arranged according to the orientations bring a pleasant subdued lighting
CORRIDOR DESIGN:
Fig.107
Fig.108
Fig.109
Pedestrian walkways to the rooms are open at their ends with entirely glazed wooden frames serving as an exit to the escape stairs: the natural light coming from East and West in theses walkways reduces the effect of corridor
The common areas also benefit from crossed views and are flooded with natural light due to the arrangement of openings, more moderate on the street side, more generous on the inner side.
PEDESTRIAN WALKWAY:
Fig.110
The pedestrian walks perpetuate the link crossing the diverse teaching entities going to the sports facilities. Introduced by a gate from the high school courtyard, the pedestrian access to the boarding house leads to a generous courtyard protected from the elements by the part of the floor volume on stilts: this protection largely opens the entrance facade showing clearly its access.
MONOLITHIC COLUMNS:
Fig.111
By ensuring the building base, this ring beam reflects both the protective and sturdy character by its imprinted rough concrete monolith aspect. The three floors are linked within a flexible volume, lightened by a punctually perforated immaculate wall panel.
PERGOLA:
Fig.112
a garden feature forming a shaded walkway, passageway, or sitting area of vertical posts or pillars that usually support cross-beams and a sturdy open lattice, often upon which woody vines are trained.
LANDSCAPE & FENCE:
Fig.113
Fig.114
The common areas also benefit from crossed views and are flooded with natural light due to the arrangement of openings, more moderate on the street side, more generous on the inner side. The household has a lot of subareas: generously open to the landscape buffer area to the South overlooking a large terrace, it features a more "cosiness" area towards the TV lounge.
STRUCTURAL DETAIL:
Fig.115
Fixing details of sunshade with wall
Sunshade is an extension from the ground floor roof which also serves as a gutter for rainwater and maintenance corridor for facade.
Fig.116
Fixing details of corianthian panel to glass window
The three floors are linked within a flexible volume, lightened by a punctually perforated immaculate wall panel.
Fig.117
Footing &Door detail
Isolated footing with reinforced concrete is used for foundation. Sliding doors are used in ground floor with access to landscape surrounding the building
STRUCRURAL MATERIALS
FLOORING INTERIORS:
Fig.118: Bright coloured semi-mate finished corridor to absorb natural light
Fig.119: Glossy finished marble on corridor for reflection
Fig.120: Matte finished tile used in entrance hall
FLOORING EXTERIOR:
Fig.121: Cement flooring with high matte for flooring in Ramps and walkways.
Fig.122: Concrete flooring for car parking zones
Fig.123: Asphalt material for service and entrance roads
FALSE CEILING &ROOF:
Fig.124: Grid tile ceiling in entrance hall made of gypsum
Fig.125: Ply wood ceiling finished with glossy pre laminated panels with black and white contrast colours
Fig.126: Gypsum ceiling with combination of perforations and solids are used defining corridors
FINISHES:
Fig.127: Walls are finished in white coloured paint.
Fig.128: Circular columns finished by guinniting spray of marble finish with glossy surface.
Fig.129: Facade panels are made up of corinthian with perforations which provide passive ventilation to the building
INFERENCE:
• The style of the building is constructivism. The building is simple and elegant in view and avoids unwanted attraction as the residential block needs its privacy. • The colour combinations used in interiors gives a pleasant feel when one walks on the corridor. • The rooms are rational but their atmosphere is softened with simple, adapted and customizable contemporaneous furniture. Only the adapted rooms have shower rooms for persons with reduced mobility which still benefit from a large size area in front of the sinks and of a built shower block.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND INFERENCE
LOCATION SITE AND DETAILS
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
The school was located in a spacious campus in Adyar made available by The Theosophical Society. The School KFI relocated to a new campus in June 2018 to Thazhambur (on Old Mahabalipuram Road)
AREA - 27 Acres Architect - MsAnupamaMohanram / Mr JaideepVivekanand
Fig.130
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
Chennai has a very heterogeneous mix of architectural styles ranging from ancient temples to the British colonial era buildings and to the latest modern buildings.
•St. Johns campus is located in Palanjur, on the way to Kanchipuram district
AREA 35Acres
Fig.131
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
The area where the building fits, places the project as a figurehead of this big island, position both strategic and symbolic: the facilities plays a special role because it has to be the link between the exterior and the interior.
INFERENCE
Fig.132 (AREA – 15 Acres)
Since it is School project, it is important to have our proposed site located in an area with well-connected transport network with less crowded area without sound and air pollution. Thus providing a pleasant and calm atmosphere.
ZONING
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
1.Office Room 2.Kitchen&dining 3.Junior school 4.Senior school 5.Art block 6.Library 7. Staff Room
Fig.133
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
Fig.134
1 - ENTRY AND EXIT 2 - SJA ACADEMIC BLOCK (MATRICULATION) 3 - GIRLS HOSTEL 4 - HEBRON HALL (INDOOR STADIUM) 5 - STAFF QUARTERS 6 - ZION AUDI AND CAFETERIA 7 - CRICKET FIELD 8 - SCIENCE PARK 9 - OPEN AIR THEATRE 10 - BADMINTON COURT 11 - ACADEMIC BLOCK 12 - APOLLO CLINIC 13 - BOYS HOSTEL 14 - GAMES COURT 15 - ATHLETIC FIELD 16 - TENNIS COURT
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
Fig.135
1. Admin Area
2. Academic block
3.Hostel Block
4.Library
5.Fitness centre
6.Playground
INFERENCE
It is observed that placing each zone with respect to their function and privacy is important as well as good interconnections.
Courtyards and atrium provides a good natural lighting and it is necessary to provide
BUILDING HEIGHT & BLOCKS
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
Assembly hall, School block, Art& craft Block-3 Floors Cafeteria,Office,staff Block-2 Floors Library-1 floor
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
15 blocks -academic-4 floors,
Girls& boys hostel-3 floors,
Zion & auditorium,cafeteria-2 floors,
Apollo block-2 floors
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
4 Blocks-Academic-3 floors,
Hostel Block-floors, Library-1 floor Fitness centre-1 floor, Admin Area-1 floor.
INFERENCE
Horizontal zoning makes sense more than vertical stacking which can help students to avoid unnecessary travel on stairs and helps disabled students
SPACE&FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
Each block is zoned in such a way that the distance of block from entry increases with increase in age with office Room remainingas first block.
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
Each block is interconnected in a way to interact with each zoneand distance between 1st block and last block makes uncomfortable to travel.
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
Each block is connected in a linear way and all blocks are easily accessible visually and physically
INFERENCE
Segregation of blocks is appreciable with connected corridors
SPATIAL STANDARDS
(USE IN EACH CASE STUDY PROJECTS)
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
Site Area : 27 Acres No of Users : 450 Class Room : 2.8 sq. m/student Library : 4 .6 sq. m/student Assembly hall : 1.8 sq.m per person Open space : 10%of Site area Maximum fire exit distance : 30m Staircase width : 1.5 m Service Road width : 6m Set back: Front : 15 m Rear : 10m Side : 8m
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
Site Area : 37 Acres No of Users : 800 Class Room : 2.6 sq. m/student Library : 4.6sq.m/student Auditorium : 2 sq. m per person Open space : 12%of Site area Maximum fire exit distance : 30m Staircase width : 1.5 m Service Road width : 7m Set back :Front : 12 m Rear : 15m Side : 9m
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
Site Area : 15 Acres No of Users : 300 Class Room : 3 sq.m/student Library : 5sq.m/student Auditorium : 2 sq.m per person Open space : 10%of Site area Maximum fire exit distance : 25m Staircase width : 2 m Service Road width : 8m (with curbs) Set back: Front : 20 m Rear : 15m Side : 10m
As per standards, the minimum area required for each block is
Class Room : 2.3sq.m/student Library : 4.6sq.m/student Auditorium : 2 sq. m per person Open space : 10%of Site area
Maximum fire exit distance : 30m Staircase width : 1.5 m Service Road width : 6m (with curbs)
Set Back: Front : 18 m Rear : 12m
Side : 8m
ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
Bird bath - along pathway Murals-depicting stories Exposed brickworks Arched gate way Exposed concrete Cudapah seats
Fig.136
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
Building style is nothing unique; the facade is mainly the arches along the corridor. The pediment at the facade shows its partial classical styles
Fig.137
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
The building style is unique and reflects contemporary style in the room bodies to the North, also allows a better orientation of the accommodation units and protecting them from the general entrance of the high school.
Fig.138
INFERENCE
Use of modern materials with health and acoustically good materials is advisable Making courtyards and plazas make the building privacy and comfortable.
CIRCULATION
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
The curved circulation pathway creates afree flow of movement without any restriction. This pathway was also done by the students as a part of their practical session with the staff guidance
Fig.139
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
The circulation here is irregularsince the blocks are placed according to its site boundary. Thus, making the circulation in an undefined pattern.Often it will confuse and unsafe forthe students because it has more turning points.
Fig.140
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
The circulation here is regular andeach block is well connected. On all four sides of block are connected and easily accessible forstudents.
Fig.141
INFERENCE
From the case studies reducing the turning points with visually accessible circulation pattern is helpful in attaining good design
LIGHTING&VENTILATION
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
The modern design feature pergola, enhance the design & also have a light & shadow play with the movement of sun. Perforated brick blocks are used for jali wall construction. Ventilation through this jali wall creates a play of lighting in the interior of the building with the movement of sun
Fig.142
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
The natural lighting is achieved through the corridors of the building since it has arched openings. Other than that no rhythmic or articulation of light is achieved in the building.
Fig.143
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
The rooms benefit from natural light thanks to a good size central window with glass wall.
The Corian facade cladding is studied for privacy and for protecting from strong sunshine.
Fig.144
INFERENCE
Using operable windows and maximum use of north Light is advisable
FORM ANALYSIS
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
Rectangular forms with curved fillets serving the design purpose&considerations.
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
Basic cuboid volume with voids of windows-No interest in form is seen
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
Basic cuboid, creating interest by voids on solids and makingthe building unique from the surroundings
INFERENCE
Organic free flowing forms with curved and curvilinear open forms
ENERGY EFFICIENCY RATING
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
IGBC AWARD (Indian Green Building Council)
The School KFI's new campus in Thazhambur, Chennai has been awarded the CII - Indian Green Building Council - IGBC's Green School award with the highest Platinum rating. The architect and green consultant for the new campus are Ms Anupama Mohanram and Mr JaideepVivekanand of Green Evolution, an architectural services firm specializing in aesthetic, earth friendly buildings.
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
• Buffer spaces are provided that is verandas and balcony space • Surface reflectivity is provided that is pale colours are used in the surface • Shading techniques are used that is over hands, trees, etc
Fig.145
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
• No such green ratings • Buffer spaces are provided with bamboo all around the blocks • North light is used wisely for natural ventilation • No green certification is achieved
Fig.146
INFERENCE
Green building materials and energy efficient technologies help the building to use lower energy.The techniques such as solar panel, Rain water harvesting and sewage treatment plant must be adopted.
MATERIAL ANALYSIS
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
• Exposed brick wall & Exposed concrete wall finish being trending now a days is the feature of modern architecture. • Broken tiles for pavements. • Cement flooring for Corridors.
Fig.147
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
• Tar for service roads • Reinforced concrete for beams & columns • Walls finished with cement plaster and paint • Clay brick tiles for open air theatre in Herring bone pattern • Cement flooring for Corridors • Tiles for Hostel
Fig.148
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
Bright coloured semi-mate finished corridor to absorb natural light.
Fig.149
Cement flooring with high matte for flooring in Ramps and walkways.
Ply wood ceiling finished with glossy pre laminated panels with black and white contrast colours.
INFERENCE
Use of modern materials with health and acoustically good materials is advisable. Making courtyards and plazas make the building privacy and comfortable.
CLIMATE ANALYSIS
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
Chennai features a tropical wet and dry climate. Chennai lies on the thermal equator and is also coastal, which prevents extreme variation in seasonal temperature. For most of the year, the weather is hot and humid.
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
Chennai features a tropical wet and dry climate. Chennai lies on the thermal equator and is also coastal, which prevents extreme variation in seasonal temperature. For most of the year, the weather is hot and humid.
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
The climate of Nimes is Mediterranean, with mild relatively rainy winters and hot, sunny summer
INFERENCE
Building technology and materials are noted based on climate of proposed site.
SOLAR ORIENTATION
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
The building is oriented towards West & Eastwith more windows on north side.
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
The building is oriented towards North east by welcoming cool breeze from the sea.
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
The building is oriented towards north east to receive more north light for Ventilation.
INFERENCE
In India, orientation should be towards north to absorb north lightand maximum longest length of the building facing the east.
TEMPRATURE VARIATIONS
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
The hottest part of the year is late May and early June, known locally as Agni Nakshatram ("fiery star") or as Kathiri Veyyil, with maximum temperatures around 38-42 °C (100-108 °F). The coolest part of the year is January, with minimum temperatures around 18-20 °C
(64-68 °F). The lowest temperature recorded is 13.9 °C (57.0 °F) and highest 45 °C (1 13 °F) (30 May 2003).
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
The hottest part of the year is late May and early June, known locally as Agni Nakshatram ("fiery star") or as Kathiri Veyyil, with maximum temperatures around 38-42 °C (100-108 °F). The coolest part of the year is January, with minimum temperatures around 18-20 °C (64-68 °F). The lowest temperature recorded is 13.9 °C (57.0 °F) and highest 45 °C (1 13 °F) (30 May 2003).
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
The month with the highest average low temperature is August (19.6°C). Coldest months (with the lowest average low temperature) are January and February (4.7°C).
INFERENCE
Prevailing winds should be induced into the building to reduce temperature
HUMIDITY VARIATIONS
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
• On average, November is the most humid. • On average, June is the least humid month. • The average annual percentage of humidity is: 70.0%
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
• On average, November is the most humid. • On average, June is the least humid month. • The average annual percentage of humidity is: 70.0%
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
Months with the highest relative humidity are November and December (76%). The month with the lowest relative humidity is July (57%).
INFERENCE
Wind catchers, solar chimneys are used
RAINFALL VARIATIONS
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
The average annual rainfall is about 1,400 mm (55 in). The city gets most of its seasonal rainfall from the north-east monsoon winds, from mid-September to mid-December.
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
The average annual rainfall is about 1,400 mm (55 in). The city gets most of its seasonal rainfall from the north-east monsoon winds, from mid-September to mid-December.
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
The wettest month (with the highest rainfall) is October (85mm). The driest month (with the lowest rainfall) is July (13mm).
INFERENCE
Rainwater is harvested using Rainwater harvesting and sewage treatment planed is used to make effective use of water
THERMAL COMFORT LEVEL
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
Moderate -As per Psychometric chart
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
Moderate -As per Psychometric chart
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
Moderate -As per Psychometric chart
INFERENCE
Thermal comfort Index of the proposed site should be noted
FORM ANALYSIS
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
Rectangular forms with curved fillets serving the design purpose&considerations
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
Basic cuboid volume with voids of windows-No interest in form is seen
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
Basic cuboid, creating interest by voids on solids and makingthe building unique from the surroundings
INFERENCE
Organic free flowing forms with curved and curvilinear open forms.
APPROACH
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
Fig.150: Approach at the corner of site
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
Fig.151: Approach at the corner of site
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
Fig.152: Approach at the centre ofall sides of the site
INFERENCE
Approach at the centre is appreciated.Thus avoiding more than two entry and exits is advisable
BUILDING CLADDING
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
All the blocks here are earthen finished to have a natural effect. Mud plaster is often used with tile cladding
ST.JOHN’S INTERNATIONAL RESIDENT SCHOOL
Walls finished with cement plaster and paint .clay brick tiles for open air theatre
BOARDING SCHOOL, NIMES, FRANCE
Facade panels are made up of corinthian with perforations which provide passive ventilation to the building.
INFERENCE
Materials used for cladding should be climate responsive.
RELATIONSHIP WITH SPACES
Spaces detached Spaces interconnected
KRISHNAMOORTHY FOUNDATION SCHOOL
